MaBpo Op6HHH

KPAlbEBCTBO CAOBEHA

npHpe,llHO H HaDHCaO YBO,llHY CTY,llHjy

,l{paron.y6 n. AHTHn

TaHewa K:Jly6
Beorp~,2016.ro,llHHe
 MaBpo Op6RBR
KP~EBCTBOCAOBEHA CAAPlKAJ

DpBpe)'lBO B BaDBCaO YBO)'lBY CTY)'lBjy

YBo,n;Ha pe'-I 5

.llparon.yo D. ABTBh
pe)'lOBBB '1A8.B DeTpOBCKe aKa)'leMBje BaYKa B
YMeTBOCTB (DAHH) BS CaBKT DeTepoypra PeaABa .llUMeu3uja Kpan.eecmea CnoeeHa MaBpa Op6uuuja
(yBO,n;Ha CTy,n;Hja npHpeOHBa'-Ia H3,n;aaa ,llparolhy6a n. AHTHha) 7

KPAlbEBCTBO CAOBEHA MABPA OPBHHHJA 89

06jaIllaeaa '-IHTaOUY 91

HS)'laBa":l KPAlbEBCTBO CAOBEHA 93

raHew.a rcny6
nOCBeTa MapHHY rocnapa AH,n;pHje S06alheBHha 95

3a BS)'laBa":la ,llOH MaBpO Op6HHH '-IHTaOll.HMa 99

JOBaB TBMoTBjeBBh AyTOPH IJ;HTHpaHH y OBOM ,n;eAy 102

onMC CKAH.ll:MHABMJE KOJA JE SMM ,llPEBHA

,llOMOBMHA CAOBEHA 107

nOPEKAO CAOBEHA M PA3BOJ lbMXOBOf UAPCTBA 109

mTaMDapBja
nU npecc, DBPOT ,llOH MaBpO Op6HHH '-IHTaOIJ;HMa 283

AYTOPOB npe,n;roBop aeroBoj aeroBoj MCTOPHjH KpalheBa ,llaAMaIJ;Hje 284

TBPaJK

1000
MCTOPMJA KPAlbEBA ,llMMAUMJE M ,llPYfMX OKOAHMX

MAMPCKMX KPAJEBA O,ll AETA fOCnO,lllbEf 495.,llO 1161. 285

HACTABAK BEll nOMEHYTE MCTOPMJE KPAlbEBA ,llMMAUMJE 320

Op6HHHjeB nonHC BruKHHjHx pe'-IH (MH,n;eKc nojMoBa) 523

Beorp8Jl
20l6.ro)'lBBe
2
3
 YBOAHAPET.f

Ka,a;a je rrpe .Il.Ba BeKa y06AHqaBaHa MO.ll.epHa KapTa EBpOrre, CBa­

KH O.ll. BeAHKHX eBpOrrCKHX HapO.ll.a je Ha 6a3H O.ll.a6paHHX HCTOPHjCKHX
H3BOpa Y06AHqHO CBOjy Hall.HOHaAHY HCTOPHjy y CKAa.ll.Y ca O.ll.a6paHHM
MeTO.Il.OAOIIIKHM rrpHcTyrroM KOjH je y TO BpeMe HaMeTHYT MO.ll.epHOM CBe­
Ty KaO "KpHTHqKH rrpHCTyrr". CprrCKH HapO.ll.je y TOM TpeHYTKY paCrrOAa­
rao 3HaqajHHM .Il.eAHMa MaBpa Op6HHHja H JOBaHa PajHha, aAH Y06AH­
qaBalbe Hall.HOHaAHe HCTopHje je OBa .Il.Ba H3Bopa BpAO MaAO KOPHCTHAO,
rra cy qaK H rrpOrAaIIIeHH caMO HHTepecaHTHHM, aAH He.ll.OBOlbHO HayqHo
3aCHOBaHHM H "HeKpHTHqHHM".
Pa3A03H 3a TaKaB rrpHCTyrr AeLKe y rrO.ll.elbeHOCTH cprrCKor HapO.ll.a
H3MetlY.ll.Be MohHe HMrrepHje TypcKor H Xa636ypIIIKor ll.apCTBa, rrOT­
rrOMaraHOM BepCKHM rrO.ll.eAaMa Ha rrpaBOCAaBll.e, MYCAHMaHe H pHMO­
KaTOAHKe H BeAHKHM KYATypHHM H eKOHOMCKHM pa3AHKaMa. BeOMa jaKa
LKelba 3a oCA060tlelheM H Hau.HOHaAHHM yje.ll.HlhelbeM, rrpaheHa rraHCAa­
BHCTHqKHM H jyrocAoBeHCKHM H.Il.ejaMa, y3 HOBHje H.Il.eOAorHje, BO.ll.HAa je
Ka CTBapalhY LKelbe 3a rrpeBa3HAaLKelheM rrO.ll.eAa H pa3AHKa Kp03 y06AH­
qaBalhe Ha,a;Hall.Hje y CKAa.Il.Y ca rrpaKCOM reHepHcalba eBporrCKHX KOAO­
HHjaAHHX Hall.Hja. Ta H.Il.eja he HrpaTH rrpecy.ll.HY yAOry TOKOM Hape.ll.Ha
.Il.Ba BeKa H .Il.OBeIIIhe.ll.o HaCTaHKa JyroCAaBHje.
HaLKaAOCT, rrpoll.ec y06AHqaBalba jyrocAoBeHcKe Ha,a;Hall.Hje 6HO
je rrOCAe.ll.Hll.a BHIIIeBeKOBHor paCTaKalba .Il.peBHOr cprrcKor pO.ll.a H y06­
AHqaBalba HOBHX HapO.ll.a H3 lheroBor cTa6Aa. BaLKHY yAOry je HrpaAO Hr­
HopHcalbe .Il.peBHoCTH Cp6a H orrHCHBalhe cprrcKe eTHoreHe3e CTarralheM
pa3HOp0./l.HHX rrAeMeHa, rro yrAe.ll.Y Ha HaCTaHaK 3arra,a;HoeBporrcKHX Ha­
ll.Hja rrOCAe pacrra.ll.a PHMcKor ll.apCTBa. JyrocAoBeHcKa H.Il.eja je y TOMe
6HAa caMO Cpe.ll.CTBO 3a y6p3aBalhe rrpOll.eca, Kao H cTapHjH I1aHcAaBH­
3aM H I1AHPCKH rrOKpeT. HOBe Hall.Hje cy HaCTajaAe Ha BepcKoj OCHOBH,
Ha OCHOBY HeKHX AOKaAHHX KapaKTepHCTHKa H HapOqHTO MHoro Ha OC­
HOBY rrOAHTHqKHX rrporpaMa, y cymTHHH YCMepeHHX Ka 3aTHpalbY Cp6a.
BpOjHH "BHIIIH ll.HlbeBH" cy y.ll.a&HAH cprrCKe HCTOpnqape, rrOAH­
THqape H HOCHOll.e Hall.HOHaAHOr H KYATypHor H.Il.eHTHTeTa O.ll. YOqaBalha
OBor rrp06AeMa. Pe3YATaT je YCAe.ll.HO TOKOM XX BeKa, Ka,a;a je cprrCKH
HapO.ll. H3AOLKeH BHmeCTpYKHM reHOll.H.Il.HMa, y KOMe cy BO.ll.ehy yAOry
O.ll.HrpaAH O.ll.potleHH .Il.eAOBH cprrCKe Hall.Hje. I1CTopHjcKa HaYKa KO.ll. Cp­
6a HHje TOKOM rrpOTeKAa .Il.Ba BeKa O.ll.HrpaAa CBOjy rrpHpO.ll.Hy YAOry, rra
ce qaK MOLKe CMaTpaTH H 036HlbHHM KpHBll.eM IIITO MHorH YOqlbHBH rrpo­
ll.eCH HHCY rrpaBHAHO CarAe.ll.aHH H HHje CTBopeHa OCHOBa .Il.a 6y.ll.Y crrpe­
qeHe KacHHje TparHqHe rrOCAe.ll.Hll.e.
BaLKHO .Il.eAO 3a cprrcKY HCTOPHjy - "Kpa&eBCTBO CAOBeHa" MaBpa
Op6HHHja HHje .Il.06HAO o.ll.roBapajyhy yAory KO.ll. cprrCKHX HCTOpHqapa,
aAH cy 3aTO HCTOpHqapH HOBHX Hall.Hja MaKCHMaAHO KOPHCTHAH CBaKH
rrO.ll.aTaK KOjH 6H 6HO rroro.ll.aH 3a y06AHqaBalbe HeKe cBoje oc06eHOCTH H
HCTHll.albe HeKaKBe caMocBojHOCTH. CprrCKH HCTOpHqapH cy CBe TO hYT­
Ke rrpHXBaTaAH, a IIITO je jom rope - MHorH cy HCrrOlbaBaAH BeAHKY MaIII­

4 5
TOBHTOCT Y nOTnOMaraIbY TaKBe MeTo,n:OAOI'Hje. 36nI' Tora je AaKO npeOB­
Aa,n:aAa KOHCTpYKIl.Hja 0 ,n:ocelbaBaIbY HeKaKBHX aMopq,HHX Cp6a Ha ,n:a­
HaIIIlbe npOCTope Y VII BeKY, 0 HHIIITaBHOCTH ,n:peBHe cpnCKe HCTopHje, 0
npHMaIby XpHIllhaHCTBa H onHCMelbaBalbY nOCAe CBHX 3Ha'IajHHx eB­
ponCKHX Hapo,n:a H 0 nOTpe6H ,n:a ce HeKaKBa .n;yXOBHa CBeTAOCT TpruKH y
Mo,n:epHoj EBponH y3 MHOI'O caMOnOHH:lKaBalba.
"KpalbeBCTBO CAOBeHa" MaBpa Op6HHHja je 6HAO ,n:eAO Koje je
CMeTaAO TaKBOM Il.HlbHOM paCTaKalbY CpnCKOI' Hapo,n:a, y06AH'IaBaIbY HO­
BHX HaIl.Hja H TepHTopHjaAHHM npeTeH3HjaMa cnOlbHHX Il.eHTapa MohH.
3601' TOI'a HHje HH npeBobeHo Ha cpncKH je3HK, a H Ka,n:a je npeBe,n:eHo y
nepHO.n;y COIl.HjaAHCTH'IKe JyrocAaBHje, yqHlbeHo je TO CaMO 3a MHOI'O
Malbe 6HTHHjy,n:pyry nOAoBHay, a CYIIITHHCKH ,n:eo ,n:eAa je nOTnyHO OMa­
AOBa2KeH H onHcaH KpaTKHM npHKa30M, yo6AH'IeHHM Kao Ha6pajalbe H
HCTHIl.albe HeKaKBHX 6eCMHCAHIl.a.
npe,n: cpnCKHM 'IHTaOIl.HMa ce Haj3a,n: nojaBlbyje KOMnAeTHO Op­
6HHHjeBo ,n:eAO Ha cpnCKOM je3HKY' qHTaAaIl. he ce AaKO yBepHTH ,n:a je
OHO BpAO CTy,n:H03HO, 3aCHOBaHO Ha 'IHIbeHHIl.aMa H3 HajIl.elbeHHjHx HC­
TOPHjCKHX CTy,n:Hja n03HaTHX y Op6HHHjeBo BpeMe, aAH H ,n:a OIl.pTaBa
caCBHM ,n:pyra'IHjy CAHKY ,n:peBHe HCTopHje Cp6a H ,n:pyI'HX CAOBeHa, Hero
IIITO TO onHcyjy ,n:aHaIlllbH 3BaHH'IHH HCTOpH'IapH. CBH OHH, KOjH cy
TOKOM nOCAe,n:lbHX 20-30 ro,n:HHa OTBOPHAH yM npeMa HOBHM ca3HalbHMa
H3 BeAHKOI' 6poja HaYKa H npeMa ,n:aHac AaKO ,n:ocrynHHM CTapHM HCTO­
PHjCKHM H3BopHMa, AaKO he ce yBepHTH ,n:a je Op6HHHjeBa HCTopHja y
BeAHKoj Me pH o,n:p)KHBa H y CBeTAY THX HOBHX 'IHIbeHHIl.a.
)laHac Cp6H )KHBe nOHOBO no,n:elbeHH H3Meby HeKOAHKO ,n:p)KaBa
H Kp03 3anepKe HOBOHaCTaAHX Hapo,n:a, y3 BeAHKO onTepehelbe TparH'I­
HHM HCTOPHjCKHM 36HBalbHMa TOKOM npOTeKAOr nepHo,n:a .n;yror 'IHTaB
BeK. I1naK, npHpo,n:HO 3aje,n:HHIIITBO HHKO He MO)Ke ,n:a HerHpa, MaKap TO
HeI'Hpalbe 6HAO CYIIITHHCKa OCHOBa 3a H,n:eHTHTeT HeKHX o,n: ,n:aHaIlllbHX
3anepaKa CpnCKOI' po,n:a. l1,n:eHTHTeT THX 3anepaKa je OHOAHKO jaK H HMa
IllaHce 3a onCTaHaK, KOAHKO je jaKa npHna,n:HocT IIIHpeM cpncKo¥,po.n;y
H TO ce He MO)Ke npeBa3HhH cBojaTalbeM HeKHX 0,n:a6paHHX KapaKTepHC­
THKa H npOI'AalliaBalbeM caMO CBOjHM (MaKap TO npH3HaAH H no,n:p)KaBa­
AH cpnCKH HHTeAeKTYaAIl.H H HHCTHryIl.Hje).
BOlbe pa3YMeBalbe conCTBeHe HCTopHje H Tpa,n:HIl.Hje np~a CBa­
KOM Hapo.n;y OCHOB 3a 60lbe CHaAa2Kelbe y Mo,n:epHoM cBery, y KOMe ce
no,n: OKpHlbeM rA06aAH3aIl.Hje H HaBo,n:He ,n:eMOKpaTH3aI.I.Hje CHCTeMaTCKH
nOHHIIITaBa H,n:eHTHTeT Beher ,n:eAa CBeTa, npBeHCTBeHO xpHIllhaHCKOI'.
Cp6H cna,n:ajy y MaAH 6poj Hapo,n:a y ,n:aHallilbeM cBery ca jaKHM OCHOBa­
Ma 3a oqyBaIbe H,n:eHTHTeTa H 3aY3HMaIbe noce5He YAore y cBeTy, jep
HMajy MohHO cpe,n:CTBO 3a CaMOo,n:p)Kalbe CBOj je3HK, hHPHAHll..Y, npa­
BOCAaBlbe H BeAH'IaHCTBeay HCTOpHjy H yKopelbeay Hapo,n:ay Tpa,n:HIl.Hjy.
Ty MoryhHOCT HMajy H CBH 3anepIl.H CpnCKOI' po,n:a y MepH KOAHKO 6y.n;y
cnpeMHH ,n:a npHxBaTe yAOry TaKBHX 3anepaKa 6e3 CaMOnOHHIIITaBaIba.
Op6HHHjeBa HCTopHja y KOMnAeTHOM 06AHKY np~a 'IHTaoll..Y OCHOB 3a
60lbe pa3YMeBalbe CTape cpnCKe HCTopHje H 3a AaKIlle YO'IaBalbe KopeHa
MHorHX npo6AeMa y caBpeMeHOM cBeTy.
6 7
.llparollty6 n. AHTHh
PEAAHA .llHMEH3HJA
KPAlbEBCTBA CAOBEHA MABPA OPBHHHJA
nOCAe 415 ro,n:HHa o,n: lbeHor 06jaBlbHBalba y ne3apy 1601. ro,n:H­
He Ha HTaAHjaHcKoM je3HKY 1, npBa HCTopHja CAOBeHa "KpalbeBCTBa CAO­
BeHa" )ly5pOB'IaHHHa MaBpa Op6HHHja ,n:OAa3H npe,n: cpnCKor 'IHTaOIl.a y
KOMnAeTHOM 06AHKY. CKpaheHH npeBO,n: OBOI' ,n:eAa Ha PYCKH, Ca'IHIbeH
o,n: ,n:pyror )ly6pOB'IaHHHa I'poq,a CaBe Pary3HHcKor H 06jaBlbeH 1722.
ro,n:HHe y CaHKT neTep6ypry2 5HO je Ha pacnoAaraIbY CAOBeHCKHX HC­
TOpH'Iapa y BpeMe CKAanaIba ,n:aHac Ba2Kehe CAHKe 0 HCTOPHjH EBpone H
Mecry CAOBeHCKHX Hapo,n:a y lbOj, aAH HHje MHOro nOMOI'ao,n:a ce H36eI'He
npeOBAa,n:aBaIbe HHIIITaBHe YAore CAOBeHa y CAHIl.H ,n:peBHor H Cpe.ll:lbO­
BeKOBHOI' CBeTa. Y CBeTAY Ta,n:a HenpHKOCHOBeHHX nOI'Ae,n:a Ha HCTOPHjy
jyrocAoBeHCKor npOCTopa, nOAOBH'IHH npeBO,n: Ha cpncKo-xpBaTcKH, 05­
jaBlbeH y Beorpa.n;y 1968. ro,n:HHe 3, ca,n:p)Kao je CaMO ,n:pyry nOAoBHay
Op6HHHjeBOI' ,n:eAa. Ha Taj Ha'IHH je 'IHTaAaIl. YCKpaheH 3a npBH ,n:eo
KIbHI'e, O,n:HOCHO, nOlliTebeH je "3aMOPHOI' 'IHTalba OBOI' norAaBlba", KaKO
TO 'IAaHOBH pe,n:aKIl.Hje OBor H3,n:alba HCTH'Iy y KpaTKoj yBO,n:HOj Hano­
MeHH. KOMIlAeTHO ,n:eAO 06jaBlbeHo je TeK y xpBaTcKoj Bep3HjH y 3arpe6y
1999. ro,n:HHe 4. npeBo,n: KOMnAeTHor ,n:eAa Ha PYCKH 06jaBlbeH je 2009.
ro,n:HHe, a Beh 2010. ro,n:HHe YCAe,n:HAo roTOBO H,n:eHTH'IHO ,n:pyro H3,n:albe
(KopHIllheHo npHAHKOM npHnpeMe TeKCTa OBor H3,n:alba Ha cpnCKOM
je3HKY)5. Y MebyBpeMeHY ce 2015. ro,n:HHe jaBlba H3,n:albe Ha 5yrapcKoM
"KpalbeBCTBO CAoBeHa" MaBpa Op5HHHja cna,n:a y jaKO KopHIllhe­
He HCTopHjcKe H3Bope, na HnaK cy MHore lberoBe TBp,n:lbe KopHIllheHe
BpAO ceAeKTHBHO - je,n:He y3 nOlliTOBalbe OBor ,n:eAa H n03HBalbe Ha lbera,
a ,n:pyre Kao POMaHTH'IapCKe KOHCTpYKIl.Hje 5e3 HCTopHjcKe Bpe,n:HOCTH.
Ha jyroCAOBeHCKHM npOCTopHMa cy no npaBHAy apryMeHTH y KOPHCT
,n:peBHOCTH cpnCKe HCTopHje CBpCTaBaHH y OBY ,n:pyry I'pyny, ,n:OK cy CBe
CneIl.Hq,H'IHOCTH H apryMeHTH 3a HCTOpHjy ,n:pyrHX Hapo,n:a H KpajeBa 6e3
1 Don Mavro Orbini: "Il regno de gli Slavi", Pesaro, 1601.
2 KHlITa HCTopHorpaqm.SI noy.aTH.SI HMeHH, CJIaBbI H pa3111HpeHH.SI HapO)l,a CJIaBlIHCKoro.
Co6paHa H3 MHOrHX KHHr HCTOpHy.ecKHx, y.epe3 rOCnO)l,HHa Mapoyp6HHa APXH­
MaH.D,pHTa Par)')KcKoro. fJepeBe)l,eHa C HTaJlblIHCKoro Ha pOCCHil:cKHH lI3bIK II
HaneqaTaHa... B CaHKT-neTep6yprcKoH THnorpaqmH, 1722, aBrycTa B 20 )l,eHh
MaBpo Op6HHII: "KpaJheBCTBO CJIOBeHa ", CpncKa KlbU.JlCe6Ha 3adpyza, lieorpa)l"
1968.
4 Mavro Orbini: "Kraljevstvo Slavena", Golden Marketing i Narodne novine, Zagreb,
1999.
Maypo Op6HHH: "CJIaBlIHCKoe QapcTBo ", BTopoe 113)l,aHHe, OflMa Meoua rpynn,
MOCKBa, 2010.
pe3epBe cBpCTaBaHIi y npBy rpyny. l.JIiTaAaIJ; ce Ii3 OBor Ii3,n;affia KOM­
nAeTHor Op6IiHIijeBor ,n;eAa MO)Ke AaKO onpe,n;eAIiTIi y Be3Ii ca TIiM ,n;Ii­
AeMaMa, y3 ynYlliTaffie Y nOMeHYTo "3aMopHo 'IIiTaffie", HajBepoBaTHIije
y3 3aKIbyqaK ,n;a je Taj ,,3aMop" IiMao nyHo CMIiCAa, na je TO Ii 5IiO IJ;IiIb
npIinpeMe OBor Ii3,n;affia.
.llpyrIi IJ;IiIb OBor Ii3,n;affia 5IiO je Ii je,n;HOCTaBHO yrBpl)IiBaffie Me­
CTa Op5IiHIijeBor "KpaIheBCTBO CAOBeHa" Mel)y CTy,n;IijaMa Te BpCTe Tora
BpeMeHa. HaMeTHYAa ce Ii je,n;HOCTaBHa AorIiKa ,n;a CHMa apryMeHaTa
Ii3Bopa Ha KojIiMa je 3aCHOBaHa Op6IiHIijeBa CTy,n;Iija Mopa 6IiTIi Tpe­
TIipaHa Ha IiCTIi Ha'IIiH KaKO cy TIi Ii3BOpIi TpeTIipaHIi npIiAIiKOM Ii3pa­
,n;e cTy,n;Iija ,n;pyrIix eBponCKIiX Hapo,n;a. I1peIJ;Ii3HIije pe'IeHO, aKO ce HeKIi
Y3ajaMHo carAaCHIi Ii3BOpIi cMaTpajy nOY3,n;aHIiM Ii3BopIiMa 3a IiCTOPIijy
HeKIiX Hapo,n;a, HeMa HIiKaKBor pa3Aora ,n;a 5y,n;y OMaAOBa2KaBaRIi y ,n;e­
AOBIiMa KOjIi ce o,n;Hoce Ha IiCTOPIijy ,n;pyrIiX Hapo,n;a.
BHorpacllHja MaBpa Op6HHHja
.lIy6pOB'Iamm MaBpo Op6IiHIi, MOHax 5eHe,n;IiKTaRCKOr pe,n;a Ii
nIiCaIJ; npBe BeAIiKe IicTopIije CAOBeHa, n03HaT je no,n; OBIiM IiTaAIi3Iipa­
HIiM IiMeHoM, ,n;OK My je npaBa (.ny5pOBa'IKa) Bep3Iija IiMeHa 6IiAa MaBap
Op6IiH. Moryne je ,n;a My je OBO 5IiAO MOHalliKO IiMe, jep 6Ii npeMa je,n;Hoj
o,n; ,n;Be nocrojene onIJ;Hje ffieroBor nopo,n;Ii'IHOr nopeKAa 6IiO pol)eH Kao
<ppaHO, ,n;pyrIi CIiH BIiIJ;Ka Op5IiHa, HajBepoBaTHIije 1563. ro,n;IiHe 6 • Ha­
)KaAOCT, HIi HajIiCIJ;pnHIijIi .ny5pOBa'IKIi 6IiorpacpIi HIiCY 0 ffieMY OCTa­
BIiAIi ,n;OBOIbHO no,n;aTaKa.
I103HaTo je je,n;IiHo ,n;a je npBIi Op5IiH KojIi je y .lIy6pOBHIiKY 3ac­
HOBao nopo,n;HIIy 6IiO BIiIJ;KO HIiKOAIiH Op6IiH, KOjIi je y .lIy5pOBHIiK ,n;o­
IlIao Ii3 KOTopa, Her,n;e ne,n;eceTIiX ro,n;IiHa XVI BeKa7. Be36pojHIi ,n;OKy­
MeHTIi KOjIi cy 0 ffieMY Ca'IYBaHIi 6eAe)Ke ffieroBo npe3IiMe Ha pa3He Ha­
'IIiHe(Orbini, de Orbino, Urbini, de Urbinis, Urbino, Urbinus) Ii ,n;y{'o He
nponyIlITajy ,n;a Ha3Ha'Ie ffieroBo KOTOPCKO nopeKAo. YrAaBHOM nocToje
,n;Be OnIJ;Iije MaBpOBor Cpo,n;CTBa ca ffiIiM - no je,n;Hoj Bep3IijIi OH je ffierOB
CIiH, a no ,n;pyroj 6paT. 350r Tora ce yrAaBHoM CMaTpa ,n;a je pol)eH cpe­
,n;IiHOM XVI BeKa.
YKOAIiKO je BIiIJ;KO Op6IiH 6IiO ffieroB OTaIJ;, y BIiIJ;KOBOM 6paK.Y ca
I1epoM, KnepKoM <ppaHa Pa,n;oBor, )KeHOM CKpoMHor nopeKAa, HIije MO­
rao 6IiTIi pol)eH npe 1563. ro,n;IiHe Ii y TOM cAyqajy je BepOBaTHO KpIlITeH
HMeHOM <ppaHO npeMa ,n;e,n;Ii no MajIJ;Ii8. OBOj Bep3HjIi IiCTOpIi'IapIi ,n;ajy
npe,n;HOCT, Ma,n;a 5H TO 3Ha'IIiAO ,n;a je Ba2KHe .ny)KHOCTIi y onaTIijIi npe­
Y3eo npe 30. ro,n;IiHe )KIiBOTa Ii ,n;a je cBoje ,n;eAO "KpaIheBCTBO CAoBeHa"
6 MlfpocnaB I1aHTMn: "MaBpo Op6IIH )KMBOT Mpa)l,", npc21roBop KIhM3M MaBpo Op61f­
HM: "KPaJbCBCTBO CnoBcHa ", c. XI-CVIlI, CpncKa KlnU.JlCe({l/a 3aopyza, lieorpa)l"
1968.
MCTO.
8 H. Pa)l,oj'mn: "CpncKa MCTopMja MaBpa Op6MHl1ja", lieorpa):l 1950.
8 9
Harm:cao ca 35-38 ro,n;IiHa, IlITO HIije HeMoryne, aAIi Ii He ,n;eAyje 5allI
MHOro BepOBaTHO.
Kao BIiIJ;KOB 5paT, KOjIi ce 3aje,n;HO ca ffiIiM npeceAIiO y.lIy5pOB­
HIiK Ii3 KOTopa, MaBpo Op5IiH 5Ii CIiryPHO 5IiO OKO 15 ro,n;IiHa CTapIijIi
(HajBepoBaTHIije pol)eH OKO 1540. ro,n;IiHe) Ii TO ,n;eAyje peaAHIije Kao CTa­
pOCT ayropa OBor 05IiMHor ,n;eAa, Koje ce OCAaffia Ha 05IiMHy AIiTepaTypy .
I1peMa nIicaffiY ,n;OMIiHIiKaHIJ;a CepacpIiHa MapIije UpIijeBIina-UepBa9,
nIiTaH>e nopeKAa MaBpa Op6IiHIija BIiIlIe o,n;roBapa OBOj ,n;pyroj OnIJ;IijIi,
jep npeMa UpIijeBIiny MajKa MaBpa Op5IiHIija nOTIi'·le Ii3 nopo,n;IiIJ;e
<PAOPIiO, Ii3 Koje je, MaBpOB yjaK IIlIiMYH <PAOPIiO, 'IYBeHIi paTHIiK, KOjIi
je CBOjIiM paTHIiM no,n;BIi3IiMa y <ppaHIIyCKoj CTeKao TIiTyAy "BojBo,n;e o,n;
AAeHCOHa" Ii 'IIija paTHIf'lKa ,n;eAa je oneBao Ii .ny5pOBa'lKIi AeKap Ii
neCHIiK nopTyraACKOr nopeKAa .llH,n;aK I1IiP (l1caHja KoeH). OBY TBp,n;H>y
o yjaKY IIlIiMOHY Ii3HOCIi Ii caM MaBpo Op5IiHIi Ha 197. CTpaHIiIJ;Ii "Kpa­
IbeBCTBa CAoBeHa". Ha3IiBaffie IIlIiMYHa <PAopIia IiTaAIijaHcKIiM Ii3pa30M
KOjIi MO)Ke 3Ha'lIiTIi yjaK, aAIi Ii ,n;pyra'IIije CPO,n;CTBO, oTBapa MorynHoCT
05ejy TeopIija 0 CpO,n;CTBy MaBpa Op5IiHa ca BIiIJ;KOM. Y CBaKOM cAyqajy,
BpAO je He06Ii'IHO ,n;a .ny5pOBa'IKIi XpOHIi'lapIi HIiCY ,n;eTaIhHIije OnIiCaAIi
ffieroBY 5IiorpacpIijy.
MaBpo ce y MAa,n;OCTIi 3aMOHaIlIIiO, npIicTynIiBIlIIi 5eHe,n;IiKTaH­
IJ;IiMa y onaTIijIi CB. MapIije Ha MIbeTy, 0 'IeMY caM ITI1IlIe y "KpaIheBCTBY
CAOBeHa" Ha 200. CTpaHIiIJ;Ii 0pIirIiHaAHOr Ii3,n;affia 1o. 3a5eAe)KeHO je ,n;a
je MOHax MaBpo Op5IiHIi 5IiO 1592. ro,n;IiHe npIiop MaHacTIipa CB. AH­
,n;pIija Ha IiCTOIiMeHOM OCTpBIJ;eTy, a y TOM IiCTOM MaHaCTIipy cy npe H>e­
ra caMOTTffia'IKIi )KIiBeAIi yqeHIi .ny5pOBa'IKIi nIiCIJ;Ii Ii HayqHIiIJ;Ii Ay,n;o­
BIiK UpIijeBIin Ty6epoH (1459. - 1527) Ii MaBpo BeTpaHoBIin qas'IIin
(1482. - 1576). TaKol)e je 3a6eAe)KeHO ,n;a cy 1593. ro,n;IiHe MOHaCIi Ma­
HaCTIipa CB. MIiXOBIiAa ApxaHl)eAa y I1aKIbeHoM Ha OCTPBY IIlIinaH 5Ii­
pajy MaBpa Op6IiHa 3a onaTa. .llaIha Op6IiHIijeBa 6IiorpacpIija HIije MHO­
ro jacHa Ii yrAaBHoM ce H>eroBo IiMe cnOMIiffie y 3anIiCIiMa 0 pa3AIi'IIiTIiM
HecyrAaCIiIJ;aMa yHyTap MIbeTCKe 5eHe,n;IiKTaHCKe KOHrperaIJ;Iije. CYK05
Ii3Mel)y MaBpa Op6IiHIija Ii onaTa MaHaCTIipa CB. JaKoB Ii3 BIiIlIffiIiIJ;e Ii
npe,n;CTojHIiKa MIbeTCKe 5eHe,n;IiKTaHCKe KOHrperaIJ;Hje I1BaRa OpcaTa
1)ypl)eBIina Tpaje 1596. Ii 1597. ro,n;IiHe, a nana KAeMeHT VIII nOCTaBIba
MaBpa Op5IiHa 1597. ro,n;IiHe 3a onaTa 5eHe,n;IiKTaHCKe onaTIije CB.
MapIije y Ba'IKOM BOjBO,n;CTBY, Koje je Ta,n;a 5IiAO no,n; TypCKOM BAalliny.
TaKol)e ce 3Ha,n;a Op6IiHIi 50pasIi y AeTO 1599. ro,n;IiHe y I1e3apy. 3Ha ce
,n;a je y cenTeM6py 1601. ro,n;IiHe 5IiO onaT MaHaCTIipa CB. MIiXOBIiAa y
II aKIbeHOj, Kao Ii ,n;a je 1604. ro,n;IiHe 5IiO y MaHacTIipy CB. JaKoBa y
BIiIlIffiIiIJ;Ii KO,n; .lIy5poBHIiKa, o,n;aKAe je npeMelliTeH y MaRaCTIip CB. MIi­
XOBIiAa Ha IIlIinaHY. Hape,n;HIiX ro,n;IiHa, CBe ,n;o CMpTIi 30. HOBeM5pa
1610. ro,n;IiHe (HIije jacHo ,n;a AIi je yMpO y.lIy5POBHIiKY), MaBpo Op5IiHIi
KpaTKoTpajHo 50paBIi y BIiIlIe MaHaCTIipa, aAIi Ii3 nocTojenIix 3anIica ce
9 S. M. Crijevic: "Bibliotheca Ragusina", sv. II-III, s. 447.
1() Frartio Sunjck: "Povijesni pogledi Mavra Orbinija", uvodna studija za knjigu Mavro
Orbini: "Kraljcvstvo Slavcna", s. 7-54, Golden Marketing i Narodne no vine, Za­
grcb,1999.
BHJ{H J{a HMa H 3Ha'lajaH cTaryc y ,lJy6pOBa'lKoj PenyOAHU;H. To ce Ha­
PO'lHTO OJ{HOCH Ha lherOBe aKTHBHOCTH 1608. roJ{HHe, Ka.na yqeCTByje y
pa3pelliaBalhY nOAHTH'lKHX npo6AeMa HaCTaAHX 360r nOKYIIIaja J{a ce
,lJy6pOBa'lKa Peny6AHKa YByqe y paTHH KOHCPAHKT ca TYPCKOM.
"Kp8.l.lteBCTBO CAoBeBa" MaBpa Op6BBBja
"KpaIbeBCTBO CAOBeHa" MaBpa Op6HHHja IIITaMnaHO je y ne3apy
1601. roJ{HHe, KOJ{ H3J{aBa'la 1)Hp0AaMa KOHKopJ{Hje, nOJ{ nYHHM HaCAO­
BOM: "KpaIbeBCTBO CAoBeHa, J{aHac HCKBapeHo 3BaHHX CEjaBoHH HCTO­
pHja J{OH MaBpa Op6HHHja ,lJy6pOB'lamma onaTa MlheTCKor, H3 Koje ce
BHJ{H nopeKAO roTOBO CBHX OHHX HapOJ{a KOjH 6exy je3HKa CAOBeHCKora,
y3 MHora H pa3AH'lHTa lhHXOBa paTOBalha y EBponH, A3HjH H AcppHU;H,
pa3Boj lhHXOBa u;apCTBa, CTapOJ{peBHa BepOBalha H pa3J{o6lhe lhHXOBor
npeo6panelha y xpHIIInaHCTBO, a Ha Kpajy cy H3AOJKeHH ycnecH KpaIbeBa
KOjH cy BAaJl:aAH y,llaAMaU;HjH, XpBaTcKoj, BOCHH, Cp6HjH, PalilKoj H By­
rapcKoj" (II Regno de gli Slavi hOggi corrottamente detti Schiavoni /
historia di Don Mavro Orbini Rauseo abbate melitense, nella quale si
vede l'origine quasi di tutti i popoli, che furono della lingua slava con
molte, & varie guerre, che fecere in Europa, Asia, & Africa, il progresso
dell'imperio loro, l'antico culto, & i1 tempo della loro conversione al
Christianesimo, e in particolare veggonsi i successi de're, che antica­
mente dominarono in Dalmatia, Croatia, Bosna, Servia, Rassia, & Bul­
garia). Kpana Bep3Hja HMeHa je yo6H'lajeHa: n Regno De Oli Slavi Hoggi
Corrottamente Detti Schiavoni, aAH ce yrAaBHoM U;HTHpa Kao: Don Mavro
Orbini: "Il regno de gli Slavi", Pesaro, 1601.
"KpaIbeBCTBO CAoBeHa" Ca.nPJKH TpH u;eAHHe. Y npBoM J{eAY ce
roBoPH yonIIITeHo 0 CAoBeHHMa nO'leB OJ{ HajCTapHjHX BpeMeHa (no3Hor
CTapor BeKa) H H3Meoy OCTaAOr, 0 lhHXOBOj npanoCToj6HHH CKaHJ{HHa­
BHjH. ,llpyrH J{eo npeJ{CTaBlha npeBoJ{ Ha HTaAHjaHCKH ilemonuca nona
J(Y1C1bal-iul-ia, KOjH je MaBpo Op6HHH CXBaTHO Kao HCTOPHjy CpI'iCKe
J{pJKaBe npeJ{HeMalhHnKor nepHoJ{a. TpenH J{eo rOBopH 0 OCTaAHM 3eM­
lhaMa (BocHa, XYM, XpBaTcKa, ByrapcKa) H lhHXOBHM BAa.napCKHM KY­
naMa, ca reHeaAOrHjoM CBaKe OJ{ lhHX.
Op6HHHjeBo J{eAO je HaCTaAO y3 nOTnopy MapHHa Bo6aIbeBHna,
yrAeJ{Hor .ny6pOBa'lKOr IIAeMHna H npHna.nHHKa 'lYBeHe nopOJ{Hu;e, 'lHjy
nOMon H oco6HHe BeAH'la y YBOJ{HOM o6panalhy. Ta nOMon je 6HAa Be­
AHKa, jep je 06YXBaTaAa TpOlliKOBe nyTOBalha y HTaAHjy PaJJ:H npHKYn­
lhalha nOJ{aTaKa H IIITaMny ca BpAO KBaAHTeTHOM TeXHH'lKOM onpeMOM,
y3 HAYCTpau;Hje, Koje je y 6aKpOpe3y H3pa.nHO Hen03HaTH YMeTHHK.
Y CBOMe YBo.ny, MaBpo Op6HHH HCTH'le J{a je y HeKOAHKO HaBpa­
Ta 06HAa3HO HTaAHjy, J{a 6H y 6H6AHOTeKaMa C~II1hao nOJ{aTKe, KaO H
J{a je CTYJ{Hjy KOHa'lHO y06AH'lHO nOlliTO je OJ{ 1599. roJ{HHe npHKYnHo
HajBenH 6poj H3Bopa y BeOMa 6oraToj 6H6AHoTeU;H BojBoJ{e <l>paH'leCKa
MapHje II ,lleAa POBepe OJ{ Yp6HHa y ne3apy. Ta 6H6AHoTeKa ce J{aHac y
HajBeneM J{eAY HaAa3H y BaTHKaHcKoj 6H6AHOTU;H. Op6HHH HCTH'le J{a je
OHa 6HAa "Haj6oraTHja H HajAeliine onpeMlheHa H3Meoy CBHX J{pyrHX''',
10
3axBaIbyjynH CTapalhy H orpoMHoM Tpy.ny caMora BojBOJ{e. Y lhOj cy ce
'lyBaAH KOJ{eKCH, peTKH H 'lYBeHH no Ca.np:lKl:lHH H AenOTH. Ty je MaBpo
Op6HHH BHJ{eo H HMao y pYKaMa BenHHY KlhHra Koje je YHeo y .nyrH
cnHcaKa, KOjH je no 06H'lajy ayTopa CTaBHO Ha nO'leTaK cryJ{Hje.
"KpaIbeBCTBO CAoBeHa" je HaCTaAO je Ha TeMelhHMa BeAHKor
6poja H3Bopa (OKO 280 ayTopa HaBeJ{eHHX y Op6HHHjeBoj AHCTH, aAH H3
TeKCTa ce jacHo BHJ{H J{a je KOPHCTHO J{eAa jOlli HajMalhe 20-30 ayTOpa).
Op6HHH rpa.nH cBoje npHnoBeJ{alhe Ha OCHOBY 6pOjHHX aHTH'lKHX H
cpeJ{lhoBeKoBHHx J{eAa H CTYJ{Hja HCTOpH'lapa lheMY 6AHCKHjHX BpeMeHa.
To je 'lHlheHHu;a KOjy HH KpHTH'lapH lheroBor npHCTyna He MOry J{a
3aHeMape. KOMIIAeTaH TeKCT je 06pa,t,eH y CKAa.ny ca Ta.nallilhOM "MOJ{OM"
o6pa.ne HCTOPHjCKHX CTYJ{Hja y npHnOBeJ{a'lKoj CPOPMH, aAH ca H3HO­
IIIelheM 'lHlheHHu;a ca n03HBOM Ha H3BOP H3 Kora nOTHqy. BpAO cy'leCTH
J{eTaIbHH U;HTaTH H3 KopHIIIneHe AHTepaType. naJRlhHBH aHaAHTH'lapH cy
yO'lHAH J{a nocTojH BHIIIe onHca npey3eTHx H3 H3Bopa 6e3 HaBoOelha.
Be3 063Hpa Ha TO, MOJKe ce caCBHM nOY3J{aHO CMaTpaTH J{a cy
Op6HHHjeBH onHCH 3aCHOBaHH Ha H3BopHMa H J{a HHCy pe3yATaT lhero­
BHX npOH3BOlhHHX KOHCTpYKlJ;Hja. YBHJ{OM y KlhyqHe H3Bope, AaKO ce
YTBpoyje J{a y THM H3BopHMa CTBapHO nOCTOje HaBeJ{eHe 'lHlheHHu;e, Tj.
J{a Op6HHH HHje H3MHCAHO CBe Te He6pojeHe J{oraOaje. HHje H3MHCAHO
HH CPOJ{CTBO MeOY HapOJ{HMa H IIAeMeHHMa Koje HaBOJ{H. HnaK, HelliTO
jecTe ypa.nHO: CBe Te HapOJ{e je o6jeJ{HHHO nOJ{ CAOBeHCKHM HMeHOM.
nOCMaTpaHO ca rAeJ{HIIITa BpeMeHa y KOMe je J{eAO HaCTaAO, HHje Op6H­
HH Y TOMe npeBHIIIe OJ{CTynHO OJ{ BHIIIe J{pyrHx KaTOAH'lKHX MOHaxa HC­
TOpH'lapa XV BeKa, jep je OH HanpaBHO caMO KpaTaK H360p 'lHlheHHu;a,
KojHMa cy 6HAe npenyHe Te CTYJ{Hje, yrAaBHoM CBe 3aCHOBaHe Ha CTapH­
jHM H3BopHMa, Koje HHCY J{OBooeHe y nHTalhe (HH Ta.na, HH KacHHje).
Y noce6HOM OJ{elhKY Ha Kpajy OBe YBOJ{He CTYJl:Hje 6Hne npHKa­
3aHa Op6HHHjeBa OpHrHHaAHa AHCTa ayTopa KopHIIIneHHX HCTOPHjCKHX
H3Bopa, J{OnylheHa HeKHM 6AHJKHM nOJ{aU;HMa. ,llaHac cy TaKEH nOJ{aU;H,
Kao H BenHHa KOMIIAeTHHX U;HTHpaHHX J{eAa, AaKO J{OCTynHH Ha I1l-imep­
I-iemy, IIITO HHje 6HO CAyqaj Y BpeMe paHHjHx aHaAH3a HCTOpH'lapa. qH­
TaAaU; J{aHac MOJKe BpAO AaKO J{a H caM CTeKHe YBHJl: y o36HlhHOCT Op­
6HHHjeBor HayqHor MeTOJ{a H Ha 6pojHe Y3ajaMHO carAaCHe H u;elheHe
H3Bope Koje je KOPHCTHO, aAH H Ha BeOMa 6AeJ{e apryMeHTe HOBHjHX HC­
TOpH'lapa, KOjH cy nOKYlliaBaAH J{a YMalhe BpeJ{HOCT lherOBor J{eAa H J{a
pa3AH'lHTHM apIIIHHHMa OJ{MepaBajy Op6HHHjeBe TeKCTOBe 3a TYMa'lelhe
HCTopHje Cp6a H J{pyrHx jYJKHOCAOBeHCKHX HapOJ{a.
H3 YBOJ{HHX CTpaHHu;a Op6HHHjeBor J{eAa ja caCBHM jacHo J{a je
MaTepHjaA caKYII1haH H J{a je J{eAO o6jaBlheHO y3 6AarocAoB BaTHKaHa (Ha
HacAoBHoj CTpaHHU;H je Ha J{HY jacHo HCTaKHyTO con lizenza de'Superi­
on). BHJ{eneMo y HapeJ{HOM J{eAY OBe CTYJ{Hje J{a je BpAO BepOBaTHO J{a je
lherOB 3a.naTaK npeJ{CTaBlhao jeJ{aH OJ{ BHIIIe CAH'lHHX, KOJ{ KOjHX cy
pHMOKaTOAH'lKH MOHaCH HCTOpH'lapH 06paOHBaAH HCTOPHjy CAOBeHCKHX
IIAeMeHa H J{pJKaBa. na HnaK, Op6HHHjeBa HCTopHja je Ben 1603. roJ{H­
He, caMO J{Be roJ{HHe no o6jaBlhHBalhY J{ocneAa Ha Index Librorum Prohi­
bitorum, y3 HanoMeHY J{a TO Ba:lKl:I J{OK ce He H36pHIIIy jepeTH'lKH ayTopH
11
Koje je KOPMCTMO (Op6MHM TaKBe ayTope y CnMCKY MMa 06eAeLKeHe O,ll.­
pe,ll.HMIJ;OM dannato autore, IIITO 3HaqM "npOKAeTM

"';;'0 OtbtDI R.q1tfeo II Jtepo ...111 SIan. hoa,. COWNta­

._ate deut Sltlno.l. ""palc). 1ft Pef'afO l ~. .rqdetr_ca
ttrocleat • deled_ HtIreckor.. taolDlDibu _ qai pallila ciu..
tar.
CAHKa 1. 4JparMeHT ..Index Librorum Prohibitorum", KOjH 6eAelKH
..Kpan.eBcTBa CAoBeHa" MaBpa Op6HHHja l l

