KRISTIAN KARL B.

KIW-IS BSN II DRUG STUDY OCTOBER 11 2019

DRUG: INDICATION: ACTION: CONTRAINDI SIDE EFFECTS: NURSING implications:
CATION:
Penicilli To reduce the The mechanism of A history of a injection site Obtain a history to determine
nG development of action of penicillin. hypersensitivit reactions (pain, previous use of and reactions
drug-resistant Penicillin acylates the y redness, swelling, to penicillin’s, cephalosporins,
bacteria and active site of Bacillus (anaphylactic) bruising, or or other beta-lactam
maintain the stearothermophilus reaction to irritation), antibiotics. Persons with a
effectiveness of D-alanine any penicillin twitching or negative history of penicillin
Penicillin G carboxypeptidase. is a muscle spasm, sensitivity may still have an
Procaine and Penicillin kills contraindicati overactive allergic response.
other susceptible bacteria on. Solutions reflexes, ● Obtain specimens for
antibacterial by specifically containing mild skin rash, culture and sensitivity before
drugs, Penicillin inhibiting the dextrose may nausea, initiating therapy. First dose
G Procaine transpeptidase that be vomiting, may be given before receiving
should be used catalyzes the final contraindicate upset stomach, results.
only to treat or step in cell wall d in patients diarrhea, ● Observe patient for signs
prevent biosynthesis, the with known black or hairy and symptoms of anaphylaxis
infections that cross-linking of allergy to corn tongue, (rash, pruritus, laryngeal
are proven or peptidoglycan or corn fever, edema, wheezing).
strongly products. chills, Discontinue drug and notify
suspected to be muscle pain, physician or other health care
caused by headache, professional immediately if
susceptible fast heart rate, these symptoms occur.
bacteria. hyperventilation, Keep epinephrine, an
flushing, antihistamine, and
low blood resuscitation equipment close
pressure, and by in case of an anaphylactic
Allergic reactions reaction.
(including itching,
rash, and
anaphylaxis).
Clindam PO, IM, IV: Inhibits protein Hypersensitivi CNS: dizziness, ● Assess for infection (vital
ycin Treatment of: synthesis in ty; Regional headache, vertigo. signs; appearance of wound,
Skin and skin susceptible bacteria enteritis or CV: arrhythmias, sputum, urine, and stool;
structure at the level of the 50S ulcerative hypotension. GI: WBC) at beginning of and
infections, ribosome. colitis (topical PSEUDOMEMBRA during therapy.
Respiratory Therapeutic Effects: foam); NOUS COLITIS, ● Obtain specimens for
tract infections, Bactericidal or Previous diarrhea, bitter culture and sensitivity prior to
Septicemia, bacteriostatic, pseudomembr taste (IV only), initiating therapy. First dose
Intra- depending on anous colitis; nausea, may be given before receiving
abdominal susceptibility and Severe liver vomiting.Derm:ras results.
infections, concentration. impairment; h. Local: local ● Monitor bowel elimination.
Gynecologic Spectrum: Active Diarrhea; irritation (topical Diarrhea, abdominal
infections, against most gram- Known products), cramping, fever, and bloody
Osteomyelitis, positive aerobic cocci, alcohol phlebitis at IV site. stools should be reported to
Endocarditis including: intolerance health care professional
prophylaxis. Staphylococci,Strepto (topical promptly as a sign of
Topical Severe coccus pneumoniae, solution, pseudomembranous colitis.
acne. Vag: other streptococci, suspension). This may begin up to several
Bacterial but not enterococci. Use weeks following the cessation
vaginosis. Has good activity Cautiously in: of therapy.
KRISTIAN KARL B. KIW-IS BSN II DRUG STUDY OCTOBER 11 2019
Unlabeled Use: against those OB: Safety not ● Assess patient for
PO, IM, IV: anaerobic bacteria established hypersensitivity (skin rash,
Treatment of that cause bacterial for systemic urticaria)
Pneumocystis vaginosis, including and topical;
carinii Bacteroides fragilis, approved
pneumonia, Gardnerella vaginalis, for vaginal use
CNS Mobiluncus spp, in 3rd
toxoplasmosis, Mycoplasma hominis, trimester of
and babesiosis. and Corynebacterium. pregnancy;
Also active against P. Lactation: Has
jirovecii and been used
Toxoplasma gondii. safely but
appears in
breast milk
and exposes
infant to drug
and its side
effects.
Treatment of a Binds to bacterial cell Hypersensitivi CNS: Assess for infection (vital
variety of wall, causing cell ty to SEIZURES(high signs; appearance of wound,
infections death; spectrum of penicillins or doses).GI: sputum, urine, and stool;
including: Skin amoxicillin is broader clavulanate; PSEUDOMEMBRA WBC) at beginning of and
and skin than penicillin. Suspension NOUS COLITIS, throughout therapy.
structure Clavulanate resists and chewable diarrhea, hepatic ● Obtain a history before
infections, action of beta- tablets dysfunction, initiating therapy to
Otitis media, lactamase, an enzyme contain nausea, vomiting. determine previous use of and
Sinusitis, produced by bacteria aspartame GU: vaginal reactions to penicillins or
Respiratory that is capable of and should be candidiasis. Derm: cephalosporins. Persons with
tract infections, inactivating some avoided in rash, urticaria. a negative history of penicillin
Genitourinary penicillins. phenylketonur Hemat: blood sensitivity may still have an
tract infections. Therapeutic Effects: ics; dyscrasias. Misc: allergic response.
