How To Deal With Paranoia

Research Paper English 10
“Paranoia: How to deal with it?”
A Research Paper
Presented to
Mr. Patrick Paul G. Albior

Cagayan Valley Institute
Aparri, Cagayan
In Partial Fulfilment of the

Requirement in
English 10
Lloyd Christian Espergal

Kylie abon
Jonel Del Campo
Daniel Auingan
APRIL 2019
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TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER I: PRELIMINARIES ----------------------------------------------------------------- 4
a.a Dedication ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5
a.b Acknowledgement ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6
a.c Preface --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7
CHAPTER II: THE BODY OF THE RESEARCH ----------------------------------------- 8
b.a Introduction --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9

b.b What is Paranoia? ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10-12
b.c Types of Paranoia ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 13-14
b.d Causes of Paranoia ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14-18
b.e Positive effects of Paranoia --------------------------------------------------------------------- 18
b.f Negative effects of Paranoia ------------------------------------------------------------------- 18-20
b.g Treatment of Paranoia -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20
b.g.a Talking Therapy -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 21-23
b.g.b Cognitive Behavioural Therapy -------------------------------------------------------- 23-27
b.g.c Art Therapy -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 27-29
b.g.d Medication --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 29-30
b.g.e Family and Friends’ help ---------------------------------------------------------------- 30-32
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CHAPTER III: CONCLUSIONAND RECOMMENDATION ---------------------- 33
c.a Final thought and recommendation -------------------------------------------------- 34
CHAPTER IV: APPENDICES -------------------------------------------------------------- 35

d.a Graphs of findings and interpretation ------------------------------------------------ 36-45
d.b Copy of the Questionnaires------------------------------------------------------------ 46-48
d.c Documentations:
d.c.a Making the research paper ----------------------------------------------------- 49
d.c.b Floating the questionnaires ---------------------------------------------------- 50
d.c.c Pictures of the researchers ----------------------------------------------------- 51
 INDEX --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 52
 BIBLIOGRAPHY ------------------------------------------------------------------- 53
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CHAPTER I:
PRELIMINARIES
4
DEDICATION
The researchers would like to dedicate this research paper to their beloved parents, friends,
families, schoolmates, and teachers that encourage us to do this research paper for us to express
our thoughts, ideas, and learning about “PARANOIA: HOW TO DEAL WITH IT?” and for us
to know what are the cause, effects and predict paranoia.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The researchers would like to acknowledge our Almighty God above giving us the
determination
and guidance to pursue this research paper with the time given by MR. PATRICK PAUL G.
ALBIOR. This research paper cannot be complete without the effort and cooperation of the
researchers LLOYD CHRISTIAN ESPERGAL, JONEL DEL CAMPO, and DANIEL
AUINGAN. They sincerely thanks their advisers for the encouragement in finishing this
research
paper.
And last, they would like to express their gratitude to their friends, schoolmates, in spending
time
with them to fill the questionnaire.
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PREFACE
This book is all about “PARANOIA AND HOW TO DEAL WITH IT?” It gives some
information to everyone who’s suffering from paranoia, and how to deal with it. This is divided
into four (4) chapters.
In CHAPTER I, you will find the front matters or PRELIMINARIES of the book that focuses
on DEDICATION, that dedicate someone, ACKNOWLEDGEMENT to acknowledge the
people involved in the procedure, preface is an overview of the topic.
The CHAPTER II, contains the INTRODUCTION that introduces the things most especially
the problem of the research and BODY OF THE RESEARCH. Where things attached to it are
information about the effects of single parenting specifically its connection to people. In this
topic, explains everything about Paranoia, and next is where the paranoia is first discovered that
tells you the information.
In the CHAPTER II, includes the CONCLUSION and RECOMMENDATION of the

research. The thing about here is the final decisions and suggestions of the research.
In the CHAPTER IV, the last part of our research paper that you can see our APPENDICES,
when you see our documental pictures while doing a questionnaire, pictures while making a
research paper and pictures while doing a survey. You can see also the TABLES and
CAPTIONS, our QUSTIONNAIRE, and our GROUP PICTURE.
We’re hoping that this book can help you a lot and learn about “PARANOIA”
May this book can help you in your daily life. Thank you and God Bless.
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CHAPTER II:
THE BODY OF THE

