Assessment of The Implementation On The

COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES
CENTRAL MINDANAO UNIVERSITY

University Town Musuan, Bukidnon
DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL SCIENCES

APPROVAL SHEET
The thesis attached hereto entitled “ASSESSMENT ON THE LEVEL

OF IMPLEMENTATION AND EFFECTIVENESS OF DISASTER
PREPAREDNESS ACTIVITIES IN THE CITY OF VALENCIA,
BUKIDNON: 2011-2015”, prepared and submitted by Kimberly B. Acuevas in
partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Bachelor of Arts in Political
Science, is hereby recommended for approval.
HERMIE P. PAVA, MPoSc, ECNS,CSP, CCSSM,OSHP

Adviser and Chairman, Thesis Advisory Committee
ANGELITA I. JACOBE, MA
Member, Thesis Advisory Committee
MARJORIE T. SOBRADIL, MPA

Member, Thesis Advisory Committee
Approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree

BACHELOR OF ARTS IN POLITICAL SCIENCE.
MAY ALINIE POSTRANO- BUTALID, MPoSc

Chairperson, Department of Social Sciences
VELLORIMO J. SUMINGUIT, Ph.D.

Coordinator, College Research Coordinator
ROLITO G. EBALLE, Ph.D.

Dean, College of Arts and Sciences
MARIA ESTELA B. DETALLA, Ph.D.

Director of Research
Research Project No. 8548_

Date of Completion: March 2016
II
Biographical Sketch
Name: KIMBERLY BALLETA ACUEVAS

Degree: Bachelor of Arts in Political Science
Thesis Tittle: ASSESSMENT ON THE LEVEL OF IMPLEMENTATION AND

EFFECTIVENESS OF DISASTER PREPAREDNES ACTIVITIES
IN THE CITY OF VALENCIA, BUKIDNON: 2011-2015
Personal Data:
Born on February 22, 1996 in Dr. Memorial Hospital, Barotac Nuevo
Iloilo City, the first child among the siblings of Mr. Francis P. Acuevas
and Mrs. Delia B. Acuevas. Presently residing at P-10 Batangan
Valencia City, Bukidnon.
Education:
Primary: Batangan Central Elementary School

Batangan Valencia City, Bukidnon
Academic year: 2002-2008
Secondary: Valencia National High School

Valencia City, Bukidnon
Tertiary: Central Mindanao University

University Town, Musuan, Bukidnon
Curricular and Extra-Curricular Achievements/ Affiliations:

League of Political Science Students, member, 2012-2016
St. Bernadette Youth, Sergeant at arms, 2015-2016
St. Bernadette Youth Parish Choir, member, 2015-2016
Alternative Learning Center, Wilding, Vice President, 2015-2016
Women’s Organization Batangan, member, 2015-2016
Ace Warrior Basketball team (Women), 2013
Blood Hounds Basketball Team (women), 2014-2015
III
Seminars attended:
Participant, Seminar on Voters Education (2015)

Participant, Seminar on International Food Laws (2015)
Participant, Anti-Drug Abuse and Anti-Smoking Symposium (2015)
Participant, Career Guidance Seminar (2015)
Participant, Gender Sensitivity Training Program (2016)
Participant, Seminar on Food Laws (2013)
Participant, Seminar on Global Network of Magellan Cities in Cebu
City (2016)
Participant, Biodiversity of Tanzania Symposium (2015)
Participant, Animal Symposium (2014)
IV
It is my honor and pride to dedicate this work to:
The victims of calamities in Valencia City.
My very supportive and loving family,
Papa Francis, Mama Diday and to my brother,
To my cousin Trixie Mae.
And to my Friends;
Checky, Sheila, Ericko, Justin, Jann, Zim, Junie,
Rossel, Princess, Felipp and ate Michelle.
… Thank you for being my source of inspiration
V
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The author would like to acknowledge and extend her heartfelt gratitude to
ALL who have made the completion of this study possible.
First and foremost to God. To our Almighty Father, who made everything
possible, for giving her strength to carry on, guidance, wisdom, determination,
courage, hope and most of all hHis LOVE.
To Prof. Hermie P. Pava, her thesis adviser, for without him, the success of
this thesis would not be made possible. To all the comments, lessons,
encouragements and all the pressures that inspired her to work harder on her
study.
To Ms. Angelita I. Jacobe, Ma and Ms. Marjorie T. Sobradil, the thesis
members of the Advisory Committee, for the helpful comments and criticisms
that taught the author to improve her manuscript.
To the her very supportive family, Mama Delia, to her brother John Paul, to
her auntie Maribeth, to her cousin Trixie and for all her relatives for their
unconditional love support and for encouraging her to pursue her dreams.
To her father, Papa Francis, who sent her to school, for to his hard work so
that she can go in order her to school, for the love, care and for always reminding
her of the importance of education and dignity.
VI
To her ALS Wilding friends, for the prayers, moral support, and for to
encouraginge her to pursue her dreams and of course for the joyful moments.
To her belligerent friends; Checky, Sheila, Rossel, Ate Mich, Princess,
Ericko, Justin, Jann, Zim, Felipp and Junie, who witnessed the hardships of
the author in accomplishing her thesis, for the moral support, for all the laugh
trips, the funny moments and serious modes they shared, also for making her
college life colorful and wonderful that wherever they are in their lives they will
always remain friends.
To her thesis mates, Agot, Sheila, Allyza, Jessiebel and Junie, for the
hardships, laughter and for sharing their experiences in life and for being part of
her success in her studiesy.
The author would also like to extend her gratitude to accommodating officials
of CDRRMO of Valencia City, to the respective barangay officials and to the
respondents who had been part of her study.
To each individual who have been part of making this thesis possible
…THANK YOU SO MUCH!!
KIM ♥ACUEVAS
VII
ABSTRACT
ASSESSMENT ON THE LEVEL OF IMPLEMENTATION AND

EFFECTIVENESS OF DISASTER PREPAREDNESS ACTIVITIES IN THE
CITY OF VALENCIA CITY, BUKIDNON: 2011-2015 by Kimberly B.
Acuevas, Bachelor of Arts in Political Science, Department of Social Sciences,
College of Arts and Sciences, March 2016.
Thesis Adviser Hermie P. Pava, MPosc, ECNS,CSP,CCSSM,OSHP

The study sought to assess the level of implementation and effectiveness of
Disaster Preparedness activities in the city of Valencia, Bukidnon: 2011-2015.
This study aimed: (1) to identify what are the Disaster Risk Reduction
Management activities being implemented from 2011- August 2015 in the area of
preparedness; (2) to evaluate the level of implementation of DRRM activities
implemented by the DRRMO of Valencia, Bukidnon in the area of preparedness;
(3) to evaluate the level of effectiveness of the DRRM activities implemented by
DRRMO of Valencia, Bukidnon in the area of Preparedness; (4) to identify and
evaluate the problems encountered and solutions that have been addressed by the
CDRRMO of Valencia, Bukidnon in relation toof disaster preparedness activities;
(5) to identify the problems experienced/ encountered by the victims of disaster
from the year 2011- august 2015 in the City of Valencia, Bukidnon.
The study revealed that majority of the respondents answered flash flood as the
main natural disaster that hit Valencia City, Bukidnon in the year 2011-2015. As
revealed in the study the stockpiling of foods and relief goods was rated as highly
implemented with a mean value of 1.33.
As a whole, the preparedness activities implemented by the city Disaster Risk
Reduction and Management council of Valencia City were rated as moderately
implemented with an average mean of 1.67 and also moderately effective with an
average mean of 1.87.
The main problems are the lack of awareness of the people about the
disaster preparedness (2) lack of discipline of the people and (3) lack of
evacuation center. The study further revealed that the problems experienced by
the victims of disasters were the lack of budget from the side of the government
intended for disaster victims, there is no immediate response during disasters.
Lastly, the practice of favoritism and bias among barangay officials is also
identified as a problem by victims if disasters
Keywords: Assessment, DRRM, Disaster Preparedness
VIII
TABLE OF CONTENTS
IX
TITLE
APPROVAL SHEET ii
BIOGRAPHICAL SKECTH iii
DEDICATION v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT vi
ABSTRACT viii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ix
LIST OF TABLES xi
LIST OF FIGURES xiii
CHAPTER
I. INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Statement of the Problem 3
1.2 Objectives of the Study 4
1.3 Significance of the Study 5
1.4 Scope and Limitation 6
1.5 Definitions of Terms 7
1.6 Conceptual Framework 9
II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 11
III. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 32
3.1 Research Locale 32

3.2 Research Instrument Research 33
3.3 Respondents of the Study 34
3.4 Research Design 36
IV. PRESENTATION OF DATA AND ANALYSIS 37
4.1 Demographic Profile of the Respondents 37

4.2 Disaster Preparedness Activities and its Level of Implementation and 42
Level of Effectiveness
4.3 Problems and Perceived Solution that had been addressed by the 58
MDRRMO of the Municipality of Maramag, Bukidnon
V. SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS 59
5.1 Summary 59
5.2 Conclusion 61
X
5.3 Recommendations 63
BIBLIOGRAPHY 64
APPENDICES 67
7.1 Letter to the City Mayor

7.2 Letters to the Punong Barangay
7.3 Letters to the Respondents
7.4 Questionnaire
XI
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE Title Page No.

