Sexual Perception and Behavior Among the Senior High

School Students in Catalunan Pequeño

National High School

A Quantitative Research Presented to the Faculty

of Catalunan Pequeno National High School
Km. 12 Catalunan Pequeno, Davao City

In Partial Fulfillment
to the Requirements of the Senior High School
Program of the Department of Education

De Leon, Alfonso Andrie W.

Quirequire, Kim Alyanna A.
Neniel, Clark Louiese G.
Doromal, Andrean T.
Dagohoy, Zaldy A.
Amoy, Stiffany M.
Destajo, Nicole G.
Alidon, Jonash H.
Regala, Claire B.

February 2023
 ii

APPROVAL SHEET

This Practical Research 2 output entitled, “Sexual Perception and Behavior

Among the Senior High School Students of Catalunan Pequeño National High
School” prepared and submitted by Alidon J., Dagohoy Z., De Leon A.A, Neniel
C.L, Quirequire K, Destajo N., Regala C., Doromal A., Amoy S.. in partial
fulfillment of the requirements for the completion of the Senior High School
Program has been examined and is hereby recommended for oral examination,
acceptance, and approval.

GENELYN A. BARBASAN
Research Teacher/Adviser

PANEL OF EXAMINERS

Accepted and approved by the panel of examiners with a rating of Very

Satisfactory.

MARY JEAN S. ROSALES CATHERINE L. RUBILLAR

Member Member

ENRICO B. ABO
Chairperson

Acceptance in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Senior High School
Program in Humanities and Social Sciences Strand.

JANETH C. MUSA
Principal II
 iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The researchers: Alfonso Andrie de Leon, Kim Alyanna Quirequire, Clark

Louiese Neniel, Andrean Doromal, Zaldy Dagohoy, Jonash Alidon, Nicole

Destajo, Stiffany Amoy, and Claire Regala would like to express their utmost

appreciation and thank the people who contributed to the fulfillment of this study.

Without them, the study would not have been made possible.

First and foremost, to the Almighty, for the gift of knowledge and

understanding that He has given to the researchers, and for staying by their side

all throughout the entire research process. His presence alone was sufficient for

them to gain strength, optimism, and determination to meet the success and

fulfilment of this research.

Ma’am. Genelyn Barbasan, our Practical Research 2 teacher, for the

constant guide, support, and encouragement she has provided to the

researchers. They would also like to thank her for her insightful teachings that

helped the researchers establish the research paper appropriately. Also, for her

unwavering guidance and support during the completion of the paper. They

would also like to thank her for giving valuable advices and recommendations

that guided the researchers.

Furthermore, the researchers would like to extend their gratitude to their

parents and other family members, for their moral support and words of

encouragement that motivated the researchers to accomplish the entire research

process.
 iv

The fulfillment of this study has not been easy, but through the help of

those aforementioned people, the researchers were able to get through its

success. Surely, they will always be wholeheartedly grateful to everyone who

contributed during the entire completion of this piece of work.

 v

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship

between sexual perception and behavior among the senior
high school students in the Catalunan Pequeño National High
School. A self-administered face-to-face questionnaire was
completed by 25 participants to gather information on their
sexual beliefs, practices, and experiences. Results showed a
strong correlation between sexual perception and behavior,
with those who held more progressive attitudes towards
sexual diversity reporting more diverse sexual experiences.
The findings from this study contribute to the ongoing
discourse on the complexities of human sexuality and highlight
the need for education and awareness initiatives to promote
healthy sexual perception and behaviors.

Keywords: sexual perception, behavior, sexual beliefs, sexual

practices, sexual diversity, sexual education, human sexuality.
 vi

Table of Contents

Page

Title Page i

Approval Sheet ii

Acknowledgement iii

Abstract iv

CHAPTER

1 Research Background 8

Introduction 8

Statement of the Problem 10

Hypothesis 10

Theoretical/Conceptual Framework 11

Scope and Delimitation 12

Definition of Terms 13

2 Review of Related Literature and Studies 15

Sexual Perception

Sexual Behavior

3 Methodology 19

Research Design 19

Research Respondents 19
 vii

Sampling Procedure 20

Data Instrument 20

Data Gathering Procedure 21

Data Analysis 22

4 Results and Discussion 23

Results 23

Discussion 26

5 Conclusion and Recommendations 28

Conclusion 29

Recommendations 29

Reference 31

Appendices 35

A Survey Questionnaire 35

B Validations Sheet 38

C Permission to Conduct the Study 41

D Statistical Tools 42

E Evidences 45

Curriculum Vitae
 Chapter 1

Research Background

Introduction

Adolescence is a highly dynamic period characterized by rapid growth and

development. Adolescents have limited knowledge about sexual and

reproduction health, and know little about the natural processes of puberty,

sexual health, pregnancy or reproduction. Sex education should be an integral

part of the learning process beginning in childhood and continuing into adult life,

because it is lifelong process, Randhir (2017). However, with the Philippines

being a Christian country, sex is a taboo topic and many parents and religious

affiliations argued that discussing this idea will only lead to promiscuity, Gallao

et. al., (2020). Therefore, proper sex education is not taught in academic

institutions.

