Revised GCSE CHEM REVISED Specimen Assessment Materials 21090 PDF

GCSE
CCEA GCSE Specimen

Assessment Materials for
Chemistry
For first teaching from September 2017

For first assessment in Summer 2018
For first award in Summer 2019
Subject Code: 1110
Foreword
CCEA has developed new specifications which comply with criteria for GCSE qualifications.
The specimen assessment materials accompanying new specifications are provided to give
centres guidance on the structure and character of the planned assessments in advance of
the first assessment. It is intended that the specimen assessment materials contained in
this booklet will help teachers and students to understand, as fully as possible, the markers’
expectations of candidates’ responses to the types of tasks and questions set at GCSE level.
These specimen assessment materials should be used in conjunction with CCEA’s GCSE
Chemistry specification.
BLANK PAGE
GCSE Chemistry
Specimen Assessment Materials
Contents
Unit 1: Structures, Trends, Chemical Reactions, Quantitative Chemistry and
Analysis
Unit 2: Further Chemical Reactions, Rates and Equilibrium, Calculations and
Organic Chemistry
Unit 3: Practical Skills
Specimen Papers 3
Unit 1: Foundation Tier 3

Unit 1: Higher Tier 19
Unit 3A: Foundation Tier 71
Unit 3A: Higher Tier 79
Unit 3B: Foundation Tier 87
Unit 3B: Higher Tier 101
Unit 3A: Foundation Tier Apparatus and Material List 117
Unit 3A: Higher Tier Apparatus and Material List 121
Mark Schemes 125
General Marking Instructions 127

Unit 3A: Foundation Tier 155
Unit 3A: Higher Tier 157
Unit 3B Foundation Tier 159
Unit 3B Higher Tier 163
Subject Code 1110
QAN 603/1146/0
A CCEA Publication © 2017
You may download further copies of this publication from www.ccea.org.uk

SPECIMEN PAPERS
Centre Number
Candidate Number
General Certificate of Secondary Education

2018
Chemistry
Unit 1
Foundation Tier
[CODE]
SPECIMEN PAPER
TIME
1 hour.
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
Write your Centre Number and Candidate Number in the spaces
provided at the top of this page.
Write your answers in the spaces provided in this question paper.
Answer all questions.
For Examiner’s
INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES use only
The total mark for this paper is 60. Question Marks

Number
Figures in brackets printed down the right-hand side of pages indicate
the marks awarded to each question or part question. 1
A Data Leaflet including a Periodic Table of the elements is provided. 2
Quality of written communication will be assessed in Question 6(c).
3
4
5
6
7
Total
Marks
3
1 Choose the correct flame test colour from the box below for each of the Examiner Only
metal ions given. Marks Re-mark
blue-green green lilac yellow
copper(II) ion
potassium ion
sodium ion [3]
4
2 The Periodic Table below shows some elements. Examiner Only
Marks Re-mark
H He
Li N O Ne
Na Al P S Ar
K Fe Cu Br
Rb I
Use only the elements shown above to answer the following

questions.
(a) Name one non-metal which is a solid at room temperature and

pressure.
[1]
(b) Name two diatomic elements.
1.
2. [2]
(c) Name one element which is a colourless gas at room temperature and
pressure.
[1]
(d) Name two transition metals.
1.
2. [2]
(e) Name the most reactive element in Group 1.
[1]
(f) Name the element which has atoms with an electronic configuration of
2,8,8.
[1]
5
3 Gold (Au) is the most malleable and ductile of all the elements. Examiner Only
Marks Re-mark
(a) What is meant by the word malleable?
[1]
(b) State the name and number present of each subatomic particle in the
nucleus of a gold atom.
[2]
(c) State the approximate radius of the nucleus of a gold atom. Give your
answer in standard form. State the units.
[1]
6
4 The compound calcium carbonate (CaCO3) makes up about 7% of the Examiner Only
Earth’s crust. It occurs in a variety of mineral forms, including limestone. Marks Re-mark
(a) What is meant by the term compound?
[1]
(b) When calcium carbonate is heated, it thermally decomposes as shown

in the equation below:
CaCO3 → CaO + CO2
(i) Calculate the relative formula masses of calcium carbonate and

calcium oxide.
CaCO3 [1]
CaO [1]
(ii) Calculate the number of moles present in 250 g of calcium

carbonate.
Moles of calcium carbonate = [1]
(iii) Heating 250 g of calcium carbonate should produce a theoretical

yield of 140 g. Calculate the percentage yield, if the actual yield
was 70 g of calcium oxide.
Percentage yield = % [1]
7
(c) Calcium carbonate can be reacted to form calcium sulfate (CaSO4). Examiner Only
Marks Re-mark
Calculate the percentage of calcium in calcium sulfate.
% calcium = [1]
8
5 Fish are sensitive to pH and different types of fish survive in solutions of Examiner Only
different pH ranges, as shown in the table below. Marks Re-mark
(a) Complete the table by deciding if the pH range suitable for each fish is
acid or alkali and also if it is strong or weak.
Type of fish pH range Acid/alkali Strong/weak
Brown trout 3.5 – 4.5
Orange sea perch 8.1 – 9.4
Tiger barb 6.0 – 6.5

[3]
(b) Fish produce ammonia in their waste products. A build-up of ammonia

in a fish pond can harm fish. The graph below shows the percentage
of ammonia present in pond water, against pH at different water
temperatures.
100
Water Temperature
30 ºC
25 ºC
20 ºC
80
15 ºC
10 ºC
60
Ammonia
present in
pond
water %
40
20
0
7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.5 10.0
pH © CCEA
(i) Use the graph to determine the relationship between the pH of the
pond water and the percentage of ammonia present.

[1]
9
(ii) Use the graph to determine the relationship between the water Examiner Only
temperature and the percentage of ammonia present. Marks Re-mark
[1]
(iii) From the graph, find the percentage of ammonia at 30 ºC for
water with a pH of 9.0.
[1]
(c) Aquarium salt is often added to fish tanks to reduce the number of
disease carrying organisms. Its main ingredient is sodium chloride.
Sodium chloride is prepared in the laboratory by the neutralisation
reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide solution.
(i) What is the general name given to a soluble base such as sodium
hydroxide?
[1]
(ii) Write the balanced symbol equation for the reaction between
sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid.
[2]
(iii) The table below gives details of tests carried out on a sample of
aquarium salt. Complete the observations in the table.
Test Observations
1. Dissolve a spatula measure Colourless solution formed.

of aquarium salt in 10cm3 of
deionised water.
2. Add 5 drops of silver nitrate

solution to the solution made
in test 1.

[2]
10
6 The names of some alkali metals and some halogens are shown in the Examiner Only
table below. Marks Re-mark
alkali metal halogen
lithium fluorine
sodium chlorine
potassium bromine
(a) Describe the test for chlorine gas.

[3]
(b) All halogens react with alkali metals to produce a salt.
(i) Explain, in terms of electronic structure, why the halogens

undergo similar reactions.
[1]
11
(ii) Lithium reacts with fluorine to form lithium fluoride. The diagrams Examiner Only
show the electronic configuration of lithium and fluorine atoms. Marks Re-mark
lithium atom fluorine atom
Explain why atoms, such as those shown above are electrically

neutral.
[2]
(iii) Draw dot and cross diagrams to show the electronic configuration
of the lithium and fluoride ions. Include the charge of each ion.
[4]
12
(iv) From the list below select two substances in which the bonding is Examiner Only
ionic. Marks Re-mark
magnesium oxide sulfur dioxide calcium chloride
carbon dioxide methane sodium iodide
1.
2. [2]
13
(c) Compare the chemical and physical properties of the alkali metals with Examiner Only
the transition metals. In your answer you must compare: Marks Re-mark
• physical properties including melting point and density
• chemical properties including relative reactivity with water and the

charges on the ions formed

In this question you will be assessed on your written
communication skills including the use of specialist scientific
terms.
[6]
14
7 Carbon is an element with atoms which have different mass numbers. Examiner Only
Marks Re-mark
(a) (i) What is the name for atoms of the same element with different
mass numbers?

[1]
(ii) Use the information in the table to calculate the relative atomic
mass of carbon to one decimal place.
Mass number 12 13
Abundance 99 1
Relative atomic mass = [2]
(b) Carbon burns in air to produce carbon dioxide.
Complete the table below.
Dot and cross diagram showing Number of lone pairs

outer electrons only in the molecule
Carbon
dioxide O C O

[1]
(c) Graphene is an allotrope of carbon.
(i) Name two other allotropes of carbon.
1.
2. [2]
15
(ii) Complete the table to give information about graphene. Examiner Only
Marks Re-mark
Type of Type of Does it conduct

bonding structure electricity?
Graphene

[3]
(iii) State one use for graphene.
[1]
16
THIS IS THE END OF THE QUESTION PAPER
17
BLANK PAGE
18
Centre Number
Candidate Number

2018
Chemistry
Unit 1
Higher Tier
[CODE]
SPECIMEN PAPER
TIME
1 hour 15 minutes.
INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES

The total mark for this paper is 80.
Figures in brackets printed down the right-hand side of pages indicate For Examiner’s
use only
the marks awarded to each question or part question.
Question Marks
A Data Leaflet including a Periodic Table of the elements is provided. Number
Quality of written communication will be assessed in Question 4(d).
1
2
3
4
5
Total
Marks
19
1 Gold (Au) is the most malleable and ductile of all the elements. Examiner Only
Marks Re-mark
(a) (i) What is meant by the word malleable?
[1]
(ii) State the name and number present of each particle in the
nucleus of a gold atom.

[2]
(iii) State the approximate radius of the nucleus of a gold atom.

Give your answer in standard form. State the units.
[1]
(b) Pure gold is very soft and it is often alloyed with other metals, such as
copper or silver, for use in jewellery.
(i) Explain in terms of structure why an alloy is harder than a pure

metal.
[2]
(ii) White gold is a 21 carat alloy of gold used in jewellery.
Calculate the percentage of gold in this alloy.
% [2]
20
(iii) Explain why white gold is a formulation. Examiner Only
Marks Re-mark

[2]
(c) Gold is a very unreactive metal, however it will react slowly with
chlorine gas at room temperature to form gold(III) chloride.
Write a balanced symbol equation for this reaction.
[3]
21
2 The compound calcium carbonate (CaCO3) makes up about 7% of the Examiner Only
Earth’s crust. It occurs in a variety of mineral forms, including limestone. Marks Re-mark
(a) What is meant by the term compound?
[1]
(b) When calcium carbonate is heated, it thermally decomposes as shown

in the equation below:
CaCO3 → CaO + CO2
(i) Describe a chemical test to prove that carbon dioxide gas is

produced in this reaction.
[3]
(ii) Calculate the mass of calcium oxide, in grams, which is produced

when 15 kg of calcium carbonate is thermally decomposed.
Moles of calcium oxide = g [4]
22
(c) Calcium carbonate is also found in the mineral dolomite. Dolomite Examiner Only
contains 21.74 % calcium, 13.04 % magnesium, 13.04 % carbon and Marks Re-mark
52.18 % oxygen.
Calculate the empirical formula of dolomite.
Empirical formula [5]
(d) In an experiment to find the percentage of calcium carbonate in a

sample of egg shell, 1.25 g of egg shell were added to an excess of
hydrochloric acid and 0.0075 moles of gas were produced.