Bactericidal action History of allergic reactions ● Observe for signs and
against susceptible amoxicillin/cla including symptoms of anaphylaxis
bacteria. Spectrum: vulanate- ANAPHYLAXIS and (rash, pruritus, laryngeal
Active against: associated SERUM edema, wheezing). Notify
Streptococci, cholestatic SICKNESS, health care professional
Pneumococci, jaundice. superinfection. immediately if these occur.
Enterococci, Use ● Obtain specimens for
Haemophilus Cautiously in: culture and sensitivity prior to
influenzae, Severe renal therapy. First dose may be
Escherichia coli, insufficiency given before receiving results.
Proteus mirabilis, (dosepnecess ● Monitor bowel function.
Neisseria ary); Diarrhea, abdominal
meningitidis, N. Infectious cramping, fever, and Bloody
gonorrhoeae, mononucleosi stools should be reported to
Staphylococcus s (qrisk of health care professional
aureus, rash); Hepatic promptly as a sign of
Klebsiella impairment pseudomembranous colitis.
pneumoniae,Shigella, (dose May begin up to several
Salmonella,Moraxella cautiously, weeks
catarrhalis. following cessation of therapy
KRISTIAN KARL B. KIW-IS BSN II DRUG STUDY OCTOBER 11 2019
monitor liver
function).
Zinc So4 Replacement Serves as a cofactor Hypersensitivi GI:gastric Monitor progression of zinc
and for many enzymatic ty or allergy to irritation (oral use deficiency symptoms
supplementatio reactions. Required any only), nausea, (impaired wound
n therapy in for normal growth components vomiting healing,growth retardation,
patients who andtissue repair, in formula- decreased sense of taste,
are at risk for wound healing, and tion; decreased sense of smell)
zinc defi-ciency, senses of taste and Pregnancy or duringtherapy
including smell.Therapeutic lactation
patients on Effects:Replacement (supplemental
long-term in deficiency states amounts
parenteral
nutrition.Unlab RDA for
eled pregnant or
Use:Manageme lactatingpatie
nt of impaired nts);
wound healing Preparations
due to zinc containing
deficiency benzyl alcohol
should not be
used in
neonates.Use
Cautiouslyin:R
enal failur
Salbuta Used as a Binds to beta2- Hypersensitivi CNS: nervousness, Assess lung sounds, pulse, and
mol bronchodilator adrenergic receptors ty to restlessness, BP before administration and
to control and in airway smooth adrenergic tremor, headache, during peak of medication.
prevent muscle, leading to amines. insomnia (Pedi: Note amount, color, and
reversible activation of Use occurs more character of sputum
airway adenyl cyclase and Cautiously in: frequently in produced.
obstruction increased levels of Cardiac young children ● Monitor pulmonary function
caused cyclic-3, 5-adenosine disease; than adults), tests before initiating therapy
by asthma or monophosphate Hypertension; hyperactivity in and periodically during
COPD. Inhaln: (cAMP). Increases in Hyperthyroidi children. Resp: therapy.
Used as a cAMP activate sm; Diabetes; PARADOXICAL ● Observe for paradoxical
quick-relief kinases, which inhibit Glaucoma; BRONCHOSPASM bronchospasm (wheezing). If
agent for acute the phosphorylation Seizure (excessive use of condition occurs, withhold
bronchospasm of disorders; inhalers). CV:chest medication and notify health
and for myosin and decrease Excess inhaler pain, palpitations, care professional immediately.
prevention of intracellular calcium. use may lead angina,
exercise- Decreased to tolerance arrhythmias,
induced intracellular calcium and hypertension. GI:
bronchospasm. relaxes paradoxical nausea, vomiting.
PO: Used as a smooth muscle bronchospas Endo:
long-term airways. Relaxation of m; OB, hyperglycemia. F
control agent in airway smooth muscle Lactation, and E:
patients with with subsequent Pedi: Safety hypokalemia.Neur
chronic/persist bronchodilation. not o: tremor.
ent Relatively selective for established
bronchospasm. beta2 (pulmonary) for pregnant
KRISTIAN KARL B. KIW-IS BSN II DRUG STUDY OCTOBER 11 2019
receptors. women near
Therapeutic Effects: term, breast-
Bronchodilation. feeding
women, and
children

2 yr; Geri:qrisk
of adverse
reactions;
may require
dosep.
