Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Viewpoint 2 - Workbook PDF
Viewpoint 2 - Workbook PDF
1. I’m angry with William. I am not talking / 1. your brother / watch TV / when / you / get home / ?
don’t talk to him. Was your brother watching TV when
2. Listen! My sister is singing / sings in the shower. you got home?
3. This cheese tastes / is tasting strange. 2. you / finish / the / English homework / yesterday / ?
4. Are you thinking / Do you think Ann is pretty? Did you finish the English homework
5. Laura is walking / walks to school every day. yesterday?
3. I / not eat sushi / when / I / in Japan / last year / .
2. Complete the sentences with the correct I didn’t eat sushi when I was in Japan
form of the verbs in brackets. Use the Present
Simple or Present Continuous. last year.
1. The sun sets (set) in the west. 4. last year / Susie / work / in a shop / while / study / .
2. Please don’t disturb me. I am studying Last year, Susie was working in a shop
(study). while she was studying.
3. I still don’t know (not know) the answer.
4. Do you always go 5. Complete the e-mail with the correct form of
the verbs in brackets. Use the Past Simple or
(go) to the cinema on Friday nights?
Past Continuous.
5. We are having (have) a picnic next
Sunday.
6. How much does this parcel Rob@gmail.com
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books
Grammar Review
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books
Future Simple, be going to and Future Perfect Simple and
Present Continuous with Future Future Continuous
Meaning
12. C
omplete the sentences with the correct form
10. Complete the dialogues with the correct form of the verbs below. Use the Future Continuous
of the verbs in brackets. Use the Future Simple, or Future Perfect.
Present Continuous or be going to. There may buy • not practise • play • score • go
be more than one possible answer. not see • move • not run
A: 1. Are / Are / Will you seeing /
1. By this time tomorrow night, John
going to see / see
(see) Bill tonight? will have played in his 100th game
B: No. I 2. am studying / (study) for my history for our team, but he hopes that at this time
exam.
am going to study next year, he will be scoring goals for
is doing /
A: Do you know what Bill 3. is going to do (do)? Manchester City.
B: I’m not sure, but he 4. will 2. I really miss Sue. I know I will be going
probably play (play) computer to visit her in three months’ time, but by then,
games with his brother. we won’t have seen each other for six
months.
is bringing / 3. I won’t be running in the race on Sunday
A: Who 5. is going to bring (bring) food to the
because I won’t have enough by
picnic on Saturday?
then. practiced
B: David 6. is going to make /(make)
is making 4. By the end of the week, he
enough sandwiches for everyone. And he
will have bought furniture, and on
7. is also going to stop
Saturday, he will be moving into his
(stop) on the way to buy large bags of crisps.
new flat.
A: OK. So I 8. will bring (bring) fizzy drinks.
B: Good. Do you think we 9. will need
13. C
omplete the dialogues with the correct form
(need) anything else? of the verbs in brackets. Use a future tense.
A: I don’t think so. There may be more than one possible answer.
1. A: Why does Emma want to learn French?
11. Write a logical continuation with the words in
is going to visit /
B: She
brackets. Use the Future Simple or be going to.
will be visiting (visit) her
boyfriend’s family in France in the summer.
1. Those are beautiful earrings. 2. A: I’m sorry, but there’s no more milk.
(Mum / love / them) will have
B: In that case, I (have)
Mum will love them. tea instead of coffee.
2. I can’t wait to move to New York! 3. A: What time do you want to meet tomorrow
(I / move / there / in a few months) morning?
I’m going to move there in a few months. B: After ten. I will have had (have)
3. We have got plenty of time. breakfast by then.
(we / not be / late) 4. A: Do you have plans for tonight?
We won’t be late. B: Yes. I am going to go / (go) to a
am going
4. Relax. basketball game with my dad.
(you / pass / the / driving test / tomorrow) 5. A: Is that the Golden Gate Bridge?
You will pass the driving test tomorrow. B: Yes, and in a moment, we
5. Be careful! are going to drive / (drive) over it.
will be driving
(you / spill / the coffee) 6. A: I’m looking forward to seeing Laura tonight.
You’re going to spill the coffee! B: Oh, I forgot to tell you. She
isn’t coming / (not come).
isn’t going to come
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books
Grammar Review
Review of Tenses
16. C
omplete the passage with the correct form
of the verbs in brackets.
1 4. Complete the sentences with a suitable word
or time expression below.
how long • by then • while • never
in the future • always • when
W
at three in the morning
1. We’re bringing Sam at ten o’clock tonight. hen Jamie Oliver 1. caught
By then , all the guests will have (catch) the public’s attention in 1999 with his first
arrived for his surprise party. television series The Naked Chef, he was only 23
2. Why was your dog barking years old. By that time, despite his young age,
at three in the morning? he 2. already had (already / have)
3. She always goes to the yoga class ten years of cooking experience. Since the series
on Tuesdays because she likes the teacher. 3. ended (end) in 2001, Oliver
4. She’s an excellent windsurfer. I think she’ll win 4. has built (build) an impressive
a lot of championships in the future . business empire that 5. employs
5. How long have you known Rita? (employ) over 2,000 people and includes a cookware
6. Did you cry when the film ended? brand and several restaurants. And, of course, Oliver
6. has already written
(already / write) ten cookery
7. Janis was talking on the phone
while she was cutting vegetables. books, and 7. will probably write (probably /
write) more in the coming years. But more importantly,
8. I’ve never let anyone read my
Oliver 8. is using / uses (use) his fame and
journal. It’s private.
fortune to help others and to encourage healthy eating.
In 2002, he 9. established (establish) the
1 5. Rewrite the sentences using the words in
Fifteen Foundation, which trains and employs young
brackets. Do not change the original meaning
of the sentences. Make any necessary changes. people in restaurant work. Among the foundation’s
1. Is this your first time in San Francisco? (before) “graduates” are former drug addicts and youth who
Have you been to San Francisco before?
10. were (be) once in trouble with
the law. Oliver’s 2005 television series about the poor
2. When did you move into this flat? (how long)
quality of Britain’s school lunch programme eventually
How long have you lived in this flat? led
11.
(lead) to the government
3. I watched a film during the flight. (while) providing millions of pounds to improve it, and his 2008
While we were flying, I watched a film. / series Jamie’s Ministry of Food used a reality-show format
I watched a film while we were flying.
4. Those are my sunglasses. (belong) to show how to prepare healthy meals easily and cheaply.
Those sunglasses belong to me. Millions of fans 12. are waiting (wait) to see
5. What is that delicious smell? (smells) what he’ll do next – but with his history, there’s little doubt
What smells delicious? that it will be both entertaining and educational.
6. He finished the report on Thursday night and
handed it in on Friday. (the night before)
On Friday he handed in the report which /
that he had finished the night before.
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books
2. Complete the puzzle using the clues below.
Across
2. T here are so many people here! How will we
find Jenny in this ?
4. If I were an , I would buy an enormous
house.
5. I hope your with Johnny Depp ends soon!
Fame
I’m tired of hearing about him!
8. M
y sister met Bono, and got his on a CD
box.
9. I don’t care about the latest fashion .
I wear what I like.
Vocabulary 10. M
y father’s a scientist, and his
Einstein.
is Albert
Down
1. C
hoose the correct answer. Pay attention to 1. T here was a lot of before the university
the underlined words.
entrance exams.
1. We had such a lavish lunch that I was
2. J ake is part of the film . He’s an assistant
afterwards.
electrician.
a. hungry
3. T he actor Christian Bale got some bad
b. very full
when a tape was released of him shouting at
2. Colin was a spoilt child but, surprisingly, he
someone on a film set.
grew up to be a very man.
6. R
obert and his finally decided on a date for
a. considerate
their wedding.
b. self-centred
7. often print lies and rumours about
3. Prince Charles often makes controversial
celebrities.
statements that .
a. please everyone 1 2
p c r o w d
b. make some people angry 3
p r r
4. They’re asking an outrageous price for this flat. 4
It’s . u h e i r e s s
a. very reasonable b s w
b. far too high l s
5 6 7
5. T hat politician is notorious for . i n f a t u a t i o n
a. his many love affairs r a
c i
b. improving the economy
i a e b
6. She used to be quite wealthy, but she’s lost
t n l
a lot of recently. 8
a. money y c a u t o g r a p h
b. weight é i
9 10
t r e n d i d o l
s
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books
Unit 1
3. W
rite T (True) or F (False) for each sentence. 5. Complete the sentences with a suitable
Correct the false sentences. collocation. Use the correct form of the verbs take,
F 1. A bodyguard is a personal trainer in a gym. go or catch and the words and phrases below.
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books
Grammar
1. C
omplete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
Use the Present Perfect Continuous or Past Perfect Continuous.
1. I’m surprised that Lesley doesn’t know any French. How long has she
been living (live) in Paris?
2. We had been sleeping (sleep) for an hour when we were woken by a loud noise.
3. She had been performing(perform) on stage for years before she appeared in films.
4. The band have been recording(record) their new CD for the past two months.
5. Have they been arguing (argue)? They look upset.
2. C
omplete the dialogue with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
Use the Past Simple or a perfect tense (Simple or Continuous).
3. R
ewrite the sentences using the words in brackets. Do not change the original meaning
of the sentences.
1. Is this your first visit to a film set? (ever) 4. I finished most of my homework. Then I went
Have you ever visited a film set? / Have out. (after)
you ever been to a film set before? After I had finished most of my homework,
2. Madonna began performing in 1977. (since) I went out. / I went out after I had finished
Madonna has been performing since most of my homework.
5. W
hen did he start to play for Manchester City?
1977. (how long)
3. They haven’t released a new CD for three years. (ago)
They released their last CD three years How long has he been playing for
Manchester City?
ago. / Their last CD was released three
years ago.
4. C
omplete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs below. Use gerunds or infinitives.
One verb is used more than once.
buy • watch • begin • achieve • be
1. Don’t forget to watch the YouTube clip I sent you.
2. Sally is eager to begin her studies at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Arts.
3. On her way to school, Jessica stopped to buy a bottle of water.
4. Believe it or not, being wealthy doesn’t solve all of life’s problems.
5. Achieving fame is an important goal for some people.
6. I stopped buying bottled water in order to save money.
10
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books
Unit 1
5. C
omplete the passage with the correct 7. Correct the errors.
form of the verbs in brackets. Use gerunds
1. I’m tired of this game. We’re playing since noon.
or infinitives. There may be more than one
correct answer.
I’m tired of this game. We’ve been
playing since noon.
2. She was directing plays for five years when she
Working for the Stars
decided to direct a film.
She had been directing plays for five
With busy lifestyles and work that often takes them years when she decided to direct a film.
3. Be famous is all she is interested in.
far from home, many celebrities rely on large staffs
1. to take (take) responsibility for a great Being famous is all she is interested in.
deal in their lives. Although it may be exciting 4. I didn’t forget writing my essay and hand it in
2.to meet / meeting on time.