RESEARCH
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INTRODUCTION
Paranoia
- is defined as persistent irrational thoughts, feelings of persecution, or an over-inflated
-sense of self-importance. But what does this really mean?.
Paranoia refers to the feeling that other people want to harm you in some way, even though
there
is no evidence to support these suspicions. Paranoia is a symptom of several physical and
medical conditions, including schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, and delusional disorder.
We all have had suspicious or irrational thoughts at one time or another. Maybe you have
watched a scary movie and felt jumpy afterward, or maybe you've had a feeling that someone
was watching you even though no one was there. Later, you probably realized that your fears
were unfounded and you were able to move on. Paranoid individuals, however, have suspicions
and irrational thoughts that don't go away. Instead, they are exaggerated, even when there is no
evidences to suggest their suspicions are true. This fear makes it difficult for individuals
with paranoia to function in society, work, or have close relationships.
It is true that it is hard to communicate with a paranoid person but we have to understand their
situation because they are having a hard time trusting themselves.
And when you encountered someone who’s paranoid rather than irritate him/her more, why
don’t you comfort him and give him/her a good advice that will help them reduce their
irritation,
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A. WHAT IS PARANOIA?
is the irrational and persistent feeling that people are 'out to get you'. The three main
types of paranoia include paranoid personality disorder, delusional (formerly paranoid)
disorder and paranoid schizophrenia.
is the irrational and persistent feeling that people are ‘out to get you’ or that you are the
subject of persistent, intrusive attention by others. This unfounded mistrust of others can make it
difficult for a person with paranoia to function socially or have close relationships. Paranoia
may
be a symptom of a number of conditions, including paranoid personality disorder, delusional
(paranoid) disorder and schizophrenia.
a. Where did paranoia first discovered?
PREHISTORY: THE TERM AND ITS MEANINGS
The origin of the term, "paranoia", was in the Greek word "par-a-noy'a", derived from the
verb "para-noeo", with the literal meaning of "derangement", or "departure from the normal"
("para") in "thinking" ("noeo") (Stedman's 1990). It was used in Ancient Greece either loosely
as we use the words "folly" and "crazy" (Lewis 1970), or in a sense as we use "insanity"
(Encyclopedia Britannica 1969) and "madness" (Webster's 1985), terms, introduced by
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Aurelius Cornelius Celsus, during the reign of Tiberius (14 - 37) and William Battie in 1758,
respectively.
Tracing the usage of the term, (in his review of the history of the concept), Aubrey Lewis
(1970) noted, that the term, "paranoia", first appeared in the plays of the great Greek
tragedians, Aeschylus (525-456 BC), Euripides (485-407 BC) and Aristophanes (450-388
BC). During the same period it was also used by the philosophers, Plato (428-348 BC) and
Aristotle (343-322 BC), as well as by the physician, Hippocrates (450-355 BC).
After dormant for about two millennia, the term, "paranoia" was revived during the second part
of the 18th century in the writings of the "nosologists". It reappeared first, in Francois Boissier
de Sauvages' (1759) Pathologia Methodica, in France, and subsequently, in Rudolph August
Vogel's (1772) Academicae Praelectiones, in Germany, and William Cullen's (1776) First
Lines of the Practice of Physic, in Scotland. Nevertheless, while for Hippocrates (450-355
BC), "paranoia" was equivalent with the "delirium" of "high fever", the prevalent
characteristic of "phrenitis", and for Boissier de Sauvages (1763), with "amentia", using the
term "amentia" and "dementia" interchangeably, for both, Vogel (1772) and Cullen (1776), it
was equivalent with "vesania", or "morbus mentis", which included "mania", "melancholia",
"fatuitas", "stupiditas", "amentia", and "oblivion".
With the adoption and inclusion of the term by Johann Christian Heinroth (1818) in his
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influential Lehrbuch der Storungen des Seelenlebens --the same text in which the term,
"psychiatry", he adopted from Reil (1803), first appeared-- the prehistory of "paranoia" ends,
and the development of the nosologic-diagnostic concept of "paranoia" begins.
b. What is paranoid delusion
A paranoid delusion is the fixed, false belief that one is being harmed or persecuted
by a particular person or group of people. Paranoid delusions are known technically as a
“persecutory delusion.”
It involves the person’s belief that he or she is being conspired against, cheated, spied on,
followed, poisoned or drugged, maliciously maligned, harassed, or obstructed in the pursuit of
long-term goals.
Small slights may be exaggerated and become the focus of a delusional system with a person
suffers from a paranoid delusion.
The focus of the delusion is often on some injustice that must be remedied by legal action. The
affected person may engage in repeated attempts to obtain satisfaction by appeal to the courts
and other government agencies.
Individuals with paranoid delusions are often resentful and angry, and may even resort to
violence against those they believe are hurting them or a loved one.
Paranoid delusions are most often diagnosed in the context of schizophrenia. But they can also
occur in non-psychotic disorders, such as obsessive-compulsive disorder, or the use of certain
medications or street drugs.
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B. TYPES OF PARANOIA
Paranoia has a three (3) types, the PARANOID, DELUSIONS, and

SCHIZOPHRENIA.
a. PARANOID
- is the feeling of extremely nervous and worried because you believe that
other people do not like you or are trying to harm you.
b. DELUSIONS
-is an idiosyncratic belief or impression that is firmly maintained despite being

contradicted by what is generally accepted as reality or rational argument, typically a
symptom of mental disorder.
a.a is something a person believes and wants to be true, when it is actually not true.
a.b a persistent false psychotic belief regarding the self or persons or objects outside
the self that is maintained despite indisputable evidence to the contrary.
c. SCHIZOPHRENIA
-a long-term mental disorder of a type involving a breakdown in the relation between

thought, emotion, and behavior, leading to faulty perception, inappropriate actions and feelings
, withdrawal from reality and personal relationships into fantasy and delusion, and a sense of
mental fragmentation.
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a.a Schizophrenia is a chronic brain disorder that affects less than one percent of the U.S.
population. When schizophrenia is active, symptoms can include delusions, hallucinations,
trouble with thinking and concentration, and lack of motivation. However, with treatment, most
symptoms of schizophrenia will greatly improve.
While there is no cure for schizophrenia, research is leading to new, safer treatments. Experts
also are unraveling the causes of the disease by studying genetics, conducting behavioral
research, and using advanced imaging to look at the brain’s structure and function. These
approaches hold the promise of new, more effective therapies.
The complexity of schizophrenia may help explain why there are misconceptions about the
disease. Schizophrenia does not mean split personality or multiple-personality. Most people
with schizophrenia are not dangerous or violent. They also are not homeless nor do they live in
hospitals. Most people with schizophrenia live with family, in group homes or on their own.
Research has shown that schizophrenia affects men and women about equally but may have an
earlier onset in males. Rates are similar around the world. People with schizophrenia are more
likely to die younger than the general population, in part because of high rates of co-occurring
medical conditions, such as heart disease and diabetes.
C. WHAT ARE THE CAUSES OF PARANOIA?
Paranoia is not always due to a mental illness. Recent studies have shown that mild
paranoid thoughts are fairly common in the general population..
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People become paranoid when their ability to reason and assign meaning to things
breaks down. We don’t know why this happens. It’s thought paranoia it could be caused
by genes, chemicals in the brain or by a stressful or traumatic life event. It’s likely a
combination of factors is responsible.
HERE ARE THE CAUSES OF PARANOIA
1. PARANOID PERSONALITY DISORDER
A personality disorder is a long-standing pattern of problematic thoughts, feelings and

