ENGINEERING

HYDROLOGY

,, Thirdyear,,

Building
andConstruction
Engineerint
Department
University
of Technology
By

Dr. AQEETAl-ADtLl
ENGINEERING
HYDROLOGY

" Thirdyear "

Building
andConstruction
Engineering
Department

University
of Technology
By

Dr. AQEETAl-ADlLl
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I Tableof Contents
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Subjects
I Chapterofe ln(oducrion.
I Chapteri\ o. wearler&H)drolog).
6
I Chaptertuee:Pecipit iion.
C h a p l efro ! r S r e m I l o q .

I C h a p L ef ir, e F ! a p u m t l o n .
Chaplersil: Subsurface
Warer.
I Chaltr se\en. StrermF ow Hldrog/ap|s.

I nne: H)'drologic
Chaprer
Precipitation
Clapler eighr RelationbenveeD
Routlig.
I ten Reraons.
Chaprer
C h a p F re l e \ e n P r o b d b i l i it ny l I ) d r o l o $ .
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Chaplefone
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Introduction I
x dnrlbuliotr) andchcnical
HydFloqv s 'on(mcd " dr L\c oilin (@cutreDcc,.irculalio.
Gh-ia---i prop(Lisot qr.ron c!n,

Engine€rins hvdroloqv: h con@ncd

"p;ri"";a;t;-t"g
*i$ rheficldp.nntm r0 pLlnning
pE" "l,icl,iss$cni.lroth" sd
coirtol rs..frarer
dcsigDud
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Ihe hvdfolo{ical cYcle r r rll shcd si$ drch)drololic.r_rlc
l:i3!r.1l-l)Dvolrcs: EvxpomlL.r P t c i p i l d i o n ,l n f i l r n L i o nl c, t c r [ i o n ,
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Catilb4 . IincEcplion , md lotdlo\y
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dt.,riDi.:"t ! tliti .l:.:s.i n:rl
i ! ! \ r . n r s . l l l o o Jr i J J t u u l h l \ r L
r : r , . r r l : r J i t r j J J r . . j . r t ri k . U r n \ :itu bli i . ..,Lr.i: t:, rlt ur.r .rtr I
\ i!., nrr I .
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nr.l,rrr t,
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I Chapter t\\,o
Wcather&Ilvdrologv
I Thchydrololicchirtrocrisrics
(i)itgcololy lb):i.srphy
n daidcdby :
oir rc8jon
G)dinrE

I CIimale
rrd dnu blricDoap,ccip:r on
i::;;i;r
I i: occurciccor'rio\! rid i.c.
on$.poErs|ntr1ionmd nto\ Dtrlr
l' ltecffcc$ oflind.lcinpcm.urc,huDridny

I 2 - Tcnocraturc
\r:l. !!lJ "rr !J!!l re an i nd. nr'i\
lt.rn rcoDc.rlurc: isIMrlcras. olrndinunr uirnn'nl
I iNor.rrl lcninc.rrurc:
i.fiPfrlurcs.
n 1[c rrcrase lor, paniculrdda $ nrri
i {hole olcrr sPcc:fi.30
tason
}'ir
o: Iorllc r.:rrs
I p.ii.d(l9il'19!0 6 oll98l) sn. rlrc.omr:l
slaiuldbc ciintrtc cvcrydecrdcrclicclr! thr
lji l0tcas.
I I'lcrsurenrcnt
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of lcdpdarure
lorhc trol1hr
I I.r,D. isilcrsur.d !) iluioiri.l" ilNputiiaL{r.p.n.d
pturatd iron rt.ifltllotr, anci(uliion od dtcdsuiligia.scc Fig (l l)

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TiNe va ationof tenperalures
Dail] veiaiion.honlhly !daloD,
c=sDo l4 K=C+43
'ir..'li'
ti;,'-E
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:\
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lMporaiion (vaponalion)= ljouid + ya@r
Wnh higbcrleniloraluE,tirelic encre/ ofnolecules i,rcrcdcsr1c su li.r l.trsio.
dsaeAcsoclaponnonincrrcs In nrdco.losv.solid(iccl+ upd ls lrllcd
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Sublimitionvxpo!+ liauidis callcdCond$sation.lc- liqridn -llcd!'usion.
vapor prc$d n lhc pdial l8ssuE sened by walcrlapor
\ ' ' r - h l , - o u r o ' \ t r f l . . t o . f o r . - ic, n' F m . r'd,. .\. rp ..'
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nch ! c h u n i d i t x I=c/q
^
lh'r"1.;<
- ,, L .Whcrc
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c = a.n€l
al
va!.r trcsue sd ., = saluatedupor pRssu,t. -l
-. "r,rc
r l r e anl ' v a s g g g g g g g g i t," ..t...,1 ./ .",2
. lsllcdoutrtofhd absorbcd by aunit 'ras of:slbsbca. sid,outchargeiir |
lc pcdurc, in p singlioD ltqlid 10uei Ilc che-qcfmn reporio liquid r.lcacs e
cquivolcnl Moult olhcar

t t , = 2 . 5 0 0 0 1 1 6 T - . . _ . . . - - . - - - . _ (_2. .t .)
F.l d,.dj

v:ierla+:?'
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l l, : hcai ofupona"iio' of \!i{ (lijlojduld/!r.D I
llrc abolc cqudioniss.d !il ro.10!c

l-atehthealoffosion
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Dcrt required10coDrLnoncsnnr oficcro liquidsalct
0.1r7(kjt): I g'an or \2tq 3t O"c Lo icc 1tlhis lcD1FcLltrr. I
Lalenl heft of NbJiinalion
Ir lhcmouni ollrcrl EqL;.J to co'\cn onclnD ol:.. rro,tr|r,
lcnrpcnrurc = ?.iJ3lij/:r{rL0'.r
rilhoui p6singrbro!rlr liquid s1nlc
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Snccific!r.!i{! ofuder !.po.::0.622 Linls rhrrotdrr ur rir rc
d prssurc.lhcdcnsnlolur.f \ lplr p, {-vcnr,)is:
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I T: r5iiilc lcmpcnlu in {lillri .li) -.
R" : sticilic gs coBtmr lbr dr, lir = :.S7 - lir'.n i'k'
o:\rl)orlT.surcin(lpa),

I ThedeDsiry ordrj airpl (s/cnr)js:

pl=l0(r./&T) --------- (2-r)

I \ncrjat prcsurcin(kpa)

Deislivofnroisiairo.
I ; = " i r r . r P . r t - d ' " = r 0 a P d r R "-r-J- ( z ! l

t r t n s c P , : p n $ m o i D o i s t a i rr D d . i s f i s \ r P o r p r c $ u r '

I p" = pJr 0,= r0 (P.- r)/&T+6.22 (c/RrT )

p.-10q(r
= 1 0 r . / R r T 1 0{ r ' & T + 6 . 7cr/ q T
0.3?sd/P.)/RgT--_--- ---\7fJ ) str'e
. r . " r ..,.i . . . . p
I - ' r " . . ( r - i 7 r + l <\ ' " -
!I!d
I virh hci3lrl
Ti,crftiariorofvelociry

I Lav '...--

n : Ndr rlind sied for al l6t fcv lrnrul* al Lcigh z abovcdresround

- ..-.(25)

I l,: \'or( nro conslim- 0.1

- tuuri,,rs l.nl r=ltichr GeeTrbrt: l)
.".r Il p"-or: t r.