(meet) famous people, it’s not always
easy 3. working / (work) for them. Some stars are
I didn’t forget to write my essay and
to work hand it in on time.
notorious for 4. being (be) spoilt, which makes 5. She had never dreamed of win Britain’s Got
them extremely demanding bosses. In addition, Talent.
5. working (work) for a celebrity often means She had never dreamed of winning
extremely long hours and includes 6. travelling Britain’s Got Talent.
(travel) with them – leaving very little free time for 8. Translate the sentences.
oneself. Despite all this, being a personal assistant to a 1. Tabloids have been printing articles about David
star or a nanny to their children can be interesting and and Victoria Beckham for years.
fun – and provides a way 7. to observe (observe) the
Los periódicos sensacionalistas han
estado publicando artículos sobre David
private life of a celebrity. y Victoria Beckham durante años.
2. I regret saying those things to him.
Me arrepiento de haberle dicho esas
cosas.
6. R
ewrite the sentences using the words in 3. We had been trying to buy concert tickets for
brackets. Use gerunds or infinitives. Do not two hours when we lost the Internet connection.
change the original meaning of the sentences. Llevábamos dos horas intentando
comprar entradas para el concierto
There may be more than one correct answer. cuando perdimos la conexión a Internet.
4. Have you been doing yoga for a long time?
1. S am didn’t think of thanking us for all our help. ¿Has estado haciendo yoga durante
(remember) mucho tiempo? / ¿Llevas mucho tiempo
haciendo yoga?
Sam didn’t remember to thank us for all 5. They had been studying for weeks, so they went
our help. wild when the exams were over.
2. S heri used to sing in a band, but she hasn’t Habían estado estudiando durante
done that for years. (stopped) semanas / Llevaban semanas estudiando,
Sheri stopped singing in a band years así que se desmadraron cuando se
acabaron los exámenes.
ago.
3. I didn’t go straight home. I bought milk on the Grammar Review
way. (stopped)
I stopped to buy milk on the way home. / 9. Complete the sentences with the correct form
On the way home, I stopped to buy milk. of the verb in brackets.
4. I don’t think that I’ve ever met your parents.
1. Jim is an incredible guitarist! How long
(remember)
I don’t remember ever meeting your has he been playing (play)?
parents. 2. I miss you. I haven’t seen (not see) you
5. I am sorry to inform you that Mr Smith died last for a month!
week. (regret)
3. Mary wants to join (join) the Blur
I regret to inform you that Mr Smith
died last week. fan club.
6. I shouldn’t have eaten so much last night. 4. Did Steve suggest meeting (meet)
(regret) for dinner before the film?
I regret eating so much last night. 5. Witnesses said that photographers
had been pursuing(pursue) Julia Roberts for
about five minutes before she shouted at them.
11
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books
reading Promoting the Stars
1. L ook at the title of the text and the pictures. Public relations (PR) is the business of promoting a
What do you think the text is about? person, company, product or idea by generating media
public relations for stars / trying to get
publicity for stars and public interest. And personal publicists to the stars
2. Now read the text and check your answer.
seem to have the easiest job in PR because “getting
ink” (receiving media coverage) for celebrities is
3. Find words in the text that mean:
seldom a problem. In fact not surprisingly, in this age
1. harmful (paragraph 2) damaging of tabloids, paparazzi, mobile-phone cameras and
2. not obvious (paragraph 2) subtle especially the Internet, there’s often too much “ink”,
3. planned (paragraph 3) orchestrated and it’s not always positive or to the stars’ liking.
4. necessary (paragraph 4) essential
That’s why a big part of a celebrity publicist’s job is to
help stars respond to false, damaging or embarrassing
4. Choose the correct answer.
articles and photos. This can be done directly, such as
1. When a celebrity gets “ink”, it means ... . by releasing a statement responding to the published
a. they’ve got a problem information. Or a more subtle approach can be taken
b. they receive only bad publicity
by gradually shifting attention to different, positive
c. they have got a publicist
aspects of the stars’ lives, such as their involvement
d. they’re written about
with charitable or social causes.
2. The Wall Street Journal ... .
a. published the first photo of Tom Cruise’s wife In addition, some stars and their publicists have found
b. denied publishing fake paparazzi pictures a way to try to control coverage and to beat the tabloids
c. orchestrated fake paparazzi photos at their own game: they hire their own photographers
d. reported on the phenomenon of fake or give paparazzi advance notice so they can “catch”
paparazzi photos a star in a supposedly private moment. The editor of
an American gossip magazine recently estimated that
5. W
rite T (True) or F (False) for each sentence. about half of the celebrity photos we see fall into this
Find information in the text to support your
category. According to an article in the respected
answers.
business newspaper, The Wall Street Journal, examples
F 1. Surprisingly, new technology has had little
of these carefully orchestrated fake paparazzi moments
effect on media coverage of celebrities.
“… not surprisingly, in this age of … include photos of Gwyneth Paltrow leaving hospital
mobile-phone cameras and especially the
Internet, there’s often too much ‘ink’ …” with her first baby and the world’s first glimpse of Tom
F 2. A subtle response to bad publicity is to issue Cruise with his wife, Katie Holmes.
a statement.
“This can be done directly, such as Of course, many celebrities claim not to care about
releasing a statement ... . Or a more
subtle approach can be taken …” their public image or what the tabloids print. But for
T 3. Fake paparazzi photos account for about
those who do care, publicists are essential.
50% of published celebrity photos.
“…
recently estimated that about half of the
celebrity photos we see fall into this category.”
6. Answer the question according to the text.
hy do some stars hire photographers to
W
“surprise” them in a private moment?
Because that way they can better control
what is published about them.
12
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books
Unit 1
14
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books
Unit 1
4. The pressure from his parents makes Ron feel 3. I got to school late today.
relaxed / nervous. y the time / I / walk in / the teacher / hand out /
b
the test
3. Complete the blog entry by adding a suitable By the time I walked in, the teacher had
suffix to the words in brackets.
handed out the test.
Successful sports stars appear in adverts for
1. expensive
(expense) watches and 2. fashionable Writing
(fashion) designer clothing, and are photographed at
lavish parties with famous 3. musicians (music) 6. Complete the sentences with a suitable
and actors. There are often articles about their connector below.
4. luxurious nevertheless • in spite of • furthermore
(luxury) homes and yachts, as well
as about their occasionally 5. outrageous (outrage) moreover • however • although • despite
behaviour. It sometimes seems that they are more 1. A lot of people don’t like him. Nevertheless
, /
entertainment I think he’s very nice. However
a part of the 6. (entertain) business
than the sports business. Let’s start to appreciate 2. Although she’s lived here for ten years, she’s
sports stars again for their 7. amazing (amaze) never got used to the cold.
performances and not for the 8. publicity (public) 3. I’m not going to rent that flat. It’s too small.
they give to products or for what happens in their Moreover /, there’s no view.
Furthermore
private lives.
15
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books
2
2. T
he following sentences don’t make sense.
Make them logical by replacing the words
and phrases in bold with the correct word or
phrase in bold from a different sentence.
1. It is harmful to birds and sea animals to destroy
plastic. ingest
2. This factory doesn’t inhabit dangerous
substances because it was built with new
Going Green
“green” technology. emit
3. Giant pandas cut down remote mountain areas
in China. inhabit
4. If we don’t ingest our spending, we won’t have
any savings left. cut down
16
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books
Unit 2
4. C
omplete the passage with the words and 6. C
hoose the sentence that best follows the
phrases below. original.
carbon footprint • nightmare • emitted 1. My glasses vanished into thin air.
amount • carbon dioxide • cut down
a. They were exactly where I had left them.
broke down • made waves • harmful
b. I couldn’t find them anywhere.
Leisure and the Environment 2. Her personality brought a breath of fresh air
to the office.
In recent years, many respected scientists have a. She talks too much.
1. made waves by describing terrible b. She’s not like everyone else.
2. nightmare scenarios of the future 3. The money we raised is a drop in the ocean.
of life on Earth. The only solution, they say, is to a. It was more than we expected.
3. cut down on pollution. This would mean b. We need to raise a lot more.
reducing the 4. amount of damaging 4. With your education, the sky’s the limit.
5. carbon dioxide
we produce. Most of us, of
a. You can achieve anything you want.
course, don’t even know the size of our own b. There’s a limit to what you’ll be able to
6. carbon footprint
. But a recent study of the achieve.
7. harmful environmental impact of an
5. John’s very down to earth.
average British citizen provided some interesting
a. He’s very depressed.
information. The study 8. broke down carbon
b. He’s easy to talk to.
dioxide-producing activities into 11 categories,
6. This problem is the tip of the iceberg.
including leisure, home-energy use and commuting.
a. I don’t expect there to be any more difficulties.
Surprisingly, leisure activities accounted, on average,
b. I expect that we’ll soon face other problems
for about one-fifth of the total carbon dioxide that is
as well.
9. emitted by each person in Britain. Think
7. Don’t make a mountain out of a molehill.
about this the next time you watch a football match in
a brightly lit stadium or go away on holiday! a. It’s really not a problem.
b. You should be more concerned.
8. Pollution has wiped out many species.
17
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books
Grammar 3. C
omplete the sentences with the correct form
of the modals or modal perfects and the verbs
in brackets. Use the affirmative or negative.
needn’t have brought
1. We (need / bring)
1. C
hoose the sentence that best follows the umbrellas with us. It hasn’t rained at all today!
original. 2. I’m going to be late! I should have woken up
1. You should have been there! (should / wake up) an hour ago!
a. It was a fantastic concert. 3. All these jeans are on sale, so I
b. I’m sure you’ll enjoy it. might buy (might / buy) two pairs.
2. I might leave my phone at home. 4. Keith looked better with longer hair. He
a. Now I’m sorry that I haven’t got it with me. shouldn’t have cut (should / cut) it.
b. I don’t think I’ll need it.
5. I would have taken (would / take) the bus,
3. They might have missed the train. but it left as I arrived.
a. If they hurry, they’ll catch it.
6. Lucy’s got a bad case of food poisoning. The
b. If they did, they’ll be on the next one.
fish at the restaurant must have been
4. We could have helped them. (must / be) off.
a. I wonder why they didn’t ask us.
7. Joe couldn’t repair (could / repair) my
b. I wonder if they’ll ask us to help.
computer, so I called a technician.
2. W
rite a sentence to describe each picture
4. Choose the correct answer.
with the words below. Use a modal or modal
perfect, affirmative or negative. There may be
more than one correct answer.
1 Zero Rubbish
18
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books
Unit 2
5. C
omplete the sentences with the correct 8. Correct the errors.
form of should or had better, affirmative or
1. I don’t see Emma here. She must leave.
negative. There may be more than one correct
answer. I don’t see Emma here. She must have
left.
1. You should wear that colour more often. 2. I’m not sure who’s singing that song. It might
It looks great on you. have been Madonna.
2. I think he’s having a heart attack! We I’m not sure who’s singing that song.
should / call an ambulance immediately! It might be Madonna.
had better
3. You had use any of my things while 3. The president should has begun worrying about
better not
I’m gone, or I’ll be very angry. the environment years ago.
4. I know that I shouldn’t eat so much junk The president should have begun worrying
food. about the environment years ago.