Jly6pOBaqKM BAaCTeAMH, ,ll.OMMHMKaHaIJ; M TeOAOIIIKM nMcau AM­

6p03Mje fyqeTMn, HenlTO MAa.oM O,ll. Op6MHMja, M3BpIIIMO je HaAor ,ll.a
"KpaIbeBCTBO CAoBeHa" OqMCTM O,ll. jepeTMqKMX ayTopa, IJ;MTMpaHMX y lbe­
My BeOMa qeCTO, OTMIllao je y CBOjMM MHTepBeHIJ;MjaMa ,ll.aAeKO, rra je
6pMcao 3aje,ll.HO ca OBMMa M CBa Op6MHOBa pa3MMIIIlha:Ei>a 0 cpenM M CY,ll.­
6MHM, qMjMM cy nY,ll.MMa M qMjOj HeCTaAHOCTM nO,ll.AOLKeHM CBM CMPTHM­
IJ;M, cMaTpajynM, 6e3 MMaAO CYMlbe, ,ll.a cy Ta pa3MMIlllhaEi>a jepeTMqKa M
onaCHa MCTO TOAMKO KOAMKO M TM ayTopM.12 fyqeTMneBe MHTepBeHUMje
cy BM,ll.lhMBe Ha CaqYBaHMM rrpMMepIJ;MMa.
KOMeHTapy KynpMKoBa 13, rrpeBO,ll.MOIJ;a M3,ll.alba
Op6MHMjeBor "KpaIbeBCTBa CAOBeHa" Ha PYCKM (2009,2010), rrpMAMKoM
npMnpeMe pycKor npeBO,ll.a KopMIIIneHo je ,ll.pyro M3,ll.albe KlbMre, npe­
CAHKa 2. HacAoBHa CTpaHHI(a H3.llaHoa Op6HHHjeBe KHoHre H3
IIITaMnaHO y ne3apy 1606. ro,ll.MHe no,ll. HaCAOBOM Origine de gli Slavi &
1601. rO.llHHe (AeBo) H IIpewTaMllaHor MaAO II03HaTor H
progresso de1l1mperio lora I di Mauro Orbini R. - in Pesaro, 1606. KyrrPM­
peTKor H3.llaHoa H3 1606. rO.llHHe (.lleCHo)
KOB HarAaIllaBa ,ll.a ce npMMepaK OBor M3,ll.alba qYBa y O,ll.elhelbY peTKMX
KlbMra PycKe ,ll.pLKaBHe 6M6AMoTeKe. OBaKaB HaCAOB OBor (rrpaKTMqHO
Hen03HaTor) M3,ll.alba je ,ll.OCAOBaH HaCAOB Haj06MMHMjer Op6MHMjeBor rro­
rAaBlha (cTpaHMIJ;e OpMrMHaAa 5-203), IllTO MOLK,ll.a 3HaqM,ll.a OBO M3,ll.afbe HayqHM PM MaBpa Op6MHMja HMje Moryne pa3YMeTM, YKOAMKO
06YXBaTa caMO Taj ,ll.eo? HaCAOBHa CTpaHMIJ;a OBor M3,ll.afba (y3eTa M3 Ha- ce He yrrope,ll.M ca ,ll.peBHMM MCTOPMjCKMM M3BopMMa M ,ll.eAMMa ayTopa
Be,ll.eHor pYCKor M3,ll.afba) ,ll.aTa je Ha CAMIJ;M 2. .< fberOBor BpeMeHa. Y TMM ,ll.eAMMa CAMKa CTape MCTopMje 3HaTHO ,ll.py­
CTaBlhafbe Op6MHMjeBe KfbMre Ha Index Librorum Prohibitorum M raqMja O,ll. OHe Koja ,ll.aHaC BaLKM Kao 3BaHMqHa, a TO ce HapOqMTO O,ll.HO­
fbeHO cBo.oefbe Ha peTKe npMMepKe y 6M6AMoTeKaMa ce yrAaBHoM MHoro CM Ha XeAMCKO (BaAKaHCKO) nOAYOCTpBO, qMja je YAora y TMM M3BopMMa
M He pa3MaTpa y aHaAM3aMa MCTOpW-lapa, y3 3a,ll.OBOlhaBafbe 3BaHMqHOM ,ll.aAeKO 3HaqajHMja. HCTOpMqapM HOBMjer BpeMeHa M36eraBajy TaKBe qM­
KpaTKOM KBaAMcpMKaIJ;MjoM, CTaBlheHOM y3 OBO ,ll.eAO y Indexu. Me.oYTMM, fbeHMue, jep ce OHe y ,ll.aHac BaLKenoj MCTOPMMjCKOj HaYUM cMaTpajy "He­
OCMM qMlbeHMIJ;e ,ll.a je ,ll.eAO nOCAe fyqeTMneBe MHTepBeHIJ;Mje MorAO ,ll.a KPMTMqHMM", aAM M rrOBpIllHOM aHaAM30M ce jacHo YOqaBa ,ll.a cy OHe ,ll.0­
6Y,ll.e MHOro BMIlle KopMIllneHo KO,ll. MCTOpMqapa, rrocToje qMfbeHMIJ;e, Koje MMHaHTHe y cTapMjMM (M no npMpO,ll.M CTBapM peAeBaHTHMjMM) M3BOPM­
YKa3yjy Ha 6MTHMjM Y3POK TaKBor O,ll.HOCa npeMa Op6MHMjeBoM ,ll.eAy. 3a Ma, Kao M ,ll.a Op6MHMjeBa HayqHa o36MlhHOCT M 6pOjHOCT KopMIIIneHMX
pa3YMeBalbe TMX qMlbeHMIJ;a HeOnXO,ll.HO je OCBeTAMTM HeKe rrpoIJ;ece. M3Bopa HMCY cnojMBM ca ,ll.aHaC y06MqajeHMM CAMKaMa a fberOBOM ,ll.eAy.
nOce6HO CBeTAO Ha Op6MHMjeBo ,ll.eAO 6auajy je,ll.HO CYIIITMHCKM
Indcx Librorum TeMelhHO YAaLKefbe y BaLKaH M3BOP 3a cTapy cprrcKY MCTOPMjy (ilemonuc
Jesu Editus, Usque ad Annum 1681.
nona J{YKlbal-tUl-la) M je,ll.HO roTOBO HenpMMeTHO ,ll.OTMuafbe nMcafba pO­
Eidcm acccdit in finc Appendix, p. 189, Rome, Typis. Rev. Cam. Apost. 1704.
MejcKor uapa KOHCTaHTMHa VII nopqmporeHMTa, qMja je YAora y Y06AM­
12 Ml1pOCllaB naHTHn: "MaBpo Op611H - )l(I1BOT H pa,I\", npe,I\rOBop KEbl13H
qaaalbY cprrCKe MCTopMje y ,ll.aHaC ,ll.OMMHaHTHY CPOPMY 3arrOqeTa ,ll.eCeT
611HI1: "KPa.J:bCBCTBO ClloBcHa ", c. XJ-CVIII, Cpna:a I<lbU.JlCe6Ha 3aODvza.
rpa,I\, 1968. ro,ll.MHa nOCAe o6jaBlhMBafba Op6MHMjeBor "KpaIbeBCTBa CAOBeHa", a rro­
13 Maypo Op6HHI1: "CllaBJlHCKOC UaPCTBO ", BTopoe 113J~aHl1e, c. 8, o.TlMa Me()ua
CTaAa ,ll.OMMHaHTHa TeK y XIX BeKY y rrpoIJ;ecy yo6AMqaBafba MCTopMjcKe
MOCKBa, 2010. CAMKe CBeTa y OKBMpMMa MCTOPMjCKMx IIIKOAa 3arrMHoeBponCKMx KOAO­
12 I3
 .,.....-
HHjaAHHX CHAa. YAora BaTHKaHa H H.eroBe CTpaTerHje llIHpeH.a npeMa
CAOBeHCKOM CBeTy H npaaOCAaBHHM HapO,ZJ;HMa HepaCKH)1.HBO je Be3aHa
ca THM. MaBpo Op6HHH je y je)1.HOM nepHO.llY 6HO Ba:a<:aH yqecHHK THX
npou:eca, aAH je BeOMa 6p30 nocrao HenoTpe6aH, na T.faK H KOHTpanpo­
.llYKTHBHHM, jep cy TO 6HAa BpeMeHa BeAHKOr y6p3aBaH.a IIIHpeH.a PHMO­
KaTOAHT.fKe u:pKBe npeMa CAOBeHHMa H BpeMe y6p3aHor HapacraH.a no­
AHTHT.fKHX aneTHTa, KOjH ne Ben y Hape)1.HOM BeKY )1.0BecrH H )1.0 CBe HH­
TeH3HBHHjer nOCe3aH.a 3a CPaACHcpHKOBaH.eM HcropHje.
DaHCAaBHsaM MaBpa Op6HHHja
Y)1.peBHHM HcrOPHjCKHM H3BopHMa H ,ZJ;eAHMa ayropa Op6HHHje­
Bor BpeMeHa CAHKa crape HcropHje je 3HaTHO )1.pyraT.fHja O,ZJ; OHe Koja ,ZJ;a­
Hac Ba:a<:H KaO 3BaHHT.fHa, a TO ce HapOT.fHTO O)1.HOCH Ha XeAMCKO (BaA­
KaHCKO) nOAyocrpBO, T.fHja je YAora y THM H3BopHMa )1.aAeKO 3HaT.fajHHja,
a Meoy )1.peBHHM HapO,ZJ;HMa, KOjH jOlli Y npe)1.aHTHT.fKO H aHTHT.fKO BpeMe
nocroje Ha THM npocropHMa, HaAa3e ce Cp6H ca CBOjHM 6pOjHHM nAe­
MeHCKHM HMeHHMa, Koje je MO,ZJ;epHa HcropHja "0)1. OKa" nporAaCHAa H3y­
MpAHM HapO,ZJ;HMa, a Cp6e H ,ZJ;pyre CAoBeHe )1.011IlbaU:HMa Ha CBOjHM ca­
,ZJ;allIH.HM npocropHMa. MHorH HOBHjH pe3YATaTa Hcrpa:a<:HBaH.a y pa3AH­
T.fHTHM HaYKaMa nOKa3yjy BeOMa jacHo )1.a je Ta cTapa CAHKa 6HAa )1.aAeKO
HcnpaBHHja. lllTaBHllIe, 06HMHa cTY)1.Hja (T.fOjH je KoaYTop ayTop OBe
yaO)1.He CTy,ZJ;Hje) ca cnpe3aH.eM BeAHKor 6poja T.fHH.eHHu:a H3 pa3HOpO)1.­
HHX HaYKa, aAH H H3 orpOMHor 6poja HcroPHjCKHX H3Bopa H cTY)1.Hja (0)1.
aHTHT.fKHX, npeKo cpe,ZJ;H.OBeKOBHHX XPOHHKa, je3YHTcKHX cry,ZJ;Hja TOKOM
HeKOAHKO BeKOBa, CBe ,ZJ;O CTy,ZJ;Hja MO,ZJ;epHHx eBponcKHX HCTOpHT.fapa)l4,
nOKa3yje ,ZJ;a je BaAKaHCKO (XeAMcKo) nOAyocTPBO H TIo.llYHaBlbe KOAeBKa
eBponcKe U:HBHAH3aU:Hje H eBponcKor npaHapO)1.a, KOjH je y KOHTHHyHTe­
Ty OT.fyaao CBe U:HBHAH3aU:HjcKe KapaKTepHcTHKe )1.0 )1.aHallIH.HX Haj)1.H­
peKTHHjHx 6allITHHHKa - Cp6a H Pyca.
3a H3yqaBaH.e npBHX BeKOBa HOBe epe Ha XeAMCKOM (Ba:i\:Ka.H­
CKOM) nOAYOCTPBY, nocTojH 06Hlbe nO,ZJ;aTaKa y )1.eAHMa aHTHT.fKHX nHcau.a
H 3anHCH 6pOjHHX cpe,ZJ;H.OBeKOBHHX AeTonHcau:a H nOBeCHHT.fapa 1S ,
YKlbyqyjynH H OHe Koje je KOPHcrHO MaBpo Op6HHH. TH nO)1.aU:H cy y Be­
AHKOj MepH carAaCHH ca T.fHH.eHHu:aMa Koje je Op6HHH 0,ZJ;a6pao H yapc­
THO y cBoje "KpalbeBcrBo CAOBeHa". Meoy 6pOjHHM HMeHHMa nAeMeHa
eBponCKor npaHapO,ZJ;a, nOHHKAOr H yaeK npHcyTHor Ha HCTOPHjCKH n03­
HaTHM cpnCKHM eTHHT.fKHM npOCTopHMa, Koja npeKpHBajy BenH )1.eo
aHTHT.fKe EBpone, HeMa HMeHa CAOBeHa - OHO ce jaBlba jaBlba BpAO Kac­
HO TeK y VI BeKY, a BeAHKH 6poj HcropHT.fapa je carAacaH ,ZJ;a je HMe Cp­
6H (Cap6H, Cap6aTH, CapMaTH) 6HAO crapHje onlliTe HMe 3a 6Y.llYna c.t\O­
14 JOBaH M. ,l{epentli, .l{paroJby6 n. AHTHh: "McTopHja Cp6a n Pyca - npaHapo.n;a EB­
pone, npBa n )1pyra KFbnra", raHema l(Jly6, Eeorpa.n;, 2013.
15 C . (KOJa
. ce .n;aHac 6e3pa3nO)KHO CMaTPa ,,xp­
Tapa cpnCKa peq nO(Jecm, nO(JUjecm
BaTll3MOM") Ha BeOMa nen HaqnH onHcyje CyrnTllHy HCTopnje "- TO je H3BellJTaBafbe
n nOBe3HBafbe no.n;aTaKa 0 HeKOM .n;oral)ajy nJln nojaBH.
14
BeHCKe HapO)1.e. 0)1. THX nAeMeHa H 6pOjHHX nAeMeHa, Ha3HBaHHX O,ZJ;
crapHx nHCau.a CKHTHMa, XeTHMa, KeATHMa, feTHMa, fOTHMa, BeH,ZJ;H­
Ma, BeHe,ZJ;HMa, BaH.ZJ;aAHMa HT,ZJ;. Hacrajy je3rpa KacHHjHx eBpOnCKHX
,ZJ;p:a<:aBa H HapO,ZJ;a HacraAHX Ha pymeBHHaMa 3ana,ZJ;HOr PHMCKor u:ap­
crBa y3 nOMOn paTHH':IKHX nOAyaoMa,1I.CKHX nAeMeHa H ,ZJ;py:a<:HHa H3 CBHX
THX CP0)1.HHX nAeMeHa. TOKoM Hape)1.HHX BeKOBa y "KOTAOBHMa 3a crana­
H.e HapO,ZJ;a", y OKBHPY ,ZJ;p:a<:aBa nO)1. naTpOHaTOM PHMoKaTOAHT.fKe UpKBe,
Hacrajy,ZJ;aHallIH.H MOnHH eBpOnCKH HapO,ZJ;H.
360r CBera Haae)1.eHOr, npoBejaBa Jl.YX Y3ajaMHe Be3e CBHX THX
crapHx nAeMeHa H HapO,ZJ;a y H3BOpHMa Koje KOPHcrH Op6HHH, jep TO ja­
CHO YOT.faBajy H HcrHT.fY HCTOpHT.fapH T.fHja je )1.eAa KOPHCTHO (a H OH
npHna,1I.a TOM llIHPOKO pacnpocrpaH.eHOM Hapo.llY H Tora je cBecraH). Ha
AHCTH H3Bopa ce HaAa3H H BeAHKH 6poj KaTOAHT.fKHX MOHaxa, CBellITe­
HHKa H TeOAOra, Kao H 6pOjHH HCTOpHT.fapH H3 eBponCKHX HeCAOBeHCKHX
HapO)1.a. 3aTO, HeMa OCHOBa 3a y06HT.fajeHo npHnHCHBaH.e HaU:HOHaApO­
MaHTHT.fapCKHX 06eAe:a<:ja. HaU:HOHaApOMaHTH3aM je y BpeMe KOHaT.fHOr
yo6AHT.faBaH.a eBponCKHX HapO)1.a (XVII H XVIII BeK) 6HO HOpMaAHa noja­
Ba H KO)1. npHna,1I.HHKa )1.aHaC )1.0MHHaHTHe repMaHCKe HCTopHjcKe llIKO­
Ae, aAH BeOMa T.fecro je 6allI KO,ZJ; H.HX TO 6HO OCHOBHH pa3Aor 3a HerHpa­
H.e TBP)1.H.H Koje H.llY y KOPHcr npHna,1I.HHKa cpnCKe (CAOBeHCKe) ayTox­
TOHHCTHT.fKe llIKOAe.
MnaK, nocrojH y n03a,1I.HHH Op6HHHjeBor HayqHor npHCTyna je­
,ZJ;Ha ,ZJ;OMHHaHTHa H)1.eja H jacaH U:Hlb cry)1.Hje OH jacHo H3je)1.HaT.faaa CBe
Te 6pojHe Hapo)1.e H nAeMeHa H nO)1.BAaT.fH HX no)1. 3aje)1.HHT.fKO HMe Clzoee­
H.U. BPAO je jacHo )1.a OH TO pa,1I.H Y CarAaCHOCTH ca CMepHHu:aMa H3 Ba­
THKaHa H)1.a TO HHje nAO)1. H.eroBor HaU:HOHaApOMaHTHT.fHOr H pO,ZJ;olby6H­
Bor 3aHoca. HanpOTHB, TO je BO,ZJ;ena H)1.eja ilaH.CJlaeu3Ma, KOjH noce6HO
Y3HMa Maxa y XV H XVI BeKY. To je BpeMe Ben yaHlliTeHor POMejcKor
u:apcrBa H craAHHX Ha,ZJ;HpaH.a TypaKa Ka EBponH. fAaBHH 6e)1.eM 3a­
llITHTe EBpone 0)1. rypcKor Ha,1I.HpaH.a T.fHHe Cp6H no)1. nOKpoBHTelbcrBoM
pHMOKaTOAHT.fKHX )1.p:lKaBa. To je npaneHo HHTeH3HBHHM KaTOAHT.feH.eM
Cp6a H Kp03 BojHy XHjepapXHjy npeTBapaH.a y XpBaTe H MaOape. Ha­
pOT.fHTy yAOry Y THM npou:ecHMa HMao je "MAHPCKH 3aBO,ZJ; CBeTor Jepo­
HHMa", KOjH ce 0)1. OCHHBaH.a y BaTHKaHY 1453. ro)1.HHe cHcreMaTcKH
6aaH KaTOAHT.feH.eM Cp6a Ha XeAMCKOM nOAyocrpBY, Koje cy Ta,1I.a y Ba­
THKaHCKHM H aycTpHjcKHM )1.p:a<:aBHHM ycraHoBaMa T.feiline 3BaAH HAH­
pHMa, CBe )1.0 xx BeKa, Ka,1I.a cy ce Ben creKAH YCAOBH 3a rpy6lbe CPaACH­
cpHKOBaH.e H )1.a ce TH Cp6H (MAHPH) npHHy)1.HO nporAace XpBaTHMa. 16
To je H nepHo,ZJ; HacraHKa 6pOjHHX CTy,ZJ;Hja HcropHje CAOBeHCKHX
Hapo,ZJ;a, Koje cy H3pa)1.HAH yrAe)1.HH KaTOAHT.fKH HCTOpHT.fapH, a y T.fHTa­
BOM TOM npou:ecy je Y0T.flbHBa jacHa HaMepa)1.a ce CAOBeHCKH CBeT craBH
no,ZJ; KOHTPOAY BaTHKaHa H nOCTeneHO YTonH y KaTOAHT.fKa eBponCKa
16 ,l{eTarbHnje 0 OBOM miTaI:ny Bll)];n y:
HHKona )l(YTHn: "BjepcKo-HaUHOHanHa H nOJlHTH'IKa 3JIoynoTpe6a HJlnpCKOr
HMeHa", OKpyrJIH CTO CAHY Memo(}oJlotUJ<U np06J1eM u3y~a(Jafba nopel(Jla AA6a­
Hat{a, 21. jYHH 2007. ro,n:HHe, y 360PHHKY "AJI6aHl~H - JIa)KHH MJIHPH", c. 165-192,
IIemun U CUH06U, Eeorpa,n:, 2007.
15
 I:(apCTBa. ,aa 6H ce TO rrOCTHrAO, rrOTrrOMaraAO ce KOHCTpYHCal-be rroce6­
HOr HaI:(HOHaAHor H,n:eHTHTeTa 3a IllTO BenH 6poj CprrcKo-pyCKHX rrAeMe­
Ha, ,n:a 6H ce KacHHje Kp03 H,n:ejy llaHCJWeU3.Ma pa,n:HAO Ha l-bHXOBOM
rrpHrrajal-by YTHI:(ajHoj CcpepH BaTHKaHa. TaKaB CI:(eHapHO je KacHHje ,n:ao
rrpHMeTHe pe3YATaTe KO,n: XpBaTa, Maljapa, LJexa H ITolbaKa.
ITOAHTR'IKe aM6HI:(Hje BaTHKaHa rrpeMa CAOBeHCKOM cBeTy rrpe,n:­
cTaBlb~y OCHOBHH MOTHB 3a rro,n:pIllKY MaBpy Op6HHHjy y H3pa,n:H l-bero­
Be HCTopHjcKe CTy,n:Hje. C 063HPOM Ha TO ,n:a je y XV BeKY HaCTao BeAHKH
6poj HCTOPHjCKHX CTy,n:Hja 'mjH cy ayTopH 6HAY KaTOAM'IKH MOHaCH, O'IH­
rAe,n:HO je ,n:a je Op6HHH 6HO HOIlleH HCTHM TaAaCOM. JaCHO je H ,n:a je l-be­
roBO ,n:eAO HHcrrHpHcaHO H,n:ejoM llaHCJWeU3.Ma, a HCTopHjcKe CTy,n:Hje
Koje je Op6HHH KOPHCTHO 06HAOBaAe cy rro,n:aI:(HMa y rrpHAor TaKBHX CTa­
BOBa. OTy,n:a je H HaCTao KOHI:(errT H CYIllTHHCKH ,n:orrpHHoc CTy,n:Hje.
HCKopHIllneHe 'IHl-beHHI:(e H ,n:aTH KOMeHTapH cy 3aCHOBaHH Ha CTBap­
HHM 'IHl-beHHI:(aMa H3 KopHIllneHHX H3Bopa H Ha AOrH'IHO 3aCHOBaHoj
HCTOPHjCKOj CAHI:(H y06AH'IeHoj Ha OCHOBY l-bHX, a Op6HHHjeBo MHIlllbel-be
HHje o.llY,n:apaAO o,n: MHIlllbel-ba HCTOpH'Iapa l-berOBOr BpeMeHa.
illHpel-be llaHCTtaeU3.Ma rrpaTH IllHpel-be je,n:He rrpH'Ie H3 HCTopHje
aHTH'IKOr CBeTa. To je rrpH'Ia 0 "rpaMaTH AAeKCaH,n:pa BeAHKOra", ,n:e­
TalbHHje 06paljeHoj y HaIlloj aHaAH3H pa3Aora 3a l-beH HaCTaHaK H IllHpe­
l-be.17 HCTOpH'IapH cy 3a6eAe2KHAH 'IHl-beHHUY ,n:a je MAa,n:H AAeKcaH,n:ap
Ha rrO'IeTKY cBoje BAa,n:aBHHe CKAOrrHO crropa3yM ca ITAeMeHHMa ceBepHo
o,n: MaKe,n:oHcKor I:(apCTBa, 'IHMe je CTBOPHO rroTpe6He YCAoBe 3a oKpeTa­
l-be Ha HCTOK H rroxo,n: Ha kmjy. T~ ,n:oraljaj HajBepoBaTHHje rrpe,n:­
CTaBlbao CTBapHy HCTOPHjCKY rro)l.Aory 3a TpajHH crropa3YM H3Meljy ITAe­
MeHa eBporrcKor rrpaHapo,n:a (ca H3pruKeHHM KapaKTepHCTHKaMa oqyBa­
HHM KO,n: ,n:aHaIlll-bHX Cp6a H Pyca) BaH MaKe,n:OHCKor I:(apCTBa H AAeK­
caH,n:pa BeAHKOr, 'IHja ce pecpAeKcHja rrOCAe BHIlle BeKOBa jaBlba KO,n:
6pOjHHX HCTOpH'Iapa, Kao 'IYBeHa "rpaMaTa (,n:apOBHHI:(a) AAeKcaH,n:pa
MaKe,n:OHCKor CAOBeHHMa (HAHpHMa, reTHMa, Tj. Cep60-PacHMa)".
CTapH PYCKH crrHC "ITpHrrOBe,n:al-be a CAOBeHY H Pycy H rp~
CAOBeHCKY"18 ca,n:P2KH orrHC cycpeTa AAeKcaH,n:pa MaKe,n:OHCKor Ii 'PYCKHX
KHe1KeBa BeAHKOCaHa, ACaHa H ABecxacaHa ca AAeKcaH,n:pOM BeAHKHM H
a rpaMaTH (,n:apOBHHI:(H, MajecTaTY, rrOBelbH), KOjy HM je AAeKcaH,n:ap TOM
rrpHAHKOM ,n:ao. OBaj TeKCT ce rrojaBHo y eBporrcKoj jaBHoCTH XVI BeKY H
rroCTojH aKa 100 l-beroBHx Bep3Hja, yrAaBHoM H3 ,n:pyre rrOAOBHHe Tora
cToAena. Hajrr03HaTHja H HajBHIlle KopHIllneHa je pycKa Bep3Hja H3
"XpoHorpacpa" 3a 1679. ro,n:HHY, a rr03HaTe cy H Bep3Hje "i\eTOrrHCHOr
360pHHKa" ITaTpIijapxa HHKoHa 1652-1658, HOBropo,n:cKor III AeTorrHca,
Ma3YPHHcKor AeTOrrHCI:(a HCH,n:opa CHa3HHa, HOBropo,n:cKH 3a6jeAHHCKH
H ITaro,n:HHcKH AeTorrHCH HT,n:. HCTOpH'IapH cMaTpajy ,n:a je oBaj TeKCT Ha
PYCKOM caCTaBHO HOBropo,n:CKH MHTpOrrOAHT KHrrpHjaH 1626-1634. ro­
17 JOBaH M. ll:epemn, lJ:paroJby6 IT. AHml1: "I1cTopHja Cp6a H Pyca IJpaHapO.1la
EBpOIJe, npBa K.EhHra", c. 586-594, TaHeUla KJly6, IJeorpa,n, 2013.
18 CKa3aHHe 0 CJIOBeHe H Pyce H ropO.1le CJIOBeHCKe (H3 XpoHocpa¢a 1679
ITy6JIHKyeTcH no IJOJlHOMY co6paHuIO PYCCKUX Jlemonuceii. T. 31. JleHHHrpa.1l,
1977..
16
,n:HHe, Ma,n:a ce HeKH ,n:eAOBH a ce06aMa Pyca rrperro3Hajy H y rrepcHjcKHM
H3BopHMa ca rrO'IeTKa XII BeKa.
OBa ,n:apoBHHI:(a, rro,n: HMeHOM "rpaMaTa AAeKcaH,n:pa MaKe,n:oH­
CKor CAoBeHHMa", rrojaBHAa ce TpH BeKa paHHje y jaBHocTH y ITpary
1348. ro,n:HHe, rrpHAHKOM OCHHBaH:.a EMaycKor MaHaCTHpa, Ka,n:a je rrpo­
'IHTaHa o,n: cTpaHe 'IeIllKOr Kpalba H HeMa'IKOr I:(apa KapAa IV H l-beHa je
KorrHja rrpe,n:aTa MOHaCHMa Ha qyBal-be. lhy je rrpBH rryT o6jaBHol9 BaI:(­
AaB XajeK 1541. ro,n:HHe, rrpHAHKOM orrHca 36HBal-ba H3 1348. ro,n:HHe y
CBOjOj "LJeIllKoj XPOHHI:(H"20. lheHY KorrHjy Ha AaTHHCKOM je3HKY je, ca
BapIllaBcKor YHHBep3IiTeTa, Ha6aBHo 'IeIllKH HCTOpH'Iap JOCHcp ITep­
BOACP 1516. ro,n:HHe. IToTOM je 1551. ro,n:HHe oBaj ,n:oKYMeHT IllTaMrraH Ha
rrOlbCKOM, 1596. Ha HeMa'IKOM, a 1601. ro,n:HHe Ha HTaAHjaHcKoM y
"KpalbeBcTBY CAoBeHa" MaBpa Op6HHHja. i\aTHHcKH rrpeBo,n: "rpaMaTe
AAeKcaH,n:pa MaKe,n:oHcKor" je rrpeBe,n:eH ca rp'IKOr je3HKa ca OpHrHHaAa,
KojHje rrpoHaljeH y KOHcTaHTHHorrolbY. 3aTO A. C. MHlbHHKOB CMaTpa,n:a
He Tpe6a 0,n:6aI:(HBaTH 'IHl-beHl:II:(e H3 l-beHOr ca,n:p1Kaja, jep ce l-berOB OPH­
rHHaA HaAa3H, HAM ce 6apeM HaAa3HO y KOHCTaHTHHorrOlbY. MHlbHHKOB
TaKolje HaBo,n:H TBp,n:l-by MaTeja CTPHjKoBcKor, rrOlbCKor HCTOpH'Iapa
,n:pyre rrOAOBHHe XVI BeKa, ,n:a ce AAeKcaH,n:poBa rpaMaTa jOIll YBeK HaAa­
3H y KOHcTaHTHHorrolbY, Kao H ,n:a je ayTop Heo6jaBlbeHe "HCTopHje pycKe
,n:p1KaBe" BaCHAHj KpaIlleHHHHKoB HarrHcao cpe,n:HHoM XVIII BeKa, ,n:a je
Taj ,n:oKYMeHT Y UapcKoj 6H6AHoTeI:(H y KOHcTaHTHHorrolbY rrpoHaIllao
I:(apcKH ceKpeTap JYAMj BaATa3ap21.
TeKCT "rpaMaTe AAeKCaH,n:pa BeAHKOra" H3 "XpoHorpacpa" 3a
1679. ro,n:HHY ,n:OCTa ce pa3AHKYje o,n: rrpeBo,n:a 3a Koje je rr03HaTO ,n:a cy
paljeHH ca AaTHHCKHX rrperrHca, a HajBepoBaTHHje je l-beroBa CAM'IHOCT
ca H3BOPHHM ,n:oKYMeHToM YMal-beHa rrOBe3HBal-beM ca HeKaKBHM AereH­
,n:aMa. TeKcT H3 "LJeIllKe xpoHHKe" BaI:(j\aBa XajeKa CAH'IaH je TeKcry H3
"KpalbeBCTBa CAoBeHa" MaBpa Op6HHHja. ITpeBo,n: Ha caBpeMeHH PYCKH
je3HK A. C. MHlbHHKOBa je TaKolje y BeAHKoj MepH CAH'IaH ca l-bHM. ITpe­
Ma CBHM Bep3HjaMa TeKCTa, rpaMaTa je H3,n:aTa 324. ro,n:HHe rrpe XpIicTa
y AAeKcaH,n:pHjH Ha HHAY, Tj. Y BpeMe Ka,n:a je AAeKcaH,n:ap 3aBpIllHO ca
oCBajaH:.eM 'IHTaBOr Ta,n:aIllH:.er I:(HBHAH30BaHOr CBeTa Ha nCToKY H rrpe­
OCTaAO My je jOIll ,n:a ce OKpeHe ,n:HBlbOj rrepHcpepHjH I:(RBHAH3aI:(Hje Ha
3arr~ y ACPPHI:(H H EBporrH. ITo Ben rrperr03HaTlbHBoj MeTo,n:OAorHjH,
KaKO neMO Ben BH,n:eTH KacHHje y HaIllHM aHaAH3aMa AAeKcaH,n:pOBor
rroxo,n:a, rrOCAe CBaKe o,n: eTarra, AAeKcaH,n:ap je Morao ,n:a KOPHCTH rrpH­
AMKY 3a ysoljel-be pe,n:a y ,n:p1KaBH, rra 6H H3,n:aBal-be OBaKBOr ,n:OKYMeHTa,
KOjHM ce peryAHIlle MHp ca ceBepHOM CTpaHOM CBeTa, 6HAO HeIllTO ca­
19 OJIbra AKHMOBa: "CJIaBHHCKHe ,npeBHOCTH B TPy,nax IOPHH KplDKaHHqa", c. 46,
SLOVO, SV. 56-57 (2006-'07), s. 39-56, Zagreb, 2008.
m •
W. Hagek; "Kronyka Ceska", JIHCT 319, Praha, 154l.
Vaclav Hajek z Libocan: "Kronyka Czeska (Kronika Ceska)", CCCXIX, Rytijri Jan
Ferdynand z Ssenfeldu, 1819.
21 A. C. MbIJIbHHKOB: "KapTHHa CJIaBHHCKoro MHpa: B3rAA.1l H3 BOCTOqHOH EBPOIJbl:
3THoreHeTHqeCKHe JIereH,nbl, .1l0ra,nKH, IJpOTOrHIJOTe3b1 XVI- Haqana XVIII BeKa".
C. 80, IJemep6ypccKoe BocmoKoeedeHue, CaHKT ITeTep6ypr, 1996.
17

