A

Seminar Report
On
Instant Concrete Road Repair Solution
Submitted
In partial fulfillment for the Degree of
Bachelor of Technology
in
Civil Engineering

by

Chirag Parashar

(19EJCCE027)

Submitted To:
Dr. Krishan Kumar Saini
Head of Department
Civil Department
JAIPUR ENGINEERING COLLEGE AND RESEARCH CENTRE
RAJASTHAN TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY

DECEMEMBER 2022
 CANDIDATE’S DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the work, which is being presented in the

Seminar, entitled “Construction Of Rigid Pavement” in partial
fulfillment for the award of Degree of “Bachelor of Technology”, and
submitted the Department of Civil Engineering, Jaipur Engineering
College and Research Centre, Jaipur, Rajasthan Technical University is
a record of my own preparations carried under the Guidance of Dr.
Krishan kumar saini (H.O.D.) Department of Civil Engineering, Jaipur
Engineering College and Research Centre.

I have not submitted the matter presented in this report anywhere for
the award of any degree.

Chirag parashar
(19EJCCE027)
Jaipur Engineering College & Research Centre Department of Civil Engineering
Session-2022-23

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Chirag Parashar of VII Semester , B. Tech. (Civil

Engineering) 2021-22, has presented a seminar report titled
“Construction Of Rigid Pavement” in partial fulfillment for the award
of degree of Bachelor of Technology under Rajasthan Technical
University, Kota.

Dated:

Mr. Teekam Singh Dr. Krishan Kumar Saini

Mentor and Asst. Prof. Head
Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Engineering not only means the degree but it also means using the
knowledge for the betterment of the society and the nation. The
seminar topic is to bring light on the issue related to road accidents
and achieve sustainable development goals goal numner 11
andgoal number 17.

In the beginning of the report I want to give a thankful gratitude to

Dr. VK Chandna (Principal JECRC) for his support to this report.

Motivation is required for every task and we thank Dr. Krishan

kumar saini (Head of Department of Civil Engineering) for all the
encouragement and appreciations that we have received from
them.

I would like to express my gratitude towards my esteemed faculty

Mr. Teekam Singh, Assistant Professor, Department of Civil
Engineering, JECRC for being more than willing to share their
treasure of knowledge with me.

I would like to express my gratitude toward my all esteemed

Faculties and Staff Members of Department of Civil Engineering,
JECRC for being more than willing toimpound their treasure of
knowledge with me.

Chirag parashar
19EJCCE027
 ABSTRACT:

U-boot beton is a formwork made of recycled polypropylene, designed to

create lightened intermediate slabs and raft foundations in reinforced concrete.
The use of U-boot formworks permits to build specific mushroom slabs: the
mushroom is part of the slab thickness. U-boot remains dip into the concrete
casting. Thus, a grid of orthogonal beams, superiorly and inferiorly closed by
plane slabs of different heights, is obtained without executing two distinct
concrete castings, all that implies a remarkable saving of concrete and
reinforcement.
1. INTRODUCTION

U-boot is used for structural elements of different types such as slabs or

foundation grants solution preformation considerable designing technical and
economic. Disposable formwork for two-way voided slabs in reinforced
concrete cast on site. U-Boot Beton is a recycled polypropylene formwork that
was designed to create two-way voided slabs and rafts. U-Boot Beton is used to
create slabs with large span or that are able to support large loads without beams
A lightweight, cellular concrete made by infusing an unhardened concrete
mixture with prepared foam or by generating gases within the mixture.

U-BOOT BETON

2. MUSHROOM SLAB
Advantages compared with tradition play on cement systems those and
light weight training or fully faceted to win slabs the traditional clay cement or
polystyrene floor slabs. The traditional clay cement or polystyrene floor slabs
normally consists of mono directional beings that discharge stresses on to the
main beings from these two pillars and finally the foundations the full plate
floor slabs instead are made from monolithic reinforced concrete casts in which
the structure is able to bi directionally transmit loads directly to the by using U-
boot and lighter slab structure is obtained capable of splitting the stresses in any
direction transferring them directly to the penance to simplify the concept we
could imagine a series of double teams of alongside the other and arranged as a
premise all stresses will be concentrated close to pillars where the suitable full
section gets left in this way floor slabs with mushroom like files for the repose
in modern people specificity being that the mushroom is embedded in the floor.