4. Would have Jane helped you?
6. R
ewrite the sentences with the modals in
Would Jane have helped you?
brackets. Do not change the original meaning
of the sentences. 5. We’d better to get petrol soon.
1. Have you got a pen for me to borrow? (can) We’d better get petrol soon.
Can I borrow your pen?
2. The water in this river is too polluted for us to 9. Translate the sentences.
drink. (mustn’t) 1. O
ur country must cut down the amount of
We mustn’t drink the water in this river. energy that we use.
3. It’s possible that Jeff didn’t receive the message. Nuestro país debe reducir la cantidad de
(might not)
energía que usamos.
2. R
oad safety should be taught to young children
Jeff might not have received the message.
to avoid road accidents.
4. There’s no need for Julie to help me cook for the Se
debería enseñar seguridad vial a los/as niños/as
party. (not have to) pequeños/as para evitar accidentes de tráfico.
Julie doesn’t have to help me cook for the 3. You’d better take the shortcut or you’ll be late.
party. Será mejor que cojas el atajo o llegarás
5. I doubt that story is real. (can’t) tarde.
That story can’t be real. / I can’t believe 4. Y
ou shouldn’t have brought up the subject of
that story is real. money.
7. C
omplete the sentences. Make them true No deberías haber planteado el asunto
for you.
del dinero.
5. C
elia may have broken down because of the
1. Next year, I might bad news.
Accept all logical and grammatically . Puede que Celia se echara a llorar a
correct answers. causa de la mala noticia.
2. My parents think I should
.
3. My friends had better not Grammar Review
.
4. People my age can’t 10. C
omplete the sentences with the correct form
. of the words in brackets.
5. When I was younger, my parents should have 1. Our teacherhas been working (work) in the
. school for the past 20 years.
6. At weekends, I don’t have to 2. We had been playing (play) tennis for an hour
. before Carol joined us.
7. Last year, I should have 3. Windsurfing (windsurf) is a popular sport
. in Australia.
4. I should have gone(should / go) on holiday
last month when the prices were lower.
5. This milk smells (smell) off.
19
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books
reading The Environmental Costs
of Being Online
1. R
ead the article quickly, ignoring difficult There’s no doubt that the Internet has got environmental
words. Then answer the questions. benefits. E-mails, for instance, save on paper, electricity
1. What problem does the writer describe? costs for processing ordinary letters and the fuel needed
online pollution to pick up and deliver them. Online purchases mean
2. What are some of the causes of the problem? fewer car trips to shops. As we increasingly get more
huge amounts of Google searches / news and music online, energy costs of producing
web page viewing / complex, online
virtual-reality game playing and transporting newspapers, magazines and CDs are
2. R
ead the text again and choose the best being reduced. And video-conferencing brings together
answer according to the text. people who, a few years ago, couldn’t have met without
1. The information technology industry ... . travelling long distances.
a. produces about 2% less CO2 than airlines
But online activity itself has definitely got a carbon
b. generates a similar amount of greenhouse
gas as airlines do footprint. You might be surprised to learn that, according
c. emits 2% more carbon dioxide than the to a recent study, the information technology industry
airline industry emits approximately 2% of the world’s CO2 (carbon
d. creates much less greenhouse gas than the dioxide), creating about the same amount of greenhouse
airline industry gases as the global airline industry.
2. According to Evan Mills, computer data centres ... . The culprit, of course, is the electricity needed to run the
a. are among the most energy-saving facilities huge server computers of Google and other data centres,
b. consume a great deal of energy which are, says researcher Evan Mills, “among the most
c. don’t need a lot of electricity
energy-intensive facilities imaginable”.
d. help Google conserve energy
3. Compared to an electric kettle, a 15-minute But what does this mean for the average computer user?
Google search ... . Estimates are that every 15 minutes we spend online
a. uses more energy performing a Google search or viewing web pages can
b. creates about two-thirds more CO2 generate up to 10 g of CO2. This is about two-thirds of the
c. produces fewer grams of carbon dioxide amount created by boiling a cup of water in an electric
d. generates 10 g more CO2 kettle. And players of online virtual-reality games can
use nearly the same amount of electricity in one year as
3. Complete the sentences according to the text. a typical citizen in Brazil uses over the same period.
1. By using e-mail, we’re able to save paper,
electricity
With more than 200 million Internet searches performed
costs for processing ordinary letters and on the
.
fuel needed to pick up and deliver them each day, billions of web pages being viewed and new
2. The average Brazilian consumes about the same online services such as Twitter gaining in popularity,
amount of electricity in a year as players of
many scientists believe it’s time to find ways to cut down
online virtual-reality games do over the .
same period the Internet’s environmental cost.
3. Internet
Every day, more than 200 million
searches are performed .
20
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books
Unit 2
Your Task
writing Write a letter of complaint to your local
newspaper about the lack of sports facilities
in your area. Write 100-150 words.
1. Read the letter of complaint below. Replace the Writing a Letter of Complaint
informal language in brackets with formal words and
phrases. 1. D
ecide what you want to say. Think about
the following questions:
- W
hat effect does the problem have on the
people in your community?
11 Pickwick Road
- Why does it bother you personally?
Corsham
- What actions should be taken?
Wiltshire
7th May 2010 2. T
hink of a way to convince the reader that
this problem is important. Which of the
following sentences could be used in your
letter?
Ms Allison Murray 1. I like sport.
President 2. Young people who participate in sport are
less likely to be bored and get involved in
NewSounds Records crime.
49 Dean Street 3. Playing sport regularly is part of a healthy
London lifestyle.
Madam 4. Team sports make you feel part of your
Dear (Allison) 1.
, community.
to express my
I’m writing (to tell you about) 2. concern regarding 5. Being an athlete makes you more popular.
the type of CD packaging used by NewSounds Records.
3. O
rganise your ideas. Use the model in
To begin with, I (really don’t like) Exercise 1 and the plan below to help you.
3. strongly disagree
that your company uses
plastic wrappings. Producing new plastic wastes
Plan
valuable natural resources. Opening: State the purpose of your letter.
Second, I object to the chemically-treated type of Body: Give information and details.
paper on which the inserted booklets are printed Closing: Request / Demand action.
because it is unsuitable for recycling.
Many record companies are packaging CDs in
paper or plastic cases made of 100% recycled 4. Write a first draft.
and recyclable materials. I (really think that) 5. U
se the checklist to check your work.
4. strongly urge NewSounds to do the same in Then write a final draft.
order to reduce its carbon footprint.
Checklist
(Can’t wait to hear from you.) 5. I look forward
to your reply. I followed the plan for a formal letter.
(Sincerely,) 6. Yours faithfully,
I used formal language.
James Emerson
I checked my grammar, spelling and
punctuation.
23
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books
3
2. Complete the captions with the verbs below.
expose • launch • crawl • lean • crash
Online World
2 I want a style that doesn’t
Vocabulary expose my bald spot.
24
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books
Unit 3
3. C
omplete the dialogue with the words and 5. Complete each sentence with the adjectives below.
phrases below. pressing • affluent • close-up • overjoyed
online • available • user-friendly overjoyed to see
1. Steve was polite, but he wasn’t
updated • google • access
me.
social-networking sites • portable
2. A lot of affluent high-tech executives have
expensive homes in this neighbourhood.
Salesman: May I help you?
3. We have several pressing topics to discuss, but
Ellen: Yes, please. I’m looking for a new computer.
the most urgent is the book fair.
It’s got to be lightweight and 1. portable ,
4. I can see every detail of the bee in the close-up .
because I want to be able to take it to cafés.
Salesman: I think you should consider a netbook, 6. C
omplete the sentences with a suitable
especially if you’re going to use it mainly to go collocation. Use the verbs and nouns below.
2. online to 3. google people or visit Nouns:
erbs:
V
4. social- , such as Facebook. We’ve got • your password
networking sites • download
several models 5. available that are all smaller, • enter
• an attachment
• a song
and weigh and cost less than a typical laptop. • charge
user- • information
They’re also very 6. – there’s nothing • forward
friendly • a mobile phone
complicated to learn. Just turn it on and you can • post
7. access the Internet wherever there’s a charge a mobile when its battery is low.
1. You
wireless connection. phone
2. You have to enter your in order to access
Ellen: Do netbooks come with 8. updated some websites.
password
programs, like the latest version of Office? 3. When you want to send a document or photo to
Salesman: No. You have to buy those separately. someone, you forward an .
attachment
Ellen: OK. A netbook sounds perfect. Let me see 4. It sometimes takes a long time to
download a song onto a computer.
what you’ve got ... .
5. When you add something to your Facebook page,
you post information .
4. C
hoose the correct answer. Pay attention to the
underlined words.
7. C
omplete the sentences with the correct form of
1. All employees use cars / computers from the the verbs in brackets and suitable prepositions.
company’s fleet. 1. Sally reminds me of (remind) you.
2. The Olympic athletes entered the stadium, 2. I applied for (apply) five jobs last week.
wearing / carrying poles with the flags of their
3. When did you first hear about (hear) this?
countries.
4. He depends on (depend) his parents for money.
3. For safety, a fence was built over / around the
pool. 5. I’ve thought of (think) the perfect present for her.
25
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books
Grammar 4. R
ewrite the sentences in Exercise 3 by
completing the sentences below. Do not
change the original meaning of the sentences.
1. The exam had been completed by 11.30 yesterday
.
1. C
omplete the sentences with the correct form 2. People once believed that the world was flat
.
of the verbs in brackets. Use the passive.
3. Experts consider junk food to be unhealthy .
1. T he phone should be charged (should /
4. Companies often launch new products with
charge) for 12 hours before you use it. publicity campaigns and free samples
.
2. Tickets will be / are going (sell) next week.
to be sold 5. A major games company is now producing
3. S ince the band put their latest song online, the computer game she designed .
it has been (download) by
downloaded
thousands of fans. 5. C
omplete the passage with the correct form
4. T his photo must have been (must / take) of the verbs in brackets. Use the active or
taken passive.
in the winter. Look at the snow!
5. By the time we completed the survey, it
Becoming Famous on YouTube
had been answered (answer) by 420 people.
When Jawed Karim, one of YouTube’s founders,
1. posted (post) the first video there
2. W
rite a logical continuation with the words in
on 23rd April 2005, nobody 2. could have
brackets. Use the passive form of the verb.
predicted
1. I’ve just received an e-mail from Amazon. (could / predict) that the website would become one
(my package / deliver / next week) of the most popular on the Internet. Each minute,
My package will be delivered next week. at least 20 hours of video 3. are uploaded
2. I didn’t eat anything at the party. (upload) to the site, which 4. was bought
(all the food / eat / by the time / I arrive) (buy) by Google in 2006. The selection of videos
All the food had been eaten by the time includes films, television shows, homemade music
I arrived. videos, documentaries, as well as some short
3. T he invitations are finally addressed.
(they / not / send out / yet) films that 5. are considered (consider) to be
They haven’t been sent out yet. original and artistic by serious critics. In addition,
4. Y
ou can check tomorrow’s weather. many YouTube “stars” 6. have been created
(forecasts / give / on several websites) (create) over the past few years. These are people
Forecasts are given on several websites. whose videos 7. have been (watch)
watched
by millions of people. Among these stars are
3. C
omplete the sentences with the correct Matt Harding, thanks to his videos of himself
active or passive form of the verbs below. dancing with people all over the world, and
Use each verb only once.
