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Introduction

2.0 Historical background:


Though this course will delve in facade design of current
modern buildings it would give us better insight on the whole discipline if we trace the origin
of modern facade design from late nineteenth century onwards. Late nineteenth century was
the time when industrial revolution had progressed to an extent that it had changed the
economic and social structure of of developing western countires. The Architecture of the
period began reflecting these changes owing to technological and aesthetic reasons.
By late nineteenth century use of
steel structural members had
become common in building
structures like industrial buildings. It
was not long before the Architects
realised that window framing can be
done using steel members, instead of
wooden members. Use of steel
members in building construction like
columns, in lieu of stone and
masonary, led to new aesthetic
Keddlestone Hall, United Kingdom ( late 1700 AD). Example of themes involving minimalistic
facade treatment of Pre-Industrial era buildings having appearance of columns and beams,
abundance of ornate features. devoid of intricate decorative
ornamentation that was in vogue
earlier. The minimalistic appearance
progressed to other Architectural
features like windows, wall cladding,
railings etc. The relatively minimalist
appearance initially evoked mixed
reactions from critics, however in
subsequent years it started getting
acceptance from critics as well as
Industrial era building (early 1900 AD). Note the reduction in
public.
ornate facade features as compared to Keddleston Hall
mentioned above. Evolution of windows below (Left to right):

Tudor style window (1500 AD). Neo-classical (1650 AD). Chicago style Bay-window (1900 AD).

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