behaviour. People with paranoid personality disorder have a tendency to assume that others will
harm, deceive or take advantage of them. They may appear secretive, argumentative or cold and
be difficult to get along with. This disorder is uncommon and usually improves with age so that
many people recover by their 40s or 50s.
2. DELUSIONAL DISORDER
People with a delusional disorder have one delusion (a fixed, false belief) without any other
symptoms of mental illness. Paranoid delusions are the most common, making people feel there
is a conspiracy or they are going to be harmed. But people with a delusional disorder can also
have other types of unusual beliefs.
3. PARANOID SCHIZOPHRENIA
Schizophrenia is a form of psychosis and causes people to have trouble interpreting reality. The
main symptoms are hallucinations (such as hearing voices that aren’t there) and delusions
(fixed, false beliefs). Some people with schizophrenia have bizarre delusions such as believing
that their thoughts are being broadcast over the radio or they are being persecuted by the
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government. Other symptoms include confused thinking and reduced motivation for everyday
tasks
4. MOOD DISORDER
Psychotic disorder and bipolar disorder can cause paranoia.
Other causes of paranoia include:
 Recreational drug use: Cannabis and amphetamine abuse often causes paranoid
thoughts and may trigger an episode of psychosis. Other drugs such
as alcohol, cocaine and ecstacy can also cause paranoia during intoxication or
withdrawals.
 Neurological disease: Diseases such as dementia (including Alzheimer’s

disease), Huntington’s disease, Parkinson’s disease or brain injury can cause
paranoia.
 Severe trauma and stress: Some studies have found that paranoia is more common in
people who have experienced severe and ongoing stress. This may include abuse in
childhood, domestic violence, racial persecution or living in isolation.
5. LIFE EXPERIENCES
You are more likely to experience paranoid thoughts when you are in vulnerable, isolated or
stressful situations that could lead to you feeling negative about yourself. If you are bullied at
work, or your home is burgled, this could give you suspicious thoughts which could develop
into paranoia.
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6. CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES
Experiences in your childhood may lead you to believe that the world is unsafe or make you
mistrustful and suspicious of others. They may also affect your self-esteem and the way you
think as an adult.
7. EXTREME ENVIRONMENT
Some research has suggested that paranoid thoughts are more common if you live in an urban
environment or community where you feel isolated from the people around you rather than
connected to them. Media reports of crime, terrorism and violence may also play a role in
triggering paranoid feelings.
8. MENTAL HEALTH
If you experience anxiety, depression or low self-esteem, you may be more likely to
experience paranoid thoughts – or be more upset by them. This may be because you are
more on edge, worry a lot or are more likely to interpret things in a negative way.
Paranoia is a symptom of some mental health problems. Many people experience
paranoid delusions as part of an episode of psychosis.
9. PHISICAL FITNESS
Paranoia is sometimes a symptom of certain physical illnesses such as Huntington's

disease, Parkinson's disease, strokes, Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia.
Hearing loss can also trigger paranoid thoughts in some people.
10. LACK OF SLEEP
Lack of sleep can trigger feelings of insecurity and even unsettling feelings and
hallucinations. Fears and worries may develop late at night.
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11. GENETICS
Research has suggested that your genes may affect whether you are more likely to develop
paranoia – but we don't know which ones
D. POSITIVE EFFECTS OF PARANOIA
Positives effects of paranoia includes: DELUSIONS and HALLUCINATION.
Hallucination- Hallucinations are one psychotic symptom that causes people to hear and see
things that are not real.
Delusions- Delusions are positive symptoms that cause people with paranoid schizophrenia to
become obsessively worried about troubling thoughts, like being poisoned or spied on.
E. NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF PARANOIA
Beside positive effect there’s also a negative effects of paranoia.
Paranoid schizophrenia can cause many negative outcomes for people if they are not treated for
the illness. Since the disease causes people to have trouble identifying reality, they often are
unable to care for themselves and maintain a daily routine. Fear and anxiety associated with
paranoid delusions may lead some people to abuse drugs and alcohol, or have suicidal thoughts.
At times, people with untreated paranoid schizophrenia may end up homeless, penniless, or in
jail. Treatment, especially with antipsychotic medications, may reduce these risks in people
with paranoid schizophrenia. The Mayo Clinic reports that long-term medication treatment can
reduce symptoms of the illness, and help people with the disease live a healthier and more
satisfying life.
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1. PERSONALITY DISORDER
 Paranoid personality disorder (PPD) is characterized by an extreme level of distrust and

