Graphitization : 800℉~1100℉ (Economizer/Steam 배관 : 850℉~1025℉), Mo (0.5Mo/1.0Mo), Cr (0.

7%), 1000℉ (5
년), 850℉ (30~40년)

Spherodization : 850℉~1400℉, 1025℉ (Graphitization/Spherodization)

Temper Embrittlement : 650℉~1070℉, 1972년 이전, Mn/Si, P/Sn/Sb/As, 900/850℉, Intergranular, MPT (25%),
125℉~350℉, 1150℉ (2hour/inch), J(100)/X(15), (P+Sn) < 0.01%,

Strain Aging : 1980년, Al 0.015%,

885℉ Embrittlement : 600℉~1000℉, 700℉~1000℉, 1100℉

Sigma Phase Embrittlement : HK/HP (Ferrite : 10~40%) 17Cr (400 Series SS), 1000℉~1700℉, 300 Series SS (10~15%),
PWHT 1275℉, 500℉/1000℉, Cr/Mo, 1950℉, Ferrite 5~9% (SS347)

Brittle Fracture : 1987 Addenda 이전, UCS 66, Localized Necking, Limited Intergranular Cracking

Creep and Stress Rupture : 25℉/15%, 1Cr~1.25Cr

Thermal Fatigue : 200℉, Wide, Single or Multiple, Dagger, Crazing/Circumferential (Soot Blowing)

Short Term Overheating

Steam Blanketing : Carbon/Low Alloy Steel

Thermal Shock : Craze Crack, PT/MT

Refractory Degradation : Oxidation, Sulfidation, Flue Gas Dew Point Corrosion (Sulfurous Acid)

Graphitic Corrosion : 200℉ 이하

Decarburization : Cr/Mo

Nitriding : Ammonia/Cyanide, 600℉(Initiation) / 770℉(Preferential Grain Boundary Nitriding) / 900℉ (Severe), Ni

30~80%, Creep Strength/Ductility/Toughness 저하, Dull/Dark Gray, ~12Cr (Volume Expansion), 400~500HBN,
Magnetic, ECT

Sulfate SCC : 10~15년, Transgranular, Cleaning (5년)

Phenol Corrosion : 250℉ 이하 (Mild), 450℉ 이상 (Severe), 5~15% (Corrosive), 30fps, Dew + 30℉