Vehicle Ride and Handling Analysis

Introduction
This tool lets you experiment with the steer- and camber-by-roll coefficients of a 3-DOF vehicle
model, and simulate the effect on the yaw gain curve and the understeer coefficient.

• Enter the vehicle mass, inertial, geometric and compliance properties, then the natural-
frequency requirements for the suspension
• Click "Compute Parameters" to determine the stiffness and damping coefficients
• Adjust Steer-by-Roll and Camber-by-Roll factors
• Set up simulation properties and click "Run Simulation"

Mass and Inertia Geometry

Vehicle curb weight Wheel base

1000 kg 2.5 m

Total vehicle sprung mass Track ( front and rear)

weight 900 kg 1.4 m

Unsprung weight per Distance of CG from front

wheel, front 2*25 kg axle (a) 1.2 m
Unsprung weight per Distance of CG from rear
wheel, rear 2*25 kg axle (b) 1.3 m

Vehicle inertia about z Vehicle CG height

axis
2000 0.6 m
2
kg$m
Sprung mass CG height
0.7 m
Sprung mass inertial
about x axis 750
2 Roll center height (
kg m front/rear)
0.2 m

Compliances Requirements

Tire cornering stiffness First natural

(front and rear) 25000 frequency of front 1 Hz
K1 suspension K1
N rad 6.283 rad$s

Tire vertical stiffness First natural

150000 1.2 Hz
frequency of rear
K1 K1
Nm suspension 7.540 rad$s
Tire camber stiffness Anti-roll-bar on front
5000 K1
(front and rear) axle, Roll Gain 4 deg g
K1
N rad

Front shock absorber rate

( per wheel) 800
K1 K1
Nm s

Rear shock absorber rate (

per wheel) 1000
K1 K1
Nm s

Distance between
installation point of left
1.3 m
and right shock
springsabsorber
(front and rear):

Installation factor for

springs and shock
1 m
absorbers for front and
rear wheels

Calculated Parameters Understeer/Oversteer

 Compute Parameters

Front Suspension K
Stiffness, ksF 8487.86 SBRF
-0...

Rear Suspension -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0

Stiffness, ksR 13359.50
K
Overall Torsional SBRR
54118.04 -0...
Stiffness, Kt
-1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0
Overall Torsional
Damping, Ct 1521.00
K
CBRF
Anti Roll-Bar -1...
Torsional Stiffness, 35657.03 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0
KARB

K
CBRR
0....
-1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0

K Oversteer -0...
us

Yaw Rate Gain

50
40
30
20
10
0
0 10 20 30 40 50
u
3 DOF Neutral

Simulation Setup
 Vehicle Speed K1 K1
26 km h = 94 m s

0 20 40 60 80 100

Steering Angle 5.13 deg

0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0

Simulation 1.91 seconds

Duration
0.0 5.0 10.0

RunSimulation

Results

Dynamic Response
2

0
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8

K1

K2
Yaw Rate (rad/s) Roll Angle (rad)
Roll Rate (rad/s)
 Front and Rear Tire Side Slip Angle (deg)

30

20

10

0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8

Effective Slip Front Rear

Vehicle Path (m)

120

100

80

60

40

20

0
0 20 40 60 80 100

Neutral-Steer
 Lateral Velocity (m/s)
0
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8
K10

K20

K30

K40

K50

Lateral Velocity (m/s)

Lateral Acceleration (m/s^2)

0
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8

K1000

K2000

K3000

K4000

K5000
Lateral Acceleration (m/s^2)