suspicion of others; unjustified feelings of suspicion and mistrust of others, hyper
sensitivity, expectation – without justification -that will be damaged and exploited by
others and a tendency to find hidden meanings messages and comments that are in
reality harmless behaviors as degrading or threatening. People with PPD often interpret
even friendly gestures as manipulative or malevolent. They are often difficult to get
along with, as they can be confrontational and aggressive; therefore, they generally lack
close relationships with other people because they are constantly waiting for negative
outcomes such as betrayal. As a result of others reacting negatively to their hostility,
their negative expectations are often confirmed; for example, they may suspect that their
neighbor takes the garbage out early in the morning just to bother them.
 People who suffer with PPD do not only suspect strangers, but people they know as
well, they believe those they know are planning to harm or exploit them without
evidence to support their suspicions. If a person with PPD does form a close
relationship, the relationship is often accompanied by jealousy and controlling
tendencies. These individuals typically do not have psychotic features, that is, they are in
clear contact with reality and usually do not experience hallucinations. They may also
have less cognitive disorganization, therefore they are able to function socially in the
work environment, although somewhat effectively as the rest of society.
 When people with PPD suspect exploitation, harm, or deceit, it is almost always
associated with friends or close partners because these are the people they are near the
most. For example: They may suspect their spouse or partner is involved in an affair.
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This is where loyalty and trust issues come in, They are reluctant to give out any
information that will hurt them or be used to put them down in any way, so they tend to
keep secrets from those who are close to them because of a paranoid idea they will be
harmed in the process.
 Since they have trouble with trusting others, people with PPD have an excessive sense
of self-sufficiency and autonomy. They are often rigid, unable to collaborate, and often
have difficulty accepting criticism and instead blame others for their shortcomings. They
may frequently be involved in legal disputes because of their tendency to counterattack
in response to perceived threats. Sometimes PPD may appear antecedent of Delusional
Disorder or Schizophrenia. Those with PPD may develop Major Depressive Disorder,
and Substance Abuse or Dependence is frequent.
 Individuals who have PPD typically do not have psychotic features, that is, they are
clearly in contact with reality, and they usually do not have hallucinations. However,
they may experience brief psychotic episodes in response to stress. The important thing
to remember is that these individuals do not have Schizophrenia, Paranoid Type because
they do not have hallucinations, and their cognitive disorganization, typical of the
Schizophrenias, is not present. In addition, they are able to function socially and in the
workplace, although their functioning is affected by this disorder. These individuals are
always guarded and alert for attacks from other people in areas of employment, social
areas and home life.
TREATMENT IN PARANOIA
If your paranoid thoughts are causing you distress then you may want to seek treatment. You
may also be offered treatment for paranoia as part of your treatment for a mental health
problem.
The first step is usually to visit your GP. Our information on seeking help for a mental health
problem can help you speak to your doctor about your mental health.
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a. TALKING TREATMENTS
Talking treatments can help you understand your experiences and develop coping strategies to
deal with them.
This information is for anyone who wants to know more about different types of talking therapy
or hear the experiences of people who have used them. It advises how to find a therapist who is
right for you and suggests where to look for more information.
The information mainly uses the words 'talking therapy' and 'therapist', although the words that
other people use may be different.
TALKING IS GOOD FOR YOU
Talking about your thoughts and feelings can help you deal with times when you feel troubled
about something. If you turn a worry over and over in your mind, the worry can grow.
But talking about it can help you work out what is really bothering you and explore what you
could do about it.
Talking is an important part of our relationships. It can strengthen your ties with other people
and help you stay in good mental health. And being listened to helps you feel that other people
care about you and what you have to say.
WHAT ARE TALKING THERAPIES?
We often find it helpful to talk problems through with a friend or family member, but
sometimes friends and family cannot help us and we need to talk to a professional therapist.
Talking therapies involve talking to someone who is trained to help you deal with your negative
feelings. They can help anyone who is experiencing distress. You do not have to be told by a
doctor that you have a mental health problem to be offered or benefit from a talking therapy.
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Talking therapies give people the chance to explore their thoughts and feelings and the effect
they have on their behaviour and mood. Describing what's going on in your head and how that
makes you feel can help you notice any patterns which it may be helpful to change.
It can help you work out where your negative feelings and ideas come from and why they are
there.
Understanding all this can help people make positive changes by thinking or acting differently.
Talking therapies can help people to take greater control of their lives and improve their
confidence.
Talking therapies may also be referred to as:
 counseling
 psychological therapies or treatments
 psychotherapies
The various terms used to describe talking therapies often mean different things to different
people.
Some people use them to describe the level of training of the professional delivering the
therapy. But sometimes there is no link between a therapist's training and the name of the
therapy they offer.
There are no set definitions so it's important to ask about a therapist's level of training.
WHAT KINDS OF TALKING THERAPY ARE THERE?
Different talking therapies are called a confusing mix of names and some therapies have several
names. Don't let the jargon put you off! Behind every technical term is a way of working with
people that is designed to help.
Therapies are usually divided into several broad types. But even therapists who offer the same
kind of therapy will have a slightly different way of working from each other because all
therapists have a personal style as well.
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Some therapists train in more than one kind of therapy. They may decide to combine a few
approaches if that will help you best.
The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) recommends certain
therapies for certain problems, but other therapies might work for you just as well.
 Cognitive behavioural therapies (CBT)

 Dialectic behaviour therapy (DBT)
 Psychodynamic therapies
 Humanistic therapies
 Other kinds of talking therapy
 Support and information
b. COGNITIVE BEHAVIOURAL THERAPY
The most common form of talking treatment for paranoia is cognitive behavioural therapy
(CBT). During CBT, you will examine the way you think and the evidence for your beliefs and
look for different possible interpretations. CBT can also help reduce worry and anxiety that may
influence and increase feelings of paranoia.
Talking therapies can help you work out how to deal with negative thoughts and feelings and
make positive changes.
They can help people who are feeling distressed by difficult events in their lives as well as
people with a mental health problem.
Most people who have never experienced a cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) session, or at
least read about it, tend to share the notion that what psychologists do is pretty much listen to
your problems, sometimes offer advice and different points of view, and make you think about
your feelings, actions, and emotions. In this popular view of therapy, the patient (or client) is a
rather passive subject, and the therapist is the one doing the work. Personally, I don’t think there
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has been a more profound revolution in the study of human psychology as the cognitive
behavioral revolution.
I first became fascinated with CBT while translating and editing some course materials for the
director of the CBT Institute in Ireland, Sylvia Buet. I then discovered that when one mentions
behavioral, most people would think of Pavlov-style basic stimuli-response training; while CBT
was in reality much more complex. Buet in particular teaches her CBT students to ask clients to
sign a contract at the beginning of therapy, which binds them to work to solve their own
problems. Esteban Mello, the director of the CBT Institute in Uruguay, consistently uses half of
each session to explain the tasks the consulting individual will be expected to perform before
their next appointment. In this scenarios, the stereotypical idea of a person who goes to therapy
to “take a load off” every week becomes completely obsolete.
In a nutshell
The principles of CBT are based on a very simple idea: we feel according to what we think, in
other words, our thoughts and cognitive constructions are at the root of our emotions and
behavior patterns. CBT is based on three fundamental propositions:
1. Cognitive activity affects behavior;

