Professional Documents
Culture Documents
9. What will be the applicable mandatory Edition and addenda for ASME
Sec. VIII, Div. 1 to be used if contract for manufacturing a new vessel
was signed on 14 December 20011?
a. 2010 edition and 2011 addenda
b. 2009 edition and 2010 addenda
c. 2010 edition
d. None of the above
10. Term E used in shell thickness formula in ASME Sec. VIII Div.1,
represents weld joint efficiency, whose value is equal to 1, if:
a. Longitudinal and circumferential welds are radiographed for their
entire length
b. Longitudinal welds are radiographed for their entire length and
circumferential welds are spot radiographed.
c. Both welds are spot radiographed
d. a and b above
12. In certain MP. Check of pr. Vessel, The size of "indication" for a
certain discontinuity was seen as 4 mm but after the MP. Check and
using magnifying glass it was seen having actual size as 2.5mm only.
If stipulated acceptance criteria for that type of discontinuity was 3
mm, your decision is:
a. The size of indication is higher than 3mm. Reject.
b. The size of discontinuity is lower than 3 mm, Accept.
c. Depends on opinion of Examiner.
d. Depends on the procedure adopted for MPI, i.e dry or wet particles.
13. ASME Code requires averaging of impact test values of how many
specimen for the relevant acceptance criteria.
a. 2
b. 3
c. 4
d. None of these
14. A stainless steel weld has a crack open to the surface. Which NDT method
will reveal it effectively?
a. Liquid Penetrant
b. Magnetic particle
c. Radiography
d. All of above.
15. PQR document normally may be revised and re submitted for acceptance.
a. True
b. False
c. Depends on company policy
d. Depends on Third party inspector’s discretion.
20. As per ASME Sec. VIII Div. 1, “Weld joint category” means:
a. Type of weld, i.e., Single V type, Double V type, U type etc.
b. Type of weld, i.e., Full penetration, partial penetration etc.
c. Location of weld, i.e., longitudinal, circumferential, nozzle
attachment welds etc.
d. Type of weld joint, i.e., Butt-weld joint, fillet weld joint, lap joint, etc
.
1. ASME codes edition is issued once in 3 years and addenda, once a year –
both on 1 July. Edition and addenda become effective on 1 st January of
next year (i.e., 6 months after issue).
6. Depths of 2:1 Ellip and hemisph. heads are D/4 and D/2 respectively. (D=
Head diameter.)
8. Weld Types:
Type 1: Full penetration welds ( Typically Double welded)
Type 2: Welds with Backing strip.
Type 3: Single welded partial penetration welds.
Type 4, 5, 6 are various Lap welds (rarely used)
E= 85% ( SPOT RT )
E= 70%, ( NIL RT )
11. For seamless heads, E=1, If head to shell weld is fully radiographed
( if Cat. A), and at least spot radio graphed (if Cat. B)
12. For Welded Heads for E=1, all welds within the head require full length
radiography (since they are all Cat A welds) and head to shell weld is fully
radiographed (if Cat A), or at least spot radiographed (if Cat. B)
14. MAWP is calculated for: Working condition (Hot & Corroded). Vessel
MAWP is always taken at the top of the Vessel and is lowest of all part
MAWPs adjusted for static pressure.
3. Pressure Gauge range should be about twice the Test Pressure, However, in
any case it shall not be lower than 1.5 times and not higher than 4 times the
Test Pressure.
7. If part MAWP and elevations are known, Vessel MAWP can be calculated by
the deducting hydrostatic pressure from part MAWP.
4B
Allowable Ext. Pressure, Pa =
3Do / t
For values of A falling to left of material line in the material chart,
2 AE
Pa =
3( Do / t )
10. Name plate shows The Code stamping, MAWP, design temp., MDMT, and
Extent of Radiography.
11. For the impact test requirement, use UCS 66 curve. If MDMT-thickness
combination falls on or above the curve, impact testing is exempted.
Additional Exemptions are given as per UG-20(f) and UCS 68 (c).
12. ASME materials (SA) shall be used for code stamped vessel fabrication
instead of ASTM (A) materials.
2. Reinforcement pad with OD = 2d and thk = vessel thk is always safe (d= dia
of finished opening)
8. The maximum permitted ovality tolerance (D max – D min) shall not exceed
1% of nominal diameter of vessel.
If there is opening, then the tolerance can be increased by 2% x d (d =
diameter of opening) if measurement is taken within a distance of ‘d’ from
axis of opening.
11. For use as pressure parts, the plates shall be fully identified. Maximum
permitted under tolerance on plates is 0.01” (0.3 mm) or 6% of ordered
thickness, whichever is less.
12. All Welding (including welding of pr. parts to load carrying non-pr. parts)
shall be done using Qualified procedures and welders
13. Mandatory Full Radiography is required for all welding with thickness
exceeding Table UCS-57, and also for lethal service vessels and Unfired
boilers with Design Pr. More than 50 psig.