CaCO3 + 2HCl → CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
(i) Calculate the mass of calcium carbonate, in grams, present in the

egg shell sample.
Mass of calcium carbonate = g [2]
(ii) Calculate the percentage by mass of calcium carbonate present in

the egg shell sample.
Use the equation:

mass of calcium carbonate
% of calcium carbonate = mass of egg shell x 100
% [1]
23
3 Fish are sensitive to pH and different types of fish survive in solutions of Examiner Only
different pH ranges, as shown in the table below. Marks Re-mark
(a) (i) Complete the table by deciding if the pH range suitable for each
fish is acid or alkali and also if it is strong or weak.
Type of fish pH range Acid/alkali Strong/weak
Brown trout 3.5 – 4.5
Orange sea perch 8.1 – 9.4
Tiger barb 6.0 – 6.5 [3]
(ii) Salmon survive in water which has pH 4.9 – 5.5.
State and explain if this water has a higher or lower concentration

of hydrogen ions than the water in which brown trout survive.
[2]
24
(b) Fish produce ammonia in their waste products. A build-up of ammonia Examiner Only
in a fish pond can harm fish. The graph below shows the percentage Marks Re-mark
of ammonia present in pond water against pH at different water
temperatures.
100
Water Temperature
30 ºC
25 ºC
20 ºC
80
15 ºC
10 ºC
60
Ammonia
present in
pond
water %
40
20
0
7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.5 10.0
pH © CCEA
(i) Use the graph to determine the relationship between the pH of the
pond water and the percentage of ammonia present.
[1]
(ii) Use the graph to determine the relationship between the water
temperature and the percentage of ammonia present.
[1]
25
(iii) Small amounts of sulfuric acid can be added to remove ammonia Examiner Only
from pond water. Marks Re-mark
Write a balanced symbol equation for the reaction between

ammonia and sulfuric acid to produce ammonium sulfate.
[3]
(c) Aquarium salt is often added to fish tanks to reduce the number of
disease-carrying organisms. Its main ingredient is sodium chloride.
Sodium chloride is prepared in the laboratory by the neutralisation
reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide solution.
(i) What is the general name given to a soluble base such as sodium
hydroxide?
[1]
(ii) Write an ionic equation for neutralisation. Include state symbols

in your answer.
[3]
(iii) Describe how you would experimentally prove that aquarium salt
contains sodium chloride.
[4]
26
(d) The presence of aluminium ions in water can harm fish. It collects on Examiner Only
the gills reducing blood oxygenation. Marks Re-mark
(i) Name a solution which can be added, in excess, to water to

remove the aluminium ions by precipitation.
[1]
(ii) Write an ionic equation for the precipitation reaction.
[3]
27
4 The names of some alkali metals and some halogens are shown in the Examiner Only
table below. Marks Re-mark
alkali metal halogen
lithium fluorine
sodium chlorine
potassium bromine
(a) All halogens react with alkali metals to produce a salt.
(i) Explain, in terms of electronic structure, why the halogens

undergo similar reactions.

[1]
(ii) Using dot and cross diagrams, explain how lithium fluoride is
formed from atoms of lithium and fluorine. Include the charge on
each ion formed.
[4]
(iii) Write the formula of the product formed in the reaction between
the most reactive alkali metal and the most reactive halogen from
the table above.
[1]
28
(b) Explain why chlorine is a gas at room temperature, but lithium fluoride Examiner Only
is a solid at room temperature. Marks Re-mark
[4]
(c) Describe and explain the trend in reactivity of the alkali metals down
the group.
[3]
29
(d) Compare the chemical and physical properties of the alkali metals with Examiner Only
the transition metals. In your answer you must compare: Marks Re-mark
• physical properties including melting point and density
• chemical properties including relative reactivity with water and the

charges on the ions formed

terms.
[6]
30
5 Carbon is an element with atoms which have different mass numbers. Examiner Only
Marks Re-mark
(a) (i) What is the name for atoms of the same element with different
mass numbers?

[1]
(ii) Use the information in the table to calculate the relative atomic
mass of carbon to one decimal place.
Mass number 12 13
Abundance 99 1
Relative atomic mass = [2]
(b) Carbon burns in air to produce carbon dioxide.
Complete the table below to give information about the bonding in

carbon dioxide.
Number of lone
Dot and cross diagram showing
pairs in the
outer electrons only
molecule
Carbon
dioxide

[2]
(c) Graphene is an allotrope of carbon.
(i) Name two other allotropes of carbon.
1.
2. [2]
31
(ii) Complete the table to give information about graphene. Examiner Only
Marks Re-mark

Graphene

[3]
32
33
BLANK PAGE
34
Centre Number
Candidate Number

2019
Chemistry
Unit 2
Foundation Tier
[CODE]
SPECIMEN PAPER
TIME
1 hour 15 minutes.
For Examiner’s

Number
Quality of written communication will be assessed in Question 4(b).
3
4
5
6
7
Total
Marks
35
1 The study of organic compounds is simplified by grouping the compounds Examiner Only
into homologous series. Marks Re-mark
(a) What is meant by the term homologous series?

[3]
(b) The alkanes are a homologous series of hydrocarbons.
(i) Complete the following table for the alkanes.
Molecular Physical state at

Name Structural formula
formula room temperature
H
methane CH4 H—C—H gas
H
ethane C 2H 6 gas
H H H
C3H8 H—C—C—C—H gas
H H H
H H H H
butane H—C—C—C—C—H
H H H H

[4]
(ii) Write a word equation for the incomplete combustion of ethane.
[2]
36
(iii) What is a hydrocarbon? Examiner Only
Marks Re-mark

[1]
(iv) State the main source of hydrocarbons.
[1]
(c) Butanoic acid has the formula C3H7COOH and it behaves as a typical
dilute acid.
(i) Is butanoic acid a strong or a weak acid?
[1]
(ii) Copper(II) carbonate reacts with butanoic acid as follows.

copper(II) + butanoic → copper(II) + water(l) + carbon
carbonate(s) acid(aq) butanoate(aq) dioxide(g)

Describe what you would observe when copper(II) carbonate

reacts with butanoic acid.

[3]
(d) A granule of zinc metal was added to a solution of butanoic acid.
State the name of the gas given off during this reaction and describe a
test which could be carried out to confirm the presence of this gas.
Name of gas
Test of gas
[3]
37
2 The electrolysis of molten lithium chloride may be carried out using the Examiner Only
apparatus shown below. Molten lithium chloride is the electrolyte. Marks Re-mark
© CCEA

(a) What is meant by the term electrolyte?
[3]
(b) Name electrode A and electrode B.
Electrode A
Electrode B [2]
38
(c) Add arrows to the diagram below to show the direction of movement Examiner Only
of the lithium and chloride ions. Marks Re-mark
Li+
Cl–
[2]
(d) What material is used to make the electrodes?
[1]
(e) State two reasons why this material is chosen to make the electrodes.
1.
2.
[2]
(f) At which electrode, A or B, is lithium produced?
[1]
(g) What would you observe at the other electrode? Circle the two
correct options.
Bubbles Red-brown gas Red-brown liquid
Grey solid
Green gas Green liquid
forming

[2]
39
3 Hydrogen gas may be produced in the laboratory by reacting zinc metal Examiner Only
with hydrochloric acid. Marks Re-mark
(a) Draw a labelled diagram of the assembled apparatus used to produce

and collect several gas jars of hydrogen gas, using the reaction of zinc
metal with hydrochloric acid.
[4]
(b) Hydrogen gas may be described as a clean fuel.
Explain what you understand by the term clean fuel.
[1]
40
(c) The equation for the reaction of hydrogen with oxygen is: Examiner Only
Marks Re-mark
2H2 + O2 → 2H2O
Explain in terms of the bonds why this reaction is exothermic.
[3]
41
4 Approximately three-quarters of all elements are metals. Examiner Only
Marks Re-mark
(a) A student decided to determine the order of reactivity of the metals
copper, magnesium, nickel and zinc. Each metal was placed in a
solution of the metal chloride of each of the other metals. The results
are shown in the table below.
Metal
Metal Copper Magnesium Nickel Zinc
chloride
solution
Copper(II)
Reaction Reaction Reaction
chloride
Magnesium No No No
chloride Reaction Reaction Reaction
No
Nickel chloride Reaction Reaction
Reaction
No No
Zinc chloride Reaction
Reaction Reaction

(i) Write down the order of reactivity of the four metals from the most
reactive to the least reactive.
Most reactive:
Least reactive: [1]
(ii) Write a balanced symbol equation for the reaction between

magnesium and zinc chloride.
[2]
42
(b) In industry iron is manufactured in the blast furnace. Examiner Only
Marks Re-mark
Describe in detail the process used to extract iron metal from its ore in
the blast furnace.
Your answer must include the following:
• The names of the raw materials
• At least three balanced symbol equations for stages of the

process including the production of the reducing agent, the
reduction of iron ore and the removal of impurities

terms.
[12]
43
5 The concentration of solutions of acids and bases can be determined by Examiner Only
titration. Some of the apparatus used in a titration is shown below. Marks Re-mark
© CCEA
(a) (i) Complete the diagram by labelling the apparatus shown. [2]
(ii) Name one other piece of apparatus commonly used in titrations.
[1]
(b) Titrations can be carried out using an indicator.
Complete the table below showing the colours of each indicator in acid
and alkali.
Indicator Colour in acid Colour in alkali
methyl orange
phenolphthalein

[4]
44
(c) The table below shows titration values for an acid base titration. Examiner Only
Marks Re-mark
Initial reading Final reading Titre
(cm3) (cm3) (cm3)
Titration 1 (rough) 0.0 20.0 20.0
Titration 2 0.0 18.9 18.9
Titration 3 0.0 19.1 19.1

Calculate the average titre.
Average titre = cm3 [2]
45
6 In a laboratory experiment, 0.5 g of magnesium ribbon were reacted with Examiner Only
excess dilute hydrochloric acid at room temperature. The volume of gas Marks Re-mark
produced was recorded every 20 seconds.
The results obtained in the experiment using 0.5 g of magnesium ribbon

and excess dilute hydrochloric acid are shown as line C in the graph
below.
45
40
35
30
C
gas volume /cm3
25
20
15
10
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120
time/s
46
(a) Use the graph to determine the time taken for the reaction to finish. Examiner Only
Marks Re-mark
[1]
(b) Calculate the rate of this reaction.
Rate = s–1 [2]
7 (a) The earth's atmosphere is a mixture of gases.

(i) Draw a line from each gas to its percentage composition in the
Earth’s atmosphere.
nitrogen 21%
oxygen 78%
carbon dioxide 0.04%

[2]
(ii) Calculate the total percentage of the gases shown in the boxes
above.
[1]
(iii) Calculate the total percentage of other gases present in the

atmosphere.
[1]
(iv) Name two other gases present in the Earth’s atmosphere.
1.
2. [2]

47
(b) Nitrogen is used in the production of ammonia in industry. The Examiner Only
equation for the production of ammonia is: Marks Re-mark
N2 + 3H2 2NH3
(i) What is the meaning of in the equation?
[1]
(ii) Explain why this reaction can be described as a reduction

reaction.