Ryan Higa, whose video “How to Be a Ninja”
launch • complete • consider 8. has been viewed
(view) over 20 million
produce • believe
times so far. Another YouTube star is Lauren Luke,
1. B
y 11.30 yesterday, everyone had completed
a young Englishwoman whose popular series of
the exam.
videos about applying make-up led to her own
2. It was once believed that the make-up line that 9. was launched (launch)
world was flat. in April 2009. It’s this unpredictable variety of
3. Junk food is considered to be unhealthy. videos that keep people hooked on YouTube!
4. New products are often launched
with publicity campaigns and free samples.
5. T he computer game she designed is
now being by a major games company.
produced
26 Matt Harding
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books dancing in India
Unit 3
6. R
ewrite the sentences using two passive 8. Correct the errors.
structures.
1. The decision has already be made.
1. T hey’re using computer animation to make the The decision has already been made.
film.
2. At the moment, passwords are been changed.
Computer animation is being used to
make the film. The film is being made by At the moment, passwords are being changed.
using computer animation.
3. The dates of the meetings will be sent everyone.
2. W
e will e-mail the concert tour dates to
The dates of the meetings will be sent to
everyone next week. everyone.
The concert tour dates will be e-mailed 4. Sorry, Mrs Rivero. I’m late because I’ve checked
to everyone next week. Everyone will
be e-mailed the concert tour dates next my teeth at the dentist today.
week. Sorry, Mrs Rivero. I’m late because I had
3. Someone sent me flowers on my birthday.
Flowers were sent to me on my birthday. my teeth checked at the dentist today.
I was sent flowers on my birthday. 5. Fifty years ago, this computer was considered to
4. E xperts believe that Internet addiction is a was the fastest one in the world.
growing problem. Fifty years ago, this computer was
It is believed that Internet addiction is a considered to be the fastest one in the world.
growing problem. Internet addiction is
believed to be a growing problem.
5. People think his videos are very entertaining. 9. Translate the sentences.
His videos are thought to be very 1. A new product has just been launched for the
entertaining. It is thought that his videos Spanish market.
are very entertaining. Se acaba de lanzar un nuevo producto para el
mercado español.
7. C
omplete the e-mail with the correct causative 2. Certain expensive items can be bought only by
form of the verbs below. There may be more affluent people.
than one correct answer.
Ciertos artículos caros pueden ser comprados
cut • install • put on • made • deliver solamente por gente acomodada.
3. Nobody understood why all those photos had
been deleted.
Jon@gmail.com Nadie comprendió por qué habían sido
borradas todas esas fotos.
Hi Jon, 4. These images shouldn’t have been removed from
our website.
Thanks for the e-mail! I’m glad you finally
1. had / got Estas imágenes no deberían haberse eliminado
an Internet connection de nuestra página web.
installed . 5. USB flash drives are said to be quite affordable.
I’m busy these days – and not only with studying. Se dice que las memorias USB son bastante
asequibles.
I 2. had / got my hair cut the other
day, and today I’m taking my motorbike to the
garage to 3. have / get new tyres put on . Grammar Review
While that’s being done, I 4. willget
have / an extra
set of keys made to my flat, so you can 1 0. Complete the sentences with the correct form
have a set when you visit next week. of the verbs in brackets.
1. We were met by friends who
When you come, we should invite friends over, rent
have had been waiting (wait) for us for an hour.
a couple of films and 5. burgers and
chips delivered . 2. Skiing (ski) is a popular sport.
3. We didn’t like the restaurant that Gina
See you in a few days!
recommended. We should have gone
Angie
(should / go) to a different place.
4. The book was reviewed (review) in several
newspapers last week.
5. That girl looks (look) familiar.
27
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books
reading @
1. Read the first sentence in each paragraph in Internet
the text. In which paragraph do you think you
will find the following information? Addiction
1. whether Internet addiction is considered an
official disorder 4 Do you neglect responsibilities whenever you have the
2. some signs of Internet addiction 1 urge to spend time online? Do you feel depressed if
3. what needs to be considered when making you’re away from a computer game for too long? Do you
a diagnosis of Internet addiction 3 lie about the amount of time you spend online? Is your
4. why Ben Alexander was in a treatment virtual social life more important than your real social
centre 5 life? If so, they may be signs that you have an Internet,
gaming or computer addiction – now commonly called
5. how Internet addiction differs from some
Internet addiction.
other addictions 2
Since the mid-1990s, when the problem first began to
2. Now read the entire text and check your answers. be widely discussed among mental-health professionals,
comparisons have been made between excessive
3. Complete the sentences according to the text. computer use and addictions to gambling, drugs or
1. Mental-health professionals first began alcohol. There are differences, though, especially as
discussing the problem of Internet . Internet addiction doesn’t usually involve losing money
addiction in the mid 1990s or pose an imminent threat to one’s physical health.
2. South Korea and the United States are among
the countries that already have got .
rehabilitation programmes for Internet Moreover, many experts say that an Internet addiction
addiction sufferers diagnosis shouldn’t be based mainly on the amount of
4. Choose the correct answer.
time devoted to the activity. Instead, they say, what must
1. Among the signs of Internet addiction NOT be examined is the negative effect the activity has on
mentioned is ... . someone’s life. Someone who stays home from school
a. spending money online
or a job in order to remain online, for instance, or who
b. neglecting responsibilities
gains emotional satisfaction only from their gaming or
c. depression
virtual social life, should be considered an addict.
d. socialising online only
2. The most important factor to consider when Internet addiction is not yet accepted as a mental disorder
making a diagnosis of Internet addiction is ... . by the American Psychiatric Association or similar
a. the amount of time spent online professional organisations elsewhere (though it may soon
b. the impact online or gaming activities has gain official recognition in China). Despite this, a wide
on someone’s life range of treatments is already available for it, including
c. a person’s favourite online activities rehabilitation programmes in South Korea, China, the
d. whether someone uses the Internet at work USA and other countries. Critics may point to this as
proof that addiction specialists are already benefitting
5. Find words in the text that mean the opposite of: from creating a new group of patients to treat.
1. pay attention to (paragraph 1) neglect
But that probably doesn’t matter to sufferers like 19-year-
2. not enough (paragraph 2) excessive
old Ben Alexander who, in September 2009, was the first
3. loses (paragraph 3) gains patient at ReSTART, a treatment centre in the USA. He
4. suffering (paragraph 4) benefitting didn’t finish university because of his inability to limit
the amount of time he spent playing the video game
World of Warcraft. Hopefully, ReSTART will enable
Ben to regain control of his life.
28
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books
Unit 3
’
1. The dogs fur is white, but its tail is black. - ignoring people when using mobile phones
’ ’
2. Can you hear the peoples screams? Theyre so frightened. - same as talking face to face
’
3. I love your jacket. Its beautiful. - loud mobile-phone ringtones
- lit screens disturb
3. C
omplete the opinion essay with suitable connectors. - acceptable behaviour today
There may be more than one correct answer.
4. D
ecide which ideas to include in your essay.
Think of facts, details and examples to
Too Much Self-Service Online? support your arguments.
More and more business is being conducted online, from 5. O
rganise your ideas. Use the model in
banking to booking travel tickets. While many people Exercise 3 and the plan below to help you.
like this trend, I think it has disadvantages for the
consumer.
Plan
First of all, a credit or debit card is usually needed pening: Present the issue and your opinion.
O
1. in order to
make online purchases. 2. As a result /
Therefore , Body: Present reasons, facts and
people who lack these cards can’t take advantage of examples to support your opinion.
Internet deals such as low-priced plane tickets. Closing: Restate your opinion and / or make
Second, the ability to print boarding passes or tickets suggestions.
at home is presented to consumers as an advantage –
but it is also an inconvenience 3. because / it costs us 6. Write a first draft.
time and money for the ink and paper. since
7. U
se the checklist to check your work.
Finally, online orders are often difficult to change,
Then write a final draft.
and customer service is not always readily available.
4.For this reason /
Therefore, some people are nervous about making Checklist
online purchases.
I followed the plan for an opinion essay.
All in all, I don’t think that consumers who do their
business online are always treated well. Consumers I used connectors of cause and result and
should let companies know when they don’t like this connectors of purpose.
self-service approach. I checked my grammar, spelling and
punctuation.
I checked that the verbs and subjects
agree.
30
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books
Unit 3
2. Unfortunately, computer scams and hoaxes The concert had already begun by the time.
we arrived
fool a lot of people,
and the scams we know about are only the 4. C
omplete the passage with the correct form of
tip of the iceberg . the verbs in brackets.
3. New facts about the businessman’s crimes have 1. Should blog identities be
emerged in recent days, and (should / be) private? That’s the question many people
details about his private life have also been 2. have been asking
(ask) since August 2009. A judge
exposed . made
in New York 3.
(make) Google
4. Mobile phones, computers and other electronic reveal the name of a blogger who, in one of her blog
devices shouldn’t be disposed of entries, 4. had insulted (insult) model Liskula
in landfills .
Cohen. Many people 5. were angered (anger) by
5. I think that those who say it’s dangerous to meet this decision, which 6. was considered (consider) to
people through social-networking are be a threat to free speech. “I 7. would have agreed
making a mountain . sites
(would / agree) with the judge’s verdict, but the blogger
out of a molehill 8.hadn’t threatened
(not threaten) Cohen in any way,”
2. C
omplete the passage with the verbs below.
said one New York lawyer. But other people celebrated
There may be more than one correct answer.
the judge’s decision as a reminder that people
forward • post • take • catch
9. shouldn’t be (should not / allow) to write
allowed
We do things so fast online that we don’t always stop to whatever they want anonymously. What’s your opinion
think before we 1. forward an e-mail containing a on the matter?
silly joke to a friend or 2. post new messages or
pictures on our Facebook page. Next time, pause for a
moment. Is your friend studying so much that he / she
Writing
can hardly 3. catch his / her breath? Then you 5. R
ewrite the run-on sentences below with
may not want to bother him / her with an unnecessary suitable connectors. Make any necessary
e-mail. Did you 4. take / post a photo of someone that changes. There may be more than one correct
answer.
might embarrass them? Then perhaps it’s better not to
put it on your Facebook page, as it’s difficult to know 1. I want to go on holiday this summer, I need to
who will 5. catch sight of it. Remember: think earn some money.
I want to go on holiday this summer, so
before you click. I need to earn some money.
2. We took umbrellas, it didn’t rain.
We took umbrellas but it didn’t rain /
even though it didn’t rain.
3. I was upset, I was also embarrassed.
I was upset and embarrassed.
31
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books
4
2. C
omplete the sentences with the words and
phrases below.
accurate • mouth-watering • tough
nasty • weird • all the rage
1. The exercise class was too tough
for me. I’ll have to find an easier one.