In South Africa, early adolescent pregnancies increase the incidence of

human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among women according to Christofides

et. al (2014). The study showed that the higher risk is associated with sexual risk

behaviors such as higher partner numbers and a greater age difference with

partners rather than a biological explanation of hormonal changes during

pregnancy.

According to the Department of Health (DOH) (2020), Metro Manila

posted the highest number of new HIV cases among all regions from January to

March 2020. Of these, three were 10-14 years old, 23 were 15-17 years old and

103 were 18-19 years old. Ninetysix percent (124) were infected through sexual
 9

contact (23 male-female sex, 76 male-male sex, and 25 had sex with both males

& females). Whereas ninety-four percent (2,658) of the newly diagnosed were

male. The median age was 28 years old (age range: 1-78 years old). Almost half

of the cases (48%, 1,359) were 25-34 years old and 30% (834) were 1524 years

old at the time of diagnosis.

Meanwhile, the 2017 National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS)

showed that Davao Region recorded the highest teenage pregnancy rate

nationwide at

17.9%, Northern Mindanao at 14.7% and Southwestern Mindanao

(SOCCSKSARGEN) at 14.5% compared with the national average of 8.6%,

Colina,

(2018).
Furthermore, The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural

Organization (UNESCO) argues that programmes promoting abstinence as the

only option have also been found to be effective in delaying sexual initiation,

reducing the frequency of sex or reducing the number of sexual partners,

UNESCO (2015). Sex education does not only discuss how a child is born but it

also explains the biological, psychological, and sociological aspects of sexual

behavior and it also plays a big role in their sexual development, all of which

could aid in transforming children into healthy and responsible adults. Thus, CSE

leads to improved sexual and reproductive health, resulting in the reduction of

sexually transmitted infections (STIs), HIV, and unintended pregnancy.

This is why the researchers decided to address the problem in sexual

behavior to inform the youth on topics including sex, sexuality and bodily
 10

development. By determining the level of sexual perception and behavior among

senior high school students in Catalunan Pequeño National High School.

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to find out the significant relationship between the sexual

perception and behavior among the senior high school students in Catalunan

Pequeño National High School. To obtain all the essential knowledge, data, and

information, the research sought to answer the following questions:

1. What is the level of sexual perception of the senior high school students in

Catalunan Pequeño National High School?

2. What is the level of sexual behavior of the senior high school students in

Catalunan Pequeño National High School?

3. Is There a significant relationship between the level of sexual perception and

sexual behavior among the senior high students in Catalunan Pequeño National

High School?

Hypothesis

HO. There is no significant relationship between the level of sexual

perception and sexual behavior among senior high school students in Catalunan

Pequeño National High School.

 11

HA. There is a significant relationship between the level of sexual

perception and sexual behavior among senior high school students in Catalunan

Pequeño National High School.

Conceptual Framework

Independent Variable Dependent Variable

Sexual Perception Sexual Behavior

Figure 1. Conceptual Framework of the Study

Theoretical Framework

This study is anchored by Ajzen’s Theory of Planned Behavior Applied

(1991), This theory assumes that behavior can be predicted by an individual’s

intentions to perform a behavior based on their attitudes toward the behavior,

subjective norms toward the behavior, and their perception of control over the

behavior. The Theory of Planned Behavior is an extension of the earlier Theory

of Reasoned Action. Sexuality education curricula that focus on developing

positive attitudes toward healthy sexual behaviors and social acceptance for

these healthy behaviors result in higher levels of intentions to use health

promoting behaviors. Curricula using the Theory of Planned

 12

Behavior recognize that attitudes are affected by individuals’ beliefs concerning

the possible consequences for an action or behavior while also considering the

importance of the eventual outcome and address the development of these

attitudes and beliefs. In addition, these curricula include strategies that

encourage adolescents to analyze beliefs about what people, whom they

consider to be important in their lives, think they should do (subjective norms)

and their motivation to comply with these expectations. The presence of or lack

of certain factors informs individuals’ decisions about perceived personal control,

thus making it easier or harder to perform the behavior. An example of a sexuality

education activity based on the Theory of Planned Behavior is to have students

brainstorm factors that might negatively impact an adolescents decision not to

get tested for STDs. Identify multiple strategies for removing the barrier in each

situation.

Scope and Delimitation

The main purpose of this study is to determine the Level of sexual

perception and

Its Effects on the Sexual Behavior Among the Catalunan Pequeño National High
School

Senior High School Students. The study considers the student’s perception

regarding sexual topic.

