Subject: Elements of Mechanical Engineering

Unit-1
Short Questions (For 2 Marks)

1. What is difference between statics and dynamics

2. What is difference between kinematics and kinetics?( MTU 2012-13 ME101, GBTU
2012-13 EME102)

3. Define force and its characteristics.

4. Write Newton’s law of motion (First ,Second and Third law)

5. What is rigid body? How it is differ from elastic body (GBTU 2011-12 EME202)
6. Write the Principle of Transmissibility of Force.(UPTU 2014 NME102,GBTU2014-
15EME102,MTU 2013-14 ME101, MTU2012-13 ME201,GBTU 2012-13 EME102,GBTU
2011-12 EME102)

7. Write Parallelogram law.(MTU 2014-15,ME101)

8. Two forces 50 kN and 10 kN acting at point “O”.The included angle between them is 600.
Find the magnitude and direction of resultant force.(MTU2012-12 ME201 carryover)

9. Find the resultant force in magnitude and direction of forces P and Q acting at right
angle .(MTU 2014-15,ME101)

10. Two forces P and Q are inclined at an angle 750.Magnitude of their resultant is 100
N.The angle between resultant and P is 450. Determine the magnitude of P.(GBTU2012-
13 EME102)
11. Write Triangle’s law.

12. State and explain law of forces (MTU 2013-14 ME101)

13. What is theorem of resolved parts?

14. What is the difference between Collinear and Concurrent Force System .(MTU 2014-
15,ME101,MTU 2012-13 ME101)

15 What is Condition of Equilibrium of Coplanar Concurrent Force System. (MTU2012-13

ME201,GBTU 2011-12 EME202, UPTU 2009-10 EME202

16 Define static equilibrium of body. .(GBTU2014-15EME102, MTU 2012-13 ME101)

17 Describe the equilibrium of a body if it is acted upon by only three forces ( GBTU
2011-12 EME102)
18 State Lami’s Theorem

19 A particle is equilibrium under the influces of forces as shown in fig , Find unknown force
by using Lami’s theorem.( UPTU 2014 NME102)

20 What do you know about Free Body Diagram, give two examples?( UPTU 2014
NME102, GBTU 2012-13 EME202)

21 State Varignon’s theorem with fig. (MTU 2013-14 ME101)(MTU2012-13 ME201, MTU
2012-13 ME101, GBTU 2012-13 EME102, GBTU 2011-12 EME202)

22 What is Condition of Equilibrium of Coplanar Non-Concurrent Force System? (MTU

2013-14 ME101, MTU2012-12 ME201 carryover)
23 Determine the resultant of Coplanar Parallel force system as shown in fig (UPTU 2014
NME102)

24 Define Couple, give two examples.

25 What are different types of parallel forces? Explain in brief (GBTU 2012-13 EME102)

26 Explain the difference between moment and couple.(GBTU2012-13EME202)

27 A force of 1 kN inclined upward at an angle of 550 with horizontal axis acts at a point
(2m,3m) .Find the moment of force about the origin.( GBTU2012-13EME202)
28 What is meant by force couple system? (MTU2012-12 ME201 carryover)

29 What is the difference between Centroid and Centre of Gravity (MTU2012-13

ME201, MTU2012-12 ME201 carryover, GBTU 2012-13 EME202, GBTU 2011-12
EME202)

30 Write down the statement of parallel axis theorem with fig (MTU 2013-14 ME101,
MTU2012-13 ME201, GBTU 2012-13 EME102)

31 State perpendicular axis theorem.( MTU2012-12 ME201 carryover, GBTU 2012-13

EME102)
32 Define radius of gyration with respect to x axis of an area.( MTU 2012-13 ME101, GBTU
2012-13 EME202)

33 Distinguish between moment of inertia of an area and its polar moment of inertia.(
GBTU2012-13EME202, GBTU 2012-13 EME102)

34 What is the moment of inertia of a square plate of side “a “about its diagonal axis
.( GBTU 2011-12 EME102)

35 Moment of inertia of a circular area about an axis perpendicular to area passing through
its center is given by……………………. (GBTU2010-11 EME 202)

36 Fill in the blanks :

 If three forces acting on a body to be in equilibrium, they must be………………..
 If two forces acting on a body to be in equilibrium, they must
be…………………………..
 The resultant force of a couple is……….
 A hinge can offer ………components of reaction.
 A roller support can offer …………component of reaction.
 A fixed support can offer …………components of reaction.
 1. Parallelogram Law / Triangle law
(a) Two forces equal to P and 2P respectively act on a particle. When the first force is
increased by 120 N and the second force is doubled, the direction of the resultant
remains the same. Determine the value of force P. Ans (120N)
(b) Determine the horizontal force and a force inclined at an angle of 60⁰ with the vertical
whose resultant equals a vertical force F. Ans (2F, √3F)
(c) The resultant of two forces is 10N and it is inclined at 600 to one of the forces whose
magnitude is 5N. Determine the magnitude and direction of the other force.
(300, 8.66N)
(d) The resultant of two forces P and Q is 200N and it makes an angle of 300 with the
horizontal as shown in fig Determine the magnitude of component P and Q. (Fig 1)
(100.38N, 164.4N)