I of LoushmslcDsth4rd
T3b:Bi1.l)R.ptoscnlrtireralues iictiox rdo'iry

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Ttrbl(2.1)gn$ \rL!csolli.
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3r1000 . D.s.0.,
ricndcsccnds
to ia ongi.dctcvarion
_AssuDnrg
tLara ds oll5O1) rrodoccs
r r . i n r d t l . , r { i o i d d $ d l . A . r - , c o . d o - i d l D _ r c . .i D
.r...or I Lt. .,.
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- J d i t r b d n\.l J L s L l c l i n r l r . n r l c m r d o( t L t , c p r c c t "

/ li) \\fhI i ihc hd of yaponarion , in kilojoulcs rer sm , tor Mlcr d (r) 3"c dd {bl :0.c.
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- 1.1)wlldt i! rlr dcnsny, in( lg/nr) of (a) dry an d 20 .c od a pLcssurc
airwnhrcl.rirchuidny of 70%ar$e smc leDrpcdrc edprc5suc.
of I 1)0tF . dd (b) Drisr I
Li) AsDnir! dLydd $ct - bult renpcnlurcs
krr. md rsi,igthc.rsr.hrcnrcric
ol t6 md I t !c, rcsp.dncly,ari Desureolt0t
hblcsin drAppcndir, dclcminc(,) dcwp.inr cnpodR j {ir)
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d:livc huiicnl . (c) sntudlionupor prc$fo ed (dJactualrapor prcsurc in rta

?,1llfl.\ manylilojoulesdc rcquircd

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l.8lile^ of*?rft.1 l5'c ? Hos Da:r-
io evlporatc
, ..,3 ore.'.10' oe.L I do ' . ,
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:r.l2lfio! iiii) kilojoulcs po squecneLqac rcquircd
(alo Dcll:10tnr:dqoiic. riis
nciiicgr: yoao9all0'cad(b)tocvapomrcCicrcsullin8nchlrdcrwirholrLni.!il,
, . r . 0 1o " . : s r * t .1 t
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l.ll) A 1o!r :'t.froincl.rsho\rs a{ind spccdof 20tu/sar I00n.bovc 1jtr!i!!n!. rhr is ri:
csii,ndl:J!t..d , iD nr/s,l0N abovcthc grorid iidi.rbdby rc povs lo\vpiolilc i t::r.:l::r
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l o . . x r . o . n l L . 1 1 r )1 . / 7
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r n dl b ) l / 5 .

r . | l ! , . . r r ' n d \ p c c d o r ) n v s J r r1abo\rrh. gmlndandi rotrlirD.ss

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iD(n )rr 0.j
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I Chaplerthree

I Prccipitation
llrilrrks :
I . i i l c h i . f e u i e o i i n o k r u r c i surcNipordron
1 ! r:llhir br rjqs oh.n *en nroit:irlu!D.c
liomoccri surt.cs.
ordccjjjnarcoI; 4joD

I t. r!'cnnlionard ncezirrg
nuclei ')-"
I - \!! ! d!,c^ s,r Iud En:c

1ftobdd.iLdci
n r.;.",u"ii,.i,o1o
uull, a.sii ott:oiuc6 of cotubtrniod.

" D o , o ! Li .. . . . . . \ , . _ . . p , a o . d ( r .o., D
l : 1 : " uprorNur 0"c.
..Drl'.nrur.
I 5 r l \ t r i o d i d c , A g L h s r n u c t o i n g i t r c sl ohl d o a a b o u r

I )r:rle, Rah. ctzc , Snow, ]]]art

, Shol

I I,ilislteoenr
I : :b
of prcipiratio!
.. . -( , u c dr o r .
Dj o r o i , or , - ; " : . _ d :
-d :. ., ; ."" _
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lr.iJrdisli!.
'Ii:c.usn.! :l.t :20locnindi&nc{.r
--o - -,i, ".r., ..,. _,
lJbEtrisnrcronh$e crcsssc,ijonrlemoadc corc.i.rs. j iiirr

I .r -r ,rbunn-! luirc. Il Dcaurcs10!r nc.u( l).25nD

'fir..rcrflowcJl]
h fo. Deau i! ios,
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- r.i;.r-;-1.
(Ji:iirirg
r J - r . I c bbucre
r.t.: g
r.t, /rn. pi,,on =:r! . rl)r)
r r t Fjs.
r F i ;(l2)
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si!c
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rh iidu irlont lrnoru(itrcr,omDl mtionoh;i;
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..:r

r,.=lrh,".*\," * 1 ) -2.;t-."
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\luhiplclii6 rrsrAii.n rill yicld

Pr -r- linf.+ b!l,r + b.lc

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rcdrtul.td dnul d $doml prcipitalionvnh lre @nc!ftnlaeumutardlzlrcs
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5233sar a sarion indil* a som
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cninai3dbv rs 6D_Qrne so
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F.l roSO
!6 Tlie annu, pi.cipna o! d slaliont and $' avcE:3
st;rons d. 2s 5holn in $e folioq in! r2oj3'
anDualprccipir2riord lj sudoDndtn!
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2,5 Bilhdn\ inlall 'hs{i4tion

The Sl forn of the fomlra i6

(2.1)
d= 1214xld(P
haredchmged urort-
whert P = depthof ntn in dn' ud 3 od I
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wd t' ou".v oltna,tuk at Hv.)rot;s)

Check fion OxJord.! fisure!: fron Iigure

2.8 the lo-year frcquencyfor 60-
nhutq dunion irdicacs2l nr in I
F = 0 . 8 8 ? =O A Sx 2 1 =

,qra8einknsir'giLhmcreae in "*. _ _,, ,i7.0*

ly l:i,:'." l,
*T, -1i1",.d
lf..,-i in volhe of dF FloodsrudiesRcport[r3l u;
uoseqlenflr tl4l. -Lsing mo,eex,.ns\e ddr, d,e we,e,v.rable ro
f u d t e r l o r e a b o u .l , j . o t i . c di n \ r , . . Hoitznd.
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FEte2.jo Deptharet.uy., of ruihfatl

mdy poi.t mlues ro give an ave.as.rainfall deptn over a cerraina,ea.