The researchers limited the study only in Senior High School Students

enrolled in the first semester of the school year 2022-2023 of Catalunan Pequeño

National High School. Each of the respondents were interviewed through survey
 13

questionnaires for the researchers to get their point of view. The students

selected came from senior high school students to get their objective perception.

Definition of Terms

To facilitate a better understanding of the study, the following terms are

defined conceptually and operationally:

Adolescence. Is the phase of life between childhood and adulthood, from

10 to 19.

Affiliations. Is being a member of a community organization

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Is a virus that attacks the body’s

immune system.

Institutions. A society or organization founded for a religious, educational,

social, or similar purpose.

Promiscuity. Is the act of engaging in sexual relationships with numerous

people or of being indiscriminate about who you have sexual relationships with.

Senior High School Students. Defined as the individuals who are currently

enrolled in grades 11 or 12 of a secondary education in Catalunan Pequeño

National High School, typically between the ages of 16-18 years old and the

target population for studying their sexual perception and behaviour about

various aspects of sexual health, including contraception, STIs, healthy

relationships, and consent.

 14

Sexual Behavior. Behavior towards sexuality refers to the actions,

reactions, and interactions of an individual towards sexual topics, sexual

behaviors, and sexual identity. This includes a wide range of attitudes, beliefs,

and practices, such as sexual activity, sexual desires, sexual identity, sexual

orientation, sexual health, and sexual relationships.

Sexual Perception. is a feeling, belief, or opinion of approval or

disapproval towards sexual including; puberty and reproduction, abstinence,

contraception and condoms, relationships, sexual violence prevention, body

image, gender identity and sexual orientation.

 Chapter 2

Review of Related Literature

The researchers considered several literature and studies that have been

previously conducted to determine the most suitable approach in conducting the

study and argument more comprehensive concepts. Here under are several

literature and studies that have been found related to this present study. To gain

more understanding on this study, a thorough reading and studies on book,

research materials, theses, and surfing the internet were conducted which are

needed in providing information for the effectiveness and reliability of this study

determining the sexual perception and behaviour of the students.

Sexual Perception and Behavior about Sex Education

Research by Abrigo & Paqueo (2016). Despite its relevance and

applicability to current social issues in the country, sex education is still regarded

as one of the most contentious and sensitive topics to debate. Critics expressed

their concerns about educating students about sex education in schools.

According to them, teaching youth about sex and reproductive health care may

result in early sexual initiation because schools may unknowingly promoting and

advocating the concept of sex and the sexual awakening of young adults who

will now be armed with a wealth of information on the subject.

 16

According to Astle S. Et al. (2020), young people in the USA view the sex

education they receive as outdated and insufficient. The prevalence rates of

sexually transmitted infections and pregnancy among adolescents further attest

to the inadequacy of current sex education paradigms. In order to identify

suggestions for the improvement of sex education, they conducted six focus

groups with 38 college students at a southwestern US university. Participants

discussed the school-based sex education they had received and their

suggestions to improve this aspect of education. Participants reported that the

sex education they received was awkward, not helpful and often used scare

tactics. Six themes about potential improvements emerged including the desire

for basic information about sex; coverage of diverse sexual behaviors and

identities; more discussion of the social, emotional and relational aspects of sex;

sex education earlier and more often; the inclusion of updated and realistic

information; and instruction from trained professionals. This study adds to the

current body of literature studying ways in which sex education is not meeting

the needs of adolescents in the USA. Implications for changes to current sex

education practices are discussed.

Nonetheless, in order to address the accumulating societal problems

associated with sexual behavior, such as overpopulation, the rising rate of

teenage pregnancy must be addressed. And the rising number of STD cases,

the Philippines is gradually embracing sex education and is gradually

implementing Comprehensive Sex Education (CSE) in the education curriculum

of the country’s public schools. In agreement with this. The Department of

Education issued CSE policy guidelines to ensure that learners receive relevant
 17

and timely information to advance gender equality and empowerment,

Montemayor (2019).

Biological, Psychological, and Sociological

According to Coyne Sarah M. et. Al. (2019) they revealed that exposure

to sexual media had a small but significant effect on both sexual attitudes and

behaviors; the effect size was comparable to other media effects meta-analyses.

Effects were stronger for adolescents than emerging adults. In addition, effects

were stronger for boys than girls and for white participants compared with black

participants.

Sexual behaviors and cultural norms are interconnected, it is through

culture that people learn how to behave and understand the world around them.

In many cultural contexts, young men are taught from a very young age how to

behave based on dominant notions of what it means to be a man in that particular

context. As such, in some cultural context sexual risk-taking such as having

multiple sexual partners and unprotected sex are perceived as normal behaviour

for men. Some young men embrace such normalised sexual behaviours which

often has negative implications on their future. This study explored the influence

of cultural norms on the sexual behaviour of young men. Our findings revealed

that there other influences on the sexual behaviours of the young men, which

included family, community and peers. It also emerged that gender norms

regarding what it means to be a man still prevailed which some of the young men

in the study adhered to, notably such notions seemed to be rejected by some of

them. The university setting appeared to be space where a lot of sexual risk-
 18

taking took place, which potentially exposed the young men in the study to many

sexual risks. In conclusion, targeted programs for the university setting should

aim to challenge gender norms that expose young men to sexual risks. Khumalo

Sinakekelwe (2020).