 --
CBHM pa3YMlI:.HBO. JaCHO je H ,n:a OBaKaB ,n:OKYMeHT, KaKaB ce jaBlba y
KacHHjHM AaTHHCKHM H PYCKHM Bep3HjaMa, He MO:>Ke 6HTH BepaH HeKa­
KBOM je,n:HHCTBeHOM 0pHrHHaAY, Ben je pe3YATaT 6pOjHHX npenHCHBalba
H npepa.n;a, HajBepoBaTHHje Ha 6a3H BHIne pa3AH"fHTHX CTBapHHX HCTO­
PHjCKHX ,n:OKYMeHaTa.
I1naK, HecnopHa je "fHlbeHHu.a, ,n:a H3a aBe AereH,n:e CTOjH HenITO
caCBHM peaAHo. AAeKcaH,n:ap MaKe,n:OHCKH je, jOlII npe nOAaCKa Y OCBa­
jalbe ITepcHjcKor u.apCTBa, nOCAe KpaTKoTpajHor paTa ca TpH6aAHMa, ca
KpalbeM Cep60M (CpeMOM) H ca feTHMa ca AeBe 06aAe llyHaBa, Ca"fHHHO
,n:orOBOp ca nAeMeHCKHM nOrAaBapHMa. 3a pa3AHKY o,n: 6pOjHHX Bepo­
AOMHHX cnopa3YMa ca ,n:pyrHM Hapo,n:HMa, oBaj cnopa3yM je OCTao Ha
CHa3H CBe BpeMe. Cpo,n:Ha nAeMeHa ceBepHO o,n: AAeKcaH,n:pOBor u.apCTBa
HHCY HHKa.n;a TOKOM Hape,n:HHx 12 ro,n:HHa lberoBHx noxo,n:a yna.n;aAH Ha
TepHTopHjy UapCTBa. CacBHM AOrH"fHO je ,n:a je TaKaB ,n:OroBOP 6HO 3a­
nHCaH je3HKoM H nHCMOM Tor Hapo,n:a (HalIIa HaBe,n:eHa 06HMHa cry,n:Hja
nOKa3yje H ,n:a je TaKBa nHCMeHOCT nOCTojaAa H ,n:a je HaCTaAa jOlII y
HeOAHTCKOM nO.n:yHaBlbY, Kao CBeonlIITH H3BOP CBeTCKe nHCMeHOCTH,
lIITO je Ca:>KeTO ,n:aTO y HalIIoj MaAOj Ca:>KeToj CTy,n:HjH22). KacHHje cy MO­
rAH HaCTaTH rp"fKH npenHCH H H Mo,n:mimKau.Hje Tor ,n:OKYMeHTa, ca OC­
HOBHOM H,n:ejoM ,n:a ce fpU.H H POMejcKo u.apCTBO nporAace HaCAe,n:HHu.H­
Ma npaBa AAeKcaH,n:pOBor u.apCTBa H ,n:a, Ha OCHOBY Tor cnopa3YMa,
HMajy CTa6HAaH MHp ca cpnCKHM H CpO,n:HHM nAeMeHHMa BaH cBoje ,n:p­
:>KaBe (y KOjOj Cp6H "fHHe BenHHY H,n:O BpeMeHa MaBpa Op6HHHja). BHAo
KaKO {)HAO, TaKaB 06AHK KOer3HCTeHu.Hje H3MeOY nAeMeHa ceBepHo o,n:
CaBe H llyHaBa H ypeoeHe ,n:p:>KaBe jY:>KHO o,n: Te rpaHHu.e, y3 CTaAaH oce­
naj 3aje,n:HH"fKe npHna.n;HoCTH, OCTao je Ha CHa3H H BHlIIe Hape,n:HHx Be­
KOBa, OCHM yna.n;a paTHH"fKHX rpyna, HAH BenHX ,n:ocelbaBalba paTHH"f­
KHX rpyna ca nopo,n:Hu.aMa y3 carAaCHOCT POMejcKor u.apCTBa.
Y npHAor OBaKBOM 3aKlbyqKY H YA03H IlaHClLaeU3Ma roBOPH H
aHaAH3a Cp6HHa KaTOAHKa JypHja KpH:>KaHH"fa (1617-1683), je3YHTe no­
CAaTor y PyCHjy ,n:a pa.n;H Ha YHHjH u.pKaBa H lIIHpelby H,n:eje IlaHClLa­
8U3Ma, KOjH je H3yqHO "npHnoBe,n:albe a CAoBeHY H Pycy" jOlII y.paHHjoj
Bep3HjH H3 1652. ro,n:HHe H aHaAH3HpaO "AAeKCaH,n:poBY rpaMaTY". OH
HaBo,n:H ,n:a je y XVI BeKY HTaAHjaHcKH HCTOpH"fap ,llOMHHHK UHAeHHjyc
npoH3Beo BapHjaHTY aBe rpaMaTe "npeBooelbeM Ha AaTHHCKH ca rp"fKor"
H "HAHpCKHM no,n:au.HMa" ("datum illyricis"), O,n:HOCHO ".llaAMaTa, AH:6yp­
Ha H CBHX OCTaAHX HCToje3H"fHHKa, KOjH :>KHBe Ha ,llyHaBY H Y cyce,n:HHM
3eMlbaMa" (" ... illustri prosapiae Illyricum populorum, Dalmatiae, Lybur­
niae, ceterarumque eiusdem idiomatis et linguae gentium, ad Danu­
bium, et medias regiorum sedes incolentium"23). KpH:>KaHH"f je, 360r
:>KeCTOKOr 3aAaralba 3a YHHjy u.pKaBa, 6HO nOCAaT y T060ACK, r,n:e je npo­
Beo 16 ro,n:HHa. lberoBo ,n:eAO 06HAyje n03HTHBHHM aHaAH3aMa HCTopHje
Pyca, aAH je OH HCToBpeMeHo YAO:>KHO BeAHKH Tpy,n: y lIIHpelbe IlaHClLa­
BU3Ma y OKBHpHMa pHMO-KaTOAH'IKe u.pKBe. OH je HMao HeraTHBaH CTaB
22 lOBaH I1. ,lJ,epe'fHfl, ,lJ,paroJby6 IT. AHTl1fl: "CpnCKO nl1CMO - ,nap tIOBeqaHCTBY",
rUHf?UW lOly6, Fieorpa,n, 2013.
23 D. Cyllenius: "De vetere et recentiore scientia militari", p. 66, Venetia, 1559.
18
a nOMeHYToM "npHnoBe,n:albY a CAoBeHY H Pycy" H a "AAeKCaH,n:poBoj
rpaMaTH", CMaTpajynH HX npo.n:yKToM AereH,n:H. I1naK, OH ,n:aje jaKe apry­
MeHTe y KOPHCT 3aKlbyqKa ,n:a Hsa AaTHHCKHX Bep3Hja ,,AAeKCaH,n:pOBe
rpaMaTe" CTOjH CTBapHH cnopa3YM H3MeOY AAeKcaH,n:pa BeAHKOr 335.
ro,n:HHe npe XpHCTa H nAeMeHa ca AeBe 06aAe ,llyHaBa24 . KpH:>KaHH'I Ha­
BO,n:H H MHlIIlbelbe nOlbCKor HCTOpH"fapa H3 XVI BeKa CTaHHcAaBa Cap­
HHIJ.KOr25 , KOjH OCHOB 3a "AAeKcaH,n:pOBY rpaMaTY" nOBe3yje ca AAeK­
CaH,n:POBHM paTOM ca TpH6aAHMa Ha nO"feTKY cBoje BAaCTH (TpH6aAe H
MHora ,n:pyra ,n:peBHa nAeMeHa CapHHu.KH CMaTpa CAOBeHHMa).
KacHHjH npenHCH H a,n:anTau.Hje TeKCTa "AAeKCaH,n:pOBe rpaMa­
Te", HHCY MOrAH ,n:a H36pHmy jaCHY AorHKY, Ha KOjOj je aHa 3aCHOBaHa.
I13 HeKHX no,n:aTaKa ce MO:>Ke 3aKlbyqHTH ,n:a cy H repMaHCKH BAa.n;apH
3ana.n;HoeBponCKHX ,n:p:>KaBa (<ppaHu.yCKe, HeMa"fKe, AycTpHje) npeTeH­
,n:OBaAH Ha npaBa ,n:eq:mHHcaHa OBHM ,n:OKYMeHTOM, lIITO HMa H HeKe AO­
rHKe, jep je cpnCKO (CAOBeHCKO) nopeKAO THX HOBHX HaIJ.Hja y CTBapalbY
6HAO jOlII YBeK npHMeTHO. HalIIe aHaAH3e nOKa3yjy ,n:a cy feTH yseK
npe,n:CTaBlbaAH paTHH'IKH CTaAe:>K, a He Hapo,n:26. I1CTO Ba:>KH H 3a KeATe
(nocTojH jacHa Y3ajaMHa Be3a H3Meoy XeTa, KeATa H feTal, KOjH TaKooe
yqeCTByjy y ,n:OroBOPY ca AAeKcaH,n:py Ha llyHaBY 335. ro,n:HHe npe XpH­
CTa. CYlIITHHa "AAeKCaH,n:pOBe rpaMaTe" 06YXBaTa H lbHX, a H3 HCTOPHj­
CKHX H3Bopa 3HaMO ,n:a ne, nOCAe BpeMeHa AAeKcaH,n:pa BeAHKOr, KeATH
HrpaTH BeAHKY yAOry y OpraHH30BalbY ,n:P:>KaBHHX 3aje,n:HHu.a Ha ceBepy H
3ana.n:y EBpone. AKa 3aKlbyqHMo ,n:a cy ce y TO BpeMe Y3ajaMHO CpO,n:HH
cpncKo-pyCKH feTH H KeATH Ben pacAojHAH y ,n:Be CAH"fHe rpyne paTHH"f­
KHX nAeMeHa, OH,n:a je "AAeKcaH,n:pOBa rpaMaTa" npe,n:CTaBlbaAa H npaBHO
peryAHCaHO pa3rpaHH"felbe HHTepeCHHX ccpepa ceBepHO o,n: ,llyHaBa.
I13AO:>KeHH 06HMHH npHKa3 pa3jalIIlbaBa CYlIITHHCKe pa3Aore
Op6HHHjeBor YKlbyqHBalba "fpaMaTe AAeKcaH,n:pa BeAHKOra" y cBoje ,n:e­
AO Ha c. 168-169. I1HTepecaHTHo je,n:a Op6HHH y onHcy OBor ,n:oKYMeHTa
HaBO,n:H ,n:a je ".llapoBHHu.a" ,n:aTa I1AHpHMa, lIITO CTojH H Kao H3,n:BojeH
no,n:HaCAOB Ha MaprHHH, a y caMOM TeKcry nOMHlbe CAoBeHe. ,lla 6H ce
aBO pa3YMeAO, Tpe6a HMaTH y BH.n:y ,n:a Op6HHH HaBo,n:H y HCTOM ,n:eAy H
KOMnAeTaH TeKCT T3B. "BapcKor AeTonHca" (n03HaTor H Kao ,,1\eTonHc
nona ,llyKIbaHHHa").
Aemonuca nona J{yJcJbaHuHa y lleAY MaBpa Op6HHHja
npeBooelbe cpnCKor HMeHa y CAOBeHCKO, CHCTeMaTCKH cnpOBe­
,n:eHO y "KpalbeBCTBY CAOBeHa" MaBpa Op6HHHja, npOlIIHpeHO H Ha ce­
BepHa nAeMeHa, He npe,n:CTaBlba npBy KaMnalbY Te BpCTe. JOlII y BpeMe
MaKCHMaAHe eKcnaH3Hje PHMCKor u.apCTBa H HapO"fHTO nOCAe lberoBe
24 OJIbra AKl1MOBa: "CnaBHHCKl1e ,npeBHOCTl1 B rpy,nax IOPl1H KptDKaHl1Qa", c. 46-47,
SLOVO. SV. 56-57 (2006-'07), s. 39-56, Zagreb, 2008.
25 S. Sarnicus: "Descriptio veteris et novae Poloniae", p. 43-44, Cracoviae, 1585.
26 lOBaH I1. ,lJ,epemfl, ,lJ,paroJby6 n. AHmfl: ,,McTOpl1ja Cp6a l1 Pyca - npaHapo,na
EBpone, npsa Kfhlira", c. 586-594, rUHeuw lOly6, Fieorpa,n, 2013.
19
 -
no,neAe H TOKOM npOIl.eCa paCna,nafba 3ana,nHOr PHMcKor Il.apCTBa, Ha­
CTaO je MaHHp KO,n PHMCKHX H pOMejcKHx nHCaIl.a ,na ce 6pojHa TIAeMeHa
CeBepHO O,n CaBe H JlyHaBa TpeTHpajy y3 HrHOpHCafbe 6HTHHje Be3e ca
CpO,nHHM nAeMeHHMa jpKHO O,n Te rpaHHIl.e. Pa3A03H 3a TaKaB nOCTynaK
H HHCY 6HAH 3AOHaMepHH, Ben cy o,npffiKaBaAH CYIllTHHCKY pa3AHKY Me­
Oy THM TIAeMeHHMa. HaKO cy 6HAH CpO,nHH no je3HKY, BepH H HapO'IHTO
06H'IajHMa H MHToAorHjH, jpKHa TIAeMeHa cy O,nyBeK npeTe:lKHO 3eMIbO­
pa,nHH'IKa, a ceBepHa nAeMeHa cy y CTaAHOM nOKpeTy ca jaKoM CTO'Iap­
CKO-HOMa,nCKOM KOMnOHeHTOM H paTHH'IKOM opraHH3aIl.HjoM. TOKOM He­
KOAHKO BeKOBa cy OBa nAeMeHa CTaAHH reHepaTOp HajaMHH'IKHX BOjCKH
3a PHMCKO Il.apCTBO, IllTO KacHHje npepaCTa y CHCTeM cPe,nepaTa H 3a'Ie­
TaK HOBHX ,np:lKaBa. POMejcKH H3BOPH npaBe jacHY pa3AHKY KO,n KOPHIll­
nefba Ha3HBa 3a OBa TIAeMeHa, TaKO ,na Cp6e jpKHO o,n CaBe H JlyHaBa
Ha3HBajy 3aBH'IajHHM H nAeMeHCKHM HMeHHMa (lleAaCTH, HAHPH, )laA­
MaTH, lleOHH, llaHOHH, MaKe,noHIl.H, TpH6aAH, Me3H, reTH, )laKH, Cap­
6H, Cap,nH, Ap,nHejH, Tpa'IaHH, PaIllaHH), ,nOK ceBepHe paTHH'IKe rpyne
Ha3HBajy CapMaTHMa, CKHTHMa, )laKHMa, )laIl.HjaHHMa, reTHMa, rOTH­
Ma, repMaHHMa, BeH,nHMa, BaH,naAHMa, BepAHMa, PyrHjIl.HMa, CBeBHMa,
06pHMa, ABapHMa HT,n. Ka,na nOMHfbY CAOBeHe (nO'IeB o,n VI BeKa), YBeK
ce MO:lKe jacHo yO'IHTH ,na ce pa,nH 0 HOMa,ncKo-paTHH'IKHM nAeMeHHMa,
'IHMe ce pa3AHKYjy o,n 3eMlbOpal(HH'IKHX nAeMeHa YHYTap UapcTBa.
BHAO 6H AOrH'IHO ,na ce KO,n H3y-qaBafba HCTOpHje Cp6a o36H1bHO
YBffiKaBa cnHC no HMeHY "l\eTonHc nona }lyK1baHHHa", aAH TO HHje CAy­
'Iaj, jep fberOB ca,np:lKaj HHje 3a,nOBOlbaBaO KOHCTPYKIl.Hje KacHHje npaB­
lbeHe HaBo,nHe xpBaTCKe HCTopHje, a HapO'IHTO HHje 6HO y carAaCHOCTH
ca HaBo,nHOM npH'IOM KOHCTaHTHHa VII lloPcPHporeHHTa, ca KOjOM cy no
CBaKY Il.eHY npaBlbeHH KOMnpOMHCH Ben o,n ,npyre nOAOBHHe XVIII BeKa,
a TO je 3anO'IeTO TaKO IllTO je HaMepHO npaBlbeHO MeIllafbe ,nHHaCTHja
npe,nHeMafbHnCKe Cp6Hje H ,nHHacTHje BeAHKHX :lKYnaHa PaIllKe, Koja je
6HAa BeAHKa :JoKYTIaHHja y OKBHPY IllHpe cpnCKe ,np:lKaBe 27 . OBOM 36pKOM
je npaBlbeH npHBH,n nocTojafba HeKaKBe XpBaTCKe ,np:lKaBe y TOM nepH­
o,ny, HaKO ce y fl.emonucy nona JI.YK.!bal-tWW jacHo BH,nH ,na je XrJBaTCKa
6HAa TepHTOpHjaAHO MaAa 6aHOBHHa y OKBHPY Te HCTe ,np:lKaBe H ,na
fbeHH ynpaBlba'IH yrAaBHoM H HHCy 6HAH XpBaTH.
H3BOPHH PYKonHC fl.emonuca nona JI.YK.!baHUHa, npeMa YBO,nHH­
KY cnHca KaKaB HaM je ,naHac n03HaT, Mopao je 6HTH HanHcaH Ha cpn­
CKOM je3HKY H nHcaH CTapHM cpnCKHM nHCMOM. HMe Cp6H je npHAHKOM
npeBooefba Ha AaTHHCKH CHCTeMaTCKH 3aMefbeHO ca rOTH, HajBepoBaT­
HHje no Ta,naIllfbHM CMepHHIl.aMa H3 BaTHKaHa. Op6HHH nocTyna no HO­
BHM CMepHHIl.aMa H3 BaTHKaHa - CBe Ha3HBe rOTH aMefbyje HaSHBHMa
CAOBeHH. Je,nHOCTaBHO pe'IeHO, OB,ne je O'IHrAe,naH KOHTHHYHTeT H
CTaAHH paCT aneTHTa BaTHKaHa: y npBHM BeKOBHMa nOCAe lliH3Me, Il.H1b
je 6HO ,na ce npOIllHpH yTHIl.aj Ha XeAMCKO (BaAKaHCKO) nOAYOCTpBO, a
KaKO cy Cp6H 6HAH HCTpajHH y CBOM HenpH3HaBafbY Te jYPHc,nHKIl.Hje
(Kao HH rp'IKe ,nOMHHaIl.Hje), HMeHOM rOTH je Tpe6aAo nocreneHo 6PH­
27 n.
JOBaH l1. )J,epernh, )J,paroJby6 AHrnh: "l1cTopHja Cp6a H Pyca - npaHapo,na
EBpone, ,npyra KlbHra", c. 525-530, TGfleUla /07y6, Eeorpa,n, 2013.
20
caTH cpncKY HCTOPHjy H H,neHTHTeT. KacHHje je TO nOCTaAO He,nOBOlbHO,
na je Ben HaMeTHYTO HMe CAOBeHH nOCTaAO noro,nHO ,na ce 'IHTaBa MeTO­
,nOAorHja noHOBO HCKOPHCTH H ,na ce ynoTpe6H Kao 06pa3aIl. 3a MHHH­
MH3aIl.Hjy HCTopHje CBHX CAOBeHa H fbHXOBY napIl.HjaAH3aIl.Hjy Ha BHme
Hapo,na H npOrAaIllaBafbe sa ,nOIlllbaKe Ha CBOjHM npOCTopHMa.
CMaTpa ce ,na je "l\eTonHc nona }lyK1baHHHa" HaCTao y ,npyroj
nOAOBHHH XII BeKa. CaM ayTop y yBO,ny HaBo,nH, ,na je npeBeo ca
"CAOBeHCKor" Ha AaTHHCKH nOCTojenH "CnHC 0 rOTHMa" (Libellum Gotho­
rum), KOjH ce Ha AaTHHCKOM Ha3HBa "Regnum Sclavorum"28. Y OBOj
H3jaBH Tpe6a yO'IHTH BeOMa BffiKHy 'IHH..eHHu.y: Cnuc 0 TomUMa ce "Ha
AaTHHCKOM Ha3HBa" Regnum Sclavorum, Tj. nOCTojH 3HaK je,nHaKOCTH
H3MeOY Ha3HBa Tomu H C.1l.OeeHU. H3jaBa ca,np:lKH H no,naTaK, ,na je
H3BOpHH TeKCT nocTojao npe Tora H Ha "CAOBeHCKOM" je3HKY, aAH ayTop
oBaj je3HK He Ha3HBa "roTCKHM". Ca rAe,nHIllTa HOBHjHX HCTOpH'Iapa,
OBa TBpl(fba He ca,np:lKH HHKaKBY 6HTHY HHcPopMaIl.Hjy H peSYATaT je
CTHACKor 06AHKOBafba yBo,na y cnHC, O,nHOCHO, npHMeHOM 'IHTaBe MeH­
TaAHe aKp06aTHKe OHH nOKYIllaBajy ,na 06e3Bpe,ne oBaj no,naTaK. Ca
rAe,Z:(HIllTa HaIlle CTy,nHje, JlyKlbaHHHOB yBO,n je BpAO HHcPopMaTHBaH H
nOTBpoyje ,na ce KO,n AaTHHCKHX ayTopa no,n nojMoBHMa "rOTH" H "CAO­
BeHH" no,npa3yMeBajy HOMa,nCKH paTHHIl.H, KOjH yna,najy ca ceBepa, Meoy
HCTOPO,nHO CTaHOBHHIllTBO, Koje ce KO,n OBHX ayTopa yo6H'IajeHo Ha­
3HBajy "l1AHpHMa" H "JlaAMaTHMa".
O'IHrAe,nHO je ,na je y BpeMe HaCTaHKa TOr cnHC OBO H3je,nHa'IaBa­
fbe Ha3HBa Tomu H C.noeeHu 6HAO HOPMaAHO. TH60p )KHBKoBHn y KO­
MeHTapHMa yrrope,nHor H3,nafba OBor cnHca, no,n Ha3HBOM "Gesta regum
Sclavorum", YO'IaBa OBY nojaBY H3jel(Ha'IaBafba Ha3HBa ,np:lKaBe rOTa H
CAOBeHa H YKa3yje Ha jom HeKe 3aHHMlbHBe 'IHfbeHHIl.e. OH HaBo,nH HaT­
nHC, KojH je nocTOjao Y l103HafbY Ha rpo6y nOlbCKor Kpalba EOAeCAaBa
Xpa6por (YMPO 1025. ro,nHHe), HCTHqynH ,na je TO je,nHHH TaKaB n03HaTH
3anHC, OCHM YBo,nHe pe'IeHHIl.e KO,n }lyK1baHHHa. Taj HaTnHC rAaCH: " ...tu
possedisti, velut athleta Christi, Sclavorum, Gotthorum seu Polono­
rum"29. )KHBKoBHn TaKOoe HaBO,nH HHTepecaHTHY 'IHfbeHHu.y, HaBe,neHY
y eHrAeCKOM H3BOPY, npeMa KOMe ce y THTyAH ,naHCKHX KpalbeBa Ha3HB
CAoBeHa H rOTa ,np:lKe 3aje,nHO Ha npHMepy nHCMa IllKOTCKor Kpalba
UeMca IV ,naHCKOM KpalbY JoxaHY 1506. ro,nHHe, Y KOMe OH Ka:lKe: "Illus­
trissimo ... principi Johanni, Dei clementia Daciae, Sueciae, Norvegiae,
Sclavorum et Gothorum Slesuiatiae..."3o
"l\eTOnHC nona JlyKlbaHHHa" ce KO,n HOBHjHX HCTOpH'Iapa, no­
60pHHKa TeopHje 0 ,nocelbaBafbY Cp6a Ha XeAMcKo nOAyocTPBO, cMaTpa
HenoY3,naHHM H3BOPOM H OMaAOBffiKaBa ce Ha pa3He Ha'IHHe. THnH'IaH
je npHMep xpBaTCKor HCTOpH'Iapa <pep,na lliHillHna, KojH Y KOMeHTa­
28
JIeTonHc nona )J,YKJbaHlfHa, c. 107, Ilpoceema - CpncKa KltJUJlCe611a 3adpyza,
Eeorpa,n, 1988.
29 "Gesta regurn ScIavorurn", ype,nHHK TH60p )l(HBKOBHh, 113BopH 3a cpncKy HCTOPHjy
Klh. 7, JIarnHcKH H3BOPH Klb. 1, TOM II: KOMeHTap (TH6op )l(HBKoBHn), c. 65,
30
HcmopujcKu uHcmumym -- MaHacmup Ocmpo2, Eeorpa,n, 2009.
l1CTO
21
 --
pHMa H3,naa.a OBOI' CnHCa31 Ha CpnCKOM je3HKY, IlITO ,neTaJhHO UHTHpa H
npHpeDHBaq HajHoBHjeI' llpOCeemUH02 Ji3,naIba, Beh y npBoj peqeHHUH
.llj:K:l:baHHHOBOr cnHca "OTKpHBa HeAOI'HqHOCT", KOHCTaTyjyhH ,na nana
f'eAa:3UO JI,pyzu lKHBH y XII BeKY H HHje caapeMeHHK pOMejcKOI' uapa
ATaHacHja. THMe Ha CaMOM nOqeTKY AHCKpe,nHTyje ,llyKlhaHHHOBY 03­
6HlbHOCT, jep OH, eTO, ce6H BpeMeHcKH 6AHCKOI' nany npeMeiliTa y BHIlIe
o,n ce,naM BeKOBa .ny6lby npoiliAOCT. OBa IIIHIlIHheBa aHaAH3a je npe,nMeT
npaBe MaAe CTy,nHje ayTeHTHqHOCTH Tor Haao,na y OpHrHHaAHOM PYKonH­
cy, H3Be,neHa o,n CTpaHe npHpeDHBaqa HajHoBHjeI' llpoCeemUH.02 H3,na­
Iba32 . MeDyTHM, je,nHOCTaBHHM norAe,nOM Ha AHCTY PHMCKHX nana H ro­
,nHHe IbHXOBor CTOAOBaIba, YOqaBa ce ,na ce oB,ne PaAH 0 CTBapHOM ca­
BpeMeHHKY uapa ATaHacHja, nanH CeemOM f'eJt.a:3ujy. npOCTOM rpeIlI­
KOM y npenHcHBaIbY cKpaheHHue Sancto - Seto, MOI'Aa je 6e3 HKaKBe 3Ae
HaMepe HaCTaTH 3aMeHa cKpaheHHuoM 3a JIpyzu, Secundo - Scdo. Ha­
nOMeHHMO jOill H ,na je HenpaBe,nHo 3aHeMapeHH MHAOill C. MHAojeBHh
HcnpaBHo HaBeo ,na je oBaj nana, Kora OH Ha3HBa reAaAHe, "nOCTao
nana 491. a YMpo 496. ro,nHHe"33, IlITO YKa3yje Ha nOCTojaa.e TaqHOI'
no,naTKa y ,noCTynHoj AHTepaTypH H Ha 3AoHaMepHoCT CYMIbH y
H,neHTHTeT nane, ca UH1heM ,nHcKpe,nHTaUHje .llj:K:l:baHHHoBor cnHca.
HajHoBHje ynope,nHo H3,naH:.e "AeTonHca nona .llj:K:l:baHHHa" MCTO­
PHjCKOI' HHCTHTyTa CAHY H MaHaCTHpa OCTPOI' Ha cpncKoM je3HKY, no,n
Ha3HBOM "Gesta regum Sclavorum"34, npe,nCTaBlba 036H1haH HCKopaK y
036H1hHOM HayqHoM npHCTyrry, Hey06HqajeH KO,n cpnCKHX Mo,nepHHX
HCTOpHqapa. Ynope,nHH TeKCT ,nBa AaTHHCKa H3Bopa, Kao H xpBaTCKH H
cpnCKH npeBO,n, nPYlKajy HCTpaJKHBaqy MoryhHOCT 3a 036H1hHO ynope­
DHBaa.e noje,nHHHX peqeHHua. YCTO, KOMeHTapH HHCY y06HqajeHo 060je­
HH OMaAOBaJKaBaIbeM OBor H3Bopa. TaKo je HcnpaBHO KOHCTaTOBaHO
HMe nane reAa3Hja, y3 onacKY ,na ce rpeiliKa jaBlba y CTapHM AaTHHCKHM
npenHCHMa, a noce6HO je aHaAH3HpaH pa,n xpBaTCKor HCTOpHqapa c:f>ep­
,na IIIHIlIHha H YKa3aHO je Ha IbeI'OBe rpeiliKe H norpeiliHa YKa3HBaIba
Ha cPaACHqlHKaTe, Kao H npeBHIlIe Tpy,na OKO ,nOKa3HBaIba ,na "AeTonHC"
nOTHqe H3 XII BeKa ()KHBKOBHh CMaTpa ,na je ,naHac n03HaTa Bep3Hja H3
XIV BeKa H ,na je ,neAO 6apCKO-JJ:.YKlhaHCKor apxHenHcKona Py,nrepa,
qeIlIKOI' nopeK.l\a). OB,ne ce HeheMo BHIlIe ynyiliTaTH y,neTaJhe OBe aHa­
AH3e "AeTonHca nona ,llyKlhaHHHa", O,nHOCHO "Gesta regum Sclavorum",
jep BehHHa ,neTaJha He HI'pa 6HTHY yAOry 3a OBY aHaAH3y.
31 c:f>ep,110 IIIHIIUdi: "JIeTonllc nona JJ:yKJbaHJiHa", Jloce6Ha U30al-ba CAR, KlhHra
LXVII, Eeorpa,n - 3arpe6, 1928.
32 JIeTonllC nona JJ:yKJbaHHHa, c. 149-150, JlpocBema - CpncKa Kl-bU:JICeBHa .1aopyza,
Eeorpa,n, 1988.
33 MHJlOlU C. MllJIojeBllli: "O,llJIOMI~H llcTOpHje Cp6a II cpncKllx-jyroCJIaBeHCKHX 3eMa­
Jba y TypcKoj H AYCTPHjll", II CBeCKa, c. 14, ,4p:JICaBHa Ulma!,mapuja, Eeorpa,ll,
1872. (nocTOjll H cpoToTHncKo H3,llaIhe ll3 1994. rO,llllHe)
34 "Gesta regum Sc1avorum", ype,llHHK TH60p )l(HBKOBHli, l-bBOPll 3a cpncKY llCTOPlljy
Klh. 7, JIaTllHcKll H3BOpll KIh. 1, TOM I: KPHTH'l.KO ll3,llaIhe H npeBO,ll (npllpe,llHJIa II
npeBeJIa JJ:paraHa KYHqep); TOM II: KOMeHTap (Tll6op )l(HBKOBllli), HcmopujcKu
ullcmumym MaHacmup Ocmpoz, Eeorpa,n, 2009.
22
npHAHKOM nHcaIba "KpaJheBCTBa CAoBeHa", MaBpo Op6HHH je
Morao HMaTH Ha paCnOAaI'aIbY BHIlIe Bep3Hja npenHca "AeTonHca nona
,llyKlhaHHHa". Je,naH o,n IbHX je 1510. ro,nHHe npHpe,nHo ,lly6pOBqaHHH
MapKo MapYAHh, Ha OCHOBY paHHjeI' (,naHac H3ry6lbeHOI') npenHca CBOI'
pODaKa, cnAHTCKOI' nAeMHha ,lloMHHHKa nanaAHha. ,llpyrH npenHC je
1546. ro,nHHe y OMHillY npHpe,nHo JepoAHM KaAeTHh, KopHcTehH TaKO­
De, KaKO caM HaBo,nH, nanaAHheB TeKCT, HaCTao Ha OCHOBY "nHCMa" Koje
je npOHailiao y KpajHHH ("y MapKOBHh") "y je,nHe KIbHre nHcaHe xap­
BaUKHM nHCMOM"35. KpajeM XVI BeKa je HaCTaAO jOill HeKOAHKO npenHca
OBOI' TeKCTa 36. MnaK, aHaAH3e TH60pa )KHBKoBHha YKa3yjy Ha qHIbe­
HHUY ,na THX npenHca HHje 6HAO MHOI'O H ,na je npaKTHqHO Op6HHHjeB
TeKCT npBa KOMIIAeTHa Bep3Hja OBOI' cnHca.
OB,ne Tpe6a HCTahH, ,na ca rAe,nHiliTa HallIe aHaAH3e, ,nOCTa Heo­
6HqHO 3ByqH HaBO,n npHnHcaH KaAeTHhy 0 HeKaKBOM "xapBaUKOM nHC­
MY", jep ce TO He YKAana y CTHA KaTOAHqKHX ayTOpa Tora BpeMeHa. EHAO
6H npHpo,nHHje ,na je ynOTpe6lbeH H3pa3 "CAOBeHCKO nHCMO", HAH "rOTCKO
nHCMO", KaKO je TO Ta,na 6HAO yo6HqajeHo, YMecTO H3pa3a KOjH je Yiliao
KO,n xpBaTCKHX HCTOpHqapa y onTHuaj MHOro KacHHje. HarAaCHMO H
BalKHY qHIbeHHUY, ,na MapKO MapyAHh TaKODe TBp,nH ,na je npeBeo TeKCT
Ha OCHOBY nanaAHheBOr npenHca, 0 qeMY I'OBOPH y nHCMY nanaAHhy
1510. ro,nHHe (Koje AyqHh HaBo,nH y YBO,nHOM ,neAy MapYAHheBe xpo­
HHKe): "Commentariolum a te in Craina nuper repertum inter vetustis­
simas gentis illius scripturas, dalmatico idiomate compositum, tuo ro­
gatu latinum feci, Croatiae Dalmatiaeque regum gesta continentem; res
certe digno relatu et quam non solum nostrae vernaculae linguae gnari,
sed etiam Latini intelligant"37. M3 OBor nHCMa ce jacHo BH,nH ,na ce PaAH
o ,,AaAMaTCKOM je3HKY", na je npHAHqHO jacHo ,na je TepMHH ,,xapBaUKo
nHcMo" HaKHa,nHO npHnHcaHo KaAeTHhy. AKo CTBapHo nOCTOjH OBaKaB
Haao,n y OpHI'HHaAy H3 1546. ro,nHHe, 6HAO 6H KopeKTHo ,na je c:f>paIbo
PaqKH Ha3Bao KaAeTHha "npaoueM xpBaTcKe nOBHjecHe 3HaHoCTH", jep
OBaKaB TeKCT ca nOMHIbaa.eM ,,AaAMaTCKOr je3HKa" UHTHpa caM MBaH
AyqHh, "OTau xpBaTCKe nOBHjecHe 3HaHOCTH" npeMa PaqKOM.
Ha 6a3H qHIbeHHua H3 HallIe cry,nHje 38 , nOKa3yje ce ,na ce KO,n,lly­
KlhaHHHOBor cnHca pa,nH y BeOMa BalKHOM HCTOPHjCKOM H3BOpy, KOjH HH
6pOjHHM npeBODeIbHMa, ,nOpa,naMa , H3MeHa Ha3HBa 3a Hapo,ne H je3HKe
HHje H3ry6HO CYIlITHHCKY HHcPopMaUHjy. To nOTBPDyje H KacHHja yno­
Tpe6a OBOI' cnHca KO,n MaBpa Op6HHHja H HH3a KaTOAHqKHX ayTopa.
CBH OHH nOKYIIIaBajy ,na oBaj cnHC HCKopHCTe 3a nojaqaBaa.e HeKHX
CBOjHX H,neja, aAH He cnope IberOBY HcnpaBHOCT y nOI'Ae.ny TaqHOCTH
onHCHBaIba HCTOPHjCKHX qHIbeHHua, HaKO CBH OHH pacnOAalKY 06H1heM
35 JIeTomlc nona JJ:yKJbaHI1Ha, C. 10, Jlpocl3ema - CpncKa Kl-bU:JICel3lla 3aopyza,
Eeorpa,n, 1988.
36 MCTO
37 Joannes Lucius: "De regno Dalmatiae et Croatiae libri sex", p. 303, Amstelaedami,
apud Ioannem Blaev, 1666.
38 JOBaH H. JJ:epemli, JJ:paroJby6 n. AHmli: "MCTopllja Cp6a 11 Pyca npaHap0,lla
EBpone, ,llpyra KlhHra", c. 525-530, f'alleUla /G~y6, Eeorpa,ll, 2013.
23
 -------
)J,pyrRX RCTOPRjCKHX R3Bopa. MHorR 3aKlbyq:o.R rrpRrra)J,HRKa cprrCKe
aYTOXTOHRCTR'iKe lIIKOAe cy 3aCHOBaHR Ha RCTHM R3BopRMa, Koje cy
TOKOM BRIlIe BeKOBa KOPRCTI1AR 6pOjHR je3YRTCKR ayTopH CBaKaKO rro
rrAaHOBRMa BaTRKaHa. fhRMa HHje 6RO :o.Rlb )J,a rrO)J,CTR'iY Ha:o.ROHaAHR
rrperropo)J, KO)J, CAOBeHa, aAR HRCY MorAH caCBRM 3aHeMapRTR HeKe O'iR­
rAe)J,He 'iRIbeHR:o.e 0 Cp6RMa R CAOBeHRMa. 3aTO cy IbHXOBR TeKCTOBR
rrpOTKaHR )J,OKa3RMa Koje R3Hoce H CAOBeHCKH HCTOpH'iapR.
To je HMaAO cBoje pa3Aore H y Ben aHaAH3HpaHOM rrpo:o.ecy rro)J,­
Bol)eIba CBRX CAOBeHa rro)J, jypRC)J,HKlI.Rjy BaTRKaHa, Kp03 KOHTpOAHCa­
HR Ha:o.HOHaAHH rrperropo)J, IIa/-Lc.JlaBU3aM. rrOKpeHYT y XVI BeKY R HHTeH­
3RBRpaH KpajeM XVIII H rrO'ieTKOM XIX. TeK y rrOCAe)J,IbRX 200 ro)J,RHa je
CHara H3BpTaIba H CPaACHcpHKoBaIba RCTopHjCKRX 'iRIbeHH:o.a rrO'ieAa )J,a
)J,aje OCeTHe pe3YATaTe - Ha IlITeTY Cp6a H Pyca R )J,pyrRX CAOBeHa. Y TY
CBpXy cy pRMOKaTOAH'-l:KR HCTOpH'iapR KOPRPRCTHAH CTapHje cpaACHqm­
KaTe R HOBRje pa)J,OBe 3aCHOBaHe Ha TRM CPaACHcpRKaTRMa. I1cToBpe­
MeHO cy ~IbaAH corrCTBeHe CTapRje CTY)J,Rje, y KojRMa je YAora Cp6a y
RCTOPRjR EBporre 6I1Aa 3HaTHO peaAHRje rrpRKa3aHa.
CeHRa KOHCTaHTHHa VII Uopci»HporeHHTa H8,Zl
"Kpan.eBcTBoM CAoBeHa" MaBpa Op6HHHja
JyrocAoBeHCKR ayTopR XX BeKa cy RMaAH BeAHKR rrp06AeM ca
"KpalbeBCTBOM CAOBeHa" Maapa Op6RHRja, jep ce OBO )J,eAO HRje yKAa­
rraAO y Ta)J,a Ben )J,ecpRHRTRBHO 3aTBopeHY KOHCTPYK:o.Hjy 0 HaBO)J,HOM
)J,ocelbaBaIbY Cp6a R )J,pyrRx JpKHRX CAOBeHa Ha )J,aHaIlIIbe rrpocTope y
VII BeKY y BpeMe (R rro )J,03BOAH) pOMejcKor :o.apa I1paKARja, Koja je
rrporAaIlIeHa ,je)J,RHoM RCTOPRjCKOM RCTRHOM" H )J,orMaTR30BaHa.
113Y3eTHo je Ba}KHa 'iRIbeHR:o.a tta crrRC "De Administrando Imperio",
rrpRrrRcaH pOMejcKoM :o.apy KOHCTaHTRHY VII ITopcpRporeHHTY39 R3 X
BeKa, rrpe)J,CTaBlba je)J,RHR rrRcaHR RCTOPRjCKH R3BOP Y KOMe <;~. TBP)J,R
)J,a cy ce Cp6H yorrIlITe RKa)J,a )J,oceARAH Ha XeAMcKo nOAyocTpBO. TOM
)J,oKYMeHTY ce 0)J, cTpaHe )J,aHac Ba}Kene RCTopRjcKe llIKOAe )J,aje 'iaK R
CHara "cBe)J,O'ieIba caBpeMeHRKa", RaKO je HanRcaH 330 ro)J,RHa nOCAe
Tor HaBO)J,Hor )J,oral)aja.
Y3 06Hlbe KOHTPa)J,HKTOPHOCTH y CaMOM cnHCY H HeCAaraIbe ca
)J,pyrHM HCTOpHjCKHM H3BopHMa npe, 3a BpeMe H rrOCAe }KHBOTa HaBO)J,­
Hor aYTopa, HCTopHja caMor crrHca je BpAO TajaHcTBeHa H YKa3yje Ha BP­
AO 036HlbHO CPaACHcpHKHBaIbe . .lleTalbHa CTY)J,Hja KOMTIAeTHOr cnHca H
IberOBHX rroje)J,HHOCTR (y3 rropel)eIbe ca BeAHKHM 6pojeM )J,pyrHx HCTO­
PRjCKHX H3Bopa) YKa3aAa je Ha 036HlbHY MorynHoCT npepa)J,e H3BopHor
cnHca H cpa6pRKOBaIha caCBHM )J,pyra'iHje 06AHKOBaHOr cnHca, KOjH je
39 Constantini Imperatoris Porphyrogeniti De administrando imperio: ad Romanvm F.
Liber nunquam antehac editus. Ioannes Mevrsivs primus vulgavit, latinam
interpretationem ac notas adjecit, Ex officina typographica Iohannis Balduini,
Impensis Ludovici Elzeviri, Lugdunum Batavorum, 1611.
24
,...
rrpIHmcaH KOHcTaHTRHY VII ITopqmporeHRTY40 . HOBRje aHaAR3e aq:mp­
MRcaHor BR3aHTOAora TR60pa )KRBKoBRna, Koje neMO OB)J,e rrOMeH}'TR,
rroKa3yjy )J,a je CPaACRcpRKOBaIhe MorAO )J,a ce )J,eCR H MHOro paHHje, 'iaK
H y BpeMe HaCTaHKa crrHca, Ka)J,a je )J,aHac He)J,ocTyrrHH AaTHHCKR TeKCT
KopHIlineH Kao H3BOP, I1AH je MeXaHR'iKH rrpH)J,O)J,aT (Kao Pa)J,HR MaTepR­
jaA, MO}K)J,a H O)J, CTpaHe caMor :o.apa, I1AR My je rrpH)J,O)J,aT H rrpR H3pa)J,R
KacHHjer rrpHrrHca YHeT y TeKCT, lIITO je MorAO )J,a ce )J,eCH H Herrocpe)J,HO
rrOCAe :o.apeBe CMPTH, HAH TOKOM Hape)J,HHx 100-120 ro)J,HHa).
ITRTaIbe ITopcpRporeHHToBor crrRca Ha rrpBR rrorAe)J, HeMa MHoro
Be3e ca Op6RHRjeBRM )J,eAOM, aAH TO rrRTaH>e je O)J, R3Y3eTHor 3Ha'iaja 3a
O)J,HOC RCTOpR'iapa rrpeMa Op6RHRjy, jep je Op6RHR y OlIITPOj cyrrpoT­
HOCTR ca IbRM. OHR TO 'iHHe rrOKYIlIaBajynH )J,a rro CBaKY :o.eHY 0)J,6paHe
ITopcpRporeHRTOB crrRC Kao ,je)J,RHY RCTOPRjCKY RCTRHY", jep je OH Klbyq­
Ha R CYIlITRHCKH je)J,RHa Ta'iKa OCAOH:o.a )J,aHac Ba}Kener MRIlIlbeIba 0
)J,ocelbaBaIbY Cp6a Ha Ca)J,aIIIIbe rrpOCTope y VII BeKY. OBaKBoj )J,orMR ce
036RlbHO rrpOTRBe MHore 'iHIbeHH:o.e R3 HCTOPRjCKHX CTY)J,Rja H R3 6poj­
HRX )J,pyrRx HaYKa, a Op6RHRjeBo )J,eAO crra)J,a Mel)y Haj3Ha'iajHRje CTY­
)J,Rje, Koje cy 0 Y36HlbHOj KOAR3HjR ca TaKBHM KOHCTpYK:o.HjaMa.
O)J, TpeHyTKa Ka)J,a je crrHC De Administrando Imperio rrpBR rryT
lIITaMrraH 1611. ro)J,RHe, rrO'iRIbe IberOB HecYMIbRB R rrpe)J,RMeH3ROHR­
paH yTR:o.aj Ha RCTOpR'iape. ITo CAe rOTOBO 'iRTaBOr BeKa 6ecrroroBopHor
rrpRXBaTaIba CBRX IberOBHX HaBO)J,a, y3 peTKe KpRTH'iKe KOMeHTape He­
KRX HecarAaCHRX R HejacHRx HaaO)J,a, TeK rrOCAe)J,Ibe )J,e:o.eHRje )J,OHoce R
036RlbHHje aHaAR3e, Koje YKa3yjy Ha CYIlITRHCKe rrp06AeMe y Be3R ca
IbRM, 'iaK R aKO caMa aHaAH3a TO HRje RMaAa 3a rrpBeHCTBeHR :o.Hlb. .lla
6H ce 60lbe pa3YMeAo Op6RHRjeBo )J,eAo R O)J,HOC HCTOpR'iapa HOBHjRX
BpeMeHa rrpeMa IbeMY, Tpe6a cKpeHYTR rra}KIbY Ha HeKe OCHOBHe 'iHIbe­
HH:o.e H3 )J,peBHe cprrCKe HCTopRje, Koje rroCTajy BpAO jacHe rrpHAHKOM
MYATR)J,Rc:o.HrrAHHapHOr rrOBe3HBaIba pe3YATaTa BeAHKOr 6poja HaYKa
(HapO'iHTO rrpRpO)J,HHX H er3aKTHHX), Koje ce rroTBpl)yjy KP03 MHore ap­
xeOAOIlIKe HaAa3e H 3anHce y aHTR'-I:KHM, cpe)J,IbOBeKOBHHM H KacHRjRM
HCTOPRjCKHM R3BopRMa R CTY)J,HjaMa. 41 Ca rAe)J,HIlITa THX aHaAH3a,
Op6RHHjeBe TBp)J,Ibe )J,06Hjajy caCBHM )J,pyra'iRjy )J,RMeH3Hjy, IlITO je R
AOrR'iHO, aKO ce Y3Me y 063RP BeARKR 6poj H3Bopa Koje je KOpRCTHO.
POMejcKH :o.ap KOHCTaHTRH VII ITopcpRporeHRT (KUlvomv1i.vos Z
ITopc:pupoyewrrros), }KRBeO je O)J, 905. )J,O 959. ro)J,RHe. Y rrOAHTR'iKOM
CMRCAY, crra)J,a y MaAO 3Ha'iajHe BAa)J,ape POMejcKor :o.apcTBa, jep cy O)J,
IberoBe 6. rO)J,RHe }KRBOTa HerrpeKH)J,Ho 34 rO)J,RHe y IberOBO RMe BAa)J,a­
AH HaMeCHR:o.R, a CaMOCTaAHO je BAa)J,ao CaMO 14 rrOCAe)J,IbRX rO)J,RHa}KR­
BOTa. Y TOM CMRCAY, 6eCMRCAeHa je CBaKa H)J,eja 0 HeKaKBoj "rroTpe6R"
)J,a CBOMe CRHY "rrpeHece RCKYCTBO y BAa)J,aIbY )J,p}KaBOM", IlITO je HaBO)J,­
40 JOBaH I1. .ll.epeTHn, .ll.paroJhy6 11. AHmll, CJI060~aH M. JapqeBHll: ,,1II3MHillJheHO
~OCeJhaBaH.e Cp6a", EKOJlOmKU nOKpem zpada H060Z Cada, HOBH CM, 2008;
~pyro HeH3MeIheHO H3~aIDe: Capdomlja, Eeorpa~; TPene KopHroBaHO H ~on)'H>eHO
H3~aIhe: FaHema KJly6 Edulfuja, EeorpM, 2012.
41 JOBaH III. .ll.epemll, .ll.paroJhy6 11. AHTHn: "lIIcTopHja Cp6a H Pyca rrpaHapo~a
EBporre, ~pyra KIhHra", c. 579-606, FaHema lG~y6, EeorpM, 2013.
25
 - ------
Ha CBpXa IberoBor HajBaJKHMjer CTIIiCa, 3a KOjM ce ycnyT HarAalIIaBa Aa
HMje paoeH Kao MCTopMjcKa CTyAMja. KOHCTaHTMH VII ITopq:lMpOreHMT je
HanMcao cBoje AeAO De Administrando Imperio (0 ynpaBlhaIby u.apcTBoM)
M3MeOY 948. M 952. rOAMHe. ITpeMa aHaAM3M UOHa EjypMja M3 1906.
roAMHe, Koja je ~3aAa Ha HM3 Hepa3jamIbeHMx nMTaIba, norAaBlha HM­
cy o6paOMBaHa y KOHTMRYMTeTY, Ben y pa3AM'IMTMM nepMOAMMa M3Meoy
948. M 952. roAMHe, a 20. rAaBa, BeOMa BaJKHa 3a MCTOPMjy Cp6a, o6pa­
oeHaje nOCAe CBMX APyrMX rAaBa nocBeneHMx XeAMY (EaAKaRY)42.
HajcTapMjM Ca'-IYBaHM npenMc ITopq:mporeHMToBor cnMca nOTM'-Ie
M3 BpeMeHa pOMejcKor cYBAaAapa u.e3apa JOBaHa,llyKe (AMHaCTMja,llyKa
je BAaAaAa 1059. - 1081. roAM He) M Ca'-IMHMO ra je u.apeB nOBeplhMBM ce­
KpeTap MMxaMAO, KaKO je TO Ha IbeMY 3a6eAe:lKeHO. ITpeTnoCTaBlha ce Aa
je y nepMOJlY nOCAe CMpTM ITopqmporeHMTa 959. roAMHe AO OBor ne­
pMoAa MorAO 6MTM M ApyrMx npenMca43 . OBaj pYKonMc je nO'-IeTKOM XVI
BeKa npeKo Kpcpa CTMrao y I1TaAMjy M jeAHo BpeMe je 6MO y BAacHMlIITBY
<ppaHu.ycKe KpalbMu.e KaTapMHe MeAM'-IM. Y ITapMcKY KpalbeBcKY 6M6AM­
OTeKY je Aocneo 1599. rOAMHe M OA TaAa je 06eAe:lKeH Kao Codex Pari­
sinus gr. 2009. Y MCTOPMjCKOj Hayu.M ce oBaj llapuc1\U npenuc cKpaneHo
Ha3MBa ITpeMa OBOM npenMcy je 1509. rOAMHe Ha Kpcpy AHTOHMO
Enapx (1491-1571) Ca'-IMHMO npenMc, KOjM ce npeKo XajAeA6epra 1623.
rOAMHe HalIIao y BaTMKaHcKoj 6M6AMOTeu.M, rAe je 3aBeAeH Kao Codex
Vaticanus-Palatinus gr. 126, OAHOCHO cKpaneHo pYKonMc "V"45. MAaOM
npenMc, KOjM je OCTao HeKOMTIAeTaH, M3PaAMO je AHApea ,llapMapM M3­
Meoy 1560. M 1589. roAM He M AaHac ce '-IYBa y MOAeHM. ITo3HaT je Kao
Codex Mutinensis gr. 179, OAROCHO PYKonMC "M"46. ITOCTojM M npenMC
Codex Parisinus gr. 2967, n03HaT Kao PYKonMc "F", KOjM je npenMcaH
npeMa PYKonMcy "P". ITpenMcMBaIbe je 3anO'-IeO AHToHMje Enapx, aAM je
nocao 3aBplIIMO npe 1529. roAMHe MMxaMAo ,llaMacKMH ca KpMTa 47 .
ITPBO lIITaMnaHO M3AaIbe IToP<PMporeHMToBor cnMca De Admi­
nistrando Imperio npMpeAMo je JoxaHec MeypcMjyc 1611. roAMHe y l\aj­
AeRY, npeMa PYKonMCY "V", KOjM ce y TO BpeMe jOlII YBeK HaAa3MO y
XajAeA6epry. MeypcMjyc je AeAo M3Aao ca npeBoAoM Ha AaTMHcKH je3MK
M Aao My Ha3MB De administrando imperio, KOjH ce KacHMje yCTaAMO.
OBO M3AaIbe je jOlII jeAHoM npelIITaMnaHO 1617. roAMHe 48 . KacHMje M3­
AaIbe npMpeAMo je MOHax M3 ,ay6poBHMKa AHceAMo EaHJlYpM 1711. ro­
42 J. B. Bury: "De treatise De administrando imperio", Byzantinische ZeitschriJt, B. xv,
S.5 1906.
43 Constantine Porphyrogenitus De Administrando Imperio by, greek text edited
Gyula Moravcsik and english translation by Romilly J. H. Jenkins, p. 32, Harvard
University Dumbarton Oaks Center for Byzantine Studies, Washington D. 1967.
44 MCTO, pp. 15-17
45 MCTO, pp. 21-22
46 MCTO, p. 23
47 McTO, pp. 22-23
48 Constantini Porphyrogennetae Imperatoris Opera. In qui bus Tactica nunc primum
prodeunt. Ioannes Mevrsivs coUegit, coniunxit, edidit. Ex Officina Elzeviriana.
Lugdunum Batavorum, 1617.
26
AMHe y ITapM3y49. EaHJlYpH je KopMroBao rp'-IKM TeKCT y CKAaJlY ca Haj­
CTapMjMM pYKonMcoM "P".
EaHJlYpMjeBa peAaKu.Mja je AO:lKMBeAa M ABa penpMHTa, 1729.
roAMHe y BeHeu.MjM50 M 1864. roAMHe 51 . Haj3Ha'-IajHMje M3AaIbe y XIX Be­
KY npMpeAMo je 1840. roAMHe HeMa'-IKM cpMAoAor I1MaHyeA EeKep M
H3Aao ra y qyBeHoM EOIiCKOM Kopnycy eU3aHmujcKe ucmopuo2pacjmje u
KfbUJICeeHOcmu 52 • PeAaKu.Hja rp'-IKOr TeKCTa nO'-IeAa je y BeAHKoj EPM­
TaHMjM KpajeM XIX BeKa, y3 BeAMKM AonpMHoc UOHa EjypMja, a '-IMTaB
npojeKaT cy 3aBplIIMAM UeHKMHc M MOpaB'-IMK 1949. roAMHe 53 . Y3 pe­
AMroBaHM rp'-IKM TeKCT, ypeOMBa'-IM cy OBOM M3AaIbY AOAaAM M npeBoA
Ha eHrAeCKM je3MK, a nOCAe M3AaIba y CM 1967. roAMHe, OBO je nOCTaAO
AaHaC HajBMlIIe KopMlIIneHO CTYAMjCKO M3AaIbe 54 .
3a aHaAM3Y "KpalbeBCTBa CAOBeHa" MaBpa Op6MHMja, BeOMa je
MHTepecaHTa HOBMja aHaAM3a TM60pa )KHBKoBMna, Koja nOKa3yje Aa JlY­
6pOBa'-IKM ayTopM HaBOAe nOAaTKe M3 OBor cnMca M npe IberoBor npBor
lIITaMnaHOr M3AaIba, na TaKO nocTojM IberOBO nOMMIbaIbe y Op6MHMje­
BOM AeAY, o6jaBlheHoM AeceT rOAMHa npe MeypcyjYCOBor M3AaIba ITop­
cpMporeHHTOBor cnMca55. )KMBKoBMn je nOKa3ao Aa Op6MHM He KOPMCTM
HCTe nOAaTKe, KaKBM ce HaAa3e y MeYPcMjYCOBOM M3AaIbY y 29. rAaBM,
Ben u.MTMpa IToP<PMporeHMTOBO AeAO De Foedera, iura ac societates
imperii Romani, npeMa ApnoHTaxy M3 EOPAoa M IberoBoM HaBooeIbY AeAa
Trattato delle mutatione de gli Stati, lIITO nOTBpoyje Aa ce PaAM 0
AOKYMeHTY n03HaTOM KacHMje Kao De Administrando Imperio. OBa
49 Imperium Orientale sive Antiguitates Constantinopolitanae in quatuor partes
distributae ... Opera et studio Domni Anselmi Banduri Ragusini, Presbyteri ac
Monachi Benedictini e Congregatione Melitensi. Tomus primus. pp. 53-157,
Typis et sumptibus Joannis Baptistae Coignard, Regis et Academiae Gallicae
Architypographi, Parisiis, 1711.
50 Imperium Orientale sive Antiguitates Constantinopolitanae in quatuor partes
distributae ... Opera et studio Domni Anselmi Banduri Ragusini, Presbyteri ac
Monachi Benedictini e Congregatione Melitensi. Tomus primus. pp. 45-127, Ex
Typographia Bartholomaei Javarina, Venetiis, 1729.
51 Patrologiae cursus completus... Series Graeca posterior... accurante J. P. Migne, t.
CXHL, pp. 158-422, Parisiis, 1864.
52 Constantinus Porphyrogenitus De thematibus et De administrando imperio.
Accedit Hieroclis Synecdemus cum Banduri et Wesselingii commentariis.
Recognovit Immanuel Bekkerus, Corpus scriptorum historiae Byzantinae, Volume
pp.65-270, recognovit Immanuel Bekker, Impensis ed. Wberi, Bonnae, 1840.
53 Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus (Emperor of the East): administrando imperio",
Volume 29 of Magyar-gorog tanulmanyok Volume 2: Greek text edited by Gy.
Moravcsik; English translation by R.J.H. Jenkins, pazmany Peter
Tudomanyegyetemi G6rog Filol6giai Intezet, Budapest, 1949.
54 Constantine Porphyrogenitus De Administrando Imperio by, greek text edited
Gyula Moravcsik and english translation by Romilly J. H. Jenkins, Harvard Vniv.
Dumbarton Oaks Center for Byzantine Studies, Washinf,>ton D. C, 1967.
55 Tibor Zivkovic: "Constantine Porfirogenetus and the Ragusan authors before 1611",
Historical Review, vol. LllJ (2006), pp. 145-164
27
 ~ _ _ _ _ n_
pa3AHKa H Op6HHHjeBa TBp,llJl>a ,Aa je De Foedera, iura ac societates im­
perii Romani HaCTaAa 959. rO,AHHe y:Ka3yjy Ha MorynHoCT ,Aa je I1op­
qmporeHHT IIpe,A Kpaj :HrnBOTa IIpepa,AHO oBaj CIIHC, KaKO TO 3aKlbyqyje
)KHBKOBHn. OBO IIHTalhe je jaKo BaJKHO Kao 036HlbaH apryMeHT 3a IIpe­
HCIIHTHBalhe O,AHOCa IIpeMa I1opq:mporeHHTOBOM CIIHCY, a 'lHTaAau. ce y
OBOM H3,AalhY AaKO MOJKe YII03HaTH ca THM 06HMHHM u.HTaTOM (KOjH ce
AaKO HaAa3H IIpeMa CTpaHHu.aMa OpHrHHaAa 56 ). I1opqmporeHHTOB CIIHC
ce MeOY,AamUlIlhHM HCTOpH'lapHMa CMaTpa 3a IIOBeplbHB TajHH ,AOKY­
MeHT, jep ra KacHHjH pOMejcKH H3BOPH He CIIOMHlhy. I1PHpeOHBa'l KAa­
CH'lHOr H3,Aalba H IIpeBO,AHAaU. Ha eHrAeCKH POMHAH I,IeHKHHc OBO 06­
jalIIlbaBa IIOMHlbalheM HeKHX IIO,AaTaKa 0 ApMeHHjH H u.apeBoM KpHTH­
KOM TaCTa H cyBAa,Aapa POMaHa i\aKaIIHHa, 360r 'lera ra HH KacHHjH
pOMejcKH H3BOPH He IIOMHlhy57. Y THM aHaAH3aMa ce He cyMlha y ay­
TeHTH'lHOCT caqyBaHHX IIpeIIHca, aAH BjYPHjeBa aHaAH3a H IIpe,ArOBOp
Mopas'lHKa H I,IeHKHHca YKa3yjy Ha IIoTpe6y ,Aa ce HeKa IIHTalba y Be3H
ca OBHM CIIHCOM ,AeTalbHHje pa3MOTpe.
Be3 ynylIITalha y aHaAH3Y Ta'lHOCTH HaBO,Aa KOHCTaHTHHa VII
I1opqmporeHHTa, HHTH y aHaAH3Y Op6HHHjeBHX apryMeHaTa IIPOTHB,
HeOIIXO,AHO je yO'lHTH ,Aa IIOCTOjH ,AOKa3 0 IIoCTojalhY HeKe KacHHje Bep­
3Hje I1opqmporeHHTOBor CIIHca, O,AHOCHO H3 959. rO,AHHe. Taj ,AOKYMeHT,
HaCTao Ha caMOM Kpajy lherOBor :HrnBOTa (HAM IIOCMpTHO IIpHIIHcaH
IIpeIIHC HeKe paHHje Bep3Hje), 6HO je II03HaT .llY6pOBa'lKHM ayTopHMa H
IJ.HTHpaH je H IIpe Op6HHHjeBe cTY,AHje. Pa3Aore 3a YBaJKaBalhe OBe 'lH­
lheHHu.e IIpYJKajy, OCHM IIpeTXO,AHO HaBe,AeHe pecpepeHu.e, HOBHje 06jaB­
lbeHe aHaAH3e TH60pa )KHBKoBHna58.
HOBHja HCTpaJKHBalha TH60pa )KHBKoBHna YKa3yjy Ha je,AHY
BeOMa 'lY,AHY 'lHlheHHu.y: pOMejcKH u.ap je, IIO cBeMY cY,AenH, KOPHCTHO
3a H3pa.llY OBor CIIHca AaTHHCKH H3BOP, y06AH'leH y BaTHKaHY O,A CTpaHe
BHCOKor u.pKBeHor ,AOCTojaHcTBeHHKa. )KHBKoBHn je aHaAH3HpaO TepMH­
He KojHMa I1opcpHporeHHT y CIIHCY De Administrando Imperio OOeAeJKasa
,AeCeTHHe rpa,AOBa O,A I1TaAHje ,AO KaBKa3a59 H YTBp,AHO ,Aa OHH 03Ha'la­
Bajy rpa,AOBe KOjH IIpHIIa,Aajy xpHlIInaHcKoM cBeTy, Tj. EKYMeHH;'O,AHO­
CHO rpa,AOBe ca CTapOM u.pKBeHOM opraHH3au.HjoM. )KHBKoBHn y 3a­
KlbyqKY aHaAH3e KaJKe: "HoBo TYMa'lelhe IIoMeHYTHX I1opqmporeHHTo­
BHX H3pa3a YIIynyje Ha BaJKaH 3aKlbyqaK ,Aa je lherOB rAaBHH H3BOP 3a
56 Don Mavro Orbini: ,,11 regno de gli Slavi", p. 181-182, Pesaro, 1601.
57 R. J. H. Jenkins: "General Introduction", pp. 13114, in
Constantine Porphyrogenitus De Administrando Imperio by, greek text edited by
Gyula Moravcsik and english translation by Romilly J. H. Jenkins, Harvard
University Dumbarton Oak~ Center for Byzantine Studies, Washington D. 1967.
(first edition Budapest, 1949)
58 TH60p )l(HBKoBHn: "JIereH,na 0 I1aBJlHMHpy SeJlH", ffcmopujcKU 'laconuc, Klb. L
(2003), c. 9-32
Tibor Zivkovic: "The Foundation of Ragusa: The Tradition vs. Facts", Historical
Review, vol. LIV (2007), pp. 9-25
59 Tibor Zivkovic: "Constantine Porfirogenetus' Kastra Oikoumena in the Southern
Slavs Principalities", Historical Review, vol. LVII (2008), pp. 9-28
28
. . .
HajcTapHjy HCTOpHjy Cp6a H XpBaTa, a HajIIpe 3a IIpHIIoBecT 0 IIOKPlII­
TaBalhY H ,AOCelbaBalby, 6HO CIIHC IIHcaH AaTHHCKHM je3HKoM H u.pKBeHe
IIpoBeHHjeHu.Hje. AYTOP OBor cIIHca, 0Y.llYnH ,Aa IIoKa3yje ,AOOpO II03Ha­
Balhe u.pKBeHe ,AOKTpHHe H TepHHoAornje, HHje OHO 06H'laH CBelIITeHHK
HAH MOHax, Ben IIpHIIa,AHHK HajBHlIIe xHjepapXHje pHMCKe u.pKBe."60 Y
,AalbHM HCTpaJKHBalhHMa Moryner cTapHjer AaTHHCKor H3Bopa I1opqmpo­
reHHTOBor CIIHca y Be3H ca CpOHMa H XpBaTHMa, THOOP )KHBKoBHn je
yO'lHO CAH'lHOCTH H3Meoy IIoje,AHHHX HaBO,Aa y De Administrando Imperio
H je,AHOM BaTHKaHCKOM AaTHHCKOM CIIHCY H3 BpeMeHa OKO 878. ro,AHHe -
Conversio Bagoariorum et Carantanorum61 , I10CTOjH BHCOK CTeIIeH KO­
peAau.Hje y OBa ,ABa CIIHca Ha IIoje,AHHHM MjeCTHMa IIpeMa CTpy:KTypH H
3aCTyIIlbeHHM TeMaMa62 , 'laK ce CKOPO caCBHM IIOKAaIIajy, HaKO cy IIpO­
TarOHHCTH H IIpOCTOp ,Apyra'lHjH. Y CBeTAY YKYIIHHX aHaAH3a, )KHBKO­
BHn HaAa3H IIOTBP.llY 0 IIoCTojalhY AaTHHCKor H3Bopa, KOjH je I10PCPHPO­
reHHT KOpHCTHO. Taj HeCTaAH H3BOP OH Ha3HBa De conversione Croa­
torum et Serborum63 • Y ,AeTalbHHjoj aHaAH3H64, )KHBKoBHneB 3aKlbyqaK 0
BpeMeHY H MecTy HaCTaHKa OBor HeCTaAOr H3Bopa, KOH,AeH30BaHO je Ha­
Be,AeH y CaJKeTKY xpBaTcKor H3,Aalha OBor pa,Aa65 : Y xucmopu02pacpuju
npuxealteHo 3Hal-be nomep1iyje oa je KOHcmaHmuH nOpcpup02eHem KO­
pucmuo nooamKe 0 XpeamUMa, Cp6UMa u OPY2UM C.naeeHUMa U3 apxuea
IJ.apcKe naAaqe Kao u U3 YCMeHux npuonnel-ba 6U3aHmcKux 0YYlCHOCHUKa
Ha.MjewmeHux Y jJaJlM.al,tuju. Pawt{Aa.M6a Hajcmapuje2 noeujecH02 meKC­
ma 0 Cp6UMa u XpeamUMa CaOpYICaH02 Y 30,31. u 32. n02.llaeJbY DAI no­
Ka3aAa je oa YCMeHa npeoaja Huje M02.lla 6umu U3eop nooamaKa 0 Xp­
eamUMa u Cp6UMa, eelt oa je KOHcmaHmUH Kopucmuo nucaHU U3eop KO­
je2 M02ylte oamupamu OKO 878. 200uHe. Oco6um cmtut m02 u3eopa
ycpeOOmOqeH je Ha nOKpWmaeal-be (Conversio Croatorum et Serborum) u
6.nucKe ee3e Xpeama u Cp6a c PU.AWM. Taj cmtut, tutU .numepapHu YlCaHp
De conversione Huje nocmojao y cyepeMeHoM BU3aHmy, HO 6uo je 00­
60 TH60p )l(HBKoBHn: ,,Kastra oikoumena KOHcTaHTHHa I1op$HporeHHTa y jY:lKHO­
CJlOBeHCKHM KHe:lKeBHHaMa", ffcmopujcKu 'laconuc, Klb. LVII (2008), c. 28 (an­
CTpaKT Ha cpncKoM npeTxo,nHo HaBe,neHor pa,na)
61 Milko Kos: "Conversio Bagoariorum et Carantanorum", v zbirki Razprave znan­
stvenega drustva v Ljubljani ]], Historicni odsek 3, Ljubljana, 1934.
62 Tibor Zivkovic: "The Sources of Constantine Porphyrogenitus Concerning the
Earliest History of Serbs and Croats", BYZANTINA IYMMEIKTA, 20 (20]0), pp.
11-37
63 Tibor Zivkovic: "De conversione Croatorum et Serborum: Izgubljeni izvor Konstan­
tina Porfirogenita", Medunarodni znanstveni skup U pocetku bijase De admini­
strando imperio: Konstantin Porjirogenet i percepcije najranije hrvatske povijesti,
18. veljace 2010. godine, Zagreb.
64 Tibor Zivkovic: "Constantine Porfirogenetus' Source on the Earliest History of Croat
and Serbs", s. 117-131, Radovi Zavoda za Hrvatsku povijest Filozofskog fakulteta
Sveucilista u Zagrebu, knjiga 42 (2010)
65 Ca:lKeTaK Ha xpBaTcKoM npeTXo,nHo HaBe.IJ,eHOr pa,na, s. 131
Tibor Zivkovic: "Izvor Konstantina Porfirogeneta za najstariju povijest Hrvata i
Srba", s. 131
29

