CHAPTER 01

1.1. Introduction

What is In-plant training?

An in-plant training (IPT) is a short duration training course provided in any

company to help students to get ‘industry’ knowledge and know-how. Its usefulness varies
depending on which branch we are, and which company we do an IPT with.

In plant training provides more practical knowledge for the students , which helps students to
get practical exposure in organization, which helps in development of special skills related to
the job or what actually the job demand. If the students follow career related opportunities
previous to graduation, it provides an opportunity that employers offer to students interested
in gaining work experience in particular industries.

This In plant training offers the information and the quality of concrete sleepers and its
product and service quality of ‘Malu sleepers Private, Ltd’. This also covers the overall
details of ‘Malu sleepers Pvt, Ltd’. This training has helped to gain the knowledge about the
various functional departments.

I have undertaken my project work at ‘Malu sleepers Private, Ltd’, Birur. Malu sleepers
private limited owns and operates the railway sleeper manufacturing unit in Birur. The
organization has been in full fledge operation for several years.

The study focuses on the production process carried on in a manufacturing industry and
information collected regarding each department, functioning under the particular industry.
By meeting the executives of the entire department. The report covers about the vision,
mission, quality control policies, objectives of ‘Malu sleepers’and each level of process
conducted under manufacturing of the product.
1.2. Objectives

 To study the overview of the organization and its activities.

 To understand the various functional departments of the organization.
 To study the detail information about relevant industry and company.
 To analyze the company status through SWOT and McKenzie’s 7’s Model.
 To identify the problem and providing the suggestions to the problem.

1.3. Methodology.

The methodologies to be used for this project are collecting the data
and information from various sources. Data can be classified as primary data and secondary
data.

Primary Data

 Primary data are collected from the employees, managers and the staff members
through personal interaction.
 Different methods were adopted for collecting primary data, like visiting the firm
continuously, self observation, having direct interaction with various authorities of
the firm

Secondary Data

 The secondary data was used to present details about the organization and there
are methods can be used like referring magazines, newspapers, journals,
referring books related to the study and using internets etc.

1.4. Scope for the study

This study is exclusively conducted in ‘Malu Sleepers Private Ltd’, Birur, for a period of 1
month. And also study focus on a relevant and guided learning experience that combines
lecture and practical information.
1.5. Limitations of the study

 Due to time constraints, it was not possible for me to gather complete

information from the functional departments.
 Certain information pertaining to security was not revealed.
 All the employees could not be involved in this study.
 Knowledge of the employee may be limited to scope of the study.
 Certain areas were restricted by the management because of the dangerous
operations carried by those areas.

Chapter scheme
Chapter-01 Introduction

This chapter includes introduction, scope of the study, objectives, methods, of data collection,
limitation of the study.

Chapter-02 Industry profile

This chapter consist introduction to the industry, history of the industry, present and future
status of the industry, industrial contribution to the Indian economy, and industry relevance to
the study.

Chapter-03 Company profile

This chapter includes Profile of the company, Company objectives, its functional
departments, quality standards and products standards, and its infrastructure facilities, and its
competitors.

Chapter-04 Analysis of SWOT and Mckisey’s 7’s model

This chapter deals with SWOT and Mckinsey’s 7’s model

Chapter-05 Finding, suggestions and conclusion

This chapter focused on the findings, suggestions and conclusion.

 CHAPTER 02

INDUSTRY PROFILE

2.1. Introduction

What is an Industry?
An industry is a group of companies that are related based on their primary
business activities. In modern economies, there largest categories called sectors.

Individual companies are generally classified into an industry based on their largest sources
of revenue. For examples, while an automobiles manufacturer might have a financing
division that contributes 10% to the firm’s overall revenues, the company would be classified
in the automaker industry by most classification system.

2.2 How an Industry works.

Similar businesses are grouped into industries based on the primary product
produced or solid, creating industry grouped that can be used to isolate businesses from those
who participate in different activities. Investors and economists often study industries to
better understand the factors and limitations of corporate profit growth.

Companies operating in the same industry can also be compared to each other to evaluate the
relative attractiveness of a company within that industry.

2.3 Types of Industry.

 Manufacturing Industry.....
 Service Industry.....
 Textiles Industry.....
 Food Processing Industry.....
 Chemical Industry.....
 Software Industry.....
 Banking Industry...
 Genetic Industry...
 Construction Industry...
 Mining Industry...etc,
2.4 Industry contribution to the Indian economy
An industry is a sector that produces goods or related services within an economy.
When a large corporate group has multiple sources of revenue generation, it is considered to
be working in different industries.

If agriculture is the backbone of the economy, industry is the energy. The rapid development
of capital goods, industries promote the growth of agriculture, transport and communication.

