Cruz, Denmar L.

41185 Solid Waste Management Program

Introduction

Every country is now faced with serious environmental challenges

concerning waste management due to rapid urban development, industrialization

and population growth.

The disposal of waste materials has become a race between education and

catastrophe. By man’s activities, the environment is disturbed and degraded

resulting to the disruption of the ecological balance. It also resulted to generations

of wastes due to improper usage of energy and resources. Solid waste is not

partially dangerous but it is very harmful as it accumulates. It can contaminate our

surroundings building breeding grounds for different kinds of health problems.

According to the National Solid Waste Management Commission, the

Philippines’ waste generation continues to rise as they calculated that from

37,427.46 tons per day in 2012, the country’s waste generation steadily increased

to 40,087.45 tons in 2016 with an estimated average per capita waste generation

of 0.40 kilograms per day for both urban and rural. The National Capital Region

(NCR), as expected, generated the biggest volume of wastes for the past five years

due to its population size, bigger number of establishments and modernized

lifestyle. With an estimated population of 12 million people, Metropolitan Manila

generated 9,212.92 tons per day of wastes in 2016. It is followed by Region 4A

with waste generation of 4,440.15 tons per day (11.08%) and Region 3 with

3,890.12 tons per day (9.70 %) (NSWC).

 This huge amount of waste is a problem, and the question is how to deal

with this waste crisis. The situation itself is very alarming and if not addressed, its

side effects could be catastrophic. Waste management is crucial to reducing the

negative impacts of waste on the environment and to human beings.

As it caught the attention of both national and international government,

they have committed to establish efficient waste management within their

respective territories to minimize the negative effects of wastes.

Background of the Study

Before the implementation of the ecological solid waste management, there

were no proper programs regarding disposal of wastes.

Like any other developing countries, Philippines have struggled to manage

its resources as its population grew. Rapid urbanization and development have

resulted to increase of waste. This condition have created both environmental and

health problems due to inability of both local and national government to address

the matter.

Wastes hazardous or not were all thrown together on open dump sites.

There were numerous dump sites in the Philippines before its implementation of

Republic Act No. 9003, or Ecological Solid Waste Management Act. There were also

instances that Philippines have been receiving containers after containers of wastes

from foreign countries.

The improper management of wastes has resulted to manmade

catastrophes. A well known example of this would be Manila bay and Pasig River.

Urban and rural areas are face with an aftermath of being easily flooded. The

waters contain the unmanaged wastes and sometimes toxic. Without a strong

implementing rule or policy, people were freely throwing their garbage everywhere.

An undeniable effect of the improper management of waste would be

pollution. Through rapid development, humans have invented containers that

eventually would be the reason for environmental destruction; the Plastic. Without

proper knowledge and programs regarding waste disposal, plastics were thrown
everywhere and has already reached the deepest parts of the sea. Not only are the

bodies of water getting dirty but even the marine animals are facing life and death

situations because of Plastic. It has reached the deepest parts of the sea that these

animals are unknowingly and unavoidably been eating it.

These are only few of the man made catastrophes that resulted from

improper management of wastes.

Theoretical Framework
 Conceptual Framework

Independent Variable Dependent Variable

Factors of Proper Waste Proper Waste

Management: Management in Calapan
City
1. Programs
2. Implementing Body
3. Awareness
4. Community

Improve efficiency and raise environmental

awareness

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to answer the following:

1. What are the available programs of the Solid Waste Management in Calapan
City?
2. Who are the implementing bodies and enforcers of SWMP?
3. How aware are the citizens of Calapan that there is a SWMP? What methods
are used by the implementing body to spread awareness of proper waste
disposal?
4. What are the significant effects of SWMP in the community?
Significance of the Study

The study will be significant to the citizens of Calapan City. It will help raise

awareness and deepen their understanding on the importance of solid waste

management. The study will help show the significant effects of SWMP in the

betterment of human life.

The researcher hopes that this study will be a helpful guide for programs

administrators in improving the environment of the community.

Future researchers can use the materials as reliable source of data and

information for another depth analysis and study.

Scope and Limitation

The study is limited on knowing the programs of the Solid

Waste Management and how it is implemented in Calapan City.