AGGREGATE

Aggregate is a broad category of coarse particulate material used in construction, including

sand, gravel, crushed stone, slag, and recycled concrete. Aggregates are a component of
composite materials such as concrete and asphalt concrete; the aggregate serves as reinforcement
to add strength to the overall composite material. Aggregates are also used as base material under
foundations, roads, and railroads. To put it another way, aggregates are used as a stable
foundation or road/rail base with predictable, uniform properties (e.g. to help prevent differential
settling under the road or building), or as a low-cost extender that binds with more expensive
cement or asphalt to form concrete.
The American Society for Testing and Materials publishes an exhaustive listing of
specifications for various construction aggregate products, which, by their individual design, are
suitable for specific construction purposes. These products include specific types of coarse and
fine aggregate designed for such uses as additives to asphalt and concrete mixes, as well as other
construction uses. State transportation departments further refine aggregate material
specifications in order to tailor aggregate use to the needs and available supply in their particular
locations.
Sources for these basic materials can be grouped into three main areas: Mining of mineral
aggregate deposits, including sand, gravel, and stone; use of waste slag from the manufacture of
iron and steel; and recycling of concrete, which is itself chiefly manufactured from mineral
aggregates. In addition, there are some (minor) materials that are used as specialty lightweight
aggregates: clay, pumice, perlite, and vermiculite.
Meanings:
Additives > kb. bahan tambahan
Aggregate > kb. agregat
Asphalt > kb. Aspal
 kkt. mengaspal
clay > kb. tanah liat/pekat, lempung
coarse > ks. kasar
crushed > ks. hancur
deposits > kb. lapisan
gravel > kb. (batu) kerikil
perlite > kb. perlit
pumice > kb. batu apung
slag > kb. terak, ampas bijih
tailor > kkt; menyesuaikan
vermiculite > kb. vermikulit

Explanation on the Structure / Grammar Used

1. Jika ada a noun ( a noun phrase) yang diikuti oleh a past participle (Verb 3), ini berarti
“noun (noun phrase) which is Verb 3 ( .... yang di/ter- ...).
Pelajari contoh-contoh berikut ini:
 Aggregate is a broad category of coarse particulate material used (which is used = yang
digunakan) in construction, including sand, gravel, crushed stone, slag, and recycled
concrete.
 These products include specific types of coarse and fine aggregate designed (which are
designed = yang dirancang) for such uses as additives to asphalt and concrete mixes, as
well as other construction uses.
2. Jika ada a noun ( a noun phrase) yang didahului/diterangkan oleh a past participle (Verb 3),
ini berarti “a noun (a noun phrase) which is Verb 3.
Pelajari contoh-contoh berikut ini:
 recycled concrete (concrete which is recycled)
 renovated houses (houses which are renovated)
3. “Be (is/am/are and was/were)” yang diikuti oleh a past participle (Verb 3) berarti “passive
voice” yang biasanya diterjemahkan dengan .... di/ter .....
Pelajari contoh-contoh berikut ini:
 Aggregates are also used ( agregat juga digunakan) as base material under foundations,
roads, and railroads.
 Sources for these basic materials can be grouped (sumber untuk bahan dasar ini bisa
dikelompokkan) into three main areas: Mining of mineral aggregate deposits, including
sand, gravel, and stone; use of waste slag from the manufacture of iron and steel; and
recycling of concrete, which is itself chiefly manufactured from mineral aggregates.
4. “including” (termasuk) berarti kata yang mengikutinya merupakan contoh dari kata
sebelumnya.
Pelajari contoh-contoh berikut ini:
 Aggregate is a broad category of coarse particulate material used in construction,
including sand, gravel, crushed stone, slag, and recycled concrete. Hal ini berarti kata-
kata: sand, gravel, crushed stone, slag, dan recycled concrete merupakan contoh dari
“coarse particulate material”.
 Mining of mineral aggregate deposits, including sand, gravel, and stone; use of waste slag
from the manufacture of iron and steel; and recycling of concrete, which is itself chiefly
manufactured from mineral aggregates. Dalam kalimat di atas, kata-kata: sand, gravel,
and stone merupakan contoh dari “ deposits”.
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Exercises:
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A. Answer the following questions based on the text above (try to use your own words as
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many as possible) :
1. What is the main idea of the first paragraph ?
2. What is “aggregate” ?
3. What is the function of “aggregate” ?
4. What are kinds of “aggregate” ?
5. What do “sand, gravel, crushed stone, slag, and recycled concrete” belong to ?
6. Give examples of “composite materials” ?
7. What does the word “it” in the fifth line of the first paragraph (To put it another way,
aggregates are used as a stable foundation or road/rail base with predictable, uniform
properties (e.g. to help prevent differential settling under the road or building), or as a
low-cost extender that binds with more expensive cement or asphalt to form concrete)
refer to ?
8. What does “these products” in the third line of the second paragraph mean ?
9. What does the word “their” in the second line of the second paragraph (The American
Society for Testing and Materials publishes an exhaustive listing of specifications for
various construction aggregate products, which, by their individual design, are suitable
for specific construction purposes) refer to ?
 10. What does the word “their” in the sex line of the second paragraph (State
transportation departments further refine aggregate material specifications in order to
tailor aggregate use to the needs and available supply in their particular locations.)
refer to ?
11. What is the meaning of the word “exhaustive” (in thefirst line of the second
paragraph) and the word “various” (in thesecond line of the second paragraph) ?
12. What is the main idea of the second paragraph ?
B. Write “T” if the following statement is “True” and write “F” if it is “False” based on the
text above !
1. “mining of mineral aggregate deposits” is one of the kinds of sources for the basic
materials.
2. “sand and gravel” are examples of “mineral aggregate deposits” besides “stone”.
3. “use of waste slag from the manufacture of iron and steel” and “recycling of concrete”
are the kinds of sources for the basic materials.
4. “clay” belongs to aggregate.
C. Translate the following sentences into good Indonesian:
1. Aggregates are a component of composite materials such as concrete and asphalt
concrete; the aggregate serves as reinforcement to add strength to the overall
composite material.
2. These products include specific types of coarse and fine aggregate designed for such
uses as additives to asphalt and concrete mixes, as well as other construction uses.
3. Sources for these basic materials can be grouped into three main areas.

Jawaban

1. Agregat adalah komponen material komposit seperti beton dan beton aspal; agregat
berfungsi sebagai penguat untuk menambahkan kekuatan untuk keseluruhan material
komposit.
2. Produk - produk ini terdiri dari tipe yang spesifik dari agregat kasar dan halus yang
dirancang untuk penggunaan seperti aditif (bahan tambahan) untuk aspal dan campuran
beton, serta sebagai penggunaan untuk konstruksi lainnya.
3. Sumber untuk bahan – bahan dasar ini dapat dikelompokkan menjadi tiga bagian utama.