15. For Furnace PWHT, Loading Temperature shall not exceed 800 deg. F,
Max. heating rate 400 deg F/hr/inch of thickness, Max. cooling rate 500 deg.
F /hr/inch of thickness. Still air cooling permitted below 800 deg. F. During
Soaking period, the temperature difference between hottest and coldest
part shall not exceed 150 deg. F.
1. API 510 is applicable to vessels that have been placed in service, and it
cannot be adopted for new constructions.
12. Prior to any inspection, safety rules (OSHA or other) shall be reviewed
and followed. NDT equipment shall be as per Safety rules and Protective
clothing shall be used where required.
MAWP = SEt/(R+0.6t)
Where t = t actual – 2 x Cn
Cn = metal loss up to next inspection
a. Remaining thickness below the pit is greater than half the required
thickness.
b. Total pit area does not exceed 7 square inches within 8 inch
diameter circle.
c. Total sum along any line in circle does not exceed 2 inches.
5. For surface remote from weld, (weld E < 1), shell thickness can be
recalculated with E = 1. Shell area is considered remote from weld if it lies
on either side weld beyond 1” or 2 times the thickness (whichever is
greater).
6. For dished Heads, the Crown portion lies within a circle concentric to dish
but with circle dia. = 0.8 x shell dia.
8. For ellipsoidal head K1 depends on D/2h ratio (h=head depth) For 2:1
Ellipsoidal Head, K1 = 0.9
12. If 10 year limit Is increased based on RBI, the RBI assessment shall be
reviewed and approved by both Pressure Vessel Engineer and Inspector
at intervals not exceeding 10 years or more often if LOF or COF changes.
5. Pressure test:
14. For all other materials other than 12 and 13 above, PWHT shall be carried
out after repair if it was carried out originally as per code of construction.
3. For repair welds, the weld preparation before welding, and the completed
weld shall be checked by PT or MT. Additionally, the butt-welds shall be
radiographed by the rules of original Code of construction (depending on
joint efficiency).
4. The carbon and alloy steel materials used in making repairs and
alterations shall not have carbon content over 0.35%.
6. Insert patches must be with full penetration welds. Fillet patches shall be
approved by P.V. Engineer. Normally, a fillet patch equivalent to
reinforced opening is okay.
7. Normally, temporary repairs are replaced by permanent repairs at next
available maintenance opportunity. But temporary repairs can remain for
longer period if approved by P.V. engineer.
9. Full encircle lap band is considered as long term repair for other than
cracks.
10. Full encircle lap band is considered as long term repair for other than
cracks.
11. Re-rating calculations shall be done by pressure vessel engineer, and the
inspector shall oversee the new stamping or New name plate showing
rerating (new MAWP, temp.) is attached to vessel.
13. Tension test gives tensil value, while bend test shows ductility and
soundness. Radiography also indicates soundness.
Thus, Procedure Qualification : by Tension test + Bend test
Performance Qualification: by Bend test or Radiography
15. Bend test crack shall not exceed 1/8” in any direction. Radiography criteria
are stricter than radiography for job.
19. EV and SEV are included in PQR document. EV, SEV and NEV are
included in WPS document.
20. PQR gives data used in PQR test and test results, and cannot be revised.
21. WPS gives parameters to be used in production job, and must be within
ranges qualified by the PQR test.
22. WPS may be revised within the EVs qualified. The NEVs can always be
revised without affecting validity of PQR.
24. Welder who welds test coupon for procedure qualification test in certain
position also qualifies for performance in that position if procedure
Qualification was OK
1. GENERAL:
2. FOR RT:
c. Density Limitations:
Min 1.8 for X Ray / 2.0 for G-Ray
Max 4.0 for X / G Ray
Density Variation = -15 % to + 30%
FOR PT:
a. Control of Contaminants: Sulphur (for Nickel alloys) shall not exceed
1% of residue. Chlorine + Fluorine (for S.S. and Titanium) shall not
exceed 1% of residue.
b. Temp. shall be between 10oC to 52oC, for standard procedures.
c. Penetrants are colour (visible) type and fluorescent type. Each of these
have:
water washable
post emulsifying
solvent removable
Thus, total 6 categories of penetrant are available.
d. Emulsifier is applied after applying penetrant and required dwell time is
completed. Lipopholic emulsifier is applied without pre-rinsing.
Hydropholic emulsifier is applied after pre-rinsing.
e. For dwell time for penetrant and developer refer Table T-672.
f. After applying developer, interpretation shall be done within 10 to 60
minutes.
g. All penetrant materials should be from same manufacturer
4. FOR MT:
a. Prod Technique:
Use direct (rectified) current for magnetization
Prod spacing 3” to 8”
Useful for surface and sub-surface defects.
b. Yoke Technique:
Use D.C. or A.C. or permanent magnet
Suitable for surface defects only.
c. Calibration:
Equipment Ammeter to be calibrated once a year comparing with
standard Ammeter, take 3 readings. Deviation shall not exceed
±10% of full scale.