NUMBER
1 Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the 37
Respondents According to Age

Respondents According to Sex
3 Frequency and percentage Distribution of the 39

Respondents According to Occupation

Respondents According to the Years of Residency in the
Research Locale
5 General Presentation of Disaster Preparedness Activities, 42

Mean, Descriptive Value and Rank with its Level of
Implementation and Effectiveness
8 Presentation of Activities, Mean, Descriptive Value and 47

Rank on the Acquisition of Warning Device and
Emergency Signal with its Level of Implementation and
Effectiveness
9 Presentation of Activities. Mean, Descriptive Value and 49

Rank on the Conduct Trainings with its Level of

Rank on the Conduct of Seminars with its Level of

Rank on the Purchase of Rescue Equipments with its
Level of Implementation and Effectiveness

Rank on the Purchase of Office Equipments with its
Level of Implementation and Effectiveness
XII
12 Presentation of the Problems and Solutions that had been 58
addressed by the MDRRMO of the Municipality of
Maramag, Bukidnon in relation to Disaster Preparedness
Activities
XIII
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURES Title Page

No.
Figure 1 Conceptual Frame of the Study 9
Figure 2 Map of The City of Valencia and Landslide Susceptibility Map of 33

Valencia Quadrangle Bukidnon, Province, Philippines
XIV
Chapter I
Introduction
Disaster can kill and damage lives and properties in just a blink of an eye.
Disaster can even paralyze a government as evidenced by super Typhoon Yolanda
with an international name of “HAIYAN”. Now, natural and human induced
disasters are the primary problems of countries that are prone to disasters.
The Philippines is situated along a highly seismic area lying along the
Pacific Ring of Fire where two major tectonic plates meet. Throughout the
recorded history of the Philippines, disaster in various parts of the country has
been reported. Floods and storms have been the most frequently occurring
hazards. Tropical storms or typhoons accompanied by the heavy rains and strong
winds that may result in floods, landslides, and storm surge are the most prevalent
types of hazards in the country. Aside from natural hazards, the Philippines also
experience human-induced disasters brought about or influenced by political and
socio-economic factors among others.
Region X was also included in this., iIn fact, in the year 2010, many
municipalities and cities were affected by the typhoon “Pablo”, many lives haves
been taken, infrastructure and buildings haves been destroyed and thousands of
casualties haves been recorded. In Bukidnon, the City of Valencia was also
affected by the said typhoon. It was reported that Valencia cCity was one of those
that has been badly affected. Several Bbarangays in Valencia City has been
1
inundated by flood especially the Barangays of Batangan, Tongan-tongan, and
Barangay Poblacion.
In 2010, the Philippine government enacted Republic Act nNo.10121 also
known as the “Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act. The law
places primacy on disaster preparedness to avert possible damage to lives and
properties.
This study therefore primarily seeks to determine the level of
implementation and effectiveness of disaster preparedness activities based on the
preparedness plan created and implemented by the CDRRMC covering the
periods 2011- August 2015. This study will also delve on the level of
effectiveness of the disaster preparedness activities with the end in view to
provide the best possible solutions to the problems encountered by the CDRRMC
in the implementation of its plan and programs under the thematic area of disaster
preparedness.
2
Statement of the Problem
The study aims to evaluate the level of implementation and effectiveness on
the implementation of Disaster Risk Reduction Management activities in the area
of disaster preparedness in the City of Valencia, Bukidnon.
Specifically, the study seeks to answer the following questions:
1. What are the Disaster Risk Reduction Management activities being implemented
by the DRRMO of the City of Valencia, Bukidnon from 2011-August2015 along
the thematic area of disaster preparedness.

2. What is the level of implementation of the DRRM activities implemented by the
DRRMO of the City of Valencia, Bukidnon in the area of disaster preparedness?

3. What is the level of effectiveness of the DRRM activities implemented by the
DRRMO of the City of Valencia, Bukidnon in the area of disaster preparedness?

4. What are the problems encountered and solutions that have been address by the
DRRMO of the City of Valencia, Bukidnon in relation to disaster preparedness
activities?
5. What have been the problems experienced/encountered by the victims of disasters
from the year 2011-August 2015 in the City of Valencia. Bukidnon?.
Objectives of the Study
3
Generally, the study aims to assess the level of implementation and
effectiveness of DRRM activities in the area of preparedness in the City of
Valencia, Bukidnon.
Specifically, this study seeks:
1. To identify what are the disaster risk reduction management activities being
implemented by the CDRRMO of Valencia, Bukidnon from 2011- August 2015 in
the area of disaster preparedness.

2. To evaluate the level of implementation of the DRRM activities implemented by
DRRMO of Valencia, Bukidnon in the area of disaster preparedness.

3. To evaluate the level of effectiveness of the DRRM activities implemented by
DRRMO of Valencia, Bukidnon in the area of disaster preparedness

4. To identify and evaluate the problems encountered and solutions that have been
addressed by the CDRRMO of Valencia, Bukidnon in relation toof disaster
preparedness activities.
5. To identify the problems experienced/encountered by the victims of disaster from
the year 2011-August 2015 in the City of Valencia, Bukidnon.
Significance of the Study
The study is deemed relevant based on the following justifiable reasons:
4
1. The study may serves as basis on the evaluation of the degree of implementation
and effectiveness by the LDRRMC in the area of preparedness of DRRM if
indeed the local officials have complied with the requirements set forth under
R.A. 10121.
2. The study may serves as basis for the CDRRMO to review or reassess their
preparedness activities that they have conducted/implemented in the City of
Valencia in relation to disaster preparedness activities.

3. The study is significant since the DRRM Law is facing the prospect of being
amended, hence the results of this study will serve as reference for the policy-
makers to make improvements in its provisions should the need arise.

4. The study may serves as a reference for the future researchers who will embark on
the same line of study.
Scope and Delimitation
The study focuseds and is limiteds only on the identification of Disaster
Risk Reduction Management activities as well as on the evaluation on the level of
implementation and effectiveness of Disaster Risk Reduction Management
5
activities in the City of Valencia, Bukidnon in the year 2011-August 2015
particularly in the area of preparedness as prescribe under R.A. 10121. The study
also delved into the problems encountered by the municipality in the
implementation of R.A. 10121 in the area of preparedness of Disaster Risk
Reduction Management in the City of Valencia, Bukidnon and soughtearch for the
perceive solutions to address the problems being encountered in the
implementation.
The study covereds the last 4 years and eight months (2011- August 2015)
of implementation and the respondents are the recipients of the programs as well
as the City Officials who are elected in the 2010 and 2013 elections of the City of
Valencia.
Definition of Terms
To establish a common frame and to facilitate better understanding of the
research, the following terms are defined below as they were used in the study:
6
Assessments- method of evaluating performance of Disaster Risk Reduction
Management activities in terms of emergency response, reconstruction and
recovery, prevention and mitigation, and preparedness.
Disaster Risk Reduction Management- the systematic process of using
administrative directives, organizations, and operational skills and capacities to
implement strategies, policies and improved coping capacities in order to lessen
the adverse impacts of hazards and the possibility of disaster.
Level of Effectiveness- the degree to which objectives are achieved and the
extent to which targeted problems are solved or measures of doing the right thing:
not effective, slightly effective, moderately effective, effective and very effective.
Level of Implementation- measure of the work done: not implemented, less
implemented, moderately implemented, moderately implemented, implemented
and highly implemented.
Solutions- solutions identified based on the perceptions or suggestions of the
respondents.
Problems- problems identified based on the perceptions or suggestions of the
respondents.
Preparedness- the knowledge and capacities developed to respond and act in
times of disasters.
7
Conceptual Framework
CDRRMO
City Disaster Risk Reduction
Management Office
8
R.A. 10121
F (Disaster Risk Reduction and