[2]
(iii) Calculate the relative formula masses of the substances in this

equation.
nitrogen [1]
hydrogen [1]
ammonia [1]
(iv) What is the atom economy for the reaction producing ammonia?
[1]
(v) Ammonia is used to produce salts. Write the formula of

ammonium sulfate.
[1]
48
49
BLANK PAGE
50
Centre Number
Candidate Number

2019
Chemistry
Unit 2
Higher Tier
[CODE]
SPECIMEN PAPER
TIME
1 hour 30 minutes.
For Examiner’s

Number
Quality of written communication will be assessed in Question 5(c).
3
4
5
6
7
Total
Marks
51
1 The study of organic compounds is simplified by grouping the compounds Examiner Only
into homologous series. Marks Re-mark
(a) What is meant by the term homologous series?
[3]
(b) Butanoic acid is a weak acid. It behaves as a typical dilute acid.
(i) Write the molecular formula of butanoic acid.
[1]
(ii) Draw the full structural formula of butanoic acid.
[1]
(c) Some copper(II) carbonate was added to a warm solution of butanoic

acid with stirring.
(i) Write a balanced symbol equation for this reaction.
[3]
52
(ii) Describe what you would observe when copper(II) carbonate Examiner Only
reacts with butanoic acid. Marks Re-mark
[3]
(d) A granule of zinc metal was added to a solution of butanoic acid.
State the name of the gas given off during this reaction and describe a
test which could be carried out to confirm the presence of this gas.
Name of gas
Test for gas
[3]
53
2 (a) Nitrous oxide (N2O), also known as laughing gas, is commonly used Examiner Only
as an anaesthetic in dentistry. Nitrous oxide may be produced by Marks Re-mark
heating a sample of ammonium nitrate, NH4NO3. The equation for
this reaction is given below.
NH4NO3(s) → 2H2O(g) + N2O(g)
Calculate the volume of nitrous oxide which can be produced when

2 kg of ammonium nitrate are fully decomposed on heating. State the
units.
volume of N2O [6]
54
(b) Nitrous oxide may also be produced by heating ammonia and oxygen Examiner Only
in the presence of a catalyst. The equation for this reaction is given Marks Re-mark
below.
2NH3(g) + 2O2(g) → N2O(g) + 3H2O(g)
(i) State Avogadro’s Law.
[3]
(ii) Using Avogadro’s Law, or otherwise, calculate the volume of

ammonia in cm3 required to produce 70 cm3 of nitrous oxide
(N2O).
volume of NH3 cm3 [2]
(iii) Calculate the percentage atom economy for this reaction to

produce nitrous oxide.
% atom economy = % [3]
55
3 The electrolysis of molten lithium chloride may be carried out using the Examiner Only
apparatus shown below. Molten lithium chloride is the electrolyte. Marks Re-mark
© CCEA
(a) What is meant by the term electrolyte?
[3]
(b) Name electrode A and electrode B.
Electrode A
Electrode B [2]
(c) What material is used to make the electrodes?
[1]
(d) State one reason why this material is chosen to make the electrodes.
[1]
56
(e) At which electrode, A or B, is lithium produced? Examiner Only
Marks Re-mark
[1]
(f) What would you observe at the other electrode?
[2]
(g) Write half equations for the reactions which are occurring at each
electrode.
Electrode A [3]
Electrode B [2]
57
4 Hydrogen gas was produced in the laboratory by reacting zinc metal with Examiner Only
hydrochloric acid. Marks Re-mark
(a) Draw a labelled diagram of the assembled apparatus used to produce

and collect several gas jars of hydrogen gas using the reaction of zinc
metal with hydrochloric acid.
[4]
(b) Hydrogen gas may be used as a fuel and is described as a clean fuel.
Explain what you understand by the term clean fuel.
[1]
58
(c) The equation for the reaction of hydrogen with oxygen is: Examiner Only
Marks Re-mark
2H2 + O2 → 2H2O
Some bond energies are shown in the table below:
Bond Bond energy/kJ
O=O 498
H–H 436
O–H 464
(i) Calculate the energy change for the reaction of hydrogen with
oxygen.
energy change kJ [3]
(ii) The reaction of hydrogen with oxygen is exothermic.
Draw a labelled reaction profile diagram for this reaction, including

the activation energy.
[3]
59
5 Approximately three-quarters of all elements are metals. Examiner Only
Marks Re-mark
(a) A student decided to determine the order of reactivity of the metals
copper, magnesium, nickel and zinc. Each metal was placed in a
solution of the metal chloride of each of the other metals. The results
are shown in the table below.
Metal
Metal Copper Magnesium Nickel Zinc
chloride
solution
Copper(II)
Reaction Reaction Reaction
chloride
Magnesium No No No
chloride Reaction Reaction Reaction
No
Nickel chloride Reaction Reaction
Reaction
No No
Zinc chloride Reaction
Reaction Reaction

(i) Write down the order of reactivity of the four metals from the most
reactive to the least reactive.
Most reactive:
Least reactive: [1]
(ii) The reaction which occurs when magnesium metal is added to

copper(II) chloride solution may be represented by the half
equation:
Mg → Mg2+ + 2e–
Explain in terms of electrons why this is an oxidation reaction.
[2]
60
(b) The method used to extract a metal from its ore is related to its Examiner Only
position in the reactivity series. Marks Re-mark
(i) What method is used to extract aluminium metal from its ore.
[1]
(ii) Name the ore from which aluminium is extracted.
[1]
61
(c) In industry, iron is manufactured in the blast furnace. Examiner Only
Marks Re-mark
Describe in detail the process used to extract iron metal from its ore in
the blast furnace.

Your answer must include the following:
• the names of the raw materials
• at least three balanced symbol equations for stages of the

process including the production of the reducing agent, the
reduction of iron ore and the removal of impurities

terms.
[12]
62
(d) (i) Phytomining is an alternative method used to extract metals such Examiner Only
as copper from the Earth’s crust. Marks Re-mark
Explain how the process of phytomining can extract metals from

the Earth’s crust.
[3]
(ii) State one advantage of phytomining.
[1]
63
6 (a) In industry hydrogen gas is used in the production of ammonia gas. Examiner Only
The reaction is reversible. Marks Re-mark
(i) What name is given to the industrial process used to produce

ammonia gas?
[1]
(ii) Write a balanced symbol equation for the production of ammonia

gas in this industrial process.
[3]
(iii) Complete the table below giving the operating conditions for the
industrial production of ammonia gas.
Name of catalyst
Temperature used (ºC)
Pressure used (atm)
[3]
(b) A study of equilibrium is important for understanding chemical

reactions.
State Le Chatelier’s Principle.
[2]
64
(c) Consider the following equilibrium reactions. Examiner Only
Marks Re-mark
Reaction ΔH/kJmol–1
P H2(g) + l2(g) 2Hl(g) –10
Q CO2(g) + 3H2(g) CH3OH(g) + H2O(g) – 49
R N2O4(g) 2NO2(g) +58
S 2SO2 + O2 2SO3 –92
T C2H4(g) + H2O(g) CH3CH2OH(g) – 42

In each of parts (c)(i) to (c)(v), select one of the letters, P, Q, R, S or T,

that corresponds to the equilibrium reaction that best fits the
information provided. You may use each letter once, more than once
or not at all.
(i) A decrease in temperature at constant pressure shifts the position

of this equilibrium from right to left.
[1]
(ii) This equilibrium may be described as an oxidation reaction.
[1]
(iii) A decrease in pressure at constant temperature shifts the position

of this equilibrium from left to right.
[1]
(iv) There is no change in the position of this equilibrium when the

pressure is increased at constant temperature.
[1]
(v) An increase in the concentration of steam at constant temperature

and constant pressure shifts the position of this equilibrium from
right to left.
[1]
65
7 In a laboratory experiment, 0.5 g of magnesium ribbon with excess dilute Examiner Only
hydrochloric acid at room temperature were reacted. The volume of gas Marks Re-mark
produced was recorded every 20 seconds.
(a) The results obtained in the experiment using 0.5 g of magnesium

ribbon and excess dilute hydrochloric acid are shown as line C in the
graph below.
45
40
35
30
C
gas volume /cm3
25
20
15
10
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120

time/s

(i) Use the graph to determine the time taken for the reaction to finish.
[1]
66
(ii) Calculate the rate of this reaction. Examiner Only
Marks Re-mark
Rate = s–1 [2]
(b) The experiment was repeated, using different conditions and the
results obtained plotted as lines A, B, D and E on the graph below.
Line C shows the original experiment with 0.5 g of magnesium ribbon
and excess dilute hydrochloric acid at room temperature.
45
40
35
E
30
D
gas volume /cm3
25
20
15
10
A
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120

time/s
67
(i) State and explain which of the lines A, B, D or E would have been Examiner Only
obtained if the 0.5 g of magnesium ribbon were replaced by 0.5 g Marks Re-mark
of magnesium powder.
Line [1]
Explanation
[2]
(ii) State which of the lines A, B, D or E would have been obtained if

0.5 g of magnesium ribbon were added to excess dilute
hydrochloric acid at a temperature below room temperature.
Line [1]
(iii) State and explain which graph A, B, D or E would have been

obtained if 0.25 g of magnesium ribbon were reacted with excess
dilute hydrochloric acid at room temperature.

Line [1]
Explanation
[1]
68
(c) A catalyst may be used in some reactions. In an experiment to find a Examiner Only
suitable catalyst for a certain reaction, the following results were Marks Re-mark
obtained. The temperature and all other conditions were kept the
same.
Substance under test as a Time for the reaction to be

catalyst completed/seconds
Cobalt chloride 15
Cobalt nitrate 12
Potassium nitrate 41
Sodium chloride 56

Which substance in the table is the best catalyst for this reaction?
Explain your answer.
Substance [1]
Explanation
[1]
69
70
Centre Number
Candidate Number

2019
Chemistry
Practical Booklet A
Foundation Tier
[CODE]
SPECIMEN PAPER
TIME
2 hours.

Question 1 is a practical exercise worth 15 marks.
For Examiner’s
use only
You may not have access to notes, textbooks and other material
Question Marks
to assist you. Number
You must wear safety glasses and take care during the 1
examination. 2
Total
Marks
71
1 You are provided with a sample of an ionic compound labelled A. Examiner Only
Marks Re-mark
(a) (i) Describe the appearance of compound A.
[2]
(ii)
Carry out a flame test on solid sample A and record your
observation below.
[1]
(iii)
Prepare a solution of the compound A by adding 1 spatula
measure of A in a boiling tube half-filled with deionised water.
Place a stopper in the boiling tube and shake until the solid has
dissolved.
What did you observe?
[2]
Using a pipette, place 2–3 cm3 of the solution of compound A in two

different test tubes.
(iv)
Add a few drops of sodium hydroxide solution to the first test tube.
[2]
72
To the second test tube add 2–3 cm3 of a barium chloride solution.
(v) Examiner Only
Record your observations below. Marks Re-mark
[2]
(b)
You are provided with a sample of a compound labelled B.
(i) Describe the appearance of B.
[2]
(ii)
Place 1 spatula measure of B in a boiling tube half-filled with
deionised water. Place a stopper in the boiling water and shake.
Is compound B soluble in water? Yes / No

Circle the correct answer. [1]
Place 1 spatula measure of B in a boiling tube and add 10 cm3 of

(iii)
dilute sulfuric acid. From the list of observations below, circle
three observations which occurred during the reaction.
precipitate forms solid disappears bubbles
blue solution forms black solid forms pink solution forms

[3]
73
2 You are provided with the following solutions: Examiner Only
Marks Re-mark
Hydrochloric acid
Sodium hydroxide solution
(a)
Test both solutions using red and blue litmus paper and record the
results in the table below.
Colour of red Colour of blue

Solution
litmus paper litmus paper
hydrochloric acid
sodium hydroxide
solution

[4]
74
(b)
Carry out the following process with the solutions: Examiner Only
Marks Re-mark
1. Fill the burette with hydrochloric acid solution and clamp it
securely.
2. Pipette 25.0 cm3 of sodium hydroxide solution into a conical flask.
3. Prepare two other conical flasks in the same way.
4. Add 5 drops of phenolphthalein indicator to each of the conical

flasks.
5. Place the conical flask on a white tile under the burette.
6. Add the hydrochloric acid until a colour change is observed.