 ,.....
6po n03H.am y pal-WMe cpe01-be.M eujeKY I-ta 3anaoy. PaWtUla.MOOM I-taee­
oel-tux no2.lla8.lba DAI ymepoen je ee.JlUK cmyna1-b je3wmux nooyoapl-tocmu
c meKcmoM no3l-tamUM y xucmopuozpaqJUju noo UMel-tOM De conversione
Bagoariorum et Carantanorum. Bese U3.Meoy De conversione Bagoariorum
et Carantanorum u 30.31. u 32. n02.lla8.lba DAI JlaKOje npeno3l-taTTUbUea
y KOI-tl!,enl!,uju ojeJla Kao u oujeJlOeUMa Koje je aymop oooao. 3aKJbY'-!aK
oe02 paoa jecm oa je M02yne nompWKumu I-toeu nym y pa3.Mampa1-by I-taj­
pal-tuje noeujecmu Xpeama u Cpoa; ottumo je oa je Kol-tcmal-tmul-t ITopcjJu­
pozel-tem Kopucmuo nooamKe Koje je npeyseo 00 al-tol-tUMI-tOZ CKYTUbatta
Kojuje, epJlO ejepojaml-to, oje.JlOeao Kao eUCOKU 0Y:JKI-tOCI-tUK PUMcKe lIpKee.
Pa,n:OBU Tu60pa )KuBKoBuha YKa3yjy Ha He06u'IHo nopeKAo U3BO­
pa ITopqmporeHuTOBor cnuca De Administrando Imperio, a 'Iu:a.eHuu;a
,n;a pOMejcKu u;ap cpe,n;uHoM X BeKa KOPUCTU TepMuHoAorujy BaTuKaHa
3a onUCUBa:a.e o6AaCTU U CTaHOBHUlliTBa CBora u;apCTBa y HajMa:a.y PYKY
Heo6H'IHa. qu:a.eHuu;a ,n;a je U Op6uHu KOpUCTUO HeKY o,n; ,n;aHac Heno­
3HaTUX Bep3uja OBor cnuca nOKa3yje ,n;a je oBaj cnuc 6uo BruKaH 3a Ba­
TUKaHCKe aYTOpe.
Pa,n:u 60Iher pa3YMeBa:a.a, Tpe6a ce nOTceTUTU ,n;a ce U Op6uHu­
jeBo ,n;eAO U npBO lIITaMnaHO U3,n;a:a.e ITopq:mporeHuToBor cnuca jaBIhajy
y BpeMe MaKCUMaAHUX Hanopa BaTUKaHa ,n;a CAOBeHCKe ,n;p2KaBe U Hapo­
,n;e ,n;OBe,n;e no,n; CBOjy jypUC,n;UKU;Ujy, npu 'IeMy je y06AH'IeH U TOKOM XVI
BeKa jaKO no,n;p2KaBaH ITal-tCJlaeUCmUttKU nOKpem. i\orU'IHa u,n;eja ,n;a je
oBaj cnuc TOKOM cBoje uCTopuje U;UIhHO ,n;onUCUBaH U npepaouBaH o,n;
CTpaHe pUMOKaTOAH'IKUX UCTOpU'Iapa BUCOKor paHra, ,n;o6uja jOlli je,n;Hy
CHa2KHY nOTBpJJY y OTKpuhy Tu60pa )KuBKoBuha ,n;a je 'IaK y CaMOM npo­
u;ecy CTBapa:a.a cnuca oCTBapeH CYlIITUHCKU YTuu;aj AaTUHCKUX ayTopa
U3 BaTuKaHa. 3anpaBo, nOCTOju 036uIhHa MoryhHOCT ,n;a cy npenpaBKe
cnuca o6aBIheHe jOlli y :a.eroBoM He,n;OBplIIeHoM o6AuKY.
AHaAH3e Tu60pa )KuBKoBuha HUCY ycaMIheHe Meoy HOBHjUM uc­
TOpU'IapHMa. .ilaHujeA LIUHO, np0<pecop uCTopuje ca YHHBep3uTeTa y
Cu,n;Hejy, yqeCTBoBao je 2010. ro,n;HHe y 3arpe6y Ha cKYllY nocBeheHoM
nHTa:a.y ITop<puporeHuToBor cnuca De Administrando Imperio66.. .t;IUHOB
pa,n: je HOCUO uHTepecaHTaH HaCAOB: "ITpU'IaM TU npHqy: H,n;eOAOlIIKO­
HapaTHBHU ,n;ucKYpcu 0 dOAacKY XpBaTa y De Administrando Imperio". Y
npHKa3y 3aKIhyqaKa OBor HayqHor cKYlla, TOMuCAaB SaAH KOHcTaTyje 67
,n;a je LIUHO ITop<puporeHHToB cnHC OKapaKTepucao Kao "6H3aHTcKH KO­
AOHUjaAHU HapaTuB" U UCTaKaO ,n;a je pe'I ,,0 cnucy KOjU je npuje CBera
ayTopCKO )ljeAo, a He 3HaHCTBeHa CTy,n;uja", KOHCTaTyjyhu H: "Ha TeMeIhY
OBUX TBP,n;:a.U, ayTop je nOKylIIao CKuu;upaTU u,n;eOAOlliKe HapaTUBHO­
,n;HCKYp3UBHe ujeAHHe 'IHje ce KOHType Ha3Upy Kp03 BHOe:a.a npOlliAOCTH,
a npe,n;CTaBIheHa cy y De Administrand01mperio. ITpeMa TOMe, 29, 30. U
31. rAaBa cnuca ,n;OHoce "pOMaHCKY," "xpBaTCKY" U "ou3aHTcKY" npuno­
BujecT. LIUHO 3aKIhyqyje ,n;a cy nOKYlIIaju Tpara:a.a 3a nOBHjecHoM UCTU­
66 Medunarodni znanstveni skup U pocetleu bija.se De administrando imperio:
Konstantin Porflrogenet i percepcije najranije hrvatske povijesti, 18. veljace 2010.
godine, Zagreb.
67 http://www.historiografija.hr/prikazLphp?id=180000
30
HOM Y ITop<puporeHeTOBHM pHje'IUMa "nOMaAO y3aAy,n;HU". Kao 3aKIhyqaK
HCTaKHYTO je MUlIIIhe:a.e ,n;a je xpBaTCKa XUCTOpuorpa<pHja YBruKaBa:a.eM
cnHca De Administrando Imperio 3anpaBO npUXBaTHAa nOCTMo,n;epHu3aM
npHje nOCTMo,n;epHu3Ma."
)KuBKoBuheBa aHaAH3a ,n;aje ,n;onyHcKe apryMeHTe 3aKIhyqU;HMa
aHaAH3e HaBo,n;Hor ITop<puporeHuToBor cnuca, Koja je nOKa3aAa ,n;a OH
HHKaKO He M02Ke OHTH TpeTupaH Kao peAeBaHTaH UCTOpUjCKH H3BOP 3a
,n;OKa3HBa:a.e ,n;oceIhaBa:a.a Cp6a Ha ,n;aHalII:a.e npoCTope 68 . Y3 BPAO Heo-
6H'IHY uCTOpujy :a.eroBor HaCTaHKa, OTKpUBa:a.a U o6jaBIhuBa:a.a TeK
1611. ro,n;UHe, OH 06uAyje y3ajaMHHM KOHTpa,n:UKTOPHocTHMa Y caMOM
cnucy, :a.erOBe HaBo,n;e He no,n;p2KaBa HU je,n;aH UCTOPHjCKH H3BOP U3
BpeMeHa HaBo,n;Hor ayTopa, aAH HU npe HU nOCAe :a.era. TBp,n;:a.e cy y
CYK06y ca MOTUBUMa H npupo,n;HO-<pH3U'IKOM U3BO,lJ,1l>UBOllihy onHcaHor
npou;eca ,n;oceIhaBalha. 06HIhe cnopHHx 'Iu:a.eHuu;a yKa3yje Ha 036HIhHY
MoryhHOCT U;UIhHHX npepa,n;a OBor cnuca. )KuBKoBHheBe aHaAH3e nOKa­
3yjy ,n;a je OH o,n; nO'IeTKa TaKO H KOHu;unHpaH, Tj. Ca,n:P2KH AaTHHCKe ,n;o­
,n;aTKe KOjU He 6u MorAH ,n;a nOTU'IY o,n; pOMejcKor u;apa, HapO'IUTO He
O,n;Max nOCAe IlIU3Me, Ka,n:a je HaCTao je.ll;HHH caqyBaHU npenHC.
OBa KOHCTpYKu;Hja, npHnHcaHa ITop<puporeHHTY, 3anpaBo U Huje
U3BplIIHAa CBOjy UCTOPHjCKY yAOry Y o6AHKoBalhY HCTopHje Cpoa U Xp­
BaTa y CBOjOj oojaBIheHoj HHTerpaAHoj <pOPMH, Beh Kp03 KacHHje oopa,n:e
H yrAaBHoM Kp03 HeKe :a.eHe u3,n;BojeHe ,n;eAoBe. HeMau; HCTOpH'Iap JoxaH
rOTXHA<p CTpuTep (IlITpHTep) je y Pycuju u3,n;ao BeAHKY UCTOPUjy
CAOBeHCKHX U UCTO'IHOeBpOncKHx Hapo,n;a, y KOjOj 3a nepHo,n; o,n; 610. ,n;o
641. ro,n;UHe npeHocH ITop<puporeHuToBY TBp,n;lhy 0 ,n;oceIhaBa:a.y Cp6a69 •
.ileo CTpuTepoBe K:a.ure no,n; HaCAOBOM "Svmmarivm de Serviis" nO'Iu:a.e
TeKCTOM ca HaCAOBOM "Seruiorum genus" 70, Y KOMe U;UTupa i\aoHuKa
XaAKOKOH,n;HAa U lheroB n03HaTU U;UTaT 0 CTapOCTH H pacnpoCTpa­
lheHOCTU Cpoa (Koje OH Ha3HBa Tpu6aAHMa), H3 Kora nOTH'Ie KpHAaTUu;a
"CpOU Hapo,n; HajCTapHju". CTPUTePOB HaBO,n; ce pa3AUKYje o,n; opuru­
HaAHOr XaAKOKOH,n;HAOBOr71 no TOMe lIITO OH XaAKOKOH,n;HAOBO Ha3UBa:a.e
Cp6a Tpu6aAHMa, HaBO,n;U ,n;upeKTHO no,n; HMeHOM Cp6u. ITO'IeTaK OBor
HaBo,n;a je npaKTH'IHO KpHAaTUu;a "CpOH - Hapo,n; HajCTapuju", KOjy je
npBH AaHCHpao HBaH CTpUTep roTOBO 200 ro,n;UHa npe OAra i\YKOBUh­
ITjaHoBuh, Koja ra je npeMa TYMa'Ie:a.y XaAKOKoH,n;HAa ynoTpeOHAa 3a
HaCAOB cBoje cTy,n;Hje.
68 JOBaH M. ,aepeTllh, ,aparoJby6 n. AHTllh, C'I06o,11,aH M. JapQeBl1h: ,,l13MHIIIJbeHO
,11,OCeJbaBaIhe Cp6a", EKO/lOUl.KU nOKpem zpa()a Hoeoz Ca()a, HOBH Ca,11" 2008;
,11,pyro HeH3MeIheHO H3,11,aIhe: Cap()oHuja, Eeorpa)l.; rpehe KopHrOBaHO H,11,OllYIDeHo
H3,11,aH>e: raHeUl.a KJ/y6 - E()ulluja, Eeorpa)l., 2012.
69 Ioann GotthilfStrittero; "Memoriae populorum olim ad Danubium, Pontum Euxinum,
Paludem Maeotidem, Caucasum, Mare Caspium et inde magis ad septentriones
incolentium, e scriptoribus historiae Byzantinae erutae et digestae", T. II, p. 113­
114, Impensis Academiae Scientiarum, Petropoli, 1774.
70 MCTO, p. 113
71 Laonici Chalcocondilae Historiarum Libri Decem, ed. 1. Bekker, Corpus Scriptorum
Historiae Byzantinae, p. 26-27, Impensis Ed. Weberi, Bonn 1843.
31
 ,.....
I1BaH CTpHTep je MHOro yTHu:ao Ha HCTOpH'Iape TOKOM Hapell:HHX
BeK H no, KOjH cy no npaBHAY HCTHU:aAH KpaTKH onHC nOP<PHporeHHTO­
Be npH'Ie H npeBHOaAH XaAKOKOHll:HAaCOBe TBpll:ffie y CTpHTapoBoj 06­
pa,u,H. 06jaIUffieffie 3a oBaj <peHoMeH je peAaTHBHO jell:HOCTaBHo - y Bpe­
Me ll:OK je (1771 - 1780) npHnpeMao CBOj 'IeTBOpOTOMHH nperAell: HCTO­
pHje Ha AaTHHCKOM je3HKY 72 Ha 6a3H pOMejcKHx H3Bopa, CTPHTeP je
napaAeAHO 06jaBHo npe KOMTIAeTHpaffia AaTHHCKor H3ll:aH>a (1770 ­
1775) TaKOOe 'IeTBOpoTOMHY ynpoIUheHY Bep3Hjy Ha PYCKOM 73. KaKO TO
HeMa'IKH H3BOPH TyMa'Ie, TO je ypa,u,HO "ll:a 6H ce peSYATaTH ffierOBHX
HcrpffiKHBaH>a npOIUHpHAH Ha BehH KPyr 'IHTaAau:a". JoxaH fOTXHA<p
CTpHTep je no 3aBpIUeTKY TeoAorHje Ha YHHBep3HTeTY y XaAey OTHIUao y
PyCHjy, rll:e je capaOHBao ca ABryCTOM AYll:BHroM IIIAeu:epOM H fepxap­
ll:OM <PPHll:PHXOM MHAepOM. MHAep H IIIAeu:ep cy 3aCHOBaAH repMaHHc­
TH'IKY HCTOPHjCKY HaYKY y PyCHjH. AKo ce jOIU 3Ha ll:a je IIIAeu:ep 6HO
HapO'IHTO 3aHHTepeCOBaH 3a nop<pHporeHHToB cnHc, caCBHM je pa3YM­
lbHBO KaKO je ll:OIUAO ll:0 Tora ll:a CTpHTep HanpaBH ynpoIUheHY Bep3Hjy
cBoje CTYll:Hje Ha PYCKOM je3HKY "pa,u,H npoIUHpeFba Kpyra 'IHTaAau:a".
Y ffierOBOM npBoM TOMY je npaKTH'IHO 1770. roll:HHe ycnocTaBlbeH TeMelb
KacHHje HCTOpHje Cp6a H Pyca, npeMa nOP<PHporeHHToBoj npH'IH, KOjy
je Beh 1666. rOll:HHe I1BaH AyqHh npHAarOll:HO 3a XpBaTe.
OOAHKOBaHae CpnCKe HCTopHje Y BpeMeRHMa nOCAe
MaBpa OpoHRHja
Beh y npBHM BeKOBHMa xpHIUhaHCTBa, a HapO'IHTO ca paCnall:OM
3anall:HOr PHMcKor u:apCTBa, HacTaje )Kelba BaTHKaHa ll:a ce Kp03 U:PK­
BeHY opraHH3aU:Hjy ycnocTaBH cBojeBpcHa peKoHcTpYKu:Hja PHMCKor
u:apCTBa, MaKap Y CMHCAY nOCTojaFba rAaBHOr ayropHTeTa H3Ha,LJ, ll:p)Ka­
Be. YcnOCTaBlbaffieM rAaBHHX u:eHTapa XpHIUhaHCKe UpKBe, nO'IHffie HH­
TeHsHBHHje Oll:Bajaffie PHMOKaTOAH'IKe UpKBe Y Oll:HOCY Ha OCT/:lI).e u:eH­
Tpe XpHIUhaHCKe UpKBe, KOjH oCTajy Ha npHHU:HnHMa npaBOCAaBlba H
ll:peBHe Tpa,u,HU:Hje. Cp6H H XeAMCKO (EaAKaHCKO) nOAYOCTpBO TOKOM
BHIUe BeKOBa npell:CTaBlbajy 036HlbaH npell:MeT aM6HU:Hja PHMa, aAH
npaKTH'IHa aYTOKe<paAHOCT UpKBe y CHPMHjYMY, COAHHY H JYCTHHHjaHH
npHMH H nOTOM ayroKe<paAHOCT HOBHX apXHenHcKonHja H HOBHX naT­
pHjapIUHja (cpnCKe H 6yrapCKe), Taj npOCTOp BHIUe BeKOBa oCTaje BaH
CYIIITHHCKor YTHu:aja BaTHKaHa, 'IaK H Y nepHOll:HMa <popMaAHe jYPHC­
ll:HKU:Hje Ha ll:eAOBHMa OBHX npOCTopa.
72 "Memoriae populorum olim ad Danubium, Pontum Euxinum, Paludem Maeotidem,
Caucasum, Mare Caspium et inde magis ad septentriones incolentium, e scrip­
toribus historiae Byzantinae erutae et digestae". Petropoli 1771, 1775, 1778, 1780.
73 Izvestiya vizantiyskich istorikov obyasnyayushchiya rossiyskuyu istoriyu drevnih
vremen i preseleniya narodov; sobrany i hronologicheskim porjyadkom raspolozhe­
ny Ivanom Shtritterom. Tom 1: 0 slavyanah, Imp. Akad. nauk, Sankt Peterburg
1770.
32
Pacna,LJ, 3ana,u,HOr PHMCKOr u:apCTBa je npell:CTaBlbaO npou:ec llYr
'IHTaBa ll:Ba BeKa, TOKOM Kora cy I1MnepHjy 6paHHAe H Hanall:aAe BojcKe
pa3AH'IHTHX paTHH'IKH OpraHH30BaHHX nOAyHOMa,u,CKHX HAH HOMa,u,CKHX
nAeMeHa, onHCHBaHHX pa3AH'IHTHM HMeHHMa, rll:e yrAaBHoM ll:OMHHHpa
HMe feTH, Koje ce npeTBapa y fOTH. I1cTpffiKHBaffia nOKa3yjy ll:a CBa OBa
nAeMeHa CAell:e ll:peBHe Tpa,u,HU:Hje npBor eBponCKor npaHapOll:a, <P0PMH­
paHor y nOllYHaBlbY H Ha XeAMCKOM (EaAKaHCKOM) nOAyoCTpBy H nOTOM
paIIIHpeHor Ha orpOMHe npoCTOpe. TaKol)e ce ll:a cy CBa Ta
ll:peBHa TIAeMeHa HMaAa BHCOK CTeneH CAH'IHOCTH y je3HKY, BepH H ll:PY­
rHM KapaKTepHCTHKaMa. fbHXOBO npeTBapaffie Y HOBe eBponCKe HapOll:e
HaCTaje TeK ca pa3BojeM HOBHX ll:P)KaBa Ha 3anaJIY H ceBepy EBpone, y3
BeAHKY yAOry PHMOKaTOAH'IKe u:pKBe H CHCTeMaTCKO HaMeTaH>e HOBOAa­
THHCKor je3HKa H nOll: FberoBHM YTHu:ajeM yo6AH'IaBaHHX HOBHX je3HKa,
Y TOM npou:ecy cy HaCTaAe Hajnpe HOBe ll:P)KaBe, a nOTOM ffiHXOBH Hapo­
ll:H H je3HU:H. ArpeCHBHO cnpoBol)eFbe TaKBe nOAHTHKe YCAOBHAO je Kac­
HHjH OTnop TaKBoj UpKBH H HaCTaHKOM npOTeCTaHTH3Ma.
npHAHKOM pacna,u,a 3anall:HOr PHMcKor u:apCTBa y I1AHPHKY je
HaCTaAa cpnCKa ll:P)KaBa 3aCHOBaHa Ha ll:peBHoj TPa,LJ,HU:HjH, y3 npHBpe­
MeHY ja'Iy Be3Y ca "roTCKOM" ll:p)KaBOM y I1TaAHjH. Y aHaAH3aMa Tor ne­
pHOll:a yrBpl)eHo je ll:a je cpnCKa ll:P)KaBa, AOrH'IHO Ha3BaHa I1AHPCKOM
Cp6HjOM, 6HAa npaBHH 3ana,u,Hor PHMCKor u:apCTBa, jep ce
u:ap JYAHjyC HenoT H3 PHMa nOBYKaO y COAHH. OBY ll:P)KaBY H BAa,u,ape
KOjH HacAel)yjy JYAHjyca HenoTa 3a6eAe)KHAH cy 6pOjHH HCTOPHjCKH H3­
BOPH, a y ffiHMa ce jacHo YO'IaBa ll:a je OHa 6HAa npH3HaTa Oll: I1CTO'IHOr
PHMCKor, Tj. POMejcKor u:apCTBa7 4, aAH H Oll: Oll:OaKapa, KOjH OCHHBa
rOTCKY ll:P)KaBY y I1TaAHjH (ll:0 cBoje CMpTH OH He y3HMa THTyAy pHMCKor
u:apa, a KYje HOBau: ca HenOTOBHM AHKOM). OBY 'IHFbeHHU:Y HOBHjH HCTO­
pH'IapH YOTIlUTe He YO'IaBajy (HH je3YHTCKH Ha ffiOj He HHCHcTHpajy, aAH
je 6eAe)Ke), na 'IaK H He nOMHffiY ffieHe BAa,u,ape H ll:HHacTHje, CBe y3 OMa­
AOBffiKaBaffie "AeTonHca nona ,lJ,y:K:zbaHHHa", Kao HaBOll:HO HenOY3ll:aHor
H3Bopa. Mel)yrHM, Kao IUTO je BpAO AaKO yBepHTH, nOll:aTKe H3HOCH
non LlyKlbaHHH, HaBOll:e H MHorH KaTOAH'IKH HCTOpH'IapH H3 BpeMeHa
npc;: H nOCAe MaBpa Op6HHHja, 6e3 CyMffie y ffiHX.
POMejcKH u:ap JYCTHHHjaH y VI BeKY nOKYIUaBa ll:a 06HOBH jell:HH­
CTBeHO PHMCKO u:apCTBO, aAH Y TOMe He ycneBa TpajHo, na ce Taj npou:ec
3aBpIUaBa <popMHpaffieM CBeTOr PHMcKor u:apCTBa H npeTBapaffieM PH­
Ma (Tj. BaTHKaHa) y HeKY BpCTy peKOHCTpYHcaHe PHMCKe I1MnepHje, KO­
ja <PYHKU:HOHHIUe KP03 ll:eAOBaffie PHMOKaTOAH'IKe u:pKBe. POMejcKo u:ap­
CTBO HCTOBpeMeHO ycneIUHo Oll:p)KaBa jell:HHCTBO UapCTBa TaKol)e y3
BffiKHy nOMoh npaBOCAaBlba, aAH ca BHCOKHM CTeneHOM aYTOHoMHje H y
ll:P)KaBHOM H y u:pKBeHOM CMHCAY.
HaCTaHKOM Mal)apcKe, PHMOKaTOAH'IKa u:pKBa 3anO'IHffie BHIUe­
BeKOBHY eKcnaH3Hjy Ha HCTOK, a ca Pe<popMaU:HjoM H BepCKHM paTOBH­
Ma ca npOTeCTaHTHMa, aM6HU:Hje npeMa Cp6HMa H ll:pyrHM CAOBeHHMa
nOCTajy CBe ja'Ie. TaKo y)laAMaU:HjH H XpBaTcKoj nOCTeneHO ja'Iajy u:eH­
74 JosaH 11. )J,epeTHIi., )J,paroJby6 IT. AHTHh: "I1JIl'lpCKa Cp6Hja", c. 181-204, Talleuw
lUly6, EeorpaJJ" 2014.
33
 --
Tpll PllMOKaTOAll'iKe u:pKBe, KOjll rrOCTerreHO rrOTllpy rroCTojalbe rrpeT­
XO,nHe u:pKBeHe OpraHll3aU:llje. Y TOM rrpou:ecy ce KOPllCTll MeTO,nOAorllja
OpllCalba CprrCKOr llMeHa y rrllCaHllM ll3BOpllMa, TaKO lllTO ce CPOll, KOjll
cy yrAaBHoM II paHllje (a II CBe ,nO rrO'ieTKa XX BeKa) Ha3llBaAll I1All­
pllMa, y rrllCaHllM ll3BopllMa CllCTeMaTCKll Ha3llBaHll rOTllMa, .llaAMaTll­
Ma, IlaHOHU:llMa, rra II CAOBeHllMa. CYlllTllHa OBe ll,neje je OllAa y CTBa­
palby YCAOBa 3a lllTO MacoBHllje rrpeBOQelbe rrpaBOCAaBHllX Cpoa y Xp­
BaTe, rra rrOTOM y Matlape. ArreTllTll PllMa cy lllllAll II ,naLbe Ha llCTOK ca
U:llLbeM ,na 'illTaB CAOBeHCKll CBeT CTaBll rro,n cQ:>epy YTllu:aja, a OHll
HllKa,na HllCY HeCTaAH.
Hallla ,neTaLbHa CTy,nllja ,naje jacHe ,nOKa3e, KOjll orroBpraaajy MO­
rynHoCT cu:eHapllja 0 HaceLbaBalbY XeAMCKor rrOAYOCTPBa II Cpe,nlbe EB­
porre Ha Ha'illH KaKO je TO rrpe,nCTaBLbeHO KO,n IlopQ:>llporeHllTa75 (y ,na­
Hac rr03HaTOM OOAllKY lberOBor crrllca). MYATll,nllCU:llrrAllHapHllM llCTpa­
2KllBalbeM, ll3AaraIneM er3aKTHllX OpOjKll Koje orrllcyjy Q:>ll3ll'iKO-TeX­
Hll'iKe KapaKTepllCTllKe je,nHor TaKBor rrpeceLbaBalba 'illTaBOr Hapo,na
TOKOM je,nHe ro,nllHe, rroKa3yje ce ,na je MaCOBHa ceooa 3eMLbopa,nHll'iKllX
Cpoa y VII CToAeny, o,n HeKY,n "ll3a KaprraTa", 6llAa Q:>ll3ll'iKO-TeXHll'iKll
Hell3BO,lI.IhllBa76. MYATll,nllCU:llrrAllHapHllM rrOBe3llBalbe pe3YATaTa Bllllle
o,n 25 HaYKa II HayqHllX ,nllCU:llIIAllHa (YKLbyqyjynll rrpllpo,nHe II er3aKT­
He) rrOKa3yje ce ,na je Ha rrpOCTopllMa Ilo,nyHaaLba II XeAMCKor (BaAKaH­
CKor) rrOAYOCTPBa y BpeMe HeOAllTCKllX KYATypa AerreHCKor Bllpa, CTap­
'leBa II BllH'ie YOOAll'ieHa rrpBa eBporrCKa U:llBllAll3aU:llja II lbeH rrpaHa­
po,n. Jl1llpeH>e TOr rrpaHapo,na II lberOBe U:llBllAll3aU:llje y rrpe,naHTll'1KO II
aHTll'iKO ,no6a M02Ke ce rrpaTllTll rroMony rro,naTaKa MHorllX HayKa, aAll II
Kp03 apxeOAOIilKa OTKpllna II llCToplljcKe crrllce. YO'iaaa ce jacaH reHeT­
CKll, AllHrBllCTll'iKll, KYATypHll, COU:lljaAHll, II BepCKll KOHTllHYllTeT, Kao
II KOHTllHYllTeT CBllX U:llBllAll3aU:lljcKllX KapaKTepllCTllKa II 3Halba OBor
rrpaHapo,na, CBe ,nO ,naHallllbllX Cpoa II Pyca, KOjll cy OCTaAH Haj6All2Kll
TOM ll3BOPHOM rrpaHapo,ny77.
HecrropHa je 'illlbeHllu:a ,na OpOjHll je3YllTCKll ayTopll o,n XV ,nO
XIX BeKa rroTBPQyjy BenllHY HaBo,na "AeTorrllca Ilorra .llYKLbaHHHa" - y
Be3ll ca CTapllM cprrCKllM ,nllHaCTlljaMa II 0 rrpllcycTBy Cpoa Ha XeAM­
CKOM (BaAKaHCKOM) rrOAYOCTpBY y BpeMe PllMCKor u:apCTBa II rrpe lbera.
OHll, 'ieCTO, rrperrllcyjy II U:llTllpajy HaBo,ne ll3 Op6llHlljeBor "KpaLbeB­
CTBa CAOBeHa", rra TO yrrynyje Ha 3aKLbyqaK ,na OBO ,neAO o6llAyje 'illlbe­
Hllu:aMa, Koje y BaTllKaHCKllM KpyroBllMa HllCY MOrAll ,na ocrrope. OHO
lllTO Mopa ,na llMaMO y Bll,ny je II HaCTojalbe BaTllKaHCKllX II 3arr,nHO­
eBporrCKllX rrllcau:a ,na yrrycyjy "CAOBeHe" TaMO r,ne 6ll Tpe6aAO ,na CTOjll
75 JOBaH M. .n:epemn, .n:paroJby6 TI. AHmn, Cno6o.naH M. JapqesHh: "M3MHIlIJbeHO
,noCeJbaSafhe Cp6a", EKO,70UlKU nOKpem zpaiJa H060Z Cada, HOBH Ca,n, 2008;
,npyro HeH3MefheHO W3.L\afhe: Capd01l.Uja, Eeorpa.n; TPene KopHrOBaHO Hl\OTIYH>eHo
H3.L\afhe: ralieUla KfIy6 Ei)ul1uja, Eeorpa,n, 2012.
76 .n:paroJby6 TI. AHTHn: "TIPHPO.L\HO<pIBH'IKa l'eHe3a Cp6a", JIeUluli u CUHoeu, Eeorpa.L\,
2007.
77 JOBaH M. .n:epeulh, .n:pal'oJby6 TI. AHTHn: "McTopHja Cp6a H Pyca npaHapol\a EB­
pone, npBa H.npyl'a KIMlra", raHeUla KfIy6, Eeorpa.L\, 2013.
34
"CpOll", llAll " 11Allpll". CAll'iaH rrOCTyrraK je, HajBepoBaTHllje, rrpllMelbeH
HeKOAllKO BeKOBa paHllje Ta,na je cprrCKO llMe y crrllCllMa 3aMelbllBaHO
llMeHOM "rOTll" (ll3pa3llTO KoplllllneH KO,n Aemonuca nona L!YlClba1-twi.a).
OCHoBHa AllHllja OBor crrllca ce 3a,np2KaBa y oopa,naMa (y3 ,no,naT­
He rro,naTKe) ,npyrllX ayTopa CBe ,no XIX BeKa (HaBe,nllMo rrpllMep KpaTKe
llCTopllje Cpoa IlaBAa JYAllHu:a ll3 1765. ro,nllHe 78 ), Ka,na rrO'illlbe ,na
rrpeOBAa,naBa rrpou:ec "Kpojelba" xpBaTcKe llcTopllje, 3arrO'ieT llHTeH3llB­
Hllje XVII BeKY, rra Te HOBllje CTy,nllje KopllCTe rrpeTe2KHO yaO,nHll ,neo
.llyKLbaHllHoBor crrllca, Ha KOjll rrOKYlllaaajy ,na Ha,noBe2KY HeKaKBe "xp­
BaTCKe PO,nocAoBe" II ,na CBe TO YOOAll'ie Ha rrpllHU:llrrllMa TeOpllje 0 ,no­
ceLbaBalbY Cp6a II XpBaTa Ha XeAMCKO rroAyoCTpBO y VII BeKY II ,nll3a­
lbeM Ha HllBO ,norMe KOHTpoBep3Hor crrllca "De Administrando Imperio.
TaKo KpajeM XVII BeKa jOIil je,naH KaTOAll'iKll llCTOpll'iap, oeHe­
,nllKTaHCKll KaAYQep llCTOpll'iap II rrpeBo,nllAau: ll3 BeHeU:llje (Q:>paH­
uycKor rropeKAa II CAY2KOeHllK Xao30YPlIIKe MOHapxllje) Ka3llMllP <Ppe­
IllOT (1640 - 1720), oojaBLbyje 1687. ro,nllHe y BOAOlbll llcToplljy.llaAMa­
U:llje79. OBO ,neAO ce Ben Hape,nHe ro,nllHe oojaBLbyje y HarrYLbY, oe3 jacHor
HaBo,na llMeHa ayTopa, ca rrOCBeTOM a,nMllpaAY OHOpaTy BOHllQ:>anuy
IlarranllHY II ca Ha3HaKOM ,na je rro,naTKe "rrpllKYTIllO D. C. F. B."80. Ben
Hape,nHe ro,nllHe ce y <PpaHKQ:>YPTY oojaBLbyje rrpeBo,n OBe Klbll2Kllu:e Ha
HeMa'iKll81 . Y OBOM ,neAY ce ,naje KOMIIAeTaH rrpllKa3 cprrCKllX BAa,napa
(Ha3llBa llX "KpaLbeBllMa JY2KHe .llaAMaU:llje, Koja ce jOIil Ha3llBa CPOll­
JOM") o,n 490. ro,nllHe ,nO CTeQ:>aHa HeMalbe 82 II Ha,naLbe ,nO TBpTKa II CTe­
Q:>aHa TOMallleBllna83 .
<PpaHuycKll AllHrBllCTa II llCTOpll'iap je3YllTcKor oopa30Balba ll3
XVII BeKa Jl1apA (KapoA) ,nll <PpecH, Cllp ,nll KaH2K {.llllKaH2K)84 (2KllBeO o,n
1610. - 1688. ro,nllHe), Harrllcao je OOllMHO ,neAO 0 llCTOPlljll I1AllpllKa,
Koje je o6jaBLbeHo TeK 1741. ro,nllHe o,n CTpaHe Jocllrra KerAeBllna. 11 OH
je, KaO HaBe,neHll rrpeTXO,nHllU:ll, y CBOjy llCTOPlljy YKLbyqllO BAa,napCKe
pO,nOCAOBe. TaKO y 3. rAaBll (Caput III: Priurum Da1matiae et Serviae Re­
gum)85 HaBO,nll AllCTy BAa,napa o,n CBeBAa,na ,no CTeQ:>aHa HeMalDe.
TporupaHllH I1BaH Ayqlln (1610-1679) je lllKOAOBaH y KaTOAll'i­
KllM lllKOAaMa Hajrrpe y PllMY Y Seminarium Romanum, a rrOTOM je
CTy,nllpao y Ila,nOBll. BllO je 'iAaH rrarrCKor ,,3aBo,na CB. JepoHllMa" y Pll­
78 TIaBne JynHHau: "KpaTKoje BSel\eHHje B HCTOPHjy npOHCXO'lKl\eHHja cnaBeHo-cep6­
CKO!' Hapo,na", 1765.
79 Casimir Freschot: "Memorie historiche e geografiche della Dalmazia raccolte da D.
Casimiro Freschot Benedettino", Giacomo Monci, Bologna, 1687.
80 D(om) C(asimiro) F(reschot) B(enedittino)
81 Casimir Freschot: ,,Des Konigsreichs Dalmatien historische und geographische
_ ,Job. Friederich Gleditsch, Leipzig, 1689.
82 Casimir Freschot: Onorato Bonifacio Papacino: "Memorie Historiche, e Geografiche
delle Dalmazia", r. 22-79, Antonio Parrino e Michele Luigi Mutij, Napoli, 1688.
83 MCTO, p. 80-97
84 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles du Fresne, sieur du Cange
85 Caroli Du Fresne Domini Du Cange: "Illyricum vetus & novum", p. 36-63, Haere­
dum Royerianorum, Posonii, 1746.
35