Thc
rnplest way of doins 1his is to rake rne aithmericat nean of .he anoDnls
known lnr aI poinls in ure eea. If the dislributionof suchpoinls overrhe trea
t !rrlorh and'1ewri,non r rheInoiqJLatg,Lse!amobtsae nor ldrge.rhfl
rhjsmerhodgve, reasonabtyFood rerutE,
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d.*hFd ; Lr, r",. "r q*N" r

su!]] l fuNh, eNlLr |ol llre IJ5 o(t h Thc Ndh{bidl. ui cl,

f! = 0 345t* el(rrori,t

/f.
 Enqineinq
Hydrotosy

r. = vnd vdodry in 'nb d ! heish'o

4 = .ursdili nqn qH vn- (or i5 quilrar rn h*r quavl

,Rs- nd iont , lb! snh,3 sd ee.

ri 194! Psoo Ul e@fded i 6e

,pP''"'.""

rI. a#!| Mprt Duids se rroursor daylLshrhqe is I rnft o, nd!

sbesgi]tihtLularolnbyruot,lLd

kdl'?-ltroormnll]pqsjbr:lb

x. =na(o.r3
+0.5r//r)
Md qude (trbdr (oi viljrir. !sr)
rc =,r^a.r:+0.54,rr)
ed rrastr (ru Gsra, ^sddtul

(!/, = 0),du' :0 !' 6r oimrtrr

 EHpoirrion
andrnftp nriof,

i.9
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i

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:i t

't!
r;
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 44 Cnsinerin!
Hyd,ohsy
bsqhd, rh6 (ri' soulhm Eryhid)
rr =n.(r r=Ra(r r(0.4 r o.55,rrr)

,Rs=or,.(0i7 oinJ"Xo:o+oso./r)

- xr(o r3 +0.f3/D)0 006) ,rj

, = x ^ ( 0 . 1 3 + 0 $ , . / r l ( r .o % ) ( r r r . 4 i , 0 |
7:(0.17 0.m7\,/?) (0.rr0+ 0 mtr/r)

drc a = h!! 4riribl! ri, *:ed

r- ndsc hh{rorrlr qlrr m$(rhrr,nonFl

or ihe drioin{r (icedie xdklt( @,
yoy&lsi4l.d!I,t!$o*eq!,.1L
$'"'dd.".'.'.t,".,f"*,*-*n]

L"-cte; ")fa)
!i smd b. 4irurd ir ir d sn

dmahnrc urburhu), i]t mN beris eftnd by cl a). dredru

{
 lvaronrion.rd
Traspi'arion

. =!L"

No{din.r.,j,by$brirtrd'.sris4 .={a; e3t^

rhts ts rc6md1. $$ il L5nod *ry f1r fton I

(:r.5)
I 11 !!.:!

@
 !2 =:L I

*lNntror (n' ends rlnt ir ,r" hyFLrr4ur

r +llllr) l!" 'j

rL .; . I

,;J
7:)
t1::tE.

q r.q*'m r.: e!r4r.

l.fh

t: ' ' *
rnkr $irlr!tro'd{s4uocc.c trdbr I6)

I
 EvapoEdoi.idTnrrrnd'on

rc =^a(0r0+0134/r)
h$€adorpsnurra(o.]3 | o $4/rl,bul eydncmrairbc$,br rtu!

3.4 Euloilrbn ton thd sodlB 0.

trE/z; = 0.e0
r & ,
] :

vdusorti/.r ror$dbm rr+llid

srPrnLe lu odobcl
1 "' , .

Tr'Nst|'Bu4rj!]i|hslutruj,trb

r ' I ' l

t:)rii I = irr.,!Lrdct r

,(9
. / = ) . / ( r ds . r r n o n s t
 \j)

,-(6?5t'0 ' y3 (77r:10'y,+O7er10 4y+o!er (r.el

3v{,s! ftiP*rur / ccl n sivetrby

whoNg8sEd 'lrL .quijotr (3 3)ri

(3.e) my b. simPlified4 fouo{s

t =0oer'rr

roedorrr nre thrcuahdrpdd oreN{Fr. " I = r 5.c irrrf s*tur

s!(3r)?r, roi rh. ndtrh ai q4!!
Eldor',.oltlPoldngbnssj€nn{
diuied{lu* tu rltnb! rdru$e!rd dl,

1q*ihIcolel,'hotsrtdlbEitiy

to enrh rhd mi( rjo do rd crur$ sbnLprly

i ! pnricuh tund rhoushrr

For lrojd nudie

I
Chaplersiri
I Spbsurfaccwater

I
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l l
t
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,5"''
I N
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I k,ea*:.Z-""
.-e..""f,G]-
t (G.", "J* t " ..a,: " t:)
)t
: -:=l -r--
t, -<:.
I Pole sprcs .oibin bnln ai dd $alar. fto r3ie! in djs 2onc is rno\r a Y4l9!3
u3llJGEp.Dded (rtt d soil {:ier
I C.nnned oi anesian\iu is o\eriair by aDinpeFions sallir.

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Pe.cnniel: onandoi-ink2 r.
. E p I e n c m l : n r n n . j ! i : . ( L s r : t t tyr c . j it i i . s : i : j i : i si r i l a r ) t
T\on'?id'.ub.u'r.,croii..r<d
f \f i r " " , v ":
.,
, l ]d\ t \ . ! : .\ 2 k r r . b l c ' t r : o r , o. ,ro r z o n e , :
-.. .( o.r', ' . -. .l . ..;<,tda/?/.,)t) I
[.r...,r,"rrc
( wlta t r.)
l l o i s t u r ei n t h c u d . s e z o n e I
Ttr! Lr5e do,! o . i b.o\ e1.l !t:.'.
\.te,ior D! r?tlqr r\ ?rof .:rl.droilr:re..
Abor. rhe\arerrabl.c,riilltr,r id(&o Crr.t:riijr.:{s r 9!E a D.rdj
I
\e h.\e inrennediale
,e.ionnt,.r n cli6.,:-r
Fieid.2pacj6r tuoillr corl:i1ofsoil anergi\iryi:jF-!. i.o.,plei..
I:!!s3!91:l: noisiu,econ:.:,rors.il \rlri Fla 6 ::rr.r :\ir: f, \2ir i:oi1r1e!oil.
I
]te2surenreh!of soil nroisiure
Tenriomeicrc.ns\ts olr lorous ceraric ctrprhici i ! i r ! r I i . . h . ! . i l . i l k d , ih $r€f -il
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comectedto amaDoF.r.r
rl--l I
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f . ( 6 , S . l . " T a r i .d r " : . . 9o f r . ,r.t. r.e.
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ical mojsrureraluesf.r qrjous soiltl'pes
D.rs,Lt.I !
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I Moven)enrofsoil oislure
I n l l i i ' i o r : . 0 \ . . - n o . a , e ' r \ l d l" q. t' , , i , . o ol

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I l...o h.iotr: :r01effir of\ald rhrugh rd

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I \'lere t . ",
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t '
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l r Jr , ' . , / ' .
l"

q: ao,rtr !irii j:t tlroushur,itdea nom,al ro rh. C:,e .:.'.iii.\

I x: dcei.i alcrqtrlileollov.
l.":condutrnjn ( iidease \irlr increese
olhoinue.onk n dndd..rea.rjih ded.ae oftjdie
t' 1
! ' ' " 1 , ,i ,: , , . . . ' . " / 1 ) . " t, "''
t"; "1 ""
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v' " . ," ,o
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a€tlabl.e.\ der ai dE lrremant of tbs \€c.
o\er."or 0o.' L ir_41-L.
<)
-qrll" ", 1..,,"f :, r,-.,. 1,,, ", ,
I i @ .{qqllqr:a -.?dlos:c
foDialion,
nnichcontiN {ae ardtrhsdjG n aonrph:e ro!r1,..ad
. i I l.;r.
/.rr.rrr.
c:n beulili2edr..romiallt'.
I p 49!{!!9, is " rcmdion n hi.h con'iinssar. b c.mo. r6nnr ir rapidtyenoueh
ro fu.ri!\
asignincdisuFlt Io a rtrll or a sp.ing.
t t lL.
-'^oe.dor'.. I
F.b . t 1 e +l l t t \ ' t u" ". " {P.,.!