2. I don’t like high heels, even though they’re
all the rage now.
3. C
hoose the correct answer. Pay attention to
the underlined words.
1. Complete the puzzle using the clues below.
Across 1. This pattern smells / looks great.
4. speak in an extremely soft voice 3. Residents complain about the bad / loud
odours from the factory.
6. look at intently for a period of time
4. My only purchase was a laptop / toothache.
7. cause something to happen
5. There’s a new exhibit I’d like to eat at / see.
Down 6. I love the scent of lemons, although I don’t like
to eat / smell them.
2. move closer
3. smell bad
4. M
ake as many logical pairs by combining the
5. keep something for the future adjectives and nouns below.
6. move one’s hand gently on something
Nouns:
1 2 djectives:
A • skin
e m a i n
r
3 • tasty • hair
s p • bright • meal
t p • pale • material
4
w h i s p e r • faint • colour
5 • smooth • noise
s n o
6
t k s t a r e tasty meal
1.
o t c 2. bright colour
7
t r i g g e r h bright material
3.
e o 4. pale colour
k 5. pale skin
e 6. pale material
7. faint noise
8. smooth skin
9. smooth material
10. smooth hair
32
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books
Unit 4
Umami was first identified in the early 1900s by Japanese researchers who traced its source to seaweed, long
used in Japanese cooking to give extra 4. flavour to food. Umami cookery is 5. all the rage these days,
and it may even have health benefits. For instance, people can 6. take umami to lower their salt
advantage of
intake. Moreover, people who eat umami-rich diets tend to eat fewer calories. The reason for this is believed
to be that umami-poor food leaves people dissatisfied, which will 7. trigger the desire to eat more.
6. T
he following sentences don’t make sense. Make them logical by replacing the phrasal verbs in bold
with the correct phrasal verb in bold from a different sentence. Make any necessary changes.
1. Looking at those old photos started up a lot of happy memories. brought back
2. Our school set off a website last year. set up
3. At first, he started over as a painter, but for the past 30 years, he’s done mainly sculpture.
started out
4. I didn’t like my drawing in art class, so I decided to set up. start over
5. The loud noise brought back the alarm. set off
6. I want to set Paul back to the party tonight. I think he’ll have fun. bring … along
7. She started out her first business when she was 15 years old. started up
8. When the tennis star broke her ankle, it brought her along, and she didn’t win a match for over a year.
set … back
7. Match each sentence in I with a logical continuation in II. Pay attention to the underlined words.
I II
1. She ignores everything I say. 3 a. But we keep in touch with each other.
2. We rarely agree about politics. 5 b. Where’s their common sense?
3. They moved abroad three years ago. 6 c. They don’t have much of a sweet tooth.
4. She has to learn not to treat people so rudely. 1 d. It just goes in one ear and out the other.
5. That’s a stupid idea. 4 e. Someone should give her a taste of her own
6. They rarely eat dessert. medicine.
2 f. We simply don’t see eye to eye.
33
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books
Grammar 3. Complete the sentences in reported speech.
I’ve never
1. Complete the sentences with the reporting
surfed
verbs below. There may be more than one
correct answer. before.
denied • complained • advised • asked
warned • suggested • reminded
1. He admitted that he had never surfed
refused • wondered
before .
1. Sharon asked me why I was in a bad mood.
2. David reminded me that the meeting was in
I’m having my driving test today.
an hour.
3. Marcy refused to volunteer because she
was too busy.
4. Carolyn wondered / whether the city bus tour
asked
was worth taking.
5. The boy denied eating all the biscuits.
2. He told me that
he was having his
6. The security guard asked / us not to lean
warned driving test that day .
over the fence.
7. She complained that the film was boring.
advised / trying the new Mexican
8. Steve suggested
Who’s been wearing my clothes?
restaurant.
9. My dad advised me to print two copies of
my application.
4. R
ewrite the sentences in reported speech. 6. Correct the errors.
There may be more than one correct answer.
1. Bess told to me that she used to play the guitar.
1. “What time is it?” Libby asked her mum. Bess told me that she used to play the
Libby asked her mum what time it was. guitar.
2. I asked my sister that if I could borrow her coat.
2. “You should tell Sam how you feel,” my best I asked my sister if I could borrow her
friend advised me. coat.
3. They wondered whether did I liked horror films.
My best friend advised me to tell Sam
how I felt. They wondered whether I liked horror
3. “Will you have time to go to the supermarket films.
4. Sam suggested that we ate at a restaurant.
today?” my mother asked me.
My mother asked me if / whether I would Sam suggested eating at a restaurant /
that we eat at a restaurant.
have time to go to the supermarket that day. 5. The lifeguard warned us didn’t swim there.
4. “Don’t sit on the grass,” the young woman
warned them. The lifeguard warned us not to swim
there.
The young woman warned them not to
sit on the grass. 7. Translate the sentences.
5. “I didn’t have enough time to finish the work,”
1. T im explained that that song always brought
Barbara complained.
back happy childhood memories.
Barbara complained that she hadn’t
had enough time to finish the work. Tim explicó que aquella canción siempre le traía
6. “Everyone has to write an essay about the a la memoria recuerdos felices de su niñez.
2. S ome customers wanted to know where that
book,” the teacher explained.
pleasant smell came from.
The teacher explained that everyone
had to write an essay about the book. Algunos/as clientes/as querían saber de
dónde venía aquel agradable olor.
5. C
omplete the e-mail with the correct form of 3. I told Angie not to bother me because I was in a
the verbs in brackets. bad mood.
Le dije a Angie que no me molestara
porque yo estaba de mal humor.
4. M
um advised Dad to approach his boss about a
Jessica@gmail.com holiday.
Mamá le aconsejó a papá que abordase
Dear Jessica, a su jefe/a acerca de unas vacaciones.
5. T hey warned me not to walk alone at night in
I ran into Ben Smithson at the hospital today.
that city.
He looked pretty upset. He told me that he
1. was visiting (visit) his cousin, who had Me advirtieron que no caminara solo/a
de noche en aquella ciudad.
an infected cut on her foot. I asked him how that
2. had happened
(happen), and he explained
that a few days before, she 3. had stepped
Grammar Review
(step) on broken glass on the beach and 8. C
omplete the sentences with the correct form
4. hadn’t felt (not feel) it. I asked how of the verbs in brackets.
5.couldn’t have felt
she (could / not feel) it. He
1. “You should have let (should / let) Dave
explained that she was born with a rare genetic
drive your car last night,” my father said.
disorder that made it impossible for her to feel pain.
meant 2. He complained that the research he
He also pointed out that it 6.
had been doing (do) for the past year was
(mean) that she didn’t always know when she was
becoming boring.
injured or ill. I asked whether there
7. was (be) any cure for the disorder, 3. Jeffrey has been learning(learn) to sail since
and Ben said that researchers 8. were making June and is about to buy a boat.
(make) progress in understanding it, but that he 4. Katie called and said that they
also thought it 9. would be (be) quite a wouldn’t begin (not begin) dinner until we
long time before a cure was found. got there. It’s nice that they’re going to wait for
I’ll keep you posted. us.
Annie 5. We had been sitting (sit) in the dark for an
hour by the time the electricity came back on.
35
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books
reading Sensing Danger
After many earthquakes, there are reports of “miraculous”
1. S
can the text and find the following animal survival and of behaviour that, in hindsight, seemed
information: to predict the disaster.
1. the year the tsunami occurred 2004 For example, the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, which was
2. the number of countries affected over ten triggered by an enormous undersea earthquake, killed
3. places in danger of earthquakes Japan and more than 200,000 people in over ten countries. However,
California surprisingly few wild animals perished, because most
2. Read the text and choose the correct answer. managed to make it to safety. Soon after the tsunami,
stories circulated about weird animal behaviour that had
1. The elephant mentioned in the article ... .
a. made dogs nervous
been witnessed prior to it, including nocturnal bats flying
b. fled from the beach just after the tsunami in the daytime, dogs acting nervously and an elephant
c. was seen fleeing to the beach fleeing a beach. In Japan, California and other earthquake
d. left the beach moments before the tsunami regions, pet owners often claim that their pets become
extremely agitated prior to an earthquake.
2. S ome animals are very sensitive to subtle
environmental changes because ... . Can animals, in fact, predict impending natural disasters?
a. they see better than people Not really. It is more accurate to say that because of strong
b. of their strong electromagnetic senses senses, especially hearing and smell, some animals can
c. they don’t hear or smell well detect very subtle changes in their environment better
d. some of their senses are more highly than people can. Some may also be alerted to danger
developed than people’s senses through an ability to detect electromagnetic changes in
the atmosphere.
3. Find words in the text that mean:
In addition, many species are known to have
1. understanding something after it has occurred
sophisticated communication systems, which are also
(paragraph 1) hindsight
observed and reacted to by other species. When a monkey,
2. died (paragraph 2) perished for instance, sees a predator and expresses a danger signal
3. extremely nervous (paragraph 2) agitated to its social group, other animals will react to it. Many
4. areas (paragraph 5) zones researchers believe that it is reasonable to assume that
similar interactions exist when there’s danger from natural
4. Answer the questions according to the text. disasters as well.
1. What was peculiar about the bats’ behaviour? However, despite animals’ apparent “early warning”
They were flying during the day. systems, many scientists doubt that studying them will
2. How do some pets behave before an improve our ability to predict earthquakes and tsunamis.
earthquake? But a few researchers, especially in China and Japan,
They’re extremely agitated. disagree and regularly monitor animal behaviour
in earthquake zones. They’re convinced that it will
3. What happens when a monkey alerts its group
eventually prove invaluable in improving our ability to
to danger?
predict earthquakes, and perhaps other natural disasters.
Other animals react to it.
In the meantime, it wouldn’t hurt to keep an eye on your
4. Why are scientists in Japan and China studying dog or cat.
the behaviour of animals in earthquake regions?
They believe it will improve our ability
to predict earthquakes.
36
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books
Unit 4
1. A
dd a suitable adverb of degree and a suitable adverb Describe a school event
of frequency to each sentence below. Do not use the
same adverb more than once. 1. T
hink of a school event you’d like to write
about. The following are some possibilities:
1. Ann, who is committed to being a vegetarian, eats meat.
Ann, who is completely committed to - a sports day
- a party
being a vegetarian, never eats meat.
- a celebration or event for a local, regional or
2. This shop isn’t so busy, but today it’s crowded because
religious holiday
of the sale.
This shop isn’t usually so busy, but today - a musical or theatrical performance
- a class visit to a museum or historical site
it’s very crowded because of the sale.
2. T
hink of aspects of the event that you can
2. R
ewrite the sentences by moving the adverb or describe. Consider things such as:
adverbial phrase. - atmosphere - weather
1. I’ve only read the first chapter because I’ve been busy. - sounds - audience
Because I’ve been busy, I’ve only read the - tastes - participants
first chapter.
2. I noticed the Eiffel Tower walking along the street.
3. T
hink of the opinion you would like to
Walking along the street, I noticed the express about the event. Use positive
Eiffel Tower.