My H lheroB npe,n;ce,n;HHK86. XpBaTH ra ,n;aHac cMaTpajy "ou;eM xpBaTCKe
nOBHjecHe 3HaHOCTH"87, KaKO ra je 1879. ro,n;HHe Ha3Bao <t>palho Pa":IKH.
06jaBHo je 1766. ro,n;HHe y AMcTep,n;aMY ,n;eAO "0 kraljevstvu Dalmacije i
Hrvatske"88, Koje npe,n;CTaBlba nOAa3HY Ta":IKY CBHX xpBaTcKHx HCTOpH­
":Iapa, y KOMe o6HAHO KOPHCTH cnHC KOHCTaHTHHa VII TIoPCPHporeHHTa.
Y CBOjOj HCTOpHjH JlaAMaU:Hje H XpBaTcKe, HBaH l\yqHn HaBo,n;H Kao
noce6Ha norAaBlba Op6HHHjeBY Bep3Hjy Presbyteri Diocleatis Regnum
Slavorum89 H MapYAHneBY Bep3Hjy T3B. XpBamcICe xpoHuICe Marci Maruli
patritii Spalatensis Regnum Dalmatiae et Croatiae gesta90 • l\yqHneBo
,n;eAO ce HCTH":Ie H3pa3HTHM KopHIIInelheM HaBo,n;a TIoPCPHporeHHToBor
cnHca, na je OHO npeTe":Ia KacHHjHx CTy,n;Hja, y KojHMa ce HHcHcTHpa Ha
OBOM cnHCY H OH ce KOPHCTH Kao ,n;OKa3 a ,n;ocelbaBalhY Cp6a H XpBaTa.
HTaAHjaHcKH je3YHTa JlaHHeAe <t>apAaTH ()KHBeO o,n; 1690. ,n;o
1773. ro,n;HHe)91, ayTOp orpoMHe OCMOTOMHe HCTopHje u;pKBe y HAHPHKY
Sacrum cpe,n;HHoM XVIII BeKa nHIIIe ,n;eTalbHO 0 ,n;oAacKY ,n;HHac­
THje CBeBAa,n;oBHna92 • TIpe npeAacKa Ha onHCHBalhe, H3BO,n;n: TeMelbHY
CTy,n;Hjy H3Bopa H aHaAH3Hpa "l\eTonHc nona , BapHjaHTY
MapKa MapYAHna H U;HTHpa JlHKaH)KOBe HaBo,n;e93 . OH npH TOMe aHa­
AH3Hpa H TIopcpHporeHHTOBe no,n;aTKe, aAH HnaK 3a,n;p)KaBa npHCTyn
KOHTHHYHTeTa Cp6a, O,n;HOCHO HAHpa. OBO jacHo nOKa3yje ,n;a HH ,n;o
nOqeTKa XIX BeKa (Ka,n;a H3Aa3e nOCAe,n;lhH TOMOBH fllyricum Sacrum) y
pe,n;oBHMa ,n;o6po o6pa30BaHHx KaTOAH":IKHX je3YHTcKHX HCTOpHqapa (ca
60raTHM H3BopHMa), KOjH CHryPHO HHCY 6HTHO HaKAOlheHH Cp6HMa, He
BAa,n;a TeopHja 0 ,n;HCKOHTHHYHTeTy CTaHOBHHIIITBa y JlaAMaU;HjH H HeKa­
KBOM ,n;ocelbaBalhy Cp6a H XpBaTa.
Jly6pOB":IaHHH AMPHja KaqHn-MHOllmn (1704-1760), TaKo:l)e
cppaaeBa":IKH KMy:l)ep H3 MaHaCTHpa y 3aoCTpory, o6jaBHo je 1759. ro­
,n;HHe cBoje ,n;eAO "Pa3roBop yro,n;HH Hapo,n;a CAOBHHcKor"94, y KaMe HCTH­
qe KOHTHHYHTeT "Hapo,n;a CAOBHHCKor" y JlMMau:HjH jOIII o,n; V BeKa npe
XpHCTa. Y XPOHOAOIIIKOj AHCTH ,n;ora:IJaja HaBo,n;H H CBe ":IHlheHHu;e y Be3H
ca ,n;HHaCTHjoM CBeBAa,n;OBHna, a y onHCHMa ,n;ora:IJaja H3 VII BeKa Ha3H­
Ba ABape CAoBeHHMa H npaKTH":IHO onHcyje BojHe yna,n;e, 6e3' nKaKBe
TeopHje 0 HeKaKBOM npBoM ,n;ocelbaBalhy Cp6a. HeIIITo MAa:l)H o,n; <t>ap­
AaTHja H AH,n;pHje Ka":IHna-MHoIIIHna, cppaaeBau; H3 pe,n;a MQ.1le 6pane
1)aHaHTOHHo (HBaH AHTyH) BOMaH, Y CBOjOj HCTOPHjH JlaAMaU;Hje, Xp­
86 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johannes Lucius
87 http://it.wikipedia.orglwiki/Giovanni Lucio
S8 Joannes Lucius: "De regno Dalmatiae et Croatiae libri sex", Amsteloedami, apud
Ioannem Blaev, 1666.
S9
HCTO, p. 287-302
90 HCTO, p. 303-311
91 http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniele FarIati
97 Donato Fabianich: "La Dalmazia ne' primi cinque secoli del cristianesimo: studii dei
92 Daniele Farlati: "Illyricum Sacrum", t. II, p. 147, Sebastian Coleti, Venetia, 1753.
minori osservanti", Vitaliani & Janc()vich succ. Battara,
93 HcTO, t. II, p. 140-147
94 Po Fra Andrii Kacichiu Razgovor ugodni naroda slovinskoga, U Mleczi 1759.
Andrija KaCic Miosic: "Razgovor ugodni narod slovinskoga", 21. izdanje, Dionicka
tiskara, Zagreb, 1899.
36
--
,
BaTCKe H BocHe H3 1775. ro,n;HHe, fmcaHoj Ha 6a3H ,n;eAa faumapa BH­
lhMHna, TaKo:l)e HaBo,n;H HCTe no,n;aTKe 0 BAa,n;apHMa95 . HBaH KaTaAHHHn
y CBOjOj HCTOPHjH JlMMaU;Hje TaKo:l)e HaBo,n;H ,n;OAa3aK CBeBAa,n;oBHna Ha
BAaCT y CKAa,LI;y ca ,n;pyrHM nOMeHyTHM ayTOpHMa96 , MH y KacHHjHM onH­
CHMa npeAa3H Ha Bep3Hjy T3B. XpBamCICe ICpOHUICe.
JloHaT <t>a6HjaHHn (1808-1890) je po:l)eH Ha TIary, IIIKOAOBao ce
Hajnpe Ha y IIIKOAH "MMe 6pane", a nOTOM KO,n; cppalheBau;a y 3a­
,n;py. 3aBpIIIHo je CTy,n;Hje CPHAococpHje H TeoAorHje, CTeKao cBeCTpaHo
o6pa30Balhe. a 1836. ro,n;HHe ce 3ape,n;Ho. Y rHMHa3HjH y 3a,n;py npe­
,n;aBao 3eMlbonHC, HCToPHjy, MaTeMaTHKY, My3HKY, AaTHHCKH H HTaAH­
jaHcKH je3HK. H3yqaBao je HCTOPHjy u;pKBe y JlaAMau:HjH H nHcao Ha
HTaAHjaHcKoM. 1heroBa CTy,n;Hja97 npBHX neT BeKOBa XpHIIInaHCTBa y
JlaAMaU;HjH, o6jaBlbeHa y 3a,n;py 1874. ro,n;HHe, 3aCHOBaHa je Ha 6oraToj
AHTepaTypH KaTOAWiKHX KMy:l)epa HCTopwiapa, na 3a lhy Mapa BaJKHTH
CBe HCTO Kao H 3a 6pojHe cTy,n;Hje KaTOAWiKHX MOHaxa, Tj. Mopa ce npH­
XBaTHTH ":IHlheHHu;a,n;a ce PMH 0 ":IHlheHHU;aMa Koje y KOHTHHYHTeTy BH­
IIIe BeKOBa HHCY ,n;OBo:l)eHe y nHTalhe. Ca rAe,n;HIIITa Mo,n;epHHje CPMCH­
cpHKOBaHe HCTOpHje TaKBH CTaBOBOBH cy npo6AeMaTH":IHH, jep cy CPMCH­
cpHKaTH ,n;OBeAH ,n;o pa,n;n:KaAHOr nOMaKa y KOPHCT BeIIITa":IKH cpopMHpa­
He HCTopHjcKe CAHKe, na oTy,n;a H U;HTHpaHH HaBO,n; ,n;a <t>a6HjaHHneBe
aHMH3e ",n;aHac He 3a,n;OBOlbaBajy nOBHjeCHY KPHTHKY". <t>a6HjaHHneBe
,n;eTalbHe H 06HMHe aHMH3e nepHo,n;a pacna,n;a 3ana,n;Hor PHMCKor u;ap­
CTBa, BpeMeHa JlHOKAeU;HjaHa H JYCTHHHjaHa, Kao H nHTalhe u;pKBe y
CMOHH, nOTBp:l)yjy 3aKlbyqKe KOjH ce y cpparMeHTHMa HMa3e KO,n;
,n;pyrHx ayTopa. JlaHaIIIlhH xpBaTCKH HCTOpH":IapH CMFI'T'pajy <t>a6HjaHHna
"xpBaTCKHM HCTOpH":IapeM", IIITO ce HHKaKO He MO)Ke npHXBaTHTH, jep je
3a,n;ap CBe ,n;o 1919. ro,n;HHe npHna,n;ao HTaAHjH, lherOBO CTaHOBHHIIITBO
je 6HAO npeTe)KHO cpncKO, a HeKaKBoj CPOPMH XpBaTcKe UyrocAoBeHcKoj
BaHoBHHH XpBaTcKoj) npHKThyqeH je TeK 1939. ro,n;HHe.
<t>paHu:ycKH ,n;HTIAOMaTa H nHcau; KAo,n;-IllapA ,n;e TIejcoHeA (Cla­
ude-Charles de Peyssonnel) XVIII BeKa ()KHBeO 1727-1790), KOjH je 6HO
cppaHu:ycKH KOH3YA y CMHPHH H Ha KpHMY HanHcao je ,n;eAO: "HCToPHj­
CKO H reorpacpcKo pa3MaTpalhe BapBapcKHx Hapo,n;a KOjH )KHBe y xop­
,n;aMa Ha JlyHaBY H TIOHTy EYKCHHCKOM"98. Y OBOj CTy,n;HjH je Ben y npBoj
pe":IeHHU;H YBo,n;Hor norAaBlba "Dissertation sur l' origine du la langue
Sclavone pretendue Illyrique" HCTaKao ,n;a je npe,n;MeT aHMH3e 99 : "l'origi­
ne de la Illyrique ou Sclavone; Ie but de l' Auteur etoit de prouver qu'on
doit regarder cette Langue comme l' ancienne Langue Illyrique au
95 Gianantonio Bomann: ,,storia civile ed ecclesiastica della Dalmazia, Croazia e
Bosna", Torno I, p. 74, Antonio Locatellii, Venetis, 1775.
96 Giovanni Cattalinich: "Storia della Dalmazia", t. I, p. 87, Fratelli Battara, Zara, 1834.
1874
98 Charles de Peyssonnel: "Observations historiques et geographiques sur les peuples
barbares qui ont habite les bords du Danube et du Pont-Euxin", Ed. NM Tilliard,
Paris, 1765.
99 MeTo, p. vii
37
Dalmate; qu'elle est nee en dec;:a du Danube et n'a pas ete introduite par
les Barbares", Tj. "H3BOp HAHpCKOr Hlill CAOBeHCKor je3HKa; ll.Hlb nHmqeB
je l(a l(OKffiKe l(a je Taj je3HK HCTH Kao CTapH HlillpCKH HAH l(SAMaTHH­
CKH, KOjH je HaCTao HCnOl( llyHaBa H HHCY ra l(OHelill BapBapH". IlOTOM
je nOCBel(OqHO l(a ce HCTHM je3HKoM roBOPH y 60 CAOBeHCKHX 06AaCTH y
EBponH H A3HjH H l(a ce THX 60 roBopa He3HaTHO Me1)yc06Ho pa31ill­
KYjylOO. HanHcao je, l(a ce rOBopH H y Ma1)apcKoj, a/ill l(a ra, l(p2KaBHHM
MepaMa AycTpHje, nOAaKO 3aMelbyje Ma1)apcKH je3HK, Kao H l(a ce
roBOPHO Ha TypCKOM l(BOpylOl. IlejcoHeA pa3MaTpa CB. JepoHHMa H Ka­
2Ke 102 : "Suivant l'opinion de Guillaume Postel, les Serviens se servent
des caracters de Saint Jerome, ou des Dalmates, don't la Langue etoit
commune aux Illyriens, aux Panoniens & aux Mysiens.", Tj. "no MHm­
lbelbY fHjoMa IloCTeAa, Cp6H Hlill .1lSAMaTHHll.H KopHCTe CAOBa CB. Jepo­
HHMa, qHjH je je3HK 6HO y06lfqajeH KOl( HIillpa, IlaHoHall.a H MH3Hjall.a".
OBl(e ce PaAH 0 fHjOMY IloCTeAY (1510-1581) <ppaHll.YCKOM <pHAoco<py­
MHCTHKY,XYMaHHcTH,AHHrBHcTH,Ka6a/illCTH.
BaAeHTHHO Aaro, ayCTpHjcKH "KoHcHlbepe" 3a <pHHaHcHje 3a .1laA­
Mall.Hjy, HanHcao je TPOTOMHY CTYl(Hjy 0 .1lSAMall.HjH (Koja je y TO BpeMe
6HAa nOl( ynpaBoM AyCTpHje) , 06jaBlbeHY y BeHell.HjH 1869. - 1871.
rol(HHe. fOTOBO je H3AHmHO HarAamaBaTH, l(a je OBa AaroBa CTYl(Hja pa-
1)eHa 3a cAy2K:6eHe nOTpe6e Eeqa, qHjH je OH BHCOKH cAy2K:6eHHK y .1laA­
MaII.HjH. OBa lberoBa KOHCTaTall.Hja, Koja je y CKAal(y ca BeKOBHMa l(y­
rHM KOHTHHYHTeTOM HaBOl(a HaBel(eHOr HH3a pHMOKaTOlillqKHX MOHaxa­
HCTOpHqapa, jacHo nOKa3yje l(a HH OKO 1860. rol(HHe y HajBHmHM l(p­
2KaBHHM KpyroBHMa Eeqa HHje npeOBAal(aAa KOHCTpYKll.Hja 0 HaBOl(HOM
l(OCelbaBalbY Cp6a Ha XeAMcKo (EaAKaHCKO) nOAyoCTpBO H l(a ce lbHXOBa
l(peBHoCT Ha CBOjHM caBpeMeHHM eTHHqKHM npOCTopHMa He l(OBOl(H y
nHTalbe. BaAeHTHHO Aaro qaK HCTHqe l(a je TO TaKO "He Y3HMajynH y
063HP Malbe MHrpall.Hje".
OBl(e cy HaBel(eHH HeKH Ol( ayTopa, a/ill nocTojH BelillKH 6poj ay­
Topa H3 BpeMeHa npe MaBpa Op6HHHja H nOCAe lbera, KOjH qHlbeHHll.a­
Ma nOTBp1)yjy HcnpasHoCT HaBOl(a Koje l(aje Op6HHH. HapOqHTO ~Haqa­
jaH l(OnpHHOC l(ajy aYTopH KOjH y 036H1bHHM aHa/ill3aMa, 3aCHOBaHHM Ha
BelillKOM 6pojy H3Bopa, H3yqaBajy nHTalbe HIillpCKor je3HKa H nOBe3yjy
ra ca cpnCKHM, y3 MHoro CHCTeMaTH30BaHHX apryMeHaTa. Ee3 YAffiKelba
y npeBHme l(eTalba, HaBemneMO HeKe Ol( lbHX.
IlHTalbe HlillpCKor je3HKa je H3yqHO l(y6pOBaqKH <ppalbeBall. XVIII
BeKa Ce6aCTHjaH CAal(e-.1loAqH y CBOjOj CTYl(HjH 103 "0 CTapOCTH H pac­
npOCTpalbeHOCTH HAHpCKor je3HKa". Jom Ha nOqeTKY CBor mKOAOBalba
YCMepeH je Ha H3yqaBalbe CTapHHe cpnCKor ("HAHpCKor") je3HKa Ol(
CTpaHe MAaAOr l(y6poBaqKOr KAepHKa HHKOAe IlpHnHcaIillna. Ta qHlbe­
HHll.a, Kao H qHlbeHHll.a l(a je Ce6aCTHjaH CAaAe-.1loAqH KacHHje nOCTao
100 p. viii (IlejcoHeJI Ty HaBo,n;H ,n;a cy 3a OBY TBp,n;l:by H3BOP Gesnerus & Roccha,
BepOBaTHO Conrad Gessner H3 XVI BeKa, ayrop pe'lHHKa)
101 H .
nCTO, p.IX
10211cTO, p. xi
103 Sebastiano Dolci: "De Illyricae linguae vetustate et amplitudine", Venetis, 1754.
38
PHMOKaTOlillqKH KaAy1)ep, jacHo nOKa3yje BHme Ol( l(Ba BeKa KOHTH­
HYHTeTa npHXBaTaaa CTapHX KopeHa Cp6a Ha XeAMCKOM (EaAKaHCKOM)
nOAYOCTpBY H lbHXOBY HCTOBeTHOCT ca I1AHpHMa H l(pyrHM CTapOCel(e­
Oll.HMa. Taj KOHTHHYHTeT Hl(e Ol( BHHKa IlpH60jeBHna, npeKO MaBpa Op­
6HHHja, I1rlbaTa 1)yp1)eBHna, l(0 .1loAqHja, AneHl(HHHja H AHl(pHje KaqH­
na MHomHna. CBH OHH KopHCTe pHMOKaTOlillqKe 6H6AHOTeKe H ll.HTHpa­
6pojHe HeCAOBeHCKe pHMOKaTOlillqKe HCTOpHqape, KOjH H3Hoce HCTe
TBpl(lbe: <t>apAaTH, KapoA .1lH<ppeH .1lHKaH2K, I1mTBaH CHAa1), fe6xapl(H
H HapOqHTO CTaHHCAaB CeCTpeHll.eBHq-EorymlO4, KOjH je 6HO KaTOlillqKH
Kapl(HHaA, 6HCKYn BHAlbyca, enHCKon MalbCKH, apXHenHCKon MorHlbeBa
H npBH MHTponOAHT pHMO-KaTOAHqKe ll.pKBe y PyCKOM ll.apCTBY, HOCH­
Aall. 6POjHHX CBemTeHHqKHX 3Balba, qAaH MaATemKOr pel(a, nOqaCHH
qAaH PyCKe ll.apCKe aKaAeMHje HayKa HTl(. H KOjH nOTBp1)yje apryMeHTH­
Ma H HaBOl(HMa H3 AHTepaType MHore Ol( Op6HHHjeBHx HaBOl(a.
.1ly6poBaqKH <ppalbeBall. JoaKHM lliTYAH (lliTYAHn) 06jaBHo je y
EYl(HMY "AaTHHcKO-HTa/illjaHcKo-HAHPCKH AeKcHKoH" 1801. rOl(HHe 105 , a
1806. rol(HHe 06jaslbyje HAHPCKo-HTaIilljaHcKo-AaTHHCKY Bep3Hjy OBor
l(eAa nOl( HMeHOM "PjeqOCA02Kje"106. OBO H3l(albe HMa npel(roBop, KOjH je
HanHcao <t>paHqeCKO MapHja AneHl(HHH, HTaAHjaHcKH np0<pecop H
HCTOpHqap KlbH2KeBHOCTH, l(ocelbeHHK y lly6pOBHHK (pOl(OM H3 OKOAHHe
TopHHa)1°7. YCKOpO, 1810. rOl(HHe je 06jaBlbeHa HOBa Bep3Hja OBor lliry­
AHneBor l(eAa, OBora rryTa HTaIilljaHcKo-HAHPCKO-AaTHHCKa 108. Ilpel(ro­
BOp H OBOM H3,n:albY je HanHcao AneHl(HHH, TaAa Ben ,n:HpeKTOp l(y6po­
BaqKe rHMHa3Hje (1808-1834). OBaj TeKCT Cal(P2KH mHpy aHaAH3Y pac­
npoCTpalbeHocTH "HlillpcKor" je3HKa y BpeMe aHTHKe, ca noce6HHM oc­
BPTOM Ha MaAY A3Hjy l09.
AneH,n:HHH je 1802. H 1803. rol(HHe 06jaBHo ,n:BOTOMHY CTY,n:Hjy 0
l(y6poBaqKoj IillTepaTypHllO, y qHjeM npBoM TOMY je 06PaAHO HCTOPHjy
I1AHpa H HAHpCKOr je3HKa, a y ,n:pyroM TOMY l(eAa l(y6pOBaqKHX aYTopa;
104 Stanis lave Siestrzencewicz de Bogusz: "Recherches
Sarmates, des Esclavons et des Slaves", t. I, Pluchart et com., St Petersbou
Stanislave Siestrzencewicz: "Presis des recherches historiques sur l'origine des
Esclavons ou Slaves et des Sarmates", p. 34, De l'imprimerie de I'Academie Russe
Imperiale, St. Petersburg 1824.
105 loachimi Stulli Ragusini: "Lexicon latino-italico-illyricum", Budae, 1801.
106 Joachim Stulli Dubrochanin: "Rjecsosloxje", Dubrovnik, 1806.
107 Franciscus Maria Appendini : prestantia et vetustate linguae illyricae eiusqum
necessitate ad plurimarum gentium populorumque origines, et antiquitatem
ad loachimum Stullium ilIyrici lexici auctorem "RjecsosI6xje", p. v­
xxxii, Dubrovnik, 1806.
108 Gioachinno Stulli Raguseo: "Vocabolario iLc.tWtllll-lll
109 Francesco Maria Appendini: "Dell' la analogia della lingua degli antichi
dell' Asia Minore con la lengua dei popoli antichi e recenti della Tracia edell'
rico" prefazione ad Gioachinno Stulli Raguseo: "Vocabolario Italiano-illyrico­
latino"" p. 5-40, Ragusa, 1810.
110 Francesco Maria Appendini: "Notizie istorico-critiche sulle antichita storia e
letteratura de' Ragusei" t. 1; t. 2, Ragusa, 1802; 1803.
39
 ..,...­
1808. ne ArreH,n:HHH o6jaBHTH rrpBo, a 1828. ro,n:HHe ,n:pyro H3,n:aH>e
HAHpCKe rpaMaTHKe ll1 . 0 CTapoCTH HAHpCKor H ,n:pyrHX H>eMY CpO,n:HHX
je3HKa ArreH,n:HHH KruKe: "Tpa'IKH je3HK je HajcTapHjH, rrpBo6HTHH H
MaTH'IHH ... CMaTpa ce, HeMa cYMH>e, Taj je3HK je HCTH oHaj KOjHM cy ce
CAYJKHAH, aKO He CBH jacpeTOBCKH rroTOMqH, a OHO BenHHa H>HX, KaO IlITO
cy Tpa'IaHH, MaKe,n:OHqH, HAHPH, CKHTH, feTH, .lI.a'IaHH, KeATo-CKHTH H
,n:pyrH HapO,n:H aHTH'IKOr ,n:06a. Ce6aCTHjaH .lI.OA'IH ,n:OKa3ao (y ,n:HcepTa­
qHjH 0 CTapOCTH H pacrrpOCTpaH>eHOCTH HAHpCKor je3HKa) - He caMO Ha
OCHOBY HCTopHje, Hero H Ha OCHOBY pe'IH H CBe,n:O'IaHCTaBa Ha THM je3H­
qHMa.... YHCTHHY, Taj je3HK je 6HO y yrroTpe6H HeKa,n:a y TpaKHjH y
rrpaBOM 3Ha'IeH>Y, Koja ce, rro cBe,n:O'IaHCTBY TIAHHHjeBoM (IV, 11.), Me­
AHHOM (II:, 1) H ,n:pyrHX, rpaHH'IHAa ca PyCKHM MopeM, .lI.yHaBoM, Erej­
CKHM MopeM H HAHPHjOM, (IlITO) HecyMH>HBO rroKa3yjy H3pa3H cTapHX
Tpa'IaHa, KOje, yrropel)eHe C ,n:aHaIDH>HM HAHpCKHM pe'IHMa Herrocpe,n:­
HO H O,n:Max HaBo,n:HMo, 6e3 HKaKBOr arrapaTa o,n:roBapajyne yqeHoCTH,
6y,n:ynH, ,n:a HaCTojHMo, ,n:a 6y,n:eMo KpaTKH."
Y CBOjHM AHHrBHCTH'IKHM aHaAH3aMa H3 1846. ro,n:HHe Ka3HMHp
IIlYAq je YTBp,n:HO Be3e H3Mel)y ,n:peBHHX rrAeMeHa Ha XeAMcKoM (BaA­
KaHCKOM) rroAYOCTpBy112. OBY aHaAH3Y IIlyAu; 3aBpIlIaBa KOHCTaTaqHjoM
,n:a cy Ha3HBH Tpa'IaHHH H HAHp ,n:aa HMeHa je,n:Hor HCTor po,n:a, 'IHje cy
HMe pa3AH'IHTO yrroTpe6lhaBaAH fpqH H PHMlhaHH. qHTaBY ceBepHY 3eM­
lhY, y KOjOj cy :lKHBeAH Tpa'IaHH H HAHPH, CTapH cy Ha3HBaAH TpaKHjoM,
,n:OK cy HCTY Ty 3eMlhY ,n:pyrH KacHHje Ha3HBaAH MAHPHjOM.113 IIlYAq
,n:oKa3yje je,n:HHCTBeHocT Tpa'IKO-HAHpCKOr je3HKa, KOMe rrpHKlhyqyje ,n:H­
jaAeKTe CBHX Tpa'IKHX H HAHPCKHX o6AacTH, rra H MaKe,n:oHHjy, y3 rr03H­
BaH>e Ha 6pojHe aHTH'IKe rrHcqe. IIlYAq, Ha OCHOBY CTpa6oHoBHX CBe­
,n:O'IaHCTaBa H HHKoAe .lI.aMaCKHHa 114, ,n:aje H 3aKJhyqaK 0 je,n:HaKOCTH
rrAeMeHa ca pa3AH'IHTHM HMeHHMa (Tpa'IaHH, HAHPH H .lI.aKo-feTH, TIa­
HOHH, HOpHqH, BHH,n:eAHKH H PeTH) 115. CBHM THM rro6pojaHHM rrAe­
MeHHMa je3HK je, rrpeMa IIlYAJJ;y, 6HO HAHpO-Tpa'IKH, HAH, KaKO je
TIoAH6Hje HarrHcao, HAHpCKH je3HK je 6HO ,n:HjaAeKT Tpa'IKOr linguam
fllyricam fuisse dialectum Thracicae, O,n:HOCHO, rrpeMa JYCTHHy,.E(llKHjqH
cy rroTOMqH feTa - Dacos soboles Getarum esse116.
Ha OCHOBY 6POjHHX rr03HBaH>a Ha aHTH'-IKe H3Bope, o,n: KOjHX je
,n:eo HaBe,n:eH y rrpeTxo,n:HOM TeKCTY, Ka3HMHp IIlyAu; 3aBpIlIaBa CBOjy
CTy,n:Hjy 3aKlhyqqHMa l17 : ,,(1) HAHPH H Tpa'IaHH 6HAH cy HCTor rropeKAa H
II. Francesco Maria Appendini : "Grammatica della lingua illirica", Ragusa, 1808.
12 Casimirus Szulc: "De origine et sedibus veterum IIIyriorum", Academia Viadrina
Vratislaviensi, Posnaniae, 1846.
I3 Casimirus Szulc: "De origine et sedibus veterum IIlyriorum", p. 16, Academia
Viadrina Vratislaviensi, Posnaniae, 1846.
114 Nicolaus Damascens de institutionibus Caes. Aug. I.
115 Casimirus Szulc: ,,De origine et sedibus veterum Illyriorum", p. 28-29, Academia
Viadrina Vratislaviensi, Posnaniae, 1846.
116 lustinus XXXII.
17 Casimirus Szulc: "De origine et sedibus veterum IIlyriorum", p. 77-78, Academia
119 MHpocnaB OaHml'i: "Ce6acmjaH CJIa,lJ.e-)J;OJILm", c. 173-182, CAH, TIoce6Ha H3,lJ.a­
Viadrina Vratislaviensi, Posnaniae, 1846.
1ha K. 288, O,lJ.eJheIbe flHTeparype Hje3HKa K. 7, Iieorpa,lJ., 1957.
40
HCTHX 06H'Iaja. (2) HCTOr rropeKAa Kao OHH 6HAa cy rrAeMeHa, Koja cy
HaCTaH>HBaAa AArre, HCTO'IHY HTaAHjy, OC06HTO BeHeTH, HOpHqH, BHH­
,n:eAHqH H CTaHoBHHqH PeqHje. (3) Tpa'IKO-HAHpcKa IlAeMeHa 3aY3HMaAa
cy H o6AaCTH OKO ropH>er .lI.yHaBa H TO: jY:lKHY H HCTO'IHY fepMaHHjy o,n:
,n:aBHHHe. (4) HAHpO-Tpa'IaHH ce HHCY rrojaBHAH TeK o,n: BHpe6HCToBor H
.lI.eKeBaAOBOr BpeMeHa, Ben cy :lKHBeAH o,n: HajBenHX ,n:aBHHHa rrO'IeB o,n:
KaprraTa, rra rro BaCKOAHKHM ceBepHHM 06AaCTHMa, rrO'IeB o,n: XepqHH­
CKHX rrAaHHHa, rra CBe ,n:o BaATH'IKOr Mopa. (5) CAoBeHH ce HHCY rroja­
BHAH jY:lKHO o,n: .lI.yHaBa TeK y VI BeKY, Ben cy OH,n:e 06HTaBaAH o,n: HajCTa­
PHjHX BpeMeHa Kao HAHpo-Tpa'IaHH. TaKO cy y BpeMe pHMCKe BAa,n:a­
BHHe, 3a BpeMe JYCTHHHjaHoBo, ceBepHH CAOBeHH ,n:OIlIAH H OCHa:lKHAH
CTapoce,n:eoqe y H>HXOBHM ce,n:HIlITHMa, 3a,n:p:lKaBIlIH 06H'Iaje, ypel)eH>e H
Ca'IYBaBIlIH je3HK rrpe,n:aKa."
qaK H pHMOKaTOAH'IKH rrHcqH ca jacHoM opHjeHTaqHjoM Ka rrpe­
Bol)eH>Y cprrCKHX o,n:pe,n:HHqa y xpBaTCKe H rrpoH3Bol)eH>Y XpBaTa o,n: He­
Ka,n:aIlIH>HX Cp6a (rrO'IeB o,n: HBaHa i\yqHna) He MOry ,n:a 3ao6Hl)y BenHHY
THX 'IHH>eHHqa. CprrCKHM H xpBaTCKHM HCTOpH'IapHMa ca Kpaja XIX
BeKa cy CBH TH cTapHjH H3BOPH 6HAH ,n:ocTyrrHH. OTBopeHo OMaAOBa­
:lKaBaH>e .lI.oA'IHjeBe aHaAH3e o,n: CTpaHe BaTpocAaBa JarHna llS ce MO:lKe H
pa3YMeTH y OKBHPY xpBaTcKor HaqHOHaAHOr rrporpaMa rrpHcBajaH>a ,n:e­
AOBa cprrcKe HCTopHje, aAH CAH'IaH "rrperrHCHBa'IKH" O,n:HOC cprrcKHx ay­
TOpa l19 ce He MO:lKe pa3YMeTH, HHTH orrpaB,n:aTH.
BHAO 6H HeAOrH'IHO CTaBlhaTH rro,n: CyMH>y OBaKBe YCKAal)eHe Ha­
Bo,n:e KaTOAH'IKHX HCTOpH'Iapa - je3YHTa. OH Haj'IeIlIne He rrHIlIy HCTO­
pHje ,n:p:lKaBa H Hapo,n:a, Ben qpKBeHY HCTOPHjy .lI.aAMaqHje. To cy rro
rrpaBHAy ,n:06po IlIKOAOBaHH lhy,n:H y je3YHTcKHM IlIKOAaMa, Koje cy y TO
BpeMe rrpe,n:CTaBlhaAe Haj60lhe Moryne 06pa30BaH>e. TaKol)e ce ,n:06po 3Ha
,n:a OHH 3a cBoje aHaAH3e pacrrOAa:lKY orpOMHHM CPOH,n:OM BaTHKaHCKe H
,n:pyrHX 6H6AHOTeKa, Kao H ,n:a ce H>HXOBe TBp,n:I£,e KOHTHHYaAHO jaBlhajy y
BHIlIe cry,n:Hja TOKOM BHIlIe o,n: 'IeTHpH BeKa, 6e3 H'IHjer ocrrOpaBaH>a.
Ha OBO Tpe6a rrpH,n:o,n:aTH H 'IHH>eHHJJ;y, ,n:a Te HCTe cry,n:Hje 06HA­
HO KopHcTe 3arOBopHHqH qHlhHO MO,n:HcpHKoBaHHx TeopHja T3B. "KpH­
TH'IKOr HCTopHjcKor rrpHcTyrra", cBy,n:a r,n:e HM H>HXOBH HaBo,n:H o,n:ro­
Bapajy. Ha OCHOBY Tora je BeOMa yrryTHO KOPHCTHTH OBO 60raTCTBO o,n:
HCTopHjcKe AHTepaType, a CBaKa 'IHH>eHHqa y KOPHCT crrpOBe,n:eHHX aHa­
AH3a HCTOBpeMeHO je H jaK apryMeHT 3a ,n:06py 3aCHOBaHOCT MeTo,n:OAOIlI­
Kor rrpHCTyrra. MHore 3AOHaMepHe HCTopHjcKe cry,n:Hje, ca OCHOBHHM II,H­
lheM ,n:a MHHHMH3Hpajy HCTOPHjCKY rrpOIlIAOCT Cp6a H ,n:pyrHx CAOBeHa,
06HAaTO KopHCTe II,HlhHO o6pal)eHe 'IHH>eHHqe H3 CTY,n:Hja OBHX ayTopa.
To je oH,n:a, caCBHM 6e3 cYMH>e, Ba:lKaH MOTHB 3a Tpa:lKeH>e KOPHCHHX
HHcpopMaqHja y H>HMa (a pa3Aor je je,n:HOCTaBaH H BpAO AOrH'IaH - 'IaK H
:lKeCTOKO CPaACHcpHKoBaHa cry,n:Hja Mopa ,n:a KOPHCTH orpoMaH 6poj Ta'I­
HHX 'IHH>eHHII,a, KaKO 6H qHlhHH CPaACHcpHKaT 6HO 3aMacKHpaH).
118 Vatroslav lagic: "Slovjensko jezikoslovje", s. 90, Knjizevnik knj. Druga, Zagreb,
1865.
41
 -
.lla,a:ajMa jo.ll Ha Kpajy aBar KpaTKar rrperAe,a:a ,a:aje cyllTHHa HC­
THHHTaCTH rrpBHX rro.rAaBlba "l\.eTarrHca rro.rra ,l1yK1baHHHa" (6e3 YAa:iKelba
y rraje,a:HHaqHe HerrpeIJ.H3HaCTH) rro.TBpoeHa H apXeo.AallKHM HaAa3HMa.
ApXeo.Ao.r 1)apoe JaHKaBHh je rraqeTKaM ,a:eBe,a:eceTllX ra,a:HHa XX BeKa
BPillHo. 6pajHa HCKarraBaH>a Ha TepHTo.PHjH Perry6AllKe CprrCKe KpajHHe
H Perry6AHKe CprrCKe. Pe3YATaT je 6Ho. o.TKpHhe rro.rpe6HHX o.CTaTaKa
caxpaH>eHllX Cp6a, T3B. 2Po..M:UAa jo.ll H3 IV BeKa H lbHXo.Ba aqHrAe,a:Ha
Be3a C PHMCKHM BajHHM nyreBHMa. 120 OBe rpoMHAe He 6H Mo.rAe ,a:a rra­
cTaje rrpeMa CTaBo.BHMa 3BaHHqHHX HCTo.PHqapa, MeOyTHM aHe rro.CTo.je
H rro.Ka3yjy ,a:a ce pa,a:H a BajHHIJ.HMa Ko.jH ce pacrrapeoyjy y 6AH3HHH Haj­
Ba:iKHHjHX rrYTeBa I1MrrepHje. To. H apXeaAo.llKH rro.TBpoyje 3aKlbyqKe Ha­
lle o.6HMHe MYATH,a:HCIJ.HIIAHHapHa 3aCHo.BaHe cry,a:Hje, rrpeMa Ko.jHMa cy
y TO BpeMe Cp6H, aYTaXTo.HH CTaHo.BHHIJ.H XeAMCKo.r (EaAKaHCKar) rraAy­
o.CTpBa, 6HAH H HaCHo.IJ.H Bo.jHe MahH PHMCKar IJ.apCTBa.
TpajaHae MaBpa Op6aaaja
T3B. "KPHTHqHH HAll HayqHH rrpHcryrr" rrpe,a:CTaBlba caMa rrpa3Hy
,a:eKAapaIJ.Hjy, a y rrpaKCH ce pa,ll;H a IJ.HlbHo.M rrpaH3BaoeH>Y 3aKlbyqaKa
Ha aCHaBY rraBo.lbHa a,a:a6paHllX H3Bapa H qHlbeHHIJ.a II Ha lbHMa crrpaBe­
,a:eHHX aHaAH3a. OBaKaB MeTa,a: rra cBajaj ,a:ecpHHHIJ.HjH ,n;eAyje Ko.peKTHo.,
aAH CBaKa o.TKpHhe Ho.BHX qHlbeHHIJ.a rrpe,a:CTaBlbaAa 6H, ca rAe,n;HllTa
carrCTBeHe HayqHe MeTo.,n;o.AarHje, o.6aBe3Y ,a:a H3Be,a:eHH 3aKlbyqIJ.H 6y.llY
rrpeHcrrHTaHH H rro.TBpl)eHH H y CBeTAY HaBllX qHlbeHHIJ.a. HapaBHa, Ta­
KaB rrpHcTyrr HHje rrpHMelbeH rrpH Ko.HCTPYHCaH>Y HCTo.PHje eBPo.rrCKllX
KaAaHHjaAHHX ,n;p:>KaBa H lbllXo.BllX Hapo.,n;a. HHje rrpHMelbeH HH y 6po.j­
HHM cpa3aMa pe,n;ecpHHHCaH>a HCTo.PHje Cp6a H ,a:pymx CAo.BeHa.
To. ce Ha rrpHMepy Cp6a CaCTo.jaAa y CHCTeMaTCKaM rro.THCKHBalbY
peaAHe HCTo.PHje H MHHHMH3HpalbY yAo.re Cp6a. Hacyrrpo.T TaMe, CBaKH
Ho.Ae yrraTpe6lbHB rra,n;aTaK je HCKo.PHllheH 3a rro.jaqaBalbe 3Haqaja HCTO­
pHje XpBaTa, y3 CHCTeMaTCKa 3aHeMapHBalbe qHlbeHHIJ.e ,n;a je Taj- !rapo.,a:
rrpaKTJIqHo. BellTaqKH rrpo.H3Bo.,a:, HaCTao. KaTaAllqelbeM Cp6a. CBH Ta­
KBH 3aKlbyqIJ.H cy ycrraCTaBlbeHH jall rrpe aKa je,a:Ho.r H rra BeKa H ,a:arMa­
TH3aBaHH, rrpeTBapalbeM y ,je,a:HHY HCTo.PHjCKY HCTHHY". CprrCKH HCTo.­
pHqapH cy CBe TO. rrpHXBaTaAH y HMe pa3Hapo.,n;HHX H,a:eaAo.rHja H "BH­
llllX IJ.HlbeBa", aAH Ha BeAllKY :>KaAaCT, o.HH TO. HaCTaBlbajy rra HHepIJ.HjH
H ,n;aHac, Ka,ll;a 3a TO. BHlle HeMa peaAHllX o.6pa3Aa:>KeH>a. Y MeoyspeMeHY
CTaAHa paCTe HHTeH3HTeT rrpHcBajalba cprrCKe HCTapHje o.,a: CTpaHe o.,a:pa­
oeHHX ,a:eAo.Ba, KajH HMajy Ha TO. rrpaBa, peaAHa rAe,a:aHa, CaMo. y aHo.AH­
Ko.j MepH KaAllKa rrpH3Hajy CBo.je HecrrapHa cprrCKa rro.peKAa.
.llaHallH>H cprrCKH HCTo.PHqapH Beo.Ma MaAa a6paOyjy rrepHo.,n; rra­
CAe HaBa,a:Ho.r ,n;o.CelbaBalba Cp6a y VII BeKY. Hajqellhe ce rro.,a:pa3YMeBa
,a:a cy Cp6H 6HAH rra,a: paMejcKaM H KacHHje H 6yrapcKaM BAaillhy. Y CBe­
My TaMe ce HeillTO Beha rra:>Klba rracBehyje BeAllKo.j :>KYrraHHjH PallKaj,
120 nop~e JaHKoBHn: "CprrcKe rpoMHne", CeeCJlOeeUCKu caee] HHII KlbU.?lCeeHa pe'!,
Eeorpa)1" 1998.
42
rra ce qaK o.IIliCyjy H rrepHo.,a:H BAa,a:aBHHe ,a:HHaCTHje BHIlleCAaBHha, rrpH
qeMY ce BHIlleCAaBHhH rro.Be3yjy ca 3arrHCo.M Ko.HCTaHTHHa VII IIo.pqm­
Po.reHHTa. Y TaKBo.M pe3o.Ho.Balby, rro.,a:aIJ.H H3 CTape AllTepaType HHCY
6HAll rro.ro,a:HH, rra cy rrperrpaBlbaHH, HAll jo.ll qellhe HrHo.PHCaHH. IIo.Be­
3HBalbe rrpHqe H3 "l\.eTo.rrHCa rro.rra ,llyKlbaHHHa" H IIo.pqmpo.reHHTOBe
Ko.HCTpYKIJ.Hje HHje 6HAo. peaAHo. H3Bo.)1.lbHBo., jep ce jaBlba rrepHo.,a: rrpe­
KH,a:a H HejacHHx Be3a. IIPH To.Me ce yrAaBHo.M HHKo. H HHje Tpy,a:Ho. ,a:a
pa3,a:Bo.jH rrHTaH>e PallKe o.,a: rrHTalba o.rrllTHje cprrCKe ,a:p:>KaBe, HaKo. TO.
"l\.eTo.rrHC rro.rra ,llyKlbaHHHa" "KpalbeBCTBo. CAo.BeHa" MaBpa Op6HHHja H
6Po.jHH KaTo.AHqKH H3Bo.PH jaCHo. ,a:eqmHHillY. Pe,a:aK H3Y3eTaK y TOMe je
Pelba Ho.BaKo.BHh, Ko.jH je jaCHo. rro.Ka3ao.121 ,a:a y rrepHo..llY o.,a: VII -XII
BeKa je3rpo. cprrCKe ,a:p:>KaBe Tpe6a Tpa:iKHTH y T3B. 3aropjy, o.,a:HaCHo. y
KarrHeHo.M ,a:eAy XeAMCKar (EaAKaHCKar) rraAyaCTpBa H3Meoy CaBe, ,a:H­
HapcKar rrAaHHHCKo.r MaCHBa H y PalIlKo.j.
"KpalbeBCTBo. CAo.BeHa" ce Haj3a,a: HaAa3H rrpe,a: qHTaaIJ.eM y CBo.jaj
HHTerpaAHo.j Bep3HjH Ha cprrCKaM je3HKY H aH ce Ma:>Ke ysepHTH ,a:a je
3aCHo.BaHo. Ha KapHllheH>Y qHlbeHHIJ.a H3 a6HAHe H jacHa HaBe,a:eHe All­
Teparype. OHa jacHa rro.TBpOyje o.Ha llTa je a CTBapHaj cprrcKaj HCTapHjH
,a:aHac Beh caCBHM cHrypHa H3ByqeHa H3 HaMepHa HaHeTHX HaCAara 3a­
6o.paBa. qHTaAaIJ. ce MO:>Ke yBepHTH ,a:a je Op6HHH CHCTeMaTCKH ca6paa
qHlbeHHIJ.e H3 cprrCKe HCTOpHje, a6je,a:HlbyjyhH rra,a: HMeHaM CAaBeHa
(rrpeMa jaCHo.M 3a,ll;aTKY rraAllTHKe BaTHKaHa) 6e36pajHa HMeHa 3a Cp6e,
KajH cy y arpo.MHaM 6pajy H3Bapa Ha3HBaHH: TpH6aAHMa, l1AHpHMa,
TpaqaHHMa, CrrapHMa, 3Hp6HMa, BeH,a:HMa, BeHe,a:HMa, rerrH,a:HMa,,lly­
lbe6HMa, Ja3HrHMa, .llaAMaTHMa, EeCHMa, .llaqaHHMa, reTHMa, raTHMa,
ro.TaCAo.BeHHMa, AHTHMa, ParnaHHMa, PaIJ.HMa, PacHjaHHMa, MH3HMa,
XYHHMa, YHHMa, IIaHaHIJ.HMa, IIeaHHMa, CKHTHMa, CapMaTHMa, CHM­
6pHMa, UHM6pHMa, KHMBpHMa, Ca6HpHMa, CaqmpHMa, CeBepHMa,
Cap,a:HMa, Cep,a:HMa, CKo.P,a:HMa, CKap,a:HCIJ.HMa, BaH,a:aAHMa, BHH,a:HAH­
Ma, HT,a:. 3a HCTapHqape KaAaHHjaAHHX CHAa cy CBa aBa HMeHa ,a:o.Ka3 ,a:a
Cp6H HHCY HH rro.CTajaAH Ha cBajHM HCKaHCKHM TepHTapHjaMa, rra TBp,a:e
,a:a cy Te TepHTapHje repMaHCKe. I1rraK, 6pajHH rrpHrra,ll;HHIJ.H CAaBeHCKe
aYTo.XTo.HHCTHqKe llKo.Ae cy aCTaBHAH o.6Hlbe aHaAH3a H ,a:aKa3a ,a:a ce
H3a aBllX HMeHa KPHjy Cp6H - a,a:HaCHa CAo.BeHH, y llHpeM CMHCAy.
OBaj rrpHKa3 ce Hehe yrryillTaTH y 6HTHHje aHaAH3e TBp,a:lbH H3
Op6HHHjeBo.r "KpalbeBCTBa CAo.BeHa", rraroTOBY He y Be3H ca ,a:pyrHM ,a:e­
AaM cry,a:Hje, 3a KajH rracTOje ,a:eTalbHHjH H KBaAHTeTHHjH H3Bo.PH a,a:
aHHX Ko.je je Op6HHH KapHCTHa. CyrnTHHCKH ,a:ea CTy,a:Hje - lberaBa rrpBa
rraAaBHHa je CTaBlbeH rrpe,a: qHTaaIJ.e, qHMe je HajBa:iKHHjH IJ.Hlb 3a rrpH­
rrpeMy o.Bar H3,a:alba rraCTHrHYT, a aH YKa3yje Ha H3Y3eTHa .llY6aKe Kape­
He cprrCKe HCTapHje (,a:eTalbHo. o.6paoeHe y cry,a:HjaMa y Ko.jHMa je yqec­
TBo.Bao. H ayTo.P aBe YBa,a:He cry,a:Hje a Op6HHHjeBo.M ,a:eAy122). HeKaKBa
rraAeMHKa ca ayTo.PHMa paHHjllX Ko.MeHTapa 6HAa 6H 6ecrrpe,a:MeTHa.
121 PeJba Ho.BaKo.BHn: "f):le ce HaJIa3Hna Cp6Hja 0.):1 VII )1,0. XII BeKa", HcmopujcKu
uflcmumym y EeozpaiJy Ii HapoiJfla Klbuza, Eeo.rpa)1" 1981.
122 JOBaH H. )];epeTHn, )];paroJby6 II. AH'I'Hn: "HCTo.PHja Cp6a H Pyca - rrpaHapO):la EB­
porre, rrpBa H )1,pyra KH>lira", rafieUla 1G~y6, Eeorpa):l, 2013.
43
 .,.....­
DperAe.a; KOpHWheHHX H3BOpa MaBpa OpoHHHja
MaBpo Op6HHH Ha rrOqeTKY "KpalbeBCTBa CAoBeHa" )J,aje 06HMHY