Management Act of 2010)
E
E
D
B DISASTER PREPAREDNESS
A
C
K Activities and Level of
Implementation and effectiveness
F
E
Problems Encountered and Solutions
E
D
B
A
Figure 1.
C
K
Figure 1. Scope of Analysis
Figure 1 illustrates the flow of the study. The City Disaster Risk
Reduction Management Council that was created by virtue of Republic Act No.
10121, otherwise known as the Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management Act of 2010, mandates the Cities/Municipalities to activate their
9
CDRRMO/MDRRMC tasked to effectively implement the activities and the level
of implementation and effectiveness of the DRRM activities in disaster
preparedness in the City of Valencia.
The Figure also reflects the problems encountered and solutions by the
respondents of the study on the activities and its level of implementation and
effectiveness along with the disaster preparedness activities of DRRM. The
opinions/perceptions of the respondents about the study were in the form of
feedback that serves as an input back to the CDRRMO to enhance, improve, and
effectively implement R.A. 10121 in the grassroots level.
Chapter II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Disasters have always been a result of human interaction with nature,
technology and other living entities. Sometimes unpredictable and sudden,
sometimes slow and lingering, various types of disasters continually affect the
way in which we live our daily live (USAID, 2011). Disaster impedes human
development. Gains in development are inextricably linked to the level of
exposure to disaster risk within any given community. In the same light, the level
of disaster risk prevalent in a community is linked to the developmental choices
10
exerted by that community (UNDP, 2004). As defined by the Republic Act 10121,
or the Philippine Risk Reduction Management Act of 2010, disaster is a serious
matter involving widespread human, material, economic or environmental loses
and impacts, which exceeds the ability of the affected community of society to
cope using its own resources. It is often described as a result of the combination
of the exposure to a hazard; the conditions of vulnerability that are present; and
insufficient capacity or measures to reduce or cope with the potential negative
consequences. Its impacts may include loss of life, injury, disease and other
negative effects on human, physical, mental and social well-being, together with
damage to property, destruction of aspects, loss of services, social and economic
disruption and environmental degradation. Disaster impact, loss of infrastructure,
production and human life are, except in very exceptional cases, directly related to
the levels of preexisting social vulnerability. The types, structure and levels of
vulnerability that exist when the event occurs precondition the damage any
particular physical event can cause (Blaikie et al, 1994; Hewitt,1997).A disaster is
widely perceived as an event that is beyond human control; the capricious hand of
fate moves against unsuspecting communities creating massive destruction and
prompting victims to call for divine support as well as earthly assistance. Surely
these people would have acted divergently had the risks been known and now
they must depend on others for humanitarian aid with which to rebuild their
shattered communities (Comfort,1999). Risk and disaster are complex social
problems. Many partial disciplinary approaches to their study have been promoted
11
with important analytical and practical results. Despite this, the complex nature of
the topic also requires integrated, holistic approaches that are capable of providing
a general theory of disaster. Partial approaches often lead to partial or biased
conclusions. The disaster-development discussion has suffered from this problem.
Amongst the problems confronted, the use of inadequate temporal analytical
frameworks is of particular importance. Disasters, in the same way as other types
of economic or social crises, have a life history. This includes the period of
maturation in which the structural conditions for disaster are established, the
period of onset and development of disaster conditions as such, and the
subsequent responses of society during what are known as the relief, rehabilitation
and reconstruction "phases". In the jargon of disaster experts, these distinct
moments are somewhat inaccurately portrayed as the “before”, “during “and “post
disaster” stages (LAVELL, .A. 1999).If disasters are to be addressed as ongoing
problems rather than occasional crises it will be necessary to engage national and
international participants including public, private and nonprofit sectors in a
collective effort to reduce hazards. Among others this requires addressing the
following tasks: identifying participating organizations, establishing mechanisms
of communication and information exchange among them, developing a set of
common standards for assessing performance on the shared goal of risk reduction,
and scheduling regular periods for review of existing conditions, feedback to all
participants, and revision of action strategies across the region. Research has
shown that specially social and demographic groups are more vulnerable to loss,
12
or face greater difficulties during recovery from disaster. Representatives of, or
advocates for, such groups as women, ethnic minorities, the disabled, the very old
and the very young need to be included in the design and implementation of
recovery, prevention and mitigation activities (Fordham, 1998; Oliver-Smith,
1991; Bolin, 1986; Bolin and Stanford, 1998; Peacock et al., 1997; Cutter, 1995;
Enarson and Morrow, 1998).In the shattered environment of disaster, rebuilding
life at the community level is the basic need. Local residents also represent a
valuable resource that can be brought to bear on the difficult, arduous tasks of
recovery and reconstruction. Enabling residents to take informed action to rebuild
their lives is a vital policy alternative, one that is essential after a disaster
(Maskrey, 1989) When Disasters strike an unprepared community, the damage
can be incredible. Ironically, many communities, including within the BVI, are
often not prepared because disasters do not happen often. Disaster will not happen
not because of human activities that will result to climate change.
Climate Change is a serious phenomenon that should be addressed. The
international community made initiatives and efforts towards this problem
wherein, the concept of “sustainable development” was one. Sustainable
development was popularizeds in Our Common Future, a report published by the
World Commission on Environment and Development in 1987. Also known as the
Brundtland report, Our Common Future included the “classic” definition of
sustainable development: “development which meets the needs of the present
without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.”
13
The Brutland report provided the momentum for the landmark 1992 Rio Summit
that laid the foundations for the global institutionalization of sustainable
development. Through a series of international conferences and initiatives, the
theoretical framework for sustainable development evolved between 1972 and
1992. This led to the adoption of the Rio Declaration on Environment and
Development and the Agenda 21. Three seminal instruments of environmental
governance were established at the Rio Summit: the UN Framework Convention
on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the Convention on the biological diversity
(CBD), and the non-legally binding Statement of Forest Principles (Murphy, D.,
et. al, 2010). In order to prevent (prevent what?) this, there must be a community
or city preparedness established.

According to R.A 10121, preparedness is based on the sound analysis of
disaster risk and good linkages with early warning system with such activities as
contingency planning, stockpiling of equipment and supplies, the development of
arrangement for cooperation, evaluation and public information and associated
training and field exercises. Dr. Reyes 2014 recommended related preparedness
activities such as: constructing hazard, vulnerabilities and capacity assessment,
organizing DRRM teams, participating in community drills, formulating a DRRM
plan, establishing an early warning system, stockpiling food and relief goods. In a
study conducted in Bislig, Tanauan, Leyte, there were coping strategies initiated
before the typhoon such as: stocking of food, children women and elderly were
evacuated and putting structures to their houses to make it resistant. In Dagupan
City, the CDRRM did activities in line with this aspect which involves capacity-
14
building for Barangay Disaster Volunteers or groups such as City Wide Rescue
and Evacuation Simulations Exercises, Early Warning Evacuation Route and Plan
Preparation Workshops and Training on basic life support and First aAid in the
Community. They also did stockpiling of medicines, food and non-food items for
emergencies or relief (retrieved from:
http://www.asiapacificadapt.net/sites/default/files/pdfs/training/for-national-n-
local-govts-sea-n-sa-on-cc-adaptation-n-mitigation/mangin.pdf).
Barangay Batangan was identified by Valencia City Mayor Asuncion
Huervas as among the areas most vulnerable to disasters in Valencia City,
Bukidnon. Smart (smart who? Smart network?) believes that equipping the
residents with the right information would go a long way in keeping them safe in
times of disasters and emergency situations.
“The disaster preparedness caravan is intended to target families that are in
high-risk communities,” said Darwin Flores, head of community partnerships at
Smart Public Affairs. He added that they hope that Smart’s campaign will help
promote a culture of preparedness within its partner-communities, including local
government units, schools, the Cchurch, and government agencies, as a means to
help save lives.
The caravan was held as scheduled at the Batangan Covered Courts early
this month despite a province-wide power interruption. Residents from 18 puroks
15
came with their children in tow, to make the most out of the fun-filled and
informative lineup of activities.
Batangan Barangay Chairman Era Salces was very receptive of the
program, and acknowledged that theirs was one of the most flood-prone
barangays in the city due to its proximity to Pulangui River. During the caravan,
Salces shared, “Family preparedness is very necessary, especially for those living
near the river banks. It is important that families should have their emergency
kits, including communication tools, so that if evacuation is necessary, they will
be prepared.”
In the middle of the activities, games such as Paint Me a Picture, Bring-Me
game, and Pinoy Henyo challenge were conducted with a twist to emphasize
disaster preparedness. The half-day caravan also featured speakers giving
practical survival tips during disasters and how to be prepared for such
eventualities.
June Ray Valero from the City Disaster Risk Reduction Management Council
(CDRRMC) also highlighted the importance of disaster preparedness at the
household level. He encouraged the community to pay attention to campaigns
done by the barangay to help them prepare for disasters.
“Residents of low-lying areas should know what numbers to contact in times
of disaster. The barangay has already posted these in prominent areas, so families
must keep themselves updated. Families should also familiarize themselves with
16
the different warning levels, so that they know what to do,” Valero added.
According to Torres K.M 2015, on her study about DRRMC at Barangay
Batangan, the preparedness was rated as moderately implemented. The
respondents said that the BDRRM wasere prepared enough. It was realized by the
presence of the 24/7 response team and the acquisition emergency tools and
equipment that were highly essential during rescue and retrieval operation. The
BDRRMC also conducted trainings that are needed for the disaster risk awareness
of the residents. The stockpiling of relief goods was also moderately implemented
which implies that the BDRRMC was equipped and responsive to the needs of the
victims of disaster. However, the conduct of seminars was less implemented. tThe
respondents said that these seminars were not familiar to them and they believed
that these seminars were conducted for the BDRRMC only. On the other hand,
according to Becerro, L.M.T 2015 on her study on disaster at Barangay Maapag,
the preparedness was moderately implemented and the institutionalized response
team deployable during emergency obtained the highest (percentage?). Also,
according to Calang, C.M.D 2015, on her study on DRRM at barangay
Lumbayao, the activities and programs were the institutionalized 24/7 response
team deployable during emergency, purchase of equipments like computer,
Laptops, printer and photocopier, DRRM and environmental protection
symposiums, first-aid, and leadership trainings.
Community Preparedness is rarely a priority. However, vulnerability
reduction must continue, and communities must be made ready for disaster
17
impacts. Historically, communities have allocated human, physical and financial
resources quickly in order to meet urgent human needs. Putting these resources in
place has naturally varied in their timing, effectiveness, efficiency and reliability,
which are critical factors in the cost that is measured either in lives lost or
property damaged and/or destroyed ( DaBreo, 2011). Disasters disproportionately
affect poor countries and poor communities. More than half of the deaths resulting
from natural disasters occur in low human development countries, even though only
11% of the people exposed to hazards live in them. Poor countries suffer far greater
losses relative to their GDP than richer countries. Of the 452 conflicts reported during
the 1990s, 48% were in Asia and 42% in Africa. (IFRC World Disaster report
2002).The phrase ‘natural disaster’, which is widely used by specialists and
generalists alike, often Ccauses confusion and has been the subject of debate.
Strictly speaking, there is no such thing as a natural disaster, but there are natural
hazards, such as cyclones and earthquakes. The difference between a hazard and a
disaster is an important one. A disaster takes place when a community is affected
by a hazard (as we have seen, it is usually defined as an event that overwhelms
that community’s capacity to cope). In other words, the impact of the disaster is
determined by the extent of a community’s vulnerability to the hazard. This
vulnerability is not natural. It is the human dimension of disasters, the result of the
whole range of economic, social, cultural, institutional, political and even
psychological factors that shape people’s lives and create the environment that
they live in (Twigg, 2001). The city Ordinance No. 30-2011 of Valencia City
18
defined disaster as an event that causes serious, loss, destruction, hardships,
unhappiness or death.
If there are disasters there is a risk.. According to UNISDR (2009) that risk
is the combination of the probability of an event and its negative consequences.
The term Disaster Risk therefore refers to the potential disaster losses; in lives,
health status, livelihoods assistances and services which could occur in particular
community or society over some specified future time period (USAID, 2011). To
Von Kotze (1999), disaster risk is the product of the possible damage caused by a
hazard due to the vulnerability within a community. It should be noted that the
effect of a hazard would affect communities differently. To determine disaster risk
we should also defined what is a hazard is?. Hazards for UNISDR (2009), it is a
dangerous phenomenon, substance, human activity or condition that may cause
loss of life, injury or other health impacts, properly damage, loss of livelihood and
services, social and economic disruption or environment damage.

