File:D:\HVAC\books\EES-prog\COOLING TOWER RULE OF THUMB.

EES 9/7/2013 11:07:02 PM Page 1

EES Ver. 6.883: #434: For use only by Kwangil Kim of Samsung Electronics Co.

Pair= 94 [KPa] BAROMETRIC PRESSURE Ta,exit = 40 [C] EXIT AIR TEMP

VP= 50 [m3/hr] HOT WATER FLOW RATE CWRCT = 20 [C] RANGE
TWin= 50 [C] APCT = 9.4 [C] APROACH
HOT WATER TEMP
MR = 1.363 WATER TO AIR RATIO
TWout= 30 [C] COLD WATER TEMP
NTU = 1.426 MERKEL"KaV/L"
TWB= 20.6 [C] WET BULB TEMP
Ma = 10.17 [Kg/s] AIR MASS FLOW
2
FL= 2.6 [gpmft ] LOADING FACTOR* Va = 30520 [m3/hr] AIR FLOW RATE
3
V1 = 44.46 [M ] FILL VOLUME
2
B1 = 7.866 [M ] FILL BASE AREA
Z1 = 5.652 [M] FILL HIEGHT
PP = 1.983 [HP] PUMP POWER
* LOADING FACTOR FROM GRAPH Mmakeup = 2.257 [m3/hr] WATER CONSUMPTION RATE

PFAN = 2.413 [HP] FAN POWER

Qloss = 1161 [KW] HEAT LOSS FROM WATER

Qgain = 1161 [KW] HEAT GAIN BY AIR

Calculate

INPUT DATA

Pair=101.325 [KPa]
VP=27255 [m3/hr]
TWin=48.3 [C]
TWout=31.6 [C]
TWB=23.9 [C]
FL=2.75

**************************************************************************

VP
Vw =
60 · 0.00378541

Vw
L =
0.002

TW1 = ConvertTemp C , F , TW in

TW2 = ConvertTemp C , F , TW out

TWB = ConvertTemp C , F , T WB

Ka = 100

P1 = 0.145038 · P air

OUTLET AIR TEMPERATURE

File:D:\HVAC\books\EES-prog\COOLING TOWER RULE OF THUMB.EES 9/7/2013 11:07:03 PM Page 2
EES Ver. 6.883: #434: For use only by Kwangil Kim of Samsung Electronics Co.

TW1 + TW2
Ta2 =
2

Ha2 = h 'AirH2O' , T = Ta2 , P = P1 , w = w2

w2 =  'AirH2O' , T = Ta2 , P = P1 , R = 1

Ha1 = h 'AirH2O' , T = TWB , P = P1 , w = w1

w1 =  'AirH2O' , T = TWB , P = P1 , R = 1

L Ha2 – Ha1
=
G CP · TW1 – TW2

CP = 1

L
= MR
G

CWR = TW1 – TW2

AP = TW2 – TWB

WATER SIDE ENTHALPY

TW11 = TW2 + 0.1 · CWR

TW12 = TW2 + 0.4 · CWR

TW13 = TW1 – 0.4 · CWR

TW14 = TW1 – 0.1 · CWR

HW11 = h 'AirH2O' , T = TW11 , P = P1 , w = w11

HW12 = h 'AirH2O' , T = TW12 , P = P1 , w = w12

Hw13 = h 'AirH2O' , T = TW13 , P = P1 , w = w13

Hw14 = h 'AirH2O' , T = TW14 , P = P1 , w = w14

w11 =  'AirH2O' , T = TW11 , P = P1 , R = 1

w12 =  'AirH2O' , T = TW12 , P = P1 , R = 1

w13 =  'AirH2O' , T = TW13 , P = P1 , R = 1

w14 =  'AirH2O' , T = TW14 , P = P1 , R = 1

HW2 = h 'AirH2O' , T = TW1 , P = P1 , w = ww2

ww2 =  'AirH2O' , T = TW1 , P = P1 , R = 1

AIR SIDE ENTHALPY

Ha11 = Ha1 + 0.1 · CWR · MR

Ha22 = Ha1 + 0.4 · CWR · MR

File:D:\HVAC\books\EES-prog\COOLING TOWER RULE OF THUMB.EES 9/7/2013 11:07:03 PM Page 3
EES Ver. 6.883: #434: For use only by Kwangil Kim of Samsung Electronics Co.

