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EN 3-2005 Example 003

WIDE FLANGE SECTION UNDER COMBINED COMPRESSION & BENDING

EXAMPLE DESCRIPTION
The frame object axial strengths are tested in this example.

A continuous beam-column is subjected to factored axial load P = 1400 kN and

major-axis bending moment M = 200 kN-m. This example was tested using the
Eurocode 3-2005 steel frame design code. The design capacities are compared
with independent hand calculated results.

GEOMETRY, PROPERTIES AND LOADING

A M

A
L Section A-A

L = 0.4 m

Material Properties Loading Design Properties

E = 210x103 MPa P = 1400 kN fy = 235 MPa
v = 0.3 M = 200 kN-m Section: 457x191x98 UB
G = 80769 MPa

TECHNICAL FEATURES TESTED

 Section compactness check (beam-column)
 Section compression capacity
 Section bending capacity with compression reduction

EN 3-2005 Example 003 - 1

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RESULTS COMPARISON

Independent results are taken from hand calculations based on the CSI steel
design documentation contained in the file “SFD-EC-3-2005.pdf”, which is also
available through the program “Help” menu. Examples were taken from Example
6.6 on pp. 57-59 from the book “Designers’ Guide to EN1993-1-1” by R.S.
Narayanan & A. Beeby.

Percent
Output Parameter SAP2000 Independent Difference

Compactness Class 2 Class 2 0.00%

Section Compression Resistance,
2937.5 2937.5 0.00%
Npl,Rd (kN)
Section Plastic Bending Resistance,
524.1 524.5 -0.08%
Mpl,y,Rd (kN-m)
Section Reduced Bending Resistance, -0.09%
341.9 342.2
Mn,y,Rd (kN-m)

COMPUTER FILE: EN 3-2005 EX003

CONCLUSION
The results show an acceptable comparison with the independent results.

EN 3-2005 Example 003 - 2

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HAND CALCULATION

Properties:
Material: S275 Steel
E = 210000 MPa
fy = 235 MPa
Section: 457x191x98 UB
A = 12,500 mm2
b = 192.8 mm, tf = 19.6 mm, h = 467.2 mm, tw = 11.4 mm, r = 10.2 mm
hw = h − 2t f = 467.2 − 2 • 19.6 = 428 mm

d = h − 2 ( t f + r ) = 467.2 − 2 • (19.6 + 10.2 ) = 407.6 mm

b − tw − 2r 192.8 − 11.4 − 2 • 10.2

=c = = 80.5 mm
2 2
Wpl,y = 2,232,000 mm3
Other:
γM 0 =
1.0

Loadings:
P = 1400 kN axial load
Results in the following internal forces:
N Ed = 1400 kN
M = 200 kN-m

Section Compactness:
235 235
=ε = = 1
fy 235

EN 3-2005 Example 003 - 3

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1 N Ed 
−1 ≤ α= 1 −  ≤ 1
2  2htw f y 
1 1, 400, 000 
=
α 1 − =  2.7818 > 1, so
2  2 • 467.2 • 11.4 • 235 
α =1.0

Localized Buckling for Flange:

For the tip in compression under combined bending & compression
9ε 9 • 1
λ cl .1 = = = 9
α 1
c 80.5
λe = = = 4.11
t f 19.6

=
λ e 4.11 < λ=
cl .1 9
So Flange is Class 1 in combined bending and compression

Localized Buckling for Web:

α > 0.5, so
396ε 396 • 1
λ= = = 33.00 for combined bending & compression
13α − 1 13 • 1 − 1
cl .1

d 407.6
λe = = = 35.75
tw 11.4
=
λ e 35.75 > =
λ cl .1 33.00
456ε 456 • 1
λ= = = 38.00
13α − 1 13 • 1 − 1
cl .2

=
λ e 35.75 < λ
= cl .2 38.00

So Web is Class 2 in combined bending & compression.

EN 3-2005 Example 003 - 4

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Since Web is Class 2, Section is Class 2 in combined bending & compression.

Section Compression Capacity

Af y 12,500 • 235
N pl= =
γM 0
, Rd
1

N pl , Rd = 2937.5 kN

Section Bending Capacity

W pl , y f y 2, 232, 000 • 235
M= =
γM 0
pl , y , Rd
1
M pl , y , Rd = 524.5 kN-m

Axial Reduction
N Ed =
1400kN > 0.25 N pl , Rd =
0.25 • 2937.5 =
734.4 kN

hwtw f y 428 • 11.4 • 235

N Ed =
1400kN > 0.5 =
0.5 • =
573.3kN
γM 0 1
So moment resistance must be reduced.

N Ed 1400
=n = = 0.48
N pl , Rd 2937.5
A − 2bt f 12,500 − 2 • 192.8 • 19.6
=a = = 0.40
A 12,500
1− n 1 − 0.48
M N= M pl , y , Rd = 524.5 •
1 − 0.5a 1 − 0.5 • 0.4
, y , Rd

M N , y , Rd = 342.2 kN-m

EN 3-2005 Example 003 - 5