Divine Word College of San Jose

San Jose, Occidental Mindoro

Republic of the Philippines

Physics XII

PROJECT IN PHYSICS

SUBMITTED BY:
REINIER G. CABRERA

SUBMITTED BY:
MR. PETER JOHN B. SERQUIňA
 Momentum

1. Calculate the momentum of a 12ookg porche with a velocity of 25m/s.

p = mv = 1200 X 25 = 30,000kg.m/s

2. What is the momentum of a child and wagon if the total mass of the
child and wagon is 22kg and the velocity is 1.5m/s?
p = mv = 22 X 1.5 = 33kg.m/s

3. The parking brake on a 1200kg automobile has broken, and the vehicle has reached
a momentum of 7800kg.m/s. What is the velocity of the vehicle?
V = p/m = 7800/1200 = 6.5m/s

4. A toy dart gun generates a dart with .140kg.m/s momentum and a velocity
of 4m/s. What is the mass of the dart in grams?
M = p/v = .140/4 = .035kg conversion: .035 X 1000 = 35grams

5. Calculate the momentum of a 1500kg car with a velocity of 28m/s.

p = mass ● velocity

p = (1500 kg)(28 m/s)

p = 42, 000 kg.m/s

6. A school bus traveling at 40 km/hr. (11.1m/s) has a momentum of 152625 kg.m/s.

What is the mass of the bus?
M = p/v = 152625/11.1 = 13,750kg
7. What is the momentum of a child and wagon if the total mass of the child and wagon is 25kg and the
velocity is 1.5m/s?

p = mass ● velocity
p = (25 kg)(1.5 m/s)
p = 37.5 kg.m/s

8. A 9,300 kg. railroad car traveling at a velocity of 15m/s strikes a second boxcar
at rest. If the two cars stick together and move off with a velocity of 6m/s, what is the mass
of the second car?
p1 = p2
m1 v1 = m2 v2
(9,300) (15) = (m2) (6) m2 = mass of both cars = 9,300 + X
139,500 = (9,300 + X) (6) X = mass of second
boxcar
139,500 = 55,800 +6X
139,500 - 55,800 = 6X
83,700 = 6X
83,700/6 = X
X = 13,950 kg
9. A car having 20m/s velocity and 1500kg mass moves to the south.

Given: Solution:
m = 1500 kg p = mass ● velocity
V= 20 m/s p = (1500 kg)(20 m/s)
p= ? p = 30,000 kg.m/s south

10. A 1.0 kg ball traveling at 4.0 m/s strikes a wall and bounces straight back at 2.0 m/s. Find Δp.
m = 1.0 kg Δp = mΔV

Δp = (1.0 kg)(2.0 m/s - 4.0 m/s)

Δp = -6.0 kg.m/s
 Work
1.Let us consider the work example problem: A train covers a distance of 15 km and that the
force is causing it to accelerate at a rate of 0.7 m/s2. Calculate the work done?
Work = 15 x 0.7 = 10.5 J
Therefore, the value of Work is 10.5 J.
A body moves through a displacement of 4 m while a force F of 12 Newton acts on it. What is
the work done by the force on the body?
Work = force x displacement
W=FxS
W = 12 x 4
W = 48 J

2. Two forces that are F1 = 10 N and F2 = 5 N act on a body in a frictionless floor. The
displacement of the body is 5 m, what is the work done by the forces on the body!
W = (F1 + F2) x S
W = (10 + 5) x 5
W = 15 x 5
W = 75 J
3.Two forces that are F1 = 10 N and F2 = 5 N act on a body in a frictionless floor. The
displacement of the body is 5 m, what is the work done by the forces on the body!

W = (F1 + F2) x S
W = (10 + 5) x 5
W = 15 x 5
W = 75 J

4. A boy lifts up a book from the floor to the table. The mass of the book is 300 gram and the
height of the table is 80 cm.Find the work done by the boy when the acceleration due to gravity
is 10 m/s2

Finding the work done by calculating the difference of gravitational potential energy of the book,
where the gravitational potential energy is Ep = m x g x h

W = Δ Ep
W=mxgxh
W = 0.300 x 10 x 0.80
W = 2.4 J
5.

In the picture given above F pulls a box having 4kg mass from point A to B. If the friction
constant between surface and box is 0,3; find the work done by F, work done by friction force
and work done by resultant force.
Work done by F;
WF=F.X=20.5=100 joule
Work done by friction force;
Wfriction=-Ff.X=-k.mg.X=-0,3.4.10.5=-60 joule
Work done by resultant force;
Wnet=Fnet.X=(F-Ff).X=(20-0,3.4.10)5
Wnet=40 J

6. Applied force vs. position graph of an object is given below. Find the work done by the forces
on the object.

Area under the graph gives us work done by the force.

