AN ASSESSMENT OF THE SOURCE, DEPTH, AND QUALITY

OF COMPREHENSIVE SEXUALITY EDUCATION

AMONG THE YOUTH IN TAGUIG CITY

A Research

Presented to

The Senior High School

Taguig City University

In Partial Fulfillment

Of the Requirements for the Subject

Research Project

By

Karl Lyneth M. Bruno

June, 2021
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Republic of the Philippines

City of Taguig

Taguig City University

Gen. Santos Avenue, Central Bicutan, Taguig City

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

APPROVAL SHEET

This thesis entitled “AN ASSESSMENT OF THE SOURCE, DEPTH, AND QUALITY

OF COMPREHENSIVE SEXUALITY EDUCATION AMONG THE YOUTH IN

TAGUIG CITY2020-2021” prepared and submitted by Karl Lyneth M. Bruno in partial

fulfillment of the requirements in Research Project for the strand Humanities and Social

Sciences has been examined and is recommended for approval and acceptance.

JAFFET C. ONG, LPT

Research Adviser

ROSALINA P. CRUZ

Principal of Senior High School

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First and foremost, I'd like to thank God, the Almighty, for his blessings and

guidance throughout the course of this research.Throughout the entire ordeal, he has served

as a source of strength for me.

I would like to express my deep and sincere gratitude to our teacher. This research

has been done with the constant supervision, support, and invaluable assistance of our

advisor, Mr. Jaffet C. Ong. His level of patience, knowledge, and ingenuity is the reason

why I keep aspiring.

I am also grateful to my family and friends for their never-ending love, prayers,

support, and sacrifices for the success of this research.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

Title Page i

Approval Sheet ii

Acknowledgement iii

Table of Contents iv

List of Tables vi

List of Figures vi

Abstract vii

Chapter 1

Introduction 1

Introduction 1

Background 2

Statement of the Problem 3

Purpose of the Study 3

Rationale 3

Research Questions 4

Nature of the Study 4

Significance of the Study 4

Definition of Terms 5

Assumptions and Limitations 6

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Chapter II

Literature Review 7

Chapter III

Methodology 9

Research Approach 9

Sampling Method 9

Data Collection Method 9

Data Analysis Method 9

Chapter IV

Result 10

Results and Arguments 14

Discovery of the Result 15

Chapter V

Summary of Findings, Conclusion, and Recommendation 16

Summary of Findings 16

Conclusion 17

Recommendation 17

References 18
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LIST OF TABLES

Table 1 10

Table 2 11

Table 3 11

Table 4 12

Table 5 14

TABLE OF FIGURES

Figure 1 13
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ABSTRACT

This paper is about the qualitative assessment of the source, depth, and quality of

knowledge of the Taguig youth regarding comprehensive sexuality education. It is not

concealed from our knowledge that the topic of sexuality education is one of the rarest and

one of the most uncomfortable topics to be talked about. It has become even more rare,

especially because we are in a very conservative country. Therefore, as a form of

utilization, the researchers thought of making an assessment through the use of surveys.

The researchers, through the use of a Google form, conducted a survey to determine the

source of knowledge, the depth of knowledge of different aspects of comprehensive

sexuality education, and the quality of comprehensive sexuality education in Taguig City.
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Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION

Introduction

Sexuality is not a modern concept. It has existed since the dawn of time. From

antiquity to the present. However, it is not universally taught. Whether or not students

intend it, sex education inevitably necessitates the propagation of values.

Sexuality is an integral part of one's identity and can not be separated from other

facets of one's life. The word "sexuality" first appeared in the nineteenth century, referring

to biological and social practices, but it must now be interpreted as a social development

connected to historical, political, technological, and social contexts.

Comprehensive sexuality education can provide young people with age-

appropriate, culturally relevant, and scientifically accurate information. It also provides

young people with structured opportunities to explore attitudes and values, and to practice

the skills they will need to be able to make informed decisions about their sexual lives

(UNESCO, 2010).

