Introduction

Development of computers in the modern society and associated with it computerization of

education is characterized by a massive proliferation of information and communication
technologies (ICTs). ICT can be used for information exchange and interaction between a
teacher and a pupil in the modern education system. As such, not only the teacher must
master the ICT technology, but also to be an expert in applying it in his or her professional
activities. “It is a technological world in which children are often more comfortable than their
parents and teachers”. Computerization of educational achieves two strategic objectives.

First, it improves the efficiency of all types of educational activities through the use of ICT
tools and technologies.

Second, it improves the quality of training enhancing it with a new type of thinking which is
relevant to the requirements of the information society. Using methods and means of
information, future professionals must be able to get answers as to what information
resources are available, where they are, how they can be accessed and how they can be used
to improve their professional activities.

Importance of computer education in student’s life:-

Computer education in schools plays an important role in student’s career development.

Computer with the internet is the most powerful device that students can use to learn new
skills and more advanced version of current lessons. The uses of computers and the internet
are growing day by day at high speed. In almost all business, companies, schools using
computers for various official operations. New tech tools are coming that helping students to
learn better.

Computers help students to draw creativity on the computer such as by using windows paint
program. If students are taking Hindi Classes or poem writing then they can do it by typing in
Hindi on computers. If students are taking Mathematical classes they can use Microsoft Excel
application to solve and understand questions.

Parents want their kids to be intelligent and creative. They want to see high marks at the end
of the year. They don’t want to see their kids don’t know about computers when other knows
very well. They want to send their kids to schools where the high level of education and
schools have enough IT infrastructures.

That’s why especially private schools are leading in education and taking higher fees because
of the importance of computers education. But not all parents are able to admit their students
in costly schools.

Computers and the internet not only help students to explore creativity and imagination but
also help to understand technologies. Students are future leaders for any nation. Current
school students are future doctors, engineers, entrepreneurs. So, for education development, it
is really important to teach students in schools about computers, the internet, and its benefits.

In schools, computer education is one the most important subject if you compare this is with
current technological updates and demands of computer knowledge in various government
and private sectors jobs. In schools it is really important for computer teachers to teach
students about How to use computers, How to understand, the benefits of using a various
application such as Microsoft word, excel, PowerPoint, Internet safety etc.

I know most of the schools are trying to do this. But they are teaching students in schools
about computers more theoretically than practical education.

As you know that many developed countries are providing computer applications and high-
quality IT infrastructure for schools. The goal of technological education is to make students
better thinkers, creative and confident. That helps them in higher education and in
life. Education play very important role in our life and career development.

Just think that why developed countries such as America, Japan, China, Russia etc. leading
the world in many things such as technologies, sports, employment, nuclear weapons, etc.?
Just think that why some countries are more powerful and dominating developing nations?

I think because they are providing high-quality technological tools, IT infrastructure in

schools and colleges. They are paying a high salary for computer teachers. In Developed
countries there is ease of doing business for new people. That’s why there are people who
created Google, Facebook, Linked In, YouTube etc. This is because of the level of computer
literacy in their society and in people. People in developed countries are taking initiative in
almost everything.
If you compare this to India our people here are busier in talking about politics and corruption
instead of doing something becoming better than yesterday. The level of computer education
in India is very low. You can check this: that even a high percentage of MCA pass out
students doesn’t know about how to create a simple website. We are implementing almost
everything from other countries instead of creating something that is for India and developed
in India.

Our computer teachers are on strikes most of the time. They are helpless because of policies
produce to them by less computer literate people such as politicians. Computer education in
schools provided by private companies, CEO and operators are known or linked up with
politicians. There is no law and quality testing system of computer education in schools.

Our students in schools are still using Windows XP and CRT monitors. They are learning a
more theoretical portion of the computer then practical knowledge of computers and the
internet. It is because of the less  IT infrastructure. That’s why the level of computer
education and creativity in students towards computers and technologies is very low as you
compare it with other countries.

Why is this happening? The simple and most trending answer is corruption. But let it be!

What we need to do is to empower and educate our kids and students. We need to educate
them to become more powerful, creative and confident that they can lead India. Let’s first
MAKE INDIA then MAKE IN INDIA.

Our government is also trying to improve the education level but not fully focused on
education and for the development of unemployed youth. Industrialization is not only one
formula or overseas investment we can believe that it can lower down the rate of unemployed
educated youth of India. It can help but only for a few people who are highly skilled and have
enough money to invest to get a job. Yes, there are many skills India kind of programs run by
the government of India but the level of education or supply of high-quality individual is
lower than the demands.

I saw a few videos and programs in which the Delhi government is taking high imitative by
improving the level of schools education in government schools. Maybe I am right that the
Delhi government is providing more budget to improve education infrastructure and level of
quality education in schools. That’s great! Even I saw they are investigating schools and staff
to check and remove the black holes in the education system. That’s the thing that other states
of India or education authority should learn. Education is the only way that can remove
corruption from our country.