The 2012 Philippine Disaster Report concisely presents information on
disasters that occurred in the Philippines in 2012. Through graphs, tables and
charts, it provides an overview of the type of disasters that occurred, the
frequency of occurrence, as well as the effects of these disasters on communities.
Where available, direct economic costs to agriculture and infrastructure are
reported. A review of the major disasters that occurred in the Philippine islands
within the past decade is also presented. A substantial portion of the data in this
report were gathered through CDRC's disaster monitoring system, which relies on
reports from Citizens' Disaster Response Network (CDRN), a network of 16
19
regional centers all over the country. Overview and supporting data were taken
from the Department of Social Welfare and Development-Disaster Operations
Monitoring and Information Center (DSWDDROMIC), the National Disaster
Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC), and articles in major
newspapers. CDRC verified the data in this report through various sources to
ensure accuracy. The triangulation method of comparing and contrasting credible
sources of data was used. (http://www.cdrc-phil.com/wp-
content/uploads/2009/08/PDR-2012.pdf)
Many aspects of the social environment are easily recognized:
people live in adverse economic situations that oblige them to inhabit regions and
places that are affected by natural hazards, be they the flood plains of rivers, the
slopes of volcanoes or earthquake zones. However, there are many other less
obvious political and economic factors that underlie the impact of hazards. These
involve the manner in which assets, income and access to other resources, such as
knowledge and information, are distributed between different social groups, and
various forms of discrimination that occur in the allocation of welfare and social
protection (including relief and resources for recovery). It is these elements that
link our analysis of disasters that are supposedly caused mainly by natural hazards
to broader patterns in society. These two aspects – the natural and the social –
cannot be separated from each other: to do so invites a failure to understand the
additional burden of natural hazards, and it is unhelpful in both understanding
disasters and doing something to prevent or mitigate them (Wisner, 2003).