AHCTy KopHmneHHx H3Bopa (c. IX-XI), HacAoBlbeHY ca ,,AYTOPH Il.HTHpaHH
y OBOM )J,eAY". J\HcTa je CBOjOM )J,J)KHHOM (286 HaBe)J,eHHX HMeHa) H ayTO­
pHTeToM aYTopa ca l:he )J,OBO)J,HAa y HerrpHjaTHY rrpHAHKY CBe HOBHje HC­
TOpHqape, KOjH cy YAa3HAH y aHaAH3e ca HaMepoM )J,a Hal)y apryMeHTe
3a 3aMepKe HayqHoj MeTo)J,oAorHjH H HcrrpaBHocTH HaBO)J,a MaBpa Op­
6HHHja. To HHje 6HO AaK rro)J,JxBaT, rroroToBY llITO je Tpe6aAo rrperAe)J,a­
TH BeAHKoj 6poja CTapHx Kl:hHra, O)J, KOjHX MHore HHCY HH 6HAe )J,oCTyrrHe
y 6H6AHOTeKaMa ca KOjHM ce paCrrOAaraAO. 06jeKTHBHo pe"leHO, CBaKH
O)J, HCTpIDKHBaqa je Morao )J,a pa3MoTpH caMO OrpaHH"leH 6poj THX Kl:hH­
ra, a 3a OCTaTaK je HMao MorynHoCT rrpHXBaTaTha HcrrpaBHOCTH HaBol)e­
l:ha (Ha OCHOBY YTHCKa y Be3H ca HaBol)el:heM "lHTheHHlJ,a H3 Kl:hHra Koje je
rrperAe)J,ao), HAH )J,a 6e3 YCTe3al:ha rrpH3Ha )J,a HHje ycrreo )J,a )J,oQe )J,O ThHX.
HeKH cy 0)J,a6paAH HeKopeKTHY MeTo)J,oAorHjy - rrporAalliaBal:he )J,a He
rroCTojH OHO y llITa ce HHCY AH"lHO yBepHAH, 6e3 rrpH3HaBal:ha peaAHO
OrpaHH"leHHX MorynHocTH 3a Taj YBH)J,.
IToAa3Ha OCHOBa 3a AHCTY Koja CAe)J,H 6HAe cy )J,Be 06HMHe AHCTe
Op6HHHjeBHx H3Bopa rrpHpel)eHe 3a cprrcKo-xpBaTcKo H3)J,al:ha 1968. 123
H xpBaTCKO H3)J,al:he 1999. rO)J,HHe 124. 11.HpKoBHneBa AHCTa je pal)eHa rro)J,
Te)KHM YCAoBHMa 3a HaAIDKel:he cTapHx H3)J,al:ha Kl:hHra ca Op6HHHjeBe
AHcTe, llITO je caCBHM pa3YMlbHBO. OHa je rrpe)J,CTaBlbaAa OAaKllIal:he 3a
H3pall,y AHCTe illYl:heKa H illHmKa, Koja, He caMO 360r Tora, rrpe)J,CTaBlba
036H1baH HCKopaK y rrpOHaAIDKel:hY )J,o)J,aTHHx rro)J,aTaKa H ca)J,p)KH KO­
peKTHHje YKa3HBal:he Ha YO"leHe rrp06AeMe. 11.HpKoBHneB CTaB )J,a je Op­
6HHH cTBapHo Morao qHTaTH )J,eAa CaMO OKO 10% aYTopa ca AHCTe, KO)J,
illYl:heKa H illHllIKa je rroMeHYT y3 orpa)J,J )J,a je TO »TemKO rrOTBp)J,HTH
HAH orrOBprHYTH". TaKol)e cy pel)H KOMeHTapH )J,a Op6HHH HeKH O)J, H3­
Bopa HHje Morao )J,a "lHTa, HAH )J,a je ayTopa HaBeo y AHCTH rrpeKo HH)J,H­
peKTHor ca3Haffia. HeKH O)J, "TajaHcTBeHHX" aYTopa cy Ha AHCTH Illyl:heKa
H liIHllIKa H)J,eHTHcpHKOBaHH, a rroce6HO je apryMeHToBaHo HCTaKHYT
rrp06AeM HeycrremHe H)J,eHTHcpHKalJ,Hje JepeMHje Pyca (y3 YKa3HBaThe Ha
YO"leHe rrpaBlJ,e Tparal:ha 3a l:hHM) , KOjH je paHHje qaK oTBopeHo rrpo­
rAalliaBaH H3MHmlbeHHM aYTopoM KO)J, HeKHX HCTOpHqapa, Il.HlbHO yCMe­
peHHX Ka )J,HcKpe)J,HTOBal:hY Op6HHHjeBor HayqHor rrpHcryna. AYTOPH
06ejy AHCTa HHCY 6AarOHaKAOHH rrpeMa Op6HHHjeBHM HaBO)J,HMa H H)J,eH­
THcpHKalJ,Hje 6pOjHHX Hapo)J,a H rrAeMeHa ca CAoBeHHMa, aAH cy 06e AHC­
Te (HapOqHTO OBa )J,pyra) y BeAHKoj MepH "lHl:heHHIl.aMa rrOKa3aAe )J,a je
AHCTa Op6HHHjeBHX H3Bopa BpAO 06HMHa H )J,a ce pa)J,H 0 ayTopHMa KOjH
cy Ba)KHH H3BOPH 3a HCTopHjcKe rrepHO)J,e Koje 06pal)yjy.
123 C. liHpKoBHn: "RmopH MaRpa Op6HHa", y MaBpo Op6HHH: "KpaJbeBCTBO CJlO­
BeHa ", c. 379-428, CpncKa KH:>U."JICe(ma 3aiJpyza, Eeorpa.n:, 1968.
124 Franjo Sanjek, Marinko Sisak: "Orbinijevi izvori (biljeske)" prilog u Mavro Orbini:
"Kraljevstvo Slavena", s. 535-576, Golden Marketing i Narodne novine, Zagreb,
1999.
44
ITPHAHKOM H3pa,ne AHCTe Koja CAe)J,H, rrpeTXO)J,HO OrrHCaHe AHCTe
cy HCKOpHIlineHe KaO rrOAa3HH MaTepHjaA, aAH 6e3 MOTHBa 3a Op6HHHje­
BY)J,HCKpe)J,HTaIl.Hjy. HarrpOTHB, aYTop OBe YBO)J,He CTy)J,Hje je yqeCHHK y
H3pa)J,H 06HMHHX CTY)J,Hja HCTOPHjCKHX rrepHO)J,a (HaBe)J,eHHX y rrpeTXO)J,­
HOM )J,eAY OBe YSO)J,He CTY)J,Hje) , pal)eHe y3 MYATH)J,HCIl.HrrAHHapHO rrOBe­
3HBa:ffie orpOMHor 6poja qHffieHHIl.a H KopHIlineffie orpOMHor 6poja HCTO­
PHjCKHX H3Bopa, KOjH qHHe OCHOB 3a H3yqaBaffie eTHoreHe3e H CTape HC­
TopHje HajMonHHjHx )J,aHamffiHX eBporrCKHX HapO)J,a (HeMaIl.a, <PpaH­
Il.Y3a, EHrAe3a) H BIDKe 3a rrOY3)J,aHe H3Bope. TaKBe aHaAH3e cy pe3yATo­
BaAe TeMelbHO H3MeI:beHOM CAHKOM )J,peBHe HCTopHje Cp6a H )J,pyrHx CAO­
BeHa. Y cpopMHpaffiY Te CAHKe Y3eTH cy Y 063HP MHorH O)J, Op6HHHjeBHx
H3Bopa, rra je H )J,eAO MaBpa Op6HHHja y BeAHKoj MepH y CKAalI,y ca l:hOM.
360r Tora cy rrO)J,aIl.H H3 HaBe)J,eHHX AHCTa 1'mpKoBHna H liIaI:be­
Ka H liIHlbKa rrOl/,BprHyTH rrpoBepH H KopHroBaHH cy HeKH KOMeHTapH
rrpeBHme 060jeHH OMaAOBIDKaBaI:beM HAH HerHpal:heM Op6HHHjeBor Ha­
yqHor rrpHcTyrra. l'l3pa)J,a OBaKO MO)J,HcpHKoBaHe AHCTe y )J,aHallIl:hHM yc­
AOBHMa je BHmeCTpYKO OAaKmaHa )J,ocTyrrHomny 3HaqajHor )J,eAa Op6H­
HHjeBHx H3Bopa y eAeKTpoHcKoj CPOPMH H 6pOjHHM rrO)J,aIl.HMa 0 aYTopH­
Ma H l:hHXOBHM )J,eAHMa Ha f'f1.-LmepH.emy. Y3 )J,J)KHO rrOlliTOBal:he BeAHKor
Tpy)J,a aYTopa rrpeTXO)J,HHX aHaAH3a, yrroTpe6lbeHH cy l:hHXOBH rrO)J,aIl.H y
BeAHKoj MepH, aAH y3 KOpeKIl.Hje 3a HeKe rrpHMepe Ha OCHOBY carAe)J,a­
HHX HOBHX )J,ocTyrrHHx rrO)J,aTaKa.
HIDKaAOCT, HeKH aYTopH ca Op6HHHjeBe AHCTe MOPaAH cy OCTaTH
HeH)J,eHTHcpHKoBaHH H y OBOM rrpHKa3Y, )J,eAOM 3aTO mTO cy 6HAH peTKH
H y Op6HHHjeBo BpeMe H rrOTOM cy YKAOl:heHH HAM HeHaMepHO YHHmTeHH
(HapOqHTO PYCKH AeTorrHCH, KOjH cy cBojeBpeMeHo rrpOlliAH TeMelbHY
liIAeIl.epoBY "T'IHCTKY"), )J,eAOM 360r Op6HHHjeBor CrrelJ,HcpHqHOr CHCTeMa
HaBol)el:ha HMeHa (qaK H Mel)y HajBHllIe KopHmneHHM H3BopHMa), 360r
qera HX je )J,aHac rOTOBO HeMoryne rrperr03HaTH. Y CBaKOM cAyqajy, HeMa
HHKaKBe AorHKe )J,a cy TH H3BOPH H3MHllIlbeHH, HHTH TaKBOM AorHKOM
MO)Ke )J,a ce ocrropH cyllITHHa Op6HHHjeBor )J,eAa, jep yrAaBHOM CBaKJ
TherOBY 6HTHHjy HCTOPHjCKY ClJ,eHY rroKpHBa BHme aYTopa ()J,OBOlbaH 6poj
ThHXOBHX )J,eAa je )J,oCTyITaH) H ThHXOBe TBp)J,l:he Y3ajaMHo He o)J,J)J,apajy.
J\HCTa Op6HHHjeBHx H3Bopa )J,aTa je rrpeMa pe)J,OCAe)J,J H3 opHrH­
HaAa, rrpH qeMY je y rrpBOM pe)J,J 3aKOmeHHM (HTaAHKOBaHHM) CAOBHMa
HCTaKHYT Op6HHHjeB HaqHH HaBol)eThe HMeHa ayTopa. Hcrro)J, Tora CAe­
)J,H KpaTKH rrpHKa3 rrO)J,aTaKa 0 TOMe aYTopy, qHje je HMe rrpeMa cprr­
CKOM H3rOBOpy HCTaKHYTO MaCHHM (60A,nOBaHHM) CAOBHMa. CAe)J,e rro)J,a­
lJ,H 0 l:herOBOM HMeHY y 0pHrHHaAY H Haj"lemne Ha AaTHHCKOM, OCHOBHH
rrO)J,alJ,H H3 6HorpacpHje H YKa3HBal:he Ha 06jaBlbeHa )J,eAa. 3a HeKe ay­
Tope cy )J,aTH )J,OrryHCKH )J,eTaILH H Ba)KHH rrO)J,alJ,H. KOMeHTapH 0 HeKa­
KBOM rrocTojaThY HAH HerroCTojal:hY HaBe)J,eHor aYTopa cy H36erHYTH. 3a
HeKe O)J, ayTopa je je)J,HOCTaBHO HarrOMeHYTO )J,a HHje YTBpl)eHo KaKO je
Op6HHH HCKOPHCTHO Taj H3BOP, llITO CBaKaKO He 3Ha"lH )J,a ra OH HHje
CTBapHO KOpHCTHO.
AYTope ca AHCTe, oKapaKTepHcaHe Kao jepeTHqKe aYTope, Op6H­
HH 06eAe)KaBa y crrHcKY o)J,pe)J,HHlJ,OM dannato autore, llITO 3Ha"lH "rrpo­
KAeTH ayrop", Tj. aHaTeMHCHH, H30rrllITeHH aYTop.
45
 1""'""
Abbate Tritemio
Abbate Tritemio je He06HqHO ITAo.n:.aH xyMaHHcTa, IIHCali. XVI BeKa
JoxaHec TpHTxajM, OIlaT H3 BHpli.6ypra. HHje YTBpt)eHo .n:.a ra MaBpo
Op6HH HaBo.n:.H HAlf 6e3 HaBot)eIba KOpHCTH.
Abbate Vrspargense
Bypxap.zr. o.zr. Ypc6epra (Burchard von Ursberg), HeMaqKH HCTOPH­
"lap (1177-1230/31) OIlaT MaHacTHpa Ypc6epr y BaBapcKoj, ayTop
Chronicon abbatis Urspergensis a Nino rege Assyriorum magno
usque ad Fridericum II Romanorum Imperatorem (H3.n:.aTo 1515),
caCTaBlbeHor o.n:. CIlHca BHIIle ayTopa (EKexap.n:.a o.n:. Aype, KOHpa.n:.a
o.n:. AHXTeHaya H .n:.p.). Op6HH ra li.HTHpa Ha c. 111-112 roBopenH 0
fOTHMa H Ha c. 130 H 162, r.n:.e IlpHqa 0 60p6aMa XeHpHKa, CHHa
OToHa xepli.era CaKCOHHje ca .n.aA.MaTHHHMa.
Ablabio
Ablabio (A6Aa6HYc), A6AaBHo je IlpBH IlHCali. roTCKe HCTopHje (Be­
pOBaTHo H3 V-VI BeKa), IlHCali. Kora Op6HHH BepoBaTHo li.HTHpa Ilpe­
Ma Jop.n:.aHecy, KOjH ra Cpe.n:.HHOM VI BeKa CIlOMHIbe Kao HCTOpHqapa
fOTa. IIlaIbeK H IIlHlliaK OBO TaKot)e HCTWIy, IlOlliTO cy ra IlpeTXO)1.HO
IlorpelliHO H.n:.eHTHCPHKOBaAH Kao MOHaxa A60Ha OIlaTa MaHacTHpa
<PAepH (945-1004) 6AH3Y OpAeaHa y <PpaHu.ycKoj (I). Op6HHH ra li.H­
THpa IlOCpe)1.HO, Kao (59 - HaOaTbe oeaKae 6poj 03Hal.l.aea CmpaHUlJ,y
opuzuHa..na) r.n:.e ce HaBo.n:.H Gioanni Magno Gotho, KOjH OIleT li.HTHpa:
Giomando per l'auttorita d'Ablauio. UHTHpa ra jOlli H Ha c. 97, 106,
111, 114 Ka)1. roBOPH 0 fOTHMa. Ha c. 174 HaBo.n:.H .n:.a ce KO.n:. A6Aa­
BHja MOry qHTaTH CAOBeHCKe peqH: Grapsa i Coritta.
Abraam Ortelio
Abraam Ortelio je cpAaMaHcKH reorpacp, KapTorpacp H MaTeMaTHqap
Abraham Ortelius (Oertel) (1527-1598), IlpHjaTelb fepap.n:.a MepKa­
Topa. Op6HHH ra li.HTHpa Ha BHllie MeCTa Ha HaqHH KOjH IloKa3yje.n:.a
je HeIlocpe.n:.Ho KOPHCTHO If,erOBa .n:.eAa. Tesoro geografico je' :a,erOB
aTAaC Theatrum Orbis Terrarum (AHTBepIleH, 1570), KOjH ce je.n:.HoM
HaBo.n:.H 360r .n.aA.MaTa y I1TaAHjH (164), a .n:.pyrH IlyT ce li.HTHpa '-IAa­
HaK 0 EIlH.n:.aypy (184). KaTaAOr TOIlOHHMa cTapHx ayTopa Synony­
mia geographica (AHTBepIleH, 1578), ce li.HTHpa IlOBO.n:.OM HMeHa Cy­
AaHa (94), TBpt)effia .n:.a cy ABapH CAoBeHH (103) H KO.n:. EIlH.n:.aypa
(180). Op6HHH li.HTHpa OpTeAa BHllIe IlyTa He HaBo.n:.enH o.n:.pet)eHO
.n:.eAO: (33), r.n:.e H.n:.eHTHcpm<yje pHMCKe rpa)1.0Be, (42), r.n:.e CIlOMHIbe
THMOqaHe, (59), r.n:.e rOBopH 0 H.n:.OAY IlAeMeHa 06ropHjaHa, (76), r.n:.e
roBOPH 0 APKOHH, (104), r.n:.e TBp.n:.H.n:.a ce HopMaHH Ha3HBajy PyCH.
Adameo Sasione, M. Adamo
AAaM BpeMeHcKH (A.n:.aM CaKCOHali.), KOjH ce HaAa3H y Op6HHHje­
BOM CIlHCKY H Kao M. Adamo H li.HTHpa je.n:.HoM Kao .n:.OKa3 .n:.a cy ce
CAoBeHH HeKa)1. Ha3HBaAH BHH.n:.eAHli.H. npH TOMe ce Op6HHH Il03HBa
Ha .n:.pyry KIf,Hry dell'Historia Ecclesiastica, H3 qera ce IlpeIl03Haje
A.n:.aM BpeMeHcKH (Adam von Bremen), CBelliTeHHK H XpOHHqap H3
BpeMeHa (Ilpe 1050-1081/85), ayTOp HCTopHje eIlHCKOIla xaM6yp­
46
lliKe li.pKBe Gesta Hammaburgensis ecclesiae pontificum seu Histo­
ria ecclesiastica. l1HpKoBHn He Bepyje .n:.a ra je Op6HHH HeIlocpe.n:.Ho
KOPHCTHO, a IIlYIf,eK H IIlHlliaK, IlaK, .n:.a je ce H3 If,eroBor .n:.eAa yIlO­
3Hao CTape IlHCli.e Tali.HTa, CaAYCTHja, OBH.n:.Hja, COAHHa H .n:.pyre,
Kao H CaKca fpaMaTHKa H OAayca MarHyca.
Agatia Smirneo, Scolastico Smirneo
AraTHja H3 MHpHHe y MaAoj A3HjH (536-582), Il03HaT H Kao Ara­
THja CXOA8.CTHK ce II.HTHpa Ha c. 106 H 107, r.n:.e je peq 0 fOTHMa,
ca HCKBapeHHM aTpH6yTOM Smyrneo, H3a qera CTojH AraTHja, HCTO­
pHqap JycTHHHjaHoBor BpeMeHa. Ha c. 116 ce KalKe .n:.a je Scolastico
Smirneo OIlHcao IlOCAe npoKoIlHja BeAH3apOBe paToBe, lliTO ce TaKO­
t)e O.n:.HOCH Ha AraTHja, KOjH je HMao Ha)1.HMaK Scolasticus. OIlHCH­
Bao paTOBe ca fOTHMa, BaH.n:.aAHMa, <PpaHli.HMa H XyHHMa. AraTHja
je 6HO IlpeBe.n:.eH Ha AaTHHCKH H llITaMIlaH BIillIe IlyTa .n:.o Op6HHHja.
Agostino Dottore
CB. ABryCTHH, ABryCTHH BAalKeHH AypeAHje (Augustin Aurelie, Au­
relius Augustinus Hipponensis), ceBepHoacppHqKH xpHllInaHcKH Te­
oAor, TeOpeTHqap MY3HKe H CPHA030CP, je.n:.aH o.n:. li.pKBeHHx OTali.a,
eIlHCKOIl XHIlOHCKH (354-430). Po.n:.oHaqaAHHK xpHllinaHcKe CPHAO­
cocpHje HCTopHje H ayTOp BeAHKe HCTopHje qOBeqaHCTBa De civitate
Dei (0 rpa.n:.y BmKHjeM), Ha Koje ce Op6HHH Il03HBa Ka)1. roBOPH 0 Ja­
CPeTOBHM IlOTOMli.HMa (6), a Ha CIlHC IlpOTHB JYAHjaHa Ka.n:. BeAHqa
CB. JepoHHMa (176).
Agostino Morauo
AyryCTRR MopaBcKH (Augustinus Moravus, Augustinus Kasebrot),
Ha3BaH H Augustinus Olomucensis. qelliKH CBelliTeHHK xyMaHHCT
(1467-1513). Op6HH HaBo.n:.H If,eroBY HCToPHjy OAOMYli.KHX 6HCKYIIa,
cIloMHIbynH l1HpHAa (45).
Aimone Monaco, Ammiano Monaco, Annonio Monaco
AHMOR R3 4>AepHja (Aimonus monachus Floriacensis), cppaHu.ycKH
6eHe.n:.HKTaHcKH MOHax (945-1004), ayTop .n:.eAa Historia Francorum
seu Libri V de gestis Francorum (.n:.o 653. aAH ca Ilp0.n:.yJKeli.HMa .n:.o
1135. H 1165). BHAO je BHllie Bep3Hja HaCAOBa Kao H BHllie 06AHKa
ayTopoBor HMeHa. Y H3.n:.aIf,y H3 1567. CIlHC ce HasO.n:.H Kao Aimoini
monachi qui antea Annonii nomine editus est. 360r Tora ce jaslba
Ha Op6HHOBOM CIlHCKY IlO.n:. Annonio Monaco. UHTHpa MHoro IlyTa H
YBeK y OBOM 06AHKY (Annonio). npeKo AHoHHja Op6HHH je yrr03Hao
H3Bope 3a HajpaHHje o.n:.Hoce CAoBeHa H <PpaHaKa. l1HpKoBHn YOqaBa
.n:.a ce Ha CBHM MeCTHMa r.n:.e ce li.HTHpa AHoHHje ocena IloY3.n:.aHa
H3BopHa IlO)1.AOra. HaBe.n:.eH je Ha c. 34, 35, 36, 42, 65, 67, 69, 70,
71,72,76,96,400,417,419.
Alberto Crantio
AA6epT KpaHlI, (Albert Krantz), Ilpocpecop TeOAOrHje y peKTop YHH­
Bep3HTeTa y Po llITOKY , .n:.HIlAOMaTa y HMe XaM6ypra (1450-1517).
Op6HHH HaBO)1.H HaCAOBe KpaHli.OBHX .n:.eAa: Suetia, Vandalia, Sas­
sonia, MHcAenH Ha Vandalia, sive Historia de Vandalorum item ori­
gine, etc. (KeAH, 1518); Saxonia (KeAH, 1520), Chronica regnorum
aquilonarium Daniae, Sueciae, et Noruagiae (CTpa36yp, 1546). UHTH­
47
 ..,.....­
pa pa3AR'lHTe TeMe H3 HCTopHje 3ana,nHHX CAOBeHa Ha CTp. 7, 11,
61, 71, 76, 77, 98, 102, 104, 111, 115, 126, 137, 144 H 399.
Aiberto Stadense
AA6epT HS WT8Aea (Albertus Stadensis), onaT 6eHe,ll;HKTaHCKor Ma­
HacTHpa CB. MapHje y IIITa,ll;ey (1KHBeO npH6AR1KHO 1187-1264),
KaCHHje q,pal:beBau:. Ayrop OTIIIITe xpOHHKe Annales Stadenses (.ZI.o
1256). Op6HHH ra U:HTHpa Ha c. 120, Ka,ll; rOBopH 0 BaH,ll;aAHMa.
Alessandro Guaino
AAexcaH.Aap I'BaaHH (Alessandro Guagnini), HTaAHjaHcKIf HCTOPH­
'lap H3 BepoHe (1538-1614) KojH 1561. 0,ll;Aa3H Y nOlhCKY, r,ll;e cryna
y BOjCKH (6HO je KOMaH,ll;aHT rapHH30Ha y BHTe6cKY). YMpO y Kpa­
KOBy. 113Y'IaBaO HCTOPHjy H reorpaq,Hjy nOlhcKe, PyCHje H OKOAHHX
3eMalha. AYTop cry,ll;Hje Sarmatiae Europeae descriptio (KpaKoB,
1578), H3 Kora je Marej (Manej) CTPHjKOBCKIf, fBalbHHoB nOT'lHl:be­
HH H3 rapHH30Ha y BHTe6cKY, npeBeo ,ll;eAOBe H 06jaBHo Kao fBal:bH­
HOBO ,ll;eAO Chronique de la Pologne, de la Lithuanie, de la Russie, de
la Prusse, de la Moscovie et de la Tartarie (1582). Op6HH HaBO,ll;H
CaMO nOCAe,ll;l:be ,ll;eAO H U:HTHpa ra roBopenH 0 nopeKAy CAoBeHa O,ll;
Jaq,eTa (6), 0 CAOBeHCKHM paTHH'lKHM BpAHHaMa (8), 0 BepOBal:bHMa
caMoje,ll;CKHX celhaKa (57), 0 HMeHY CAoBeHa (96), Kao H 0 BaH,ll;aAH­
Ma (125).
Alessandro Sculeto
AAeCaH,ZI;pO CXY4eTo, nHcau: H3 XVI B. Op6HH U:HTHpa lberoB cnHC
Cronographia sive Annales (1545) Kao H3BOP 3a yna,ne CAoBeHa y
BH3aHTHjy (26), a HaBO,ll;H ce H KO,ll; npH'la 0 CAOBeHHMa y EHrAecKoj
(72). lIIal:beK H IIIHIIIaK cMaTpajy ,ll;a ce M01K)l;a pa,nH 0 EaproAY
IIIYAU:Y (Bartol Schuly, Sculetus) HeMa'lKOM KapTorpaq,y, aCTpoHoMY
HAeTonHcu:y (1540-1614), KojHje u:pTao KapTe 3a 0pTeAa.
Altamero
AH.D;peac AATaMep (Andreas AIthamer, Andreas Altheimer), HeMa'l­
KIf XYMaHHCTa H peq,opMHCTa (OKO 1500 - OKO 1539), CTY,ll;eHT Map­
THHa AYTepa H CBeIIITeHHK, nHcau: KOMeHTapa y3 TaU:HToBy~rep.Ma­
I-lujy. HHje yrBpl)eHo IIITa je O,ll; l:bera Op6HHH HCKOpHCTHO.
Andrea Angelo Durazzino
AH.ApHja .llpa'"lKH (Andrea Angelo Durazzino), ,ll;OMHHHKaHau:, Ha,ll;­
6HCKYTI ;::I;y6pOBa'lKIf 1387-1393. OCHHBa'l 360pa ;::I;y6pOBa'lKIfX CBe­
IIITeHHKa (Cathedra Sancti Petri, 1391) ce TaKol)e jaBlha caMO y
cnHcKY ayTopa. Ha c. 194 ce U:HTHpa Paolo Angelo, arciuescouo di
Durazzo apresso Marino Barletio, Kao CBe,ll;OK 3a BeARKo;::I;yIIIHO npy­
1Kal:be a3HAa y )ly6POBHHKY. HHje jacHo ,ll;a AH je Op6HH norpeIIIHo
HMe y cnHcKY HAR y TeKcTY. 1iHpKoBHn HCTH'le,ll;a ce Paulus Angelus
ce Kao nHcau: nO'leTKOM XVI BeKa (yn. G. Gollner, Turcica. Die
europaischen Tiirkendrucke des XVI Jahrhunderts I, Bucuresti­
Berlin 1961, NQ 30 H513). HCTO HMe H npe3HMe je HMao je,ll;aH ,ll;pa'l­
KIf Ha,ll;6HCKYn y BpeMe CKeH,ll;ep6era. 3a l:berOBO HMe cy Be3aHe HeKe
KOHCTHTYU:Hje H3,ll;aTe 1462, CBaKaKO HeaYTeHTH'lHe y 06ARKY Y KOMe
cy Ca'lysaHe. KaKO H3 Op6HHoBor TeKCTa H3Aa3H ,ll;a EapAeU:Hje npe­
HOCH pe'lH OBora AHl)eARja, JOIII je BepoBaTHHje ,ll;a je pe'l 0 naBAY.
48
Andrea Cornelio
AH,ZI;peac KOPHe4HYC (Andrea Cornelius Stauriensis), q,PH3HjCKH
HCTOpH'lap. Ayrop cJ.>pU3UjCKe xp0l-lu1Ce (1597). Op6HHH ra U:HTHpa
Kao Andrea Cornelio Ha c. 121, r,ll;e je pe'l 0 BaH,ll;aAHMa y <l>PH3HjH.
H3 KOHTeKCTa H3Aa:-m ,ll;a l:bera U:HTHpa Suffrido Pietro Misnense.
Andulfo Sagaco
AaH.Ao4cilo Cara'"le (Landolfus Sagax, Landolfo Sagace), nHcau: ("ca­
ra'le" 3Ha'lH "eKcnepr"), AOM6ap,ll;HjcKH nHcau: H3 BpeMeHa OKO 1000.
ro,ll;HHe, KOjH je HanpaBHo H3BO,ll; H3 ,ll;eAa naBAa 1)aKOHa Historia Ro­
mana H ,ll;O,ll;ao CBOj HaCTaBaK. lberoBoj Historia miscella Tpe6a npH­
nHcaTH OKOAHOCT ,ll;a ce KO,ll; Op6HHHja AHaCTa3Hje EH6AROTeKap ,ll;0­
CAe,ll;HO U:HTHpa Kao naBAe 1)aKoH. Y nOMeHYToj HCTOPHjH, Koja ce
npHnHcyje AaH;::I;yAq,y, naBAoBoM cnHcy je ,ll;O,ll;aT AHacTa3Hje. I1Ha'le
ra Op6HHH HHr,ll;e y TeKcry He U:HTHpa.
Annali di Frisia, Annali di Olanda
cl»PHSHjCKH (XO.6.aH.ACKH) 4eTODHCH ce KO,ll; Op6HHHja HaBO,ll;e je,ll;­
HOM, H3 ,ll;pyre pyRe, Ha c. 120, roBopenH 0 BaH,ll;aAHMa, KOjH cy pa­
TOBaAH no,ll; AAeKCaH,ll;pOM BeARKIfM, Op6HHH HaBO,ll;H njeTpa Cyq,PH­
,ll;a, KOjH ce n03HBa Ha HH3 ayropa H cnHca Mel)y KojHMa cy H Annali
di Frisia - BH,ll;H no,ll; Suffrido Pietro Misnense. Annali di Olanda cy
KopHIIIneHH Ha c. 11, r,ll;e ce no l:bHMa npH'la KaKO cy CAoBeHH, npo­
TepaHH H3 EpHTaHHje, HaIIIAR YTO'lHIIITe Ha 06aAaMa ,ll0l:be CaKco­
HHje "Koja ce ,ll;aHac 30Be <l>pH3Hja". CnHc ce Ha HCTOj CTpaHHU:H Ha­
3HBa H Historia d' Olanda.
Annali di Rausa
.lly6pOBa'"lKH aH84H, Koje Op6HH H3PH'lHTO U:HTHpa je,ll;HOM, aAH HX
KOPHCTH Ha BHIIIe MeCTa. npeMa 1iHpKoBHneBoj aHaAH3H, y o'lysa­
HHM Bep3HjaMa ;::I;Y6poBa'lKHX aHaAa TaB. AHoHHMa H HHKoAe Pal:bH­
He (Annales Ragusini anonymi item Nicolai de Ragnina, ed. S. No­
dilo, Zagrabiae, 1883) He HaAa3H ce CBe OHO IIITO rOBopH Op6HHH, Tj.
HAH je BpAO IIIHPOKO TYMa'lHO BeCTH AI-la.na HAH je HMao HeKY ,ll;pyry,
,ll;aHaC Hen03Hary Bep3Hjy. Op6HHH je KopHcrHO ;::I;y6pOBa'lKe Al-laJle
roBopenH 0 pary c HeMal:bOM (246-248), 0 ycrynal:by CTOHa ,lly­
6pOBHHKY (261,352), 0 paTy c BeHeU:HjoM (300), HaBO,ll;enH nopeKAO
BAaCTeOCKHX nOpO,ll;Hu:a (301), cnoMHlbynH KOCOBCKY 6HTKY (319),
6aHa KYAHHa (350), xepu:era CTeq,aHa (386,388), na,n HOBora (389).
1iHpKoBHn YO'laBa ,ll;a H3rAe,ll;a ,ll;a cy H fyH;::I;yAHneBH aHaAH, Koje je
npepa,nHO PaCTHn, 6HAH y HeKoj cTapHjoj Bep3HjH npHCTyrra'lHH
Op6HHY. To ce onaLKa no OHOM MeCTY r,ll;e ce rOBopH 0 CaCTaHKY
TBpTKa H 1)ypl)a EaAIIIHna (291). Op6HHH noce6Ho cnOMHlbe ;::I;y6po­
Ba'lKe aHaAe Eyce6Hja Ka60re (200), KOjH HHCY 06jaBlheHH. Ka60rHH
cnHC je ca,nPJKao H JKHBOTe ;::I;y6pOBa'lKIfX Ha,ll;6HCKYna (il quale scris­
se nella lingua latina gli Annali di Rausa et Ie vite de' suoi Pontefici).
Annali di Russia
PyCXH aHa4H ce CnOMHl:bY Ha c. 99, r,ll;e ce rOBopH 0 PjYPHKY H l:be­
roBOj ,ll;PyJKHHH, a ,ll;pyrH TIyT Ka,n je pe'l 0 OArH H npHMal:by XPHIII­
naHCTBa (91). Op6HHH pycKe AeTonHce, KOjHX HMa BHIIIe, HHje rr03­
HaBao HenOCpe,ll;HO, Hero rrpeKO Xep6epIIITajHa, Kao IIITO TO H CaM
49
 r
KruKe. YBH)lPM Y .n:eAa BHIne Op6HHHjeBHx ayropa (Hrrp. MarHYc
OAajyc, KpOMep, fBaH>HHH) rrpHMenyje ce .n:a je .n:a ce TH H3BOPH qec­
TO Ha3HBajy Annales Ruthenorum.
Annali de Tutchi
TypCKR 8RaAR - rrpeMa 1'mpKoBHny ce pa.n:H 0 BHIlle H3Bopa, Haj­
qeIllne H3 AeYHKAaBHjeBor rrpeBo.n:a.
Annal di Venetia
BeRellHjaRcKH aRaAH, rro.n: KojHMa ce MOry KpHTH 6pOjHH TeKCTOBH,
a Op6HHH .n:aje rrpeMaAO eAeMeHaTa 3a H.n:eHTHCpHKaIJ.Hjy.
Antonio Bofinio
ARTORRO BOR..,HRH (Antonius Bonfinius), HTaAHjaHcKH xYMaHHcTa
H rreCHHK (1427-1502), rro HapYI,I6HHH MaTHjaca KopBHHa HarrHcao
HCTOPHjy YrapcKe Historia Pannonica: Sive Hungaricarum Rerum
Decades IV (1497). OBO .n:eAO Op6HHH .n:OCTa KOPHCTH H Y BHIlle Ma­
XOBa IJ.HTHpa. Y orrillTeCAOBeHCKOM .n:eAY ce BeOMa MaAO KOPHCTH:
je.n:HOM 3a XYHe (103), .n:pym rryT 3a EacTapHe (133) H TpenH rryT 3a
rro.n:aTaK .n:a HMe rpa.n:a ArpHje .n:OAa3H o.n: CAOBeHCKHX ArpHjaHa.
HajBHIlle Op6HHH IJ.HTHpa EOHCpHHHja y H3AaralDY cprrcKe (paIllKe)
HCTopHje. Ha lDera ce rr03HBa rOBopenH 0 rrOAO:>Kajy KocoBa (318), 0
.n:ecrrOTCKHM rroce.n:HMa y YrapcKoj (327), .n:y6pOBaqKOM rOCTorrpHM­
CTBY .n:ecrroTY 1)ypl)y EpaHKoBHny (328), TyPCKOM Harra.n:y Ha Cp6Hjy
1454 (338), BYKY fprypeBHny (342). Y HCTOPHjH EocHe ce jaBlha
caMO Kao ayTop KOjH C jOill HeKHM .n:pyrHM TBp.n:H .n:a je MeXMe.n: II
o.n:pao CTecPaHa TOMaIlleBHna (376). Y rrperAe.n:y .n:y6pOBaqKe HCTO­
pHje MaBpo Op6HHH ce rr03HBa Ha EOHcPHHHja Ka.n:a rOBopH 0 YA03H
MaTKa TaAOBIJ.a (196-7), a y rAaBH 0 EyrapcKoj Ka.n:a rOBopH 0 KpalhY
Teo.n:epHKY (400). KaKo je y CBOjOj aHaAH3H YTBp.n:HO 'fmpKoBHn, Op­
6HHH KOPHCTH EOHcPHHHja H Ha MeCTHMa r.n:e ra He IJ.HTHpa. Y
H3AaraH>Y BpeMeHa .n:ecrrOTa 1)ypl)a OH je qHTaBe CTpaHHIJ.e rrpeBo.n:HO
H y IJ.eAHHH YHOCHO y CBOj TeKCT (326-327,330,333, 334,336,337­
338,339).
Antonio Geufreo .<
ARToaR lKo"'pya, rrHCaIJ. BpAO rrorrYAapHor Y XVI BeKY .n:eAa Estat de
la court du grant Turc (1542). Op6HH ra IJ.HTHpa rrperrHcaHO o.n: AeYH­
KAaBHja (325).
M. Antonio Sabellico
MapKo ARTORRO Ca6eAHKo (Marcantonio Coccio, Ha3BaH Sabel­
lico), HTaAHjaHcKH HCTOppHqap (1436-1506), cAJ)K6eHH HCTOpHqap
MAeTaqKe Perry6AHKe KpajeM XV BeKa. Op6HHH MHoro rryTa HaBo.n:H
lDerOBO .n:eAO Enneades sive Rhapsodia historiarum, a HHje.IJ:HOM HC­
TOPHjy BeHeIJ.Hje (Rerum veneticarum ab urbe condita libri XXXIII).
Op6HH Y BHIlle HaBpaTa C lDHM rrOAeMHIlle, HaBo.n:enH .n:a Ca6eAHKo
HeKH rryT BHIlle 3aMpaqyje Hero IllTO oCBeTlhaBa"cose de' Venetiani".
Ha Ca6eAHKa ce rr03HBa 3a BpAO pa3AHqHTe cTBapH, HapOqHTO H3
aHTHqKe HCTopHje H HCTopHje paHor cpe.n:H>er BeKa H IJ.HTHpa ra Ha
c. 27, 29, 30, 31, 32, 73, 90, 109, 110, 112, 114, 115, 116, 119,
154,159,161,162,171,172,174,175,176,181,182,185,190,
229,354,360,473.
50
Antonio Sconcouio
AHTORHO CKORKOBRO, H3.n:aBaq H rrHCaIJ. .n:eAa .n:eAa Commentatio
Epistolica de origine et sedibus Francorum (1532). Op6HHH ra IJ.HTH­
pa je.n:HoM Ha c. 178, r.n:e roBOPH 0 ypel)elDY rrpOBHHIJ.Hje I1AHpHKa.
Antonio Viperano
ARTORHO BHllepaHo je 6HO HCTopHorpacP Kpalha <PHAHrra II. HHje
rr03HaTO .n:a ra Op6HHH Hr.n:e y TeKcTy IJ.HTHpa.
Appiano Alessandrino
AIIRjaR AAeKCaHJlpRjcKH (Appianus), PHMCKH HCTOpHQap H3 II BeKa
(95-165). Op6HHH ra IJ.HTHpa BHIlle rryra Ha MeCTHMa r.n:e roBOPH 0
I1AHpHMa H I1AHPHKY. IherOBO .n:eAO PuMclCa ucmopuja HaBo.n:H Kao
trattato dell' Illirico. UHTHpa ra Ha c. 146-148, 154, 155, 158, 160,
162, 168, 173, 185, 199.
Arnoldo Abbate
APROA.Zl H3 1\R6eKa, HeMaQKH XpOHHQap, 6eHe.n:HKTaHaIJ. H3 EpYH­
CBHKa (OKO 1150 - OKO 1211-14). IheroBo .n:eAO Chronica Slavorum li­
bri VII (Arnoldi Chronica Slavorum) ce HaCTaBlha Ha XeAMONJ;OBY xpo­
HHKY. Op6HHH ra rrOMHlDe je.n:HoM Mel)y ayropHMa KOjH yrrOTPe6lha­
Bajy HMe CAaBH (96), a .n:pyrH rryT Ka.n: rOBopH 0 rrpoAacKY <PpH.n:pHxa
Eap6apoce Kp03 Cp6Hjy Y .n:pyIllTBy C jOill .n:Ba ayropa. OH CHrypHO
HHje Haillao KO.n: CBa TpH ayTopa 0 TOMe .n:oral)ajy, Hero HX je 3aje.n:HO
rrpey3eo o.n: je.n:Hor Mel)y rrHCIJ.HMa, KOjH HaBo.n:H H OCTaAa .n:Ba.
Arpontaco Burdegalense
APIIORTax R3 Bop.lloa (Arpontaco Burdegalense, APHOAb.n: TIoHTaK
EOp.n:OCKHH) je 3a 1'mpKoBHna Herr03HaT ayrop, a TO TBp.n:e H lIlaH>eK
H lIlHillaK. 'fmpKoBHn TBp.n:H: "TIo IJ.HTaTHMa KO.n: Op6HHa .n:eAO My je
Tratato delle mutationi de gli stati." HaBe.n:eH je rrpBH rryr 360r rro.n:a­
TKa 0 .n:aAMaTHHCKHM :>KeHaMa Koje cy y6HjaAe .n:euy H 6aIJ.aAe Ha
HerrpHjaTelha (145), IllTO ce O.n:HOCH Ha orrHC 36HBaH>a y rpa.n:y Ap.n:y­
6H Y BpeMe EaToHoBor YCTaHKa 9. ro.n:HHe (0 TOMe rrHille .llHOH, a Op­
6HHH HarrOMHlDe .n:a TO TBp.n:H H AprroHTax H3 Eop.n:oa) . .llpyrH HaBO.n:
je jOill BruKlmjH H H36eraBaH y aHaAH3aMa - 1'mpKoBHn HCTHQe .n:a
Op6HHHjeBo IJ.HTHpalDe AprroHTaxa H3 Eop.n:oa rrpe.n:CTaBlha "TBpl)e­
H>e .n:a je KOHcraHTHH TIoPcPHporeHHT BAa.n:ao ro.n:HHe 959". Mel)y­
THM, y TOM IJ.HTaTY Ha c. 181 KpHje ce je.n:aH BpAO 036HlhaH rrp06AeM
y Be3H ca crrHCOM KOHcTaHTHHa TIoPcPHporeHHTa: Op6HHH jacHo Ha­
BO.n:H .n:a AprroHTax H3 Eop.n:oa IJ.HTHpa TIoPcPHporeHHToBo .n:eAO Tra­
tato delle mutationi de gli stati (3HaQH, TO HHje AprroHTaxoB TeKCT,
Ben TIoPcPHporeHHTOB), y KOMe ce HaAa3H TBp.n:H>a .n:a cy CAOBeHH
CpyillHAH COAHH "rrpe rreTCTO ro.n:HHa" H OCHOBaAH rrOTOM Pary3Y.
OBaj HaBO.n: 036HlhHO .n:OBO.n:H y rrHTalDe Bepo.n:OCTojHOCT TIoPcPHpore­
HHTOBor crrHca H H>eroBe TBp.n:lDe 0 .n:ocelhaBaH>Y CAOBeHa rOTOBO .n:Ba
BeKa KacHHje. TBp.n:lDa 3BaHHQHHX HCTOpHQapa .n:a oBaj Op6HHHjeB
HaBO.n: YTBpl)yje Ka.n:a je TIoPcPHporeHHT BAa.n:ao rrpe.n:CTaBlha 6e:>KaH>e
o.n: rrp06AeMa, jep je Taj rro.n:aTaK .n:06po H ca MHoro BHIlle .n:eTalha
rr03HaT H3 .n:pyrHX H3Bopa. TIo CBeMY cy.n:enH, y rrHTaH>Y je APROA.Zl
.lle nOHTaK H3 Bop.lloa (1530-1605), cPpaHuycKH 6HCKYrr H3 Ea3aca
y facKolDH (1572-1605), rr03HaBaAaIJ. opHjeHTaAHHX je3HKa. TIpoyqa­
51
 r
Bao je 6H6AHjCKY XpOHoAorHjy, ayTOp je,AHOr O,A 6pOjHHX rrpopaqyHa
rO,AHHe CTBapaIba CBeTa (IberOB rrpOpaqyH ,Aaje pe3YATaT 4088. ro­
,AHHY rrpe XpHCTa) H aYTop je, Capa,AHHK H rroKpoBHTelb BeAHKOr 6po­
ja cTy,AHja. l1Ma HeKOAHKO o6jaBlbeHHx Bep3Hja IberoBHx XPOHOAO­
rHja, O,A rrpBor H3,AaIba 1567. ,AO 1600. Koje je Op6HHH Morao BH,Ae­
TH, B.AH Y IbHMa ce BpAO KOH,AeH30BaHO Ha6pajy ,AOraOajH. Y THM
KlbHraMa je yo6H'!ajeHo ,Aa ce Ha BPxy CTpaHHu.a HaAa3H ayTopoBo
HMe APHOM nOHTaK HarrHcaHO Kao Ar. Pontac, IlITO je rrpaKTHqHO
Op6HHHjeBa 03HaKa 3a OBor ayTopa. no CBeMY cy,AehH, TeKCT KOjH
rrOMHIbe Op6HHH H KOjH ce O,AHOCH Ha nopqmporeHHTOB crrHC je
HeKH rroce6aH crrHC. Y CBaKOM CAyqajy, Op6HHHjeB Arpontaco Burde­
galense je 6HO BHCOKH u.pKBeHH cAy:H{6eHHK H BpAO yrAe,AaH.
Arnano di Nicomeda
ApHjas (II BeK), HCTOPH'IaP AAeKCaH,Apa BeAHKor. Op6HHH ra KOPHC­
TH Ha ,ABa MeCTa Ka,A rOBopH 0 AAeKCaH,Apy BeAHKOM (106,167), a
je,AHOM ra HaHO,AH Kao aYTopHTeT 3a HCTOPHjy roTCKHX paTOBa (110).
M. Aurelio Cassiodoro
4»A8.BHje KaCHoAop (Flavius Magnus Aurelius Cassiodorus), PHM­
CKH HCTOpHqap, rrOAHTHqap (KaCHO,AOp CeHaTOp) H CPHAOCOCP (490­
583). Op6HHH ra Ha c. 399 Y3HMa 3a ,AOKa3,Aa cy ByrapH paTOBaAH C
PuMlbaHHMa y BpeMe u.apa TeO,AOcHja 1.
S. Aurelio Vittore
CeKcT AypeAHo BHKTOP (Ce:r.;rTYc Aureliyc Viu.TOp), PHMCKH HCTOPH­
'lap IV BeKa, Kora Op6HHH crrOMHIbe 360r U.aPCKHX 6HorpacpHja. Ha
c. 174 ra HaBO,AH yorrllITe Kao aYTopHTeT 3a HCTOPHjy PHMCKHX u.a­
peBa, a Ha c. 175 ce rr03HBa Ha Ibera Kao ,AOKa3 ,Aa je u.ap npo6 H3
,UaAMau.Hje H,Aa cy laAepHje H MaKCHMHH H3 CHpMHja.
Baldasar Spalatino
BaATasap CIIAHb.aHHH (XV/XVI BeK) , rrHcau. H3 ,UaAMau.Hje, qHje je
,AeAO H3ry6lbeHo. Op6HH U.HTHpa IberoBo ,AeAO Ongine di Spalato, y
KOMe je 6HAa rrpHqa 0 TOMe KaKO ;:ry6pOBaqKH MopHapH, CaBe3HHu.H