So, that’s why it’s really important that students don’t feel dominated because of lack of IT
education.

Advantage of having computer in education:-

Development has been a major quest of people’s lives for quite some time. Technological
developments have influenced all sectors of our lives including communication,
transportation, health and education. It has caused significant changes to human lives it’s
either, positive or a negative change.

Using computer at schools brings significant role among students and teachers. Children can
now access Global libraries such as online video tutorials, free e-books, and FAQ forums
where they can grasp concepts easily. Without the computer, students have to rely on books
given in the classroom or in the libraries. And if they don’t understand the material, they only
have limited resources in studying.

With the internet, the whole world opened an infinite amount of useful and relevant
information. Students can find many different ways to solve a certain problem given to them.
Through computer and internet, they can interact with people having same issues and can
learn from each other.

Computers have supplied infinite resources for learning and made education more flexible
and easy to access. Students can now gain knowledge and information not only from
classroom assignments and libraries but also from available online resources. Video tutorials,
free or paid e-books and several forums also contribute in the resources that are needed by the
students.

Huge and organized storage of information is another characteristic of a computer. Teachers

and students can download and store large amounts of lecture notes, presentation and other
educational materials. Education made readily available to everyone and provided by
facilities because people can learn at their convenience.

Apart from the mentioned advantages, computers also influenced students’ personal
interaction with their classmates and mentors. As assignments and reports can be done online,
there’s no need to do the traditional way of presentation. Computers ensure the accuracy of
teaching text materials as it has a word processing software that provide spelling and
grammar checking tool.

The more teachers know about computers, the more they can teach the students in a proper
way. Knowledge of both teachers and students should not stuck in computers only, they
should also learn the access of Internet.

Quicker communication using computers in education is another impact why technology is

important in school. Parents will know the progress of their children through computer and
internet. They can check the examination results of their children as well as attendance
reports and their curricular and non-curricular activities.

Schools should provide their students the opportunity to access the Internet and the World
Wide Web; it will help them to develop the knowledge about the current technology. The use
of computers is quite necessary because it helps people to maintain the real world
opportunities.

Computer technology can’t be underestimated, as it continues to evolve in schools and

workplace. It made the access and the provisions of the education services easier, convenient
to handle and cheaper. It also made the life of the teacher comfortable in handling classes and
creating teaching materials. Computers have revolutionized education and it is leading to the
bright future.

CAI-A new approach in the field of education:-

In the field of instructions, a computer plays a major role. In these computer assisted
instructions, in interacts directly with the learners while presenting lessons. The computer
delivers instructions directly to students and permits them to interact with the computer
through the lessons programmed in the system. There are various instructional modes which
can be facilitate by computer assisted instruction (CAI).

1) Tutorial Mode - In tutorial information, is presented in small units followed by a questions.

The pupils’ response is analyzed by the computer and appropriate feedback is given. A
network of branches or pathways can be programmed to each. The pupils are allowed to work
on their own pace. The more alternative programs available to the computers, the more
adaptive the tutorials can be to individual differences.
2) Drill of practice - In this mode, the program leads the learner through a series of examples
to develop dexterity and fluency in using the skill. All correct responses are reinforced. Only
on achieving the mastery by the learner, the computer with proceed further.

3) Discovery Mode – Here, inductive approach is followed. The problems are presented and
the pupil solves problems through trial and error. It is just like laboratory learning. It aims at
the deeper understanding of the results obtained from discovery. Hence, complex problems
can be solved.

4) Gaming Mode – This mode may or may not be instructional but it is recreational.
Sometimes learning takes place through games. This mode is especially meant for young
children.

5) Simulation Mode – Here the pupil faces scaled down approximation of a real life
situations. Hence, realistic practice takes place without involving any risk.

6) Problem Solving Mode - problem solving can be readily achieved provided the typical
computational capability of the computer is available and there is a typewriter and display
response device with remote control of two-way communication. The students need to know
how to communicate with computer and how to solve his problem. Hence, the computer
assisted or aided instruction may be defined as the use of a computer as an integral part of an
instructional system, the learner generally engaging in two-way interaction with the computer
via programming. In computer, linear and branching programmed learning is used. It meets
and mid of many student it functions like a super machine. It interacts with the pupils. The
computer keeps the record of each pupil’s responses. On the basis of these responses it is
further decided which information’s are to be provided to the students. In case of incurrent
response, the computer also hints at correct response.

7) Inquiry Mode – In this CAI system responds to student inquiry with answers it has stored.
In this mode instructional staff must learn how the system operates.

