Case Study on the Solid Waste Management of Barangay Naungan, Ormoc City

A Research Proposal

Presented to the Faculty of the

ACLC COLLEGE OF ORMOC

Ormoc City, Philippines

In partial fulfillment of the requirements for

Inquiries, Investigations, and Immersion

By:

TONGCO, ARLEX L.

HERMOSO, VINCE C.

DUMALAN, JANNELLA JHAYNE D.

PITOGO, APRIL MARIE R.

VILLAS, LUV NINA G.

March, 2023
 CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

              There are human activities that you could carry out in response to the

increasing environmental concern in waste management. Waste management refers to

the process by which garbage is properly collected, transported and disposed of In

Ormoc City waste disposal is a major environmental concern. Tons of trash are

thrown every year into dump sites that are filling up. If this problem is not addressed

correctly, the city will no longer have space for dumpsites and this could lead to

serious health issues and to flooding due to increase of wastes.

                Compounding the problem of waste management is also the increase in our

population which also means an increase in demands. A bigger 3rdpopulation uses

more materials and this can lead to the depletion or decrease of the resources of the

earth such as water, trees and animals.

                Solid Waste Management aims to plan, prepare and implement the proper

management of waste disposal for building sustainable and livable cities such as the

city of Ormoc. It is a challenge of many developing countries and cities worldwide.

Ormoc city as one of the premier cities in Region VIII, in its effort to effectively

address the need to develop and fully implement our Solid management projects and

means to address the entire lifecycle of waste-from generation, to collection and

transportation and finally treatment and disposal. Projects such as waste segregation

or sorting based on an executive order that all barangays of this city should follow or

otherwise be fined or face penalty of imprisonment as per E.O-issued by the LGU of

Ormoc city. Treatment facilities, closed dumps. Construction of landfills were also

given priority for the assurance of health and safety of Ormocanons.  

Statement of the Problem

The purpose of this research is to imply an intervention plan and improve the

solid waste management of Brgy. Naungan Ormoc City. Based on a thorough review,

the study chooses to answer the following questions:

1. What is the impact of the environmental awareness of the residents and

the city’s Solid Waste management projects?

2. What hinders the proper waste segregation of Ormoc City?

3. What further actions must be taken in order to address problems within

the city’s Solid Waste Management?

Assumptions of the Study

1. Brgy. Naungan’s Solid Waste management projects are incapable of

environmental preservation due to lack of funds, and or resources.

2. The implementation of an established intervention will prove

successful in improving the baranggay’s solid waste management.

3. The citizens of Brgy. Naungan are unaware of the occurring

environmental problems due to their lack of responsibility.

Hypothesis

The following null hypothesis opts to determine the presumptions of the two variables

formulated from the research study.

 1.  There is no significant change before and after the implementation of

the solid waste management intervention plan.

2. There is a significant change before and after the implementation of

the solid waste management intervention plan.

Scope and Delimitations

        Out of 85 barangays 40 barangays will be used as samples to conduct the survey.

The study is limited to the barangays residing within Ormoc City only.

This research focuses on possibly proving and improving existing flaws within

Ormoc City’s Solid Waste Management. The study exists to address problems

surrounding the topic. The paper will cover as far as determining the relationship of

the citizens environmental awareness and their action towards the City’s Solid Waste

Management procedures. Data gathered will be from the LGUs of Ormoc through the

use of a survey. The research will make use of each participant's information such as

their barangay, the captain of their barangay, and the estimated population of their

barangay. The time span of the study is from December of 2022 to January of 2023.

Limitations of the Study 

The topic of the research is progressive the findings of this research might

change in the future on account of the changes to the sample sizes, thus, the research

might need to be repeated by future researchers who wish to replicate the study due to

the timeliness of the research topic.

The study covers only a fraction of the total sample population which might

lead to further questions with regards to the remaining of the total population. The
total population is 85 barangays with only 40 of them participating in the study. The

40 respondents will represent the total population of 85 barangays and will provide

adequate findings for the conclusion of the research.

The research topic is sensitive, thus, the answers from the respondents might

be based in accordance to what is expected or what is acceptable.

Significance of the Study

Recurring problems related to waste disposal are austere. Related issues about

the problem have not been addressed properly. The study aims to determine ways to

intervene in the problems of the City’s Solid Waste Management, in this day and age

it is vital for everyone to take action upon the problems of our environment and

improper disposal of garbage is one of the greatest contributors to the degradation of

our environment. The study not only is relevant to the problems world wide but it is

also a way to determine how knowledgeable people are about the current situation of

our environment. The more knowledgeable people are about the current standpoint of

our environment the more likely they will act to prevent further damage to it.

Definition of Terms

Solid Waste Management- solid-waste management, the collecting, treating, and

disposing of solid material that is discarded because it has served its purpose or is no

longer useful.
 CHAPTER II

THEORETICAL BACKGROUND

Review of Related Literature and Studies

Environmental awareness according to Ryan and Deci (2008), provides

knowledge arousing personal values, providing a sense of choice and volition

internalizing the motivation. Environmental awareness is not only the matter of

knowing how to take care of the environment, but also it is choosing to exercise the

knowledge you have. Having awareness encourages an individual to work towards the

common goal of the environment, not only to the environment but also for the

residents living in it. Lacking awareness for the environment can bring risks to the

residents within the environment such as plagues of diseases and viruses that bring

dangers to the residents. According to E. Pongrácz (2004) Waste Management Theory

is founded on the expectation that waste management is to prevent waste causing

harm to human health and the environment.