7. Repeat the process with the second and third conical flasks.
(i) Record your results to one decimal place in the table below:
Initial volume Final volume Titre

/cm³ /cm³ /cm³
Rough
Accurate 1
Accurate 2
[5]
(ii)
State the colour change observed during the titration.
From to [2]
(iii)
cm3 [2]
75
Measure out 10 cm3 of sodium hydroxide solution using a measuring
(c) Examiner Only
cylinder and place it in a 100 cm3 beaker. Marks Re-mark
(i) Using a thermometer, measure the temperature of the sodium

hydroxide solution and record the value below.
[1]
Measure out 10 cm3 of hydrochloric acid using a different cylinder

(ii)
and add it to the 100 cm3 beaker. Stir using the thermometer and
record the temperature after 1 minute.
[1]
76
77
BLANK PAGE
78
Centre Number
Candidate Number

2019
Chemistry
Practical Booklet A
Higher Tier
[CODE]
SPECIMEN PAPER
TIME
2 hours.

For Examiner’s
use only
You may not have access to notes, textbooks and other material
Question Marks
to assist you. Number
You must wear safety glasses and take care during the 1
examination. 2
Total
Marks
79
1 You are provided with a sample of an ionic compound labelled A. Examiner Only
Marks Re-mark
(a)
Describe the appearance of compound A.
[2]
(b)
Carry out a flame test on solid sample A and record your observation
below.
[1]
(c)
Prepare a solution of the compound A by adding 1 spatula measure of
A in a boiling tube half-filled with deionised water. Place a stopper in
the boiling tube and shake until the solid has dissolved.
[2]
Using a pipette, place 2–3 cm3 of the solution of compound A in three

(d)
different test tubes.
(i) Add a few drops of sodium hydroxide solution to the first test tube
followed by approximately 10 cm3 more of sodium hydroxide
solution.
[3]
80
(ii)
Add a few drops of ammonia solution to the second test tube Examiner Only
followed by approximately 10 cm3 more of ammonia solution. Marks Re-mark
[3]
To the third test tube add 2–3 cm3 of a barium chloride solution.

(iii)
[2]
(e)
Place 2 spatulas of A in a boiling tube and heat in a blue Bunsen
flame.
[2]
81
2 You are provided with the following solutions: Examiner Only
Marks Re-mark
Hydrochloric acid
Sodium hydroxide solution
(a)
Test both solutions using universal indicator paper and record the
results in the table below.
Colour of universal
Solution pH
indicator paper
hydrochloric acid
sodium hydroxide
solution

[4]
82
(b)
Carry out the following process with the solutions: Examiner Only
Marks Re-mark
1. Fill the burette with hydrochloric acid solution and clamp it
securely.
2. Pipette 25.0 cm3 of sodium hydroxide solution into a conical flask.
3. Prepare two other conical flasks in the same way.
4. Add 5 drops of phenolphthalein indicator to each of the conical

flasks.
5. Place the conical flask on a white tile under the burette.
6. Add the hydrochloric acid until a colour change is observed.
7. Repeat the process with the second and third conical flasks.
(i) Record your results to one decimal place in the table below:
Initial volume Final volume Titre

/cm³ /cm³ /cm³
Rough
Accurate 1
Accurate 2
[5]
(ii)
State the colour change observed during the titration.
From to [2]
(iii)
cm3 [2]
83
Measure out 10 cm3 of sodium hydroxide solution using a measuring
(c) Examiner Only
cylinder and place it in a 100 cm3 beaker. Marks Re-mark
(i) Using a thermometer, measure the temperature of the sodium

hydroxide solution and record the value below.
[1]
Measure out 10 cm3 of hydrochloric acid using a different cylinder

(ii)
and add it to the 100 cm3 beaker. Stir using the thermometer and
record the temperature after 1 minute.
[1]
84
85
BLANK PAGE
86
Centre Number
Candidate Number

2019
Chemistry
Practical Booklet B
Foundation Tier
[CODE]
SPECIMEN PAPER
TIME
1 hour.

For Examiner’s
The total mark for this paper is 70. use only
Figures in brackets printed down the right-hand side of pages indicate Question Marks
the marks awarded to each question or part question. Number
Quality of written communication will be assessed in Question 1(a).
2
3
4
5
6
Total
Marks
87
1 In a titration 25.0 cm3 of potassium hydroxide solution were placed in a Examiner Only
conical flask and titrated with sulfuric acid. The salt formed is potassium Marks Re-mark
sulfate.
(a) Describe, with due regard for safety and accuracy, how you would
transfer exactly 25.0 cm3 of the potassium hydroxide solution into the
conical flask.

terms.
[6]
(b) Write the formula of potassium sulfate.
[1]
88
(c) The table shows some solubility values of potassium sulfate. Examiner Only
Marks Re-mark
Temperature (ºC) 0 20 40 60 80 100
Solubility
7.4 11.1 14.8 18.2 21.4 24.1
(g/100 g water)

(i) Describe how the solubility of potassium sulfate changes with

temperature.
[1]
(ii) What mass of potassium sulfate would saturate 50 g of water at

40 ºC?
[1]
(iii) 20 g of potassium sulfate is added to 100 g of water at 60 ºC.
Calculate the mass of potassium sulfate that does not dissolve.
[1]
(iv) Estimate a value for the solubility of potassium sulfate at 50 ºC.
[1]
(v) What colour is potassium sulfate solution?
[1]
(vi) Name an insoluble metal sulfate. You may find your data leaflet
useful in answering the question.
[1]
89
2 Hydrated nickel(II) sulfate, NiSO4.xH2O, was placed in an evaporating Examiner Only
basin and heated to constant mass producing anhydrous nickel(II) sulfate Marks Re-mark
NiSO4.
(a) (i) Explain what is meant by heated to constant mass.
[2]
(ii) Draw a labelled diagram of the assembled apparatus used to

heat hydrated nickel(II) sulfate to constant mass.
[3]
90
(b) A sample of hydrated nickel(II) sulfate was placed in an evaporating Examiner Only
basin and the following mass measurements were taken. Marks Re-mark
Mass of evaporating basin = 45.12 g

Mass of evaporating basin and hydrated nickel(II) sulfate = 50.38 g
Mass of evaporating basin and contents after heating to constant
mass = 48.22 g
(i) Calculate the mass of hydrated nickel sulfate.
[1]
(ii) Calculate the mass of water present in the hydrated nickel sulfate.
[1]
(iii) Calculate the percentage of water in the hydrated nickel sulfate.
[2]
(iv) Calculate the formula mass of the anhydrous nickel sulfate.
[1]
(v) Calculate the mass of the anhydrous nickel sulfate produced.
[1]
(vi) Calculate the number of moles of anhydrous nickel sulfate

produced.
[1]
91
3 Sulfuric acid reacts with zinc and with zinc carbonate to form zinc sulfate Examiner Only
solution. Marks Re-mark
(a) (i) Write a balanced symbol equation for the reaction of zinc with
sulfuric acid.
[2]
(ii) What would you observe when zinc reacts with sulfuric acid?
[2]
(b) The flow chart shows the steps in the preparation of hydrated zinc
sulfate, ZnSO4.7H2O, from zinc carbonate and sulfuric acid.
Measure 25cm3 of sulfuric acid and

STEP 1
place in a conical flask.
Add zinc carbonate until it is in

STEP 2
excess.
Filter to remove the excess zinc

STEP 3
carbonate.
Heat the filtrate until the volume is

STEP 4
reduced by half.
STEP 5 Allow to cool and crystallise.
STEP 6 Filter off the crystals and dry them.
(i) What piece of apparatus is used to measure out 25cm3 of sulfuric

acid in STEP 1.
[1]
92
(ii) How would you know that the zinc carbonate is in excess in Examiner Only
STEP 2? Marks Re-mark
[1]
(iii) Draw a labelled diagram of the assembled apparatus used to filter

the mixture in STEP 3.
[3]
(iv) Explain why the solution is not evaporated to dryness in STEP 4?
[1]
(v) Why do crystals form on cooling in STEP 5?
[1]
(vi) State two methods of drying the crystals.
1.
2. [2]
93
(vii) Write a balanced symbol equation for the reaction of zinc Examiner Only
carbonate with sulfuric acid. Marks Re-mark
[2]
(viii) Describe how you would prove experimentally that the solution
formed contains zinc ions.
[3]
94
4 A solution of hydrogen peroxide is used in some contact lens sterilising Examiner Only
systems. Hydrogen peroxide decomposes into water and oxygen gas Marks Re-mark
according to the equation:
2H2O2 → 2H2O + O2
(a) The hydrogen peroxide sterilises the lenses overnight. A disc of

manganese(IV) oxide (manganese dioxide) is also present in the
contact lens case to act as a catalyst for the decomposition.
What is the formula for manganese(IV) oxide (manganese dioxide)?
[1]
(b) A student planned to monitor the rate of decomposition of hydrogen

peroxide. 40.0 cm3 of 0.2 mol/dm3 hydrogen peroxide solution and
1.0 g of manganese(IV) oxide were placed in a conical flask which was
sealed and connected to apparatus used to collect the gas. The
volume of gas produced was monitored over a period of
2 minutes.
(i) Draw a labelled diagram of the assembled apparatus which could

be used to monitor the volume of gas produced against time.
Include all apparatus required to carry out this experiment.
[3]
95
The results from this experiment carried out at 25 °C are plotted on the Examiner Only
graph below. Marks Re-mark
100
90
80
70
Gas volume/cm3
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120
Time/s
(ii) What is the final volume obtained?
[1]
(iii) At what time does the reaction stop?
[1]
(iv) Using your graph, deduce the time at which half the final volume
of oxygen was collected.
[2]
96
5 (a) The apparatus shown below is used to generate and test for carbon Examiner Only
dioxide. Marks Re-mark
Label the diagram.
(ii)
(i)
(iii)
calcium
carbonate hydrochloric A
acid © CCEA
[3]
(b) Give observations for the test tube containing calcium carbonate and
hydrochloric acid.
[3]
(c) Identify A which is used to test for carbon dioxide, stating the changes
which would be observed if carbon dioxide is bubbled through A.
[3]
97
6 Three organic compound A, B and C are from different homologous Examiner Only
series. A series of tests were carried out and the results recorded in the Marks Re-mark
table below. A tick () indicates that a reaction occurred.
Substance
A B C
Test
Shaken with
 X X
bromine water
A spatula of sodium
X X 
carbonate added

(a) (i) What is observed when A reacts with bromine water?
[2]
(ii) What is observed when C reacts with sodium carbonate?
[2]
(b) A has the empirical formula CH2 and its relative formula mass is 42.
(i) Write the molecular formula of A.
[1]
(ii) Name A.
[1]
(iii) What is the physical state of A at room temperature and

pressure?
[1]
(c) Which compound (A, B or C) is a carboxylic acid?
[1]
98
(d) Name the products found when B burns in a plentiful supply of Examiner Only
oxygen. Marks Re-mark
[2]
99
100
Centre Number
Candidate Number

2019
Chemistry
Practical Booklet B
Higher Tier
[CODE]
SPECIMEN PAPER
TIME
1 hour.

Figures in brackets printed down the right-hand side of pages indicate For Examiner’s
use only
Question Marks
A Data Leaflet including a Periodic Table of the elements is provided. Number
Quality of written communication will be assessed in Question 1(a).
1
2
3
4
5
Total
Marks
101
1 M2CO3 represents a carbonate containing an unknown metal, M. A Examiner Only
solution of this carbonate was prepared by dissolving 10.98 g of M2CO3 in Marks Re-mark
water and making up to 1 dm3.
25.0 cm3 of this solution were transferred to a conical flask and titrated with
0.2 mol/dm3 hydrochloric acid until the reaction was complete.
The table below shows the results of the titration.
Initial burette Final burette

