1.

ASCOMYCETES (SAC FUNGI)

Reproduction: characterized by the

formation of an ascus (plural, asci), a
sac-like structure that contains haploid
ascospores

: Asexual & Sexual

Source : can be found in marine

habitats

Significance : Benefits:

: Some species
such as Penicilium chrysogenum are used to produce antibiotic.
: Some species like Tolypocladium release substances that act as
immunosuppressors. As such, it is used to help patients with poor
immunity.
: Yeast is used in the baking industry
: Production of insulin and other
: Some are used in food preparation

Disadvantages:

: Ophiostoma novo-ulmi, Cryphonectria parasitica and Cochliobolus

heterostrophus cause plant diseases that damage crops and other plants

: Penicilium italicum spoil food that can result in significant loses

: Some species are capable of producing poisonous substances that can

gravely affect humans and animals

: Candida albicans in phylum Ascomycota can cause opportunistic diseases in

human beings. However, they are also capable of causing infections in
healthy individuals.
2. TRICHOMYCETES

Reproduction: Asexual & Sexual

Source : heterotrophic organisms with absorbtive

nutrition that are obligate symbionts (most
species are commensals but a few taxa are
parasites) in the gut of larvae or mature
arthropods with chewing mouth parts

Significance : hosts are still little

understood: they may be commensal, beneficial
or deleterious
: attached to the host by a cellular or noncellular
holdfast

3. CHYTRIDIOMYCETES

Reproduction: single celled organisms

with a few being
multicellular organisms
that may be described as
hyphae.

: some chytrids are

polycentric, that is they
can produce more than
one sporangium per
individual

: Sexual

Source : can be found in a wide range of environments from land to aquatic environment.
: the only phylum that contains fungi that are capable of moving from one point to
another.

Significance : Olpidium a chytrid is active as parasites on plants

: The chytrid Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis responsible for chytridiomycosis, a

disease of amphibians

: most important ecological function chytrids perform is decomposition