N- PO: Antidote PO: Decreases the Hypersensitivi CNS: drowsiness. Antidote in Acetaminophen
Acetylce for the buildup of a ty. CV: vasodilation, Overdose: Assess type,
istein management of hepatotoxic Use tachycardia, amount, and time of
potentially metabolite in Cautiously in: hypotension. acetaminophen ingestion.
hepatotoxic acetaminophen Severe EENT: rhinorrhea. Assess plasma acetaminophen
overdose of overdosage. IV: respiratory Resp: levels. Initial levels are
acetaminophen Decreases the buildup insufficiency, bronchospasm, drawn at least 4 hr after
(administer of a hepatotoxic asthma, or bronchial/tracheal ingestion of acetaminophen.
within 8– 10 metabolite in history of irritation, chest Plasma level determinations
hours [IV] or 24 acetaminophen bronchospas tightness,qsecreti may be difficult to interpret
hours [PO] of overdosage. Inhaln: m; History of ons. following ingestion of
ingestion). Degrades mucus, GI bleeding GI: nausea, extended-release
Inhaln: allowing easier (oral only); vomiting, preparations.
Mucolytic in mobilization and OB, Lactation: stomatitis. Derm: Do not wait for results to
the expectoration. Safety not rash, clamminess, administer dose. ● IV: Assess
management of Therapeutic Effects: established. pruritus, urticaria. for anaphylaxis. Erythema and
conditions PO: Prevention or Misc: allergic flushing are common, usually
associated with lessening of liver reactions occurring 30–60 min after
thick viscid damage following (primarily with IV), initiating infusion, and may
mucous acetaminophen including resolve with continued
secretions. overdose.Inhaln:Lowe ANAPHYLAXIS, administration. If rash,
Unlabeled Use: rs the viscosity of ANGIOEDEMA, hypotension, wheezing, or
Prevention of mucus. chills, fever. dyspnea occur, initiate
radiocontrast- treatment for anaphylaxis
induced renal (antihistamine and
dysfunction epinephrine).
(oral). Interrupt acetylcysteine
infusion until symptoms
resolve and restart carefully. If
anaphylaxsis recurs,
discontinue acetylcysteine and
use alternative form of
treatment. ● Assess patient
for nausea, vomiting, and
urticaria. Notify health care
professional if these occur. ●
Mucolytic: Assess respiratory
function (lung sounds,
dyspnea) and color,
KRISTIAN KARL B. KIW-IS BSN II DRUG STUDY OCTOBER 11 2019
amount, and consistency of
secretions before and
immediately following
treatment to determine
effectiveness of therapy
Cefuroxi Treatment of: Binds to bacterial cell Hypersensitivi CNS: SEIZURES Assess for infection (vital
me Respiratory wall membrane, ty to (high doses). GI: signs; appearance of wound,
tract infections, causing cell death. cephalosporin PSEUDOMEMBRA sputum, urine, and stool;
Skin and skin Therapeutic Effects: s; Serious NOUS COLITIS, WBC) at beginning of and
structure Bactericidal action hypersensitivit diarrhea, nausea, throughout therapy.
infections, against susceptible y vomiting, cramps. ● Before initiating therapy,
Bone bacteria. Spectrum: to penicillins Derm: rashes, obtain a history to determine
and joint Similar to that of Use urticaria, diaper previous use of and reactions
infections (IV), firstgeneration Cautiously in: dermatitis. to penicillins or
Urinary tract cephalosporins but Renal Hemat: bleeding, cephalosporins. Persons with
infections , has increased activity impairment eosinophilia, a negative history of penicillin
Gynecological against several other (dose hemolytic anemia, sensitivity may still have an
infections, gram-negative reduction/incr leukopenia. Local: allergic response.
Septicemia (IV), pathogens including: eased dosing pain at IM site, ● Obtain specimens for
Otitis media Haemophilus interval phlebitis at IV culture and sensitivity before
(PO), influenzae (including - recommended site.Misc:allergic initiating therapy. First dose
Meningitis (IV), lactamase-producing if CCr 20 reactions may be given before receiving
Lyme disease strains), Haemophilus mL/min); including results.
(PO). parainfluenzae, History of GI ANAPHYLAXIS, ● Observe patient for signs
Perioperative Escherichia coli, disease, superinfection. and symptoms of anaphylaxis
prophylaxis Klebsiella especially (rash, pruritus, laryngeal
(IV). pneumoniae, colitis; edema, wheezing).
Neisseria , Proteus, Geriatric Discontinue the drug and
Moraxella catarrhalis, patients (dose notify health care professional
Borrelia burgdorferi. adjustment immediately if these
Not active against may be symptoms occur. Keep
methicillin-resistant required due epinephrine, an antihistamine,
staphylococci or to age- and resuscitation equipment
enterococci. relatedpin close by in the event of an
renal anaphylactic reaction.
function); ● Monitor bowel function.
Pregnancy Diarrhea, abdominal
and lactation cramping, fever, and
(has been bloody stools should be
used safely). reported to health care
professional promptly as a
sign of pseudomembranous
colitis. May begin up to
several weeks following
cessation of therapy.