Greater levels of community religious practice are correlated with lower

levels of teen sexual activity . Traditional values and religious beliefs are among

the most common factors cited by teens as their reason for remaining sexually

abstinent, second only to fear (e.g., fear of an unwanted pregnancy, a sexually

transmitted disease, or parental discipline). Youth who attend religious services

more frequently have less permissive attitudes toward sexual activity and less

sexual experience than peers who attend religious services less frequently. An

analysis of National Longitudinal Survey of Adolescent Health found that each

increase in religiosity on their scale reduced the odds of becoming sexually active

by 16 percent for girls and by 12 percent for boys.

In a 2002 review of the academic literature on the effects of religion, 97

percent of the studies reported significant correlations between increased

religious involvement and a lower likelihood of promiscuous sexual behaviors.

Individuals with higher levels of religious commitment and those who regularly

attended religious services were generally much less likely to engage in

premarital sex or extramarital affairs or to have multiple sexual partners.

Marypedia (2020).
 Chapter 3

Methods

In this chapter, the researchers described the method and procedure

used in the study. The following are discussed in details: Research Design,

Research Respondents, Research Instrument, Sampling Procedure, Data

Gathering Procedure and Data Analysis.

Research Design

This study is a quantitative descriptive-correlation which determines the

relationship between the sexual perception and behaviour among the senior high

school students in Catalunan Pequeño National High School. It sought to

investigate the extent to which one or more relationship of some type exists. The

approach required no manipulation other than that required to administer the

instrument necessary to collect the data desired this method involved recording,

analyzing and interpreting data gathering through a test questionnaire.

Research Respondents

The respondents of this study were thirty (25) senior high school students

of Catalunan Pequeño National High School who were enrolled for school year

2022-2023. The respondents were randomly selected from a total of seven

hundred eighty-four (784) students.

 20

Research Instrument

The research used a survey questionnaire as instrument for data. The

researchers development the test by dividing in into two (2) parts: Sexual

Perception and behaviour and opinions. Each part contains ten (10) statements

which were assessed through a Likert scale. The scale of 5 had the descriptive

equivalent of Strongly Agree, which means that the item embodied is exceedingly

observed: 4 had the descriptive equivalent of Agree, which means that the item

is adequately observed: 3 had the descriptive equivalent of Neutral, which means

that the item embodied id moderately or substantially observed: 2 had the

descriptive equivalent of Disagree, which means that the item embodied is

practiced to a very limited extent and 1 had the descriptive equivalent of Strongly

Disagree, which means that the item embodied in not existing at all.

The instrument had undergone validation from three (3) research experts

for the acceptability and approval of this study.

Sampling Procedure

The researchers utilized a survey questionnaire to acquire data needed to

attained the objectives of the study. The researchers used Simple random

technique, the population is 784 of senior high school students of Catalunan

Pequeño National High School and the researchers only needed 25 respondents

to answer the survey questionnaire. This was done through a survey

 21

questionnaire that was designed anchored to the goals of this study.

Consequently, the survey questionnaire was composed of two sections:

(1)sexual perception of the respondents, and (2) behaviour of the respondents

about sexual matters.

Moreover, the first and second section of the questionnaire contains answerable

by Likert scale. The survey was done through simple random technique and was

conducted through physical contact to the respondents.

Data Gathering Procedure

The following steps were done in the conduct of the research study:

1. Seeking Permission to Conduct the Study

The researchers made a letter addressed to the principal of Catalunan

Pequeño National High School asking permission to conduct the study,

noted by the thesis adviser

2. Preparation of the Questionnaire

a. Test Questionnaire

The researchers developed a survey questionnaire to measure the students

sexual perception and behaviour and opinion.

b. Content Validity of the Test

 22

The instruments were validated by three (3) research experts of Catalunan

Pequeño National High School.

The evaluation sheet contains the following criteria: focus on the

study, cohesiveness, meet the needs of the learners, inclusive items, correlation.

Comprehensible input and aims in the study. Suggestions and comments given

by the evaluators served as the basis for the revision and refinement of the test.

3. Administration, Retrieval, and Recording.

Data Analysis

The following statistical tools were used in the study:

Mean. This was used to determine the Sexual perception and

Behaviour and Opinions.

Standard Deviation. This was used to measure the dispersion of

the data from the mean.

