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Verb
Verb
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Chapter 5
The Verb
A Verb is a word that tells or asserts something about a person or thing.
Verb comes from the Latin verbum which means a word.
e.g.
Transitive verbs:
Transitive verbs is a verb that denotes an action which passes
over from the doer or subject to an object.
e.g.
The boy learnt his lesson.
He ate an apple.
Double Transitive:
Some verbs (e.g. give, promise, bring, buy, send, show, offer, tell,
etc) take two objects, one as a direct object and other as indirect object.
Such verbs are called Double Transitive Verbs.
e.g.
I gave him a pen.
(D O) (I O)
Intransitive verbs
An Intransitive Verb is a Verb that denotes an action
which does not pass over to an object, or which expresses a state or being.
Or
The verb that does not take an object is called Intransitive Verb.
e.g.
Most verbs can be used both as Transitive and as Intransitive verbs. It is, therefore,
better to say that a verb is used Transitively or Intransitively rather than that it is
Transitive or Intransitive.
Note: Some Verbs (e.g. come, go, fall, die, sleep, lie, denote actions which
cannot be done to anything. They can, therefore, never be used Transitively.
Exercise 5.1
Name the Verbs in the following sentences, and tell in each case whether the Verb is
Transitive or Intransitive. Where the Verb is Transitive name the Object.
Dynamic Verbs:
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English Composition and Comprehension rizwanrajpootpk@yahoo.com
English Grammar and Learning Skills
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Dynamic Verbs use to describe activities or events which can begin and finish.
They are also called action verbs.
Some common Stative and Dynamic Verbs are given below to understand their
concept.
An Auxiliary / Helping Verb is used to help another verb (Principal / Main / Lexical
Verb).
e.g.
I shall go.
We have come
Note: A verb that is used to help an Auxiliary Verb is called a Principal / Main /
Lexical Verb, unlike auxiliary verb, have their own meaning.
These are the verbs ‘be’, ‘do’ and ‘have’. We can use these three verbs as helping
verbs or as main verbs.
(Note: these are also primary helping verbs : am ,be, been, being, did, do, does,
had, has, have, is, are, was, were)
Exercise 5.2
Choose the correct alternative :
S+
We/You/They Were we/you/they
Past was/were We/You/They
were working. working?
Progressive + were not working.
or while infinitive
I/He/She was I/He/She wasn't Was I/he/she
Past +
working. working. working?
Continuous -ing
Simple
S+
Past
had +
Perfect already I/We/You/They/H I/We/You/They/He/ Had
past
or just e/She had She hadn't I/we/you/they/he/sh
participle
Past never worked. worked. e worked?
Perfect
(Simple)
Past Perfect S+
how
Progressive had + I/We/You/They/H I/We/You/They/He/ Had
long
or been + e/She had been She hadn't been I/we/you/they/he/sh
since
Past Perfect infinitive working. working. e been working?
for
Continuous + ing
Exercise 5.4
Fill in the Past Tense or Past Participle of verb given:
1. See -- It is years since I ----saw--- him. He has -seen-- his best days.
2. Fall -- Of late the custom has --- into disuse. The lot --- upon him.
3. Drink -- The toast was --- with great enthusiasm.
4. Speak -- He --- freely when he had drunk alcohol. Marathi is --- in Maharashtra.
5. Wear -- My patience --- out at last. The inscription has --- away in several places.
6. Tear -- In a fit of rage she --- up the letter. The country is --- by factions.
7. Sting -- He has been --- by a scorpion. The remark --- him.
8. Run -- You look as if you had --- all the way home. He --- for his life.
9. Forget -- Once Sydney Smith, being asked his name by the servant, found to his
dismay that he had --- his own name.
10. Choose -- A better day for a drive could not have been ---.
11. Come -- Computer technology has --- a long way since the 1970s.
12. Bite -- The old beggar was --- by a mad dog. A mad dog --- him.
13. Swim -- The boy has --- across the Indus.
14. Write -- I think he should have --- and told us. Honesty is --- on his face.
15. Lay -- He -- the book on the table. He had not --- a finger on him. They --- their
heads together.
16. Lie -- We --- beneath a spreading oak. He has long --- under suspicion.
BSIT-Second Semester Rizwan Rajpoot
English Composition and Comprehension rizwanrajpootpk@yahoo.com
English Grammar and Learning Skills
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17. Take -- A beautiful short from cover point --- of the ball. He has --- a fancy to the
boy.