5. SE-797 UT MEASUREMENT:
b. Apparatus: 3 types
CRT read out
CRT + direct read out
Direct thickness read out
4. External surfaces of vessels shall be examined for not only for corrosion
but also for leaks, cracks, buckles, etc.
5. If any settling is seen on vessel, nozzles and adjacent shell area shall be
inspected for distortion and cracking.
11. For heavy wall vessels at high pressure, major concern is crack damage
particularly at the welds (Weld & HAZ).
13. Spark testing is effective method for breaks/leaks in paint, glass, plastic
and rubber lining.
16. All fatigue failure take place due to initiation of surface crack and
propagation of crack due to stress fluctuation. There are 3-types of
fatigue failures.
19. Sulphidation occurs due to sulpher or H2S content in the fluid handled. It
can be reduced by using Chromium containing steels as construction
materials.
21. Stress assisted HIC (SAHIC) takes place due to propogation of HIC
cracks under effect of applied stress. Crack propagates perpendicular to
stress direction.
3. Inspection frequency:
4. Safety valve is pop-opening valve, used on gases and vapors. Relief valve
is “proportional opening” valve used on liquids. Safety relief valves can
function both ways. Back–pressure correction is done on balanced safety
relief valves.
5. After the valve is removed from service, first action is to check its relieving
pressure (pop pressure) in the “as received” condition. Subsequently,
carry out detailed visual examination, dismantling, cleaning, and lapping of
valve seat. Set the pop at desired pressure and confirm the same at least
once. Carry out leak test.
6. Leak test is carried out (at 90% of relieving pressure) by monitoring air
bubbles appearing per minute under head of ½” and comparing with
acceptance chart.
IMPORTANT INFORMATION
API 510 EXAM
It is an 8 hour exam, Morning 4 hours- open book Questions. Here you can refer
code books and answer. It may contain 50- 55 questions.
ASME Publication
Sec V NDT Examination
Sec VIII- Division i- rules for constructing Pressure Vessels
Sec IX- welding & brazing qualifications
2. When the ASME Code cannot be followed because of its new construction
orientation (new or revised material specifications, inspection requirements,
certain heat treatments and pressure tests, and stamping and inspection
requirements), the engineer or inspector shall conform to this inspection code
rather than to the ASME Code.
4. The owner-user’s inspection program shall provide the controls that are
necessary when contract inspectors are used.
5. Examiner: A person who assists the API authorized pressure vessel inspector
by performing specific NDE on pressure vessels but does not evaluate the
results of those examinations in accordance with API 510, unless specifically
trained and authorized to do so by the owner or user
10. The API authorized pressure vessel inspector may be assisted in performing
visual inspections by other properly trained and qualified individuals, who may
or may not be certified vessel inspectors
13. The authorized pressure vessel inspector should be familiar with the
operating conditions of the vessel and with the causes and characteristics of
potential defects and deterioration.
19. Long-term and short-term corrosion rates should be compared as part of the
data assessment. The authorized inspector, in consultation with a corrosion
specialist, shall select the corrosion rate that best reflects the current process.
20. The determination of corrosion rate may include thickness data collected at
more than two different times. Suitable use of short-term versus long-term
corrosion rates shall be determined by the authorized pressure vessel
inspector.
22. When the authorized pressure vessel inspector believes that a pressure test
is necessary or when, after certain repairs or alterations, the inspector
believes that one is necessary (see 7.2.9), the test shall be conducted at a
pressure in accordance with the construction code used for determining the
maximum allowable working pressure.
23. Before any repairs or alterations are performed, all proposed methods of
execution, all materials, and all welding procedures that are to be used must
be approved by the authorized pressure vessel inspector and, if necessary,
by a pressure vessel engineer experienced in pressure vessel design,
fabrication, or inspection.
24. All repair and alteration work must be authorized by the authorized pressure
vessel inspector before the work is started by a repair organization
25. The authorized pressure vessel inspector will designate the fabrication
approvals that are required.
26. The authorized pressure vessel inspector may give prior general authorization
for limited or routine repairs as long as the inspector is sure that the repairs
are the kind that will not require pressure tests.
27. The authorized pressure vessel inspector shall approve all specified repair
and alteration work after an inspection of the work has proven the work to be
satisfactory and any required pressure test has been witnessed.
28. No crack shall be repaired without authorization from the authorized pressure
vessel inspector.
29. The repair organization shall maintain records of its qualified welding
procedures and its welding performance qualifications. These records shall
be available to the inspector prior to the start of welding.
30. After the weld is completed, it shall be examined again by either of the above
methods to determine that no defects exist using acceptance standards
acceptable to the Inspector or code of construction most applicable to the
work planned.
35. Temporary repairs may remain in place for a longer period of time only if
evaluated, approved, and documented by the pressure vessel engineer and
the authorized API pressure vessel inspector.
37. A full encirclement lap band repair may be considered a long term repair if the
design is approved, and documented by the pressure vessel engineer and the
authorized API pressure vessel inspector.