3. You can almost buy anything online. and negative adjectives, and adverbs of
You can buy almost anything online. frequency and degree.
4. John nearly pays £800 a month for rent. 4. D
ecide which ideas to include in your essay.
John pays nearly £800 a month for rent. Organise your ideas. Use the model in
Exercise 3 and the plan below to help you.
3. R
ead the essay below and circle adjectives that
describe what the writer sees, hears and smells. Then Plan
circle adverbs that modify verbs and adjectives. Opening: State what the event was and
when and where it took place.
Give a personal opinion.
Celebrating Musicals in New York Body: Describe the event in detail.
On a sunny Sunday afternoon last September, I was C
losing: Sum up the event and your
in Times Square, in New York City, for “Broadway on opinion.
Broadway”, a free outdoor event featuring songs and
dances from over 20 musicals. I usually don’t enjoy 5. Write a first draft.
crowded events, but this one was really wonderful!
6. U
se the checklist to check your work.
Thousands of people, laughing and talking, filled the Then write a final draft.
square. The festive atmosphere was enhanced by
mouth-watering aromas of hot dogs and roasted nuts Checklist
from nearby carts. Suddenly, there was a burst of loud I followed the plan for a description of an
music from the orchestra, and the show began. It was event.
an amazing two hours of dramatic singing and colourful I used a rich variety of adjectives and
costumes. Sometimes, the audience sang along – they adverbs.
actually sounded pretty good. Enormous speakers and
video screens meant that nobody missed a thing. I checked my grammar, spelling and
punctuation.
During the last song, millions of small, colourful pieces
I used adverbs and adverbial phrases
of confetti floated down on the crowd, and we all caught correctly.
some in our hands. It was a magical ending!
This event is always held in September, so if you’re ever
in New York then, don’t miss it!
See Writing Guide, Student’s Book page 143 37
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books
Progress Check Unit 4
Vocabulary Grammar
1. Complete the sentences with the words 3. Complete the sentences in reported speech.
below.
1. “Where have you been?”
firm • rhythm • odour • mood
My dad asked me where I had been .
pattern • purchase
2. “You should try the lasagne here.”
1. The shop is giving a free watch with every
Emily suggested trying the lasagne there / .
purchase of over £20. that I try the lasagne there
2. Don’t speak to Sally today. She’s in a bad 3. “Don’t let your dog eat chocolate.”
mood . The vet warned us not to let our dog eat .
chocolate
3. She works for the largest law firm in 4. “You’re interrupting me!”
the city. Susan complained that I was interrupting her.
4. The pattern on these shirts resembles
flowers. 4. R
ewrite the sentences using the words in
rhythm . brackets. Do not change the original meaning
5. The drummer in a band keeps the
of the sentences.
6. Cigarette smoke always leaves behind a strong
1. “Have you booked your plane ticket?” Diana
odour .
wanted to know. (whether)
Diana wanted to know whether I had
2. Match each sentence in I with a logical booked my plane ticket.
continuation in II. Pay attention to the 2. “The meat should be cooked for at least an
underlined words. hour,” Christine told me. (advised)
I Christine advised me to cook the meat
for at least an hour.
1. You don’t have to whisper. 3. “I’m not going to sing in front of everyone,”
2. I’m sorry I was staring at you. Andrew told me. (refused)
3. You’ll have to start over. Andrew refused to sing in front of
everyone.
4. Something stinks. 4. “Eileen won’t be here until later,” Sam informed
5. You should take advantage of everything here. us. (told)
6. We started up the company a year ago. Sam told us that Eileen wouldn’t be
there until later.
7. Don’t be afraid to stroke him.
8. I was too nervous to approach him. Writing
II 5. C
omplete the sentences with a suitable
8 a. But it was exciting to be in the same room adverb.
Possible Answers
as someone so famous. 1. I’m almost certain that the train leaves at
4 b. The smell is making me ill. 2.00. I’ve checked the timetable three times.
7 c. He’s a friendly cat. 2. He rarely goes abroad. I don’t think he’s
2 d. You look very familiar to me. been out of the country for at least three years.
6 e. So far, it hasn’t been successful. 3. I’m very angry with Laura. She read my
5 diary and told everyone about it.
f. There’s a lot to do in this city.
3 4. My mum often eats salad, but my dad
g. I forgot to push the “record” button.
doesn’t like vegetables at all.
1 h. Nobody else can hear us.
38
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books
Unit 4
39
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books
5
3. C
omplete the captions with the expressions
below.
fight back • turn ... into • get to
push ... around • break up
Families
Vocabulary 2 I decided to fight back this time!
1. T
he following sentences don’t make sense.
Make them logical by replacing the words and
phrases in bold with the correct word or phrase
in bold from a different sentence.
y aunt is self-centred. I’m so excited that she’s
1. M
going to have a baby! pregnant
2. T
hank you for everything you’ve done for me.
I’m very jealous. grateful 3 I don’t have to do it! You can’t push
3. My mum’s only nephew is her twin brother. me around !
sibling
e’s an only child, but he’s been dating
4. H
someone for quite a while. single
he girl was pregnant because everyone was
5. T
paying attention to the baby. jealous
6. I’m single. I don’t have brothers or sisters.
an only child
4 When do I get to play?
ou’re grateful. You’re not interested in other
7. Y
people! self-centred
8. I love being an uncle. I spoil my sibling by buying
him a lot of toys. nephew
2. C
hoose the correct answer. Pay attention to the
underlined words.
1. We cheered when we saw our good / bad marks.
usan is a widow. Her husband / brother was
2. S 5 I think Sally and Paul are
killed in a car crash. going to break up .
3. The decision / goal was made by the referee.
4. Let’s take a break and go back to work / relax.
5. I like all my relatives. I’m lucky to have such
a nice family / nice neighbours.
6. Spouses are invited to the party at my mum’s
office, so my dad / I will go with her.
40
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books
Unit 5
4. C
omplete the sentences with the correct form 6. C
omplete the e-mail with the correct form of
of the words below. the words and phrases below.
marry • frustrate • lose • prefer • sense brother-in-law • grow apart • get along
interest • construct • manage niece • cousin • bond • break up
1. T his maths problem is frustrating !
I can’t work it out.
2. In some cultures, it is traditional for a Shelly@gmail.com
married woman to wear a gold
or silver ring. Hi Shelly,
3. T hat’s not a sensible thing to do! This was supposed to be a nice family holiday in the
In fact, I think it’s quite stupid. country, but things aren’t going well so far. My sister
4. I like both chocolate and vanilla ice cream. and her husband, my 1. brother-in-law Bob,
I don’t have a preference . aren’t 2. getting along , and their arguments
5. What’s the name of the office manager ? are making everyone uncomfortable. They used to
have a strong 3. bond , but for some
6. My little brother loves to construct
reason, they’ve 4. grown apart recently. I
towers with wooden building blocks.
don’t think they want to 5. break up , but
7. Lost dogs often end up they’d better resolve their problems soon because
in shelters. their arguments are affecting their daughter. In fact,
e’s a very interesting man, and he tells
8. H this morning, my 6. niece told me that
fascinating stories about his past. she doesn’t want to get married. Isn’t that sad?
I hope that everything is calmer by Saturday for my
5. M
atch each sentence in I with a logical
great-grandfather’s 80th birthday party. Some
continuation in II. Pay attention to the
underlined words.
7. cousins who are around my age are
coming too, so I hope it’ll be a fun day.
I
1. Ellen doesn’t take after her mum. And by the way, how are my cats? I miss them – and
I’m so glad you’re looking after them!
2. Steve and David were raised in small villages.
Love,
3. This has nothing to do with Sue or Emma.
Gill
4. They had to settle for a one-room flat.
5. They nodded in agreement.
6. They didn’t flee the area.
7. C
omplete the sentences. Make them true
7. T hey found ancient pottery that had been for you.
buried thousands of years ago.
1. I would feel sad if I ever grew apart from
8. They smiled and faked it.
Accept all logical and grammatically .
correct answers.
II 2. People sometimes say I take after
3 a. They don’t even know about it. .
4 b. They couldn’t afford anything bigger. 3. One of my favourite relatives is
7 c. It was very deep in the ground. .
6 d. Instead, they stayed to help after the 4. I have inherited .
earthquake. 5. When someone tries to push me around, I
5 e. That’s how I knew they approved. .
2 f. When they were 18, they both left home. 6. When I take a break from studying, I like to
8 g. But I knew they weren’t having a good time. .
1 h. They’re not at all alike. 7. There’s a strong bond between me and
.
41
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books
Grammar
1. C
omplete the passage with the relative pronouns below.
There may be more than one correct answer.
where • which • that • who • when • whose
2. C
omplete the sentences with a suitable relative pronoun. Add commas where necessary. There may
be more than one correct answer. In which sentences can you omit the relative pronoun?
1. The play that/ which I saw last night was written by a teenager.
2. Arnold Schwarzenegger, who became famous as the star of the Terminator films ,
is the governor of California.
3. The week before exams is always a time when I spend hours in the library.
4. I’m reading about Steve Jobs, who was one of the founders of Apple Computers.
5. Let’s go to a nice place where we can have coffee and dessert.
6. Ellen, whose father is a TV reporter, is studying journalism at university.
7. The sunglasses which / I bought on sale are the best pair I’ve ever had.
that
The relative pronoun can be omitted in sentences 1 and 7.
3. R
ewrite the sentences with the words in brackets. Do not change the original meaning of the
sentences.
1. This is Linda. You will be working with her. (who)
This is Linda, who you will be working with.
2. I took a message for my sister. She was in the shower. (who)
I took a message for my sister, who was in the shower.
3. He downloads the songs. He gets them free online. (that)
He downloads the songs that he gets for free online.
4. I’m looking forward to next week. We’ll be on holiday then. (when)
I’m looking forward to next week, when we’ll be on holiday.
5. The company was established in 1995. It has been particularly successful since 2004. (which)
The company, which was established in 1995, has been particularly successful since 2004. /
The company, which has been particularly successful since 2004, was established in 1995.
42
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books
Unit 5
4. C
ombine the sentences with defining or non- 6. Correct the errors.
defining relative clauses. Add commas where 1. T he band that it first sang this song was My
necessary. Leave out the relative pronoun
Chemical Romance.
where possible.
The band that first sang this song was
1. W
e’re going to Chicago in December. It will be My Chemical Romance.
very cold then. 2. O
live oil is used in many countries, where it has
been produced for ages there.
We’re going to Chicago in December,
Olive oil is used in many countries,
when it will be very cold. where it has been produced for ages.
3. It’s hard to find a friend who you can rely on him.
2. S teve is always taking photographs. He wants to
It’s hard to find a friend who you can
become a professional photographer one day. rely on.
Steve, who is always taking photographs, 4. Ottawa, in where I was born, is in Canada.
wants to become a professional photographer
one day. / Steve, who wants to become a Ottawa, where I was born, is in Canada.
professional photographer one day, is always
taking photographs. 5. A
id is being provided to families whose their
3. H
ere is the brochure about the holiday resort.
We might go to it. homes were destroyed in the flood.