Pearson Product Moment Correlation. This statistical tool was used

to determine the significance of the relationship between the two

variables.
 Chapter 4

Results and Discussion

This chapter presents the data gathered, the results of the statistical analysis
done

and interpretation of findings. These are presented in tables following the

sequence of the specific research problem regarding the sexual perception and

behaviour of the senior high school students in Catalunan Pequeño National

High School, Davao City.

Table 1. Means and Standard Deviation of Student’s Sexual Perception

Mean Std. Deviation Descriptions

Sexual orientation, puberty and 4.4400 .91652 Strongly Agree
reproduction, gender identity, use of
contraceptive and condoms is a crucial
topic
Talking about sex in front of my 3.4000 1.44338 Neutral
parents is awkward.

Sexual Education should be banned in 2.2000 1.22474 Disagree

the Philippines to lessen the sex
initiations of the teenagers,
Abortion should be legalized in the 2.7600 1.23423 Neutral
Philippines, for the country’s sake.

Only married couples should engage 3.4400 1.08321 Agree

in sexual activity.

I think that religion has a positive 3.2800 .84261 Neutral

influence on sexual attitudes.

Condoms should be given to 3.8800 1.23558 Agree

adolescent for free.
I agree, that DepEd should implement 4.4000 .95743 Strongly Agree

the Comprehensive Sex Education

(CCSE) in school institutions.

I support the legalization of same sex 3.0800 1.65630 Neutral

marriage.
I agree, that Homosexuality is a 3.3600 1.11355 Neutral
choice.
Sexual Perception 3.4240 1.170755 Agree
Note: N=25; 1.00-1.80=strongly disagree; 1.81-2.60=disagree; 2.61-3.40= neutral; 3.41-4.20=
agree; 4.21-5.00= strongly agree.

Table 1 shows the mean and the standard deviation of the student’s sexual

perception, the table shows a total mean of 3.42 (Agree); which denotes that
 24

most students agree that their sexual perception influence their behaviour. In the

table, students strongly agree that everything about sex including sexual

orientation; puberty and reproduction; gender identity; use of contraceptives and

condoms labeled as a controversial topic to discuss with (Mean = 4.44, SD =

0.92). But most of the students disagree of banning sexual education in the

Philippines to lessen the sex initiation of the teenagers (Mean = 2.2, SD = 1.22)

Table 2. Means and Standard Deviation of Student’s Behaviour towards to their

Sexual Perception
Mean Std. Deviation Description

I preferred to use condom when sex is 4.1200 .83267 Agree

initiated.
I can say ‘no’ when my partner is in the 3.3200 1.28193 Neutral
mood.
I preferred for an open relationship to make 3.4000 1.35401 Neutral
our bonding stronger, seek for our needs,
and to satisfy ourselves.
I get discouraged when I know my 2.7200 1.13725 Neutral
partner’s sex history.

I only engage in sexual intercourse for my 2.3600 .99499 Disagree

self-satisfaction.

I believe that pornography can be harmful 3.7600 1.26754 Agree

to individuals and society.

I don’t consider sex as an important thing 2.9600 1.17189 Neutral

because it’s normalized now.

I only consider gay people who are 2.4400 1.12101 Disagree

wearing girls things.

I agree that casual sex is morally 2.9200 .81240 Neutral

acceptable.
I agree that sexual orientation is something 3.8000 .95743 Agree
that can be changed or influenced by
external factors.
Sexual Behaviour mean: 3.1800 1.093112 Neutral
Note: N=25; 1.00-1.80=strongly disagree; 1.81-2.60=disagree; 2.61-3.40= neutral; 3.41-4.20=
agree; 4.21-5.00= strongly agree.

Table 2 shows the mean and standard deviation of the students’ behaviour

according to their sexual perception, the table shows a total mean of 3.18
 25

(Neutral); which denotes that students believe that their sexual perception can

neutrally contribute to their behavior. In the table above, they agree that they are

taking steps to protect themselves and their partner from sexually transmitted

infections (STIs) and unintended pregnancy. In short, safe sex is a must for them

(Mean= 4.12, SD=83), but they don’t want to initiate sexual intercourse for their

own satisfaction because they personally believe that it is immoral (Mean= 2.36,

SD = .99).

Table 3. Correlation between the Means of the Student’s Sexual Perception

and Behavior
Sexual Perception Behaviour Towards

Sexual Perception
Pearson

Correlation
Sexual Perception 1 .0428*

Sig. (2-tailed)
.

N 033 25
25

Pearson

Correlation
Behaviour .0428* 1

Towards Sexual Sig. (2tailed)

. 033 25 25
Perception
N
*.Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).

Table 3 shows that out of the two tables represented, sexual perception

and behaviour. Person product moment correlation was run to find out the

significance, magnitude, and direction of relationship between Perception and

Attitude towards Sex. Results show that Perception and Attitude were found to

have a Significant Low Positive Correlation, r(23)=.0428, t=12.22 > 1.711

 26

Discussions

Sexual Perception and Behavior

The data collected shows that most students has a high level of Sexual

Perception. Furthermore, this information heavily affects their behaviour towards

sex, as they higher tendency to imply what they have learned.

