Name: Juan Xavier Izurieta Pineda

SIMULATION

HOMEWORK 2 CHAPTER 1
BASIC CONCEPTS OF SIMULATION

1. Consider the following continuously operating job shop. Interarrival times of jobs are distributed as
follows:

Tiempo entre arribos Probabilidad Cumulative Random digits

(horas) Probability
0 0.23 0.23 01 – 23
1 0.37 0.60 24 – 60
2 0.28 0.88 61 – 88
3 0.12 1 89 – 100

Processing times for jobs are normally distributed, with mean 50 minutes and standard deviation 8
minutes. Construct a simulation table and perform a simulation for 10 new customers. Assume
that, when the simulation begins, there is one job being processed (scheduled to be completed in
25 minutes) and there is one job with a 50-minute processing time in the queue.
 (a) What was the average time in the queue for the 10 new jobs?
0.19h or 11.15min

(b) What was the average processing time of the 10 new jobs?
0.8h or 47.82min
(c) What was the maximum time in the system for the 10 new jobs?
2h or 120min

2. Determine the best policy for ordering newspapers form Example 3 in the class material. Make the
simulation table for purchase of 60, 70, and 80 newspapers. ¿Must you use the same random
numbers for each experiment (60, 70, and 80 newspapers)? ¿Why YES or why NOT?

Daily purchase 60

Daily Purchase 70
Daily Purchase 80
The biggest daily profit is generated by selling 80 newspapers, so this would be the best option.

Yes, the same random numbers of each case can be used because the randomness of the
experiment is not affected. However, for a more accurate result, random numbers can be varied.

3. Smalltown Taxi operates one vehicle during the 9:00 A.M. to 5:00 P.M. period. Currently,
consideration is being given to the addition of a second vehicle to the fleet. The demand for taxis
follows the distribution shown:

Time Between Calls (Minutes) 15 20 25 30 35

Probability 0.14 0.22 0.43 0.17 0.04

The distribution of time to complete a service is as follows:

Service Time (Minutes) 5 15 25 35 45

Probability 0.12 0.35 0.43 0.06 0.04
Simulate 1 individual days of operation of the current system and of the system with an additional
taxicab. Compare the two systems with respect to the waiting times of the customers and any
other measures that might help on the situation.

For 1 Taxicab
For 2 Taxicabs
 As the results show, if we use two taxis the waiting times are reduced to zero, for this we must also
consider other associated costs, so it is really feasible.

4. Given A, B, and C, which are uncorrelated random variables, Variable A is normally distributed
with  = 100 and ² = 400. Variable B is discrete uniformly distributed with a probability distribution
given by p(b)=1/5 with b = 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4. Variable C is distributed in accordance with the
following table:

Value of C Probability
10 0.10
20 0.25
30 0.50
40 0.15

Use simulation to estimate the mean of a new variable D, that is defined as

D   A  25B/2C 
Use a sample of size 30. Prepare a histogram of the resulting values, using class intervals of
width equal to 3
5. Estimate, by simulation, the average number of lost sales per week for an inventory system that
functions as follows:

(a) Whenever the inventory level falls to or below 10 units, an order is placed. Only one order can
be outstanding at a time.
(b) The size of each order is equal to 20 – I, where I is the inventory level when the order is placed
(c) If a demand occurs during a period when the inventory level is zero, the sale is lost.
(d) Daily demand is normally distributed, with a mean of 5 units and a standard deviation of 1.5
units. (Round off demands to the closest integer during the simulation and, if a negative value
results, give it a demand of zero.)
(e) Lead time is distributed uniformly between zero and 5 days—integers only.
(f) The simulation will start with 18 units in inventory.
(g) For simplicity, assume that orders are placed at the close of the business day and received
after the lead time has occurred. Thus, if lead time is one day, the order is available for
distribution on the morning of the second day of business following the placement of the order.
(h) Let the simulation run for 2 weeks.
Executing the simulation, it was observed that the average number of lost sales is 2.5 per week.

Lost sales week 1 = 1

Lost sales week 2 = 4
Average number of lost sales = (5)/2 = 2.5 per week

6. A bank has one drive-in teller and room for one additional customer to wait. Customers, arriving
when the queue is full, park and go inside the bank to transact business. The between arrivals and
the service- time distribution follow:

Time Between Service Time

Probability
Arrivals (Minutes)
0 0.09
1 0.17
2 0.27
3 0.20
4 0.15
5 0.12
Probability
(minutes)
1 0.20
2 0.40
3 0.28
4 0.12

Simulate the operation of the drive-in teller for 10 new customers. The first of the 10 new
customers arrives at a time determined at random. Start the simulation with one customer being
served, leaving at time 3, and one in the queue. How many customers went into the bank to
transact business?
The simulation shows that 2 clients entered the bank to carry out commercial transactions. This
indicates that 20% of customers who arrive in the queue, don´t get the drive-in teller service.

C2.1,-, 4,6,7,14