What is the difference between disaster and hazard?
20
“Strictly speaking there are no such things as natural disasters, but there are
natural hazards. A disaster is the result of a hazard’s impact on society. So the
effects of a disaster are determined by the extent of a community’s vulnerability to
the hazard (conversely, its ability, or capacity to cope with it). This vulnerability
is not natural, but the result of an entire range of constantly changing physical,
social, economic, cultural, political and even psychological factors that shape
people’s lives and create the environment in which they live,”, Twigg (2001) said.
According to Reyes 2014, disaster is manifestation of so-called “Global Climate
Change” which is a prevalent phenomenon since then and as of today. Climate
change is a change in climate that cannot’t be identified by changes in the mean
and/or variability of its properties and that persists for an extended period
typically decades or longer, whether due to natural variability or as a result of
human society. This cClimate change refers to any significant change in the
measures of climate that lasts for an extended period of time.
Further, the (HFA) the Hyogo Framework for Action was one of the major
agreements made in the international arena to address the issue of climate change
and reducing the risk brought by disasters was adopted. This is a United Nations
resolution acknowledging the necessity of creating an overarching framework for
disaster prevention and preparedness including early warning systems, and this
was the UN Resolution No. 46/182 which issued during the 78th plenary meeting
on December 19, 1991. Later on 18-22 January 2005, the World Conference on
disaster reduction was conducted in Kobe, Hyogo, Japan where the HFA was
21
adopted. At the national level, the fourteenth Philippine Congress passes Republic
Act 9729 Act of 2009 and Republic Act 10121 or the Philippine Disaster Risk
Reduction and Management Act of 2010 (The Legal Framework of the Disaster
Risk Reduction and Management Council, Calde 2013). An increase in climate
change has far-reaching effects globally. Through climate change certain areas
around the globe will record an increase in natural deforestation, a rise in sea
levels and deceasing crop levels. Climate change further influences weather
patterns which could cause an increase in the frequency and severity of cyclones.
An influence on different surface water resources will also be felt which could
lead to conflict and an increased risk of diseases. All of the above contribute to an
increase in vulnerability within communities already at risk (USAID, 2011). The
global climate system is driven by energy from the sun. Several gases in the
atmosphere act to trap the energy from the sun, thus warming the earth. These
gases are called greenhouse gases and the process is known as the greenhouse
effect. Without this process, there would be no life on earth. Human activities
over the past 200 years, particularly the burning of fossil fuels (oil, coal, natural
gas) and the clearing of forests, have increased the concentration of greenhouse
gases in the atmosphere. This is likely to lead to more solar radiation being
trapped, which in turn will lead to the earth's surface warming up, called the
enhanced greenhouse effect (WeatherSA, 2003).
Philippines is a signatory to Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015 which
promotes participatory Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and states that “both
22
communities and local authorities should be empowered to manage and reduce
disaster risk by having access to the necessary information, resources, and
authority to implement actions for disaster risks reduction” (UNISDR 2008). The
UN Hyogo Framework sets the agreements and framework for member nations to
build the and resiliency of nation and community against disaster. It encourages
all nations including Philippines to: ensure that disaster risk reduction is a national
and local with a strong institutional basis for implementation;, identify, assess,
and monitor disaster risk and enhance early warning; use knowledge, innovation
and education to build a culture of safety and resilience at all levels, to reduce the
underlying risk factors and strengthen disaster preparedness for effective at all
levels. The UN/ISDR is Tthe organization and management of resources and
responsibilities for addressing all aspects of emergencies, in particular
preparedness, response and initial recovery steps. An emergency is a threatening
condition which requires urgent action. Effective emergency action can avoid the
escalation of an event into a disaster. It involves plans and institutional
arrangements to engage and guide the efforts of government, non-government,
voluntary and private agencies in comprehensive and coordinated ways to respond
to the entire spectrum of emergency need” (UNISDR, 2009). Political will is
fundamental to disaster risk reduction. This was demonstrated in 1994 when
South Africa’s new democratic government decided to adopt a new approach to
the management of disasters and risks. This led to a total reform of the country’s
disaster risk management policy and legislation. Similar examples exist in
23
countries such as Mozambique, Lesotho, Madagascar and the Seychelles, where
political will to change, drove the disaster risk reduction agenda and reform
processes. Political change is mostly accompanied by economic reforms which in
turn have a spill-over effect on how development is planned and how poverty and
vulnerability are reduced (USAID, 2011)
“Managing risk depends on political will. Political will depends on political
leadership and a shifting of incentives, pressures and polemics. The political costs
of redirecting priorities from visible development projects to addressing abstract
long-term threats are great. It is hard to gain votes by pointing out that a disaster
did not happen. How can we, who see risk management as a central priority and
who have valuable technical knowledge and skills to contribute, enter this policy
arena? This question is at the centre of the [disaster risk reduction] discourse. We
know now that we must engage, but do we know how?” (Christoplos et al.,
2001:195). The level of social well-being of individuals, households and
communities directly impacts on their level of vulnerability to hazards. Levels of
education, literacy and training, safety and security, access to basic human rights,
social equity, information and awareness, strong cultural beliefs and traditional
values, morality, good governance and a well-organized cohesive civil society, all
contribute to social wellbeing with physical, mental and psychological health
being critical aspects. Vulnerability is not equally distributed. Minority groups,
the aged, orphans, nursing mothers and their offspring, and the disabled are more
vulnerable than others. The issue of gender and in particular the role of women
24
requires special consideration (UNISDR 2002:47). “As natural resources become
scarcer the range of options available to communities becomes more limited,
reducing the availability of coping solutions and decreasing local resilience to
hazards or recovery following a disaster. Over time environmental factors can
increase vulnerability further by creating new and undesirable patterns of social
discord, economic destitution and eventually forced migration of entire
communities” (UNISDR, 2004:43). Gilbert (1998:11) indicates that the social
science perspective approached the study of disaster from three different
paradigms, that of content research, chronological development and, lastly,
cleavages. In the first instance disaster was viewed as a duplication of war - an
external agent can be identified which requires communities to react globally
against the “aggression”. The second (chronological development) views disaster
as an expression of social vulnerability – disaster is therefore the result of
underlying community logic or social processes. Thirdly, disaster is an entrance to
a state of uncertainty – disaster is the impossibility of identifying and defining
(real or perceived) dangers. It is therefore an attack on our perception and known
reality.
Since the adoption of the Hyogo Framework for Action in 2005, as
documented in national and regional progress reports on its implementation as
well as in other global reports, progress has been achieved in reducing disaster
risk at local, national, regional and global levels by countries and other relevant
stakeholders, leading to a decrease in mortality in the case of some hazards.3
25
Reducing disaster risk is a cost-effective investment in preventing future losses.
Effective disaster risk management contributes to sustainable development.
Countries have enhanced their capacities in disaster risk management.
International mechanisms for strategic advice, coordination and partnership
development for disaster risk reduction, such as the Global Platform for Disaster
Risk Reduction and the regional platforms for disaster risk reduction, as well as
other relevant international and regional forums for cooperation, have been
instrumental in the development of policies and strategies and the advancement of
knowledge and mutual learning. Overall, the Hyogo Framework for Action has
been an important instrument for raising public and institutional awareness,
generating political commitment and focusing and catalysing actions by a wide
range of stakeholders at all levels. Over the same 10 year time frame, however,
disasters have continued to exact a heavy toll and, as a result, the well-being and
safety of persons, communities and countries as a whole have been affected. Over
700 thousand people have lost their lives, over 1.4 million have been injured and
approximately 23 million have been made homeless as a result of disasters.
Overall, more than 1.5 billion people have been affected by disasters in various
ways, with women, children and people in vulnerable situations
disproportionately affected. The total economic loss was more than $1.3 trillion.
In addition, between 2008 and 2012, 144 million people were displaced by
disasters. Disasters, many of which are exacerbated by climate change and which
are increasing in frequency and intensity, significantly impede progress towards
26
sustainable development. Evidence indicates that exposure of persons and assets
in all countries has increased faster than vulnerability4 has decreased, thus
generating new risks and a steady rise in disaster related losses, with a significant
economic, social, health, cultural and environmental impact in the short, medium
and long term, especially at the local and community levels. Recurring small-
scale disasters and slow-onset disasters particularly affect communities,
households and small and medium-sized enterprises, constituting a high
percentage of all losses. All countries – especially developing countries, where the
mortality and economic losses from disasters are disproportionately higher – are
faced with increasing levels of possible hidden costs and challenges in order to
meet financial and other obligations.In United Nations Office for Disaster Risk
Reduction (2015), the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-
2030was adopted at the ThirdUN World Conference in Sendai, Japan, on March
18, 2015. It is the outcome of stakeholderconsultations initiated in March 2012
and inter-governmental negotiations from July 2014to March 2015, supported by
the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction at therequest of the UN
General Assembly. The Sendai Framework is a 15-year, voluntary, non-binding
agreement which recognizes that the State has the primary role to reduce disaster
risk but that responsibility should be shared with other stakeholders including
local government, the private sector and other stakeholders. It aims for the
following outcome: The substantial reduction of disaster risk and losses in lives,
livelihoods and health and in the economic, physical, social, cultural and
27
environmental assets of persons, businesses, communities and countries.The
Sendai Framework is the successor instrument to the Hyogo Framework for
Action (HFA) 2005-2015: Building the Resilience of Nations and
Communities to Disasters. It is the outcome of stakeholder consultations
initiated in March 2012 and inter-governmental negotiations held from July 2014
to March 2015, which were supported by the UNISDR upon the request of the
UN General Assembly. UNISDR has been tasked to support the implementation,
follow-up and review of the Sendai Framework.
The Philippines has been prone to many natural calamities, experts told
the educators, but casualties and damage of properties can be minimized or
avoided if people know how to prepare for disasters. DOST Assistant Secretary
Raymund E. Liboro said that this can be done even in classroom environment
where students at a young age get educated on the possible effects of a super
typhoon or an earthquake to people’s lives. Students also need to learn how to
respond to said calamities to save lives and protect properties.
(file:///C:/Users/UserPc/Desktop/DRRMC/DepEd%20takes%20up%20science
%20of%20disaster%20preparedness%20_%20ugnayan.com%20news.html).
The Philippine government made Disaster Risk Reduction DRR as one of the
key strategies to reduce the number of casualty and damaged property because of
disasters. Across the country natural hazards have caused deaths and severe
damages and have resulted to disruptions on people’s daily lives and normal
workings of the economy. The World Bank Report in the year 2005 states that
28
“the crippling effect of disasters in key areas of livelihood, such as agriculture and
housing was on the most vulnerable sectors of the population. The 2011 Annual
Disaster Review revealed the sad reality that the Philippines is consistently one of
the top five countries that frequented by natural hazards (Valencia City Disaster
Risk Assessment Report, 2012). According to the World Bank Report on July
2013, four months before Typhoon Yolanda devastated the Philippines, the World
Bank hand forewarned that 23 provinces are considered to be at high risk for
disasters due to the hazards of climate change and global warming. However, De
Vera 2014 emphasized that Disaster management remains a major challenge to
achieve a disaster-resilient and safer community. Natural hazards abound:
typhoon, flood, landslide, tsunami, volcanic eruption, drought, and other hazards
exacerbated by changing climate. The hard work of reducing hazards and
planning for effective response and recovery is only enhanced when the capacities
of all people are utilized and all needs are addressed. We hope these materials are
useful guides that will raise awareness about the gender dimensions of disasters
and hence of good emergency planning. We offer this in support of the common
goal of safer, more sustainable and more disaster resilient communities. Disaster
risk is a societal commonality.
In 1978, the National Disaster Coordinating Council (NDCC) was
established through Presidential Decree (PD) 1566 as the highest policy making
body and the focal organization for disaster management in the country. This law
also provided for the establishment of regional, provincial, city, municipal and
29
barangay disaster coordinating councils. These DCCs were formed primarily to
advice the President and/or the local chief executive on all natural disaster
preparedness and management plans; recommend the declaration of state calamity
and the release of calamity funds for relief and rescue operations, among others.
(PD. 1566; NDRRMF, 2011). It affects everyone and all the systems on which we
depend. Solving these intricate problems requires a Tran’s disciplinary approach
and focus. It is important that we adjust our “lens” of reality to include issues of
disaster risk. The linkage with development provides us with an ideal opportunity
to address and solve many of the issues associated with disasters and their impact.
The CDRRMC of Valencia City is responsible in the implementation of DRRM
activities in terms of the preparedness.
30
CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research Locale
Valencia City is a second class component city in the province of Bukidnon,
Philippines. According to the 2010 census, the city has a population of 181,556
people also affected with the typhoons. On July 2009, continuous heavy rains at
the upland portions of Valencia City, Bukidnon had caused the occurrence of
flashflood in its four barangays namely: Bagontaas, Sugod, San Carlos and
Lorugan in Valencia City, Bukidnon. A total of 235 families or 920 persons were
affected in those 4 barangays.
31
Figure 2: Map of the City of Valencia, Bukidnon
Research Instrument
The research method to be used in this study is the normative survey.
A structured-questionnaire with a Likert Scale Design wasill be used to
collect the data. Also, an interview with the CDRRMC and the respondents wasill
be conducted and through it to be able to get the necessary additional information
to support the data.
A close-ended survey wasill be used as the main research instrument in
collecting the data. The instrument consists of four parts. The first part is will be
the demographic profile of the respondents which contains the name, address, age,
32
sex, number of years of residency in the municipality and respective barangay,
and occupation.
The second part includes the Disaster preparedness activities/programs
implemented by the CDRRMC in the City of Valencia. Every activity/program
will be rated according to the level of implementation and level of effectiveness
and followed by a key informant interview.
The third part consists of the problems encountered by the CDRRMC in
the implementation of DRRM activities. Those problems encountered will be rank
from one to five, one (1) as the highest and five (5) as the lowest. The last part
consists of the perceive solutions to the problems encountered by the CDRRMC
in the implementation of DRRM activities. Those pre-identified solutions will be
ranked from one to five, one (1) as the highest and five (5) as the lowest. A pre-
test was shall be conducted to determine the acceptability of the research
instrument. The data to be gathered in the pre-test shall underwent go statistical
interpretation to validate the reliability of the instrument.
Respondents of the Study
The respondents of this study are the residents of the City of Valencia
derived from the different barangays that are identified as disaster prone areas
based on the latest sectoral vulnerability assessment and disaster risk assessment
conducted by the Provincial Planning and Development Office (PPDO) and
National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA) in all 2 cities and 20
33
municipalities of the Province in 2012 and based on the Mines and Geosciences
Bureau of Region 10 (MGB R-10) rapid geographical hazard assessment of
Barangays in Valencia, Bukidnon. The respondents of the study waere determined
through simple random sampling wherein the researchers have to identifiedy one
resident randomly selected among the number of household heads of the City of
Valencia.
In determining the actual number of respondents in Valencia City, this formula
was used:
Where:
n = figure to arrive at number of respondents in the City
N= number of households heads
e = 0.10 is constant to have only 10% sampling error and 90% accuracy
34
The total number of respondents in Valencia City is 99.75 or 100
Research Design
Since the study is purposive in nature, the residents of the municipality
are identified as respondents of the study.
Descriptive method iwas used to gather the needed information
pertaining to the research. This study focuses on the recent years from 2011-
August 2015. The gathered data iwas analyzsed by using descriptive frequency
counts and weighted mean.
35
CHAPTER IV
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF
DATA
This chapter discusses the demographic profile of the respondents from
the City of Valencia, Bukidnon and the respondent’s feedback on the level of
implementation and effectiveness in terms of the implementation of disaster
preparedness activities from the years covering 2011-2015.
A total of 100 (100%) respondents answered the survey questionnaires.
The gathered data wereas discussed, analyszed and interpreted. They are
presented in tables followed by the analysis and discussion.
Demographic Profile of the Respondents by age, sex, occupation

and number of years resided in the city:
Presentation of the Demographic profile of the respondents
Table 1 Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the Respondents by Age.
AGE BRACKET FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

N %
18-20 11 11
21-30 16 16
31-40 23 23
41-50 25 25
51-60 11 11
61 and above 13 13
Total 100 100
36
Table 1 shows that out of one hundred respondents in Valencia City, 11
(11%) belonged to the first age range of 18-20 years old. 16 (16%) were belonged
to 21-30 years old, 23 (23%) from the range of 31-40 years old and 25 (25%)
from the age range of 41-50 years old were 25 (25%). In tThe fifth range from 51-
60 years old had 11 (11%). The last bracket of 61 and above had 13 (13%).
The table presents that majority of the respondent’s age was at the age
bracket of 41-50 garnering 25 (25%) which means that majority of the
respondents are already on their mature age, they already understand what disaster
preparedness is and these y are the people who one who have experienced more
on flash flood happen in the Ccity.
Table 2Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the Respondents by Sex
SEX FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