Po6epra IBHCKap,Aa, YMaAO HHCY y6HAH u.apa AAeKcHja 'I{oMHHHa
(191). Ha c. 297 OH je H3BOP HHCPOpMau.Hje 0 TOMe ,Aa cy POMaHH
CTapH KOTOP Ha3HBB.AH Ascriuio a ,AOManH lbY,AH Gurdouo. Ha HCTOj
CTpaHH ce Ha BaATa3apa rr03HBa Ka,Aa roBOPH 0 CTaHoBHHu.HMa Ac­
KpHBHja KOjH cy HarryCTHAH rpa,A H3 CTpaxa O,A BojcKe H3 BocHe. Ha
c. 306 BaATa3ap je CBe,AOK ,Aa cy ce nepallITaHH HeKa,A Ha3HBB.AH
Pertani H ,Aa cy HajcTapHjH CTaHoBHHu.H OHHX MeCTa. Op6HHH ra
yrroTpe6lbaBa Ka,Aa je peq 0 rrOqeu.HMa rpa,AOBa, rra ce rrpeTrrOCTaBlba
,Aa je HMao TeKCTOBe H 0 ,ApyrHM rpa,AOBHMa.
Beato Renano
BH.A,lI.e 4,:IOH Pajsay (Beatus Rhenanus, Bilde von Rheinau), HeMa'-l­
KH XYMaHHCTa H HCTOpHqap (1486-1547), ayTop ,AeAa Rerum germa­
nicarum libn III (1531). Op6HHH ra u.HTHpa rOBopehH 0 CAoBeHHMa y
MopaHCKoj H CaKcoHHjH (44,65) H 0 BaH,AaAHMa (126).
Beroso Cassteo
Bepos XQAAejall, HCTOpHqap H CBellITeHHK H3 BaBHAoHa (340-270.
rrpe XpHCTa) H3 BpeMeHa xeAeHH3Ma, KOjH je rrHcao Ha rpqKOM HC­
52
TOPHjy BaBHAoHa (XaMeje) Babyloniaka HAH Chaldaika. 113,Aalbe rro,A
HMeHOM I cinque libn de Ie antichita de Beroso sacerdote Caldeo (Be­
Heu.Hja, 1550) Morao je KOPHCTHTH Op6HHH, aAH H MHore HaBO,Ae Ha
OCHOBY ,ApyrHX ,AeAa. KOMeHTape y3 HaBe,AeHO H3,AaIbe HarrHcao je
AHHje H3 BHTep6a (1432-1502), IlITO je HHCrrHpHCaAO 1'mpKoBHha
,Aa Bepo3a rrporAacH rrHcu.eM Kora je AHHje H3MHCAHO. Y CBaKOM CAy­
qajy, BepocoBe TBp,AIbe HHCy Herr03Hare HCTOpHqapHMa - OHe ce
MOry HahH H y ,ApyrHM H3BopHMa, a Op6HHH ra HaBO,AH Ha c. 146
Kao CBe,AOKa ,Aa cy 11AHPH Ha3HBaHH rro 11AHPHjy, CHHY l1cTpoBY, a
TO rrOMHIbe H ca ,ApyrHM CBe,Aou.HMa.
Bernardo Giustiniano
BepHapAo 1)ycTHssjasH (Bernardo Giustiniano), MAeTaqKH ,Ap2KaB­
HHK H HCTOpHqap (1408-1489). !heroBO ,AeAO De origine urbis ges­
tisque Venetorum o6YXBaTa caMO HajpaHHjH rrepHO,A MAeTaqKe HCTO­
pHje (,AO 809). Op6HHH ra u.HTHpa Ha c. 73 rrOBO,AOM rropa3a CAoBeHa
O,A u.apa OToHa, Ha c. 96 ,AOHOCH O,ll.AOMaK H3 Kora ce BH,AH 1)YCTH­
HHjaHHjeB CTaB ,Aa cy CAOBeHH opy:H{jeM CTeKAH CAaBHO HMe, a 360r
paTHHqKe CAaBe 'uaAMaTHHau.a Op6HHH ra u.HTHpa Ha c. 172.
Bilibaldo Fire Kiameno
BHAH6QAA DHpKXajMep (Bilibaldo Pirckiamero, Wilibald Pirkhei­
mer), HCTOpHqap H3 HHpH6epra (1470- 1530), rr03HaT rro,A Ha,AHM­
KOM "HHpH6epIlIKH KceHocpoHT". npeBeo je BHllIe crrHca ca rpqKOr, a
nHpKoBHh HHje BH,AeO IberoBo ,AeAO Germaniae exvariis scnptoribus
perbrevis explieatio (HHpH6epr, 1530), rra je TBp,AHO ,Aa je o6jaBlbeHo
TeK 1610. rO,AHHe H ,Aaje ,,3aAYTao" Ha Op6HHHjeBY AHCTy.
Bonifacio Simoneta
BOHH4,:Ia"lHO CHMoseTa (Bonifacio Simoneta), rrHCau. ,Apyre rrOAOBH­
He XV BeKa, ayTOp crrHca De persecutione christiane fidei et Roma­
norum pontificum (1492). Op6HHH ra u.HTHpa Ha c. 106, r,Ae ce ro­
BOpH 0 lOTHMa.
Bulla d'oro
3A8.THa 6yA8. u.apa KapAa IV H3 1356. ro,AHHe. Op6HH je HaBO,AH
360r TBp,AIbe ,Aa cy THM U.apCKHM aKTOM KHe2KeBH BeAHKalliH 6HAH
o6aBe3HH ,Aa cBoje CHHOBe Hayqe AaTHHCKOM, CAOBeHCKOM H HTaAH­
jaHcKoM je3HKY (377).
Busbequio
OlKe rHcAeH Ae Bys6eK (Auger Ghislain Busbecq), cpAaMaHCKH eH­
u.HKAOrre,AHCTa, ,AHIIAOMaTa H rryTorrHcau. (1522-1592), KOjH je OCTa­
BHO 3HaqajHe rrO,AaTKe 0 HallIHM KpajeBHMa y crrHcy Itinera Constan­
tinopolitanum et Amasianum (1581). HHje YTBpoeHo KaKO je Op6HHH
KOPHCTHO oBaj BY36eKoB crrHC.
Calfurino Sura
1)oBasH KaA4,:IYPHHO (Giovanni Calfurnio), KpHTHqap H AHHrBHCTa
XYMaHHCTa H3 Bpellie (1443-1503). HHje YTBpoeHo IlITa je O,A Ibera
Op6HHH KOpHCTHO.
Gallimaco appresso Plinio
KaABMftX,rrOAHXHCTOpa H3 III BeRa rrpe XpHCTa. OBaKBoM 03HaKOM
Op6HHH 6eAe2KH rrHcu.e Koje KOPHCTH H3 ,Apyre pYKe (Halliao je KO,A
53
 r-
ITAIiHlija rro.n;aTaK 0 rrAeMeHY ITeBu:eTa, r.n;e ce oBaj rr03liBaO Ha Ka­
AIiMaxa).
Carlo Sigonio
KaPAO CHroHHO (Carlo Sigonio), IiTaAlijaHcKIi IiCTOPW-IaP 1i3 Mo­
.n;eHe (1523-1568), rrlicau: IiCTOplije HTaAlije (565 . .n;o 1268. ro.n;IiHe),
IicToplija PHMcKor UapcTBa, paHe xpHInnaHCKe u:pKBe Ii .n;p. Hlije
YTBpoeHO KaKO je Op6liHIi IiCKOPIiCTIiO CliroHlija.
Carlo Vagriese
KaPAO B3 BarpBje (Carlo Vagries, Carlo della Vagria), je.n;aH o.n; Haj­
BHIne U:IiTlipaHIiX rrlicau:a KO.n; Op61iHa, aAIi Hlije YTBpoeHo 0 KOMe ce
pa,u.li. Ha OCHOBY U:IiTlipaHIiX MeCTa MO>Ke ce 3aKlbyG:IiTIi .n;a cY Y
crrlicy 0 BeHeoUMa yrroTpe6lbaBaHIi 6pOjHIi cTaplijli 1i3BOpli. Blio je
TO CBaKaKO ayTop 1i3 ceBepHe HeMaqKe KOjli je .n;eAOBao y XVI BeKY.
Op6liHIi ra U:IiTlipa Ha c. 35, 36, 57, 68, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 94,
99, 102, 103, 126, 133, 134, 142, 163, 344, 346.
Celio Donato
EABje AOBaT (Aelius Donatus), rr03HaTIi rpaMaTliqap 1i3 IV BeKa.
Hnje YTBpoeHo IIITa je o.n; lbera Op6liHIi IiCKOpIiCTIiO.
Cerilliano, Fabio Celeriano
4»a6Hje IlepHABjaB (Fabius Celerianus), PIiMCKIi IiCTOpliqap 1i3 III
BeKa, 6liorpacp u:apeBa Kapa, KaplijaHa Ii HYMeplijaHa. Op6liHIi ra
je rr03HaBao rrocpe.n;Ho, rrpeKo <PAaBlija BorrlicKa. 06ojliu:a cy MY CAy­
>KHAa Kao .n;OKa3 .n;a je u:ap KAay.n;lije 6lio HAIiP, rro Op6liHlijy CAOBeH
(C. 175).
Cesare Baronio
"Ie3ape SapOBH (Cesare Baronio), KaTOAliqKIi IiCTOpliqap u:pKBe,
Kap.n;IiHM (1538-1607). Op6liHIi ra HaBO.n;1i caMO y crrliCKY ayropa,
.n;OK H>erOBe Annales ecclesiastici (1588) Y TeKCTy He crrOMlilbe.
M.Cicerone
Mapxo TyAHje IlHIJ.epoB (Marco Tulius Cicero), PIiMCKIi rrOAliTIi­
'lap, rrlicau: Ii HajBenli roBOPHIiK (105-43. rrpe XpIiCTa). Op6liHIi U:1i­
Tlipa H>erOBO .n;eAO Epistolae familiares, Ka,u.a roBOPIi 0 paTHIi'iKliM
BpAIiHaMailaAMaTa (159).
Cornelio Tacito
fiy6ABje IiAIi raj KOpHeAHje TaIJ.BT (Publius IiAli Gaius Cornellus
Tacitus), PIiMCKIi IiCTOpliqap (56-117), ayTop qyseHe rep.MClHuje (De
origine et situ Germanorum), Hcmopuja (Histories) Ii AHana (Annals).
Blio je rr03HaT Op6IiHY, aAIi ra je IirraK KOPIiCTIiO 1i3 .n;pyre pyKe.
ITPBIi IIyT je crroMeHYT y je,ll;HOM U:IiTaTY JoxaHa ABeHTIiHa 0 Be­
He.n;IiMa (59), 3aTliM je Kao .n;OKa3 .n;a cy Sulani CAoBeHIi rrpli3BaH
Melantone sopra Tacito (94). OCTMa Tpli U:IiTaTa ce Tliqy MapKoMa­
Ha (104,137-8,141).
Costantino Porjirogenito
KOHCTaBTBH VII fiopcl,lHporeBHT, pOMejcKIi u:ap (913-959), je.n;IiHIi
HCTOPlijCKIi crrlic y KOMe ce HaBo.n;1i .n;a cy ce Cp61i (Ii .n;pyrli JpKHIi
CAoBeHIi) yorrIIITe .n;ocelbaBMIi Ha ca,u.aIIIH>a CTaHIiIIITa, Kao IIITO je
aHaAli3HpaHO y OBOj YBO,ll;HOj CTy.n;lijIi , 360r qera ce OB.n;e HeneMo
MHoro 3a.n;p>KaTH Ha lbeMY. ITope.n; Tora Op6liHIi ra U:IiTlipa Ii Ha c.
54
32, Ka.n;a roBOPIi 0 rrpeAacKY CAOBeHa y .n;pyIIITBy ca Ily6pOBqaHliMa
y ArrYAlijy, r.n;e cy paToBMH rrpoTIiB Capau:eHa. ITpli TOMe ce rr03liBa
Lodouico Tuberone nell' Origine di Rausa e Girgio Cedreno nella vita
d'esso Basilio Imperadore. Ha c. 182-183 HMa3liMO .n;yrli U:IiTaT 0
apa6lbaHcKoj CPAOTIi, Bli3aHTlijcKoj rroMonli, paTy y JpKHOj HrMlijH.
H Ty U:IiTlipa Ke.n;pIiHa. ITpliqa 0 Harra.n;y apa61baHCKe cpAOTe
rrOHOBlbeHa je Ii y OKBIiPy H3AaraH>a IiCToplije KOTopa Ha c. 297,
Ka,u.a ce orreT rr03liBa Ha Ke.n;pHHa.
Costantino Spandugino, Teodoro Spandugino
Op6liHIi ra U:IiTlipa Ha c. 308 Kao 1i3BOP o6aBeIIITeH>a 0 KOTOpaHIiHY
KOjli je rrOCTao MycTacpa-rrallia Ii 6lio 3a BpeMe CYAejMaHa HaMeCHIiK
y Kalipy.
Corrado Brugense
Op6liHIi ra U:IiTlipa Ha c. 163 rOBopenli 0 KapAY BeAliKOM Ii 06o.n;­
pliTIiMa ca: come narrano il Piteo et Corrado Brugense ne gli Annali di
Francia.
Corrado Peutingero
KOBPa..u. fiojTHHrep (Conrad Peutinger), rr03HaTIi ayrc6ypIIIKIi xy­
MaHliCTa, .n;lirrAOMaTa, rrOAliTliqap Ii eKOHOMIiCTa (1465-1547), rr03­
HaT rro KaCHOaHTliqKIiM MarraMa Tabula Peutingeriana. Op6HH ra
rrOMIiH>e, BepoBaTHo 1i3 .n;pyre PYKe, roBopenli 0 AAaHIiMa (132).
Crisippo
KPHCII, BepoBaTHo q:mA030CP CTOliqap 1i3 III BeKa. Hlije YTEipoeHo 3a
IIITa ra je Op6liHIi KOpIiCTIiO.
Cronica de Frati Minoriti
XPOHHKa MaAe 6pahe, HajBepoBaTHlije ce pa,ll;1i 0 Chronica fratrum
minorum de observantia provinciae Boznae et Hungariae BAa>Keja o.n;
CMKe (BlaZej ze Salky, Blasius de Szalka) 1i3 XV BeKa. Op6liHIi je 3a
rro.n;aTKe 1i3 XV BeKa. HaBo.n;1i je 3a .n;eAOBaH>e JaKOBa MapKlijcKor
(368) Ii 3a rro.n;aTaK .n;a je 60caHcKa KpalbHu:a KaTapliHa caxpaaeHa y
U:pKBIi ApaqeAli y PHMY (371).
Q. Curtio
KBHHT KYPD.Hje Pycl,lyc (Quintus Curtius Rufus), PIiMCKIi IiCTOPIi­
'lap H3 I BeKa, ayrop IiCToplije AAeKcaH.n;pa BeAliKOr Historiae Alex­
andri Magni. Op6liHIi ra U:IiTlipa Blillie rryra 360r rrAeMeHa AAeKCaH­
.n;poBor .n;o6a Koje cMaTpa CAOBeHCKliM (c. 11,106,167, 169).
Chnstofano Varseuiccio
KwHWT04» BapWeBHIJ.XH (Krysystof Warsyewicki), KaHOHIiK Kpa­
KOBCKH, ayTop crrlica De ongine Polonorum Op6UH. O.n; lbera je Op61i­
Hli .n;o6lio YCMeHa o6aBeIIITeaa 0 rrOBelbli AAeKcaH.n;pa BeAIiKor 3a
CAOBeHe (378).
Dauid Chitreo, dannato Autore
AaBHJt XHTpej (David Chytraeus), eBaHreAliCTliqKli TeOAor, IiCTO­
pliqap Ii rreToCTpYKIi peKTop YHliBep3liTeTa y POlliTOKY (1530-1600)
HaCTaBlbaq AA6epTa KpaHu:a. Op6liH U:IiTlipa H>eroBY KInliry 0 CaK­
COHlijli Chronicon Saxoniae 3a HeKe BpAO orrIIITe rro.n;aTKe, Hrrp . .n;a cy
CAOBeHIi HajBena HaU:lija (7), .n;a cy rrperrAaBHAIi HeKe o6AacTIi (60),
HaBo.n;1i ra Kao rrlicu:a KOjli yrroTpe6lbaBa liMe CAoBeHa (96) Ii Ka,ll;
55
 --
roBOPH 0 ,n;OAaCKY CAOBeHa Ha BaATHK (15). O,n; XHTpeja rrpeY3HMa
Op6HHH H je,n;aH ,n;eTaJb H3 60caHcKe HCTopHje: aHer,n;oTY 0 XPBOjy
BYK'IHny H naBA}' qynopy (364-5). no TOMe l1HpKoBHn CMaTpa ,n;a
je Op6HH Hellocpe,n;HO KOPHCTHO Vandaliae et Saxoniae Alberti
Cranzii continuatio (BHTeM6epr, 1586).
Descritione del mondo
ODBC CBeTa, oBaj HaCAOB ce HaAa3H caMO y crrHCKY ayTopa H HHje
rr03HaTO Ha Koje ,n;eAO ce O,n;HOCH.
Diodoro Siculo
,llBoAop CBJUlAlljCKB (Diodoro Siculo), CAaBHH rp"IKH HCTOpH"Iap H3
I BeKa llpe XpHCTa. Op6HHH ra U:HTHpa y Be3H C AAeKcaH,n;poM Be­
AHKHM (171).
Diogene Lam-tio
,llBoreB Aaep.aBBB (Diogene Laertio), 6Horpaq:, aHTH"IKHX q:,HAO­
30q:,a H3 III BeKa. HHje YTBpl)eHo KaKO raje Op6HHH HCKOPHCTHO.
Dione Niceo
,llBOB KacBje KOKejaB (Dion Casiuc Cocceianus), PHMCKH KOH3YA H
HCTOpH"Iap (155-235), ayTop Pu..M.cKux ucmopuja, KOjH je cApK60Bao
Ha XeAMCKOM (EaAKaHCKoM) rroAyocTPBY, ,n;06po ra je yn03Hao H Te
"IHIbeHHu:e HaBo,n;H y CBOjHM HcmopujaMa) Op6HHH ra Ha3HBa H Dio­
ne Greco H Dione Bisantino H U:HTHpa Kao aYTopHTeT 3a fOTe (106),
MapKoMaHe (142) H I1AHpe (172). KopHcTH ra BHlne rryTa 3a rroje­
,n;HHe KOHKpeTHe ,n;oral)aje Ha c. 106, 144, 145, 1 157, 158, 162,
184-5,345.
Dionisio Punico
,llBoBBcBje nepBjereT, rreCHHK II reorpaq:, H3 II BeKa. Op6HH Ha­
BO,n;H je,n;aH IberoB ,n;HCTllX y HTaAMjaHcKoM rrpeBo,n;y (162). HaBo,n;H
ra jom je,n;HoM (159) Kao ,n;OKa3 ,n;a cy Peucetii Ha3HBaHH H Peucen­
tini.
Dithmaro Mersapurgese
,llBTMap Mepse6ypmKB (Dithmaro Mersapurgese), HeMa"IKH xpo­
HH"Iap II 611cKYrr Mep3e6ypra (976-1018), llHcau: Xp01-tUKe (Thiet­
mari Merseburgensis episcopi Chronicon), Koja ca,n;p:am H 3Ha"IajHe
rro,n;aTKe 0 CAOBeHHMa. Op6HHH ra HHr,n;e He HaBo,n;H OCHM y crrHcKY.
Domenico Mario Nigro
,lloMeBBKo MapBja HerpB (Domenico Maria Negri) H3 BeHeU:Hje je
crroMeHYT y rrperAe,n;y HCTopHje KOTopa (297) KaKO Y Illecroj KIbH3H
cBoje re02paljJuje rrpeHOCH je,n;aH rro,n;aTaK 113 nAHHHja, H y pacrrpaB­
lhaIbY 0 CKOp,n;HCU:HMa (157).
Egesippo
XerecBD ce He CIlOMIIIbe y TeKCTy. I1Me ce M02Ke O,n;HOCHTH Ha BHIlle
rrHcau:a. Je,n;aH XerecHIl je 6HO u:pKBeHH rrHcau: Kora U:HTHpa Eyce­
611je. no,n; I1MeHoM XerecHrra je 6110 rr03HaT H AaTHHCKH rrpeBO,n; tPAa­
BHja JOCllq:,a.
Egidio Tschudio
ErJI.ABjyc "IYAB (Glareanus Aegidius Tschudi), mBaju:apCKll HCTO­
pH"Iap (1505-1572), rrHcau: ,n;eAa Chronicon Helveticum. Op6HHH ra
He crrOMHIbe HHr,n;e y TeKCTY·
56
Eginharto Monaco
AjBxaPA (Einhard), q:,paHa"IKH HaY"IHHK, ,n;BopjaHHH H cApK6eHHK
KapAa BeAHKOr H IberoBor CHHa Ay,n;BHra n0602KHOr H 6110rpaq:,
KapAa BeAHKOr (775-840) H rrHcau: q:,paHa"IKHX aHMa Vita Caroli
MagnL Op6HHH ra y CBOMe H360py "IHIbeHHu:a y Be3H ca HCToPlljOM
BpeMeHa KapAa BeAliKor H3Pll"IHTO HaBo,n;H CaMO je,n;HOM 360r IIAe­
MeHa Uncrani (104) a rro,n;aTKe KOjH rrOTH"IY 113 AjHXap,n;a HaBo,n;H rro
AHOHHjy H ,n;pymMa.
Elio Cordo, Giunio Cordo
EAJlje JYBBje KOPA (Aelius Junius Cordus), PHMCKH 6Horpaq:, u:a­
peBa H3 III BeKa. Op6HHH ra rrOMHIbeKO,n; roTCKllX paToBa (110).
Elio spartiano
EAllje CDapTBjaB (Elio Spartiano), PHMCKH HCTOpH"Iap H3 IV BeKa,
e,n;aH o,n; ayTopa KOjH ce pa"IYHajy y Scriptores historiae Augustae, o,n;
KojHX je OCTao 360PHHK 6Horpaq:,Hja PHMCKllX u:apeBa o,n; Xa,n;pHjaHa
,n;o HYMepHjaHa (o,n; 117. ,n;o 284. ro,n;HHe). Op6HHH ra rrOMHIbe y Be3H
ca 2KHBOTOM u:apa AHToHHHa (88).
Emanuelo Manasse
KOBeTaBTBB MaBaca, BH3aHTHjCKH HCTOpH"Iap, KOjH je "IaK 6HO
rrpeBe,n;eH Ha AaTHHCKH: Annales Constantini Manassis primum in lu­
cem prolati, graecis Latini facti per Levvenclaium (Ea3eA, 1573). Ha
Ibera je Op6HH HajBepoBaTHHje MHCAHO, aAH ra HHje KOPHCTHO ,n;H­
peKTHO, Hero H3 HeKor HH,lJ;HpeKTHor H3Bopa H rrpH TOMe je BepOBaT­
HO HarrpaBHO rpeIllKY y IIMeHY.
Epitome di Strabone
CTpa60B ne 6HTH KaCHHje ,n;eTaJbHHje rroMeHYT rro,n; Strabone.
Erasmo Stella
EpasMo CTeAa je aYTop ,n;eAa 0 npYCKoj De Borussiae antiquitatibus
libri 2 (1518).
Eudocio Panegirista
M02K,lJ;a je TO EBAoKcBje BS KBSBKa (Eudoxe de Cyzique), rrOMopau:
H3 II BeKa, "IHje rro,n;aTKe KOPHCTH nOMrroHHje MeAa. Op6HHH ra He
crrOMHIbe y TeKCTY, HHje rr03HaTO KaKO ra je Op6HH HCKOpHCTHO.
Eugippo Monaco
EyrBD PeAoBBBK, orraT MaHaCTHpa AYKYAaHYM y 6AH3HHH Harrylha
(yMPO rrOCAe 533. ro,n;HHe), rrHcau: 6Horpaq:,Hje CBeTor CeBepHHa,
Ba2KaH H3BOP 3a rrporraCT pHMcKe BAaCTH y V BeKY. HHje YTBpl)eHo
KaKO ra je Op6HH HCKOpHCTHO.
Eusebio
JeBceBBje (Eyse6Bje) UecapejcKB, rr03HaT H Kao JeBceBBje naM­
cJ?BA, "IYBeHH HCTOpH"Iap u:pKBe (275-339), errHCKorr Uecapeje H ca­
BeTHHK u:apa KOHCTaHTHHa. AaTHHcKH rrpeBo,n;H IberOBHX ,n;eAa 6HAR
cy IllTaMrraHH ,n;o BpeMeHa Op6HHHja, KOjH ra y TeKcTY U:HTHpa ,n;Ba­
rryT (107,109).
Eustachio
EBcTBXBje, M02Ke 6HTH HeKH o,n; 6pOjHHX rrHcau:a ca HMeHOM Eusta­
thio. Op6HHH ra U:HTHpa Ha c. 146 (I1AllPH cy Ha3BaHli rro I1AHPHjy,
CHHY Ka,n;MoBoM).
57
Eutropio
EBTpoDBje (Eutrapius), PHMCKH HCTOpHqap H .n;p)KaBHH qHHOBHHK
H3 IV BeKa. Op6HHH ra U:HTHpa BHlne rryTa Ka.n;a je peq 0 PHMCKHM
paToBHMa ca rOTHMa H .n;pyrHM rrAeMeHHMa (107,109,110,114,121,
140,156,174,345). Ha }hera ce Op6HHH rr03Bao .n;oKa3yjyhH
JycTHHHjaHoBo CAOBeHCKO rropeKAo (175).
Farasmanno Greco
~apacMaB, ayTOp Kora Op6HHH HaAa3H KO.n; ,llHoHa H AMHjaHa
Mapu:eAHHa (144). Ko.n; ,llHoHa je <papacMaH Kpalb H6epau:a, KOjH je
paTOBao C AAaHHMa, 0 KojHMa Op6HH Ha TOMe MecTy rrpHqa.
Fascicolo de'tempi, Vemero Rolenuick
BepBep POAeBBK (Werner Rolewick), KapTy3HjaHcKH MOHax H3 KeA­
Ha (1425-1502), ayTop .n;eAa German Carthusian monk Fascicolo dei
tempi, Koje Ca.n;P)KH BHwe xpOHHKa. HMa H3.n;a}ha ca HCTHM HaCAO­
BOM KO.n; KOjHX HHje HaBe.n;eHO HMe ayTopa. OTy.n;a ce, BepOBaTHO, y
Op6HHHjeBoM crrHCKY jaBlbajy H Fascicolo de'tempi H Vemero Rolen­
uick. Op6HHH ra U:HTHpa caMO Kao .n;OKa3 .n;a cy u:ap KapAo IV H H>e­
rOBH CHHOBH )KHrMYH.n; H BeHu:ecAaB CAoBeHH.
Filippo Callimaco
~BABn KaABMaX (Philippus Bonacursius 3BaHH Callimachus Expe­
riens) , HCTOpHl.Jap XV BeKa (yMPO 1496. ro.n;HHe y KpaKoBY), 3Haqa­
jaH 3a Hac rro CBOjOj HCTOPHjH BAa.n;HCAaBa JareAOHu:a H 6HTKe Ha
BapHH. Op6HH He CrrOMH}he TO }herOBO .n;eAO, Hero roBOP rrarrH HHO­
heHTHjy VIII 0 paTy rrpoTHB TypaKa, KOjH U:HTHpa 360r oCTpBa HOBa
3eMlba, oTKpHBeHor o.n; Pyca (94).
Filipo Lonicero dann. Aut.
~BABn AOBBD.epO, ayTop je.n;He HCTopHje TypaKa, WTaMrraHe BHwe
rryTa TOKOM XVI BeKa. Op6HHH ra U:HTHpa Ha Mecry r.n;e roBOPH 0
3ap06lbaBaH>Y H rrory6lbeH>Y KHe3a Aa3apa (318).
Flauio Vopisco
~A8.BBje BOIIBCKO (Flavius Vopiscus), PHMCKH HCTopwmp H3 IV
BeKa, KOjH crra.n;a y Scriptores historiae Augustae. Op6HHH ra<-HaBoy
Be3H ca HAHpHMa (1 72) H HCTOPHjOM PHMCKHX u:apeBa (88,174), rrpe­
6auyje My rrpHCTpaCHOCT Ka.n; rOBopH 0 rOTHMa (111). UHTHpa ra jow
Ka.n; roBOPH 0 paT}' AypeAHjaHa C MapKoMaHHMa (140) H Ka.n; TBp.n;H
.n;a cy po.n;HTelbH u:apa KAay.n;Hja HAHPH (1 75) .
L. Floro, Lucio Floro
AYJI.Bje ABej CeBexa ~AOp (Lucius Annaeus Florus), PHMCKH HCTO­
pHqap (70-130), nOqeTKOM II BeKa caKYrrHo, yrAaBHoM rro AHBHjy,
KpaTaK rrpeAe.n; HCTopHje PHMa. MHorH ra rrorpewHo rroBe3yjy ca
neCHHKOM lly6AHjeM AHejeM H3 BpeMeHa u:apa Xa.n;pHjaHa. Op6HHH
ra U:HTHpa ce Ha c. 145 y3 rro.n;aTaK .n;a cy HAHpCKe (y Ap.n;y6H Y
BpeMe BaToHoBHX YCTaHaKa) )KeHe y6HjaAe CBOjy .n;euy H 6aU:aAe Ha
HenpHjaTelba, 0 TpaqaHHMa (146), HAHpHMa (148) H Me3HMa (
Francesco Risio
~paBq:ecKo BBsBo (Francesco Bisio, Franciscus Bissius), rreCHHK H
roBoPHHK H3 llaAepMa (yMPO 1598. ro.n;HHe). Op6HHH ra rrOMHH>e Kao
Francesco Bisio da Bergamo iii quale stette alquanto tempo nella
58
Russia et scrisse Ie cose di quel Regno (90). HaBe.n;eH Kao ayropHTeT
3a PyCHjy Ha Kora yrryhyje qHTaou:e.
Francesco Baldillo
~paBq:ecKo B8AZI.BAO (Francesco Baldillo) je HTaAHjaHcKH KH>H)KeB­
HHK H rrpeBo.n;HAau: cTapHx ayTopa ca rpqKOr H AaTHHCKor je3HKa H3
.n;pyre rrOAOBHHe XVI BeKa. Op6HHH ra U:HTHpa Ha c. 184 Kao "Mo.n;ep­
HH rrHcau: Francesco Baldelli" y3 rro.n;aTaK .n;a cy llapTHHH )KHBeAH
rrpe CAOBeHa y OKOAHHH ,lly6poBHHKa.
Francesco lrenico
~paBq:ecKo HpeBBKo je 3anpaBo ~paBD. ~p1I.ZI.AB6 3BaHH HpeBB­
xyc (Franciscus Irenicus, Franz Friedlieb), HeMaqKH HCTOpHqap (OKO
1495-oKo 1559), ayTOp .n;eAa Germaniae exegesis (HHpH6epr, 1518).
Op6HH je)J;HOM HaBo.n;H oBaj HaCAOB (126), a MHOro rIyTa ra U:HTHpa
roBopehH 0 repMaHcKHM ITAeMeHHMa, Koja cMaTpa .n;a cy CAOBeHCKa
(7,44,97,102,103,104,119,1 132,398).
Franceso Serdonati
~paBq:ecKo Cep.ztoBaTB (Franceso Serdonati) je HTaAHjaHcKH xyMa­
HHCTa H3 <PHpeHu:e (1540-1603), HeKO BpeMe rrpocjJecop y,lly6pOB­
HHKY. Y <PHpeHU:H je H3.n;ao crrHC Ay.n;oBHKa UpHjeBHha Ty6epoHHja
De Turcarum origine. Op6HHH ra U:HTHpa 360r CBOjHX .n;o.n;aTaKa al I
libra de' casi de gli huomini Illustri di Gio. Bocaccio (De casibus
virorum illustrium) (187) Y KojHMa CrrOMHH>e .n;y6pOBaqKOr BAaCTeAHHa
,llaMjaHa Jy.n;y.
Gasparo Hedione, dannato aut.
KaclIap Xe.ztBo (Caspar Hedio, Heyd, Bock HAH Bockel) HeMaqKH
TeOAOr pecjJopMHCTa H HCTOpHqap H3 ETAHHreHa H CTpa36ypa (1494­
1552). 06jaBHo je BHIDe .n;eAa cTapHjHx rrHcau:a orraTa o.n; Ypc6epra,
Ey3e6Hja llaMcjJHAa HT.n;. HHje YTBpi)eHo KaKO ra je Op6HHH HCKO­
pHCTHO.
Casparo Peucero
KaclIap neBKep (Caspar Peucer), copa6CKor rropeKAa, AeKap H pe­
cjJopMaTOp (1525-1602) H3 BHTeM6epIDKor pecjJopMaTopcKor Kpyra.
3eT <PHAHrra MeAaHXTOHa, qHja je .n;eAa H3.n;aBao H HaCTaBHO .n;orryHY
Kapumwee Xpofiwce. HaKo je 6HO pecjJopMaTop, HHje HaBe.n;eH Kao
dannato autore. HHje YTBpi)eHo KaKO ra je Op6HHH HCKOpHCTHO.
Gasparo Tigurino dan. aut.
KaclIap BOAcit (Caspar Wolf), AeKap H3 UHpHxa (1532-1601) KOjH je
rrpeBo.n;Ho CTape rpqKe cjJHAococjJe, Hrrp. rrpHpo.n;H>aKa TeocjJpaCTa.
HHje YTBpi)eHo KaKO ra je Op6HHH HCKOpHCTHO.
Geremia Russo
JepeMBja Pyc, Herr03HaTH ayTop KOjH je HajBHwe KopHwheH 3a
.n;HcKpe.n;HTaU:Hjy Op6HHHjeBor HayqHor rrpHCTyrIa. H3 yBH.n;a y BHwe
xpoHHKa Op6HHHjeBor .n;06a, pa.n;H ce 0 ayTOpy HeKe o.n; xpoHHKa Koje
ce y H3BopHMa HaBo.n;e Kao Annales Ruthenorum, Annali di Russia,
AnnaB di Moscouia HT.n;. Op6HHH HaBo.n;H .n;a je JepeMHja rrHcao CBO-
Annali di Russia 1227. ro.n;HHe H .n;OHOCH H3 H>HX O)J;AOMKe y rrpe­
BO.n;y, a y HaBoi)e}hHMa KOPHCTH 6pojHe TBp.n;H>e 0 cAoBeHCTBY pa3­
HHX rrAeMeHa (rrporAaweHHx KacHHje 3a fepMaHe) H aHTHqKHX MaKe­
59
 ,n;OHaua. HaBO,n;ll cy npeBllIIle jacHll ,n;a 6ll 6llAO C}'MFbe ,n;a je Op6llHll
llMao TO ,n;eAO y pYKaMa, a no,n;aUll ce npeBllllIe ,n;o6po CAruKY ca 6poj­
HllM CAllqHllM no,n;aUllMa ,n;py1'llx ayTopa, ,n;a 6ll ce pa,n;llAO 0 UlllbHOM
ll3MllllIlbaFbY ayTopa. PyCKll CTapll AeTonllCll y CPOPMll Koja je npeoc­
TaAa nOCAe IllAeuepOBe 06pa,n;e (yK:zbyqyjynll II AeTonllcua HeCTopa)
He ,n;ajy ,n;OBOlbHO qllFbeHllua ,n;a ce yTBp,n;ll FberoB ll,n;eHTllTeT.
Gerrardo Rudingero
repxap.ll Py.llBBrep (Gerhard Rudinger) je ayTOp je,n;He reozpacjJuje
(KO,n; AYKapeBllna ce Ha3llBa K03.MozpacjJuja) KOjy Op6llHll UHTHpa
(298) 3601' llMeHa Vesecastro, KaKO ce y HeKHM ll3BopHMa HaSHBao
rpa,n; KOTOP Y BocHH (KO,n; AYKapeBHna HaAa3HMO 06AllK Vissikotor).
Gioanni Aubano
JoxaB BeMe (Johann Boehme, Johannes Aubanus), HeMaqKH ayTop
llS npBe nOAOBllHe XVI BeKa, nHcau ,n;eAa 0 06llqajllMa pa3HHx Ha­
po,n;a (1538). TIpeBe,n;eHo je Ha llTaAlljaHcKH: I costumi, Ie Ieggi et
l'usanze di tutte Ie genti. Op6llHll 1'a UHTHpa Ka,n; je peq 0 ll,n;OAono­
KAOHCTBY 06roplljaHa (59) H Y npHqH KaKO je KapAo BeAllKH nOCAao
KOAoHHje HeMaua y)laKlljy H TaKO OCHOBao Ce,n;aM rpa,n;oBa (135).
Gioanni Auentino, dannato aut.
JoxaB TBpMajep (Johann Johann Georg Turmair or Thurmayr)
SBaHll AseBTBB no MeCTy po)jeFba A6eHc6epry, 6aBapcKll HCTOPH­
qap, XYMaHHCTa II cpllAOAOr (1477-1534), ayTop £aeapcl'Ce xpOl-tul'Ce ­
Annals of Bavaria (1523). Ha TO ,n;eAO Op6llHll MHCAH H Ha ,n;pyrHM
MeCTHMa Ka,n; UllTHpa caMO 2, 3. HAll 4. KFbllry. ABeHTHH je ynoTpe­
6lbaBaH Henocpe,n;Ho II UHTHpaH MHOro nyTa 3a ,n;ora)jaje ll3 pHMcKe,
repMaHcKe II CAOBeHCKe llCTopHje Ha c. 12, 15, 32,33,34, 40, 41,
44 (cnoMHFbece libro di carta pecorina nel monasterio de'Monad
posto all Hmo, dove si trovano ancor molte altre guerre degli Slaui),
46,59,65,67,69,74,89,96,120,177,403,407.
Gioanni Battista
1}aB6aTBcTa 1;;ycTBBBjaBo (Giovanni Battista Giustiniano), MAe­
TaqKll IlAeMHll KOjll je 6HO Ha llHcneKUlljcKoM nyToBaFbY u('} )laA­
MaI.:(lljll, nOCAe qe1'a je HanHcao ,n;eAO Itinerario (1553) ca onHCllMa.
Gioanni Botero
1;;osaBB BOTepo (Giovanni Botero) llTaAHjaHcKll CBeillTeHllK, nHcau
H CPllA030CP (1544-1617), ayTop nOAHTllqKO-reorpacpcKor TpaKTaTa
Relazioni universali (1591) Y KOMe ,n;aje no,n;aTKe 0 CAoBeHllMa H cneB
3a Kpalba AHpllja o,n; BaAya ca enH30,n;aMa HS nOlbCKe llCTopHje.
Op6llH nOMllFbe FberoBo ,n;eAO dell'Europa (132). TIo3HBa ce Ha Fbera
npllqajYllH ,n;a je JYCTllHHjaH I HS TIpll3peHa (175) H ,n;a je CTecpaH
TOMallIeBHll nOCTaBlbeH Kao MeTa CTpeAUHMa H TaKO y6HjeH (376).
)lBa HaBo,n;a ce THqy pllMcKe HCTopHje (132,140).
Gioanni Codco
JoxaB )l06Bex KOXAeyc (Johann Dobneck Cohlaeus, Johannes Co­
chiaeus), HeMaqKH XYMaHllCTa, TeOAor II KpHTHqap MapTHHa Ayrepa
H3 HllpH6epra (1479-1552). OCllM THX KpllTHKa, HanHcao Vita Theo­
derici Regis Quondam Ostrogothorum et Italiae, Brevis Germaniae
descriptio tum a rebus gestis moribusque populorum tum a locorum
60
situ, Historia Hussitarum. Op6HHH 1'a UHTHpa Ha c. 140 0 npa,n;oMo­
BllHH nAeMeHa KBa,n;a.
Gioanni Curopalato
JosaB CXBABII.a, no CBOM qHHY Ha POMejcKoM ,n;BOPY HaSllBaH II
KypoD8A8.Ta (Ha,n;30PHHK ,n;Bopa), pOMejcKH .n;BOpjaHHH H HCTOpHqap
HS XI BeKa. AyTop xpoHHKa 0 pOMejcKHM uapeBHMa (Kpaml'Ca ucmo­
puja) CaqYBaHllX npeKo KOMnHAaUHja HenOSHaTOr HaCTaBlbaqa H no­
TOM I'eop1'llja Ke,n;peHa.
Gioanni Dubrauio
JaB Jly6pascxB, JosaB )ly6pasBj (Jan SkiHa z Doubravky a
Hradisti~, Johannes Dubravius), qellIKH XYMaHllCTa H nHcau (1486­
1553), 6HCKj'n OAOMYUKH H ayTop qellIKe llCTOpllje Historia Bohe­
mica. Op6llHll ra BllIIle nyTa UllTHpa rOBopenH 0 l..J:eCHMa II 3ana,n;­
HHM CAoBeHllMa, Hnp. 0 npllqH l..J:exy H Aexy (47), Kao H Ha c. 7, 45,
46,49,50,51,54,68,87,95,103,134,140.
Gioanni di Essendia
JoxaB .OB EceB (?-1456), HeMaqKH MOHax ,n;oMllHHKaHau, HCTO­
pllqap, nHcau Historia belli a Carolo Magno contra Saxones gestio
Op6HHH 1'a ullTllpa Ha C. 120 r,n;e 1'OBopH 0 BaH,n;aAHMa, CBaKaKO H3
,n;py1'e pyKe, jep je Fbe1'OB cnHC llITaMnaH TeK y XVIII BeKj'.
Gioanni Herburto
JaB Xep6YPT B3 4JyAwTajBa (Herbert de Fulstyn, Jean), nOlbCKH
nOCAaHHK y TIapll3y II nllcau ,n;eAa Cronicon historiae polonicae
(Ba3eA, 1571). Op6llH 1'a HaBo,n;ll caMO Kao nHcua KOjll ynoTpe6lbaBa
llMeSlaui.
Gioanni Laziardo
lKaB Aa3ap (Johannes Laziardus), cppaHnycKll cppaTap (?-1467),
ayTop Habes candide lector fratris Laziardi necnon Huberti Velleii
conserta Epitomata a primaeva mundi origine ad tempora nostra
(TIapH3, 1521). HHje YTBp)jeHo KaKO ra je Op6HHll llCKOpllCTHO.
Gioanni Magno Gotho
JoxaB MOBCOB, 3BaHH MarBYc (Johannes Magnus), 6paT OAajyca
MarHyca, llIBe,n;CKH HCTOpllqap (1488-1544). Ha,n;6llCKj'n YncMe II
npllMac IllBe,n;cKe, nHcau ,n;eAa Historia de omnibus Gothorum Sue­
uorumque regibus (1554). Op6HH ra UllTHpa roBopenH 0 BeHe,n;HMa
(59) II Ka,n; TBp,n;H ,n;a cy BaH,n;aAll II CAoBeHH je,n;aH Hapo,n; (97).
Gioanni Leundauio, dannato aut.
JoxaB AeYBKABSBje (Johann LowenkIau, Johannes Leunklavius)
HeMaqKH XYMaHllCTa, HCTOpllqap II npaBHllK (1533-1593, n03HarH
opHjeHTaAllCT II n03HaBaAau POMejcKor uapCTBa. O,n; FberOBHX ,n;eAa
Op6llHll nOMllFbe CaMO Historioe de' Turchi, Tj. cnHC Historiae musul­
manae Turcorum de monumentis ipsorum exscriptae, libri XVIII, MH
,n;aAeKO BllllIe KOPHCTll Annales sultanorum Othmanidarum a Turds
sua lingua scripti, HapOqHTO TyMaqeFba H KOMeHTape ,n;o,n;aTe OBOM
,n;eAy. H AeYHKAaBllje je HaBe,n;eH Kao nHcau KOjll ynoTpe6lbaBa llMe
Slaui (96). Ha Fbe1'a ce Op6llHll n03HBa KO,n; ll,n;eHTHcpHKaUHje I'0pFbe
Me3llje H Cp6Hje (165). KopHllIneH je 3a reHeaAOrnjy cpncKllX BAa­
,n;apcKHx nopo,n;Hua (276), OKO KOCOBCKe 6HTKe (312,313,315,319), 0
61
 ---
TOMe ,na AH je MeXMe,n II CHH Mape BpaHKoBHh (325), 0 110cTyl1alhY
MeXMe,na II ca CTecPaHoM TOMaweBHheM (376), 0 TypCKOM 6pojalby
paTHHX ro,nlIHa (377) H 0 BYKY fprypeBHhy (342).
Gioanni Nauclero
JoxaH Bepreuxauc, 3BaHH HaYKAep (Johannes Vergenhans, Nau­
clerus), HeMa"fKH HCTOpH"fap (1430-1510), 1103HaT 110 ,neAy Chronicon
uniuersale (1516). To ,neAO u.HTHpa Op6HHH 110 reHepau.HjaMa. TaKo
ce 3a CAoBeHe y BpHTaHHjH 1103HBa Ha 31 reHepau.Hjy (11), 3a yrra,n
CKHpa y Me3Hjy y BpeMe ATHAHHHX CHHOBa Ha 16. reHepau.Hjy (134).
nOMHlhe ra H Ka,D; rOBopH 0 BpeMeHY Ka,D; je CBeTH JepoHHM I1peBeO
BH6AHjy (174).
Gioanni Villano
1)oBauu BHAaHO je ,n06po 1103HaTH cPHpeHTHHcKH ,nHIlAOMaTa H xpo­
HH"fap (yMPO 1348. ro,nHHe), ayTop Storie florentine. Op6HHH ce
1103BaO Ha lhera rOBopehH 0 YHYTpaIIIlbHM 60p6aMa y CBOMe PO,lJ;HOM