2. Cognitive activity may be monitored and altered; and
3. Desired behavior change may be effected through cognitive change.
The original theoretical framework of CBT stems from two main sources, Ellis’ rational
emotive behavioral therapy, known as REBT and Beck’s cognitive therapy. Drawing from a
concept already present in ancient Greek philosophy, Ellis established the A-B-C-model,
where A stands for adversity/activating event, B stands for beliefs and C for consequences. The
idea is that while people think that they get upset (consequence) because of an adversity (A)
(i.e. something “bad” that happened to them), in reality they get upset because of their beliefs
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(B) about what happened, and everything negative they associate with the event in their minds,
and not because of the adversity itself.
On the other hand, Beck developed cognitive therapy (CT), which focused on the identification
of dysfunctional thinking, behavior, and emotional responses, emphasizing on patient-
therapist collaboration and a belief-testing dynamic.
Today, CBT encompasses a variety of therapies that share a basic core, one of the most salient
characteristics all of these therapies have in common is their standardised protocol of testing
and measuring results before any treatment is approved. This means that specific randomized
controlled trials must yield significantly positive results, in order for treatments to be adopted.
Only when consistently positive results are observed when comparing to treatments based on
other therapeutic approaches, can the prospective CBT treatments become an acceptable option.
Problem classification
There are different classes of CBT that are used to deal with different kinds of problems.
Cognitive behavioral therapists classify problems according to the degree of influence the
individual has on them and their outcomes. While coping skills are the main focus when treating
problems which are caused and governed by external factors, cognitive restructuring is the
method of choice when dealing with problems that originate from the individual.
One of the first things Mello teaches his patients is to class problems in three different
categories:
1. Problems upon which the individual has no control whatsoever;

2. Problems that depend partially on the individual and partially on external factors; and
3. Problems that depend solely on the individual.
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For example, a death in the family would be a problem of the first kind. However, if we feel that
having a good time after our loved one’s passing implies that we have no respect for them, or
that we didn´t love them enough; we may be developing a problem of the second kind, where
we have a certain control of the situation, though there are some factors over which we can have
no influence. In these cases, CBT will focus on altering these beliefs, so that the person can
continue to have a normal, healthy life, without feeling guilty about it.
If we asked the person in this last example, what they are upset about, they would most likely
answer “because so-and-so died.” They would thus be focusing on Ellis’ A or adversity, when
in reality, what is making them upset is B (i.e. their own beliefs about their loved one´s death´s
meaning).
Proven results
According to the Beck Institute, over 500 scientific studies have proven that CBT has had
significantly better results than any other therapeutic approach for a growing number of
disorders and problems. These include obsessive compulsive disorder, general anxiety disorder,
post-traumatic stress disorder, bulimia, drug and alcohol abuse, social phobias and dissociative
disorders, among many others.
Conclusions
CBT is a fundamentally empowering approach, in that it has successfully identified certain

ways of thinking that can make the difference between sanity and insanity, between happiness
and unhappiness, and it has developed a variety of techniques to teach patients to substitute
these dysfunctional patterns of thinking, which are often at the root of their problems.
As research progresses and the theoretical framework expands and evolves, and judging from its
past evolution, it is possible to predict that CBT will continue to develop more and more
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effective techniques and strategies to help patients dealing with all kinds of psychological and
psychiatric problems.
c. ART THERAPY
Arts therapies can help you express how you are feeling in different ways. They can be helpful
if you are having difficulty talking about your experience.
Art therapy involves the use of creative techniques such as drawing, painting, collage, coloring,
or sculpting to help people express themselves artistically and examine the psychological and
emotional undertones in their art. With the guidance of a credentialed art therapist, clients can
"decode" the nonverbal messages, symbols, and metaphors often found in these art forms,
which should lead to a better understanding of their feelings and behavior so they can move on
to resolve deeper issues.
 Health: An Art Therapy Guide