Titre (cm3)
volume (cm3) volume (cm3)
Rough titration 0.0 20.4 20.4
First accurate
20.4 40.4 20.0
titration
Second accurate
10.0 29.8 19.8
titration
M2CO3 + 2HCl → 2MCl + H2O + CO2
102
(a) Describe, with due regard for safety and accuracy, how you would Examiner Only
transfer exactly 25.0 cm3 of the metal carbonate solution to the conical Marks Re-mark
flask.

terms.
[6]
103
(b) The average titre was found to be 19.9 cm3. Examiner Only
Marks Re-mark
(i) Calculate the number of moles of hydrochloric acid used in this
titration.
[2]
(ii) Use the balanced symbol equation to deduce the number of

moles of metal carbonate present in 25.0 cm3 of the solution.
[2]
(iii) Calculate the number of moles of metal carbonate which were

present in 1 dm3 of the solution.
[2]
(iv) Using your answer to part (iii) and the initial mass, calculate the
relative formula mass of M2CO3.
[2]
(v) Use your answer to part (iv) to calculate the relative atomic mass
of metal M and identify the metal.
Relative atomic mass of M
Identity of M [2]
104
2 Hydrated nickel(II) sulfate, NiSO4.xH2O, was placed in an evaporating Examiner Only
basin and heated to constant mass. Marks Re-mark
(a) (i) Explain what is meant by heated to constant mass.
[2]
(ii) Draw a labelled diagram of the assembled apparatus used to

heat hydrated nickel(II) sulfate to constant mass.
[3]
105
(b) A sample of hydrated nickel(II) sulfate was placed in an evaporating Examiner Only
basin and the following mass measurements were taken. Marks Re-mark
Mass of evaporating basin = 45.12 g

Mass of evaporating basin and hydrated nickel(II) sulfate = 50.38 g
Mass of evaporating basin and contents after heating to constant
mass = 48.22 g
Calculate the value of x in NiSO4.xH2O.
Show all your working out carefully.
x= [7]
106
(c) Describe how you would experimentally prove that solid nickel(II) Examiner Only
sulfate contains sulfate ions. Marks Re-mark
[4]
107
3 Sulfuric acid reacts with zinc and/or with zinc carbonate to form zinc Examiner Only
sulfate solution. Marks Re-mark
(a) (i) Write a balanced symbol equation for the reaction of zinc with
sulfuric acid.
[2]
(ii) What would you observe when zinc reacts with sulfuric acid?
[2]
(b) The flow chart shows the steps in the preparation of hydrated zinc
sulfate, ZnSO4.7H2O, from zinc carbonate and sulfuric acid.
Measure 25cm3 of sulfuric acid and

STEP 1
place in a conical flask.
Add zinc carbonate until it is in

STEP 2
excess.
Filter to remove the excess zinc

STEP 3
carbonate.
Heat the filtrate until the volume is

STEP 4
reduced by half.
STEP 5 Allow to cool and crystallise.
STEP 6 Filter off the crystals and dry them.
(i) What piece of apparatus is used to measure out 25cm3 of sulfuric

acid in STEP 1.
[1]
108
(ii) How would you know that the zinc carbonate is in excess in Examiner Only
STEP 2? Marks Re-mark
[1]
(iii) Draw a labelled diagram of the assembled apparatus used to filter

the mixture in STEP 3.
[3]
(iv) Explain why the solution is not evaporated to dryness in STEP 4?
[1]
(v) Why do crystals form on cooling in STEP 5?
[1]
(vi) State two methods of drying the crystals.
1.
2. [2]
109
(vii) Write a balanced symbol equation for the reaction of zinc Examiner Only
carbonate with sulfuric acid. Marks Re-mark
[2]
(viii) Describe how you would prove experimentally that the solution
formed contains zinc ions.
[3]
110
4 A solution of hydrogen peroxide is used in some contact lens sterilising Examiner Only
systems. Hydrogen peroxide decomposes into water and oxygen gas Marks Re-mark
according to the equation:
2H2O2 → 2H2O + O2
(a) The hydrogen peroxide sterilises the lenses overnight. A disc of

manganese(IV) oxide (manganese dioxide) is also present in the
contact lens case to act as a catalyst for the decomposition.
What is the formula for manganese(IV) oxide (manganese dioxide)?
[1]
(b) A student planned to monitor the rate of decomposition of hydrogen

peroxide. 40.0 cm3 of 0.2 mol/dm3 hydrogen peroxide solution and
1.0 g of manganese(IV) oxide were placed in a conical flask which was
sealed and connected to apparatus used to collect gas. The volume
of gas produced was monitored over a period of 2 minutes.
(i) Draw a labelled diagram of the assembled apparatus which could

be used to monitor the volume of gas produced against time.
Include all apparatus required to carry out this experiment.
[3]
111
The results from this experiment carried out at 25 °C are plotted on the Examiner Only
graph below. Marks Re-mark
100
90
80
70
Gas volume/cm3
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120
Time/s
(ii) What is the final gas volume obtained?
[1]
(iii) At what time does the reaction stop?
[1]
(iv) Using your graph, deduce the time at which half the final volume
of oxygen was collected. Show your working.
[2]
112
5 Four organic compounds A, B, C, D are from different homologous series. Examiner Only
A series of tests were carried out and the results recorded in the table Marks Re-mark
below. A tick () indicates that a reaction occurred.
Substance
A B C D
Test
Bromine water  X X X
Sodium carbonate X X X 
Acidified potassium
dichromate solution X X  X
+ warmed
(a) (i) What is observed when A reacts with bromine water?
[2]
(ii) What is observed when C reacts with acidified potassium

dichromate solution?
[2]
(iii) What is observed when D reacts with sodium carbonate?
[2]
113
(b) A has the empirical formula CH2 and its relative formula mass is 42. Examiner Only
Marks Re-mark
(i) Write the molecular formula of A.
[1]
(ii) Name A.
[1]
(iii) What is the physical state of A at room temperature and

pressure?
[1]
(c) Which compound (B, C or D) is most likely to be an alcohol?
[1]
(d) Name the products found when B burns in a plentiful supply of

oxygen.
[2]
114
115
BLANK PAGE
116
2019
Chemistry
Practical Booklet A
Foundation Tier
[CODE]
SPECIMEN
APPARATUS
AND
MATERIALS
LIST
117
Advice for centres
● All chemicals used should be at least laboratory reagent specification and labelled with
appropriate safety symbols, e.g. irritant.
● For centres running multiple sessions – candidates for the later session should be supplied
with clean, dry glassware. If it is not feasible then glassware from the first session should be
thoroughly washed, rinsed with deionised water and allowed to drain.
● Ensure all chemicals are in date otherwise expected observations may not be seen.
118
Suggested apparatus and materials list
It is the responsibility of the centre to ensure that appropriate risk assessments are
carried out for all practical skills assessments.
Question 1
Safety glasses
A sample of hydrated copper(II) sulfate labelled A
A supply of deionised water
Sodium hydroxide solution (just slightly less than 0.5 mol dm–3)
A sample of copper(II) carbonate labelled B
Dilute sulfuric acid
Barium chloride solution (approximately 0.5 mol dm–3)
Nichrome wire or flame test rods
Concentrated hydrochloric acid (if using nichrome wire)
Watch glass
2 × Boiling tubes (approximately sized 150 × 24) and 2 × size 21 bung to fit boiling tubes
5 × test tubes (approximately sized 150 × 18)
A test tube rack
A supply of (disposable) pipettes
Question 2
Safety glasses
25.0 cm3 bulb pipette and pipette filler
A 50 cm3 burette (and small funnel for filling)
2 × 100 cm3 beakers
Hydrochloric acid (approximately 0.1 mol dm–3)
Sodium hydroxide solution (approximately 0.1 mol dm–3)
Phenolphthalein indicator
3 × 250 cm3 conical flasks
White tile
Retort stand, boss head and clamp/burette clamp
Universal indicator paper
Glass rod
2 × 10 cm3 or 2 × 25 cm3 measuring cylinders
Thermometer
Stop clock
Wash bottle of deionised water
119
BLANK PAGE
120
2019
Chemistry
Unit 3: Practical skills
Practical Booklet A
Higher Tier
[CODE]
SPECIMEN
APPARATUS
AND
MATERIALS
LIST
121
Advice for centres
● All chemicals used should be at least laboratory reagent specification and labelled with
appropriate safety symbols, e.g. irritant.
● For centres running multiple sessions – candidates for the later session should be supplied
with clean, dry glassware. If it is not feasible then glassware from the first session should be
thoroughly washed, rinsed with deionised water and allowed to drain.
● Ensure all chemicals are in date otherwise expected observations may not be seen.
122
Suggested apparatus and materials list
It is the responsibility of the centre to ensure that appropriate risk assessments are
carried out for all practical skills assessments.
Question 1
Safety glasses
A sample of hydrated copper(II) sulfate labelled A
A supply of deionised water
Sodium hydroxide solution (just slightly less than 0.5 mol dm–3)
Ammonia solution (approximately 1 mol dm–3)
Barium chloride solution (approximately 0.5 mol dm–3)
Nichrome wire or flame test rods
Concentrated hydrochloric acid (if using nichrome wire)
Watch glass
2 × Boiling tubes (approximately sized 150 × 24) and one size 21 bung to fit one boiling tube
5 × test tubes (approximately sized 150 × 18)
A test tube rack
A supply of (disposable) pipettes
Bunsen burner
Test tube holder
Heat proof mat
Question 2
Safety glasses
25.0 cm3 bulb pipette and pipette filler
A 50 cm3 burette (and small funnel for filling)
2 × 100 cm3 beakers
Hydrochloric acid (approximately 0.1 mol dm–3)
Sodium hydroxide solution (approximately 0.1 mol dm–3)
Phenolphthalein indicator
3 × 250 cm3 conical flasks
White tile
Retort stand, boss head and clamp/burette clamp
Universal indicator paper
Glass rod
2 × 10 cm3 or 2 × 25 cm3 measuring cylinders
Thermometer
Stop clock
Wash bottle of deionised water
123
BLANK PAGE
124
MARK SCHEMES
125
126
Chemistry
GENERAL MARKING
INSTRUCTIONS
127
General Marking Instructions
Introduction
Mark schemes are intended to ensure that the GCSE examinations are marked consistently
and fairly. The mark schemes provide markers with an indication of the nature and range of
candidates’ responses likely to be worthy of credit. They also set out the criteria which they
should apply in allocating marks to candidates’ responses.
Assessment objectives
Below are the assessment objectives for GCSE Chemistry.
Candidates must:
AO1 Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of:

–– scientific ideas;
–– scientific techniques and procedures.
AO2 Apply knowledge and understanding of and develop skills in:
–– scientific ideas;
–– scientific enquiry, techniques and procedures.
AO3 Analyse scientific information and ideas to:
–– interpret and evaluate;
–– make judgements and draw conclusions;
–– develop and improve experimental procedures.
Quality of candidates’ responses

In marking the examination papers, examiners should be looking for a quality of response
reflecting the level of maturity which may reasonably be expected of a 16-year-old which is the
age at which the majority of candidates sit their GCSE examinations.
Flexibility in marking
Mark schemes are not intended to be totally prescriptive. No mark scheme can cover all the
responses which candidates may produce. In the event of unanticipated answers, examiners
are expected to use their professional judgement to assess the validity of answers. If an
answer is particularly problematic, then examiners should seek the guidance of the Supervising
Examiner.
Positive marking
Examiners are encouraged to be positive in their marking, giving appropriate credit for what
candidates know, understand and can do rather than penalising candidates for errors or
omissions. The exception to this for GCSE Chemistry is when Examiners are marking complex
calculations when the Examiners are briefed to mark by error or omission. Examiners should
make use of the whole of the available mark range for any particular question and be prepared
to award full marks for a response which is as good as might reasonably be expected of a
16-year-old GCSE candidate.
Awarding zero marks

Marks should only be awarded for valid responses and no marks should be awarded for an
answer which is completely incorrect or inappropriate.
Marking Calculations
In marking answers involving calculations, examiners should apply the ‘carry error through’
rule so that candidates are not penalised more than once for a computational error. To avoid a
candidate being penalised, marks can be awarded where correct conclusions or inferences are
made from their incorrect calculations.
128
Types of mark schemes
Mark schemes for tasks or questions which require candidates to respond in extended written
form are marked on the basis of levels of response which take account of the quality of written
communication.
Other questions which require only short answers are marked on a point for point basis with
marks awarded for each valid piece of information provided.
Levels of response
In deciding which level of response to award, examiners should look for the number of indicative
content points in candidate responses to ensure that the answer has been written to coincide
with the question. In deciding which mark within a particular level to award to any response,
quality of communication will be assessed and examiners are expected to use their professional
judgement.
The following guidance is provided to assist examiners.
• Threshold performance: Response which just merits inclusion in the level and should be
awarded a mark at or near the bottom of the range.
• High performance: Response which fully satisfies the level description and should be
awarded a mark at or near the top of the range.
Quality of written communication

Quality of written communication is taken into account in assessing candidates’ responses to
all tasks and questions that require them to respond in extended written form. These tasks
and questions are marked on the basis of bands of response. The description for each band of
response includes reference to the quality of written communication.
For conciseness, quality of written communication is distinguished within bands of response as

follows:
Band A: Quality of written communication is excellent.