In order to help children and young people understand their overall sexual health

knowledge, we should teach them comprehensive sexuality education. Comprehensive

sexuality education covers a broad range of topics, including decision-making about sex

and relationships, sexual health, STIs, and pregnancy prevention. It should be rights-based,

contextually adapted, scientifically accurate, gender-sensitive, and age-appropriate

(UNESCO, 2014).
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Having said all of this, the researchers decided to conduct a study about

comprehensive sexuality education in Taguig City.

Background

In Asia, most countries are conservative in nature and this affects the quality of

sexual education. It is rare to encounter a school that teaches the subject comprehensively.

Moreover, it is considered a very sensitive topic.

The Republic Act 10354 or The RP-RH Act of 2012 mandates the Philippine

Government to comprehensively address the needs of Filipino citizens when it comes to

responsible parenthood and reproductive health. Relevant salient provisions include:

access to reproductive health and family planning services; maternal health care services,

including building the capacities of skilled birth attendants and improving facility-based

deliveries; and delivery of comprehensive sexuality education for young people.

Dep Ed Order #31, series of 2018. This issuance is entitled the Policy Guidelines

on the Implementation of Comprehensive Sexuality Education, and was enacted pursuant

to the provisions of the RP-RH Act of 2012. Learning materials on CSE were developed

in 2018 and submitted to the DepEd Central Office for quality check, approval and launch.

Despite all of these laws, the Philippines still lacks comprehensive sexual

education, both in primary and secondary schools. As a result, numerous issues have arisen.

To begin with, it is unprotected sex that eventually leads to the rapid spread of Sexually

Transmitted Diseases (STIs). In addition to that, there is an increasing rate of early

pregnancy. Furthermore, the lack of comprehensive sexual education (CSE) results in

crimes such as rape.

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Statement of the Problem

In modern times, people should be more open to the ideas and concepts that

surround and are related to comprehensive sexuality education. The study's goal is to

evaluate the source, depth, and quality of comprehensive sexuality education in the lives

of young people in Taguig City. This research aims to learn more about the following

topics:

1. Taguig City’s primary source of comprehensive sexuality education knowledge.

2. Well-known aspects of comprehensive sexuality education

3. The quality of comprehensive sexuality education in Taguig City.

Purpose of the Study

The study describes a qualitative study of the source, depth, and quality of

comprehensive sexuality education among youths in Taguig City. The researcher's goal is

to conduct a comprehensive sexuality education assessment in the City of Taguig, because

recurring sexuality issues are increasing year after year.

Rationale

The lack of comprehensive sexuality education in the Philippines causes several

societal issues, like the rapid increase of people diagnosed with sexually transmitted

diseases, early pregnancy, acts of lasciviousness, rape, etc. In order to make an assessment,

the researchers conducted a survey of young people in Taguig City. An interview could

also be effective. However, because of the shortage of time, an online survey is the most

efficient option. The result of this study could potentially help determine the factors or

aspects of comprehensive sexuality education that need more awareness.

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Research Questions

1. Where did the majority of respondents get their knowledge of comprehensive

sexuality education?

2. How well informed are the respondents about comprehensive sexuality

education?

3. How did the respondents find the quality of comprehensive sexuality education

here in Taguig City?

Nature of the Study

Since this study aims to assess the source, depth, and quality of knowledge of

teenagers about sexuality education, the study is descriptive in nature. It seeks to answer

the questions who, what, and how.

Significance of the Study

The study is essential since different issues regarding sexuality are often

overlooked. This study is beneficial to the following:

Students

To know how deep is their knowledge about sexuality education and assess about

the importance of comprehensive sexuality education especially at their age.

Educators

To give them the idea on how well their students know about sexual education,

hence, giving them the opportunity to educate not only their students, but also other youth.
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Parents

To be able to identify their child's lack of knowledge about a certain issue on

sexuality.

Researcher

The result of this study may affect their image positively or negatively.

Future Researchers

To serve as a reference for additional information about their study.

Institution

To be used as a basis for them to improve the quality of comprehensive sexuality

education.