In regards to the relationship between sexual perception and behavior,

study shows, there is a significant relationship between them as shown in the

data given above (table 3). This is tested in an Independent Samples T-test which

shows that in both sexual perception and behavior p > .05.

To further strengthen the results given, the data shown above can be

related to the study “Contributions of mainstream sexual media exposure to

sexual attitudes, perceived peer norms, and sexual behavior: A meta-analysis”

Coyne Sarah M. et. al. (2019). Revealed that exposure to sexual media had a

small but significant effect on both sexual attitudes and behaviors; the effect size

was comparable to other media effects meta-analyses. Effects were stronger for

adolescents than emerging adults. In this study, table 1 and 2 shows that the

responses is dynamically changing and different from adults because of the

influence of social media and other factors that molded the respondents’ sexual

perception.
 27

Consequently, the internet-based sexuality education package was found

to positively affect the sexual knowledge and sexual attitudes among

adolescents, providing a potential solution to the lack of trained educators and

teaching resources for implementing countrywide sexuality education in China.

However, further research is still needed to determine the effects of sexuality

education packages on sexual behaviors Hu Zhenchao et. al. (2023).

Limitations of the Study

This study suffers from the usual limitation of a cross-sectional study. We

only include the senior high school students in Catalunan Pequeño National High

School so it cannot be generalizes to all school adolescent. As sex education is

a sensitive topic, we cannot guarantee about the honest answers as it covered

the sensitive issue i.e., recall bias. Participants may agree with statements as

presented to them, especially when in doubt i.e., acquiescence bias and also

social desirability bias.

 Chapter 5

Summary, Conclusion , and Recommendation

This chapter presents the summary of this study. It begins with a brief

overview of the objective, method, and results to support the conclusions. It is

then followed by recommendations to improve educational standards especially

in the conduct of the study.

Summary of Finding

This study aimed to determine whether there is a significant relationship

between Sexual Perception and Behavior Among the Senior High School

Students in Catalunan Pequeño National High School. Specifically, it aimed to

determine how one’s sexual perception can affect their behaviour towards sexual

orientation; puberty; used of contraceptives and condoms; and etc.. Descriptive-

correlation design was used in this study.

Simple random technique was used in determining the respondents. A

total of 25 respondents from Senior High School Students of Catalunan Pequeño

National High School answered the survey questionnaire.

The researchers findings indicate that the alternative hypothesis is

supported, as the results reject the null hypothesis and provide evidence of a

significant relationship between the sexual perception and behaviour.

 29

Conclusion

The results entails that an increase in sexual perception will mean that

there will also be an increase in behaviour of the students towards sexual

education. The analysis showed that the relationship between the two variables

is statistically significant, meaning that changes in sexual perception are

associated with changes in behavior. This result supports the alternative

hypothesis that sexual perception influences behavior. These findings have

important implications for understanding the dynamics of sexual relationships

and may have practical applications in fields such as psychology, sociology, and

public health. However, it is important to note that this conclusion is based on the

specific sample and methodology used in the study and may not necessarily

generalize to other populations or contexts. Further research is needed to

confirm and expand upon these results.

Recommendations:

After a careful study of the results of this study, the following are

recommended by the researchers:

1. The Department of Education (DepEd) must sufficiently and effectively

implement the Comprehensive Sexuality Education (CSE) to lessen the

ignorance of the adolescence about the sexual orientation; puberty and

reproduction; gender identity; lastly, use of contraceptives and condoms.

2. Teachers and educators must use the result of this research to their advantage.

They should include sex education in senior high school core subjects like
 30

Personal Development to broaden the students’ knowledge about sexual

education.

3. Parents should take an action to monitor their children and strictly aware them

about the consequences of not using condom which such thing (sex) is

initiated.

4. The students must possess optimism and be open-minded, so they can have a

positive and healthy sexual perception and behaviour. Because teenagers

nowadays, including some of the students normalize sex and do such thing for

their own self-satisfaction.

5. Lastly, for the future researchers, they must further do a more in depth

research regarding this so that more answers, more solutions, and more

learnings may be spread to the students, parents, teachers, and other faculty

members.
 31

REFERENCES

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 35

Appendix A

Questionnaire

Dear valuable participants,

We are a group of students in Catalunan Pequeño National High

School (CPNHS) who are going to conduct a research study on “Sexual

Perception and Attitudes Among the Senior High School”. Our ultimate

purposes are to identify the possible reasons, to evaluate the sexual

perception and attitudes of the senior high school students on Catalunan

Pequeño National High School. Thank you for taking your time in assisting

us with this research. Under no circumstances you are obliged to answer

any of the questions, however, in doing so will greatly assist us in

completing our research and enhancing the understanding of this

research focus. The data collected will remain confidential and used solely

for academic purposes.

