chapter 10: personality disorders

most common diagnose is personality disorder

EGO-DYSTONIC not otherwise specified or PDNOS
- those who have them are aware they have a
problem and tend to be distressed by their MOST OF THE EXTREME AND SEVERE

symptoms DISORDERS GO BY NAMES THAT

- ex. OCD, bipolar disorder RECOGNIZE:

>> PSYCHOPATHY
EGO-SYSTONIC >> SOCIOPATHY
- the person experiencing them does not
necessarily think they have a problem DSM 5 GROUPED INTO 3 CLUSTERS:
- sometimes they think that the problem is 1.) CLUSTER A #Weird
everyone else
- ex. OCPD and other personality disorders

PERSONALITY DISORDERS

- odd or eccentric/ slightly strange personality

characteristics
- has 3 personality disorders

>> PARANOID PERSONALITY DISORDER

- are psychological disorders marked by
inflexible, disruptive, and enduring behavior
patterns that impair social and other
functioning, whether the sufferer recognizes
that or not
- considered to be chronic and
- people with paranoid may feel a pervasive
enduring/continuing/long lasting syndromes
distrust of others, be constantly guarded and
that create noticeable problems in life
suspicious
- shows harmless displays of narcissism to a true
- they assume that people are manipulative,
and troubling lack of empathy for other people
liars, or will disappoint them
- some of these conditions overlap with each
ex. narcissistic personality
other so much that it can be impossible to tease disorder has many traits that
resemble histrionic personality
them apart, and because of this matter, the
disorder
>> SCHIZOID PERSONALITY DISORDER
 they are willing to consider and challenge the
facts

2.) CLUSTER B #Wild

- would seem be overly aloof/distant,

indifferent, no interest in relationships, few
emotional responses
- dramatic, emotional, impulsive personality
- voluntary detachment from social relationships
characteristics
and sexual relationships
- behavior of cluster B can be truly self-
- considered as loner, wants a job that does not
destructive and frightening, and these disorders
have include much interaction with other
are often associated with frequent
people. ex. mingming
hospitalization
- they also tend to have a very flat affect as well
- this can be confused with personality disorder
>> ANTISOCIAL PERSONALITY
because they tend to be alone but schizoid is
alone for very different reasons
DISORDER

>> SCHIZOTYPAL PERSONALITY

DISORDER/STPD

- vogue synonyms are psychopath or sociopath

- a personality disorder in which a person
exhibits a lack of conscience/empathy for
wrongdoing, even toward friends and family
- means odd type or schizoid type
members, classic remorselessness/ no pity, and
- very eccentric/strange and magical thinking
sometimes criminal behavior but criminality is
that don’t fit in cultural norms
not always a component of antisocial behavior
- trouble keeping and forming relationship with
- destructive behavior surfaces in childhood or
others since they are very uncomfortable with
adolescence or, beginning with excessive lying,
social situations, but they have very close
fighting, stealing, violence, or manipulation
friends other than relatives
- in adults, they end up in one of two situations,
- sometimes they can be seen wearing clothes
either they have occupational impairment and
that are outside of social norms
engage in violent criminal or similarly
- similar with schizophrenia, strange or unusual
dysfunctional behavior; or they become clever,
beliefs (not delusions) but unlike schizophrenia,
charming con-artist, or ruthless executives who
make their way to positions of power
- causal factors might be combination of
biological and psychological threads, both
genetic and environmental or gene-
environment interaction
- genes does not explain the behaviors but twin - a complicated set of learned behaviors and
and adoption studies do show that relatives of emotional responses to traumatic and neglectful
those with psychopathic features themselves environments, particularly in childhood
- other causal factor is brain deficits structures - BPD sufferers have often learned to use
such as reduced activity in the frontal lobe, dysfunctional, unhealthy ways to get their basic
associated with impulse control and keeping aggressive psychological needs met such as love and
behavior in check. some people have less 11% of frontal
lobe tissues than average brains; responded less to facial validation by using things like outburst of rage
displays such as stress or anguish that can be observe in
childhood (forceful expression of anger or violent
so, some people with antisocial behavior does outburst) or on the other end of spectrum, self-
not have empathy since they cannot or don’t injury behaviors such as cutting or worse
register facial expressions/other feelings
- most common in men than women and IMPAIREMENT IN FEAR CONDITIONING
detected as young as 3 or 4 years old, often as - lower than normal response to things that
typically startle or frighten children such as loud
an impairment in fear conditioning, so, as
and unpleasant noises
adults, they don’t necessarily connect or are >> HISTRIONIC PERSONALITY
about learned consequences when they are DISORDER
little
- they show little or no increase in heart rate
when shown violent and scary pictures
compared to normal individuals

- acting a part, attention-seeking, dramatic and

dangerous risk takers
- putting themselves at risk with dramatic,
dangerous, and even suicidal gestures

>> BORDERLINE PERSONALITY >> NARCISSISTIC PERSONALITY

DISORDER/BPD DISORDER
 - lack of confidence, excessive need to be taken
care of, fear of abandonment
- are selfish, grandiose sense of self-
importance and entitlement
>> OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE
PERSONALITY DISORDER
3.) CLSUTER C #Worried

- are anxious, avoidance, or fearful personality

characteristics

>> AVOIDANT PERSONALITY DISORDER

- similar with schizoid personality disorder but
schizoid does not have interest at all while
avoidant does but are worried about
embarrassing themselves, it won’t work, and
worried a lot related to social relationships

>> DEPENDENT PERSONALITY

DISORDER