Band B: Quality of written communication is good.
Band C: Quality of written communication is basic.
Band D: Response not worthy of credit
In interpreting these band descriptions, examiners should refer to the more detailed guidance
provided below:
Band A (Excellent): Excellent reference to scientific terminology. The candidate successfully

selects and uses the most appropriate form and style of writing. Relevant material is organised
with a high degree of clarity and coherence. There is widespread and accurate use of
appropriate specialist vocabulary. Presentation, spelling, punctuation and grammar are of a
sufficiently high standard to make meaning clear.
Band B (Good): Good reference to scientific terminology. The candidate makes a reasonable
selection and use of an appropriate form and style of writing. Relevant material is organised
with some clarity and coherence. There is some use of appropriate specialist vocabulary.
Presentation, spelling, punctuation and grammar are sufficiently competent to make meaning
clear.
Band C (Basic): Basic reference to scientific terminology. The candidate makes only a limited
selection and use of an appropriate form and style of writing. The organisation of material may
lack clarity and coherence. There is little use of specialist vocabulary. Presentation, spelling,
punctuation and grammar may be such that intended meaning is not clear.
129
BLANK PAGE
130
2018
Chemistry
Unit 1
Foundation Tier
[CODE]
SPECIMEN
MARK
SCHEME
131
AVAILABLE
1 blue-green [1] MARKS
lilac [1]
yellow [1] [3] 3
2 (a) iodine/phosphorus/sulfur [1]
(b) two from nitrogen/oxygen/hydrogen/bromine/iodine [2]
(c) hydrogen/nitrogen/oxygen/helium/neon/argon [1]
(d) iron [1] copper [1] [2]
(e) rubidium [1]
(f) argon [1] 8
3 (a) can be hammered into shape [1]
(b) protons 79 [1]

neutrons 118 [1] [2]
(c) 1 × 10-14 m [1] 4
4 (a) two or more elements chemically combined/bonded [1]
(b) (i) CaCO3 100 [1]

CaO 56 [1]
(ii) 2.5 moles [1]

70
(iii) × 100 = 50% [1]
140
(c) Mr CaSO4 = 136
% Ca = 40 ÷136 ×100 = 29% [1] 6
132
5 (a) AVAILABLE
Type of fish pH range Acid/alkali Strong/weak MARKS
Brown trout 3.5 – 4.5 acid weak

Orange sea perch 8.1 – 9.4 alkali weak
Tiger barb 6.0 – 6.5 acid weak

each row [1] [3]
(b) (i) as pH increases the % of ammonia increases [1]
(ii) the higher the water temperature the higher the % of ammonia [1]
(iii) 69% or 70% [1]
(c) (i) alkali [1]
(ii) NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O

formula of reactants [1]
formula of products [1] [2]
(iii) white [1] ppt [1] [2] 11

6 (a) damp universal indicator paper [1] red [1] bleaches/white [1] [3]
(b) (i) same number of electrons in outer shell/

all have 7 outer shell electrons [1]
(ii) same number [1] of protons and electrons [1] [2]
(iii) correct electronic configuration of Li+ [1]

correct electronic configuration of F– [1]
Li+ [1]
F– [1] [4]
(iv) any two:

• magnesium oxide
• calcium chloride
• sodium iodide [2]
133
(c) Indicative content AVAILABLE
Physical properties: MARKS
• transition metals have high melting points

• alkali metals have low melting points
• transition metals have high densities
• alkali metals have low densities/ less dense than water
Chemical properties:
• transition metals have low reactivity/react slowly (with water)
• alkali metals very reactive/react quickly (with water)
• transition metals form ions with different charges, e.g. iron(II) and iron(III)
• alkali metals form 1+ ion
Band Response Mark
Candidates must use appropriate specialist terms

to fully compare a number of properties of transition
metals and alkali metals [6–8 indicative content
points]. They must include two comparisons of
A [5]–[6]
properties. Relevant material is organised with a high
degree of clarity and coherence. They must use
excellent spelling, punctuation and grammar and the
form and style are of a very high standard.
Candidates must use appropriate specialist terms to

compare a number of properties of transition metals
and alkali metals [4–5 indicative content points]. They
must include at least one comparison of properties.
B [3]–[4]
Relevant material is organised with some clarity and
coherence. They use good spelling, punctuation and
grammar and the form and style are of a satisfactory
standard.
Candidates describe briefly some properties of

transition metals and alkali metals [at least 2 indicative
content points]. The organisation of material may
C lack clarity and coherence. They use limited spelling, [1]–[2]
punctuation and grammar and they have limited use
of specialist terms. The form and style are of limited
standard.
D
Response not worthy of credit. [0]
[6]
18
134
AVAILABLE
MARKS
7 (a) (i) isotope [1]
(ii) 99 × 12 + 13 × 1 ÷ 100 [1]

= 12.0 to one decimal place [1] [2]
(b) 4 [1]
(c) (i) diamond [1]

graphite [1] [2]
(ii)
Covalent Giant covalent Yes
Graphene
[1] [1] [1]
[3]
(iii) batteries/solar cells [1] 10
Total 60
135
BLANK PAGE
136
2018
Chemistry
Unit 1
Higher Tier
[CODE]
SPECIMEN
MARK
SCHEME
137
1 (a) (i) can be hammered into shape [1] AVAILABLE
MARKS
(ii) protons 79 [1]

neutrons 118 [1] [2]
(iii) 1 × 10-14 m [1]
(b) (i) in an alloy there are different sizes of atoms present [1]
this makes it difficult for the layers of atoms to slide [1] [2]
(ii) % of gold = (number of carats + 24) × 100

= (21/24) × 100 [1]
= 87.5 % [1] [2]
(iii) it contains different substances mixed in measured quantities [1]

to make a useful product/product with required properties [1] [2]
(c) 2Au + 3Cl2 → 2AuCl3

correct formulas of reactants [1]
correct formula of product [1]
correct balancing [1] [3] 13
2 (a) two or more elements chemically combined/bonded [1]
(b) (i) colourless [1]

limewater [1]
milky [1] [3]
(ii) mass of calcium carbonate = 15000 g [1]

moles of calcium carbonate = 15000 ÷ 100 = 150 [1]
ratio 1 CaCO3 : 1 CaO
150 : 150 [1]
moles CaO × rfm = 150 × 56 = 8400 g [1] [4]
(c) moles of calcium = 21.74 ÷ 40 = 0.544 [1]

moles of magnesium = 13.04 ÷ 24 = 0.543 [1]
moles of carbon = 13.04 ÷ 12 = 1.087 [1]
moles of oxygen = 52.18 ÷ 16 = 3.26 [1]
ratio 1 Ca : 1 Mg : 2 C : 6 O CaMgC2O6 [1] [5]
(d) (i) ratio 1 CaCO3 : 1 CO2

0.0075 : 0.0075 [1]
0.0075 × 100 = 0.75 g [1] [2]
(ii) (0.75 ÷ 1.25) ×100 = 60% [1] 16
138
3 (a) (i) AVAILABLE
Type of fish pH range Acid/alkali Strong/weak MARKS
Brown trout 3.5 – 4.5 acid weak

Orange sea perch 8.1 – 9.4 alkali weak
Tiger barb 6.0 – 6.5 acid weak

each row [1] [3]
(ii) lower [1]

the lower the pH, the higher the concentration of hydrogen ions [1] [2]
(b) (i) as pH increases, the % of ammonia increases [1]
(ii) the higher the water temperature the higher the % of ammonia [1]
(iii) 2NH3 + H2SO4 → (NH4)2SO4

correct formulae of reactants [1]
correct balancing [1] [3]
(c) (i) alkali [1]
(ii) H+ (aq) + OH–(aq) → H2O(l)

state symbols [1] [3]
(iii) sodium – carry out a flame test [1]

yellow [1]
chloride – add silver nitrate solution [1]
white ppt [1] [4]
(d) (i) sodium hydroxide [1]
(ii) Al3+ + 3OH– → Al(OH)3

correct formulae of product [1]
correct balancing [1] [3] 22
139
4 (a) (i) same number of electrons in outer shell/ AVAILABLE
all have 7 outer shell electrons [1] MARKS
(ii) correct electronic configuration of Li and F atoms [1]

correct electronic configuration of Li and F ions
(dot and cross correct) [1]
correct charge on lithium ion [1]
correct charge on fluoride ion [1] [4]
Li F
+ –
Li F
(iii) KF [1]
(b) chlorine – weak van der Waals’ forces between the molecules [1]
takes a small amount of energy to break [1]
sodium chloride – strong ionic bonds [1]
takes large amounts of energy to break [1] [4]
(c) reactivity increases down group [1]

outer electron is further from nucleus [1]
less attraction between outer electron and nucleus/outer electron lost
more easily [1] [3]
140
(d) Indicative content AVAILABLE
Physical properties: MARKS
• transition metals have high melting points

• alkali metals have low melting points
• transition metals have high densities
• alkali metals have low densities/less dense than water
Chemical properties:
• transition metals have low reactivity/react slowly (with water)
• alkali metals very reactive/react quickly (with water)
• transition metal form ions with different charges, e.g. iron(II) and iron(III)
• alkali metals form 1+ ion
Band Response Mark

to fully compare a number of properties of transition
metals and alkali metals [6–8 indicative content
points]. They must include two comparisons of
A [5]–[6]
properties. Relevant material is organised with a
high degree of clarity and coherence. They must use

compare a number of properties of transition metals
and alkali metals [4–5 indicative content points]. They
must include at least one comparison of properties.
B [3]–[4]
Relevant material is organised with some clarity and
coherence. They use good spelling, punctuation and
grammar and the form and style are of a satisfactory
standard.
Candidates describe briefly some properties of

transition metals and alkali metals [at least 2 indicative
content points]. The organisation of material may
C lack clarity and coherence. They use limited spelling, [1]–[2]
punctuation and grammar and they have limited use
of specialist terms. The form and style are of limited
standard.
D Response not worthy of credit. [0]
[6] 19
141
5 (a) (i) isotope [1] AVAILABLE
MARKS
(ii) ((99 × 12) + (13 × 1)) ÷ 100 [1]