39. After repairs are completed, a pressure test shall be applied if the authorized
pressure vessel inspector believes that one is necessary.
41. For cases where UT is substituted for radiographic inspection, the owner/user
shall specify industry-qualified UT shear wave examiners for closure welds
that have not been pressure tested and for weld repairs identified by the
pressure vessel engineer or authorized inspector.
42. The pressure vessel inspection and rerating is acceptable to the authorized
pressure vessel inspector.
43. The pressure vessel rerating will be considered complete when the
authorized pressure vessel inspector oversees the attachment of an
additional nameplate or additional stamping that carries the following
information:
Rerated by
Date
Copyright American Petroleum Institute
44. An API 510 authorized pressure vessel inspector certificate may be issued
when an applicant provides documented evidence of passing the National
Board of Boiler and Pressure Vessel Inspectors examination and meets all
requirements for education and experience of API 510.
45. An API certificate for an authorized pressure vessel inspector is valid for three
years from its date of issuance.
46. An API 510 authorized pressure vessel inspector certification s valid in all
jurisdictions and any other location that accepts or otherwise does not prohibit
the use of API 510.
API 510 QB
1. Post weld heat treatment of vessel welds generally results in:
a. Reduction in hardness
b. Increase of tensile strength
c. Increase of both strength and ductility
d. None of the above
8. What type of repairs and procedures may the inspector give prior
general authorization to continue (provided the inspector is
satisfied with the competency of the repair organization)?
a. Major repairs and minor procedures
b. Limited or routine repairs
c. Major alterations and re-ratings
d. Minor re-ratings and alterations
Thickness Year
0.500 0
0.425 5
0.400 10
15. For carrying out temper – bead welding technique in lieu of PWHT,
apart from other requirements, which of the following is
acceptable?
a. The root and final pass of weld shall be radiographed.
b. Weld metal shall be deposited for second pass while the first pass
below the second pass is still not cooled down and its cooling rate
is retarded due to the heat of second pass.
c. After depositing each layers of the weld, the weld shall be PT
checked.
d. Both b and c
16. Calculate the remaining life and external insp. interval of a vessel
given the following data:
a. 20 years, 10 years
b. 14 years, 5years
c. 28 years, 10 years
d. None of the above
17. As per API 510, the organization who carry out PRV repair, testing
has to be:
a. Needs to be a certified company to perform all repair work in
accordance to ASME.
b. Needs to have documented quality control procedure
c. Needs to have qualified personnel to carry out the job within scope
of repair
d. Only b and c above
18. A vessel which was inspected six years ago and had shell
thickness = 0.870”. As on today the thickness as reported by field
inspection is 0.786. What was the corrosion rate over last six
years?
a. 10 mpy
b. 12 mpy
c. 14 mpy
d. none of above
22. While deciding the governing thickness for crown portion for
corroded 2:1 ellipsoidal head, API 510 stipulates that & crown
thickness shall be calculated:
a. According to relevant ellipsoidal dished head formula
b. According to code formula for spherical heads with head radius
equal to 0.9 D, where D is shell dia meter.
c. Thickness of crown shall be same as knuckle thickness.
d. None of the above
23. Part MAWP for lower dished head in vertical vessel will generally be:
a. Lower than top head
b. Lower than shell
c. Higher than both shell and top head
d. Same as both top head and shell
24. Vessel MAWP is 200 psi. What will be the total pressure at a point
20 feet from top, if vessel is completely filled with liquid (specific
gravity = 1).
a. 220.00 psi
b. 208.66 psi
c. 204.33 psi
d. 191.34 psi
27. The material not requiring PWHT by code requirement has been
heat-treated. The PWHT carried out on this material is most likely
due to:
a. Due to process requirement
b. Because of the material
c. As per authorized inspector requirement
d. Because of welding process.
28. For a vertical column, Int. dia. = 48'' and height (T-T) = 80ft, The
vessel MAWP is 60 psi. Minimum vessel part MAWP for bottom
dished head (2:1 Ellip type) shall be:
a. 94.6 psi
b. 82.8 psi
c. 95.5 psi
d. None of above
32. Code rules for testing vessels in service are detailed in:
a. API 510
b. API 570
c. ASME Section VIII Div.1
d. None of above
34. If there is a conflict between ASME VIII & API 510 Code, for
vessels in-service:
a. ASME will precedent
b. API will precedent
c. ASNT will precedent
d. Owner user will decide
35. The API authorized pressure vessel inspector may give prior
authorization for repairs that do not involve:
a. Pressure tests
b. Radiography
c. Pneumatic testing of pads
d. Final visual inspections
37. Before any repair to a pressure vessel in accordance with its code
of construction, what if any additional requirements (over and
above those in API 510) may need to be considered?
a. Jurisdictional requirements that might override the API 510 Code.
b. Is repair being done by repair organisation?
c. The quality of the repair materials.
d. The need for qualified welding procedures.