Worldbank.org wrote, “Poorly managed waste is contaminating the world’s

oceans, clogging drains and causing flooding, transmitting diseases, increasing

respiratory problems from burning, harming animals that consume waste

unknowingly, and affecting economic development, such as through tourism,” said

Sameh Wahba, World Bank Director for Urban and Territorial Development, Disaster

Risk Management and Resilience. The statement reinforces the idea of which poorly

managed waste doesn’t only affect the environment but also the people living in it.

Properly managed waste does not only promote a cleaner environment but can also

pave way for the economy’s income through a sustainable solid waste management

plan. According to the PIA (2022), The DENR recognized Dumaguete City for
generating a monthly income of at least P500,0000 for the city government through its

recovery of recyclable materials/waste while providing livelihood for the waste

pickers through proper and sustainable solid waste management.

Moreover, raising awareness also encourage movements to act upon the

environmental issues relating to solid waste PNA (2019) wrote, TACLOBAN CITY –

Around 700 volunteers joined the clean-up drive on Sunday along the coast of heavily

polluted Panalaron Bay and Mangon-bangon creek in this city. Although not all solid

wastes were removed during the three-hour cleanup, organizers said they are happy

with the outcome. “At least we’re able to raise awareness on the value of cleaning our

bays and waterways. This is in support to the program of President Rodrigo Duterte to

rehabilitate the polluted bodies of water,” said An Waray founder Bem Noel, one of

the event organizers. The group invited some residents living near the bay and creek,

including children, who volunteered to collect debris and garbage.

Theoretical Framework

“Waste Management Theory is founded on the expectation that waste

management is to prevent waste causing harm to human health and the environment.

The proper definition of waste is crucial to constructing a sustainable agenda of waste

management. It is largely the case that current legislation attends to existing waste.

Definitions emerging from this condition may, however, conflict with the goals of

waste prevention, because something that already exists cannot be prevented from

arising. When material is assigned the label of "waste", it will be treated as such;

consequently. Despite its explicit wish of waste prevention, implicitly, legislation

essentially amasses waste. The inherent philosophical implication of such definitions

is that they are not able to facilitate a sustainable waste management system.

Therefore, new, dynamic definitions for waste and waste management must be sought,

which can explain why waste is created and can offer an intrinsic solution for the

problem. A radically new approach, based on an object-oriented modelling language,

is presented to define the key concepts of waste management” (Pongrácz, 2004).

“Environmental awareness provides knowledge arousing personal values, providing a

sense of choice and volition internalizing the motivation” (Ryan and Deci 2008). The

theory stipulates that the intention of acting has a direct effect on behaviour, and that

it can be predicted by attitudes. These attitudes are shaped by subjective norms and

beliefs, and situational factors influence these variables' relative importance (Ajzen

and Fishbein's theory of reasoned/responsible action).

Conceptual Framework

Input Process Output

• solid waste management • presentation of letters •Implementation

Of Brgy. Naungan, Ormoc City (approval and consent) and utilization of

• implication of an the study’s

already established findings for the

intervention plan. embetterment of

• analyzation of the the baranggay’s

collected data through SWM.

interview and

observation.
 Chapter III

METHODOLOGY

This chapter tackles and analyses the procedures and processes to precisely

provide the conclusions of the study. Information will be used by the researchers such

as the environment locale, participants, instruments, gathering procedures, and

methods of data analysis in the study.

Research Design

This study used quantitative research to examine Ormoc City's solid waste

management and how it correlates to its citizens' environmental awareness. The

researchers included the use of face-to-face distribution of the survey questionnaires

to the intended respondents. As a result, accuracy of the data is correctly obtained as

responses of the respondents were observed. More specifically, this study strategically

used two types of research, including the survey method and observational research,

in order to emphasize objective measurements and the analysis of data collected

through survey questionnaires.

The researchers promote the use of the survey method as it is an effective

quantitative approach to gathering information from a set of respondents by posing a

variety of questions using questionnaires created by the researchers. To put it plainly,

the aforementioned research technique was utilized to collect data from respondents,

and the results will shortly be statistically examined to yield useful research

conclusions. The researchers of this study also employ observational research as a

research method to examine an ongoing issue, particularly pertaining to Ormoc City's

solid waste management and its citizens' environmental awareness. This method
enables the researchers to observe how their participants make decisions and respond

to circumstances in their natural environment. In summary, the researchers of this

study used a variety of research methods to thoroughly analyze an ongoing issue and

purposefully support their conclusions.

Research Instrument

A survey questionnaire is utilized to provide an unbiased conclusion of the study. The

questionnaire is a collection of questions pertaining to the goal of the study to provide

an accurate representation of the sample population. The use of indirect observation

will also prove to be useful pertaining to the precision of the results of the data

collected. Furthermore, it reinforces the data collected by the survey questionnaires.

Sampling Method

Convenience sampling will be used in this study. Convenience sampling is a strategy

that is cost effective and easy because it will only require participants that are easily

accessible by the researchers. The use of this strategy will ensure an unbiased

generalization of the entire population since the convenience that the researchers need

is the distance of the respondents. Furthermore, the researchers does not have

affiliations and or relations to the respondents of the study.