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() ?onri.r: ratn.rltepoE \olumerorie cal \.t!.ie olhe fdmalior 'r't' ' v''q{c
vr
ons,.3r,o!...PooI".,
I S{otdary roro.iq: pdrosiNd!eto fi.torts ard !.1[i.n.fsin.].

I (t,rp4ifi" rird , ',ak. d,.jied fkat' /roral la:r:r. orjL: jfnra1,.n <f:;.sity

# =-4#l*i! <'""'''t
t q
.flrl q lr,;ln/.v, tt/;,l b1
I a f ? h t ,t 1 ' \ . h ' th
\,'r',lt cfln,l b1 sot'4il!
n"t lht/ t truy,
I d nrr"rurr*rnl

o ',1b,./ul,
lr
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, .f r / r l . ; ' / . . 1
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l: :. .. .. . ... . '.:)
' '" '. .rmi. e"!(-,J.+
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5 i.- -<\ipeolrle L)dFlli. :*de l:r:
(i:.oetlcie (d'J:r )
kr=k,P= c.ffce"I
.{
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\^ /)iq

fre dr(h r-eokqiL.IL

Thc rlfectnc :.ea - r:.s
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- seiit.rtrr
t
t " + 1 . ^ t 1< ? . $ n . a \ i t : t .
t=Kr.,,s=...hi:s (.-r) ". iq J'<r(D, I
k"=;.etlrredi l p.i .:bL . I d f ; ! 1 , !c o n d u ( n i q '
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r<r=krn,/p =Cd'n/ F

!-=(h€rikin!. o rdbi L. . i l - - . 0 1 .'d"^)'$oi.rrte

crJ
d e'io or-%lr
t
c-?a{D:
09gt'10_ci' I
\Y - r. st..i;. r.ighl.lri:e:l:il
u = . b s o t r i c r i s c ! s i * o f r h ei l u j d
i=f;d".r Gh.lE ;tkins !*osilY 1nd othrr draeclcristics olihc
aldjunt I
d=.\erxg. pore!iz! oa15.a!di20

)\i:t-'),
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2tt
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,)

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t
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lc
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q= k' as

s=dUdr

I '? q=rIIKsrh'dh,/di

I { q J i d r ' = r I k e{ ' h d h

I Cqln..L-2Il\,h-l2Ld
{ q I n r r i r r= J l k . ( r r . rh r 1
-' Or

I , . . . . .{ 6 7 )

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I ",*ftirt "*..,.,,*,-*. r-j' "v'"':,"f(-s"l"/''t'/) "
" ' l :
I . d b

,l'" t,:,:.,'.
^ i ' ; '" . , '
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.T"t,l ),t7,i1,1,,1,,,1"t"""t, "lltI e4rtt/ t1 1/'t ':r'

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t "r\'/
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r - .
r - ; , ,, 1 "
r . . . . . . , : " . i l r ,",t /. ,.i 1,, t.".-,aj t,(h.t,.,
1\\j -- tihai,t. t, G t, tL/.1, , 4s, cl.,-y" tt rLt {)Le elet.i,(
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4 ,r=k,?IIrbdr'/d. ..nvy+Q\1.--\1) ./
I u 1 r - ' XI
\rh+!
q, oi'u". =tno u,i-ot orlq Inr0/(=rllbkeG0-b")

rn{'"
I" r'qr.r
q , '..-i;ta bi;ih, r,,tlr"'iil= znr o.-:,"1r
() /tll( tjo h"l (6 8)
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zr=qr,(,0

"f
_t
| :)ryt /heYh1-t'' r!1: I
| '.,vL.a it .11,e't
zr Lkplr,-to) /$ t .,
I u1l,'.-L 4'-r')' t'r
znb z7(h.-l) / p :3- ..
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D \ 1 , :| , t 1 , 1 . . / ' t ' " '
,1,,1,
0
ah"
A..t ,1r:l . ")
,r./ | | . t t 1 1 t 4 1 t 1 d L t . t ' I t 1 t t I v t., I
lnlctt4 ,r .-=) tt - - rrr),'t'rO
,lt,t,,-,,"t 1r,,,,ltt, ot,1,/,.,, /i,rf "1,,r.a.:.
4..
ti,n lh, ' v./, t i 11/ lt' 0a,,1 c I
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(): t/ ! , . ^ t " P . lD ' t t . , h t ' . a : t . , o, t
-
+ | , i v " - , o' tt " ' /''t
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I F.i'.nh l6lll
ro -
C
Li;:t'. te r , i r ' 0 . i d " . ! , / A c ra r'.i-o!

I a hle ol20 !s, thed;l\Ldosni'r ie$elhlir)&4jnnon1bepuinFirgrreila.roLddlob'

Ddeftiie thelEDtnissibilityofihca'luifer'
1.2& t.8 n, respectirely.
..6.znr(hrt.)/'" +,
\rlratiitb! dnrdorm ir

I sdo*' ;/-t{-,J rz --z' a

'
) h|.3o- 2'
= 2a,94
r r r = l l ] 1 . 3 = 1 3 l i 1& h = : 0 : : = : )
I lTls=2 f, 1_1:3.1.:7
!li.(,li/:!)

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t' --li[.m;t
p.n:ercs -:0n L;los 1Lrlfiic r:ler
-ebl.. Aftcr a lo'g lerioCoi ] Ji):::-q :1 a
7ard0!
I r : r : c f l o l , n ; c * , f d . i - s a r ! i . r ! . 1 1 5 nl j a r d 1 5 n i o n r h e l d p e d r ' l l i r r ; I
L r.s!€cri\.I].Ddr.ftjri rte n:rsiri!::::lit ofrt:.quit r. \\lEt is inc !ra\Co\i il r:]:

I Q = 10Ys* 86.a=2592n, cay = 4 r ' zh " " 5 " / 7 - 7 t 3

I e=nKOi bi/r,'Gr,,
r92=nK({9.1' $11/h(4j/ri)

I =10.7'50=j0tmrtday
ddemitedb)' appbi'e i:re?bo\:cquano'1'
Tne&ardo\n h !l; Fnp:di.ll.a1L.
I it.6ce ofih. nell (r,,):ndr,

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t q, Ln'rrr -r.\/t4L)
q = 2"1,,,"2a.a- rzzz^/t
I ' . , r , s - , 1 t t - t z t , - a t )/ h ( f ) ;-:";'ei-L:)/'^z
.-)".
T. '.8,'/J 4- .i -r+tt)
= trt$+i
t "'',7
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+. E:;'.iJ!".
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'.t72r
.
(23 t''a)/'6*-
= zlfttl
| . . zt 1^
^i';;y'=';,,':Y"t[:r
-\41,_#
t.J...lt = "-'''
I 29 tr,bt'"J)"^- - ''-73:'r4 -

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PRoBLEITS i I
ii*.,;.u. ".i .;,'.;, ." -,ry". j -'r's {-i",;;" ';

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J.Lr;/1j p.nl;^1 -1 "ral". l--tt '"<1.1.'t'/ J,^rk-" '.

