Question 1 :

Find the equation of a straight line passing through the mid-point of a line segment
joining the points (1, -5) , (4, 2) and parallel to :

(i) X axis (ii) Y axis

Solution :

Midpoint of the line segment = (x1 + x2)/2, (y1 + y2)/2

= (1 + 4)/2 , (-5 + 2)/2

= (5/2, -3/2)

(i) The required line is passing through the point (5/2, -3/2) and parallel to x axis.

If the line is parallel to x-axis, then slope of the required line = 0.

(y - y1) = m (x - x1)

y + (3/2) = 0(x - (5/2))

(2y + 3) /2 = 0

2y + 3 = 0

Hence the require line parallel to x-axis is 2y + 3 = 0.

(ii) The required line is passing through the point (5/2, -3/2) and parallel to x axis.

If the line is parallel to y-axis, then slope of the required line = undefined.

(y - y1) = m (x - x1)
 y + (3/2) = (1/0)(x - (5/2))

x - (5/2) = 0

2x - 5 = 0

Hence the required line parallel to y-axis is 2x - 5 = 0.

Question 2 :

The equation of a straight line is 2(x −y)+ 5 = 0 . Find its slope, inclination and
intercept on the Y axis.

Solution :

2(x - y) + 5 = 0

2x - 2y + 5 = 0

2y = 2x + 5

y = (2/2)x + (5/2)

y = x + (5/2)

Slope (m) = 1

Angle of inclination :

m=1

tan θ = 1

θ = 450

Intercept of y - axis :
 y-intercept (c) = 5/2

Question 3 :

Find the equation of a line whose inclination is 30˚ and making an intercept -3 on
the Y axis.

Solution :

θ = 30˚

m = tanθ

m = tan 30 = 1/√3

intercept on y - axis = -3

Equation of the line :

y=mx+c

y = (1/√3)x + (-3)

y = (x/√3) - 3

√3y = x - 3

x - √3y - 3 = 0

Question 4 :

Find the slope and y intercept of √3x +(1 − √3)y = 3 .

Solution :
√3x +(1 − √3)y = 3

By comparing the given equation with the form y = mx + c, we get slope and y-
intercept.

(1 − √3)y = 3 - √3x

y = (-√3x + 3)/(1 − √3)

y = [-√3/(1 − √3)] x + 3/(1 − √3)

Slope = -√3/(1 − √3)

= [ √3/(√3-1) ] (√3+1)/(√3+1)

= √3(√3+1)/(√3-1)(√3+1)

= (3 + √3)/2

y-intercept = 3/(1 − √3)

= [3/(1 − √3)][(1 + √3)/(1+√3)]

= 3(1+√3)/(1 - 3)

= (-3 - 3√3)/2