38. A new vessel has been installed, what must be done in order to
accept the vessel for operation?
a. A first internal inspection
b. A first internal inspection, however if a manufacturer’s data report
(U1) assuring that the vessel is satisfactory for its intended service
is available the first internal inspection may be waived.
c. Base line thickness readings must be taken per OSHA 1920 (j).
d. Base line thickness reading must be taken per OSHA 1910 (j).
42. Before entering into a vessel for inspection the vessel shall be
evaluated for safety in accordance to:
a. OSHA
b. API
c. ASME/API
d. ANSI
47. The Code formula for a torispherical head thickness as per ASME
Section VIII Div. 1 actually gives the thickness required:
a. At crown portion
b. At knuckle portion
c. Mean of (a) and (b)
d. Lower of (a) and (b)
49. The factors of LOF and COF are considered for which
methodological evaluation?
a. FFS
b. RBI
c. API 510
d. ASME Sec. VIII Div. 1 and API 510
51. For a new vessel the corrosion rate will be established based on:
a. Run the vessel for 6 weeks and establish the corrosion rate
b. Run the vessel for 12 weeks and establish the corrosion rate
c. Run the vessel for 18 weeks and establish the corrosion rate
d. A corrosion engineer should be consulted for establishing
corrosion rate
52. A pressure vessel internal inspection frequency can be increased
more than 10 years provided RBI evaluation is carried out. It
should be approved by?
a. Owner user/Jurisdiction
b. Pressure vessel engineer
c. Authorized inspector
d. Pressure vessel engineer & authorized inspector
56. The term “away from weld” for recalculating the required
thickness (Vessels with E<1), means area lying away from weld
__________ on either side of the weld or __________ times the
minimum measured thickness on either side of the weld,
whichever is greater.
a. 1”, 4
b. 1", 2
c. 2", 2
d. 2”, 4
60. As per API 510, all NDE results for in-service inspection shall be
evaluated and accepted by:
a. NDE Level II or Level III person only, as he already possesses
requisite knowledge and skill to evaluate and accept NDE results
b. Authorized inspector only
c. Since NDE is specialist job, authorised inspector need not be
involved
d. (a) and (c)
71. Crown portion for both Ellipsoidal and Torispherical heads may
be considered to be the ____________ located entirely within a
circle whose center coincides with the center of the head and
diameter equal to 80% of vessel diameter.
a. Spherical segment
b. Conical segment
c. Ellipsoidal segment
d. Knuckle portion
72. API 510 can be applied to in-service pressure vessels built as per:
a. ASME Section VIII
b. Other international standard
c. Non-standard vessel which may be in operation
d. All of the above
73. For a vessel which was in service, top dished head (2:1 Ellip.) was
corroded severely was replaced by a properly designed Hemisph.
The head is designed as per the present design conditions of the
vessel. This is:
a. A repair
b. An alteration
c. New vessel MAWP will have to be worked out.
d. b and c above
76. Which of the following is a typical deterioration that can take place
on the external surfaces of insulated vessels?
a. CUI
b. Caustic embrittlement
c. Erosion
d. All of the above
79. Which of the following defines the term “hold point” in inspection
practice?
a. For a vertical pressure vessel held in position by guy-wires, the
holding points on the vessels connected to guy-wires.
b. A support lug welded onto the vessel.
c. A point beyond which work may not proceed until inspections have
been performed and documented
d. A holding clamp used for aligning the joints for welding
84. Which of the following are areas on pressure vessel which are
susceptible to CUI?
a. All the area which is below insulation
b. Insulated areas below steam vents
c. Insulated areas exposed to cooling tower mist
d. “b” and “c” above
86. What can be done to extend the life of a 2” thk. vessel with a
corroded area in the shell plate 6 inches from the weld, a joint
efficiency of less than 1, and a corrosion thickness currently near
the minimum required thickness?
a. Recalculate t minimum for current operating conditions using E < 1.
b. Recalculate t minimum for current operating conditions using E = 1.
c. Recalculate t minimum for design conditions using E = 1.
d. Monitor the thickness during the run.
88. For all repairs and alterations under API 510, the ultimate
responsibility rests with:
a. Owner user
b. API Committee
c. API-510 Inspector
d. Jurisdiction authority
92. Which of the following are areas on the pressure vessel which are
susceptible to CUI?
a. All the area which is below insulation
b. Insulated areas below steam vents
c. Insulated piping exposed to cooling tower mist
d. “b” and “c” above
94. For a vessel find estimated remaining life and next planned
external inspection if actual thickness measured during inspection
is 0.45” and minimum required thickness is 0.37”. Estimated
corrosion rate is 10 mpy.
a. 10 years, 5 years
b. 8 years, 5 years
c. 8 years, 4 years
d. 10 years, 10 years
97. For a vessel, remaining life is estimated as 3 years from now, next
planned internal and external inspection may be planned _______
years from now.
a. 1.5 years, 3 years
b. 2 years, 2 years
c. 1.5 years, 1.5 years
d. b and c
103. For vessel with M.O.C. = 516 gr 70, PWHT was carried out initially
as required by construction code, major welding repairs were
carried out. PWHT is inconvenient. What can be done to avoid the
PWHT? Impact testing is not required.
a. Welding shall be done using SMAW/GMAW/GTAW
b. Weld shall be pre-heated to 300°F (min) and interpass temperature
limited to 600°F
c. Pre-heating to be maintained up to 4” or four times thickness
(whichever is higher) on either side of weld groove.
d. All of the above shall be done.