18. Go -- Recently the price of sugar has --- up. The argument --- home. The verdict -
-- against him.
19. Begin -- He had --- his speech before we arrived. He --- to talk non sense.
20. Bid -- Do as you are ---. He --- us good-bye. He --- two thousand rupees for the
pony.
21. Ring -- Has the warning-bell ? I --- him up on the telephone.
22. Steal -- Someone has --- my purse. She --- his heart.
23. So -- You must reap what you have ---.
24. Drive -- Poor fellow ! he was --- very hard. They say he --- a hard bar gain.
25. Sing -- It seemed to me that she had never --- so well. Our bugles --- truce.
26. Shake -- He was much --- by the news. His voice --- as he spoke.
27. Eat -- He is --- up with pride. In the end he --- his words.
28. Do -- Let us have --- with it. I --- my duty.
29. Spring -- Homer describes a race of men who --- from the gods. The ship --- a
leak.
30. Show -- Has Rustum --- you his camera? He --- a clean pair of heels.
31. Freeze -- The explorers were --- to death. The blood --- in their veins.
32. Strike -- I was --- by a stone. It never --- me before that he was old.
33. Mistake -- I found upon inquiry that I had --- the house. He --- me for my brother.
34. Shoe -- Go, ask the terrier whether he has --- the horses yet.
35. Strew -- His path was --- with flowers.
36. Sink -- His voice gradually --- to a whisper. --- And thousands had --- to the
ground overpowered.
37. Tread -- Walking through the jungle, he --- on a snake.
38. Rise -- He has --- from the ranks. As his friends expected he --- to the occasion.
39. Beat -- On the arrival of a policeman, he --- a hasty retreat. He --- the Afghans in
a bloody battle. It was not the only battle in which they were ---.
40. Blow -- The tempest --- the ship ashore.
41. Catch -- Walking on the beach, we --- sight of a strange bird. He has --- a Tartar.
42. Have -- After the storm we --- a spell of fine weather.
43. Meet -- I --- a little cottage girl. The poor fellow has --- with many reverses.
44. Sleep -- We thought her dying when she ---.
45. Get -- He has --- hold of the wrong end of the stick.
46. Lead -- The faithful dog --- his blind master.
47. Awake -- And his disciples came to him, and --- him. I was soon --- from this
disagreeable reverie.
48. Bear -- I was --- away by an impulse.
49. Stand -- It has --- the test of time.
50. Sit -- He has, --- for the examination.
51. Know -- He says he has never --- sickness. I --- his antecedents.
52. Bind -- The prisoner was --- hand and foot.
53. Break -- He has --- his collar-bone.
54. Breed -- What is --- in the bone will not wear out of the flesh.
55. Strive -- I --- with none, for none was worth my strife.
I/We.You/
S+ I/We.You/ Would I/we.you/
Conditional They/He/She
would + They/He/She would they/he/she
Simple would
infinitive work. work?
notwork.
Conditional
would + I/We.You/
Progressive I/We.You/ Would I/we.you/
be + They/He/She
or They/He/She would they/he/she be
infinitive wouldn't be
Conditional be working. working?
+ ing working.
Continuous
I/We.You/
would +
I/We.You/ They/He/She Would I/we.you/
Conditional have +
They/He/She would wouldn't they/he/she have
Perfect past
have worked. have worked?
participle*
worked.
Conditional
Perfect would + I/We.You/
Progressive have + I/We.You/ They/He/She Would I/we.you/
or been + They/He/She would wouldn't they/he/she have
Conditional infinitive have been working. have been been working?
Perfect + ing working.
Continuous
Exercise 5.6
Use ‘Can’ or ‘Could’.
1. __________he understand what you were talking about?
2. I ________drive a bus.
3. My brother________ play tennis now.
4. I ________walk when I was less than a year old.
5. ________you tell me what time it is, please?
6. My grandmother ________walk without any hello last night.
7. How long have you ________drive?
8. I________ help you later.
9. Can you help me? I ________never understand this.
10. I __________could drive the car when I was young.
Exercise5.7
Fill in the blanks with ‘does’ or ‘do’.
1. The poor _______not run after money.
2. _____you know him?
3. That _________not mean, I ________ not like her.
4. Please _________not smoke here.
5. _______anybody know the answer?