Country

To be open-minded about comprehensive sexuality education especially among the

youth.

Definition of Terms

Comprehensive Sexuality Education (CSE) - is a rights-based and gender-

focused approach to sexuality education, whether in school or out of school

Lasciviousness - unrestrained sexual behaviour, or a habitual inclination to such

behavior

Rape - the crime, typically committed by a man, of forcing another person to have

sexual intercourse with the offender against their will

Sexuality - is about your sexual feelings, thoughts, attractions and behaviours

towards other people

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Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD) or Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI)

- any of various diseases or infections that can be transmitted by direct sexual contact

Youth - persons between the ages of 15 and 24

Assumptions and Limitations

Because the privacy of the respondents is highly valued, the respondents are

expected to answer the survey given to them truthfully. The survey is only open to Taguig

City residents between the ages of 15 and 24.

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Chapter 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

Sex education is the study of the characteristics of male and female beings that

comprise a person's sexuality (Burt, 1970).All of us want to be educated about sexual

education. However, sex education does not only refer to what most people think it does—

intercourse. It is more than that. Sex education focuses on humans' sexuality that is,

including emotional relations and responsibilities, human sexual anatomy, sexual activity,

sexual reproduction, age of consent, reproductive health, reproductive rights, safe sex, birth

control and sexual abstinence (Hall, 2011). Combining all of these aspects, we can teach

comprehensive sex education.

Discussing sex education is considered a taboo in almost all parts of the world.

People, especially our youth, aren't given enough and proper sex education. The

consequences of not teaching adolescents proper comprehensive sex education are hard.

As we all know, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are widespread. Human

immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are the

most common types of STD. In the Philippines, a staggering 81,169 HIV cases were

reported from January 1984 to October 2020. 735 of these cases were confirmed in October

of 2020 alone. 704 of these confirmed cases are males. In addition, 38% of these cases

were from the National Capital Region (NCR), with the highest number of reported cases

(DOH HARP, 2020). Bear in mind that all of these are just the reported cases and there are

some other cases that are left unreported.

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Another obvious consequence is teenage pregnancies. Actually, 2,441 girls ages ten

to 14 years old give birth every year. That is about seven births everyday (PopCom, 2019).

Besides the aforementioned situations, there are many other negative outcomes of

not having a proper comprehensive sex education.

Parents should teach their children about sex and sexuality (Theodorakisis et al.,

2019). There is a common saying that if something is not taught by the parents, their

children will learn about it from somewhere else. We are all aware that parents are our

primary educators. That is why they should be the ones to introduce to children all about

sex and sexuality. Like the different ways of practicing safe sex and, most of all, consent.

Sex education should be taught in schools (Gabe, 2018). Formal sex education is

important to have as a subject. It will let students know what the truly important aspects of

it are. It also encourages students to apply it in their life.

Learning about sex and sexuality through parents is helpful in understanding the

aspects because of more in-depth discussion that the teachers may or may not provide to

their students.

Regardless of who will teach children about comprehensive sex education, we

cannot deny the fact that this subject is more essential and can be applied more practically

than subjects like calculus.

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Chapter 3

METHODOLOGY

Research Approach

The qualitative method was used by the researcher. The information obtained

would be non-numerical. Furthermore, the research design employed is a narrative design.

The design intends to analyze the respondents' narratives in relation to the questions that

the researcher would pose.

Sampling Method

The researcher employed probability sampling to represent the youths in Taguig.

The population is high because the area is so large. The researcher narrowed down and

randomly selected their participants using probability sampling.

Data Collection Method

The researcher used a standardized method to perform an interview with their

selected participants. Respondents will be able to have concrete responses to these issues,

which will aid in the analysis.

Data Analysis Method

The researcher interpreted the data they collected using narrative analysis.

Researcher can quickly interpret and analyze data using this tool.
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Chapter 4

RESULT

The researcher acquired the information in this chapter by conducting a survey

among random participants utilizing Google forms as questionnaires. It seeks to give

critical information for the study, such as the knowledge source, level of knowledge, and

participants’ perspectives on sexuality education in Taguig City.

