DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF INDICATION / CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE EFFECT

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
ACTION
GENERIC: CNS: Assess bowel pattern before and
Amoxicillin- Augmentin is INDICATIONs: Nausea during treatment as
clavulanic acid bactericidal and Co-amoxiclav is indicated for the treatment of the following Vomiting pseudomembranous colitis may
works by inhibiting the infections due to susceptible strains of sensitive organisms: Headache occur.
BRAND: synthesis of bacterial  Lower respiratory tract infections - bronchitis,
Augmentin, cell walls. pneumonia, bronchiolitis CV: Report haematuria or oliguria as
Clavamox,  Otitis media (middle ear infection) Chest pain, high doses can be nephrotoxic.
Co-amoxiclav  Sinusitis palpitations
Amoxicillin inhibits  Skin and skin structure infections - cellulitis (infection of Assess respiratory status.
CLASS: bacterial cell wall the dermis and subcutaneous tissue), erysipelas GI:
mucopeptide (infection of dermis or hypodermi), folliculitis Diarrhea Observe for anaphylaxis.
synthesis. Clavulanic (inflammation of the hair follicles), furuncles (boils), Gas
THERAPEUTIC; acid inactivates a carbuncles, abscesses, impetigo (large vesicles or Stomach pain Ensure that the patient has
Broad-spectrum wide range of beta- honey-crusted sores), infected ulcers, infected burns, adequate fluid intake during any
antibioic lactam enzymes and other.  GU: Vaginal yeast diarrhoea attack.
found in bacteria  Urinary tract infections (UTI) - infections of the kidneys, infection (itching
PHARMACOLOGIC: resistant to beta- ureters, bladder and urethra (for more details or discharge) Patient teaching
Beta-lactam and lactam antibiotics. read Augmentin for UTI treatment) If the patient develops a rash,
beta- lactamase DERM: wheezing, itching, fever or
inhibitor Skin rash or itching swelling in the joints, this could
CONTRAINDICATION:
indicate an allergy and should
Hypersensitivity to the active substances, to any of the
DOSAGE: be reported.
SOURCE: penicillins or to any of the excipients.
1 g IV q 8 h
625 mg 1 tab BID https://www.emedexp History of a severe immediate hypersensitivity reaction (e.g.
ert.com/facts/amoxicil anaphylaxis) to another beta-lactam agent (e.g. a Patients must ensure they take
ROUTE: lin-clavulanate- cephalosporin, carbapenem or monobactam). the full course of the medicine.
IV facts.shtml
ORAL History of jaundice/hepatic impairment due to The medicine must be taken in
amoxicillin/clavulanic acid equal doses around the clock to
maintain level in the blood.
DRUG TO DRUG INTERACTION:
 Oral anticoagulants If oral contraceptives are used,
Oral anticoagulants and penicillin antibiotics have been use alternative contraception.
widely used in practice without reports of interaction.
However, in the literature there are cases of increased Report diarrhoea, cramping and
international normalised ratio in patients maintained on blood in stools as
acenocoumarol or warfarin and prescribed a course of pseudomembranous colitis may
amoxicillin. If co-administration is necessary, the occur.
prothrombin time or international normalised ratio
should be carefully monitored with the addition or Nurses should refer to
withdrawal of amoxicillin. Moreover, adjustments in the manufacturer’s summary of
dose of oral anticoagulants may be necessary. product characteristics and to
appropriate local guidelines
  Methotrexate
Penicillins may reduce the excretion of methotrexate
causing a potential increase in toxicity.
 Probenecid
Concomitant use of probenecid is not recommended.
Probenecid decreases the renal tubular secretion of
amoxicillin. Concomitant use of probenecid may result
in increased and prolonged blood levels of amoxicillin
but not of clavulanic acid.
 Mycophenolate mofetil
In patients receiving mycophenolate mofetil, reduction
in pre-dose concentration of the active metabolite
mycophenolic acid of approximately 50% has been
reported following commencement of oral amoxicillin
plus clavulanic acid. The change in pre-dose level may
not accurately represent changes in overall MPA
exposure.

DRUG TO FOOD INTERACTION:

Avoid co-administration of antibiotics with milk products
which are rich sources of divalent ions, such as calcium and
magnesium that complex with some antibiotics and
prevent their absorption