 Can Art Heal Loss and Trauma?
WHEN IT’S USED
Art therapy helps children, adolescents, and adults explore their emotions, improve self-esteem,
manage addictions, relieve stress, improve symptoms of anxiety and depression, and cope with
a physical illness or disability. Art therapists work with individuals, couples, and groups in a
variety of settings, including private counseling, hospitals, wellness centers, correctional
institutions, senior centers, and other community organizations. No artistic talent is necessary
for art therapy to succeed, because the therapeutic process is not about the artistic value of the
work, but rather about finding associations between the creative choices made and a client's
inner life. The artwork can be used as a springboard for reawakening memories and telling
stories that may reveal messages and beliefs from the unconscious mind.
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WHAT TO EXPECT
As with any form of therapy, your first session will consist of your talking to the therapist about
why you want to find help and learning what the therapist has to offer. Together, you will come
up with a treatment plan that involves creating some form of artwork. Once you begin creating,
the therapist may, at times, simply observe your process as you work, without interference or
judgment. When you have finished a piece of artwork—and sometimes while you are still
working on it—the therapist will ask you questions along the lines of how you feel about the
artistic process, what was easy or difficult about creating your artwork, and what thoughts or
memories you may have had while you were working. Generally, the therapist will ask about
your experience and feelings before providing any observations.
HOW IT WORK
Art therapy is founded on the belief that self-expression through artistic creation has therapeutic
value for those who are healing or seeking deeper understanding of themselves and their
personalities. According to the American Art Therapy Association, art therapists are trained to
understand the roles that color, texture, and various art media can play in the therapeutic
process and how these tools can help reveal one’s thoughts, feelings, and psychological
disposition. Art therapy integrates psychotherapy and some form of visual arts as a specific,
stand-alone form of therapy, but it is also used in combination with other types of therapy.
WHAT TO LOOK FOR IN AN ART THERAPY
An art therapist has the minimum of a master’s degree, generally from an integrated program in
psychotherapy and visual arts at an educational institution accredited by the Council for
28
Higher Education Accreditation (CHEA). The initials ATR after a therapist’s name means he
or she is registered with the Art Therapy Credentials Board (ATCB). The initials ATR-BC
means the therapist is not only registered but has passed an examination to become board-
certified by the ATCB.
d. MEDICATION
If you have a diagnosis of paranoid schizophrenia or delusional disorder, you are likely to be
offered an antipsychotic drug to reduce your symptoms. Antipsychotics may reduce paranoid
thoughts or make you feel less threatened by them.
If you have anxiety or depression, your GP may offer you antidepressants or minor
tranquillisers. These can help you feel less worried about the thoughts and may stop them
getting worse. See our pages on medication for more general information.
Medication generally is not used to treat PPD. However, medications—such as anti-

anxiety, antidepressant, or anti-psychotic drugs—might be prescribed if the person's
symptoms are extreme, or if he or she also suffers from an associated psychological problem,
such as anxiety or depression.
How is paranoid personality disorder treated?
People with PPD often do not seek treatment on their own because they do not see themselves
as having a problem. The distrust of others felt by people with PPD also poses a challenge for
health care professionals because trust is an important factor of psychotherapy (a form of
counseling). As a result, many people with PPD do not follow their treatment plan and may
even question the motives of the therapist.
29
When a patient seeks treatment for PPD, psychotherapy is the treatment of choice. Treatment
likely will focus on increasing general coping skills, especially trust and empathy, as well as on
improving social interaction, communication, and self-esteem.
Medication generally is not used to treat PPD. However, medications—such as anti-anxiety,

antidepressant, or anti-psychotic drugs—might be prescribed if the person’s symptoms are
extreme, or if he or she also suffers from an associated psychological problem, such as anxiety
or depression.
What are the complications of paranoid personality disorder?

The thinking and behaviors associated with PPD can interfere with a person’s ability to form
and maintain relationships, as well as their ability to function socially and in work situations. In
many cases, people with PPD become involved in legal battles, suing people or companies they
believe are "out to get them.
e. FAMILY AND FRIENDS’ HELP
If you have a relative or friend who may be experiencing paranoid thoughts, it can be difficult to
know how to help. You might feel unsure of how to react, particularly if you don't agree with
the beliefs they are expressing.
30
 Consider if their beliefs might be justified. It's easy to dismiss thoughts as paranoid if you
don't agree with them or they don't match your experience. It's even easier if your loved one
has experienced other paranoid thoughts or delusions in the past. But it's important to check
that you're not making assumptions.
 Consider if there is a basis for their beliefs. Even if you feel that their thoughts aren't
justified, it's worth remembering that many paranoid thoughts will have developed from
anxieties about a real situation. Try to explore whether there is a basis for their fears. This
can help both of you understand how the thoughts have developed.
 Talk openly. Paranoid beliefs can make people feel isolated but talking about them can help
reduce stress. You might find that your point of view reassures them and gives them a
different perspective.
 Don't dismiss their fears. Even if you don't agree that they are under threat or at risk, try to
understand how they are feeling. It's important to recognise that the feelings are very real,
even if you feel the beliefs they are based on are unfounded.
 Focus on their feelings. Focus on the level of distress they are feeling and offer comfort. It's
possible to recognise their alarm and acknowledge their feelings without agreeing with the
reason they feel that way.
 Support them to seek help. You can't force anyone to get help if they don't want it, so it's
important to reassure your loved one that it's ok to ask for help, and that there is help out
there.
 Respect their wishes. Even if you feel that you know what's best, it's important to respect
their wishes and don't try and take over or make decisions without them.
31
 Know how to get help in an emergency. If your loved one hasn't been able to talk to you
about their experiences, they may become very unwell before you realise they need help. If
you are worried that your family member or friend is becoming very unwell or experiencing
a mental health crisis, you could suggest that they use their crisis plan (if they have one). Our
information on crisis services explains more about the help available to support someone in
crisis.
 Look after yourself too. Seeing someone you care about experiencing paranoia can be
distressing or even frightening. Our information on how to cope when supporting someone
else and how to improve your mental wellbeing can help you look after yourself too.
32
CHAPTER III:
CONCLUSION
AND
RECOMMENDATION
33
CONCLUSION
At this period of their lives, being a paranoid person is awful. The reason why, is that
every moments of our lives have different changes. It is true that we can’t control our temper
sometimes, but we need to control it no matter what, so that we won’t turn into a paranoid
person in the people’s eye. Sometimes, a person who’s suffering from paranoia is depressed
which may cause negative changes like suicide. Paranoia is not a joke, so if you are still young,
you must learn how to control your temper and learn how to communicate with other.
RECOMMENDATION
It is our immense pleasure to recommend this book for all the paranoid people, For
them to learn how to deal with their illness. For those paranoid people:
If you are talking with someone, PLEASE! You must learn to control your temper.
Just calm yourselves and do not think any negative actions and thoughts that you will regret on
last.
If you’re facing a problems, you must surround yourself to those people who love you and
supports you, especially your family and friends.
Be observant to those things happening around you to avoid physical, emotional, behavioural
and health changes/problems.
34
CHAPTER IV:
APPENDICES
35
Graph of findings and interpretation
A. Surveyed graph
1. What do you feel when someone is shouting at you?
12%
34%
Sad
Mad
Normal
54%
In our 50 respondents, % of them chose Sad % of them chose Mad and % of them
chose normal.
2. What will you do if you are suffering from paranoia?
Consult a psychiatrist
32%
42%
Ignore it
Get some help from friends and