= 12.0 to one decimal place [1] [2]
(b)
Number of lone
Dot and cross diagram pairs in the
molecule
Carbon
dioxide O C O 4
[1] [1]
[2]
(c) (i) diamond [1]

graphite [1] [2]
(ii)
Covalent Giant covalent Yes
Graphene
[1] [1] [1]
[3] 10
Total 80
142
2019
Chemistry
Unit 2
Foundation Tier
[CODE]
SPECIMEN
MARK
SCHEME
143
1 (a) same general formula [1] AVAILABLE
show similar chemical properties [1] MARKS
show a gradation in physical properties [1]

differ by a CH2 group [1] max [3]
(b) (i) H H

H—C—C—H
H H [1]
propane [1]
C4H10 [1]
gas [1] [4]
(ii) ethane + oxygen → carbon monoxide + water

Correct reactants and arrow [1]
Correct products [1] [2]
(iii) molecule/compound containing carbon and hydrogen only [1]
(iv) crude oil [1]
(c) (i) weak acid [1]
(ii) green solid disappears [1]

effervescence/gas given off/fizzing/bubbles of gas [1]
heat given out [1]
blue solution forms [1] max [3]
(d) hydrogen [1]

apply a lighted splint [1]
popping sound [1] [3] 18
2 (a) liquid [1]

that conducts electricity [1]
and is decomposed by it [1] [3]
(b) A = anode [1] B = cathode [1] [2]
(c) positive ions moving to negative electrode [1]

negative ion moving to positive electrode [1] [2]
(d) graphite/carbon/platinum [1]
(e) unreactive/inert [1] (good) conductor of electricity [1] [2]
(f) B/cathode [1]
(g) bubbles [1]

green gas [1] [2] 13
144
AVAILABLE
3 (a) Production: zinc and hydrochloric acid in contact [1] MARKS
in a suitable container [1]

Delivery: delivery tube [1]
Collection: gas collected over water [1] [4]
(b) A fuel which produces no pollutants/is non-polluting on combustion [1]
(c)
breaking bonds requires energy [1]
making bonds releases energy [1]
more energy released than taken in [1] [3] 8
145
4 (a) (i) magnesium AVAILABLE
zinc MARKS
nickel
copper [1]
(ii) Mg + ZnCl2 → MgCl2 + Zn

Correct formula of reactants [1]
Correct formula of products [1] [2]
(b) Indicative content

• Raw Materials: Iron(III) oxide/haematite [1]
limestone/calcium carbonate [1]
coke/carbon [1]
hot air [1] Max [3]
• balanced equations: C + O2 → CO2 [2]

CO2 + C → 2CO [3]
Fe2O3 + 3CO → 2Fe + 3CO2 [3]
CaCO3 → CaO + CO2 [2]
CaO + SiO2 → CaSiO3 [2] Max [8]
• logical order of reactions [1] [1]
Band Response Mark

throughout to describe fully the extraction of iron from
iron ore (minimum of 11 marks from the indicative
content above) in a logical sequence, including three
A [9]–[12]
balanced equations. Relevant material is organised
with a high degree of clarity and coherence. They use
Candidates must use some appropriate specialist

terms to describe the extraction of iron from iron ore
(minimum of 6 marks from the indicative content
above) in a logical sequence, including two balanced
B [5]–[8]
equations. Relevant material is organised with some
clarity and coherence. They use good spelling,
punctuation and grammar and the form and style are
of a satisfactory standard.
Candidates describe the extraction of iron from iron

ore (minimum of 2 marks from the indicative content
above) which may not be in a logical sequence,
including one balanced equation. The organisation
C [1]–[4]
of material may lack clarity and coherence. They use
limited spelling, punctuation and grammar and they
have made little use of specialist terms. The form and
style are of a limited standard.

[12] 15
146
5 (a) (i) burette [1] AVAILABLE
conical flask [1] [2] MARKS
(ii) pipette or any other acceptable [1]
(b)
Indicator Colour in acid Colour in alkali
methyl orange red [1] yellow [1]
phenolphthalein colourless [1] pink [1]

[4]
(c)
(18.9 + 19.1)/2 = 19.0 [2]
(inclusion of rough) [1] [2] 9
6 (a) 76 s (allow 74 – 78) [1]

1
(b) [1] = 0.013 [1]
76

allow ecf from (a) (i) [2] 3
7 (a) (i)
nitrogen 21%
oxygen 78%
carbon dioxide 0.04%

[2]
(ii) 99.04 % [1]
(iii) 0.96 % [1]
(iv) water vapour [1], any noble gas [1] [2]
147
AVAILABLE
MARKS
(b) (i) reaction is reversible [1]
(ii) nitrogen gains hydrogen [1]

gain of hydrogen is reduction [1] [2]
(iii) 28 [1]
2 [1]
17 [1] [3]
(iv) 100% [1]
(v) (NH4)2 SO4 [1] 14
Total 80
148
2019
Chemistry
Unit 2
Higher Tier
[CODE]
SPECIMEN
MARK
SCHEME
149
1 (a) same general formula [1] AVAILABLE
show similar chemical properties [1] MARKS
show a gradation in physical properties [1]

differ by a CH2 group [1] max [3]
(b) (i) CH3CH2CH2COOH/ C3H7COOH [1]
(ii) H H H O

H—C—C—C—C
OH
H H H
[1]
(c) (i) CuCO3 + 2C3H7COOH → (C3H7COO)2Cu + CO2 + H2O

correct formula of products [1]
(ii) green solid [1] disappears [1]

effervescence/gas given off/fizzing/bubbles of gas [1]
heat given out [1]
blue solution forms [1] max [3]
(d) hydrogen [1]

apply a lighted splint [1]
popping sound [1] [3] 14
2 (a) mass of NH4NO3 = 2000 g [1]

Mr of NH4NO3 = 80
moles of NH4NO3 = 2000 ÷ 80 = 25 [1]
moles of N2O = 25 [1]
volume of N2O = 25 × 24 [1] = 600 [1] dm3 [1]
or volume of N2O = 25 × 24 000 [1] = 600 000 [1] cm3 [1] [6]
(b) (i) equal volumes of gases [1]

under the same conditions of temperature and pressure [1]
contain the same number of moles/molecules/particles [1] [3]
(ii) 70 × 2 [1] = 140 [1] cm3 [2]
(iii) 44 [1] × 100 = 44.9% [1] [3] 14

98 [1]
150
3 (a) liquid/solution [1] AVAILABLE
that conducts electricity [1] MARKS
and is decomposed by it [1] [3]
(b) A = anode [1] B = cathode [1] [2]
(c) graphite/carbon/platinum [1]
(d) unreactive/(good) conductor of electricity [1]
(e) B/cathode [1]
(f) green/green-yellow/yellow-green [1] gas produced/bubbles [1] [2]
–
(g) electrode A: 2Cl → Cl2 + 2e– [3]
-
Cl → Cl2 [1]
* + e- on RHS (+ e- on LHS) [1]
electrode B: Li+ + e– → Li [2]

+
Li → Li [1]
*
+ e- on LHS (or - e- on RHS) [1]
[2] 15
4 (a) Production: zinc and hydrochloric acid in contact [1]

in a suitable container [1]
Delivery: delivery tube [1]
Collection: gas collected over water [1] [4]
(b) a fuel which produces no pollutants/is non-polluting on combustion [1]
(c) (i) energy required to break bonds: (2 × 436) + 498 = 1370 [1]
energy released on formation of new bonds: 4 × 464 = 1856 [1]
energy change: 1370–1856 = –486kJ [1] [3]
(ii) axes correctly labelled [1]

activation energy correctly labelled [1]
products at a lower energy level than reactants [1] [3] 11
5 (a) (i) magnesium

zinc
nickel
copper [1]
(ii) magnesium (atom) loses electrons [1]

oxidation is loss of electrons [1] [2]
(b) (i) electrolysis [1]
(ii) bauxite [1]

151
(c) Indicative content AVAILABLE
• raw Materials: Iron(III) oxide/haematite [1] MARKS
limestone/calcium carbonate [1]

coke/carbon [1]
hot air [1] max [3]
• balanced equations: C + O2 → CO2 [2]

CO2 + C → 2CO [3]
Fe2O3 + 3CO → 2Fe + 3CO2 [3]
CaCO3 → CaO + CO2 [2]
CaO + SiO2 → CaSiO3 [2] max [8]
• logical order of reactions [1] [1]
Band Response Mark

throughout to describe fully the extraction of iron from
iron ore (minimum of 11 marks from the indicative
content above) in a logical sequence, including three
A [9]–[12]
balanced equations. Relevant material is organised
with a high degree of clarity and coherence. They
use excellent spelling, punctuation and grammar and
the form and style are of a very high standard.
Candidates must use some appropriate specialist

terms to describe the extraction of iron from iron ore
(minimum of 6 marks from the indicative content
above) in a logical sequence, including two balanced
B [5]–[8]
equations. Relevant material is organised with some
clarity and coherence. They use good spelling,
Candidates describe the extraction of iron from iron

ore (minimum of 2 marks from the indicative content
above) which may not be in a logical sequence,
including one balanced equation. The organisation
C [1]–[4]
of material may lack clarity and coherence. They use
limited spelling, punctuation and grammar and they
have made little use of specialist terms. The form
and style are of a limited standard.

D
Response not worthy of credit. [0] [12]
(d) (i) uses plants [1] to absorb metal compounds

the plants are harvested and then burned to produce ash that
contains the metal compounds [1]
metal (e.g. copper) can be obtained from these solutions by
displacement [1] (using, e.g: iron) [3]
(ii) avoids traditional mining methods of digging, moving and

disposing of large amounts of rocks [1] 21
152
6 (a) (i) Haber process [1] AVAILABLE
MARKS
(ii) N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3

correct formulae of products [1]
(iii)
Name of catalyst Iron [1]
Temperature used (°C) 450 °C[1]
Pressure used (atm) 200atm [1]

[3]
(b) If a change is made to the conditions of an equilibrium system [1]

then the position of equilibrium moves to oppose the charge [1] [2]
(c) (i) R [1]
(ii) S [1]
(iii) R [1]
(iv) P [1]
(v) Q [1]
7 (a) (i) 76 s (allow 74 – 78) [1]

1
(ii) [1] = 0.013 [1] 14
76

allow ecf from (a) (i) [2]
(b) (i) D [1]

powder gives a faster reaction/steeper slope [1]
finishes at same gas volume [1] [2]
(ii) B [1]
(iii) A [1]
half mass used so half volume produced/less gas produced [1] [1]
(c) cobalt nitrate [1]

shortest time/fastest reaction [1] 11
Total 100
153
BLANK PAGE
154
2019
Chemistry
Practical Booklet A
Foundation Tier
[CODE]
SPECIMEN
MARK
SCHEME
155
AVAILABLE
MARKS
1 (a) (i) blue [1] solid/crystals [1] [2]
(ii) blue-green flame [1]
(iii) blue [1]

solution [1] [2]
(iv) blue [1] ppt [1] [2]
(v) white [1] ppt [1] [2]
(b) (i) green [1]

solid/powder [1] [2]
(ii) No [1]
(iii) bubbles [1] 15

solid disappears [1]
blue solution forms [1] [3]
2 (a)
Colour of red Colour of blue
Solution
litmus paper litmus paper
hydrochloric acid red red
sodium hydroxide
blue blue
solution
[4]