(Fig 1) (Fig 2)
(e) Find components Fa and Fb of force 100N by triangle law. Ans 128.56 N, 66.27 N
(Fig 2)

(f) sss4 Determine components Fa and Fb of 500 N force in direction shown. Use
triangle law. Ans 442.28 N, 542.53 N (Fig 3)

(g) Find resultant of 2 forces using triangle law. Ans 50.52 N, 47.05

Fig 3 Fig 4

2 Concurrent Force System /Equilibrim of Coplanar Concurrent Force

system
(a) Determine the resultant, both in magnitude and direction, of the four forces acting on the
body as shown in fig1 (3.034kN, 68.860)
(b) Find the unknown force 𝐹3 in the system of forces as shown, if 𝐹1 =100 N, 𝐹2 =150 N and
the resultant of three forces (F1, F2 and F3 ) is 200 N. Ans 311.79 N, 51.12⁰.
(MTU 2013-14 odd). Fig 2

(c) Forces 2, √3, 5, √3 and 2 kN respectively act at one of angular points of a regular
hexagon towards five other points, Determine the magnitude and direction of the
resultant force. Ans R=10 kN, α= 60⁰. (UPTU 2005-6)
(d) Determine the magnitude and direction of the resultant of the following set of forces
acting on a body (i) 200 N inclined 30◦ with east towards north,(ii) 250 N towards the
north, (iii) 300N towards north west, and (iv) 350N inclined to 400 with west towards
south. What will be the equilibrium of the given force system? (456 N, 137.670)
(e) The force system shown in the adjoining fig. has a resultant of 2kN acting up along the
Y-axis. Make calculations for the force F both in magnitude and direction
(4.33kN, 47.60)
(f) The resultant of four forces which are acting at a point O as shown is along y axis. Find
the magnitude and direction of force F2 if resultant is 72 kN. Ans 16.77 kN, 47.46 degree

(g) The four coplanar forces are acting at a point as shown. The resultant is 500 N and is
acting along x-axis. Determine the unknown force P and its direction. Ans 286.5 N, 53.25
degree

3 Lami’s Theorem
(a) An electric light fixture weighing 50N hangs from point C by two strings AC and BC as
shown in fig. The string AC is inclined at 60◦ to the horizontal and string BC is 45◦ to the
 vertical. Using Lami’s theorem or otherwise determine the forces in the strings AC and
BC. Ans 36.6N, 25.88N (Similar MTU 2012-13 even)
(b) A particle is in equilibrium under influence of forces as shown. Find unknown forces
using Lami’s theorem. (UPTU 2014-15 odd)

(c) A smooth sphere of radius 15 cm and weight 2 N is supported in contact with a smooth
vertical wall by a string whose length equals the radius of sphere. The string joins a point
on the wall and a point on the surface of sphere. Workout inclination and the tension in
the string and reaction of the wall. Ans 2.31N, 1.15N (Similar MTU 2012-13 even)
(d) A string ABC of length 50 cm is tied to two points A and C at the same level. A smooth
ring of weight 500N which can slide along the string is at B, 30cm away from A along the
string and pulled by a horizontal force P as shown in fig . If point B is 15cm below the
level of AC, determine the magnitude of force P.It may be presumed that tension in the
string on both sides of B are same (82N)

(e) A string 2m long is tied to the ends of a uniform rod that weights 60N and is 1.6m long.
The string passes over a nail, so that the rod hangs horizontally. Make calculations for
the tension in the string. (50N),
4 Non-concurrent Force System
(a) Forces equal to P, 2P, 3P and 4P act along the sides AB, BC, CD and DA of a square
ABCD. Find the magnitude, direction and line of action of the resultant.
(2√2P, 450 , x=2.5a from A)
(b) Three forces equal to 1kN, 2kN and 3kN are respectively acting in order along the three
sides of an equilateral triangle. Make calculations for the magnitude, direction and
position of their resultant.
(1.732kN,90o,d=3a)
(c) A horizontal beam AD of length 12m is acted upon by a set of forces as shown in fig.
Determine the magnitude, direction and position of the resultant from A (3.279kN,
83.170, x= 4.25m)
(d) An angle bracket has been subjected to three forces and a couple as shown in fig.
Determine the resultant of this system of forces. Proceed to locate the points where the
line of action of the resultant intersects line AB and the line BC. (149.33N,
22.960,x=0.292m)

(e) 8 For the force system acting on a body OABC as shown in fig, make calculation for the
magnitude and direction of resultant force. Proceed to determine (i) the distance of
resultant force from point O, and (ii) the points where the resultant meets the x axis and
y axis. (10N,36.870,2m)
(f) Four forces and a couple are acting on a rectangular plate as shown in fig. Find their
resultant and its position from corner A. (MTU 2013-14 even).
5 Equilibrium of Bodies