family
26%
In our 50 respondents, 32% of them will consult a psychiatrist, 26% of them will
ignore it and 42% of the will get some help to their friends and family.
36
3. How many hours do you sleep in one day?
10%
36% 5 Hours
26% 6 Hours
7 Hours
8 Hours
28%
In our 50 respondents, 10% of them sleep 5 hours, 26% of them sleep 6 hours, 28% of
them sleep 7 hours and 36% of them sleep 8 hours a day.
4. Where do you go when you’re irritated?
26%
In a quiet place
46% In the corner of my room
In the park
10% In my friend's house
18%
In our 50 respondents, 46% of them go in a quiet place, 18% of the go in the corner of
their room, 10% of them go in the park and 26% of them go in their friends’ house.
37
5. If you are suffering from paranoia, what will you do?
19%
Tell my family
Go to a psychiatrist and get some

10% help
Tell my friends to comfort me
and rest
61%
10% Always think positive
In our 50 respondents, 36% of them tell their family, 20% of the will go to a psychiatrist
and get some help, another 20% of them will tell their friends to comfort them and rest
and 24% of them will always think positive.
1. I will always clear my mind and always think positive.

2%
2%
Strongly Agree
Agree
40%
Strongly Disagree
56%
Disagree
In our 50 respondents, 56% of them Strongly Agreed, 40% of the Agreed, 2% of the
Strongly Disagreed and another 2% of them Disagreed to this statement.
38
2. I will always ignore judgemental people.
2%
8%
36% Strongly Agree

Agree
Strongly Disagree
Disagree
54%
In our 50 respondents, 36% of them Strongly Agreed, 54% of the Agreed, 8% of them
Strongly Disagreed and 2% of the Disagreed to this statement.
3. I will control my temper when someone make fun of me.
6%
4%
32%
Strongly Agree
Agree
Strongly Disagree
Disagree
58%
In our 50 respondents, 32% of them Strongly Agreed, 58% of them Agreed, 4% of them
Strongly Disagreed and 6% of them disagreed to this statement.
39
4. I will avoid getting irritated easily to avoid being paranoid.
0% 0%
38% Strongly Agree

Agree
Strongly Disagree
62% Disagree
In our 50 respondents, 38% of them Strongly Agreed, 62% of them Agreed and none of
them Strongly Disagreed and Disagreed to this statement.
5. I will avoid getting mad and angry easily.
2% 2%
Strongly Agree
Agree
42%
Strongly Disagree
54%
Disagree
In our 50 respondents, 54% of them Strongly Agreed, 42% of them Agreed and 2% of
them Strongly Disagreed and Disagreed in this statement.
40
1. Have you already experienced paranoia?
28%
Yes
No
72%
In our 50 respondents, 28% of them answered Yes and 72% of them answered No to this
question.
2. Have you already talked to a paranoid person?
32%
Yes
No
68%
In our 50 respondents, 32% of them answered Yes and 68% of the answered No to this
question.
41
3. Is it hard to communicate with a paranoid person?
46% Yes
No
54%
In our 50 respondents, 46% of them answered Yes and 54% of the answered No to this
question.
4. Have you already helped someone who is suffering from paranoia?
28%
Yes
No
72%
question.
42
5. Are you easily offended when someone offend you?
Yes
50% 50%
No
In our 50 respondents, %0% of them answered Yes and 50% of them answered No to this
question.
6. Are you defensive and always angry in everything?
48% Yes
52% No
In our 50 respondents, 48% of the answered Yes and 52% of them answered No to this
question.
43
7. Are you easily irritated when someone make fun of you?
44%
Yes
No
56%
question.
8. Do you trust everybody 100%?
20%
Yes
No
80%
In our 50 respondents, 20% of the answered Yes and 80% of them answered No to this
question.
44
9. Do you have an aggressive attitude?
42%
Yes
No
58%
question.
10. Are you easily get mad when someone put a joke on you?
Yes
50% 50%
No
In our 50 respondents, Half of them answered Yes and Half of them answered No to this
question.
45
COPY OF THE QUESTIONNAIRES
ARCHDIOCESE OF TUGUEGARAO
CAGAYAN VALLEY INSTITUTE
APARRI, CAGAYAN
_________________________________________________________________
Dear Respondents,
We are conducting a survey as a requirements in English 10 entitle
“PARANOIA: HOW TO DEAL WITH IT?” and we choose you to

answer
the following honestly and completely.
Thank You and God Bless!!
Yours Truly,
Lloyd Christian Espergal

Jonel Del Campo
Daniel Auingan
Kylie Abon
(RESEARCHERS)
46
Name:
Age:
Sex:
Address:
Please check the correct answer.
1. What do you feel when someone is shouting at you?

( ) Sad
( ) Mad
( ) Normal
2. What will you do if you are suffering from paranoia?

( ) Consult a psychiatrist
( ) Ignore it
( ) Get some help from friends and family
3. How many hours do you sleep in one day?

( ) 5 hours
( ) 6 hours
( ) 7 hours
( ) 8 hours
4. Where do you go when you’re irritated?

( ) In a quiet place
( ) In the corner of my room
( ) In the park
( ) In my friend’s house
5. If you are suffering from paranoia what will you do?

