THE UNIVERSITY OF ZAMBIA

SCHOOL OF NATURAL SCIENCES

DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS & STATISTICS
MAT 2100 – Analytic Geometry and Calculus

Tutorial Sheet 3

1. Find the equation of the tangent line and normal line to the curve with the indicated
conditions:
x2
(a) y = 9
− y 2 = 1 at x = 6
p √
(b) f (x) = 3 + x + x at x = 4
√

(c) y 2 (y 2 − 4) = x2 (x2 − 5) at the point ( 5, 0
√

(d) y = cosh x2 + 1
3 1
13
(e) y = (x − 2) 2 (x + 1) 2 with gradient 5
.
√

2. The tangent line to the curve y = ln ax + b at the point (5, ln 5) is parallel to the line
8y − 2x = 15.

(a) Find the values of a and b.

(b) Find the equation of the normal line to the curve at the point (5, ln 5).

3. Determine whether the functions below satisfy the hypotheses of the Rolle’s theorem on
the given interval. If they do, find all numbers c that satisfy the conclusion of the theorem.
√
(a) f (x) = 12 x − x on [0, 4]
(b) f (x) = |x| on [1, 2]
(c) h(x) = 22x+1 − 3.2x + 1 on [−1, 0]
(d) f (x) = 4x − tan πx on [− 14 , 14 ].

4. Decide whether the Mean Value Theorem applies to the given function on the given
interval. If it does, find all possible values of c.
√
(a) f (x) = 25 − x2 , [−5, 3]
(b) f (x) = x + x1 , [ 12 , 2]
1
(c) f (t) = , [0, 2].
t−1

1
 5. For each of the given functions f and g, apply the Cauchy Generalized Mean Value theorem
to find the value(s) c inside the given interval.

f (x) = x2 , g(x) = x3 , [1, 2]

f (x) = cos x, g(x) = sin x, [0, π2 ]

6. Suppose that f is continuous on [0, 21 ] and 0.3 ≤ f 0 (x) < 1 for 0 < x < 21 . Prove that
0.15 ≤ [f ( 21 ) − f (0)] < 0.5.

7. Find the nth Maclaurin polynomial of the following functions:

1
(a) f (x) = sin x (b) f (x) = (1+2x)2
(c) f (x) = ln[(1 − x)(1 − 2x)]

8. Find the nth Taylor polynomial of the following functions at x0 = c:

(a) f (x) = x1 , c = 2
π
(b) f (x) = cos x, c = 2
1
(c) f (x) = (1−x)2
, c=2

9. For each given n and x0 , find Pn (x):

(a) f (x) = sec x, x0 = 0, n = 2

(b) f (x) = esin x , x0 = 0, n = 2
(c) f (x) = x2 cos x, x0 = π, n = 2

10. Use differentials to approximate the following:

√ √ √
(a) 6
65 (b) 0.037 (c) 3.9 + (3.9)2 + 1

11. Use differentials to approximate the increase in the surface area of a bubble when its
radius increases from 4 centimetres to 4.1 centimetres.

12. Use the definition of the limit to show that:

√ √ √
 
x−2
(a) lim x = c for c > 0 (b) lim
√ √ √ =2 2
x→c x→ 2 x− 2
 2 
2 2x + 5x − 3 3
(c) lim (x + 4x − 5) = 7 (d) lim 2
=
x→2 x→−1 x + 3x − 2 2
13. Evaluate the following limits:
ln sin2 x sin−1 x
   
 
(a) lim+ (b) lim+ (c) lim+ (ex − 1)sin x
x→0 ln tan x x→0 sin2 (3x) x→0
"  12 #
cos x sin x x x 3
(d) lim (tan x) (e) lim (f ) lim (x + e 3 ) x
x→ π2 − x→0 x x→0

2
14. Find the curvature and radius of curvature of the curves below at the indicated point:

(a) y = x2 + 2x, x = 0
(b) x = ln | cos y|, y = 2π
√
(c) y = 34 16 − x2 , x = 0

15. Sketch the circle of curvature for each of the following curves at the given point:

(a) y = 3x − 2, x = a, a > 0
(b) y = 2x2 + 3, x = −1

(c) y = cos 2x, x = 2π

(d) y = x3 , x = 2

16. A curve is given by

π
y = ln | sec x|, 0 ≤ x < .
2
Find an intrinsic equation of the curve in the form s = g(ψ), where s is measured from the
point (0, 0) and ψ is the angle the tangent to the curve makes with the positive x−axis.

17. A curve is given by

1 3
y = (2x + 1) 2 , x ≥ 0.
3
Find an intrinsic equation of the curve in the form s = g(ψ), where s is measured from the
point (0, 31 ) and ψ is the angle the tangent to the curve makes with the positive x−axis.

18. A curve is given by

π
y = ln | sin x|, ≤ x < π.
2
Find an intrinsic equation of the curve in the form s = g(ψ), where s is measured from the
point (0, 0) and ψ is the angle the tangent to the curve makes with the positive x−axis.