Part I. Directions: Please indicate your level of agreement or

disagreement with each of these statements regarding to your sexual

perception. Place an ‘✓’ mark in the box of your answer.

5 – Strongly Agree

4 – Agree

3 – Neutral

2 – Disagree

1 – Strongly Disagree
 36

A Statements Related to Sexual Perception 5 4 3 2 1

1. Sexual Orientation, puberty and Reproduction, gender

identity, use of contraceptive and condoms is a crucial

topic.

2. Talking about sex in front of my parents is awkward.

3. Sexual education should be banned in the Philippines to

lessen the sex initiations of the teenagers.

4. Abortion should be legalized in the Philippines, for the

country's sake.

5. Only married couples should engage in sexual activity.

6. I think that religion has a positive influence on sexual

attitudes.

7. Condoms should be given to adolescent for free.

8. I agree that DepEd should implement the Comprehensive

Sex Education (CSE) in school institutions.

9. I support the legalization of same-sex marriage

10. I agree that homosexuality is a choice.

 37

Questionnaire

Part II. Directions: Please indicate your level of agreement or

disagreement with each of these statements regarding to your attitudes.

Place an ‘✓’ mark in the box of your answer.

5 – Strongly Agree

4 – Agree

3 – Neutral

2 – Disagree

1 – Strongly Disagree

B. Statements Related to Attitudes 5 4 3 2 1

1. I preferred to use condom when sex is initiated.

2. I can say 'no' when my partner is in the mood.

3. I preferred for an open relationship to make our bonding stronger, seek for our

needs, and to satisfy ourselves.

4. I get discouraged when I know my partner's sex history.

5. I only engage in sexual intercourse for my self-satisfaction.

6. I believe that pornography can be harmful to individuals and society.

7. I don't consider sex as an important thing because it's normalized now.

8. I only consider gay people who are wearing girl's things.

9. I agree that casual sex is morally acceptable.

10. I agree that sexual orientation is something that can be changed or influenced

by external factors.
 38

Appendix B

Expert’s Validation Sheet

39
40
 41

Appendix C

Letter to Conduct the Study

 42

Appendix D

Statistical Tools

N Mean Std. Deviation Descriptions

Sexual orientation, puberty 25 4.4400 .91652 Strongly
and reproduction, gender Agree
identity, use of
contraceptive and condoms
is a crucial topic
Talking about sex in front 25 3.4000 1.44338 Neutral
of my parents is awkward.
Sexual Education should be 25 2.2000 1.22474 Disagree
banned in the Philippines to
lessen the sex initiations of
the teenagers,
Abortion should be 25 2.7600 1.23423 Neutral
legalized in the Philippines,
for the country’s sake.
Only married couples 25 3.4400 1.08321 Agree
should engage in sexual
activity.

I think that religion has a 25 3.2800 .84261 Neutral

positive influence on sexual
attitudes.
Condoms should be given 25 3.8800 1.23558 Agree
to adolescent for free.
I agree, that DepEd should 25 4.4000 .95743 Strongly
Agree
implement the

Comprehensive Sex

Education (CCSE) in school

institutions.

I support the legalization of 25 3.0800 1.65630 Neutral

same sex marriage.
I agree, that Homosexuality 25 3.3600 1.11355 Neutral
is a choice.
Sexual Perception 25 3.4240 1.170755 Agree
 43

N Mean Std. Description

Deviation
I preferred to use condom when 25 4.1200 .83267 Agree
sex is initiated.
I can say ‘no’ when my partner is 25 3.3200 1.28193 Neutral
in the mood.
I preferred for an open 25 1.35401 Neutral
relationship to make our bonding 3.4000
stronger, seek for our needs, and
to satisfy ourselves.
I get discouraged when I know 25 1.13725 Neutral
my partner’s sex history. 2.7200

I only engage in sexual 25 .99499 Disagree

intercourse for my self- 2.3600
satisfaction.
I believe that pornography can be 25 1.26754 Agree
harmful to individuals and society. 3.7600

I don’t consider sex as an 25 2.9600 1.17189 Neutral

important thing because it’s
normalized now.
I only consider gay people who 25 2.4400 1.12101 Disagree
are wearing girls things.
I agree that casual sex is morally 25 2.9200 .81240 Neutral
acceptable.
I agree that sexual orientation is 25 3.8000 .95743 Agree
something that can be changed
or influenced by external factors.
Sexual Behaviour mean: 25 3.1800 1.093112 Neutral
 44

Sexual Behaviour
Perception Towards

Sexual
Perception
Pearson

Correlation .428*
Sexual 1
Perception
Sig. (2-tailed)
.