Ha33 = Ha2 – 0.4 · CWR · MR

Ha44 = Ha2 – 0.1 · CWR · MR

MERKEL

TW1 – TW2 1 1 1 1
NTU = · + + +
4 H1 H2 H3 H4

H1 = HW11 – Ha11

H2 = HW12 – Ha22

H3 = Hw13 – Ha33

H4 = Hw14 – Ha44

LOADING FACTOR

LF = FL · 500

TOWER DIMENTIONS

TOWER HIGHT

LF
Z = NTU ·
Ka

FILL FACE AREA

Vw
B =
FL

FILL VOLUME

V = B · Z

PUMP POWER

HP = Z + 10 HEAD

HP
PP = L · 6
1.98 x 10 · 0.8

*********************************************************

M
Z1 = Z · 0.3048 ·
FT

M2
B1 = B · 0.092903 ·
FT2

M3
V1 = V · 0.028317 ·
FT3

M a = G · 0.000125998
File:D:\HVAC\books\EES-prog\COOLING TOWER RULE OF THUMB.EES 9/7/2013 11:07:03 PM Page 4
EES Ver. 6.883: #434: For use only by Kwangil Kim of Samsung Electronics Co.

Ma
Va = · 3600
1.2

**********************************************************

T a,exit = ConvertTemp F , C , Ta2

C
CWR CT = CWR · 0.555556 ·
F

C
AP CT = AP · 0.555556 ·
F

************************************************************

WATER COMSUMPTION

M = E + D + Bd

E = 0.001 · CWR · L

D = 0.002 · L

B d = 0.2 · E

kg/s 3600
M makeup = M · 0.000125998 · ·
lb m/hr 1000

***********************************************************

FAN POWER

F
P FAN =
8000

1 + w2 · a · w
 MIX =
a + w

426439
a =
Ta2 + 460 · 1000

266525
w =
Ta2 + 460 · w2 · 1000

10
F = 1 + w2 · G ·
60 ·  MIX

***************************************************************

HEAT LOAD

1000
Q loss = VP · · 4.18 · CWR CT
3600

Q gain = Ma · H a2 – H a1

KJ/KG
H a2 = Ha2 · 2.326 ·
BTU/LB M
File:D:\HVAC\books\EES-prog\COOLING TOWER RULE OF THUMB.EES 9/7/2013 11:07:03 PM Page 5
EES Ver. 6.883: #434: For use only by Kwangil Kim of Samsung Electronics Co.

KJ/KG
H a1 = Ha1 · 2.326 ·
BTU/LB M

Unit Settings: [F]/[psia]/[lbm]/[degrees]

AP = 16.92 [F] APCT = 9.4 [C]
B = 84.67 [FT2] B1 = 7.866 [M2]
Bd = 792.5 [lb/hr] CWR = 36 [F]
CWRCT = 20 [C] CP = 1
D = 220.1 [lb/hr] H1 = 18.53 [BTU/LB]
H2 = 22.08 [ BTU/LB] H3 = 27.77 [BTU/LB]
H4 = 43.08 [BTU/LB] E = 3963 [lb/hr]
F = 19308 FL = 2.6 [gpmft2]
G = 80741 [lb/hr] Ha1 = 34.6 [Btu/lbm]
Ha11 = 39.5 [BTU/LB] Ha2 = 83.67 [Btu/lbm]
Ha22 = 54.23 [BTU/LB] Ha33 = 64.04 [BTU/LB]
Ha44 = 78.77 [BTU/LB] HW11 = 58.03 [Btu/lbm]
HW12 = 76.31 [Btu/lbm] Hw13 = 91.81 [Btu/lbm]
Hw14 = 121.8 [Btu/lbm] HW2 = 134.2 [Btu/lbm]
Ha1 = 80.47 [KJ/KG] Ha2 = 194.6 [KJ/KG]
HP = 28.54 [FT] Ka = 100
L = 110072 [lb/hr] LF = 1300 [LB/HFT2]
M = 4975 [lb/hr] MR = 1.363
Ma = 10.17 [Kg/s] Mmakeup = 2.257 [m3/hr]
NTU = 1.426 P1 = 13.63 [psi]
Pair = 94 [KPa] PFAN = 2.413 [HP]
PP = 1.983 [HP] Qgain = 1161 [KW]
3
Qloss = 1161 [KW] a = 0.7561 [LB/FT ]
3 3
MIX = 0.7339 [LB/FT ] w = 8.911 [LB/FT ]
Ta2 = 104 [F] TW1 = 122 [F]
TW11 = 89.6 [F] TW12 = 100.4 [F]
TW13 = 107.6 [F] TW14 = 118.4 [F]
TW2 = 86 [F] TWB = 69.08 [F]
TWin = 50 [C] TWout = 30 [C]
Ta,exit = 40 [C] TWB = 20.6 [C]
V = 1570 [FT3] V1 = 44.46 [M3]
Va = 30520 [m3/hr] VP = 50 [m3/hr]
Vw = 220.1 [gpm] w1 = 0.01649 [LB/LB]
w11 = 0.03317 [LB/LB] w12 = 0.04722 [LB/LB]
w13 = 0.05952 [LB/LB] w14 = 0.08394 [LB/LB]
w2 = 0.05303 [LB/LB] ww2 = 0.0941 [LB/LB]
Z = 18.54 [FT] Z1 = 5.652 [M]