105. For avoiding PWHT after welding repair is done on Vessels with
M.O.C. falling in P Nos. 1, 3, 4 (with impact testing), The welding
repair shall be done with:
a. Procedure qualification as per ASME Sec. IX only
b. Procedure qualification shall be done as per Sec. IX and API-510
c. Any one of the above is okay
d. Procedure shall be qualified as per API 1104
107. Which of the following type of patches are permitted by API 510
for repairs on pressure vessels?
a. Insert patch with full penetration weld
b. Insert patch with partial penetration weld
c. A full encirclement lap band
d. a and c only
108. API 510 requires that NDE of repair welds shall include:
a. Prior to welding, the area prepared for deposit be examined by MT
or PT
b. After weld is completed it shall be examined again by MT or PT
c. Any one of a or b
d. Both of a and b
109. If remaining life for a vessel is estimated as 2 years from now, next
planned internal and external inspection shall not be later than:
a. 1 year, 1 years
b. 2 years, 2 years
c. 1 years, 2 years
d. Any of the above
110. What is the greatest allowed time between the testing of pressure
relieving devices per API 510?
a. 5 years
b. Pressure relief valves shall be tested at intervals that are frequent
enough to verify that the valves perform reliably.
c. 10 years.
d. Pressure relief devices must be tested at every shutdown
113. The maximum carbon content of weldable steel per ASME Code
is?
a. .35 %
b. .035 %
c. .0035 %
d. 3.5 %
114. Per API 510 what is the recommended shell temperature during a
hydrostatic test of a vessel 1” thick?
a. 30ºF above ambient.
b. 65ºF above ambient
c. 10ºF above MDMT
d. 30ºF above testing liquids temperature.
115. If you were looking for the last date that a pressure relief valve
was set, where should this information always be?
a. In the product literature from the valve company
b. The API 510 mandatory computer inspection records.
c. Relief valve’s tag.
d. In the records of the repair shop
116. In what two ways may the probable corrosion rate for a new vessel
be determined before the first internal inspection?
a. Corrosion tabs and UT readings.
b. Consult Psychic Hot Line and Mr. Wizard
c. Ask a more experienced inspector or engineer
d. From data collected on vessels providing the same or similar
service or from published data on vessels providing comparable
service.
126. What does the term construction code mean, as it regards repairs
to a pressure vessel?
a. The current ASME code edition
b. The NBIC
c. The code the vessel was constructed to including non-standard and
jurisdictional special vessels.
d. The API 510 code.
127. What code is used to evaluate a vessel after it has been placed in
service?
a. ASME section VIII
b. ASME Section V
c. API 510
d. RP 572
130. For proper internal or external visual inspection surfaces must be;
a. Wire brushed
b. Walnut shell blasted
c. Hydro blasted
d. The type of surface preparation depends on individual
circumstances and could be any of the above
133. If steel of a vessel has exceeded its yield point upon the removal
of pressure and heat it will;
a. return to its original shape
b. Contain a permanent deformation
c. Split or rupture
d. Be oblong
135. The API authorized pressure vessel inspector may give prior
authorization for repairs that do not involve;
a. Pressure tests
b. Radiography
c. Pneumatic testing
d. Final visual inspections
137. Widely scattered pits may be ignored as long as the following are
true
a. No pit depth is greater than one half the vessel’s required wall
thickness exclusive of the corrosion allowance.
b. The total area of the pits does not exceed 7 square inches (45
square centimeters) within any 8-inch (20-centimeter) diameter
circle
c. The sum of their dimensions along any straight line within the circle
does not exceed 2 inches (5 centimeters)
d. ?
140. A new vessel has been installed what must be done in order
accept the vessel for operation?
a. A first internal inspection
b. A first internal inspection, however if a manufactures’ data report
(Ut) assuring that the vessel is satisfactory for its intended service
is available the first internal may be waived
c. Base line thickness readings must be taken per OSHA 1920 (j)
d. Base line thickness reading must be taken per OSHA 1910(j)
142. The first consideration that must be given when the half bead
temper bead technique of repair is proposed should be;
a. Consultation with the jurisdiction
b. Time required to do the repair, and personnel safety
c. Suitability for a given fluid service and any corrosion resistance
required
d. Close monitoring of the welding operation.
146. When rerating a pressure vessel, one of the steps of the rerating is
the documentation of the;
a. Calculations from the manufacturer or the owner-user’s engineer.
b. Approval of the operation’s engineering department.
c. Report from a professional engineer.
d. Approval of the ASME.