(b) (i) [1] for each correct column including calculation of titre from
initial and final burette values
[1] for rough titre being a greater value than the two accurate
titre values
[1] for the two accurate titres being within 0.3 cm3 of each other [5]
(ii) pink to colourless [2]

wrong way round [1] [2]
(iii) correct calculation of average titre from two accurate values [1]
use of rough = [1] [2]
(c) (i) any temperature, with units in room temperature range [1]
(ii) a higher temperature than (i) [1]

no units/incorrect units [0] 15
Total 30
156
2019
Chemistry
Practical Booklet A
Higher Tier
[CODE]
SPECIMEN
MARK
SCHEME
157
AVAILABLE
MARKS
1 (a) blue [1] solid/crystals [1] [2]
(b) blue-green flame [1]
(c) blue [1]

solution [1] [2]
(d) (i) blue [1] ppt [1]

does not redissolve in excess [1] [3]
(ii) blue [1] ppt [1]

redissolves in excess to form a deep blue solution [1] [3]
(iii) white [1] ppt [1] [2]
(e) Any two from:

• changes to white [1]
• crackling [1]
• condensation/colourless liquid on sides of boiling tube [1]
• crystals change to powder [1] [2] 15
2 (a)
Colour with universal
Solution pH
indicator paper
hydrochloric acid red 0–2
sodium hydroxide
dark blue/purple 12–14
solution
[4]
(b) (i) [1] for each correct column including calculation of titre from
initial and final burette values
[1] for rough titre being a greater value than the two accurate
titre values
[1] for the two accurate titres being within 0.3 cm3 of each other [5]
(ii) pink to colourless [2]

wrong way round [1] [2]
(iii) correct calculation of average titre from two accurate values

use of rough = [1] [2]
(c) (i) any temperature, with units in room temperature range [1]
(ii) a higher temperature than (i) penalise no units/incorrect units [1] 15
Total 30
158
2019
Chemistry
Practical Booklet B
Foundation Tier
[CODE]
SPECIMEN
MARK
SCHEME
159
1 (a) Indicative content: AVAILABLE
• pipette MARKS
• safety pipette filler

• rinse pipette with metal carbonate solution
• bottom of meniscus on line
• release into conical flask
• touch pipette on surface of the liquid
Band Response Mark

fully describe the use of the pipette [5–6 indicative
content points]. Relevant material is organised with a
A [5]–[6]

to describe the use of the pipette [3–4 indicative
content points]. Relevant material is organised with
B [3]–[4]
some clarity and coherence. They use good spelling,
Candidates describe how to use a pipette in a

limited way [at least 2 indicative content points].
The organisation of material may lack clarity and
C [1]–[2]
coherence. They use limited spelling, punctuation and
grammar and they have limited use of specialist terms.
The form and style are of limited standard.
[6]
(b) K2SO4 [1]
(c) (i) as temperature increases solubility increases [1]
(ii) 7.4 (g) [1]
(iii) 1.8 (g) [1]
(iv) 16.5 (g) ± 0.2 [1]
(v) colourless [1]
(vi) lead sulfate or barium sulfate or calcium sulfate [1] 13
160
AVAILABLE
2 (a) (i) heat and weigh [1] MARKS
repeat until mass does not change [1] [2]
(ii) evaporating basin with solid in it [1]

on gauze on tripod [1]
heat/Bunsen burner [1] [3]
(b) (i) 5.26 g [1]
(ii) 2.16 g [1]
(iii) % = (2.16 ÷5.26) × 100 = 41%

[2] (award [1] for correct calculation based on using 3.1 g
as mass of nickel sulfate) [2]
(iv) 155 [1]
(v) 3.1 g [1]
(vi) 3.1 ÷ 155 = 0.02 moles [1] [1] 12
3 (a) (i) Zn + H2SO4 → ZnSO4 + H2

correct formula of reactants [1]
correct formula of products [1] [2]
(ii) bubbles/fizzing [1]

colourless solution forms [1]
Zn disappears [1]
heat released [1] max [2]
(b) (i) measuring cylinder [1]
(ii) solid remains/no more bubbles [1]
(iii) filter paper [1]

filter funnel [1]
evaporating basin [1]
marks are for labels on appropriately drawn apparatus [3]
(iv) to retain water of crystallisation [1]
(v) solubility decreases [1]
(vi) Any two from:

• between filter paper
• in a low temperature oven
• in a desiccator [2]
(vii) ZnCO3 + H2SO4 → ZnSO4 + CO2 + H2O

161
AVAILABLE
(viii) sodium hydroxide/ammonia [1] (solution) MARKS
white [1] ppt [1] [3] 18
4 (a) MnO2 [1]
(b) (i) reaction vessel containing hydrogen peroxide

and manganese(VI) oxide [1]
delivery tube [1]
gas syringe [1]
stopwatch/timer [1] max [3]
(ii) 96 cm3 [1] 8
(iii) 112 ± 2 s [1]
(iv) 48 cm3 [1]

24 ± 2 s [1] [2]
5 (a) (i) bung/cork [1]
(ii) delivery tube [1]
(iii) test tube [1] [3]
(b) white solid [1] disappears [1] 9

fizzing [1]
colourless solution [1] max [3]
(c) limewater [1]

colourless [1] milky [1] [3]
6 (a) (i) orange [1] to colourless [1] [2]

solid disappears [1] [2]
(b) (i) C3H6 [1]
(ii) propene [1]
(iii) gas [1]
(c) C [1]
(d) carbon dioxide [1]

water [1] [2] 10
Total 70
162
2019
Chemistry
Practical Booklet B
Higher Tier
[CODE]
SPECIMEN
MARK
SCHEME
163
AVAILABLE
MARKS
1 (a) Indicative content:

• pipette
• safety pipette filler
• rinse pipette with metal carbonate solution
• bottom of meniscus on line
• release into conical flask
• touch pipette on surface of the liquid
Band Response Mark

fully describe the use of the pipette [5–6 indicative
content points]. Relevant material is organised with a
A [5]–[6]

to describe the use of the pipette [3–4 indicative
content points]. Relevant material is organised with
B [3]–[4]
some clarity and coherence. They use good spelling,
Candidates describe how to use a pipette in a

limited way [at least 2 indicative content points].
The organisation of material may lack clarity and
C [1]–[2]
coherence. They use limited spelling, punctuation and
grammar and they have limited use of specialist terms.
The form and style are of limited standard.

[6]

19.9 × 0.2
(b) (i) moles = = [1] = 0.00398 [1] [2]
1000
0.00398
(ii) ratio 1 M2CO3 : 2HCl/ [1] = 0.00199 [1] [2]
2
0.00199 × 1000
(iii) /multiply by 40 [1] = 0.0796 [1] [2]
25
10.98
(iv) [1] = 138 [1] [2]
0.0796
(v) 2M = 138 – 60 = 78
relative atomic mass of M = 39 [1]
identity of M = potassium/K [1] [2] 16
164
AVAILABLE
MARKS
2 (a) (i) heat and weigh [1]

repeat until mass does not change [1] [2]
(ii) evaporating basin with solid in it [1]

on gauze on tripod [1]
heat/Bunsen burner [1] [3]
(b) mass of anhydrous nickel sulfate = 3.1 g [1]

mass of water = 2.16 g [1]
moles of anhydrous nickel sulfate = 3.1 ÷ 155 [1] = 0.02 [1]
moles of water = 2.16 ÷ 18 [1] = 0.12 [1]
0.12 ÷ 0.02 = 6 [1] [7]
(c) dissolve in water [1]

add barium chloride [1] solution
white [1] ppt [1] [4] 16
3 (a) (i) Zn + H2SO4 → ZnSO4 + H2


colourless solution forms [1]
Zn disappears [1]
heat released [1] max [2]
(b) (i) measuring cylinder [1]
(ii) solid remains/no more bubbles [1]
(iii) filter paper [1]

filter funnel [1]
evaporating basin [1]
marks are for labels on appropriately drawn apparatus [3]
(iv) to retain water of crystallisation [1]
(v) solubility decreases [1]
(vi) Any two from:

• between filter paper
• in a low temperature oven
• in a desiccator [2]
(vii) ZnCO3 + H2SO4 → ZnSO4 + CO2 + H2O

(viii) sodium hydroxide/ammonia [1] solution

white [1] ppt [1] [3] 18
165
AVAILABLE
MARKS
4 (a) MnO2 [1]
(b) (i) reaction vessel containing hydrogen peroxide

and manganese(VI) oxide [1]
delivery tube [1]
gas syringe [1]
stopwatch/timer [1] max [3]
(ii) 96 cm3 [1]
(iii) 112 ± 2 s [1]
(iv) 48 cm3 [1]

24 ± 2 s [1] [2] 8
5 (a) (i) red-brown/orange [1] to colourless [1] [2]
(ii) orange [1] to green [1] [2]
(iii) bubbles/fizzing [1]

solid disappears [1] [2]
(b) (i) C3H6 [1]
(ii) propene [1]
(iii) gas [1]
(c) C [1]
(d) carbon dioxide [1]

water [1] [2] 12
Total 70
166
© CCEA 2017

Revised GCSE CHEM REVISED Specimen Assessment Materials 21090 PDF

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Revised GCSE CHEM REVISED Specimen Assessment Materials 21090 PDF

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

GCSE

CCEA GCSE Specimen

For first teaching from September 2017

Unit 1: Foundation Tier 3

Mark Schemes 125

General Marking Instructions 127

A CCEA Publication © 2017

You may download further copies of this publication from www.ccea.org.uk

General Certificate of Secondary Education

The total mark for this paper is 60. Question Marks

blue-green green lilac yellow

sodium ion [3]

Use only the elements shown above to answer the following

(a) Name one non-metal which is a solid at room temperature and

(b) Name two diatomic elements.

(d) Name two transition metals.

(e) Name the most reactive element in Group 1.

(a) What is meant by the term compound?

(b) When calcium carbonate is heated, it thermally decomposes as shown

CaCO3 → CaO + CO2

(i) Calculate the relative formula masses of calcium carbonate and

(ii) Calculate the number of moles present in 250 g of calcium

Moles of calcium carbonate = [1]

(iii) Heating 250 g of calcium carbonate should produce a theoretical

Percentage yield = % [1]

Type of fish pH range Acid/alkali Strong/weak

Brown trout 3.5 – 4.5

Orange sea perch 8.1 – 9.4

Tiger barb 6.0 – 6.5

(b) Fish produce ammonia in their waste products. A build-up of ammonia

1. Dissolve a spatula measure Colourless solution formed.

2. Add 5 drops of silver nitrate

alkali metal halogen

(a) Describe the test for chlorine gas.

(b) All halogens react with alkali metals to produce a salt.

(i) Explain, in terms of electronic structure, why the halogens

lithium atom fluorine atom

Explain why atoms, such as those shown above are electrically

magnesium oxide sulfur dioxide calcium chloride

carbon dioxide methane sodium iodide

• physical properties including melting point and density

• chemical properties including relative reactivity with water and the

Relative atomic mass = [2]

(b) Carbon burns in air to produce carbon dioxide.

Complete the table below.

Dot and cross diagram showing Number of lone pairs

(c) Graphene is an allotrope of carbon.

(i) Name two other allotropes of carbon.

Type of Type of Does it conduct

(iii) State one use for graphene.

General Certificate of Secondary Education

INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES

(iii) State the approximate radius of the nucleus of a gold atom.

(i) Explain in terms of structure why an alloy is harder than a pure

(ii) White gold is a 21 carat alloy of gold used in jewellery.

Calculate the percentage of gold in this alloy.

Write a balanced symbol equation for this reaction.

(a) What is meant by the term compound?

(b) When calcium carbonate is heated, it thermally decomposes as shown

CaCO3 → CaO + CO2

(i) Describe a chemical test to prove that carbon dioxide gas is

(ii) Calculate the mass of calcium oxide, in grams, which is produced

Moles of calcium oxide = g [4]