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1. First Stage
This is called the follicular phase, and between day 2 and 14 your body will release hormones
that make the eggs in your ovaries grow. Those hormones also help thicken the lining of your
uterus to get ready for a fertilized egg.
2. Second Stage
The ovulatory phase of the menstrual cycle occurs in the middle of your cycle, and is the
process where a mature ovarian follicle bursts releasing an egg cell (ovum) for fertilization. A
woman has the best chance of getting pregnant around the days when ovulation occurs.
3. Third Stage
The luteal (premenstrual) phase starts on the day the egg is released from the egg follicle on
the ovary (ovulation day). The luteal phase may occur any time from 16 to 28 days of a normal
menstrual cycle.
2. For Women
Oral contraceptives: Also known as a birth control pill taken daily by mouth. It protects against
pregnancy with the combined actions of the hormones estrogen and progestin. When these
hormones are given in certain amounts, and at certain times in the menstrual cycle, they
prevent the ovary from releasing an egg for fertilization.
Diaphragm: Diaphragms are made of latex rubbers that block sperm from entering the uterus.
The dome-shaped diaphragm is a barrier method of contraception that conforms to the shape
and contours of the vagina, and must be fitted by your health care provider. Although
diaphragms also require the use of a spermicidal cream or jelly, the device causes no
discomfort to either partner.
Implants: A long-term birth control option for women are contraceptive implants made up of
small, flexible rods that are surgically implanted under the skin on the inside of the upper arm.
Contraceptive implants work by releasing a steady, low dose of a progestational hormone that
thickens cervical mucus, thins the lining of the uterus, and typically suppresses ovulation.