r',yat 1../k
e-,ttol ,"y. ilt).-
/o ,L l..y"ti1t k,'" /ta!)cLLtt1.e-u.d 4,c *J)
/.,,,.L",t, ,',, ol 1/'e rt-Lf-tz
he 21us
2tv
11.,")ru.t't'1",t"' c"usel b.5f\"o {kr"..r$ dc[! scr.en o.nAoni,r\
, ^ . ! / . ^ - n \r \ \ \ \ ( L r v . , , , . { t v4 " . L . . , o,..4-11,"
\\rr-*X\ u.\.., re.n ir \\o'rtl (\s \^le\LLo-SS
.e

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._,_*1\ l ! -
...- {

+ tj,a
coh

-\)(-,,:\\rr\aglQ)+
c-^L, *-ll
-.,'c"n\i\{A (\u.,1-\-
\:i,r,(('.0wc\\ \"s':

o--- z 1 1 6 t ( l -l f ) {wre \\ -\ = ! ( Js-dJ. --\

i tr7i"r
fi.-r,\i,r1 iu .u,* .,1"1"i.i""'q,l "Ji i'rl .,r"-\\\.ss cQ' L il j
L , ."\' tdJq

s'4!r'- rta" r- r ;'!s

-,a\
_ -
thc
s = ( \ \ h )
.,'\ . '.i,".Liu r.1s.u-'J r'* r. . 'u L "'s.llq:
c.^*r
a\' "te\t,Gn'L r'/,a,1 ".1"1a',a1'', t1 ,1/, a,11.
ru,tL'nx " n'
-2
R--,/\tr?rr"t -: [s
=6nI c?;l - -r.'o
/ ;G,G;I:'.-=tuCl';
;,t e/lktr<./ dsl. frolu.l .! " r.l l"ssf'LbrC "n/ s"*- 9."rr 'l
rl"l.r\4b.
 ,{sg

'l6\eci/t" 'Lp '' I

caPaci/!=B)L_ ** i+, 1
it1 4e4aU -f lLttrJl-2,r u l'lt'a",t/"a4i /tnboas.-str'dll,c-
capzcit g"-./l/.-ut4l,[Lts!7ur rasun4*. e#ech'tcnds€tL.A-
i- ,slalfl?Lo,lad//:14- -:-!s-!, t^ -
" 1-ll
u\\..G-o=5..r.\,s.=J,:*"J"".,,^
,/). ay..l, = o . .= 9
.r-'. seS, ,,,-tr,
Aet.e.ats+-d")
E/'^tl< 6,6 = | /B + <: t]"-':
1 1,'J"',''.rt,,,t,/I ll",1,h
l:.r qr:...,tt/c'tlt",td 1',k-,d',)
r1,,.eflioe,rcy ol r1.-tli."'r.tr',!s =p"";!;- ap-.i+/ i ,.
'f . .tlt/ "i
/,h.1, lll;;,.. 10r",rr,. ::rLq '.l,tJ,,r.o.l
c- ;x'o l"i
ft t,b ,)
S_r-.. , , , t 1 , , _ + ,' jf {" v " . . , , . ,*._ p , 1
*<sa' " f'
')
= .''/r n
....l.t..'p c o'.- r xil1:;r..ri
-,({\osri(Cc )lo *$({ \.,,;.s \\q .s

g,g - e:L1- =. \v .. \nn/"

t '-J,:'\\.-
"" t'. I i J ,..n/J ,f /,1,ttlt --.zz./
/o. -t7

-es-qjrr1ifl
/ L ]\ : . ,i,,::[::s;
:,1;;-.,: i,
5 " , i 1 1 / i .t r . 1 .t.na
r ,nt,
4 l ,'1,n.c,\:lq't1 14y't t'nt l.,t/ <tr-1",.n*r.1h,t .
C - ,-- ,:- uh u Lt;: ,'i ' tt{alt Mit bll fL -. -"
\; =1,r]7X,;q '-4t--
r-."ct<1,.,, ht
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J,"'t1,,
I ,,L?|
LiI-u
I ;
'Ltr
I lE=;'iE- i:ar.ran .ba:der lnns of srlq rlov:
{:rln.ri;nr ard 2ii,u2l\.hiles ar?rhbl! for siomg. ald use.
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I Ch!f .cleristis of tl:e ht drog12irir
. " L 0 . . D . o J . , l o

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I |.crerhrd a o , r ( l u f l h c e' ! n o i E :

I $rir r[il ia]els.r:r t:5,.ud sdaceLor.h.ie di.:-^ 1 . r s J J n o , e L l ; nL o l )

Irter-florrGubsurla
cenortu no\v)r
\\rder\ni., Dayrlq?. h:erailyrlmush1teqtpersoilJaltsuiilii c cd
sl.\d ib:r CrcsufarerDoti:

I :r- Cround*ate. fl.F (basefloF or dry-1r_-ftiher

-. coiinbunon
nolv):
rof e 5r.2r d\i.L 's c{)e) elltu4l tl.tan
I E . o , . " n i . D . e . d e r ol l o ; d i \ i d e d i n r o . . o p v . l i .
G)nomr Do$(dnar nnof) { suria€fuof a1dsllni d
I lor on.f$e nrler{o\i
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Fig.(7.l) A I !ic:L 111..!ogr'1!ll

Tle funclianshich Cesfjbesfie recesion.!ri (.irdir;ic!.t)

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q, =to$. onetine u!r-i lai.r
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k.=rec!.sion constatrl{hich is tc$ rhrn ur:fJ
Fdr do.e generalforD, ihis equation.an beR.ifte!2s: I
(.\L../
{ 7 - 2 ){ , " - + r .'j ' 1 - 7 + j ' "

1;-1T,,:"^::vi,)2:";"11e. F d i s p" €i \,,r "

I r . d'e p o ' ; t o n i n e r i m e u n i t s s . k . t g d . i t i s u s u a n y : J h Io t",\';i
i t :,\d. J. J- ; "'i; s ;. li: t,r:.i :r,.'
r s i ,",/. 1 < : - l $ \ < r
"
dL',,'t" I
a2a, 9 " :..+,',
7.;,i
F , = - q 'ri i . l : q / d .. {7-3I

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i ' lrq 4 / r , , r./u' h"t ', elt"1i,, tnP,llv"l,'',

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I tu,'3 "/-'4r^ zlA a:jt t'=
I -' v" = Lk Zi -- l+z^)l-tz'\

I
I (z:4) _

I 1,Fo'"
tal'r?)
I
I ,l

I
 J
%,, "
I
J/?. o ol

.z ff:s Ln c t-tq;Ti;, 4 c
! : ;: *-d4 ,.t<4- ". t,;t -Ft aTta .gl p.4.7 :

3.8t4 t7-o rt.1/ /r.a 1t.l

-'

i,J
J
i

'll 1
te iJ,i
j
rill.r';rb-'.|, ,:il
T
I
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I Relfl;0ubet\reenprccil,ilxlionr ld runoff

I t | e i p : t . r ' o n i a,.. ' . . r ' e r e n e !o n d . | o ' v o r ' r ' r :

( ,5+'F
SuriaccRetenlian
' - ' , ' \
)
I -=- !.nrfll
' rr;i .o.r,.\,t ' ( r . ' e d o r , 1\ . i " r r ' o \ ! , : ' : e - ' r ' ' P ' r i u d o r
{ " J I t rd' c. rdi .i n
' , j!:lY 5'' l .,.." ..',r did.!:r+e+-4: jr'-i"j : *!1 "''''"
!a-:i"'^--
r il!,.-*i
I ;s;.'.'*;,f"#,i,, " a*, "*'.
j".":6".',,','dit.t,{liil,-lr,
-,f*!?'1,,",**,,"
-Si: t:
.-- : :':.::'.'.1:.1:::::t
t ,,fib;i ;;:+i,.[-;.in"rr,.=ffii,'p.;;!;q']:IiI;^''r""
!ll;i,;51J.'#;-r{,"J/:iffi 8 . 1 i"'"r
: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . : . . . .( .rf
1"-+".

