Precast

Konsep Pelaksanaan Bangunan Atas
Gedung Precast
Metode dan Peralatan Konstruksi
Faimun
Fakultas Teknik Sipil, Lingkungan, dan Kebumian

Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya
Semester Ganjil 2018/2019
Faimun (ITS Surabaya) Metode dan Peralatan Konstruksi Semester Ganjil 2018/2019 1 / 37
Precast
Precast
Precast
Precast Concrete Construction
Precast concrete is an alternative to cast-in-situ concrete. While

cast-in-situ concrete is cast in its actual location, precast concrete is cast
at another location, either at the building site or in a factory, and is
then lifted to its final resting place and fixed securely. This means that
unlike cast-in-situ construction, which is monolithic or continuous,
precast concrete buildings are made of separate pieces that are bolted
or connected together.
Advantages:
The construction is done on the ground rather than at a height

It can be done inside a climate-controlled structure, eliminating
problems of rain, dust, cold, or heat
Specialised formwork (moulds) can be built for doing many
repetitions of the same component
Specialised equipment can be used to make, move, and pour the
liquid concrete
Curing of the concrete can be done in a controlled environment
Quality of precast components can be very high
Construction can be very quick
Disadvantages:
Since each piece is made separately, the structural frame or system

is not monolithic or continuous like regular concrete construction.
The joints between pieces create structural discontinuity. The
forces of the building will pass through these joints, so they have
to be designed to transfer these forces safely and properly. Note
that precast concrete can be used for non-structural members too.
Again, as the building is made of discrete components, the joints
between adjacent members have to be sealed with special sealants
to make them waterproof
Each precast component is usually large and heavy. This means
that cranes are required to lift them in position; these cranes are
required to operate over the entire building volume. Since there
will only be a few cranes at site, the time taken by the cranes to
pick up a piece and shift it to its final position becomes critical in
determining the building schedule.
How and where precasting is used
to make beams, columns, floor slabs, foundations, and other

structural members for buildings
to make wall or cladding panels for buildings
to make precast pre-stressed elements for buildings
to make components for infrastructure projects: elements such as
bridge spans, or metro line viaducts are often precast in a casting
yard
to make products for sale: precast water tanks, septic tanks,
drainage chambers, railway sleepers, floor beams, boundary
walls, water pipes are all available
Since it can be moulded into any shape, it can also be used to
create one-off unusual forms such as boats, sculptures and
suchlike.
Connections
Precast concrete components can be connected in a number of ways:

1 They can be bolted together. In order to do this, steel connectors
are embedded in the concrete at the time of casting. This must be
done with great precision (dry connection).
2 They can be grouted or concreted together. In this method, loops
of steel reinforcement are left protruding out of the precast
concrete members. Two members are placed in position, and
reinforcement is threaded between the loops. Fresh concrete is
then poured around this reinforcement, in a space left for this
purpose (wet connection).
Building precast elements : Hollow Core Slab
Building precast elements : Double T beam - slab
Building precast elements : Beams
Building precast elements : Columns
Building precast elements : Walls
Precast Building System : TiltUp
Precast Connections
Precast is a modular building system based on components and

connections. Some type of a precast connection is needed between
each produced precast unit. Demands for precast connection types
vary among different precast products, local building conditions and
restrictions, and loads on the structure. Generally every country has its
own system for precast connections. There are several pre-tested
connection types for precast floor products, and seismic and support
connections.
Precast connection design
Typically precast connections can be done with an industrially

produced connection part, wet connection, bolt, or weld connection. In
precast connection design the key variables are strength, volume
changes, ductility, durability including fire and corrosion, simplicity in
production, installation and maintenance, temporary loading
conditions, economy and appearance.
Precast buildings suit well for hot, cold and also seismic areas, when
the specific local requirements are taken into account in connection
design. If planning a building for a seismic area, it is recommended to
involve seismic connection design experts into the process.
Force Path
Force path shows the need for connections and it’s types between
precast components.
Slab Connection
Continuity connection for slab
Slab - Wall Connection
Slab-Wall connection for horizontal force (load path).
Connection Design aspects
1 Standardisation
2 Simplicity
3 Tensile capacity
4 Ductility
5 Movements (donot hamper structural movement)
6 Fire resistance
7 Durability
8 Aesthetics
Aspects on connection methods
There are several ways to obtain tensile capacity in connections.

Considering the safety aspect only, the order of preference is as
follows:
1 Bolting
2 Grouting reinforcing bars at the site
3 Embedding reinforcing bars in epoxy or polyester at the site
4 Welding
Force transfer types
The connection characteristics can be categorised by the type of action

it is designed to resist:
shear
tension
compression
flexure
torsion
Connection Mechanism
Connection, compression type
Connection, combined type
Connection, combined type
Beam Column connection
Beam Column connection
Proprietary Connection
Other Connections
Rebar Connector
Cladding Connection
Thank you for the attention

Precast

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Konsep Pelaksanaan Bangunan Atas

Fakultas Teknik Sipil, Lingkungan, dan Kebumian

Semester Ganjil 2018/2019

Precast concrete is an alternative to cast-in-situ concrete. While

The construction is done on the ground rather than at a height

Since each piece is made separately, the structural frame or system

to make beams, columns, floor slabs, foundations, and other

Precast concrete components can be connected in a number of ways:

Precast is a modular building system based on components and

Typically precast connections can be done with an industrially

Continuity connection for slab

Slab-Wall connection for horizontal force (load path).

There are several ways to obtain tensile capacity in connections.

The connection characteristics can be categorised by the type of action

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