Tutorial Sheet-2 Autumn 2019

MATHEMATICS-I(MA10001)

1. Determine the following limits using L’Hospital rule:

1 x +1
a) lim (1 − 2x ) b) lim xsin x
x →∞ x →0+
1
c) lim ( sinx x ) x d) lim ( 2−21cos x − 1
x2
)
x →0 x →0
log(sin x )
e) lim | sin x | x f ) limπ ( π − x )2
x →0 x→ 2
2 x +3 x 1 p
n
g) lim ( 2 ) x h) lim { x − ( x − 1)( x − 2) . . . ( x − n)}
x →0 x →∞

2. a) Find the value of a for which the limit

sin( ax ) − sin x − x
lim
x →0 x3
is finite and evaluate the limit.

b) Find the values of a and b such that

cos( ax ) − b
lim = −1.
x →0 2x2

3. Use Taylor’s theorem to prove that

x2
a) x − 2 < log(1 + x ) < x for x > 0.
x2
b) cos x ≥ 1 − 2 for −π < x < π.

x x2
√ x
c) 1 + 2 − 8 < 1+x < 1+ 2 for x > 0.

4. Let c ∈ R and a real function f be such that f 00 is continuous on some neighbour-

hood of c. Prove that
f (c + h) − 2 f (c) + f (c − h)
lim = f 00 (c).
h →0 h2

5. Let a ∈ R and a real function f defined on some neighbourhood N ( a) of a such

that f 00 is continuous at a and f 00 ( a) 6= 0. Prove that lim θ = 21 , where θ is given by
h →0
f ( a + h) = f ( a) + h f 0 ( a + θh) (0 < θ < 1).

1
 6. Each of the series in the following is the value of the Taylor series at x = 0 of a
function f ( x ) at a particular point. What function and what point? What is the sum
of the series?

π3 π5 π7
a) π − 3! + 5! − 7! +...
2 4 8
b) 3 − 18 + 81 −...

c) √1 − 9√1 3 + 451√3 − . . .
3

7. Using Taylor series expansion, evaluate

xe x −log(1+ x )
a) lim ( 1x − 1
sin x ) b) lim x2
x →0 x →0
tan x − x cosh x −cos x
c) lim 2 d) x sin x
x →0 x tan x

8. If f is continuous at x0 , and there are constants a0 and a1 such that

f ( x ) − a0 − a1 ( x − x0 )
lim ,
x → x0 x − x0
then prove that a0 = f ( x0 ), f is differentiable at x0 , and f 0 ( x0 ) = a1 .
9. Find the Maclaurin’s infinite series expansion for

a) e x , x ∈ R
b) log(1 + x ), x ∈ (−1, 1]
c) e x cos x, x ∈ R
10. Obtain the fourth degree Taylor’s polynomial approximation to f ( x ) = e2x about
x = 0. Find the maximum error when 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5.
√
11. Using Taylor’s series find the approximate value of a) 1.5 and b) cos 31◦ .
12. Obtain the Maclaurin’s series expansion of f ( x ) = sin(m sin−1 x ), where m is a
constant.
13. For the Taylor’s polynomial approximation of degree less than or equal to n about
the point x = 0 for the function e x , determine the value of n such that the error
satisfies | Rn ( x )| ≤ 0.005, when −1 ≤ x ≤ 1.
14. Can the function f ( x ) defined by f ( x ) = sin 1x for x 6= 0 and f (0) = 0 be expanded
by Maclaurin’s theorem?
15. Find the Taylor’s series expansion of sin2 x upto five terms with Lagrange’s form of
remainder.
16. Find the Maclaurin’s series expansion of tan−1 x upto four terms with Lagrange’s
form of remainder.