I n!a ls. rliii

:ioE9eiir:,iL! r:!L .uir ci Froj.cred
!hr+ " tJ{.+:.. i..^

I
r , ' = ( s r j , E( rf .ds " ) . . . . . . . . . . . . .! ot l
I il";."':: i::,Ia;i'i:;i;i ""
:-=
ll:u::'::tl',
E=m;;dorEin l:;,:"':":11"! i;;;;:L;;:
{ li!ii',^"?,'.1f-'-i"::.;5Ii'+; '; iiil
I k=(1i(:,FEt:)).t:",e:
-.-_,.. 5".4vi=r.6;*c,et.'J6,r-"

I
I
I inil:tatior.fiar;.se.l\a r 1l$ngirnrssoilI r'!c:
jrt
:l::oil tr : inPilktrbn'tt

Perco atio.. nn\ .lIh. \der Nidin lre sojlbi 3ra

I l.'::'r 'ion."t ,ir. : r n s r i F ' n t - r 3' r' f r ' l i " r t o ,t |v' .*' ,+\' rk h. t , . 4 3' ' '' .| "' -4! 4' g"
r-,.'-,..ii-.:! r',lli- ;: -';;iaif"",'.:1t""'i,"::'
Ii
I Ear+rt
h7*,' ! : 1 L , e . r i n r i : d ; i i u r l 0 a l t l el . e i i l r d c f n o r : r : : : i :
z j't,,;DJ artbt ;/,,
ei ! r{i,'lP. a, i ". \,e..tj :^i,: ri:.--,.s.atrratd i.. l i/,.r, . r -,it! 1;' I
I t.'-.,1.)

I
r= d.; f.L i!.r,,i,,g of,ai),trr
i'- s" tt r,." (+ {-.:"e-( ide\:'tX Lesr' --
I
I
 iI
ldecErionot & (3.5)qi\ci1 cunrlaln. infi lrftiion F ai tiDe
I
(3.O
a & b e pdrneterderriird bt oxpcrinrnc. n l
h alem lsedio delcriierii \rdrologic2l.diliri0n z:rioLiofprccjpilatjon
rr3n\eeinre o\tr rl:.
I
,;: r"le6hed ad inr res!lri::-id:rn4e oiriis ,f-r rlioDgl $rtr .f.rnieh .r eralohns$6doi?

lnitial moistprec.ndilior\
I
Tle qEd1l ol runoailinj ha sron dliriCs o::
L)I,loisiurc condnicN oi ih r?i.lDenrs.
2) Slom cndadenlis: .-.:.r. irtenlntbdd[: .).
I
Scilpoistureshorld l.c::!e lorainaricnn \ii) li:!. dliirq,ai,.ls ori.r.c;,rn,i.a.
. . ' l i .
fte
. . . 0 i . , j - L -
_de I
rl
iom a pdiculd basin!.irr spe.iiisdn:erolo3icdc.rdiiicn! i! :ou-cbly Frcponi.nalr.
i.e.nr !.il.noniu3 snouldCecr:rd!.aairhit:ij! \irllnre dui:g lan.ds
anonatin siora,le

k i Ece$ionlrior= (0.85- i.98)

Ir'de inilialvzilue
cf a,t.ed.Dt prc.ipitarion
Index.
(s.1
rl
' r'- -d "-d.el.ero" .e.. 'u .heL)Ceyfot
J0 f" o r o r-d,1,+-ro dir,.-00-6.d.:..C\. rl
Irl
Precipitaiions Ruroif reladons
Amual p.ecipnaidn\s. Anul tuoff oiicnsho\$soodc.r.laiior,Iig (8 i), ejpeci,llt
for dcN wbeE pEcipnatic. IzU! jn de sjntd donris.
" R=!<? (33l

M.'t' (v"'1' .'." ''.,.'...,..,-,.,.-(3

] .9
c.c.=: {Pf?) (&-R) / tt (P-P)'(R.R)'t ' ...,,.............(3.10)

lce5 w eali
il
:
- - - J.-;L '
^ - - ---a-'
ntetue)'..^ - - - -,"2: ,
at:,P
._
oeP(c.3:)n 5t2.4<-
su.fa.e rc+e^+:5a- - -, -L'':jt
- " t=t:'
,- - i)I3
, "-n-z ".t.t
AaIeceAetl (JiJ tb e
I
J t ' t I
I 5
I
al
a .f-
I 1\-i , -i-
I
I
I '')..... t':'a***" '
I
I
I
t
I Fs- rlsd.-.tt:ishd&.LF ibdn.dpfr.

I
I
I
I
I
I
I
t,
I
 I
I
rrream l|ow rouhno: be usc{jfor !.Fdi.tion ofqnsready !
r . \ / a \ en r o ! . u c n r I
^
}{o.noclr.n,l risinq \rfe:
ior
s a\inrpte
wale in a unif.n .honet: iniriarrrLbe
ssread)Lhtuijrci::::: dnifornty dd bsoDcsudinljf
.\, eft be hieh;nie.
"l
1.{'l,,"sk+ t
4,
*tt
I
1,
rhe reach
in r 'r.it ofthe FE6'
I
I
uir,erereroc'ry & v_ Odginarfloy vetocirv
A= cros{ecrioratareaofihecna*et
FrotoEq (9 l) the\raveretocji, I
u= (ArvrA!!j)/ (Al^)=(qfqr/ (AA, (e-2) I
.frherare-i(A. ql
A - l(AL, I
",:__
^n I
l_ ,t,
lv"-'A-, t;/lI
?B
I
"l :,',/ I
I
,/t // lI I
U)
:[-+-]-4"'-': lz I
I . 7...-/t
s. Vr
i
! I
oL4e:I+ _i- F't
r,-r.,i"t.s o i l l : e : a c : . c a A : n d 0 B € q n 2 l t t c
I
''=71Az= !'. "9:
I
I
I
tB,
I - Bl d :

I Eq.(9-3)is knoM
i,r$ide opendra'del )-
I (9-{) B9

I q:Av:!I}=BY:? SIq
S= mergy slole: $ a1e!s!rf3c. slcpe'dift leri
j:rirg Eq.(9-i)

I dqidr:l3irr€::!j =F/tY
ireresulrN
rsO
(9 5) intoEq.(9_.i),
substituling.!q
I -
, { / } -
:-:2,
: L= tL3l1
- -
: tt) jr
-
";;l:'.'(?;ii7
'.'fl h:'v'/ *"" T1:*
I
ros)
I or
\ o aslat
tz l,
(9-e)
-,odl
^s=srs,:1,rdt
I I=inflowraie. O= ourflownte, S=sioragclrEle
For roxtingcalc!lariona'e.ag. llowsmavbe used

(r0 - (o,+o)/2xdt)= (sfsi)

((I1+r:)i2) ...;.:'....(91!)