API 510 QB
ANSWERS
API 510
(OPEN QB)
1. During the recent planned internal inspection showed two pits of
following description. (Min. vessel thickness required = 5/8”
including C.A = 1/8”). Pits are separated by 12 inch distance (edge to
edge).
N.B; It is 2.4 mm, because the answer involves future inspection and hence
invoke section 7.3.3
5. For 2:1 Ellip. Head (ID=75 inches), the crown portion would lie within
similar circle of diameter:
a. 60”
b. 30’’
c. 54’’
d. 48’’
8. According to API 510, for vessels with I.D. = 48’’ corrosion averaging
along most critical element can be done over a length not exceeding:
a. 12 inches
b. 16 inches
c. 20 inches
d. 24 inches
11. If in Q.10 above, depth of deepest pit was 0.15’’, cumulative length
was 2.3 inch ( other data remaining same) your analysis will be:
a. The cluster is still safe
b. Cluster is unsafe as depth is still beyond limit
c. Unsafe as cumulative length is beyond limit
d. b and c
12. If total area of cluster is 8 sq inch other data remain same as Q.10,
what is your evaluation?
a. Cluster is unsafe due to increased cluster area
b. Cluster is unsafe due to pit depth still being unsafe
c. Cluster is unsafe due to a and b
d. Cluster is safe
14. Which of the following are excluded from the scope of application of
API 510?
a. Pressure vessels on movable structures covered by other
jurisdictional regulations
b. All classes of containers listed for exemption from construction in
ASME Section VIII, Div. 1
c. Pressure vessels which do not exceed volume of the five cubic feet
and pressure of 250 psi
d. All of the above
Using the rules for corrosion evaluation in API 510 the following
conclusion can be made about the evaluation of the vessel for its
continued service with out repair;
25. While inspecting a vessel you notice that there is corrosion that is
general, but varies over an area of the affected shell course, the
vessel has an inside diameter of 88 inches. You wish to average this
corrosion for purposes of evaluation. Circumferential stress governs
in this vessel, in inches what is the greatest length that can be used
to average this corrosion?
a. 40 inches
b. 39 inches
c. 29.33 inches
d. 88 inches
This vessel has been in service for 6.5 years and all components had
an original thickness of .250 inch. The engineer calculated a
minimum thickness of the top head to be .145” and the bottom head
minimum thickness to be .155” and the shell’s minimum thickness to
be 0.205” Based on the readings what is the Corrosion Rate for the
shell element?
a. .025”/ year
b. .0023”/ year
c. .020”/ year
d. .00384”/ year
SOLUTION
24” or 20 - - - - - - - - 20”
Correct answer: c
72 or 40”
3
24 or 40” . . . . 24”
Correct answer: b
Correct answer: a
Correct answer: c
Correct answer: a
10. The mechanical working of weld metals using impact blows is defined as;
a. Hammering.
b. Forge welding.
c. Impact conditioning.
d. Peening.
11. The maximum inspection interval for a vessel with a remaining life of 16
years is;
a. 10 years.
b. 5 years.
c. 8 years.
d. 16 years.
14. All pressure relieving devices must be tested and repaired by;
a. The original valve manufacturer.
b. The Authorized Inspector.
c. A repair concern which holds the NBIC VR symbol.
d. A repair concern experienced in valve maintenance.
16. If stresses are high in a vessel and reversals are frequent the vessel
may fail because of;
a. Embrittlement.
b. Stress corrosion cracking
c. Fatigue.
d. Creep.
19. The minimum actual thickness and maximum corrosion rate for any part
of a vessel may be;
a. Estimated.
b. Adjusted at any inspection.
c. Changed to fit production schedules.
d. Ignored if the vessel is not operating at pressures above 30 psig.
20. Per API 510 the definition of actual thickness for determining MAWP of a
vessel is;
a. The as measured thickness less 2 times the present corrosion rate.
b. The most critical value of the average thickness that has been
determined.
c. The as measured thickness.
d. The original thickness less the original corrosion allowance.
22. The API authorized inspector shall not approve repairs to a vessel until;
a. After inspection has proven the repairs have been satisfactorily
completed and all required pressure test have been performed and
witnessed.
b. He has satisfied himself that the repairs have been completed.
c. Item b above plus all isolation steps used before the pressure test have
been removed and the vessels have been returned to an operable
condition.
d. He has been given permission by the plant manager.
23. All repair and alteration welding must be performed in accordance with;
a. Acceptable company standards.
b. API approved welding procedures
c. The applicable requirements of the ASME Code or another Code of
construction to which the vessel was built.
d. NBIC.
24. Vessels with the following dimensions are exempt from both the API 510
and the ASME Section VIII codes
a. Vessels with an internal or external working pressure of not more than
50 psi with a limit on size.
b. Vessels with an internal or external working pressure of not more than
15 psi with a limit on size.
c. Vessels with an internal or external working pressure of not more than
50 psi with no limit on size.
d. Vessels with an internal or external working pressure of not more than
15 psi with no limit on size.