6. They _______not want to play.
7. It ________not matter where you put it.
8. Those sheep _________ not belong to that former.
9. My feet ______ not get tired easily.
10. Everyone here __________not know about it.
Exercise5.8
Fill in the blanks with ‘has’ or ‘have’.
1. He _________a law degree.
2. They_________ gone to cinema.
3. Only one of the students _______failed the test.
4. I _______come here to borrow your book.
5. ________you ever done online banking?
6. We ________not done our homework yet.
7. Each of you______ to pay a dollar.
8. Does he _______a bicycle?
9. What ________she got to say about this?
Exercise:5.9
Choose the correct word from (go, goes) for each sentence.
1. The earth ________round the sun.
2. He ________school by bus.
3. I often ______to the library.
4. She wants to ________the library.
5. She does not ________to the library.
6. Every one of us must_______ to university.
7. Every one of us usually ________to college early.
8. He too has to _______to school.
Exercise.5.11
Exercise:5.12
Use the present continuous tense (is/are + present participle) of the words in
brackets.
1. We are too late. The train ________ (leave).
2. Look at what he _______ (do).
3. My father _________ (go) to Paris next month.
4. She says, she________ (cook) for dinner this evening.
5. I think she ________ (write) a letter at the moment.
6. Why _______he _______ (break) up those boxes.
7. He ________ (come) on the one O’ clock train tomorrow.
Exercise 5.13
Use the present perfect tense (has/have + past participle) of the words in brackets.
1. We _______not _________ (see) her since we last met her.
2. He _____________ (teach) us for two years and is still teaching.
3. She_________ already________ (throw) away her old dresses.
4. I _________already_________ (tell) them to hurry up.
5. __________you_______ (be) to see your old uncle recently?
6. My parents _________never________ (go) to London.
7. They _____________ (just meet) your brother.
8. Our baby _________ (sleep) for more than eight hours.
9. I ________not_________ (choose) the one I want yet.
10. You______________(not eat) you dinner yet.
Exercise 5.14
Use the present perfect continuous tense (has/have + been+ present participle) of
the words in brackets.
1. They ____________ (visit) their parents since they shifted out.
2. She ____________ (talk) for an hour and when is she going to stop?
3. His friends______________ (wait) for him since 7 O’ clock.
4. What _________you__________ (do) since this morning.
5. I have fond it. I ______________ (search) for it for two days.
6. He ______________ (eat) here for whole week and he is not coming back.
7. We _____________ (see) each other regularly since we became friends.
8. Why _____________you__________ (keep) this matter a secret?
BSIT-Second Semester Rizwan Rajpoot
English Composition and Comprehension rizwanrajpootpk@yahoo.com
English Grammar and Learning Skills
Page 20 of 25
9. Her mother______________ (pray) for good luck at that temple.
10. My sister ________________ (try) to write a book since last year.
Exercise 5.15
Use the simple past tense of the words in brackets.
Exercise 5.16
Use the past continuous tense (was/were + present participle) of the words in
brackets.
1. While I ________ (wait) for you, I fell asleep.
2. He ______ (swim) at 4 O’ clock yesterday.
3. Some students __________ (not listen) while the teacher_______ (speak).
4. We ______ (play) football when it started to rain.
5. When I ________ (walk) home, I saw a dog barking at the postman.
6. She and her friend ______ (shop) yesterday evening.
7. When they arrived, I ________ (bathe).
8. While one worker________ (paint), another_______ (mix) some paint.
9. What ________you__________ (do) when I was not at home?
10. They ________ (jog) early this morning.
Exercise 5.17
Use the past perfect tense (had + past participle) of the words in brackets.
1. After we ____________ (see) the movie, we went for a ride.
2. He __________________already _______________ (leave) when we arrived.
3. I _____________just ____________ (shut) the door when the telephone rang.
4. They ate the food that I ____________ (buy).
5. She ____________ (ate) her lunch when I reached home.
6. My father ____________ (drink) a glass of milk before he slept.
7. “I fell down”. He said that he ____________ of the verbs given in the brackets
down.
8. “I cut my finger”. She said that she ____________ (cut) her finger.
9. I arrived at the cinema after the film _____________ (start)
10. The train ____________already ____________ (go) when we reached the
station.
Exercise 5.18
Use the past perfect continuous (had + been+ present participle) tense of the
words in brackets.