(a) A uniform wheel weighing 20kN and of 600mm diameter rests against 150mm thick
rigid block as shown in fig. Considering all surfaces to be smooth, determine (a) the
least pull through the centre of wheel to just turn the wheel over the corner of the
block,(b) the reaction of the block. Ans 17.32kN,10kN, (MTU 2012-13 odd)
(b) A roller of weight 500N has a radius of 120mm and is pulled over a step of height
60mm by a horizontal force P. Find magnitude of P to just start the roller over the
step .(288.67N)

(c) A square block of 25cm side and weighing 20N is hinged at A and rest on rollers at B
(Fig). It is pulled by a string attached at C and inclined at 300 with the horizontal.
Make calculations for the force P to be applied that the block gets just lifted off the
roller. (7.323N)
(d) A smooth circular cylinder of radius 1.5 meter is lying in a triangular groove, one side
of which makes 150 angle and the other 400 angle with the horizontal. Find the
reactions at the surfaces of contact, if there is no friction and the cylinder weights
100N. (Khurmi/5.5/71) (78.5N, 31.6N)

(e) Two smooth spheres P,Q each of radius 25 cm and weighing 500N , rest in a
horizontal channel having vertical walls (Fig.) If the distance between the walls is 90
cm , make calculation for the pressure exerted on the wall and floor at points of
contact A,B and C. (666.66N, 666.66N, 1000N)
(f) Two cylinders of masses m1=100kg. and m2=50 kg. are connected by a rigid bar of
negligible weight hinged at each cylinder. Determine magnitude of force P for
equilibrium.
(g) A smooth cylinder of radius 500mm rests on a horizontal plane and is kept from
rolling by inclined string of length 1000mm. A bar AB of length 1500 mm and weight
1000N is hinged at A and placed against the cylinder of negligible weight. Determine
tension in the string. (T=433.01N)
(h) A hollow right circular cylinder of radius 800 mm is open at both ends and rests on a
smooth horizontal plane as shown in fig. Inside the cylinder there are two spheres
having weights 1kN and 3kN and radii 400mmand 600mm, respectively. The lower
sphere also rests on the horizontal plane. Neglecting, friction find the minimum
weight W of the cylinder for which it will not tip over. (W=0.75kN)

(i) A 600 N cylinder is supported by the frame BCD as shown in fig .The frame is hinged
at D. Determine the reactions at A,B,C and D.
(RA=RC=200N,RB=600N,RD=632.456N)
(j) Two spheres rest in a smooth trough as shown in Fig Find forces at point of contacts.
(Rc=138.07N,R=243.03N,RA=159.43N,RB=620.28N)
6 Support and Reaction
(a) Find the reactions at supports A and B in the beam AB as shown in fig.5
(RAH=15.9293kN, RAV=85.5468kN,RA=87.0172kN at 79.45o, RB=100.4475kN)

(b) Determine reaction at A and B as shown in fig 1 (RA=5.83kN.RB=54.17kN)

(c) Fig. 2 shows a system of levers supporting a load of 100N. Determine the reactions at A and B on
the lever. (RA=120N.RB=180N)

(d) A beam has been loaded and supported as shown in fig 3 given below. Determine the reactions
at the support points A and B. (RAH=21.65kN, RAV=5.125kN,RB=27.875kN)

(e) Find the reaction at fixed end of cantilever as shown in fig

(f) A cantilever beam is loaded as shown in fig 15 , calculate reaction at its fixed end D.

(g) A beam ABCDEF 12 m long is supported at A and B as shown in fig. 11 . Determine the reactions
at A and E. (RE=113.33kN,,RA=71.67kN)

(h)

(i)

(j)
7 Centroid of Area
1- 2-

Ans 𝑥̅ = 46.09 mm, 𝑦̅ = 32.20

Ans 𝑦̅ = 60.78 UPTU 2001-2 Pachauri 5.25
3- 4-

MTU 2012-13
Ans 𝑥̅ = 182.4 mm, 𝑦̅ = 159.8 UPTU 2003-4 odd

5- 6-

MTU 2012-13 even

Ans 𝑥̅ = 123.75 mm, 𝑦̅ = 69.38 mm

UPTU 2000-1 odd, 2009-10
7- 8-

Ans 22.49 cm, UPTU 2011-12 Similar

Kuldeep Singh
Ans 𝑥̅ = 41.67 mm, 𝑦̅ = 0 UPTU 2002-3
SKS 5.12
9- 10-

Ans 𝑥̅ = 29.05 , 𝑦̅ = 229.5

Similar UPTU 2014-15 odd SKS 5.10
Ans 𝑥̅ = 5.48 cm , 𝑦̅ =3.66 cm SKS 5.15
11- 12-

Ans 𝑥̅ = 8.74 , 𝑦̅ = 11.23 Ans d/4(2π-1) DSK 6.8

SKS 5.23