Equipment Design: Mechanical Aspects

Week 1 Assignment – 1 solution

1 In mechanical design of heat exchanger 1

A Area of heat transfer is computed.
B Thickness of tubes is computed
C Number of tubes is computed.
D None of the above

2 Site-wide utility system includes 1

A Cooling tower
B Boiler house
C Both of the above
D None of the above

3 Structural group of equipments includes 1

A Pressure vessel
B Support
C Both of the above
D None of the above

4 IS: 2825-1969 is applicable for design of pressure vessel, if 1

A Vessel is operated at 29MN/m2
B Vessel is operated at 19MN/m2
C Both of the above
D None of the above

5 While standing strain generated in your shoes is 1

A Negative
B Positive
C Any of the above
D None of the above

6 If stress and strain follow linear law 1

A Elastic modulus is applicable
B Poison’s ratio is applicable
C Any of the above
D None of the above

7 When a 3D object is loaded in x-direction only, which statement is true? 1

A Positive strain is generated in x-direction
B Negative strain is generated in y-direction
C Negative strain is generated in z-direction
D All of the above
8 Maximum Poison’s ratio is for 1
A Iron
B Nickel
C Steel
D Aluminium

9 Permanent failure occurs between 1

A Elastic limit point and yield stress
B Yield stress and ultimate stress
C Both of the above
D None of the above

10 Which amongst the following is a mechanical property of material? 1

A Rigidity
B Ductility
C Hardness
D All of the above

11 A thin cylindrical shell having 2m inner diameter and 5m length is being operated at 5
2MN/m2 (g) pressure. Compute the thickness of shell if allowable stress of material is
300MN/m2.
A 0.0035 m
B 0.007 m
C 0.005 m
D None of the above

Solution:
This is similar to the problem solved in lecture 2-3 (slide no. 29)
Di = 2 m
L=5m
P = 2 MN/m2 (g)
σ = 300 MN/m2
𝑃𝐷𝑖
𝜎1 = − (1)
2𝑡
𝑃𝐷𝑖2
𝜎2 = ; where 𝐷 = 𝐷𝑖 + 𝑡 − (2)
4𝑡𝐷
From equation (1), t = (1.05x2x2)/(2x300) = 0.007 m
From equation (2), t = (1.05x2x2x2)/(4x300x(2+t))
Solving the above equation, t = 0.0035 m
Hence the final thickness should be 0.007 m
12 Which statement is true? 1
A Working pressure is greater than design pressure
B Design temperature is greater than maximum permissible temperature
C Allowable stress is greater than damaging stress
D None of the above

13 Which statement is true? 1

A Design temperature is required to find allowable stress
B Design temperature can be lesser than 250C
C Both of the above
D None of the above

14 Which statement is true? 1

A Allowable stress is greater than maximum permissible stress
B Allowable stress is greater than damaging stress
C Both of the above
D None of the above

15 If the unheated vessel is used to store a liquid at 300C, what should be the design 1
temperature?
A Greater than 300C
B Lesser than 300C
C Equal to 300C
D None of the above

16 If minimum thickness of the shell is greater than 30mm, corrosion allowance is 2

A 3mm
B 1.5mm
C 2mm
D None of the above

17 Lame’s analysis is used for shell design of vessel when it is operated with 1
A Internal pressure
B External pressure
C Both of the above
D None of the above

18 Design of shell for internal pressure is controlled by 1

A Longitudinal stress
B Radial stress
C Tangential stress
D None of the above

19 If a vessel, having minimum thickness of 10mm, is designed for petroleum industry, its 2
 standard thickness should be
A 14mm
B 13mm
C 12mm
D None of the above

20 A pressure vessel with outer diameter of 3 and length of 20m is to be operated at 5

maximum working pressure of 1.2 MN/m2 (g). The vessel is made of IS 2002-1962 Grade
2B and its design temperature is 475C. Corrosion allowance is 2mm. It is Class 2 vessel
having single welded butt joint with backing strip is used. Determine the thickness of
shell.
A 63mm
B 59mm
C 40mm
D None of the above

Solution:
Maximum operating pressure (g) = 1.2 MN/m2
Outer diameter of shell, Do = 3 m
Length of shell, L = 20 m
Allowable stress, f = 3.6 * 9.807 = 35.31 MN/m2 (at design temperature)
Corrosion allowance = 2 mm
Weld joint efficiency factor, J = 0.9; for single welded butt joint with back strip in Class
2 vessel (taken from data)
Design pressure, P = 1.05 * 1.2 = 1.26 MN/m2
𝑃𝐷𝑂
Thickness of the vessel, 𝑡 = 2𝑓𝐽+𝑃
= 0.05833 𝑚

t with corrosion allowance = 58.33 mm

Therefore, t standard, ts = 63 mm (from Table B-1)