1. She ________________ (sleep) before she was woken by the loud thunder.
2. The patient ____________ (groan) when the doctor arrived.
3. The little boy______________ (play) with fire before he was burnt.
4. _______________you_______________ (try) to get me before I called?
5. What _________________the child______________ (do) before she was
scolded by her other?
6. They __________ (talk) for over an hour before Tony arrived.
7. She ____________ (work) at that company for three years when it went out of
business.
8. How long _______ you________ (wait) to get on the bus?
9. Mike wanted to sit down because he ______________ (stand) all day at work.
10. James _______________ (teach) at the university for more than a year before
he left for Asia.
Exercise 5.19
Fill in the blanks with ‘was’ or ‘were’.
1. He ________here five minutes ago.
2. This _________the dress she wore last week.
3. They ___________still young when their parents died.
4. One of the eggs ____________broken.
5. There ____________some oranges on the table.
6. ____________you tired after the game?
7. She____________ not at home when I called.
8. Yesterday I saw a rainbow as I ____________driving car.
9. We ___________supposed to arrive early but the train was late.
10. Those _______________people who helped the victims.
"Will" often suggests that a speaker will do something voluntarily. A voluntary action
is one the speaker offers to do for someone else. Often, we use "will" to respond to
someone else's complaint or request for help. We also use "will" when we request
that someone help us or volunteer to do something for us. Similarly, we use "will not"
or "won't" when we refuse to voluntarily do something.
Examples:
Examples:
Exercise 5.20
Use simple future tense ( will/shall + ) of the verbs given in the brackets.
Exercise 5.21
Use simple future continuous tense (will/shall be + present participle) of the verbs
given in the brackets.
1. This time tomorrow Tom ________________ (fly) over the Atlantic on his way to
Boston.
2. They are getting married on Saturday. All the guests_________________ (wear)
white.
3. The following week they ______________________ (enjoy) the sun in the West
Indies.
4. You should have no problem finding him. He ___________________ (carry) a
guitar.
5. You ________________ (wait) for her when her plane arrives tonight.
BSIT-Second Semester Rizwan Rajpoot
English Composition and Comprehension rizwanrajpootpk@yahoo.com
English Grammar and Learning Skills
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6. You _____not ________ (wait) for her when her plane arrives tonight.
7. I ________________ (watch) TV when she arrives tonight.
8. He ________________ (study) at the library tonight, so he will not see Jennifer
when she arrives.
9. At midnight tonight, we _______ still __________ (drive) through the desert.
10. Tonight, they ______________ (eat) dinner, __________ (discuss) their plans,
and having a good time.
11. While Ellen is reading, Tim ________________ (watch) television.
12. I ________________ (sleep).
13. I _______ not _____________ (work).
14. you __________ not ___________ (read).
15. they ___________ not ______________ (sleep).
16. what ___________ I ______________ (do)?
17. where ___________ you _____________ (work)?
Exercise 5.22
Use future perfect (will/shall have + past participle) of the verbs given in the brackets.
Exercise 5.23
1. You ______________________ (wait) for more than two hours when her plane
finally arrives.
2. ________ you ________________ (wait) for more than two hours when her
plane finally arrives?
3. You __________ not ________________ (wait) for more than two hours when
her plane finally arrives.
4. They ______________________ (talk) for over an hour by the time Thomas
arrives.
5. James ____________________ (teach) at the university for more than a year by
the time he leaves for Asia.
6. How long ___________you _______________ (study) when you graduate?
7. When you finish your English course, ________ you _______________ (live) in
New Zealand for over a year?
8. ___________ you only _________________ (wait) for a few minutes when her
plane arrives?
9. The famous artist ______________________ (paint) the mural for over six
months by the time it is finished
10. He ______________ not ______________ (cook).
11. It ______________ not ______________ (rain).
12. We ______________ not ______________ (exercise).
13. ______________ you ______________ (sleep)?
14. ______________ we ______________ (exercise)?
15. I _________ not ______________ (work).
16. You ______________ not ______________ (sleep).
17. She ______________ not ______________ (study).
18. Where ______________ I ______________ (work)?
19. Where ______________ she ______________ (study)?
20. What ______________ he ______________ (cook)?
21. How long ______________ it ______________ (rain)?
22. Where ______________ we ______________ (exercise)?
23. How long ______________ they ______________ (travel)?