( ) Tell my family
( ) Go to a psychiatrist and get some help
( ) Tell my friends to comfort my mind and rest
( ) Always think positive
47
STRONGLY STRONGLY
AGREE AGREE DISAGREE DISAGREE
I will always clear my mind and always think positive
I will always ignore judgemental people
I will control my temper when someone make fun of
me
I will avoid getting irritated easily to avoid being
pranoid
I will avoid getting mad or angry easily
Instruction: Check your answers.
YES NO
Have you already experienced paranoia?
Have you already talk to a paranoid person?
Is it hard to communicate with a paranoid person?

Have you already helped someone who is suffering
from paranoia?
Are you easily offended when someone offend you?
Are you defensive and always angry in everything?

Are you easily irritated when someone make fun of
you?
Do you trust everybody 100%?
Do you have an aggressive attitude?

Are you easily get mad when someone put a joke on
you?
48
DOCUMENTATION:
 Making the Survey
49
 FLOATING THE QUESTIONNAIRES
50
 PICTURES OF THE RESEARCHERS
51
INDEX
52
BIBLIIOGRAPHY
http://inhn.org/archives/ban-collection/paranoia.html prehistory of paranoia
https://psychcentral.com/encyclopedia/paranoid-delusion/ paranoid delusion

https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/paranoid paranoid def.
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/delusion delusion def.
https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/schizophrenia/what-is-schizophrenia
schizophrenia def.
https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/causes-of-paranoia causes of paranoia
https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/types-of-mental-health-
problems/paranoia/causes-of-paranoia/#.XIog2CgzbDc other causes of paranoia
https://www.sharecare.com/health/paranoid-schizophrenia/positive-symptoms-of-
paranoid-schizophrenia positive and negative effects of paranoia
problems/paranoia/treatment/#.XIo3_SgzbDd treatment in paranoia
https://www.mentalhealth.org.uk/a-to-z/t/talking-therapies talking therapy
http://www.brainblogger.com/2012/06/05/the-cognitive-behavioral-miracle-controlling-
your-emotions/ cognitive behavioural therapy
https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/therapy-types/art-therapy art therapy
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9784-paranoid-personality-
disorder/management-and-treatment medication
problems/paranoia/for-friends-and-family/#.XIpH9ygzbDc friends and families
53

How To Deal With Paranoia

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Research Paper English 10

“Paranoia: How to deal with it?”

Mr. Patrick Paul G. Albior

In Partial Fulfilment of the

Lloyd Christian Espergal

CHAPTER I: PRELIMINARIES ----------------------------------------------------------------- 4

a.a Dedication ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5

a.b Acknowledgement ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6

a.c Preface --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7

CHAPTER II: THE BODY OF THE RESEARCH ----------------------------------------- 8

b.a Introduction --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9

CHAPTER III: CONCLUSIONAND RECOMMENDATION ---------------------- 33

c.a Final thought and recommendation -------------------------------------------------- 34

CHAPTER IV: APPENDICES -------------------------------------------------------------- 35

In the CHAPTER II, includes the CONCLUSION and RECOMMENDATION of the

THE BODY OF THE

is no evidence to support these suspicions. Paranoia is a symptom of several physical and

medical conditions, including schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, and delusional disorder.

types of paranoia include paranoid personality disorder, delusional (formerly paranoid)

disorder and paranoid schizophrenia.

be a symptom of a number of conditions, including paranoid personality disorder, delusional

(paranoid) disorder and schizophrenia.

a. Where did paranoia first discovered?

PREHISTORY: THE TERM AND ITS MEANINGS

(Encyclopedia Britannica 1969) and "madness" (Webster's 1985), terms, introduced by

Aristotle (343-322 BC), as well as by the physician, Hippocrates (450-355 BC).

de Sauvages' (1759) Pathologia Methodica, in France, and subsequently, in Rudolph August

"fatuitas", "stupiditas", "amentia", and "oblivion".

and the development of the nosologic-diagnostic concept of "paranoia" begins.

b. What is paranoid delusion

Paranoia has a three (3) types, the PARANOID, DELUSIONS, and

-is an idiosyncratic belief or impression that is firmly maintained despite being

-a long-term mental disorder of a type involving a breakdown in the relation between

C. WHAT ARE THE CAUSES OF PARANOIA?

paranoid thoughts are fairly common in the general population..

combination of factors is responsible.

HERE ARE THE CAUSES OF PARANOIA

1. PARANOID PERSONALITY DISORDER

A personality disorder is a long-standing pattern of problematic thoughts, feelings and

Psychotic disorder and bipolar disorder can cause paranoia.

Other causes of paranoia include:

 Neurological disease: Diseases such as dementia (including Alzheimer’s

Paranoia is sometimes a symptom of certain physical illnesses such as Huntington's

10. LACK OF SLEEP

D. POSITIVE EFFECTS OF PARANOIA

Positives effects of paranoia includes: DELUSIONS and HALLUCINATION.

E. NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF PARANOIA

Beside positive effect there’s also a negative effects of paranoia.

 Paranoid personality disorder (PPD) is characterized by an extreme level of distrust and

TALKING IS GOOD FOR YOU

WHAT ARE TALKING THERAPIES?

Talking therapies may also be referred to as:

WHAT KINDS OF TALKING THERAPY ARE THERE?

 Cognitive behavioural therapies (CBT)

b. COGNITIVE BEHAVIOURAL THERAPY

1. Cognitive activity affects behavior;

1. Problems upon which the individual has no control whatsoever;

CBT is a fundamentally empowering approach, in that it has successfully identified certain

 Health: An Art Therapy Guide

WHEN IT’S USED

WHAT TO LOOK FOR IN AN ART THERAPY

Medication generally is not used to treat PPD. However, medications—such as anti-