64 Work, Energy, Power and Collision

1. How much work does a pulling force of 40 N do on 8. The slope of kinetic energy displacement curve of
the 20 kg box in pulling it 8 m across the floor at a a particle in motion is
constant speed. The pulling force is directed at 60° (a) Equal to the acceleration of the particle
above the horizontal
(b) Inversely proportional to the acceleration
(a) 160 J (b) 277 J
(c) Directly proportional to the acceleration
(c) 784 J (d) None of the above
(d) None of the above
2. A horizontal force of 5 N is required to maintain a
9. The energy required to accelerate a car from 10
velocity of 2 m/s for a block of 10 kg mass sliding
m/s to 20 m/s is how many times the energy
over a rough surface. The work done by this force
required to accelerate the car from rest to 10 m/s
in one minute is
(a) 600 J (b) 60 J (a) Equal (b) 4 times
(c) 6 J (d) 6000 J (c) 2 times (d) 3 times
3. Work done in time t on a body of mass m which is 10. A body of mass 2 kg slides down a curved track
accelerated from rest to a speed v in time t1 as a which is quadrant of a circle of radius 1 metre. All
function of time t is given by the surfaces are frictionless. If the body starts
from rest, its speed at the bottom of the track is
1 v 2 v 2
(a) m t (b) m t
2 t1 t1
(a) 4.43 m/sec
2 2
1  mv  2 1 v 2 (b) 2 m/sec
(c)   t (d) m t
2  t1  2 t12 (c) 0.5 m/sec 1
m
4. What is the shape of the graph between the speed (d) 19.6 m/sec
and kinetic energy of a body 11. The kinetic energy of a body decreases by 36%.
1m
(a) Straight line (b) Hyperbola The decrease in its momentum is
(c) Parabola (d) Exponential (a) 36% (b) 20%
5. When a body moves with some friction on a (c) 8% (d) 6%
surface
12. A bomb of mass 3m kg explodes into two pieces of
(a) It loses kinetic energy but momentum is
mass m kg and 2m kg. If the velocity of m kg mass
constant
is 16 m/s, the total kinetic energy released in the
(b) It loses kinetic energy but gains potential explosion is
energy
(a) 192 mJ (b) 96 mJ
(c) Kinetic energy and momentum both decrease
(d) Mechanical energy is conserved (c) 384 mJ (d) 768 mJ
6. A bullet of mass m moving with velocity v strikes a 13. Which one of the following statement does not
suspended wooden block of mass M. If the block hold good when two balls of masses m1 and m2
rises to a height h, the initial velocity of the block undergo elastic collision
will be
M m (a) When m1  m2 and m2 at rest, there will be
(a) 2gh (b) 2gh maximum transfer of momentum
m
m M m (b) When m1  m2 and m2 at rest, after
(c) 2gh (d) 2gh
M m M collision the ball of mass m2 moves with four
7. There will be decrease in potential energy of the times the velocity of m1
system, if work is done upon the system by
(a) Any conservative or non-conservative force (c) When m1  m2 and m2 at rest, there will be
(b) A non-conservative force maximum transfer of K.E.
(c) A conservative force (d) When collision is oblique and m2 at rest with
(d) None of the above m1  m2 , after collision the balls move in
opposite directions
 65 Work, Energy, Power and Collision
14. A neutron travelling with a velocity v and K.E. E (c) All the six balls in the row will roll out with
collides perfectly elastically head on with the speed v/6 each and the two colliding balls will
nucleus of an atom of mass number A at rest. The come to rest
fraction of total energy retained by neutron is (d) The colliding balls will come to rest and no ball
2 2 rolls out from right
 A  1  A  1
(a)   (b)   17. A wooden block of mass M rests on a horizontal
 A  1  A  1 surface. A bullet of mass m moving in the
2 2 horizontal direction strikes and gets embedded in
 A  1  A  1 it. The combined system covers a distance x on
(c)   (d)  
 A   A  the surface. If the coefficient of friction between
wood and the surface is  , the speed of the
15. A body of mass m1 moving with uniform velocity bullet at the time of striking the block is (where m
of 40 m/s collides with another mass m2 at rest is mass of the bullet)
and then the two together begin to move with 2Mg 2mg
uniform velocity of 30 m/s. The ratio of their (a) (b)
m Mx
m1
masses is  M  m 2mx
m2 (c) 2gx  (d)
 m  M m
(a) 0.75 (b) 1.33 18. A ball moving with speed v hits another identical
(c) 3.0 (d) 4.0 ball at rest. The two balls stick together after
collision. If specific heat of the material of the balls
16. Six identical balls are lined in a straight groove is S, the temperature rise resulting from the
made on a horizontal frictionless surface as collision is [Roorkee 1999]
shown. Two similar balls each moving with a
velocity v collide elastically with the row of 6 balls v2 v2
(a) (b)
from left. What will happen 8S 4S
v2 v2
 (c) (d)
v 2S S
19. A bag of sand of mass M is suspended by a string.
A bullet of mass m is fired at it with velocity v and
gets embedded into it. The loss of kinetic energy
in this process is
1 1 1
(a) One ball from the right rolls out with a speed (a) mv2 (b) mv2 
2 2 M m
2v and the remaining balls will remain at rest
1 M 1  M 
(b) Two balls from the right roll out with speed v (c) mv2  (d) mv2 
each and the remaining balls will remain 2 m 2  M  m
stationary
 Work, Energy, Power and Collision 66