8) Author Mode - CAI is used to support instruction by generating sets of materials for a
student’s use. In generating concept learning materials, these might be sentence forms which
have blanks in them each of which is to be filled by a word or a set of word, i.e., inserted into
the blanks by computer according to the set or instructions.
9) Logo – This system was developed by Far-seeing and Paper at MIT. Logo is simple
programming language which can be taught to children. This programme provides
instructions which can be used to produce picture on screen. The children who learn LOGO,
make up their own programs to draw flowers of faces or generate designs on the screen.

Basic Assumptions of CAI

1) CAI can be arranged for 4000 students simultaneously. It can cope with the problem of
quality and quantity in education.

2) One can learn at his own pace, receives immediate and personalized feedback, i.e.,
completely individualized instruction.

3) In CAI, each learner’s performance during the course and on the test is automatically
recorded and can be feedback to the teacher so that he may promptly evaluate the learner’s
performance and use the data in designing the best teaching strategy for the learners in future.

4) It can used in all types of teaching learning programmers. Any lesson in any subject can
be programmed for CAI provided that the lesson aerial can be represented in words, picture
and experiments to be presented to the students.

Ten Reasons Why Your Students NEED Technology in the Classroom

1) If used correctly, mobile devices and the applications they support, will help prepare
students for their future careers.

2) Integrating technology into the classroom is an effective way to connect with students of
all learning styles.

3) It gives students the opportunity to enhance the interaction with their classmates and
instructors by encouraging collaboration.

high school students using technology in the classroom

4) Using technology in the classroom gives teachers and other faculty members the
opportunity to develop their student's digital citizenship skills. It's one thing to use mobile
devices, it's a completely other thing to know how to use them correctly and responsibly.
5) Integrating technology in education helps students stay engaged. Most students today have
been using mobile devices like tablets and smartphones to play and learn since they could
crawl. So it only seems logical to align today's classrooms with the way that your students
want and are used to learning.

6) Combining new tech like VR (virtual reality) with traditional classroom instruction is one
example of how the introduction of new technology can enhance the learning experience and
create new opportunities.

7) When mobile technology is readily available and performing correctly in the classroom,
students are able to access the most up-to-date information quicker and easier than ever
before.

8) The traditional passive learning model is broken. With technology in the classroom the
teacher becomes the encourager, adviser, and coach.

9) Technology helps students be more responsible. Owning your own device or borrowing
the school's devices gives students the opportunity to improve their decision making skills as
well as taking ownership of a valuable (and often times expensive) device. Again, this needs
to be complemented by proper digital citizenship training to see the best results.

10) Technology transforms the learning experience. Students have access to an incredible

amount of new opportunities. From learning how to code to learning how to better
collaborate across teams and with their instructors--technology empowers students to be more
creative and be more connected. New tech has super-charged how we learn today.

If your school is still debating how technology can benefit your students, teachers and
administrators, I hate to break it to you, but the future of education is already here and you're
missing an unbelievable amount of opportunities.

Conclusion

Schooland teachers do understand thebasic need for introducing computers and are also ready t
o invest themselves in the effort, as shown inKerala.For computer education to have any meani
ngful impact, it requires complete engagement andownership of the teachers who are responsib
le for the basic functions and activties in the schools. . Suchengagement itself requires that we a
ccord centrality to the role of the teacher in CLPS as we haveaccepted in other areas of the teac
hing and learning activities. This means that the basic preparatory processes  of  training
 should  be  handled  in­house  through  the regular  system  of  teacher  training.
Secondly the ability to freely share and modify the software as required  both at the macro state 
level(such as making customised distributions on the state languages) as well as micro levels of
 districtthrough to school (writing simple extensions and applets, creating educational content) 
will help in making   computer   learning   deeper   and   more   meaningful.  Without   such  
engagement computer.education in schools will continue to be unconnected and irrelevant to th
e school and its purpose andachieve no major results other than fulfilling financial expenditure 
targetsi

References:-

1. Consultation on 'National Policy on ICTs in School Education' , 29th­30th April 2008, 
New Delhi , Workshop Report.
2. DIETs­ Potential and Possibilities, Consultation report by the District Quality Educatio
n Project, in collaboration with MHRD. 2007 .
3. DIETS: A comparative study in three Indian states, by Caroline Dyer with Archana Ch
oksi, for DFID.
4. Economic Impact of Free and Open Source Software ­ A Study in India,  Professor Rah
ul De', Indian Institute Of Management Bangalore
5. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Human_Resource_Development
6. Report on School visit –
Padma Viswanathan, student MA in Elementary Education, TISS (unpublished)
Study of the Azim Premji Foundation  CALP (Computer Aided Learning Program) by 
Vidya Bhawan Society
Computerization of Secondary Schools in India

Paper- Problems of Secondary Education (EDM1013)

Name- Mehebub Alam

Roll- 19 EDM 16
Enrol.No –GJ6357
M A 1st Semester

Under Supervision of

Dr. Poonam Chouhan

Associate professor,
Department of Education
Aligarh Muslim University