Table 1. Age of Respondents

AGE FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

15 – 17 6 20%

18 – 20 23 76.7%

21 – 24 1 3.3%

total 30 100%

The table 1 shows the age of the respondents. 20% of the respondents are 15 to 17

years of age. 70 6.7% are from ages 18 to 20. Only one participant is 21 to 24 years of

age.
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Table 2. Gender of Respondents

GENDER FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

Male 11 36.7%

Female 14 46.7%

LGBTQ+ 5 16.7%

total 30 100%

The table 2 shows the gender of the respondents. 36.7% are male. Most of the

respondents are female. 16.7% of them are part of the LGBTQ+ community.

Table 3. Respondents’ Source of Knowledge About Sexuality Education

SOURCE OF
FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
KNOWLEDGE

Parents 4 13.3%

Teachers 7 23.3%

Friends 10 33.3%

Classmates 1 3.3%

Web 8 26.7%

total 30 100%

The table 3 shows the respondents' source of knowledge about sexual education.

13.3% of the respondents' source of knowledge is their parents. 23.3% are from their
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teachers. Most of the respondents' sources are their friends. 3.3% are from their

classmates. 26.7 percent are sourcing in the web.

Table 4. Respondents’ Depth of Knowledge about Sexuality Education

ASPECTS OF

SEXUALITY FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

EDUCATION

Importance of Consent 16 53.3%

Age of Consent 15 50%

Sexual Anatomy 8 26.7%

Emotional Relations and

16 53.3%
Responsibilities

Reproductive Health 13 43.3%

Reproductive Rights 10 33.3%

Sexual Activities 12 40%

Sexual Reproduction 12 40%

Safe Sex 20 66.7%

Birth Control 20 66.7%

Sexual Abstinence 6 20%

total 30 100%

The table 4 shows what aspects of sexuality education the respondents are

knowledgeable about. 53.3% of respondents are knowledgeable about the importance of

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consent. 50% are knowledgeable about the age of consent. 26.7% are knowledgeable about

sexual anatomy. 53.3% are knowledgeable about emotional relations and responsibilities.

43.3% are knowledgeable about reproductive health. 33.3% are knowledgeable about

reproductive rights. 40% are knowledgeable about sexual activities. The same percentage

of respondents is knowledgeable about sexual reproduction. 66.7% are knowledgeable

about safe sex. The same number of percentage can be applied to respondents that are

knowledgeable about birth control. Only 20% are knowledgeable about sexual abstinence.

Figure 1. Data of Different Aspects of Comprehensive Sexuality Education

Sexual Abstinence
Birth Control
Safe Sex
Sexual Reproduction
Sexual Activities
Reproductive Rights
Number of Respondents
Reproductive Health
Eotional Relations and…
Sexual Anatomy
Age of Consent
Importance of Consent

0.00% 20.00% 40.00% 60.00% 80.00%

Figure 1 shows the data presented in table 4. Here, we can see the comparison in

the number of respondents who have knowledge about comprehensive sexuality education.
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Table 5. Respondents’ Perspective about the Quality of Sexuality Education in

Taguig City

QUALITY FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

Very Poor 6 20%

Poor 14 46.7%

Average 9 30%

Good 1 3.3%

Excellent 0 0

total 30 100%

The table 5 shows the respondents perspective about the quality of sexuality

education in Taguig City. 20% said that it is very poor. The majority of the respondents

said that it is poor. 30% said it is average. A point 3.3% said that it is good. No respondents

said that it is excellent.

Results and Arguments

The researcher determined that female youth between the ages of 18 and 20 make

up the majority of Taguig City's gender and age groups. In contrast 2/1 should be their

major source of sexuality education knowledge—parents and teachers—the respondents'

friends are the major source of sexuality education knowledge. Safe sex and birth control

are two of the most well-known areas of sexuality education, which are as important as the

other aspects. Furthermore, based on the responses of the participants, Taguig City's

sexuality education is of poor quality.