Work done between 0-5m:
W1=4.5=20 joule
Work done between 5-8m:
W2=(6+4)/2.3=15 joule

Work done between 8-11m:

W3= 6.3/2=9 joule
Work done between 11-15m:
W4=-5.4/2=-10 joule
Wnet=W1+W2+W3+W4=20+15+9+(-10)
Wnet=34 J

7. . How much work does jolo perform if he pushes the 6000 N stalled car a distance of 25 meters
W = Force x Distance
W = (6000 N) (25m)
W= 150 000 J

8 How much work does raff perform in pushing a 30 N crate a distance of 4 meters?
W = Force x Distance
W = (30 N) (4m)
W= 120 J

9. A box having 2 kg mass, under the effect of forces F1, F2 and F3, takes distance 5m. Which
ones of the forces do work.

Since box moves from point A to B, only F3 does work.

W3=F3.X
W3=30.5=150J
10. Lory uses a force of 50 N to move the grocery basket 10 meters. How much work did she perform?

W = Force x Distance
W = (50 N) (10 m)
W= 500 J
 FORCe

1. An object resting on a table, shown in the figure below. Mass of the object is 1
kg. Acceleration of gravity is 9.8 m/s2. Determine the normal force exerted on the object by the
table.

Known :
Mass (m) = 1 kg
Acceleration of gravity (g) = 9.8 m/s2
Weight (w) = m g = (1 kg)(9.8 m/s2) = 9.8 kg m/s2 = 9.8 Newton
Wanted: normal force (N)
Solution :

The object is at rest on the table, so the net force on the object is zero (Newton’s first or second
law). The weight of the object acts vertically downward, toward the center of the Earth. There
must be another force on the object to balance the gravitational force. Object resting on the table,
so that the table exerts this upward force. The force exerted by the table is often called a normal
force (N). Normal means perpendicular.
Choose the upward direction as the positive y-direction. The net force on the object is :
∑Fy = 0
N–w=0
N=w
N=mg
N = 9.8 N
The normal force on the object, exerted by the table is 9.8 N upward.
2. Two objects resting on a table. Mass of object 1 (m1) = 1 kg, mass of object 2 (m2) = 2 kg,
acceleration due to gravity (g) =9.8 m/s2. Determine the magnitude and direction of the normal
force exerted by m2 on the m1 and the normal force exerted by the table on the m2.

Solution

Known :
Mass of the object 1 (m1) = 1 kg
Mass of the object 2 (m2) = 2 kg
Acceleration of gravity (g) = 9.8 m/s2
Weight of object 1 (w1) = m1 g = (1)(9.8 m/s2) = 9.8 kg m/s2 = 9.8 Newton
Weight of object 2 (w2) = m2 g = (2)(9.8 m/s2) = 19.6 kg m/s2 = 19.6 Newton
Wanted : N1 and N2
Solution :
(a) Normal force exerted by m2 to the m1 (N1)
N1 = w1 = 9.8 Newton
Direction of N1 is upward.
(b) Normal force exerted by the table on the m2 (N2)
N2 = w1 + w2 = 9.8 Newton + 19.6 Newton = 29.4 N
Direction of N2 is upward.
3. An object resting on the table. Mass of the object is 2 kg, acceleration due to gravity is 9.8
m/s2. Magnitude of the force F is 10 Newton. Find the magnitude and direction of the normal
force exerted by the table on the object.

Solution

Known :
Mass of the object (m) = 2 kg
Acceleration due to gravity (g) = 9.8 m/s2
Weight (w) = m g = (2 kg)(9.8 m/s2) = 19.6 kg m/s2 = 19.6 Newton
Force F (F) = 10 Newton
Wanted : magnitude and direction of the normal force (N)
Solution :
direction of the normal force is upward.
Magnitude of the normal force :
∑F = 0
N–F–w=0
N=F+w
N = 10 Newton + 20 Newton
N = 30 N
4. An object resting on a table. Object’s mass is 1 kg, acceleration due to gravity is 9,8 m/s2,
force F1 is 10 N and force F2 is 20 N. Determine magnitude and direction of the normal force
exerted by the table on the object. g = 9.8 m/s2

Solution

Known :
Mass (m) = 1 kg
Acceleration of gravity (g) = 9.8 m/s2
Weight (w) = m g = (1 kg)(9.8 m/s2) = 9.8 kg m/s2 = 9.8 Newton
F1 = 10 Newton
F2 = 20 Newton
Wanted : magnitude and direction of the normal force (N)
Solution :
Direction of the normal force is upward.
Magnitude of the normal force :
∑F = 0
N – F2 – w + F1 = 0
N = F2 + w – F1
N = 20 Newton + 9.8 Newton – 10 Newton
N = 19.8 N
5. A block displacement cause of a force in a horizontal surface is 13 meter and the work done
by the force on the block is 15.6 joule. Find the magnitude of the force!

Answer
Work = force x displacement
W=FxS
15.6 = F x 13
F = 15,6 / 13
F = 1.2 N

6. A work done on a block through two forces is 120 joule.

If the displacement of the block is 5 m, determine the magnitude of F2!