MUSHROOM SLAB

so ,cutting or encumbering capitals and economic boxster’s and avoided thanks

to the lightness of the structure doing away lightness of the work the passage of
utilities and the layout of internal wards U-boot will make it possible to
optimise the plan layout of pillars without having to keep the specific
distributed limitations as well as reducing their number benefiting for more
extension spans and without encumbrances the overall thickness of the floor
slabs will also be considerably reduced and as a result they use full saving in
height will be obtained for each individual forum is the possibility for tower
buildings of gaining an extra floor with the same that involved compared floor
with a full slab the wind saving will favourably influence the dimensioning of
pillars and foundations and the thickness to be reduced in vocations the
foundations will be less important and less stressed also behaviour under in case
of fire the building greater lightness high inertia and reduced surface area
reduced surface area exposed to the effects of heat confer autumn resistances to
find from acoustic specific tests guarantee that a floor slab use U-boot
technology provides insulation performances that are superior compared with
traditional clay or cement systems lightweight polystyrene zing’s a benefit of no
mass importance is the better quality of the concrete surface finish to be left
visible or ready for the skimming without further processing to the numerous
advantages link to the work itself economic logistic and building site
advantages are added for construction firms is processing less consumption of
concrete and steel less handling n ground and overground this encumbrance
with in the parameters of the site there’s transport and storage changes all things
to a material is stackable tough and able to withstand all weather conditions first
an hour will be handling a product that is safe from the light nonssoiling and
easy to use u-boot is the ideal solution for all buildings in which judging beams
structures would need to be avoided typically slab solution is sort together with
savings in those concrete and weak the U-boot beton building system is
particularly suitable for the construction of high-rise village hospitals
commercial centres school buildings parking management residential and
industrial buildings.
In case of raft foundations having a greater inertia U-boot makes it possible to
implement sweaters with a better performance given the same concrete used the
grounds are found to have a low carrying capacity furthermore be possible to
eliminate or reduce complex andcostly foundation pockets.
Laying of avoided two-way elements is swift and simple the reinforcement and
U-boot elements are laid out on top of the decade according to design
specifications ready to receive the concrete casting the layout does not require
specialised personal the correct distance between the elements is assured by
aspacer jumped equipped with a graduated scale by means of which the widths
the o beams being formed with the casting can be rapidly determined at the top
this joint gets inserted in specific looking for difference provided on the upper
surface of the U-boot the entire operation is precise handy and rapid once the
concrete is poured avoided structure is permanently embedded providing the
structure with the desired shape on the technical timing for the setting having
last the backing will be dismantled the intros service will prove to be
completely smooth formwork can also be used in combination with predominate
facing the voided load directly on te plains and completing the finishing casting.

3. BETON NORMAL CENTIMETERS

U-boot beton formwork is shaped like a pyramid drunk and normally measures
52*52 centimetres and manual 10,13,16,20,24,28 centimetres in height,

4. U-BOOT BETON SANDWICH

the sandwich type superimposing two or more base elements allows the
implementation of load releasing elements of various heights according to the
plan things out the floor slack also the chronicle elevator feet placed at the four
corners can be of different heights determining a different distance from the
casting deck plate and as a result the different thickness of the internals
slapping the remarkable versatility and flexibility of the U-boot beton
construction system can satisfy any design the map since 2001 millions of U-
boot have been deployed in the implementation of worksin various countries
throughout the world works f various dimensions types and complexity often
born of the pencil stroke and genius of famous designers.

U-boot permits to build big spans slabs or slabs supporting high loads without
beams. Light and easy to pose, the draftsman can change the geometrical
parameters of the slab, in order to suit any kind of situation .U-boot is used in
all applications that require a plate structural solution ,along with concrete-
savings and therefore weight-savings.

U-boot is used in all applications that require a plate structural solution,

along with concrete-savings and therefore weight-savings. In tower buildings,
weight-saving at every floor reduces load on foundations. The fact of avoiding
beams being out of the slab thickness, enables the reduction of height for each
floor.