N %
Female 57 57
Male 43 43
Total 100 100
Table 2 shows that out of the one hundred respondents, 57 (57%) were
females and 43 (43%) were males. It shows that the majority of the respondents
were women for the reason that most of the time they are’re only available during
the distribution of the questionnaires because women were only left to take care
of their children while their husbands were out to work.
37
OCCUPATION FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
N %
Unemployed 2 2
Housewife 35 35
Farmer 13 13
Barangay officials 5 5
Government employee 17 17
Labor 5 5
Vendor 2 2
Driver 5 5
Student 9 9
Teacher 2 2
Welder 3 3
Merchandizer 1 1
Clerk 1 1
Total 100 100
Table3 Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the Respondents by Occupation
Table 3 shows that majority of the respondents were housewives who
had a with an averaged mean of 35 (35%). This is because for such reason that
they were only ones left at home and were available during the distribution of
survey questionnaire by the researcher in the research locale.
38
Table 4 Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the Respondents
according to the Number of years resided in the Research locale
YEARS OF RESIDENCY FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

N %
1-10 15 15
11-20 11 11
21-30 20 20
31-40 21 21
41-50 25 25
51-60 7 7
61 and above 1 1
Total 100 100
Table 4 shows that in the first bracket which is from 1-10 years there were 15
(15%) people who have resided in the area. While in Tthe second bracket which
wais between 11-20 years, there were 11 (11%); in the people who have resided.
The third bracket which wais in between 21-30, were 20 (20%); of the
respondents. Iin the fourth bracket, which is from 31-40 years, there were 21
(21%); In. T the fifth bracket which is was between 41-50 years, were 25 (25%),
in the sixth bracket 7 (7%) which is between 51-60 years, 7 (7%); and in the was
in the sixth bracket which was between 51-60 years and on the last (seventh)
bracket, which is was between 61 and above years old, there were 1 (1%). who
have resided the area. The result reveals that most respondents 25 (25%) have
39
resided from 41-50 years in the research locale and for such reason it is safe to
conclude that majority of the households were old settlers in Valencia City and
have already experienced different kinds disasters that hit in the City.
Presentation of Respondents Responses to the Level of Implementation and

Effectiveness of Disaster Preparedness Activities.
This portion of the study shows the results of the respondent’s
assessments on Disaster preparedness activities implemented in Valencia City.
Theseis activities were presented in the tables with the average mean and the
descriptive value of the preparedness activities. Assessed through the round off
principle scaling: 1.0-1.49 for highly implemented, 1.5-2.49 for moderately
implemented, 2.5-3.49 for less implemented and 3.5-4.0 for not implemented.
40
Table 5 Presentation of Respondents Responses to the Level Implementation of Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management Activities in the Thematic Area of Preparedness
Activities Mean Descriptive Value Rank

Institutionalized 24/7 response 1.62 Moderately Implemented 3
team deployable during
emergency
Acquisition of Warning device 1.92 Moderately Implemented 4

and emergency
Conduct Trainings 2.22 Moderately Implemented 7

Conduct Seminars 2.21 Moderately Implemented 6
Purchase of Rescue Equipment 2.08 Moderately Implemented 5
Purchase of Office Equipment 1.53 Moderately Implemented 2
Stockpiling of Food and Relief 1.33 Highly Implemented 1

goods
General mean 1.67 Moderately Implemented
Legend:
Rate Descriptive Value
1.00-1.49 Highly Implemented Very Effective

1.50-2.49 Moderately Implemented Moderately Effective
2.50-3.49 Less Implemented Less Effective
3.50-4.00 Not Implemented Not Effective 41
Table 5 presents the disaster preparedness activities, the mean, descriptive
value and the corresponding rank on the level of implementation by the CDRRMO
of Valencia City, Bukidnon.
As revealed in the table that the stockpiling of food items and relief goods is rated
highly implemented with a mean of 1.33. According to the responses of the
respondents, there are immediate foods item that was given to the respondents right
after the disaster and there are also evidences of stock piling of food items in their
respective barangays. Also, the CDRRMO of Valencia City had a partnership with
the establishment in the city because in case there are disasters, there are immediate
foods for the victims and according to them that is their means of stockpiling of
foods and relief goods. The table further revealed that there are top three activities
that was rated moderately implemented namely the purchase of office equipments,
the institutionalized 24/7 response team deployable during emergency and the
acquisition of warning devices and emergency. Firstly, the purchase of office
equipment is rated as moderately implemented with a mean of 1.53 which means that
the CDRRMO has an available office equipments considered to be important to the
CDRRMO because during times of emergencies, these equipment were deemed
useful in terms of communication, information as well as for the day -to -day
transaction/operation of the DRRM officials and personnel. Secondly, the
institutionalized 24/7 response team deployable during emergency was also rated
moderately implemented with a mean of 1.62. According to the responses of the
respondents, there is the presence and availability of deployable emergency response
team that can immediately respond during disasters. Lastly, the acquisition of
42
warning devices and emergency equipment’s with a mean of 1.92 was rated
moderately implemented and according to the respondents that availability of these
equipments was found to be useful and helpful to the needs of the respondents during
disasters.
In general, the respondent’s assessment on the level of implementation of
disaster preparedness activities is rated moderately implemented with a general mean
of 1.67.
43
Table 6 Presentation of Respondents Responses to the Level of Effectiveness of Disaster Risk Reduction and Management
Activities along the Thematic Area of Preparedness
Activities Mean Descriptive Value Rank

Institutionalized 24/7 response 1.62 Moderately Effective 3
team deployable during
emergency
Acquisition of Warning device 1.98 Moderately Effective 4

and emergency
Conduct Trainings 2.26 Moderately Effective 7
Conduct Seminars 2.19 Moderately Effective 5

Purchase of Rescue Equipment 2.23 Moderately Effective 6
Purchase of Office Equipment 1.56 Moderately Effective 2
Stockpiling of Food and Relief 1.32 Highly Effective 1

Goods
Average mean 1.87 Moderately Effective
44
Table 6 presents the disaster preparedness, the mean, descriptive value and
lastly the rank on the level of effectiveness by the CDRRMO of Valencia City,
Bukidnon.
As revealed in the table, still the stockpiling of food items and relief goods is
rated highly effective with a mean value of 1.32. According to the responses of the
respondents, there are immediate food items that wereas distributed to victim’s of
disasters and stock piling of goods in their respective barangays is found very
effective during the disaster. Also, the CDRRMO of Valencia City had a partnership
with the establishment in the city because in case there are disasters, there are
immediate foods for the victims and according to them that is their means of
stockpiling of foods and relief goods. The table further revealed that there are top
three activities that was rated moderately effective, namely, the purchase of office
equipment, the presence of an institutionalized 24/7 response team deployable
during emergencies and the acquisition of warning devices and emergency. The
purchase of office equipment that was rated moderately effective with a mean of 1.56
indicates that the CDRRMC of Valencia City is effective in using those equipments
during the disaster. The institutionalized 24/7 response team deployable during
emergency washich is also rated moderately effective with a mean of 1.62.
In general, with an average mean of 1.87 the level of implementation on the
disaster preparedness activities is rated moderately effective.
45
Table 7 Presentation of Respondent’s Responses to the Level of Implementation and Effective of the Acquisition of warning device
and emergency
Acquisition of Warning Level of Implementation Level of Effectiveness

Device and Emergency Mean Descriptive Value Rank Mean Descriptive Rank
kit Value
Institutionalized 24/7 1.62 Moderately 1 1.64 Moderately 1
response team deployable Implemented Effective
during emergency
Bridge Water Level 1.85 Moderately 3 1.88 Moderately 3
Warning Guide Implemented Effective
Automatic Water Level 2.07 Moderately 5 2.07 Moderately 5
Sensor Implemented Effective
Automatic Rain Gauge 2.31 Moderately 7 2.31 Moderately 7
Implemented Effective
Automatic Weather Station 1.94 Moderately 4 1.94 Moderately 4
Whistles 2.10 Moderately 6 2.21 Moderately 6
Siren 1.85 Moderately 3 1.88 Moderately 3
Megaphone 1.71 Moderately 2 1.81 Moderately 2
Fire Alarm Bell 2.35 Moderately 8 2.48 Moderately 8
Average Mean 1.92 Moderately 2.02 Moderately
46
Table 7 shows the activities under the Acquisition of Warning Device and
Emergency in the level of implementation and effectiveness with the mean,
descriptive value and the rank.
As revealed in the table they are all moderately implemented and effective. The
top three activities were noted. but we’re going to get the top 3. First was the
institutionalized 24/7 response team deployable during emergency with a mean of
1.62 which ranked as one (1). As I said in the previous page that tAccording to the
he responses of the respondents, there was a deployed emergency team who
immediately respondedse during disaster. Second would be the megaphone with a
mean of 1.71 which was rank as number two (2). This equipment is very important
for the rescuer to communicate with the victims who are stuckock in one of thea
disaster, also in order for the victim to be able to know that there are still rescuer
who willing to rescue them and it is also will useful to the officials in for
announcing that there are incoming disaster and they should be alert with that.
Lastly, a tie between bridge water level warning guide and siren which both
garnereding a mean of 1.85 which wasis rank as number three (3). This two
equipment is important to the disaster preparedness because which the bridge water
level warning guide who guides both the rescuer and the respondents. The and the
siren, on the other hand, helps the rescuer to alert the respondents that there will be
an incoming disaster in their place.
In totality, the level of implementation and effectiveness in the acquisition of
warning device and emergency kit is moderately implemented and effective with an
47
average mean of 1.92 and 2.02 which means that they are sensible and effective in
Valencia City, Bukidnon.
48
Table 8Presentation of Respondent’s Responses to the Level of Implementation and Effectiveness on the Trainings Conducted
Level of Implementation Level of Effectiveness