Here is the brochure about the holiday Aid is being provided to families whose
homes were destroyed in the flood.
resort that / which we might go to. / Here
is the brochure about the holiday resort
where we might go. 7. Translate the sentences.
4. S ue’s father is Japanese. Sue visits Japan every
1. T he issue we are discussing has nothing to do
July.
with you.
Sue, whose father is Japanese, visits El asunto que estamos discutiendo / del
que estamos hablando no tiene nada que
Japan every July. ver contigo.
2. Y
ou must be grateful to the people who have
5. H
er car was a gift from her parents. It was
always supported you.
stolen. Debes estar agradecido/a a la gente que
Her car, which was a gift from her
siempre te ha apoyado.
parents, was stolen. / Her car, which was 3. M
y cousin Jane, who is an only child, has plenty
stolen, was a gift from her parents.
of self-confidence.
Mi prima Jane, que es hija única, tiene
5. C
ombine the sentences using both the formal mucha confianza en sí misma.
structure and the informal structure. Use 4. I overheard the conversation which my parents
correct punctuation. were having in the next room.
Oí por causalidad la conversación
1. N
icole introduced me to the man. She had been que mis padres estaban teniendo en la
talking to him.
habitación de al lado.
5. J immy, whose parents died in a car accident, was
formal: Nicole introduced me to the man raised by his relatives.
to whom she had been talking. Jimmy, cuyos padres murieron en un
accidente de coche, fue criado por sus
informal: Nicole introduced me to the man familiares.
who she had been talking to.
2. H
urricane Katrina was a natural disaster. I am Grammar Review
writing a report about it.
8. Choose the correct answer.
formal: Hurricane Katrina was a natural
disaster about which I am e took a break after we has been studying /
1. W
writing a report. had been studying / were studying for hours.
informal: Hurricane Katrina was a natural
disaster which I am writing a 2. S teve denied being / to be / to have been
report about. responsible for the error.
3. T he letter has just been delivered. I have been 3. I’m so tired. I shouldn’t have / couldn’t have /
waiting for it. wouldn’t have stayed up so late last night.
formal: The letter for which I have been
4. I’m nervous about next week, when / that /
waiting has just been delivered. where I have three exams.
informal: The letter which I have been olin and Teri have been engaged /
5. C
waiting for has just been
delivered. were engaged / are engaged since April.
43
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books
reading All i n th e Fam ily
When I think about how my life will be after I finish
1. R
ead the opening sentence in the text. school, I can’t help thinking about how things might be
What can you infer from it? if I had a different family … .
a. The writer has finished school. If my parents were small-business owners, I could aspire
b. The writer hasn’t finished school. to be the “son” in one of those companies with names
like “Smith & Sons”. Wherever I go, I’m noticing this
2. R
ead the rest of the text and choose the
on signs all over London. I’ve even seen a “Dudley
correct answer.
Singleton & Daughter”, for an estate agent’s firm.
1. The New York Times ... .
a. is owned by Rupert Murdoch If my parents were media tycoons, I might have a
b. was owned by a different family a century realistic chance of running a newspaper or television
ago station. The respected newspaper The New York Times
c. is an important part of Murdoch’s company has been controlled by generations of the same family
d. has been run for over 100 years by one for more than a century. And some of the children of
family Rupert Murdoch – founder and head of a worldwide
2. Joely Richardson ... . media company – have held key positions in their
a. is Vanessa Redgrave’s granddaughter father’s businesses. Note to Mr Murdoch: if you’d like
b. belongs to a well-known acting family in to adopt a teenager, I’m available!
Britain If my parents were actors, I’m sure I could be a famous
c. is part of a famous American acting family film star like many of the actors today. Ben Stiller’s
d. is Sir Michael Redgrave’s daughter parents were a comedy duo for years; Kate Hudson’s
mother is actress Goldie Hawn; Michael Douglas’ father
3. F ind words or expressions in the text that is actor Kirk Douglas. Drew Barrymore comes from
mean the opposite of:
a long line of American actors, and Joely Richardson
1. unlikely, improbable (paragraph 3) realistic
is part of a distinguished British acting dynasty that
2. minor (paragraph 3) key includes her mum, Vanessa Redgrave, and grandfather,
3. achieved a goal (paragraph 5) fallen … Sir Michael Redgrave. In these cases, talent seems to be
short
in the blood!
4. F ind words or phrases in the text that mean
If my parents were in the music business, I might be
the same as:
a singer like Enrique Iglesias, the son of world-famous
1. pair (paragraph 4) duo
singer Julio Iglesias. On the other hand, John Lennon’s
2. inherited, genetic (paragraph 4) in the blood sons, Julian and Sean, have released CDs, but have fallen
3. determination (paragraph 6) drive far short of the success of their Beatle father – to whom
they’re inevitably compared.
5. Complete the sentences according to the text.
Obviously, family connections can help. But we
1. Dudley Singleton & Daughter is an example of
shouldn’t ignore the fact that success requires drive,
a father and son / daughter small business
. ability, talent and, of course, some luck – no matter who
2. Julian and Sean Lennon have not been as your family is.
successful as their father in the music .
business
44
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books
Unit 5
3. C
omplete the narrative with suitable expressions I followed the plan for a narrative.
of time and sequence. There may be more than one
I used a variety of expressions of time and
correct answer. sequence.
I used correct subject/verb agreement.
The Perfect Gift
Possible Answers I checked my grammar, spelling and
For as long as I can remember, my parents have given punctuation.
me disappointing birthday presents – things like shirts,
jeans and trainers, instead of rollerblades and video
games.1. At first , when I was younger,
I complained, but it didn’t do any good.
2. As time went on , I gave up, and my parents’
bad choices of birthday gifts became a family joke.
That’s why last Monday morning, on my 17th birthday,
I had no expectations. 3. As soon as
I walked into the kitchen, my parents said, “Happy
birthday!” 4. All of a sudden , my mum handed
me a present. The size and shape of the box made me
think “trainers”. “ Thanks! Great!” I said, faking more
enthusiasm than I felt. “ Try them on,” my mum
suggested. 5. When I lifted up one shoe,
I noticed something inside it. It was an iPhone. I was
so shocked I couldn’t speak. My dad said, “I think we
6. finally got you something you want!”
3. C
omplete the sentences with the correct form Writing
of the words in brackets.
1. Sharon is studying timemanagement(manage). 6. C
omplete the sentences with a suitable
interesting (interest) series. connector or time expression.
2. It’s an
1. At first , Michelle didn’t speak French
3. The airline passengers were frustrated
well, but eventually / , she became fluent.
(frustrate) by the long delay. as time went on
prefer 2. I had just fallen asleep when the phone
4. W
ould you (prefer) a table inside
suddenly rang. However, by the time
or on the patio?
I managed to answer it, the caller had hung up.
5. M
y grandparents are a happily married
(marry) couple.
46
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books
Unit 5
47
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books
6
2. Complete the puzzle using the clues below.
Across
3. This shirt is too large, so I’d like to it for a
smaller size.
4. We don’t swimsuits at this time of year, but
the sports shop has them all year round.
5. What of shampoo do you use?
6. There’s a huge on gym memberships this
A Good Buy
month. We can save 40%!
8. If you want to return an item, you must have
your .
9. I’m sorry you weren’t satisfied with the product,
sir. I’ll be happy to give you a full .
Vocabulary Down
1. Is rental of the scuba-diving included in the
price of the lessons?
1. C
omplete the dialogues with the correct form
of the words and phrases below. 2. These shoes are a real at only £20.
snap up • get rid of • afford • nag 6. Michelle has a large amount of credit-card .
stuff • merchandise • make excuses 7. I on dessert and ate a huge piece of
on sale • overpriced • pay the bills
chocolate cake.
make an effort • belongings
1 2
Mark: I had no idea that this shop was so expensive! g b
I can’t 1. afford anything, not even the 3
e x c h a n g e
things that are 2. on sale . a r
Rose: You’re right. Everything’s terribly 4
c a r r y g
3. overpriced , but it doesn’t seem to matter 5
b r a n d
to all of these customers who are
4. snapping up the shop’s i
6 7
5. merchandise , especially the sweaters. d i s c o u n t
Mark: I wonder if they’ll regret buying them when e p
they have to 6. pay the bills at the end of the b l
month. t u
8
s r e c e i p t
g
Mum: I want you to tidy up your room – today! I’m 9
r e f u n d
tired of seeing so many of your 7. belongings
d
on the floor and piled on your chair.
Lucy: I know! You keep 8. nagging me
about it! But I don’t have anywhere else to put some
of that 9. stuff !
Mum: Stop trying to 10. make excuses .
I’m sure you’ve got things you don’t wear or use any
more. I suggest that you 11. make an effort to look
through your things and see what you’re willing to
12. get rid of . We can donate it to the
charity shop, and then you’ll have plenty of space.
Lucy: But, Mum!
48
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books
Unit 6
3. C
omplete the sentences with the correct form 5. C
omplete the online consumer column with the
of do, make or pay. correct form of the words and phrases below.
1. I’ll speak with Edna about the problem, but that stock up on • shop around • afford
might do more harm than good. outlet • price tag • come to • merchandise
make go out of business
2. It took Joe quite a while to friends
at his new school.
3. We paid a fortune for the concert tickets,
Cyndi
Shopping with
but they were worth it.
4. They were in the neighbourhood, so they
For consumers who want
paid us a visit.
designer brands at prices they can
5. We order our groceries online now, so we don’t 1. afford , the best
have to go out to do the shopping. outlets
places to go are 2. .
6. Many of my friends now do their best 3. Merchandise ends up there for
to eat locally-grown food. various reasons. Some items may have small
7. His parents have refused to help him pay flaws, such as a missing button; others may
his debts. be from a previous season, or left over odd
sizes and colours; others come from small
4. C
hoose the correct answer. Pay attention to the clothing companies that have failed and
underlined words. 4. gone out of . To fully appreciate the
1. We had a huge bonfire on the beach / business
bargains you’re likely to get in an outlet,
in our flat yesterday. 5. shop around and take a look at the
2. My neighbour’s a doctor, whose pastime is price tags
6.
on things in trendy boutiques.
working in a hospital / painting landscapes.
Then, make your way to the nearest outlet and
3. Due to our culture of consumerism, many of us 7. stock up on clothing. You’ll be
eat / spend more than we should.
pleasantly surprised at how little the final bill
4. Some small shopkeepers lost customers when 8. comes to .
the new supermarket / cinema opened.
5. One of the benefits of living here is
6. Complete the sentences. Make them true for you.
being able to enjoy this incredible view /
having no view. 1. The gadget I couldn’t do without is
Accept all logical and grammatically .
6. I’ve got too many gadgets. For instance, I don’t correct answers.
need three MP3 players / frying pans. 2. My favourite pastime is
.
7. The company recently improved the
exercise equipment / working conditions in 3. The most recent bargain I got was
this sweatshop. .
8. We were teasing Sam, but he thought we were 4. My parents sometimes nag me
joking / serious. .