Answer
W = (F1 − F2) x S
120 = (36 − F2) x 5
120 / 5 = 36 − F2
24 = 36 − F2
F2 = 36 − 24
F2 = 12N

7. Find the force of an object with mass as 400 kg and acceleration as 20 m/s2.
Given: Solution:
400 kg – Mass Force= Mass ● Acceleration
20 m/s2 – Acceleration F= (400 kg) (20 m/s2 )
? – Force F= 8000 N
a= 0.3 m/s2
8. What is the force on a 900 kg elevator that is falling freely at 9.8 m/sec2?

Given: Solution:
900 kg – Mass Force= Mass ● Acceleration
9.8 m/s2 – Acceleration F= (900 kg) (9.8 m/s2 )
? – Force F= 8,820 N

9. An object of mass 150 kg is observed to accelerate at the rate of 6 m/s2. Calculate the force
required to produce this acceleration.

Given: Solution:
150 kg – Mass Force= Mass ● Acceleration
6 m/s2 – Acceleration F= (150 kg) (6 m/s2 )
? – Force F= 900 N
10. An airplane has a mass of 98000kg. What is the minimum necessary lift force to get the
airplane off the ground?

Given: Solution:
98000 kg – Mass Force= Mass ● Acceleration
9.8 m/s2 – Constant Acceleration F= (98000 kg) (9.8 m/s2 )
? – Force F= 960, 400 N
 POWER
1.A typical adult in the United States consumes something like 2000 calories of food per day.
Determine the average power generated by such an adult (assuming he or she is not gaining or
losing weight).
W
P=
T
2000 kcal 4186 J 1 day
P=
1 day kcal 24 × 60 × 60 s

P = 97W ≈ 100 W

2.How much power is required to do 200 joules of work in 4 seconds?What if you do the same
work in 2 seconds? Did you notice anything? Say what you noticed.
Solution:
Power =
work donetime interval
Power = 200/4
Power = 50 Watts or 50 joules per second
What if the same work is done in 2 seconds
Power = 200/2
Power = 100 Wa or 100 joules per second

3. Which person is more powerful?

It takes John 2 seconds to lift a 100-kg barbell a distance of 20 centimeters.
It takes Peter 3 seconds to lift a 200-kg barbell a distance of 15 centimeters.
Solution:
First, convert 20 centimeters and 15 centimeters to meters.
20 centimeters = 0.20 meters and 15 centimeters = 0.15 meters.
Find the force that is required to lift 100 kg and 150 against gravity.
F = 100 × 10 = 1000
Newtons
F = 200 × 10 = 2000 Newtons
Power =
work done/ time interval
Power =
F×d
John's power =1000 × 0.2 / 2
John's power =1000 / 2 × 0.2
Power = 500 × 0.2
Power = 100 W or 100 joules per second
Peter's power =
2000 × 0.15 / 3 =100w
John's power =
300 / 3=100 W

Power = 100 Watts or 100 joules per second

John and Peter have the same power.

4. When doing a chin-up, a physics student lifts her body with a force of 500 N in a distance of
0.25 meters in 2 seconds. What is the power delivered by the student's biceps?

Given: Solution:
F = 500 N W= Force ● Distance P= Work ÷ Time
t= 2 s W= (500 N) (0.25 m) P= 125 J ÷ 2 s
d=0.25 m W= 125 J P= 62.5w
P=?
W=?
5. When a car stops, 50000J of work is done by the brakes in a time of 5s. Calculate the power
of the brakes.
Given: Solution:
W = 50 000 J P= Work ÷ Time
t= 5 s P= 50 000 J ÷ 5 s
P=? P= 10 000w

6. A tired mouse (mass of approximately 1 kg) does push-ups by applying a force to elevate its
center-of-mass by 8 cm in order to do a mere 1.00 Joule of work. If the tired squirrel does all this
work in 2 seconds, then determine its power.
Given: Solution:
W = 1.00 J P= Work ÷ Time
t= 2 s P= 1.00 J ÷ 2 s
P=? P= 0.5 w
7. A set of pulleys is used to lift a piano weighing 1000 newton. The piano is lifted 3 meters In
60 seconds. How much power is used?
Given: Solution:
F = 1000 N W= Force ● Distance w= Work ÷ Time
t= 60 s W= (1000 N) (3 m) w= 3000 J ÷ 60 s
d=3 m W= 3000 J w= 50 w
w=?
W=?

8. A TV set consumes 300 J of work in 10 seconds. How much power is that?

Given: Solution:
W = 300 J P= Work ÷ Time
t= 10 s P= 300 J ÷10 s
P=? P= 30 w
9. How much power Is used if a force of 30 newton Is used to push a box a distance of 10 meters
in 5 seconds?

Given: Solution:
F = 30 N W= Force ● Distance w= Work ÷ Time
t= 5 s W= (30 N) (10m) w= 300 J ÷ 5 s
d= 10 m W= 300 J w= 60 w
W=?
W=?
10. If you pull a toy dragon with 200.N of force for 10. meters in 2 seconds, how much power
did you use?

Given: Solution:
F = 200 N W= Force ● Distance P= Work ÷ Time
t= 2 s W= (200 N) (10 m) P= 2000 J ÷ 2 s
d=10 m W= 2000 J P= 1000 w
P=?
W=?