Conducted Mean Descriptive Rank Mean Descriptive Rank
Trainings Value Value
Earthquake 2.25 Moderately 4 2.36 Moderately 4
drill Implemented Implemented
Fire Drill 2.21 Moderately 3 2.34 Moderately 3
Implemented Implemented
First-aid 2.26 Moderately 5 2.37 Moderately 5
Training Implemented Implemented
Rescue and 2.16 Moderately 1 2.23 Moderately 1
Retrieval Implemented Implemented
Operation
Swift water 3.37 Less 7 3.42 Less 7
Rescue Implemented Implemented
Training
Leadership 2.20 Moderately 2 2.32 Moderately 2
Training Implemented Implemented
Basic 2.27 Moderately 6 2.41 Moderately 6
Handling Implemented Implemented
Disaster
Equipment
Training
Average 2.22 Moderately 2.31 Moderately
Mean Implemented Implemented
49
Table 8 presents the activities under the conducted trainings in the level of
implementation and effectiveness with the mean, descriptive value and the rank.
As presented in the table, they were mostly moderately implemented and effective
but there is one less implemented and effective. First, we must discuss the top 3
moderately implemented and effective activities in the conducted trainings. The rank
one (1) in the table is the rescue and retrieval operation with a mean of 2.16 and
2.23. This is which was an important seminar especially for in the respondents
because in case if there are disasters they already know how to rescue their neighbor
or other people. Also, it is important because it helps those victims who are stranded
in any kind of disaster. The rank two (2) is leadership training with a mean of 2.20
and 2.32 which is also important because it would teach those who are capable to
lead their place in case if there are disasters and it would be helpful for the officials
who lead the rescuer to teach them learn more how to lead its group. The rank three
(3) is And lastly was the fire drill with a mean of 2.21 and 2.34. which is rank as
number three (3). This training was very helpful for to the those residents. which in
case there would be fire. They would learn a lot of things related on fire. But in the
table there were less implemented and effective and it was the swift water rescue
training with a mean of 3.37 and 3.42. This training was a little bit difficult and aton
the same time it would cause a lot of budget in order to conduct this training because
the officials must have a professional and expert on swift water rescue training. This
training because it would be risky for the first timer and also there is no
appropriatedescent place for the training.
50
In totality, the level of implementation and effectiveness in the activity of
conducted training is moderately implemented and effective even though there is less
implemented and effective but the average mean still moderately implemented and
effective which was 2.22 and 2.31. So the conducted trainings are sensible and
effective in Valencia City, Bukidnon.
51
Table 9 Presentation of Respondent’s Responses to the Level of Implementation and Effectiveness of the conducted seminars
Conducted Seminars Level of Implementation Level of Effectiveness

Mean Descriptive Value Rank Mean Descriptive Value Rank
Environmental protection 2.21 Moderately 2 2.22 Moderately Effective 2
symposium Implemented
Disaster risk reduction and 2.13 Moderately 1 2.15 Moderately Effective 1

management symposium Implemented
Damage assessment and 2.24 Moderately 3 2.27 Moderately Effective 3

needs analysis seminar Implemented
(DANA)
Safety fire drill symposium 2.28 Moderately 6 2.32 Moderately Effective 6
Implemented
Safety earthquake drill 2.27 Moderately 5 2.31 Moderately Effective 5
symposium Implemented
Seminar on pollution 2.36 Moderately 7 2.39 Moderately Effective 7
control Implemented
Symposium on global 2.25 Moderately 4 2.30 Moderately Effective 4

climate change Implemented

52
Table 9 presents the activities under the conducted seminars in the level of
implementation and effectiveness with the mean, descriptive value and the rank.
As revealed in the table they are all moderately implemented and effective.ness
The top 3 were noted. but we going to get the top 3 in the rank. First was the disaster
risk reduction and management with a mean of 2.13 and 2.15. This which was rank
as number one (1). This seminar according to the respondents was mostly conducted
in their respective place. which iIt is good because disaster risk reduction and
management was very useful to the respondents as well as to the CDRRM officials.
Second was the environmental protection symposium with a mean of 2.21 and 2.22.
This which was rank as number two (2). It was helpful to everyone because it
taughteaches how to protect our environment in order to prevent the disaster. The last
rank which is the rank three (3) is damage assessment and needs analysis seminar
(DANA) with a mean of 2.24 and 2.27. This seminar, according to the respondents,
was announced but some respondents were not able to attend. are being conduct but
they were conduct mostly on the CDRRM officials and some of the residents so, they
were still respondents who did not attend the seminars and some was telling that they
are not coming on their respective barangays but it was being announce that there
was a conduct of seminar for everyone.
In totality, the level of implementation and effectiveness of in the activity the
conduct of seminars is moderately implemented and moderately effective with an
average mean of 2.22 and 2.31, respectively
53
54
Table 10 Presentation of Responses on the Level of Implementation and Effectiveness on the Purchase of Rescue Equipments.
Purchase Level of Implementation Level of Effectiveness

Rescue Mean Descriptive Rank Mean Descriptive Rank
Equipments Value Value
Airboat 2.24 Moderately 6 2.44 Moderately 6
Life Savers 2.10 Moderately 3 2.34 Moderately 3
Volt Cutters 2.25 Moderately 7 2.49 Moderately 7

Chainsaw 2.12 Moderately 4 2.35 Moderately 4

Safety Life 2.16 Moderately 5 2.40 Moderately 5
Vests Implemented Effective
Fire 2.04 Moderately 2 2.16 Moderately 2
Extinguisher Implemented Effective
Ambulance 1.83 Moderately 1 1.95 Moderately 1

55
Table 10 presents the activities under the purchase of rescue equipment in the
level of implementation and effectiveness with the mean, descriptive value and the
rank.
As shown in the table they were all moderately implemented and effective.
The top and we’ll discuss the top 3 are in the rank namely the ambulance, fire
extinguisher and life savers. First was the ambulance with a mean of 1.83 and 1.95
whichth was rank asof number one (1). According to the respondents among the
following purchase rescue equipment that were purchased were they mostly were the
ambulance. The ambulance is very visible whenever there is a disaster. And it is true
enough because if there is a disaster ambulance would always be there. Next was the
fire extinguisher with a mean of 2.04 and 2.16 which was rank as number two (2).
According to the respondents they saw fire extinguishers in their respective barangay
hall, in some establishments. in their places and also sSome of the respondents had
their own fire extinguisher. Lastly was the life saver with a mean of 2.10 and 2.34
which was rank as number three (3). Life savers used by the rescue team is a
common sight to see whenever there is a flooding inSince Valencia City. has a
common disaster which is the flood with that the respondents said that during that
disaster they saw that the rescuer using the life saver to rescue those victims.
In totality, the level of implementation and effectiveness in the activity of
purchase of rescue equipment is moderately implemented and effective with an
average mean of 2.08 and 2.28. So the purchase of rescue equipment is sensible and
effective in Valencia City, Bukidnon.
56
Table 11Presentation of Responses on the Level of Implementation and Effectiveness of the purchase of office equipments
Purchase Office Level of Implementation Level of Effectiveness

Equipments Mean Descriptive Rank Mean Descriptive Rank
Value Value
LCD Projector 1.76 Moderately 7 1.88 Moderately 7
Computers and 1.37 Highly 3 1.47 Highly Effective 3
Laptops Implemented
Radio Frequency 1.44 Highly 4 1.49 Highly Effective 4

Implemented
Battery Operated 1.59 Moderately 6 1.64 Moderately 6
Radio Implemented Effective
Generators 1.84 Moderately 8 1.90 Moderately 8

Printers/ Photocopiers 1.51 Moderately 5 1.56 Moderately 5
Telephones/Cellular 1.39 Highly 2 1.42 Highly Effective 2
phones Implemented
Stockpiling of foods 1.33 Highly 1 1.34 Highly Effective 1

and relief goods Implemented
Average mean 1.53 Moderately 1.59 Moderately
57
Table 11 presents the activities under the purchase of office equipment in the
level of implementation and effectiveness with the mean, descriptive value and the
rank.
As we glanced in the table there are four (4) highly implemented activities
which are the stockpiling of foods and relief goods with a mean of 1.33 which was
rank as number one (1). According to the respondents therey are already stock foods
already in preparation for when there are big typhoons. has been news and aAlso
they had partnership with the establishments like the Villahermosa Supermarket so
that in case of disaster they can immediately distribute foods for the victims. The
rRank two (2) was the telephones/ cellular phones with a mean of 1.37 which were
affordable to the officials and it is a necessity. The rank three (3) was the computer
and laptops with a mean of 1.37. And the rank four (4) was the Radio Frequency
with a mean of 1.44.
In the level of effectiveness, there are four (4) highly effective activities
which are stockpiling of foods and relief goods with a mean of 1.34. Which
aAccording to the respondents, that after the disaster they were given immediately
their relief goods immediately. The telephones/ cellular phones were rank 2 with a
mean of 1.42. The computers and laptops were rank 3 with mean of 1.47. According
to the respondents that the laptop is important for them and to the officials. And the
rank four (4) is the Radio Frequency with a mean 1.49 which was useding by the
Barangay Tanods.
In totality, the level of implementation in the activity of purchase of
equipment and stockpiling of foods and relief goods is moderately implemented with
58
an average mean of 1.53 and the level of effectiveness on the same activities are also
moderately effective with an average mean of 1.59.
Table 12 Presentation of the Problem and Solution That Had Been Addressed By the
CDRRMC of the City Of Valencia, Bukidnon in Relation To Disaster Activities in
Terms of Flashfloods.
Problems Solutions
Lack of people’s awareness Conduct more seminars and training
and pursue the people to attend
Lack of discipline of the people Teach the people in order for them to
lessen
Lack of Evacuation center Build more evacuation center
The headed of the people to live their Remind all people to lessen to the
houses officials
Lack of the Personnel Recruit more personnel