I d . u av l , . O j " l S , a e \ j o L d d O . d d s - .
d ob"d( - r-JJ':

I .ffi"d'-
f o w i s n r t d r d t o o | n p l n e a i o t u l r o n+ r
':".:.i,";".
i ,;;i,'.,'.o i" .. .ot" R .
;"":;;;:"i:
I
olstorase..
Dcterminaiiod
I Tllc raler sulace s nslalJ si'd obc' "F

I
I R.{+i"5- -. -- t-i
->r-
I nq?.--
i tJrnedinrl
se<r"r La)"v,i
_-
-cP :r2blF
i;t _:;t\
I
t
FiJ b-t )
4 .1
I 04
 I
S
I
, or+L:l'(ls,tt,)=1rsy'r+ojl
a (e-11) e I
fi##-Jtu:tr
,:'Jff,:'i:::"H'l?':fl
of(2s/i-o)
* l
Thc ioresllndinglahe ofO: el beieramined
co6putalicris thenreleaiedfor sL..eedng I
f?ble
ts/!o
5.6
2Slt+O
't.7
I
14,9
:fji;1,.,c
23,5
l.-1
J.f, I
7
37,2 10.5

Midniqht
l6.r 36,9 10.3
6.6 I
':.1 .2 I

D s.h:r9. meansolrfon disch:rge

\\hen {e haregaledcuilets,-,irtnt,l. (9-10)is nDdined1o: rl

(r,+I1y, r' (o'+ot/?) roil=sfs, . -...... ..(9_lt)' )
O.Tconftlled olrflov
I
6R=.esuktedou1flow
IfO G zero.!q. (9-lt)b:cod{: I
tu-dR+s,=sj . . . . . . . . . . . . . .r.3. .)( 9 I
0'+I:)-2On-(2s,/r o,
O,)=(2Stt l9-11), I
E! (9-1.1) r E q .i 9 - r l ) l , o \ . {
r ot h a a be
01:liculd t
I
s
o) I
4+a!l;1\9 ).,.
au rve\.:'
I
I t f
'+
F1 7 . ( 9 - +)
.-3
T/n4
I 3/6 - 8. r-
I,
I 3ft'1a
t 9
I ,t /., "

I +91

I +/ar r 3 t 6

t +fntt

I
5/N
I s/tp
I 5/,r/t
I L
---:>- 33L
- 89
I 6fra- --, 213
78 _
I --, I Z,

I t/t,
3 7
t/nat
I ----> t8
t
I
I
I
I
I
 -:
!
.,::

I
'+fit
=tF,E.
I
* - "-
I
-. .,-"-,--.--:: j--:,x-ji::: j:":J;rl'i5,';
I
e I
z"t :r I
l.iiiii:i
\i

a:
';j.
::;:iii;i
.:ii:5;;:

; ; :: !: ; :i
#$#*,,*
:::!
i
: : iiir
:.i:i I
r ! l r ' i ;i ; i
I
il..::.:'
':'
r-i.,:!.:;
.J;

;:';t::i:i,
ii
r:ii::!:i
ffi=
,*i#liii
iiiiri:ii;:i:;i
r
I
I
I
I
I -;t

I
I
I atinvrnle
srorage
oudloNls is Posiliveandr;serersa'T:1'
\raen jiflo$ erceeds
I iliiJl*' "i'i. G'r.."0
suDs'quer!roserected
"eg'riiesbagein*nrrts the
z.ro!oin.
I j',,r:i..h
.i - r r,.ce jl -'::]'lil)--'.' ?
fffi,.'" iilrt'
t ac=u=-
oJt
I
!
I R'5
€ , ,
I P
I ,.

I J
t
I Fit.(s^4) l
I
I
I 4A
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o"4/1,*
o I
,:/,
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ii- .s',la I
I

H L"t
o^te. 54/ ?e.. 4t? vlb-

,"%
t1t llfi

K.) 6'or) t
,/4",e

5 "7terr <"'t 's

t EXNIPAz At
a..a .+ /D bezf,.s
lZldiv^:F r* )e|t:"'"t
I *, 11-.2)/1t /e.f ot > .e ' - A " )!e.+ . | 1 (^ t^elxll]'
- u i l e +. + . a t f / " e . T h e
a.J z-.. e^r1".. o:JrL I
I ' ) 4etJoalaz, 4;retar'tc ret).1..^ tve.t i' 1;r'e^ L) fAe
'j\
+re Jt.'l')r'9e
el,2ri.'a^: .? = cJ' D lz.:i
I i' +Le e^+''^La , . t ; J l t , > t ' * r e r n : : 5 r r . i- f
c."{?c:e"1, D
I olc,i,t a,.J H it +ue 'Lt:'J ' -rl"z ilI'a \11)"lra?l' ;\11""
)t)' -J-
ute ca:er a ^ ) , ' " r ' 4t)+. i+2..'e.'.:/ "'+11'a?
I be\,,
r! -- l.t^ ^4d D = 2 . " r, F,") att - d'! L.vztT^X:!lj944 a

I I I :-
t" i t .
-rl2 autllau
t !-4!L:-L0)
= Q.d@A,|l;i;'tfr-
it xire^ 19 o = ctwo rl4T-
-- tc.ssJi- -- 26.6 Ju- -
I e) ee"c.r+ethe | "rt '"1; "i
e a
I I
I ?
3
I s 3

I z t 3 8 6e

I
I t 1 2 1 .) : ' . \ ) / j z . - + + t P zla3. 7
o - st,'/'
I a \

I rl
I
I
I
t
 I
I
i.,;i;Jt
=r--i==

.-::14-i .: I
-=taX 6--
l=-
=
= t" t-:-J6'- -:..1872.:.
":': z {2r. I
=...,.-t94.
l= zZtE
- : -3t9=
..-,t/E-.
' '
1. -:t:2 -:
-. :', e3 t I
-:..j.at
t
:i :- : i;;i.
I
j:
' ?nj:::-: ;
I
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'" .i'n;j",r"
i..-: i 1.-{it".]]l-
t
I E x^a?t. 9.. - )l)J.ol.3Y

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1.,
l r
.rl
t t "

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t
1
t
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I l--.-.!:

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I e
 I
--h-v,"ki\-r-r"lh"d
it . conDmnlt !*d nldFlosic touling
n)is relhod Donehde slarase
rdiable dnch's: nlnge relationdrip.
" t
n\e.chrDel by a coDbiDationoflcdge odpnenn.Eq. (Fi. 9 t).
I
,
I
):-r:, r,::-r':,r
I
(, jr!'r},) $ I
Iis (9 :l Prlsnod red-qe$orae t
D[jn! dreadrde ola nood Nare.inJlor e!..:ds o:tlo\ !i.:jtir-l . -r r oi f,:r..
...".i e . . - .a . o . . - . e e o s i r . . o.r. f .
' . n , b - a d b ) a \ o o eI
. !" I
i A . . a : r
I
:-;"..- -:-- ro^ ,,..': .c'
{-:;;aN:;0r
htr,insllre.n!c0SX50.5
--friiiiliF!?
\jxi-;F;

ii:IiEEEr rc \n of, r o'ompor- s

I
s= kQ- Lx(r.o) (9,ri) I
riich cdbe Earangedlo gi\€ dre ndEge funcliorforlJLllingun rruoJ:

s = k t x I + ( 1 - xQ
) l,.-...-.......,......,..-.(9.16)
I
and reFre$n1s a lirzr dodel fo! touring norv it 5tds
TLe r aluc ol x d.Feids on rbe sb:pe ol iie DodclecFede' sora:-:' :le ral:: 'fx Er::s
-o-, N h e n x = 0 r l e t i s D Di ? d s a a r d
t
o to. '".,.";.16nqslo.aeeto {jiforafull\!dse
\.1cei:ob2.kn.ler.dsLlhec^eioiahel-poolr.s.rloirIrllt+=Eqi9ls):s
line.r reseFoir rddcl, S= k Q. In natuEl 51€ans.X \l.Ntei0nic:3 \inha!F)
!ria
r4i!c I
._.. '. o
- : -' ;r; ' . , . \,.alr\"4#, " r ^ " " - ' , , i : i : : : i : -r i. . :
ii::::;iL;
EEe of no$. Il_. \aluesof n.ragesarln c j sd j +l .r- b: \rillcn. i.p:dntly.
..f'o , .
6:
'
I
.r -k[\1r ]t-\rQ.l
I
= i . L _r., r r - I )Q i , j . . . . . , .. . . . . . . . . . . . . t l s )
t
r . : i ' : : e c \ : r l i i n c j , ! e ^ 3 1l 1 : : :
I
I
.a
I
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'tPtur.A.5 are avt;ttbl< +,,1+- A.le.*:^.):"^ -l K
I fl. f:d f, l/,v:!,43 a s;6atla6e-!! J{t€l-inl+i." -F t<aiJ X ir

I 4 F-ll"-!' ut:.t elt)| 64 (5 2s) .

su..ets;v.v2taes -F It\. nu^etal" (ecpr<*"h {J 5+"'ar'

t n.te-e,l) a"J l|e Jenai;'a+"
(tePtate^l:n aeil[t'! -Ftaa t4d'^<'t)
-
k J ft . a.?G" ) ", i.,,..:,*--r" :;' ".:-t,: :":; ;.;: "1":':
a,e c,- r,.1
I 2ttuntdJ v.P)"') P)/'neltlL v)t4" 'r r'."
*' 'A Ptatka/ u!42t4
t tl" ""'^'''t'S nad'Q1-' '^) )"'-:"+-'
Th' ",'*':t
f/.Ja.;,t c.t'.',, n. F,.^ "t L"t'
t t '-'L".',
' c e t ' t e-",'-r,
t ',,"
,",i'U"t t' a I2eP't"e'l +' a 5;4e Lne
a a t

"',", *.", ",{:

",,""',,,,., ::' ; F
=' :'':
::' ::,
:: "-'
I aLrr F -
d " ' ^ t h .v ' t a '
;::' !,!;.'
r,:
!_.),"....._,..
I V,ZiRi.",.

I 11"
r
I I

I t' Ji,-!' -r.' I

I 7'
I n :

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*- i- t-
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I F,f s+ ".+Je

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vD
 t
I
To:LA.P
o hf f h e C e n e d 1 0 6S i r e
Orer ForRehabiliratiO
Subiect:4n
I
(P:irtonc)
Tbe followingitemsshould be m2de I
l. The main rard
A. Renovingall tb€ freesind!dingtbepaln trees
B . C l e r n i n g , n dl e r r t i n gr h e" h o l es i l e
I
C. Laying (20-25)cmsubbaseNithtevelingand conpa.tion
T[ecostforthi.item
2.!j!e a{&e!!!!t
55200 I
A.Removingallplantsand cleaningin€!rca
B.Filling the low areasi.duding tho chaDnels sith srbbase I
pipcs rad'aioN and Ph.e theh
C.Removingallthe and rhe h'o
in the build'ngofihe old g€ner.tor .
The costlorthis item $920
t
3l!g-e3l3Ie!-$& t
A. Fillirgall the cotrcreGchantrehandIo{ areasw'thsubbase
B. Btrilding2m high 60m loDgsall on theexistingsl.brvith t{o
openingsin the front l,5n $ idc
I
Tbislrallwill be phsaeredwith nortlrcemento. both sides
Tbecosi for this it€n
4.!!$!.9udq-s!!e scsiq
54200 I
A. h€moling rll the nud fron the sho der
B, Placi.g 20cmstrbb.scfor an !r@ oI3n by 30m I
The costforthis item 5280
5.g]c4!iqe!.e-qs-b.!iEDc!
Cleaningthe hYobuildings{rcm
I
Thecostfor this ileh St60
Tbesum ofthe abore itens is s10760
s1614
I
thcrehabilitation 51237.1
meetyourrequiremertsfor ih€ gen€ratorsiteIor
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I Th. dtrgc D noElc !r' r so b.e\prciad Ltng Eq(v ruJ

I S j , ,- s r = , ! 1 ( I j + r j r l , - A t ( Q i + Q j . l | 7 . . . . .. . - . . . - 191c)

t (920)andsinlpljiirs gnes:
(9.19):nd
comttutug

a , - . , r j, + ^
( : r , c^, tp
.-
::
I . rll.h ! rl,eniuri'g.qLerionfor LheV!s\i ):d ltrhcJ {heEl

t r c;= t\ -2 krt/ P k 0-x)+fl

c : = t \ + 2 k i J / l l k ( rx ) + I l
. . - . .. . . - - . ( 9 1 2 )
....................-.(e.r.)
I q = r r o - \ ) - 1 r J / t 2 k ox l + : : l

I c'+c:+cr=1

t ii.:s;t1ed irdoNandouitov hldr.lnr:r.t

'" e'-o.
a\:iiableioi a rn'rr+ch r!\::!'clk
. \r d ..d ! 2r etl ti^A
'a rc'

(Ij , ' Ij) +G_ r) (q-1+ Qil " : (ei')

t r:= 0.5 !t uj-1+ I,l (q'

'-ffi"
+o)l/x

I The i.llo$ hrdroqr:Dhtoail.r t6c[ jsgilhin.o]D's 1rdl'fT:ble

(9.1) Ddemi;e 1h;o;indv htcrosraphlroD lhisFa'h ilk = 21 h r'' _.0 15
I ')d 11= t h. fte i.,iii!i onrnoN is Sr n A

I q2\,

I :=lrrr\lcril
E
2(2.r(0 rj) ( 2 . ) 0 0 . 1 5E
,(r. i ) ( 0 . 1 i ) ( 2 l ) ( l - r ] . j
l ) r
) {o3l/

) / F l l 1 l - 0 1 5 t !2 0 r r ' q l = 0 : q l ]
p)

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\ithii \\ii.h a en.De\enl\ ill be.quatl or

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