N 033
25
25

Pearson

Correlation .428*
Behaviour 1

Towards Sexual Sig. (2tailed)

. 033 25
Perception 25
N
 45

Appendix E

Evidences
 46

Curriculum Vitae

Name: Jonash H. Alidon

Date of Birth: July 18, 2004

Address: Km. 13 Prk, 1. Catalunan Pequeño

Davao City, Hinggosa St., 8000

Age: 18

Nationality: Filipino

Religion: Roman Catholic

Mother’s Name: Teresita Alidon

Father’s Name: Ernesto Alidon

Educational Background:

Primary: Catalunan Pequeño Elementary School

Secondary: Catalunan Pequeño National High School

Strand: HUMSS – Humanities and Social Sciences, Academic

Track
 47

Curriculum Vitae

Name: Alfonso Andrei W. De Leon

Date of Birth: September 23, 2004

Address: Km.12, Purok 12-B SPDA

Village Catalunan Pequeño, Davao City

Age: 18

Nationality: Filipino

Religion: Islam

Mother’s Name: Geraldine W. De Leon

Father’s Name: Emmanuel D. De Leon

Educational Background:

Primary: CHESED School

Secondary: Catalunan Pequeño National High School

Strand: HUMSS – Humanities and Social Sciences, Academic

Track
 48

Curriculum Vitae

Name: Zaldy Dagohoy

Date of Birth: December 30, 2000

Address: Km.13 Catalunan Pequeño

Davao City

Age: 22

Nationality: Filipino

Religion:

Mother’s Name: Rosalinda Dagohoy

Father’s Name: Esmeraldo Dagohoy

Educational Background:

Primary: Catalunan Pequeño Elementary School

Secondary: Catalunan Pequeño National High School

Strand: HUMSS – Humanities and Social Sciences, Academic

Track
 49

Curriculum Vitae

Name: Clark Louiese G. Neniel

Date of Birth: February 2, 2004

Address: Km.12, Purok 12

Catalunan Pequeño, Davao City

Age: 19

Nationality: Filipino

Religion: Christian

Mother’s Name: Rowena Gemota

Father’s Name: James T. Neniel

Educational Background:

Primary: Tugbok Central SPED Center

Secondary: Catalunan Pequeño National High School

Strand: HUMSS – Humanities and Social Sciences, Academic Track

 50

Curriculum Vitae

Name: Nicole Destajo

Date of Birth: March 7, 2005

Address: Blk 20, Lot 70 Samantha

Homes

Catalunan Pequeño Davao City

Age: 17

Nationality: Filipino

Religion:

Mother’s Name: Leonie Gonzales

Father’s Name: Nixon Destajo

Educational Background:

Primary: Magaud Loreto Elementary School

Secondary: Catalunan Pequeño National High School

Strand: HUMSS – Humanities and Social Sciences, Academic

Track
 51

Curriculum Vitae

Name: Kim Alyanna A. Quirequire

Date of Birth: January 5, 2005

Address: Mahugany St. Green Meadows,

Mintal Davao City

Age: 18

Nationality: Filipino

Religion: Roman Catholic

Mother’s Name: Yvonne A. Quirequire

Father’s Name: Allan Christopher L. Quirequire

Educational Background:

Primary: Holy Child Mintal Davao City

Secondary: Holy Cross Mintal – Catalunan Pequeño

National High School

Strand: HUMSS – Humanities and Social Sciences, Academic

Track
 52

Curriculum Vitae

Name: Claire Bongoyan Regala

Date of Birth: April 17, 2005

Address: Purok 1, Blk 10 Wellspring

Highlands,

Catalunan Pequeño, Davao City

Age: 17

Nationality: Filipino

Religion: Roman Catholic

Mother’s Name: Rowena B. Regala

Father’s Name: Jurry G. Regala

Educational Background:

Primary: Catalunan Pequeño Elementary School

Secondary: Catalunan Pequeño National High School

Strand: HUMSS – Humanities and Social Sciences, Academic

Track
 53

Curriculum Vitae

Name: Andrean Teo Doromal

Date of Birth: November 7, 2002

Address: Purok 11 Dapsa

Catalunan Pequeño,

Davao City

Age: 20

Nationality: Filipino

Religion: Roman Catholic

Mother’s Name: Judith Doromal

Father’s Name: Joselito Doromal

Educational Background:

Primary: Tomas V. Balayon Elementary School

Secondary: Catalunan Pequeño National High School

Strand: HUMSS – Humanities and Social Sciences, Academic

Track
 54

Curriculum Vitae

Name: Stiffany M. Amoy

Date of Birth: November 14, 2005

Address: Phase12 BLK 3 lot 33, Daisy

St., Deca Homes, Tacunan, Davao City

Age: 17

Nationality: Filipino

Religion: Roman Catholic

Mother’s Name: Jubylin M. Amoy

Father’s Name: Leonardo H. Amoy

Educational Background:

Primary: Joaquin Elementary School

Secondary: Catalunan Pequeño National High School

Strand: HUMSS – Humanities and Social Sciences, Academic

Track