Therefore, a higher number of floors can be built. By using U-boot beton,

it is possible to build thick raft foundations with a reduced quantity of concrete
(and weight). U-boot is the ideal solution to create slabs of big spans and/or
with a high bearing capacity. In case of difficult access to the building site or
restructuring,

U-boot beton permits to build up the horizontal structures without using

lifting and movement devices, because of its stackability, modularity, lightness
and manageability.
 The study includes the results of an extensive experimental program
conducted at the Polytechnic of Milan, which highlight the excellent
bidirectional response of voided slabs and the efficient performance in the
presence of seismic actions. The experimental results here presented are
supported by advanced numerical models.

5. POSING:
The U-boot system particularly fits structures that need significant open
spaces, like bureaus,industrial and commercial buildings, and civil constructions
as well. The system also allows a more irregular distribution of pillars, since
beams are not necessary

U-boot beton formwork is an easy to use product. First, a flat and

complete surface has to be prepared with a wooden deck or any other similar
system.
 Then, the inferior steel reinforcement hasto be posed in the two
orthogonal directions, as designed in the executive project; the lattices are
finally posed in order to space out upper reinforcements.

6. SPAN DISTANCES BETWEEN U-BOOT BETONS

Afterwards, U-boots are laid down and connected by lateral flaps,
respecting the required span between the lightening space. Thanks to the cone
shaped feet, U-boots are raised above the slab intrados, and the concrete can
thus be cast, filling the whole surface below the elements. If double elements
are to be used (H32, H36, H40, H44, H48), it will be necessary to pre-emptively
assemble the two parts, that will be delivered in different pallets at the building
site.

CONNECTION BRIDGE:
 SPACER JOINT
7. CLOSING PLATE:
The reinforcement pose is to be completed by disposing the upper bending steel
bars in two directions, the shear and punching reinforcement, where necessary.
Due to the floating pressure exerted on U-boots, the concrete should be cast in
two different phases: the first casting has to fill a thickness equal to the feet
height
.

The final phase has to be done when the first concrete layer starts to set and
becomes semi-solid. Casting proceeds each time from the previous starting
point. While the casting proceeds, the concrete sets. Finally the casting has to be
levelled up in a traditional way (picture 6). The U-boot system execution time
will be accelerated by using new deck technologies which permit to disassemble
within 2-4 days, or using the carpet reinforcement system, in order to reduce the
steel bars posing time up to 4-6 times.

U-boot slabs do not need beams between pillars, a perimeter edge beam is
enough. The orthogonal grid of beams transfers all stresses directly on pillars;
around which it is enough to leave a massive area, called mushroom pillar,
which is thick as the slab and variable in function of shear stresses.
U-boot lightened slab scheme: the lack of connection beams between pillars
Among foundation different typologies, raft foundation is surely one of the most
known and used, considering its evident technical advantages: high stiffness due
to its static bidirectional behaviour, and thus load partition capacity on the
ground; it also permits to absorb stresses coming from the building, with
differential subsidences close to zero; easy and quick to carry out. If stresses
increase or the ground bearing capacity decreases, the structure may require a
thick raft foundation.

This means having more concrete and more pressure on the ground; and
therefore higher building costs. U-boot beton is a formwork made of recycled
polypropylene, purposely designed to build lightened plate slabs and raft
foundations. Once drowned into concrete, it creates an alveolar structure with
two slabs of different thickness, joined by an orthogonal grid of beams of
variable width, therefore building an ideal light structure for raft foundations.
Statically, it can be seen as a grid of I beams which means having a rationalized
masses distribution for the purpose of inertia, in order to get high stiffness with
a minimum quantity of concrete. This perfect combination of lightness and
stiffness permits, in particular cases, to avoid using foundation piles.

Polystyrene is a widely used material in the world of building, especially if

associated to prefabricated slabs, because it is cheap and malleable. However, in
the last few years, the technicalscientific community has been focusing on its
numerous disadvantages. First of all, the fact that polystyrene releases toxic
styrene monomers, at room temperature.
Moreover, some studies carried out by the Polytechnic University of Milan
highlight the fact that a slab lightened by means of polystyrene explodes after
only 20 minutes, if exposed to fire load. This is partially due to the presence of
warm air into the cavities which increases pressure, and partially due to styrene
sublimation. That is the second problem. In order to avoid slabs explosions,
prefabricated slabs producers recently planned some vents into the slab to
maintain external pressure into cavities. But in this case, the styrene flows out
from the cavity, and it is toxic. On the contrary, U-boot is made of
polypropylene which is not toxic even if it burns. Moreover, the CSI
laboratories carried out a fire test on a slab lightened by means of U-boot and
with a 3 cm concrete cover, and the structure was certified REI 180 minutes.
The certification is available on request. Finally, polystyrene is a material which
needs huge volumes for transportation and stock on site; U-boot beton is
designed to be stackable.