31. Before an inspection starts in a vessel, who else besides the safety man
should be informed?
a. Co-workers who will assist in the inspection.
b. Operations dept
c. Repair concerns.
d. All persons working in the area of the vessel
32. A used vessel has been bought and moved to a new site and installed.
What must the inspector do before certification of the vessel for
operation?
a. Insure that complete set of drawings is generated nothing areas of
special interest.
b. An internal inspection
c. Make sure that the vessel is properly supported and do a complete
hydrostatic test.
d. Witness a pneumatic pressure test.
33. A New weld repair project is just starting, as the inspector you should
review the
a. The repairs concerns quality plan.
b. The procedures (WPR) (PWR).
c. The materials chemical test reports, as they become available
d. Welder’s certifications, the welding procedures, and the MTRs.
39. For clad vessels constructed with P-3, P-4 or P-5 base materials, the
base material in the area of a welded repair should be examined for
cracks using;
a. Visual inspection
b. Magnetic particle inspection
c. Ultrasonic examination
d. Dye penetrant examination
41. When repairing a vessel using welding by the half-bead / temper bead
technique when notch toughness is not a requirement, you may use
the;
a. Shielded metal arc welding with the 7018 electrode only.
b. Gas metal arc welding with S70 sold core wire only.
c. Gas tungsten arc welding with E309 through E316 rod only.
d. Shielded metal, Gas metal and/or Gas Tungsten arc welding processes.
42. A vessel due to corrosion has a remaining thickness that is below the
minimum required thickness. If the thinned areas are to be evaluated
for continued service using the design by analysis methods of Section
VIII Division 2. When this approach is used it is always true that;
a. The NBIC Authorized Inspector must be consulted.
b. Operations must agree.
c. Consultation with a pressure vessel engineer experienced in pressure
vessel design is required.
d. The materials used in the fabrication of the vessel and their notch
toughness must be known.
46. Plate that has been rolled into a cylinder retains its shape, this is
because;
a. It is not a spring
b. Plastic deformation has occurred
c. It has been stretched beyond its elastic point.
d. It has experienced the Bolinger effect.
48. The pulse echo contact method can be applied to any material in which
ultrasonic waves will propagate at a ________________ throughout the
part, and from which back reflections can be obtained and resolved.
a. Varying velocity
b. Constant velocity
c. Constant velocity with attenuation
d. Varying velocity with attenuation
49. A welding electrode has the following marking E-7018-1. Explain the
meaning of the number-1 on the end.
a. The first lot of 7018 electrodes produced that month at the plant.
b. The electrodes are certified to be moisture free.
c. The electrodes have passed testing which allows use in certain impact
tested vessel fabrications, without further testing of the weld metal.
d. First quality electrode according to the Section IX.
6. The inner wall of a jacketed vessel has corroded down to 0.635 inch; the
inner cylinder has a 45” O D in this corroded state, its unsupported
length is 120 inches. The vessel operates at an external pressure of 175
psig and a temperature of 300 ºF. The factor A has been calculated to be
00085, using the CS- 2 factor B chart what is the approximate value of
Factor B?
a. 17,000
b. 14,500
c. 11,500
d. 9,500
8. Local PWHT per API 510 Specifies that the area to be heat treated shall
extend for a given distance from the weld what would be the distance
required for the local PWHT of a 10 inch .500” thick nozzle in a 3 inch
thick shell?
a. 12 inches in all directions.
b. 3 inches in all directions.
c. 1 inch in all directions.
d. 6 inches in all directions.
10. A vessel has pitting in a small area; the area will fit in an 8 inch diameter
circle with its center at the deepest pit. The shell course has a minimum
thickness of .740”. The pits within the circle are more than 2 inches
apart in any straight line with the following depths;
#1 - .385” #2- .301” #3- .235” #4- .287”, this area cannot be ignored
because;
15. What is the remaining life of a vessel corroding at a rate of 0.017 inch
per year when the last inspection measured 0.638 inch and the minimum
required thickness is 0.513 inch.
a. 4 years
b. 10 years.
c. 6.3 years.
d. 7.3 years.
16. In the pulse echo contact method of measuring thickness, the velocity
of the material being measured is a function of the material’s physical
properties and is usually assumed to be a constant for a
a. its entire thickness
b. given class of materials
c. all ferrous materials
d. all non ferrous materials.
17. Thickness measurement instruments are divided into groups which are
________________
a. Flaw detectors with CRT readout, Flaw detectors with CRT and direct
readout, and Flaw detectors with direct readout
b. Flaw detectors with direct and CRT readout
c. Flaw detectors with CRT or Flaw detectors with direct readout
d. All flaw detectors are direct read out, one has a meter the other has a
CRT display
HINTS:
Q.NO.10
Q.NO. 13
Crown Radius
Torispherical Head: Dia of shell
2:1 Ellipsoidal Head: 0.9 Dia of Shell