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Discovery of the Result

The participants completed a Google form survey given by the researcher. The

researcher then gathered it as tangible proof for this study. The findings revealed that

Taguig City youths are lacking in comprehensive sexuality education, particularly in the

areas of sexual abstinence sexual anatomy (which have been covered in elementary and

junior high school), reproductive rights, sexual activities, sexual reproduction,

reproductive health, and age of consent. Furthermore, the knowledge about the importance

of consent is just at an alarming rate of 53.3%. This explains why the respondents rating

of the quality of education in Taguig City is poor.

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Chapter 5

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATION

This chapter provides a summary of the research work completed, the conclusions

reached, and the recommendations made as a result of this study. The purpose of this

study is to evaluate the source, depth, and quality of sexuality education among Taguig

youth.

Summary of Findings

The following are the study's findings:

1. Who is Taguig City’s primary source of comprehensive sexuality education

knowledge?

The two basic sources of sexuality education information are their friends and the web.

Having said this, sexuality education information is provided by sources that are not

sufficiently credible.

2. What are the well-known aspects of comprehensive sexuality education?

The youth is well informed about safe sex and birth control. However, they are not well

informed about the basics, such as sexual anatomy, that should already be taught at

elementary and junior high schools.

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3. What is the quality of comprehensive sexuality education in Taguig City?

The quality of sexuality education in Taguig is rated as poor by the Taguig youth.

Conclusion

Based on the findings of the study, the following conclusions are drawn:

1. The researcher conclude that the information about sexuality education that the

youth know about is of a sufficiently credible source.

2. The findings revealed that the youth lacks information about the basic aspects of

sexuality education.

3. The quality of sexuality education in Taguig got a poor rating from the city's youth.

Recommendation

The source, depth, and quality of sexuality education in Taguig were disclosed in this study.

As a result, the following recommendations are made:

1. The researcher recommend that Taguig schools provide more comprehensive

discussions about sexuality education. Seminars on the topic's relevance and facets

can also be held for the youth and their parents to become more aware of and

informed about it.

2. The researcher recommend that the local government of Taguig will be able to find

more ways and create more plans regarding sexuality education.

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References

Bilton, I. (2017, November 09).Study International.Sex education around the world: how

were you taught?. https://www.studyinternational.com/news/sex-education/

Burt, J.J. (1970). Education for Sexuality: Concepts and Programs for Teaching. W B

Saunders Ltd.

Hall, D.W., & Stanger-Hall, K.F. (2011). Abstinence-Only Education and Teen Pregnancy

Rates: Why We Need Comprehensive Sex Education in the U.S. PLoS One.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3194801/

HIV/AIDS & Art Registry of the Philippines. (2020, October). Department of Health.

Epidemiology Bureau.

https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://doh.gov.ph/sit

es/default/files/statistics/EB_HARP_Oct_AIDSreg2020.pdf&ved=2ahUKEwjy_4

663aDxAhW04jgGHaB3B_wQFjABegQIBBAC&usg=AOvVaw1oWg_nhCZIA

mSlU8EQTb-C

Implementing Regulations of Republic Act No. 10354. (2013, March 18). GovPh. Official

Gazette.https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2013/03/18/implementing-rules-and-

regulations-of-republic-act-no-10354/

Policy Guidelines on the Implementation of the Comprehensive Sexuality Education.

(2018, July 13). GovPh. Republic of the Philippines: Department of Education.

https://www.deped.gov.ph/2018/07/13/do-31-s-2018-policy-guidelines-on-the-

implementation-of-the-comprehensive-sexuality-education/
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Ponzetti, Jr., J.J. (Ed.). (2015). Evidence-based Approaches to Sexuality Education: A

Global Perspective. Routledge Publishing.

PopCom: Number of Girls 10-14 y/o who Give Birth Continue to Rise. (n.d). GovPh.

Republic of the Philippines: Commission on Population and Development.

https://popcom.gov.ph/?p=759