Correct positioning of the U-Boot Beton is guaranteed by an effective rigid

spacer joint with graduated scale with which the desired width of the beams is
quickly determined. The joint fits into the top of the formwork inside notches
housing.
The rigid interconnection ensures perfect geometric compliance with the design
as well as with the bearing capacity of the formworks when casting under the
pressure of the concrete, the weight of the operators and equipment.
8. APPLICATIONS
U-boot beton is a recycled polypropylene formwork that was designed to
create two-way voided slabs and rafts. The use of U-boot beton formwork
makes it possible to create mushroom pillars, with the possibility.
Thanks to the conic elevator foot, immerging the U-boot beton formworks in
the concrete casting will create a grid work of mutually perpendicular beams
closed from the bottom and the top by a flat plate that is created with a single
casting; this results in considerable reduction in the use of concrete and steel.

U-Boot Betonis used to create slabs with large span or that are able to
support large loads without beams. Light and quick and easy to position, thanks
to their modularity the designer can vary the geometric parameters as needed to
adapt to all situations with great architectural freedom.
9. INSTALLATION

1. The entire surface of the slab to be cast on site is shuttered with wood
deckings (or similar systems), then the lower reinforcement concrete bars are
positioned in two mutually perpendicular directions according to the design and
the lattice for the upper reinforcement concrete is arranged.

2. The U-Boot Beton® formworks are positioned using the lateral spacers joints
to place them at the desired centre distance that will determine the beam width.
Thanks to the conic elevator foot, theU-Boot Beton® formworks will be lifted
from the surface, making it possible for the lower slab to be formed. If double
or triple elements are used, these elements must first be assembled, which will
be supplied on distinct pallets in the yard.

3. The positioning of the reinforconcretes is completed by placing above the U-

Boot Beton® formwork the upper bars in the two directions as well as the
reinforcement for shear and punching where necessary, according to the design.

4. The concrete casting must be performed in two phases to prevent the

floatation of the formworks: an initial layer will be cast to fill a thickness equal
to the height of the elevator foot. Casting will continue for this first portion of
the slab until the concrete starts to set and become semi fluid.

5. Once suitably set, the casting can be restarted from the starting point,

completely burying the U-Boot Beton. The casting is then levelled and
smoothed in a traditional manner.
 AFTER COMPLETION

6. Once the structure has hardened, the formwork can be removed. The surface
is smooth in correspondence of the soffit
10. ADVANTAGES

LIGHT-THIN–BIDIRECTIONAL: Designedf or bidirectional slabs , Decrease

of concrete and weight up to 40% ,Reduced deformation (maximum stiffness
loss 15%) , Reduction of load on foundations , Reduction of pillar section

FLEXIBLE:
Spans up to 20 m, Absence of beams between pillars, Reduction of pillars
number, Possible use with prefabricated slabs, No lifting and movement devices
required, ideal for restructuring, Possible creation of monodirectional slabs
thanks to the “bridge” accessory

ANTISEISMIC :
Reduced seismic mass, Less dimensional limitations of elements , Double
inferior and superior slab

OPEN SPACES :
More spacious rooms , Bigger architectural freedom , Easier change of use

ECONOMIC:
Less concrete incidence, thickness being equal , Less steel incidence , Usable
height saving on each floor, since avoiding beams being out of the slab
thickness enables a higher number of floors, height being equal (tower
buildings) , Rapidity and easiness of pose (unique twophased casting) ,
Possibility of big spans, load being equal , Possibility of high bearing capacity,
spans being equal , Economical transport and easy stocking, since it is
stackable, Ready to smooth once the deck is taken off, the intrados is a plane
surface which do not require false ceilings at an aesthetical level , If a false
ceiling is necessary, pose is made more rapidly
SAFE:
Significant fire resistance (certification REI 180; concrete cover 3cm) ,

Safety on building site (complete flat deck avoids plunking down)

Sound insulation
CONCLUSION:

This is most ecofriendly and advanced technology.