9. Every day, thousands of commuters / 5. The last time I did someone a favour
free newspapers are given out during rush hour .
in cities all over Europe. 6. When someone pays me a compliment, I feel
10. It took a long time to pick out a pair of .
earrings for Laura, but I eventually 7. I once exchanged
found the perfect gift for her / .
helped her get them out of her ears. 8. When I want to treat myself to something, I
splurge on
.
9. One of the benefits of living where I do is
.
49
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books
Grammar 3. C
omplete the thought bubbles with a logical
continuation.
Possible Answers
1
1. C
omplete the sentences with the correct form
of the verbs in brackets.
1. If Dave had smiled (smile), this would
have been a better photo of all of us.
2. It would be more pleasant to shop here if the
sales assistants were (be) a bit
nicer. I wish I I had taken the bus .
3. If you arrange the furniture differently, the
room will look (look) bigger. 2
4. Ron can’t exchange the DVD unless he
has (have) the receipt.
5. I wouldn’t have been able to afford this coat if
it hadn’t been (not be) on sale.
6. Call me when you arrive (arrive)
at the station.
7. You
shouldn’t/ (not buy) the shoes if If only I had studied .
mustn’t buy
they aren’t comfortable.
8. Let’s call Lesley. If she is (be) 3
at home now, we can pay her a visit.
9. I would have been angry if I
hadn’t received (not receive) a full refund.
10. Mary won’t be able to come to the party unless
someone gives (give) her a lift.
2. C
omplete the sentences. Do not change the I wish we had arrived earlier .
original meanings. There may be more than
one correct answer.
4
1. Jody hated the film, so she walked out in the
middle.
If Jody hadn’t hated the film, she
wouldn’t have walked out in the middle .
2. You can’t use the pool without being a hotel
guest.
Unless you’re a hotel guest, you can’t use
I wish I had bought petrol .
the pool .
3. I think you should buy those sunglasses.
were you, I’d buy those sunglasses 5
If I
.
4. Because I know everyone here, I’m not too
nervous about speaking to the group.
If I didn’tknow everyone here, I’d be
nervous about speaking to the group .
50
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books
Unit 6
4. C
omplete the passage with the correct form 6 . Correct the errors.
of the verbs in brackets.
1. She won’t buy that T-shirt unless they gave her a
Buy While You Fly discount.
She won’t buy that T-shirt unless they give
If you 1. could buy (buy) Internet her a discount.
access or train tickets during a flight to New 2. If it hadn’t snowed last night, the roads would
York or London,2. would you haven’t been slippery.
choose (choose) to do so? Passengers
If it hadn’t snowed last night, the roads
wouldn’t have been slippery.
on some flights are already being offered this kind 3. We wish we would go to the sale tomorrow.
of on-board retail service, and as soon as some We wish we could go to the sale tomorrow.
minor technological problems with in-flight sales 4. As soon as Sam will arrive, we’ll go out
3. are solved (solve), theatre and theme for dinner.
As soon as Sam arrives, we’ll go out for
4. may be offered
park tickets (may offer)
as well. If this 5. turns out (turn out)
dinner.
5. If only we knew the truth yesterday.
to be a profitable experiment, there’s little doubt If only we had known the truth yesterday.
that the trend will spread. Passengers interviewed
recently at London’s Heathrow Airport expressed 7. Translate the following sentences.
varying opinions on the subject. Patricia Lowry, who
1. Please let me know as soon as you make
frequently visits her boyfriend in New York, said,
a decision.
“I wish there 6. were (be) Internet
Por favor, házmelo saber / avísame tan
access on all flights. I 7. would pronto como tomes una decisión.
definitely use (use) it, even if I had 2. If I were you, I would pay back all my debts.
to pay a few pounds for it.” Robert Jones, a software Si yo estuviera en tu lugar / Yo, en tu
lugar, pagaría todas mis deudas.
designer, said, “I 8. would hate (hate) it if 3. I wish I hadn’t forgotten my belongings
I 9. had (have) to read and respond at the airport.
to work-related e-mails while flying. However, I Ojalá no hubiera olvidado mis
10. wouldn’t mind
(not mind) being able to buy pertenencias en el aeropuerto.
4. We wouldn’t have stocked up on olive oil
a Travelcard for the Underground on board.” What’s
if there hadn’t been a sale.
your opinion? Is there something you wish you No habríamos comprado tanto aceite de
11. had bought / (buy) on your last flight? oliva si no hubiera habido una oferta.
could have bought 5. If only we could get rid of all these old boxes.
Ojalá / Si al menos pudiéramos
5. R
ewrite the sentences with the words in deshacernos de todas estas cajas viejas.
brackets. Do not change the original meaning
of the sentences.
1. I didn’t bring my wallet, so I can’t buy this. (if)
If I had brought my wallet, I could/would have Grammar Review
bought this. / I could/would have bought this if
I had brought my wallet. 8. Choose the correct answer.
2. It’s too bad I don’t drive. (wish)
I wish I could drive. 1. My brother, who / whom / that none of you
have met, is finally coming to visit!
3. We aren’t going to the beach today because it’s
raining. (if) 2. They had worked / had been working /
If it weren’t raining, we would go to the worked for hours before they finally took a
beach. / We would go to the beach if it
weren’t raining. break.
4. I hate being so short! (wish)
3. Jessica suggested that we went / going /
I wish I weren’t so short.
to go to the beach.
5. I regret not studying for the exam. (if only) 4. My muscles hurt! I wish I didn’t work out /
If only I had studied for the exam. wouldn’t have worked out /
6. I won’t be able to concentrate if Gwen doesn’t hadn’t worked out so much yesterday.
turn down the music. (unless) 5. I can’t understand Jim unless he speaks /
Unless Gwen turns down the music, I won’t
be
able to concentrate. / I won’t be able to will speak / would speak slowly.
concentrate unless Gwen turns down the music.
51
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books
reading WHAT ARE THEY REALLY
SELLING YOU?
1. R
ead the text and decide who or what the There seems to be no escape from advertising.
words in bold refer to. We’re exposed to it through hoardings, on public
1. it (paragraph 1) advertising transport, in newspapers, magazines, in the
adverts cinema, on television and radio, online, and even
2. them (paragraph 2)
using sex appeal for on some mobile phones. Although the aim of
3. that (paragraph 3) advertising luxury / designer
brands advertising is to sell a product, the message is
4. them (paragraph 3) consumers rarely as simple as, “Buy This!” Instead, adverts
are usually designed to subtly influence a
2. F ind words in the text that mean the consumer by selling something beyond the
opposite of: product, such as an attitude, a personality, a
1. in an obvious way (paragraph 1) subtly lifestyle or a feeling of belonging.
2. easy to forget (paragraph 2) memorable Think about adverts you’ve seen recently. Most
3. in the same way (paragraph 2) conversely likely, many of them involve humour or sex
appeal – two popular approaches. Surprisingly,
3. C
hoose the correct answer according some advertising professionals say that humour
to the text. can be more effective than sex appeal, which is
1. Mobile phones are mentioned because ... . perhaps why it’s estimated to have a role in nearly
a. they’re simple to advertise a third of adverts. Apparently, humour quickly
b. of the way they’re advertised captures our attention and makes the product
c. adverts are sent to some of them memorable. Conversely, adverts that rely on sex
d. they all advertise products appeal – with, for instance, provocative photos of
2. Humorous advertisements ... . good-looking men or women – often focus
a. are less effective than adverts with sex people’s attention on the models rather than on the
appeal product or brand name.
b. account for approximately one-third of However, for luxury or designer brands, that is not
adverts necessarily a disadvantage. In adverts for high-end
c. don’t succeed in helping people products like expensive cars and clothing, sex
remember a product appeal is often paired with snob appeal. These
d. are the third most successful type types of adverts treat the brand as already so
well-known, respected and desired, that it’s
4. A
nswer the questions according to unnecessary to try to “sell” it to the targeted
information in the text. consumers. All that’s necessary is to remind them
1. Why is sex appeal not always successful of the privileged lifestyle that the brand
in an advert? represents.
Because it focuses people’s attention
on the models rather than on the Among the other advertising approaches used
product or brand name. are celebrity spokespeople (George Clooney
2. What is the message in some selling coffee machines), self-improvement (a
adverts for luxury brands? favourite in cosmetics adverts), nostalgia (often
To remind consumers of the used for everyday, “unexciting” products, such as
privileged lifestyle that the breakfast cereals), and crowd appeal (often used
brand represents. to sell gadgets, by implying that “everyone” is
3. What is breakfast cereal buying and talking about them).
an example of?
It is an example of a The next time an advertisement touches your
product that sometimes uses emotions, makes you feel envious, or tempts you
nostalgia as an advertising to buy a product, stop for a moment and analyse
approach. why!
52
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books
Unit 6
Read the text and summary below. Underline the two writing a Summary
unnecessary sentences in the summary.
1. R
ead the original text carefully and decide
which facts to include. Choose only the
main ideas, leaving out less important
Faces, Faces, Everywhere
details, as well as examples.
Since 1916, Planters Peanuts, a popular
American product, has featured a character 2. W
rite this information in one paragraph.
called Mr Peanut on its product labels and Paraphrase rather than copy the
in adverts. For more than a century, information. Shorten sentences or combine
them in order to be more concise.
advertisements for Tio Pepe have featured
a bottle of the product wearing clothes, our first attempt will probably be too long.
3. Y
Look it over carefully in order to find:
and those for Michelin, the French tyre, map
a. points you can delete while still
and guidebook company, have used the
preserving the main idea.
Michelin Man – who looks as if he’s made of tyres.
b. places where you can make your
What these, and countless other examples, have in language more concise.
common is that they all present a product with distinctly
human characteristics. And that, according to some recent 4. A
reader of your summary should be able
studies, may be part of the reason for their success. to get the main idea of what the article is
about. See whether this is true about your
One study by researchers from the University of summary. If not, have you included enough
Toronto and the University of Chicago found that people information? You may have to omit a minor
respond most positively to packaging or products which point and add a more important point.
look human. The tendency to see a face in an object
is particularly pronounced when it comes to cars. In 5. M
ake sure the sentences in your paragraph
follow each other smoothly and make a
a recent study, nearly one-third of the participants logical whole.
perceived the fronts of cars as faces, and even saw them
as having happy, serious or aggressive expressions. Checklist
As for why we see human forms and faces in objects and I followed the steps for a summary.
give them human traits, some researchers think the reason
is that this evolved as an important survival skill during I included only the main ideas.
human development. This caused the brain to eventually I paraphrased rather than copied.
become biologically programmed to see “faces” everywhere.
My summary forms a logical whole.
Summary:
I simplified my sentences where possible.
Both the Michelin Man and a Tio Pepe bottle, dressed
like a person, have been used in the companies’ adverts I checked my grammar, spelling and
for over 100 years. Recent research has shown punctuation.
that people react most favourably to products
that resemble a person. The study on how people
perceived cars was done by researchers from two
universities. The tendency to see faces in objects
may have developed biologically because being
able to recognise and understand facial
expressions was crucial for survival as man
developed.
54
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books
Unit 6
55
Viewpoints 2 Workbook © B Burlington Books