It also enables the country to produce a variety of consumer goods in large quantities and at
low costs.

Industrial sector contributes 29.02% with GVA of Rs. 39.90lakh cr. While, primary sector of
the economy i.e., Agriculture and allied sector contributes 17.32% and its GVA is around
Rs.23.82lakh cr. at the current prices in FY 2016-17. Apr 2, 2019.

The manufacturing industry become a key sector of production and labour in European
and North American countries during the Industrial Revolution. Man developed country
and many developing/semi-developed countries (China, India etc.) depend significantly on
manufacturing industry.

2.5 Industry and Employment Generation

Creating jobs is a keystone of any economic recovery program. Many
activities can fall under the rubric of job creation, including immediate short-term
opportunities that yield quick impact, or the development of more enduring livelihoods in the
civil service or private sector. It is important to distinguish between these different activities,
recognizing that sustainability and long-term impact should be duly considered in
implementing any employment generation program.

Providing jobs is vital on many levels. Politically, employment opportunities give the
population a stake in the peace process by providing young men and women with alternatives
to violence.

Economically, employment provides income to poor families, revives domestic demand for
goods and services, and stimulates overall growth. Socially, employment can also promote
social healing, encourage the return of displaced persons, and improve social welfare in the
long run. Industrial sector is at the second spot and contributing around 31% of the Indian
GDP. Agriculture sector is at the third spot and contributing around 16% of the Indian GDP.
Industry is providing good employment opportunity.
2.6 Industry relevance to the study
Indian Railway is the life-line of nation providing transportation facility
over the length and breadth of country. It’s vision is to provide efficient, affordable,
customer-focused, environmentally sustainable integrated transportation solution and to be
the vehicle of inclusive growth, connecting regions, communities, ports and centers of
industry, commerce, tourism and pilgrimage across the county.

Earlier, wooden sleepers were used for laying the railway tracks but due to the depleting
wooden resources and increasing concern of the ecological balance, the use of concrete
sleepers was started and now it has completely replaced the wooden sleepers on entire Indian
Railway.

Sleepers
Automation in the sleepers industry aims at improving productivity, achieving zero defects
and meeting just-in-time supply requirement of not only Indian Railway, but the Metro Rail
systems and the Private Railway siding markets to cater to the exacting standards.
Indian railways:
Indian Railways is world’s largest railway network. Railways in India
consume at about 350 Million concrete sleepers. The demand of such sleepers including
Private players is expected to double to nearly 700 million sleepers in next 2 years.

The Indian Railways is among the world’s largest rail networks. The Indian Railways
network is spread over 115,000 Km, with 12,617 passenger trains and 7,421 freight trains
each day from 7,172 stations plying 23 million travellers and 3 million tonnes (MT) of freight
daily. India’s railway network is recognised as one of the largest railway systems in the world
under single management.

Sleepers Industry is the backbone of the railway transportation system constant vigil has to be
maintained during all stages of production, transportation and lying. Proper inspection and
testing during all stages are crucial aspects, which have direct bearing on the quality of the
sleepers.

2.7 Challenges faced by Industry

The manufacturing industry has been beleaguered by obstacles. Nearly every news
outlet has covered the closing of factories, labour disputes between companies and their
employees or reductions in force due to the shift of labour off-shore. The reputation of the
industry has been marred by low wages and less than desirable working conditions, in
addition to quality control problems. The biggest obstacle facing the manufacturing sector
today is the lack of skilled training.

 Price of composite sleepers

 Low anchorage capability
 Formation of material voids
 Creep deformation
 Fibre composite sleepers are a relatively new technology.
2.8 Future Developments
With ongoing track replacement and upgrades being carried out around the world, the
railway sleepers market is huge. It has good market place.

Chris Lo examines the materials being used, from traditional timber to ultra-modern
companies.

Railway sleepers, or railroad ties as they are known in the US, are a somewhat unglamorous
component of the rail industry. But these blocks, which are laid horizontally underneath
tracks to hold rail lines in place at the correct gauge, from the backbone of rail travel.
Millions of these vital blocks are manufactured and distributed every year to satisfy demand
for network expansions and line upgrades.

Concrete sleepers are generally made from cast concrete slabs reinforced internally by steel
wire. Early prototypes made with conventional reinforced concrete were often found too
brittle to withstand high levels of dynamic load.

It’s clear that composite material (or a derivation of the technology) holds the key to creating
a widely adopted, environmentally friendly and operationally efficient substance for the
railway sleeper industry. Cost concern have generally limited its use to lines where timber
and concrete are unsuitable, but as the manufacturing process becomes more refined and
affordable for the sleeper market it seems there will be little standing in the way of
composites catching up and overtaking timber as the sleeper material of choice.