Table 12 shows the problem and solutions of the DRRM officials. These are the it is
the top five. of the problem and solution. It is also the most important during the
disaster, aAccording to the respondents, one of the problems m that it is the lack of
people’s awareness just because when the officials called for a meeting most of the
residents do n’ot attend the meeting. So they do n’ot know what to do during the
disaster. So they decided to conduct more seminars in order for the people to learn
something about the disaster preparedness. Also, another their problem is was the lack
of discipline among of the people. Some because just do whatever they want to do
without thinking of the consequences of their action. what is the outcome of this. The
problem on evacuation center can be so was there no sufficient place for the
59
evacuation center that was uncomfortable for the victims as it can be too small for
them. Also, some of the people are really hard headed because they do not leave their
houses for the reason that they are afraid that someone might will stealole their
properties. , so they decided to stay in their houses. Also, the DRRMC do n’ot have
sufficient personnel to during the rescue of the victims ofin disaster.
Chapter V
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary
This study seeks to assess the level of implementation and effectiveness of disaster
preparedness activities in Valencia City, Bukidnon in the year of 2011- August 2015.
The study aimed to identify the disaster risk reduction management activities being
implemented by the CDRRMC, to evaluate level of implementation and
effectiveness of the DRRM activities implemented by CDRRMC; to identify
problems encountered by the CDRRMC of Valencia, Bukidnon in the
implementation of preparedness activities in the year 2011- 2015 in disaster
preparedness.
The study was participated by 100 respondents out of a total household
population of 40, 698 households randomly selected though simple random
sampling. Most of the respondents were females 57 (57%) and thea male respondents
constitutes 43 (43%).
The research used the LIKERT SCALE design of the instrument through the
Round off Principle to determine the level of implementation and effectiveness
60
Disaster Risk Reduction and Management activities in disaster preparedness
implemented and effective in Valencia City by the CDRRMO in the year 2011-2015.
The study made use of a survey questionnaire as the main instrument in the
collection of data. The data gathered were presented in tables and were analyzsed
using descriptive frequency counts, weighted mean and a descriptive value.
The study revealed that majority of the respondents answered flash flood as
the main natural disaster that hit Valencia City, Bukidnon in the year 2011- 2015. As
revealed in the study the stockpiling of foods and relief goods was rated as highly
implemented with a mean of 1.33 because there are immediate response from the
CDRRM officials and the officials had a cooperation with some establishment in
Valencia in effect, which they can immediately give a relief goods to the victims. .
The result of the study had the same rank, it is because of the excellentce
performance of the CDRRMO of the City of Valencia., aAnd in fact they just won
the Gawad Kalinga aAward 2015.
As a whole, the preparedness activities implemented by the City Disaster
risk reduction and management council of Valencia City were all rated by the
respondents as moderately implemented with an average mean of 1.67 and
moderately effective with an average mean of 1.87. The lack of awareness was the
primary problem in the City of Valencia and the solution to this problem was the
conduct of more seminars and training and to encourage the pursues the people to
attend.
61
Conclusions
Based on the findings and results of the study, the following conclusions were
drawn:
1. In conclusion, the city is in good position to respond to flash flood because of highly
implemented activities like the stock piling foods and relief goods, but some
factors/considerations need to be improved or attended to as there seems to be lack in
giving it importance or there seems to be negligence to it.
2. The study concludes that the CDRRMO of Valencia City is are prepared because
almost of the result of the study are almost moderately implemented and some are
highly implemented.
3. It was revealed in the study that some of the Disaster Preparedness activities are
lacking of implementation like some of the trainings which is important for the
disaster preparedness.
4. The study further concludes that the identified problems were as follows: (1) lack of
people’s awareness; (2) lack of discipline among of the people and (3) lack of
evacuation center. The study further concludes that the solutions to the problems were
62
as follows: (1) Conduct more seminars and training and encourage pursue the people
to attend, (2) teach the people in order for them to lessen and (3) Build more
evacuation center.
5. Finally, the study concludes that the problems that haves been experienced the most
by the victims in the research locale were about the lack of budget of the government
for the victims;, that there is no immediate response toon the disaster and the
barangay officials practices favoritism in the treatment of their loyalist during
disasters.
63
Recommendations
Based on the findings and results, the following recommendations were drawn:
1. Valencia City is really prone to disasters like the flashfloods that happen almost
every year that caused casualties and property damages. With that, there should be
further allocation of the budget to the CDRRMC (City Disaster Risk Reduction
and Management Council) in Valencia City. So that, there will be resources for all
the activities.
2. Most respondents were vulnerable due to the impacts of flash flood in particular.,
wWith that,; there must be at least evaluation and assistance in their living
conditions or otherwise, livelihood seminar for the victims for such reason that
this is the primary clamor of the respondents.
3. There must be also more seminars and lectures not just for the officials and
committee members of disaster risk reduction but as well as the residents of
Valencia City and the CDRRMC must have available books, articles and
presentations relevant to disaster. This problem is not only the responsibility of
64
the elected officials but it requires all because when disaster strikes no one is
exempted.
4. The City officials must always be accountable and must always continue to
monitor the residents of Valencia City that haves been affected byof the disasters
on their situation before, during and after the disaster because disasters whether
natural or man-made are inevitable..
5. Furthermore, studies should be made about disaster not just for flood but for all
kinds of disaster because nobody can accurately foretell when disaster strikes will.
Chapter VI
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Related Studies
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Disasters 15 (1), 12}23.
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2011.
Unpublished Thesis
Becerro, L.M.T. (2015). Assessment on the Level of Implementation of Disaster Risk
Reduction Management Activities in Barangay Maapag, Valencia City, Bukidnon:
2011-2013
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Reduction Management Activities in Barangay Lumbayao, Valencia City, Bukidnon:
2011-2013
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Reduction Management Activities in Barangay Batangan, Valencia City, Bukidnon:
2011-2013
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2002.pdf Date of access: 12 Sep. 2011.
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Fordham, M.H., 1998. Making women visible in disasters: problematizing the
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Allocating Funds and Thereof and for Other Purposes. 2011
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 10121- Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction Management Act of
2010.
67
APPENDICES
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COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES

CENTRAL MINDANAO UNIVERSITY

DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL SCIENCES

The thesis attached hereto entitled “ASSESSMENT ON THE LEVEL

HERMIE P. PAVA, MPoSc, ECNS,CSP, CCSSM,OSHP

MARJORIE T. SOBRADIL, MPA

Approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree

MAY ALINIE POSTRANO- BUTALID, MPoSc

VELLORIMO J. SUMINGUIT, Ph.D.

ROLITO G. EBALLE, Ph.D.

MARIA ESTELA B. DETALLA, Ph.D.

Research Project No. 8548_

Name: KIMBERLY BALLETA ACUEVAS

Thesis Tittle: ASSESSMENT ON THE LEVEL OF IMPLEMENTATION AND

Primary: Batangan Central Elementary School

Secondary: Valencia National High School

Tertiary: Central Mindanao University

Curricular and Extra-Curricular Achievements/ Affiliations:

Participant, Seminar on Voters Education (2015)

… Thank you for being my source of inspiration

ALL who have made the completion of this study possible.

courage, hope and most of all hHis LOVE.

To Ms. Angelita I. Jacobe, Ma and Ms. Marjorie T. Sobradil, the thesis

that taught the author to improve her manuscript.

her of the importance of education and dignity.

To her belligerent friends; Checky, Sheila, Rossel, Ate Mich, Princess,

always remain friends.

her success in her studiesy.

of CDRRMO of Valencia City, to the respective barangay officials and to the

respondents who had been part of her study.

…THANK YOU SO MUCH!!

ASSESSMENT ON THE LEVEL OF IMPLEMENTATION AND

Thesis Adviser Hermie P. Pava, MPosc, ECNS,CSP,CCSSM,OSHP

3.1 Research Locale 32

IV. PRESENTATION OF DATA AND ANALYSIS 37

4.1 Demographic Profile of the Respondents 37

V. SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS 59

7.1 Letter to the City Mayor

TABLE Title Page No.

2 Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the 38

3 Frequency and percentage Distribution of the 39

4 Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the 40

5 General Presentation of Disaster Preparedness Activities, 42

8 Presentation of Activities, Mean, Descriptive Value and 47

9 Presentation of Activities. Mean, Descriptive Value and 49

10 Presentation of Activities, Mean, Descriptive Value and 52

10 Presentation of Activities, Mean, Descriptive Value and 54

11 Presentation of Activities, Mean, Descriptive Value and 56

FIGURES Title Page

Figure 2 Map of The City of Valencia and Landslide Susceptibility Map of 33

Disaster can even paralyze a government as evidenced by super Typhoon Yolanda

with an international name of “HAIYAN”. Now, natural and human induced

experience human-induced disasters brought about or influenced by political and

socio-economic factors among others.

In 2010, the Philippine government enacted Republic Act nNo.10121 also

places primacy on disaster preparedness to avert possible damage to lives and

This study therefore primarily seeks to determine the level of

implementation and effectiveness of disaster preparedness activities based on the

preparedness plan created and implemented by the CDRRMC covering the

effectiveness of the disaster preparedness activities with the end in view to

The study aims to evaluate the level of implementation and effectiveness on

the implementation of Disaster Risk Reduction Management activities in the area

of disaster preparedness in the City of Valencia, Bukidnon.