(SET -6)

 
1. (a) W  F .s  40 8  cos60  160J

dE 1 dv dv dt a
2. (a) W  F  s  F  v t  5  2  60  600J  m 2v  mv   mv  ma
dx 2 dx dt dx v
1 2
3. (d) Work done = F  s  ma at 9. (d) Kinetic energy for first condition
2
 1 2 =
1
 1
 
m v22  v12  m 202  102 = 150mJ 
froms  ut  2 at  2 2
 
K.E. for second condition =
2
1
2
2 2 1  v
W= ma t  m  t2
2  t1 
1
2

m102  02  50mJ 
 v (K .E.)I 150m
 As a     3
 t1  (K .E.)II 50m

1 1
4. (c) Kinetic energy k  mv2  k  v2 10. (a) By conservation of energy, mgh mv2
2 2
It means the graph between the speed and 
kinetic energy will parabola v 2gh  2  9.8  1  19.6  4.43 m/s

5. (c) Friction is a non-conservative external force to 11. (b) P  2 mE  P E

the system, it decreases momentum and
kinetic energy both. In given problem K.E. becomes 64% of the
original value.
6. (a) Initial K.E. of block when bullet strikes to it

1 P2 E2 64E
 (m M )V 2    0.8  P2  0.8 P
2 P1 E1 100E
Due to this K.E. block will rise to a height h.  P2  80% of the original value.
Its potential energy = (m M )gh. i.e. decrease in momentum is 20%.
By the law of conservation of energy 12. (a)
vA vB
1 m 2m
(m  M ) V 2  (m  M )gh  V  2gh
A B
2
By the conservation of momentum,
7. (c) mAvA  mBvB
1
8. (c) E  mv2. Differentiating w.r.t. x, we get  m 16  2m vB  vB  8 m/s
2
1 1
Kinetic energy of system = mAv2A  mBvB
2
2 2
 67 Work, Energy, Power and Collision
1 1 1 1  mv 
2
  m (16)2   (2m)  82  192m J  (M  m) V 2  (m  M )   =
2 2 2 2  M  m
13. (b,d) When m1  m2 and m2 at rest, after 1 m2v2
collision the ball of mass m2 moves with 2 (m  M )
This kinetic energy goes against friction work
double the velocity of u1 . So option (b) is
done by friction = R  x   (m  M )g  x
incorrect.
By the law of conservation of energy
When collision is oblique and m2 at rest with 1 m2v2
  (m  M )g  x 
m1  m2 , after collision the ball moves in 2 (m  M )
2
perpendicular direction. So option (d) is also  m M 
incorrect. v2  2gx  
 m 
14. (a) m2 = A
m1 = 1  M  m
 v 2gx  
 m 
Neutron Nucleus at rest At rest
18. (a) v V
2 2 m m 2m
 k   m  m2  1 A 
    1    
 k  retained  m1  m2   1 A  Before collision After collision

15. (c) Initial momentum = mv

40m/s
m1 m2 30m/ Final momentum = 2mV
m1+m2 s
At rest By the conservation of momentum,
mv  2mV
Initial momentum of the system =
m1  40  m2  0 v
 V
2
Final momentum of the system =
(m1  m2 )  30
By the law of conservation of momentum ***
m1  40  m2  0  (m1  m2 ) 30

 40m1  30m1  30m2  10m1  30m2 =

m1
3
m2
16. (b) Momentum and kinetic energy is conserved
only in this case.

17. (c)
v
V
M
m
x

Let speed of the bullet = v

Speed of the system after the collision = V
K.E. of the system after the collision =
By conservation of momentum 2
mv (m  M )V 1
 2m  v 
2  2
mv
 V
M m 1 1 1
 loss in K.E.  mv2  mv2  mv2
So the initial K.E. acquired by the system 2 4 4
This loss in K.E. will increase the temperature
 Work, Energy, Power and Collision 68

1 v2
 2m s  t  mv2  t 
4 8s
19. (d)

m v V
M
m+M
At rest
1
Initial kinetic energy of bullet = mv2
2
After inelastic collision system moves with
velocity V
By the conservation of momentum
mv
mv 0  (m  M )V  V 
m M
1
Kinetic energy of system = (m M ) V 2
2
2
1  mv 
= (m  M )  
2  m M 
Loss of kinetic energy =
2
1 1  mv 
mv2  (m  M )  
2 2  m M 

1  M 
= mv2  
2  m M 