rpa,n;y Y BpeMe .llaMjaHa Jy,ne. Kao IIITO cy <PHpeHTHHu.H y BpeMe
CBOjHX HeCAora 1103BaAH Ha BAa,n;y IIITO I1pH"fa BHAaHH, TaKO
cy .lly6pOB"faHH Y3eAH KHe:lKeBe H3 MAeTaKa (189). Ha3HB terra del re
Stefano, KOjH yrroTpe6lbaBa Op6HHH, HaAa3H ce H KO,n BHAaHHja.
Gioanni Stadio
Op6HHH ra 110MHlhe 360r Tora IIITO je y CBOjHM KOMeHTapHMa Ayu.Hja
<pAopa roBOPHO 0 Jal1o,nHMa (158). HHje Ta"fHO YTBpl)eHO 0 KOMe ce
I1HCUY pa,D;H.
Gioanni Goroppeio
JoxaH ropouuyc, Jau Bexau BaH ropu (Jan Gerartsen van Gorp,
Johannes Goropius Becanus), XOAaH,nCKH AeKap, XHMaHHCTa H 1103­
HaT Kao AHHrBHCTa (1519-1572) 110 H3Y"faBalhY CTapHx je3HKa (110­
"feB o,n BaBHAOHCKe 110MeTlbe). AYTOP KlbHre H3,naTe 1569. ro,nHHe
loan. Goropii Becani Origines Antwerpianae, siue Cimmeriornm Becce­
selana nouem libros complexa: Atuatica I. Gigantomachia II. Nilosco­
pium Ill. Cronia W. Indoscythica V. Saxsonica VI. Gotodanica VII.
Amazonica VIII. Venetica & Hyperborea IX. Op6HHH ce 1103HSa Ha
lberoBY OCMy KlbHry 0 AMa30HKaMa (105,142), Koje cy :lKeHe CapMa­
Ta CAoBeHa.
Gioanni Gobellino
Joxau ro6eAHu (Johannes Gobelinus de Lins) , HeMa"fKH KAepHK
I1peI1HCHBa"f ,neAa l1al1e nHja II Commentarii rernm memorabilium
quae temporibus suis contigernnt, Koje je rrOCAe ,nHKTHpalha ype,nHo
Johannes Campanus. 360r 6eAeIIIKe ca f06eAHHOBHM HMeHOM Ha
Kpajy PYKOI1HCa I1pBH H3,naBa"f je OBOMe KAepHlcy I1pHI1HCaO rral1HHe
MeMoape. Op6HH je KOPHCTHO oBaj CI1HC 3HajyhH,na 110TH"fe o,n l1al1e
nHja II (BH,D;H 110,n Pio Secondo), a 110,naTaK 0 TOMe ,na ce CBH 60­
caHCKH KpalbeBH 30BY CTecPaH (369) Y3eo je BepoBaTHo o,n HeKora KO
je YMeCTo nHja II u.HTHpao f06eAHHa.
Gioanni Monaco
JOBau Mouax je HMe Koje cy HOCHAH 6pOjHH I1HCU.H Y H CBeTCKe xpoHHKe - KOMI1HAau.Hje JOBaHa CKHAHu.e. Y XVI BeKY cy
3al1a,D;Hoj EBpoI1H. Op6HHH ra 110MHlbe Ha c. 115 y3 ,npyre ayTope 0
62
110CAe,1l:IhHM ,naHHMa PHMCKOr UapCTBa Ha 3al1a,n;y, IIlTO HHje ,nOBOlb­
HO ,na 6H ce YTBp,nHAO Ha KOr ayTopa ce CTBapHO MHCAH.
Gioaoni di Thvuocz
JOBaU (Jauom) TypOIlU (Thurocz.y Janos, Jim z Turca, Johannes
de Thurocz), yrapcKH XpOHH':'iap (1435-1489), ayTop ,neAa Chronica
Hungarornm HAH Chronicon rernm Hungaricarnm, Koje Op6HHH KO­
pHCTH yrAaBHOM 110Cpe,nHO. HeKe 110,naTKe je KOPHCTHO I1peKO BOH­
cPHHHja, ,nOK TypOu.Hja Hel10Cpe,lJ;H0 u.HTHpa CaMO TpH l1yTa - Ka,D;
I1peHOCH I1pHT.iY 0 CAoBeHHMa H3 AHI1He KOjH cy TeK 3a BpeMe Ay,no­
BHKa AmKY.icKor I1pHMHAH xpHIIlhaHCTBo (174), Ka,D; I1pH"fa 0 paTy
Yrpa C BeCHMa (346) H Ka,D; I1peHOCH I1PH"fy 0 yrapcKoM 60jy C Typ­
U.HMay BOCHH 1415 (365).
Gioanni Tigurino
Joxau mTyMlICp (Johannes Stumpfus), IIlBaju.apcKH HCTOpH"fap H3
UHpmm (1500-1576), I1Hcau. je,lJ;He xpoHHKe illBaju.apcKe. HHje
yTBpl)eHo KaKO ra je Op6HHH KOpHCTHO.
Gioanni Pineto
Xyau Ae DuueAa (Juan de Pineda), IIll1aHCKH TeOAOr XVI BeKa H
KOMeHTaTop BH6AHje. Op6HHH ra u.HTHpa Ha MecTy r,ne 06jaIIllhaBa
,na je AH6ypHHja Kpaj OKO 3a,npa (159).
Giacomo Castaldo
1)axoMo KaCTaA,AO (Giacomo Castaldo), 1103HaTH BeHeu.HjaHcKH reo­
rpacP H KapTorpacP (1500-1565). Op6HHH 110 lheMY TBp,D;H ,na ce
TOIlAHu.a Y cTapo ,n06a 3BaAa Tricornesii (330) H ,na cy CKOP,D;HCU.H
:amBeAH y PaIIlKoj (157).
Giacomo Meiero
Jaxo6 Majep (Jacob Meyer), cPAaH,nPHjCKH XpOHH"fap (1492-1551)
ayTop ,neAa Annales rerum Flandricarum, Antverpiae 1561. Op6HHH
je I1peKO lhera Yl103Hao I1HCMO Kpalba )KHrMYH,na y KOMe rOBopH 0
H3MHpelhY C KPalbeM OCTOjOM (362). CI10MHlhe ra roBopehH 0 Py­
CHMa (88).
Giacomo Vifelingio
Jaxo6 BUMutPeABUr (Jacob Wimpfeling), HeMa"fKH cPHAoAor H TeO­
Aor (1450-1528). fheroBO ,neAO Epitome rerum Germanicarum Op­
6HHH u.HTHpa rOBopehH 0 "feIIlKOM KpalbY OToKapy (50).
Giacomo Spigelio
Jaxo6 mUureA (Jacob Spiegel), HeMa"fKH XYMaHHCTa (YMPO 1547.
ro,nHHe), KpalbeBCKH ceKpeTap MaKCHMHAHjaHa L HHje YTBpl)eHo Ka­
KO ra je Op6HHH HCKOpHCTHO.
Giacomo Zieglero, dannato autore
Jaxo6 [(urAep (Jacob Ziegler), 6e"fKH I1pocPecop (1470-1549),
ayTop CI1HCa Germaniae Encomia (1541). Op6HHH ra HaBO,nH Ha c. 4
y3 110MeH HMeHa Scandia.
Giorgio Gedreno
reoprBje KeApuu, pOMejcKH MOHax HCTOpH"fap H3 XI BeKa, ayTOp
06a I1Hcu.a I1peBe,neHa Ha AaTHHCKH, a lhHXOB Mel)yc06HH O,nHOC HHje
6HO 3al1a1KeH. Ha je,nHoM MeCTY Op6HHH ra HaBo,nH Kao aYTopHTeT
63
 .,......­
3a HAHpe (173), ,n;pyrH rryT Kao rrHcu,a KOjH yrroTpe6lbaBa CAOBeHCKO
HMe (96). HajBHIne je KopIHnneH y rAaBH rrocBeneHoj ByrapHMa. Ha
HeKOAHKO MeCTa ce H3PH'lHTO u,HTHpa (399,404,411,417,420,429,
435, 437), a y CTBapH cy MHore CTpaHHu,e Hcrr)'lheHe 6YKBaAHHM ca­
MO MeCTHMH'lHO cKpaneHHM rrpeBo,n;oM H3 Ke,n;pHHa. l.JHTaBa HCTO­
pHja u,apa CaMYHAa CaCTaBlbeHa je H3 BeAHKHX H3Bo,n;a H3 Ke,n;pHHa,
rrpolliapaHHx Ty H TaMO HeKHM ,n;pyrHM H3BOPOM (427-443).
Giorgio Fabritio, dannato autore
reopr 4loaopulluyC, HeMa'lKH HCTopH'lap H H3,n;aBa'l TeKCTOBa H3
XVI BeKa. AyTop Rerum Misnicarum !ibri VII (1569) H Originum stirpis
Saxonicae !ibri VII (1597). HHje YTBpoeHo KaKO ra je Op6HHH HCKO­
pHCTHO.
Giorgio Pachimero
reopruje DaxuMep, pOMejcKH HCTOpH'lap (YMPO rrO'leTKOM XIV
BeKa). Op6HHH ra u,HTHpa ca HaBo,n;OM KlbHre (al X libra) roBopenH 0
CHMOHH,n;H (256) H Y rAaBH 0 ByrapHMa Ka.n; roBOPH 0 i\axaHacy
(463). (Ha rrpeTxo,n;Hoj CTpaHH je ,n;OHeo MaAH H3BO,n; He crroMHlbynH
,n;a je H3 naxHMepa.) KaKO je naxHMepoB crrHC 06jaBlbeH TeK 1666­
1669, rrOCTaBlbaAO ce rrHTalbe KaKO raje Morao yrroTpe6HTH. Op6HHH
y cTBapH HHje HH rr03HaBao 'lHTaB naxHMepoB TeKCT, Hero je,n;aH
KpaTKH rrperAe,n; ca.n;p1Kaja rroje,n;HHHX KlbHra H rAaBa, KOjH je rro je,n;­
HOM OlliTeneHOM pYKorrHCY rrpHpe,n;HO JepOHHM BOAq,. YrropeOHBa­
H>eM Op6HHHjeBHX HaBo,n;a ca THM TeKCTOM KOjH My je 6HO rrpH­
cryrra'laH y 36HPU,H: Historia rerum in Oriente gestarum ab exordio
mundi et urbe condito ad nostra haec usque tempora, Francoforti
1587, 'fmpKoBHn YTBpOyje je ,n;a ce Op6HHH CBaKaKO CAY1KHO BOA­
q,OBHM H3BO,n;OM. OBO rrHTalbe HMa CAH'IHOCTH ca KopHIlInelbeM HeKe
Herr03HaTe Bep3Hje nopqmporeHHTOBor crrHca, KOjH TaKooe HHje 6HO
06jaBlbeH y BpeMe Op6HHHja.
Giorgio Tirio
rpBropuje TypCRB (Gregoire de Tours), raACKO-pHMCKH CBeTHTelb,
HCTOpH'lap (OKO 538-594) H errHCKorr rpa.n;a Typa. I:-beroBa. Ilp1\.8eI-W
ucmopuja cPpa1ia1\.a (Historia ecclesiastica gentis Francorum) y 10
KlbHra rrpe,n;cTaBlba HCTOPHjCKH H3BOP 3a paHY erroxy MepoBHHra.
Op6HHH ra u,HTHpa MeOY OCTaAHMa KOjH crroMHlbY rpa.n; Justiniana
Prima (176).
Giorgio Vverenhero
JOlmH reopr BepBep (Johannes Werner) HeMa'lKH MaTeMaTH'lap,
KapTorpaq, H reorpaq, (1468-1528), rrpeBO.n;HAau, reozpacjJuje KAa­
y,n;Hja nToAeMeja. Op6HHH ra u,HTHpa KO,n; BpAO yorrlIITeHe TBp,n;lbe
,n;a cy CAoBeHH HajBena Hau,Hja (7), a ,n;pyrH rryT Meoy rrHcu,HMa KOjH
yrroTpe6lbaBajy HMe CAoBeHa.
Giornando Alano
Jop.zlaHeC HAH JopHaB.zl (Jordanes, Jomandes), HCTOpH'lap fOTa H3
VI BeKa. Op6HHH HaBo,n;H 06a lberOBa ,n;eAa: Libro de Geti H Succes­
sione dei Regni e tempi (Historia de Gothorum sive Getarum origine et
rebus gestis H De summa temporum vel origine actibusque gentis
Romanorum, seu de regnorum et temporum successione). UHTHpa ra
64
MHOro rryTa, HapO'lHTO r,n;e je pe'l 0 fOTHMa (7,59,94,95,97,105,106,
107,108,110,111,112,120,135,142,143,146,165,345,398).
Girolamo Dottore
CD. JepOHHM CTPH.zlOHCRH (Hyeronimus Sophronius Eusebius, u,p­
KBeHH BHCOKO,n;OCTojHHK, rrHcau, H AHHrBHCT (340-420) PO,n;OM H3
CTpH,n;oHa KO,n; fpaxoBa y BOCHH, Kora Op6HHH rrOMHlbe Kao u,pKBe­
Hor ou,a rrpeBO.n;Hou,a BH6AHje (173), aAH H Kao ayTopa, HaCTaBlba'la
Eyce6HjeBe HCTopHje (113,135,148), Kao H Ha Mecry r,n;e TBp,n;H ,n;a
Tpa'laHH rrOTHqy o,n; Jaq,eTa (146).
Girolamo Bardi
1jHPOAaMO Bap.zlH (Girolamo Bardi), HTaAHjaHcKH HcropH'lap (1544­
1594). Op6HHH ra u,HTHpa HeKOAHKO rryTa: 360r ro,n;HHe Harra.n;a
CAoBeHa Ha TpaKHjy (25), KO,n; rrpH'le 0 cYK06y HepeTBlbaHa H u,apa
OTOHa III (31), 3a yrra.n; CAoBeHa y HTaAHjy 650. ro.n;HHe (36), paT
CAOBeHa H u,apa XeHpHxa (73) H paToBe PHMCKHX u,apeBa ca ,llaA­
MaTHMa (163).
Girolamo Ruseclli
1jHpoAaMo PymeAH (Girolamo Ruscelli), HTaAHjaHcKH rrHcau, (1520­
1566), HaCTaBlba'l naBAa 1)oBHja H pe,n;aKTop HTaAHjaHcKe Bep3Hje
nToAeMejeBe reorpaq,Hje. HHje yTBpoeHo KaKO ra Op6HHH KOpHCTH.
Giulio Faroldo
1jyAHO 4loapoA,Zlo (Giulio Faroldo) je HCTopH'lap BeHeu,Hje. I:-beroBe
Annali Veneti Op6HH HaBo,n;H roBopenH 0 HepeTBlbaHHMa (27,28) H 0
MAeTa'lKOM oCBajalbY KOTopa 1378. ro,n;HHe (300).
Giustino
JyCTHH (Marcus Iunianus Iustinus), PHMCKH HCTOpH'Iap ca Kpaja II
BeKa, rrOBa.n;HO je H3 H3ry6lbeHor ,n;eAa nOMrreja Tpora HHTepecaHT­
HHje MOMeHTe H 06pa.n;HO HX y 06AHKJl errHTOMa. Op6HHH ra u,HTHpa
BHIne rryTa crroMHlbynH ITAeMeHa (106,107,133), AMa30HKe (143) H
MaKe,n;OHCKe KpalbeBe (154,165,171).
Giunio Cordo
EAHje JyaBje Kop.zl (Aelius Junius Cordus), PHMCKH HCTOpH'lap H3
III BeKa, 6Horpaq, u,apeBa. Op6HHH ra rrOMHlbe y Be3H ca roTCKHM
paToBHMa (110).
Godifredo Monaco
rOTcilpB.zl MOHax, Kora Op6HHH Ha je,n;HoM MecTy crrOMHlbe Kao
Gothfrido (109). I:-beroBo ,n;eAO 6H Tpe6aAo ,n;a 6y.lIY Croniche d 'Austria
(249) y KojHMa ce roBOPHAO H 0 rrpoAa3Y u,apa cI>pH,n;pHxa I Bap­
6apoce Kp03 Cp6Hjy. MeOY 6pOjHHM fOTq,pH.n;HMa HHje YTBpoeH HH
je,n;aH ayTop aycTpHjcKe xpoHHKe.
Gothfrido Viterbiente
rOT4JpH.zl BHTepocKII (Godofredus Viterbiensis), HeMa'lKH HCTOPH­
'lap H3 XII BeKa, KaHOHHK H3 nH3e, a rrOTOM BHIlIe ,n;eu,eHHja y
BHTep6y. OBor ITAo,n;Hor ayTopa BHIlIe ,n;eAa Op6HHH u,HTHpa Ha c.
399: Gotfredo Viterbiense nella 17. parte, rOBopenH 0 HarraJIY Byrapa
Ha AaHro6ap,n;cKor Kpalba AreAMYH,n;a. BepoBaTHo je TO Pantheon seu
universitatis libri qui Chronici appellantur usoam y Ba3eAY Kao
Chronicon universale 1559.
65
 I
Gregorio Dottore
I'pryp BeABKH, PHMCKH eIIHCKOII rpryp I, CpIIcKa ITpaBocAaBHa
UpKBa ra CAaBH Kao CB. rpHropHja ,llBojecAoBa (540-604). Op6HHH
ra CIIOMHlbe Kao San Gregorio (25), Ka,n IJ;HTHpa lberoBo IIHCMO a
Giovio prefeto di Mauritio imperatore.
Gulielmo Cantero
I'BlIoepMo KaHTepo (Gulielmo Cantero) H3 YTpexTa(1542-1575),
ayrop HH3a KlbHra 0 aHTH"lKHM TeMaMa H ayTopHMa MH HHje II03HaT.
HHje yTBptieHo KaKO ra je Op6HHH HCKOpHCTHO.
Gulie1mo Frisio
I'eMa cz,PH3HjCKH (Gemma Frisius), KaPTorpacp XV BeKa. HHje yTBp­
tieHo KaKO ra je Op6HHH HCKOpHCTHO.
Gunthero Poeta
I'HHTeP napHmKH (Guntherus von Pairis), HeMa"lKH MOHax I.U1CTe­
pHjaHcKor pe.l1.a (1150-1220), aYTop Historia Constantinopolitana H
CIIeBa Ligurinus 0 BAa.l1.aBHHH IJ;apa <PpH.I1.pHxa I Bap6apoce. Op6HHH
HaBO.l1.H.I1.a OH IIMIne.l1.a cY PyCH HeIIoKopRBH paTHHll.H (89).
Hartmanno Schedet Hermanno Schodel
XapTMaH We.lleA (Hartmann Schedel), HeMa"lKH XpOHH"lap H3
HHpH6epra (1440-1514). fberoBY XpOHHKY Liber Chronicarum, Y
Bep3HjH Ha HeMa"lKOM Buch der Chroniken und Geschichten (1493)
Op6HHH ll.HTHpa Kao Cronica historiata 3a IIO.l1.aTaK .I1.a cy aMa30HKe
:aceHe rOTa (143), a II03HBa ce Ha lberOBO .I1.eAO Annali de 'Turchi,
roBopefiH 0 .I1.BOjHIJ;R KOTopaHa KOjH cY IIOCTaAH TYPcKe IIallle (308).
Helmoldo Prete
XeAMOA,ll H3 AH6eKa, CBelllTeHHK (1125-1177), IIHCall. .I1.eAa 0 OCBa­
jalbY CAOBeHCKHX IIO.l1.pyqja 0.11. KapAa BeAHKOr.l1.0 1172. rO.l1.HHe Chro­
nica Slavorum sive Annales Slavorum libri II. Op6HHH lberOB CIIHC 30­
Be Cronica de gli Slaui (50). UHTHpa ra BRllle IIyTa Ha c. 50, 61, 62,
65,74,76,82,83,93,96,103.
Henrico di Eruordia
XeBpBK O.ll XeptIJop.lla (Heinrich von Hervord, Henricus de Her­
vordia), HeMa"lKH .I1.0MHHHKaHaIJ; H3 MaHacTHpa CeHT ITaYA Y MRH­
.I1.eHY (oKoI300-1370). fberoB CIIHC Liber de rebus memorabiliribus
sive chronicon (.11.0 1355) HHje 6HO lllTaMIIaH CBe .11.0 XIX BeKa, TaKO
.I1.a ra je Op6RHH IJ;HTHpaO H3 .I1.Pyre PYKe c. 120 rOBopefiH 0 BaH,IJ.a­
AlIMa.
Hermanno Contratto
XepMaH tlJOH PajxeBay, 3BaHH R XepMaH .I1.ep AaMe, KOHTPaKTYC H
AyrHeHcHc (Hermann von Reichenau, Hermannus Contractus), He­
Ma"lKH MOHax 6eHe.l1.HKTaHall. (1013-1054). HaIIRcao je cBeTcKY
XpOHHKY Chronicon de sex aetatibus mundi (.11.0 1054). Op6HHH ra
HaBO.l1.H .I1.Ba IIyTa Ka,na ce TPy.I1.H OKO XpoHoAorHje 3a ro.l1.RRY 60p6e
AAeKCaH,IJ.pa BeAHKor C TpH6aAHMa (166) H 3a ro.l1.HRY JepoHRMoBor
IIpeBO.l1.a BH6Al1je (1 74).
Hermanno Hamelmanno
XepMaH XaMeAMaH (Hermann Hame1mann), HeMa"lKH peq)QpMHcTa
AYTepaHcKH TeOAor H HCTOpH"lap (1525-1595). AYTOP .I1.eAa Historia
66
ecclesiastica renati evangelii per inferiorem Saxoniam et
Westphaliam. HHje YTBptieHo KaKO ra je Op6HHR HCKOpHCTHO.
Herodiano
XepO.llHjaB je IIHCall. je.l1.He pHMcKe HCTopHje 0.11. Kpaja II .11.0 Cpe.l1.HHe
III BeKa. Op6HHH ra CIIOMHlbe roBopefiH 0 paTY PliMa IIpOTHB Map­
KOMaHa (140).
Herodoto Alicemateo
Xep0.llOT B3 XaABxapBaca Y MaAOa3HjcKoj KaPHjH, HajII03HaTRjR
aHTH"lKH HCTOpH"lap - "OTall. HCTopHje" XepO.l1.0T, KOjH je :lKRBeO Y V
BeKY IIpe XpRCTa, aYTop 'IYBeHe Hcmopuje, IJ;HTHpaH Y Op6HHOBOM
.I1.eAY .I1.Ba IIYTa: 360r Tora lllTO CIIOMHlbe rOTe Y ErHIITY (106) H Bece
Y TpaKHjH (344).
Huldrico Mutio, dannato autore
XHA,llepHK MYU.HjyC (Huldericus Mutius), HeMa"lKH HCTOpH"lap
(1476-1591), ayTOp xpoHHKe De Germanorumprima origine moribus,
institutis, legibus, & memorabilibus pace & bello gestis omnibus omni­
urns reculorum usque ad mensem Augustum anni trigesimi noni supra
millesimum quingentesimum, libri Chronici XXXI. ex probatioribus
Germanicis scriptoribus in Latinam linguam tralati, etc. Ha lbY ce Op­
6HHR II03HBa KO.l1. paToBalba CAOBeHa ca ll.apeM OTOHOM (73).
Hunibaldo
XYHB6aA,ll cz,paBa'"lKH, cppaHa"lKH XpOHH"lap H3 YCMeHor IIpe.l1.alba,
"lHje IIpH"le je 06pa,nHO H H3.11.aO JoxaH TpHTxajM Y De origine gentis
Francorum compendium (1514). Op6HH ra je CBaKaKO Halllao Y CIIH­
cKY ayTopa Y HeKOM TytieM .I1.eAy.
Ioachimo Curco
JOaxHM Kypeyc (Joachim Kuraeus), HeMa"lKH AeKap, TeOAor H
HCTOpH"lap (1532-1573), MeAaHXToHoB yqeHHK H IIPRj aTelb, IIHcaIJ;
lllAeCKHX xpOHHKa Gentis Silesie Annales (1571). fbera je I.U1THpaO y
CTBapH AeYHKAaBHje, a Op6HHi ra je 3aje.l1.HO ca O,IJ.AOMKOM H3 KOMeH­
Tapa y3 Annales sultanorum IIpey3eo.
Isacio Tzetze
HcaK Ileu.ec je CTaPHjH 6paT JOBaBa Ileu.eca, pOMejcKor rpaMa­
TH'Iapa rp"lKO-apMeHcKor IIOpeKAa (1110-1185) IIO ouy rpKY H Maj­
IJ;H JepMeHKH, IIpaaH ayTop CIIHca XUJLuaoec (XHlba,ne) "leCTO 0.11.
KaCHHjHX HCTOpH"lapa rpelllKoM IIPHIIHcHBaHor lberoBoM 6paTY
llc~, KOjR ce H KO.l1. Op6RHHja HaBO.l1.H Kao Isacio interprete di Lico­
frone. OB.I1.e ce MHCAR Ha cxoAHje y3 ARKOCPPOHOBY IIoeMY 0 ll.apy
AAeKCaH,IJ.PY BeAliKOM, Koje TaKotie IIOTH"lY 0.11. JOBaHa. Op6HHH ra
ll.HTHpa Ka.l1. Ka.l1. 06jallllbaBa IIOAO:lKaj TyAe (3) H Ka,n rOBopH o,llaA­
MaTHHHMa Y KaAa6pHjR (164).
Isidoro Hispalense
HCH.llop CeBBlIaCKB (San Isidoro de Sevilla), BH3HrOTCKH ll.pKBeHH
IIHCall. (560-636), Ha,n6HCKYII CeBHlbe H IIpe.l1.Ce.l1.aBajyfiH UpKBeHor
ca60pa y TOAe)ly 633. rO.l1.HHe. AYTOP HCTopHja rOTa, BaH.I1.aAa H
CBeBa (Historia de regibus Go tho rum, Vandalorum et Suevorum).
Kora Op6HH HHje "lHTaO, aAH ra je HIIaK HaBeo Ha MecTY r.l1.e oIIHcyje
BeAH"lHRY TpaKHje (146).
67
 I
Isigonio appresso Plinio
HCBroBBO, rpqKH napa,n;oKcorpacp H3 HHKeje. Op6HHH ra nHTHpa
npeMa IlAHHHjy CTapHjeM, Ka,n;a HaBo,n;H npHqy ,n;a cy TPH6aAH MOrAH
y6HjaTH norAe,n;OM (167).
Kiriaco Spangebergio
KBpujaK mnaBreBoepr (Cyriacus Spangenberg), HeMaqKH eBaHre­
AHCTHqKH TeOAor, ayTop npKBeHHX necaMa H npKBeHH HCTOpHqap
(1528-1604), Op6HHOB caBpeMeHHK H ayTop HeKOAHKO xpoHHKa.
HHje yTBpoeHo H3 Kora o,n; H>eroBHX ,n;eAa nOTHqe no,n;aTaK KOjH Op­
6HHH nHTHpa y npH'-lH 0 ,n;BojHnH KOTopaHa KOjH cy nOCTaAH TypcKe
naIIIe (308).
Lamberto Schaffnaburgense
AaMoepT ~OB Xepc~eAJl (Lambertus Hersfeldensis), HeMaqKH xpo­
HHqap (1028-1085), qHje je ,n;eAO Annales (o,n; CTBOpeH>a CBeTa ,n;o
1077) 6HAO BpAO nonyAapHo. IIlTaMnaHo je no,n; pa3AHqHTHM HaCAO­
BHMa HeKOAHKO nyTa TOKOM XVI BeKa. Op6HHH no H>eMY nHTHpa
KaKO cy PyCH o,n; napa OToHa TpatKHAH ,n;a HM nOIIIalbe 6HcKYIIa, aAH
O,n;Max H HcnpaBIba CBOj H3BOP TBp,n;enH ,n;a ce TO O,n;HOCH Ha CTaHOB­
HHKe PyrHje (93). Ha ,n;pyrOM MeCTY ra nHTHpa rOBopenHo ByrapHMa
(403). HaBo,n;H ,n;aje i\aaM6epT LKHBeo npe 500 ro,n;HHa.
Laonico Calcondila, dannato aut.
AaOBBK XaAKOKOB.ZUI.A., pOMejcKH HCTOpHqap H3 ATHHe (Kpaj XIV
BeKa-1464), CBe,n;OK na,n;a POMejcKor napCTBa H ayTop neH>eHHX Mc­
mopujCKux CJl.wca Y aecem lC1-buza 0 IIIHpeH>y TypcKe. Op6HHH je qH­
Tao XaAKOKOH,n;HAa y AaTHHCKOM npeBO,ny KOHpa,n;a KAay3epa, KOjH je
o6jaBIbeH HeKOAHKO nyTa y XVI BeKY H KOPHCTH ra 3HaTHO BHIIIe
Hero IIITO ra H3PHqHTO nHTHpa. YnoTpe6IbaBa ra y ,n;eAy KH>Hre r,n;e ce
6aBH CAOBeHHMa yonIIITe. HaBO,n;H ra Kao cBe,n;oKa 3a Be3e H3MeOY
Copa6a H TpH6aAa (Cp6a) y rOpH>oj Me3HjH (67), Ka,n; onHcyje HAHpe
H .ll.aAMaTe (173). HajBHIIIe ra ynoTpe6IbaBa y rAaBaMa 0 Cp6HjH H
BOCHH Ka,n; rOBopH 0 napy,lJ.yIIIaHY (267), MapHqKoj 6HnH (276,278),
Tonuja..Ma (288), KOCOBcKOj 6HnH (315), MapH BpaHKoBHfi (325),
1)ypoeBHM noce,n;HMa (327), HOBOM BP.llY (338), xepnery CTecpaHY
(382,383) H oCBajaH>Y ByrapcKe (472). nope,n; TOra je XaAKOKOH,n;HA
ynoTpe6IbeH y o6AHKY 06HMHHjHX H3Bo,n;a Ha MeCTY r,n;e ce roBOPH 0
O,n;HOCHMa 1)ypoa BpaHKoBHna H MypaTa II (330-331), XBaTaH>Y Xy­
H>a,n;Hja 1448 (335-336), Cp6HjH nOCAe i\a3apa BpaHKoBHna (341),
o,n;6HjaH>Y xapaqa o,n; cTpaHe CTecpaHa TOMarneBHna (371-372), na,ny
BOCHe (374-337).
Laurentio Suro
AaBpeBTBjyc CYPBYC (Laurentius Surius), HeMaqKH aCKeTCKH nH­
can H HCTopHqap, HaCTaBIbaq xpoHHKe HaYKAepa 3a ro,n;HHe 1500­
1564 H npHpeOHBaq je,n;Hor BeAHKor 360pHHKa LKHBOTa CBeTana
(1570-1575). UHTHpaH je MeOY nHCnHMa KOjH TBp,n;e ,n;a cy CAoBeHH
HajBena HanHja (7).
Leonardo Aretino
AeoBap.zto SpYBB HAH ApeTBBo (Leonardo Bruni, Leonardo Areti­
no), xyMaHHCTa H ,n;pLKaBHHK H3 TocKaHe (1370-1444), anOCTOACKH
68
ceKpeTap qeTBOpHne nana, KOjH ce cMaTpa HajBatKHHjHM HCTOPH­
qapeM XYMaHHCTHqKe paHe peHecaHce. nHcan n03HaTHX ,n;eAa Histo­
ria Fiorentina seu Historia del popolo Fiorentino H Rerum in Italia suo
tempore gestarum commentarius. npeMa HaBo,n;HMa KO,n; Op6HHHja ce
MOLKe 3aKIbyqHTH ,n;a je ynoTpe6IbaBao cnHC De bello italico adversus
Gothos gesto libri IV (487-556), jep ce o,n;Hoce Ha rOTe (116, 117).
Op6HHH HHje 6AaroHaKAOH npeMa ApeTHHY, KOMe npe6anyje ,n;a npe­
nyTKYje MHore cTBapH 0 6AHCTaBHM no,n;yxBaTHMa rOTa, a onHcyje
caMO H>HXOBY nponacT (119).
Libro delle Cognitioni
HHje YTBpoeHo 0 KOM ce cnHcy pa,n;H, a Ha H>era ce Op6HHH HHr,n;e He
n03HBa.
Libro delle parti di Pregadi di Rausa
3anHcHHnH Bena YMOJbeI-LUX HAH Reformationes HAH Acta Consilii
rogatorum, KaKO cy OBe KH>Hre y,lJ.y6POBHHKY 06eAeLKaBaHe.
Lodouico Ceruino
Ay.ztOBUK IlpBjeBBIi Ty6epoB (Ludovicus Aloysius de Cerva, de
Cerva, Cervarius, Tubero), ,n;o6pOBaqKH IIAeMHn, 6eHe,n;HKTaHcKH MO­
Hax H onaT MaHaCTHpa CB. JaKOB Y BHIIIH>HnH KO,n; ,ZJ.y6pOBHHKa.
BeAHKo H>eroBo ,n;eAO Commentariorum de rebus, quae temporibus
eius in illa Europae parte, quam Pannonii et Turcae eorumque finitimi
incolunt, gestae sunt libri XI, o6jaBIbeHo je TeK 1603. ro,n;HHe, nOCAe
Op6HHHjeBor cnHca. 06HMaH ,n;eo 0 TypnHMa 6HO je o6jaBIbeH Ben
1590, a no HaqHHY KaKO Op6HHH nHTHpa MOLKe ce 3aKIbyqHTH ,n;a je
Ben 6HO H3,n;BojeH y noce6HY neAHHY H BeAHKH eKcK"fpc 0 HCTOPHjH
,lJ.y6poBHHKa, KOjH je noce6Ho IIITaMnaH TeK 1790. Ha c. 32 Op6HHH
HaBo,n;H: come narra Lodouico Tuberone nell' Origine di Rausa. Op6H­
HH je KOMeI-Lmape Morao qHTaTH y PYKonHcy, aAH HX He KOPHCTH
MHOro. UHTHpa ra y Be3H ca ,n;oraoajHMa Ha raAHjH y BpeMe paTa C
KOTOPOM Ha c. 304, H 0 po,n;oHaqeAHHKY Kocaqa Ha c. 380, npH TBP­
oeH>y,n;a cy BecH BocaHnH (345) H ,n;a cy Uchri CAoBeHH (134). He
CnOMHH>e, a 06HAHO KOPHCTH Ty6epoHa y nOTnYHoM o6AHKY npHAH­
KOM onHca KocoBcKe 6HTKe (313-315,318) H 60paBKa ,n;ecnOTa 1)ypoa
y,lJ.y6pOBHHKY(328-329).
Lucano
MapKo EBej AYKaB (Aeneus Marcus Lucanus), HCTOpH'-lap pHMcKor
rpaoaHcKor paTa H3Meoy Ue3apa H nOMneja (39-65). Op6HHH ra nH­
THpa CnOMHH>ynH i\H6ypHe (159).
Lucio Faunno
AyrlBO 4taYBo (Lucio Fauno), HTaAHjaHcKH HCTopHqap, apxeoAor H
cpHAOAOr (1544-1588), AyTop KH>Hre 0 aHTHKBHTeTHMa PHMa H npe­
Bo,n;HAan <PAaBHja BjoH,n;a H nAaTHHe ca AaTHHCKor Ha HTaAHjaHcKH.
Op6HHH ra nHTHpa ce nHTHpa Ka,n; je peq 0 yqeIIIny CAoBeHa y
onca,n;H na,n;oBe (33), 0 oCBajaH>Y HCTpe (34) H 0 nopeKAy rOTa (97).
Luigi Contarino
AyBl)U KOBTapBBo (Luigi Contarino), MAeTaqKH HCTOpHqap XVI
BeKa, npoyqaBao cTapH PHM. HHje YTBpoeHo IIITa je o,n; H>era Op­
6HHH HCKOpHCTHO.
69
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!
!
Lupoldo Bambergio
AyuoA.A cIloH Be6eH6ypr (LupoId von Bebenburg), HeMa'IKH rrpaB­
HHK, 6HCKYrr BaM6epra (1297-1364). Ayrop .n:eAa De Veterum Prin­
cipum Germanorum Zelo Et Fervore In Christiana. Op6HHH ra U:HTHpa
Ka.n: rOBopH 0 KplllTelbY Byrapa (120).
Luitprando Ticiniense
AYHTupaH.A H3 KpeMoHe (Luitprando Ticiniense), Ha3HBa ce y
TeKCTY JOIIl H Luitprando Pauese ( 133). J\aHro6ap.n:cKH rrAeMHh,
HCTOpH'Iap H 6HCKYrr KpeMoHe (920-972). AyTOp .n:eAa Antapodoseos
seu Rerum per Europam gestarum libri VI.
Marcelino Conte
MaplleABH KOMec, pOMejcKH HCTOpH'Iap VI BeKa, HaCTaBlba'I Ey­
ce6Hja H JepoHHMa, rrHcau: je.n:He xpoHHKe .n:o rrpBHx ro.n:HHa BAa.n:a­
BHHe JYCTHHHjaHoBe. Op6HHH ra y TeKCTY He crrOMHlbe. Marcelino y
TeKCTY je AMHjaH Mapu:eAHH, Kojera HeMa y crrHcKY.
Mariano Scoto
MapHjaH CKOT (Marianus Scotus), MOHax H3 MajHu:a HpcKor rro­
peKAa (1028-1082), ayrop je.n:He xpoHHKe .n:o 1082, rrpo.n:y)KaBaHe.n:o
1155. ro.n:HHe. Op6HHH ra U:HTHpa Ha MeCTY r.n:e ce rOBopH 0 paTy
CAoBeHa H u:apa OToHa (73) H Ha MeCTY r.n:e rrpeHocH TBplJelbe .n:a je
MojcHje polJeH 2606. o.n: cTBapalba CBeTa (180).
Marino Barletio
MapHH BapAeTH (Marino Barletio), XYMaHHCTa, HCTOpH'Iap H KaTO­
AH'IKH CBeIIlTeHHK H3 CKa.n:pa (1450-1512), 6HorpacP CKe H.n:ep6era.
Op6HHH ra U:HTHpa KaKO rrpeHocH MHIIllbelbe naoAa AHlJeAa, Ha.n:6Hc­
KYrra .n:pa'IKOr, 0 IIlHpoKorpy.n:ocTH ,lly6pOB'IaHa KO.n: rrpY2Kalba a3HAa
(194), Ka.n: roBOPH 0 MaHaCTHpHMa Koje je rro.n:HrAa KpalbHu:a JeAeHa
AH)KJjcKa (251) H TpehH rryT Ka.n:a TBp.n:H .n:a je KapAo TorrHja polJeH
y BeHeBeHTY. nope.n: Tora Op6HH yrroTpe6lbaBa lberOB crrHC 0 orrca.n:H
CKa.n:pa He rroMHlbyhH ayTopa H .n:eAO. O.n: BapAeTHja rrOTH'Ie O;::I:AO­
MaK 0 rrom6HjH BaAIIle II (292).
Marino Benchemio .<
MapHH BHeMHje (Marino Benchemio), .n:pym CKeH.n:ep6eroB 6HO­
rpacP. HHje YTBplJeHo KaKO ra je Op6HHH KOpHCTHO.
F. Martino
MapTHH H3 «I»yA.Ae (Martinus Fuldensis), cPpaHU:HcKaHcKH MOHax
H3 <PyMe, ayTop xpoHHKe 0 rrarraMa H u:apeBHMa.n:o 1379. ro.ll:HHe.
Op6HHH ra U:HTHpa Ka.n: rOBopH 0 fOTHMa (97).
Martino Abbate
HHje jacHo 0 KOM ce ayropy pa.n:H.
Martino Cromero
MapTHH (MapIlHH) KpoMep (Martino Cromero) rr03HaTH rrOlbCKH HC­
TOpH'Iap (1512-1589), .n:BOPCKH ceKpeTap Kpalba )KHrMYH.n:a, ayTop
.n:0 6 po rr03HaTe rrOlbCKe HCTopHje. Op6HHH ra U:HTHpa Kao rrHcu:a 0
qecHMa H nOlbaU:HMa (49), y rrperAe.n:y CAOBeHCKHX 60)KaHCTaBa je
crroMeHYTo caMO KaKO OH rrpeBo.n:H noro.n:y (53), HaBe.n:eHO je KaKO
KpoMep MHCAH .n:a HMe CAoBeHa .n:OAa3H o.n: CAOBO (95), y3 rrOKYIIlaje
,lly6paBHja H .n:pyrHx. Ha c. 45 HaBe.n:eH je orreT 3aje.n:Ho C JaHoM
70
,lly6paBHjeM H PerHHoM o.n: npHMa KO.n: rro.n:aTKa .n:a cy CAoBeHH
paTOBaAH C ne'IeHe3HMa.
Martino Vescouo Cossentino
MapTHH OuaBcKH, nOlloaK (Martinus Polonus de Tropau, Frater
Martinus Ordinis Praedicatorum), rrOlbCKH MOHax, XpOHH'Iap H 6HC­
KYrr. Ayrop Chronicon pontificum et imperatorum. Op6HHH ra U:HTHpa
y3 rro.n:aTaK .n:a je MyqeHHK faj 6HO Dalmatino, Tj. CAoBeH (176).
Martino Segonio
HHje jacHo 0 KOM ce ayTopy pa.n:H.
Martino Vagneto
HHje jacHo 0 KOM ce ayTopy pa.n:H.
Marziano Capella
MapllHjaH KaueAa (Marziano Capella), PHMCKH rrHcau: (360-428),
ayTop je.n:He eHU:HKAOrre.n:Hje.
Matthia Meccouita
MaTHja MjexoBHTa (Mathia Meccouita), KpaKoBcKH KaHOHHK (1457­
1523), rrHcau: .n:eAa: Chronica Polonorum a Lecho usque ad a. 1506
(1521); De vetustatibus Polonorum libri III (1521); Tractatus de
duabus Sarmatiis, asiana et europiana, et de contentis in eis (1517).
MjexoBHTa ce HaBo.n:H Kao rrHcau: 0 qecHMa H nOlbaU:HMa (49), 3aTHM
Ha MecT)' r.n:e ce roBOPH 0 TaTapHMa H rrOlbCKOM KpalbY (52), r.n:e ce
TBp.n:H .n:a cy AAaHH, BaH.n:aAH H CBeBH CAoBeHH (102), Ka.n: je pe'I 0
HMeHY BHcAe (120), BaH.n:aAHMa (126), BypryH.n:HMa (127), AAaHHMa
(133), 3a rro.n:aTKe .n:a je CTecPaH TOMaIIleBHh y6HjeH CTpeAaMa (376),
O.n: lbera Op6HHH HaBo.n:H pecPpeH cTapHX rrecaMa: lada, lada, ileli,
ileli, poleli, poleli (53).
Mazochio
'ljoBaHH Ma30xHo (Giovanni Mazochio) H3.n:aBa'I H IIlTaMrrap H3
BOAolbe 1492. ro.n:HHe. Op6HH ra HaBo.n:H Ka.n: rrHIIle .n:a je CaAOHa
6HAa KOAoHHja Martia Giulia secondo che si trova in un antico Epi­
gramme appresso Mazochio al foglio 28.
Metello Tigurino
MeTeAHjyc cIloH TerepH3e (Metellus von Tegernsee), 6aBapcKH MO­
Hax H3 MaHacTHpa TerepH3e H3 XII BeKa, rrHcau: )KHTHja CB. KBHPH­
Ha, MyqeHHKa H3 CHcKa.
Metodio Historico
MeTO.A, MeTO.AHj OAHMUHjCKH (Methodius), errHCKorr rraTapcKH,
cBeIIlTeHoMyqeHHK (260-312), y Op6HHHjeBoM TeKcTY Ha3BaH H Me­
todio Martire (7). Op6HHH ra HaBo.n:H Ka.n: je pe'I 0 CKaH.n:HHaBHjH
Kao KOAeBU:H Hapo.n:a (7,398) H 0 fOTHMa (107,108,112).
Michel Riccio
MHKeAe PHq:O (Michael Ritius), HarrOAHTaHau: cPpaHu:ycKor rropeKAa
(1455-1515), rrpaBHHK H HCTOpH'Iap. AyTOp 'IHTaBOr HH3a HCTopHja
.n:p)KaBa H .n:HHaCTHja (De regibus Franciae a Marcomiro ad Ludo­
vicum XII libri III, De regibus Hispaniae libri III, De regibus Hierosoly­
mitanis libri I, De regibus Neapoli et Siciliae libri III, De regibus
Ungariae libri II). Op6HHH ra HaBo.n:H c. 119 Kao H3BOP HHcP0PMaU:H­
je 0 TOMe .n:a fOTH CBe .n:o HajHoBHjer BpeMeHa BAa.n:ajy illrraHHjoM.
71
Michel Salonitano
MsxajAo MRXa COABlIoaSSS, ayTop qHje ,n:eAO je H3ry6lheHo. OCHM
Op6HHHja, IJ.HTHpa ra Hy AYKapeBHn. Op6HHH HaBo,n:H ,n:Ba H>erOBa
crIMca: Trattato dell' Rlirico H Trattato della Dalmatia. UHTHpa ra Ka,n:
roBOPH 0 HepeTBlhaHHMa (28-29,182), rrOqeIJ.HMa )ly6pOBHHKB. (180­
182), rrOqeIJ.HMa KOTopa (298), O,n:HOCHMa )ly6poBHHKa H BeHeIJ.Hje
(186) 198), 0 CAOBeHCKOM je3HKY (174), ,n:oAacKY CAoBeHa y Me3Hjy
(89),0 I1AHpHMa H AAeKcaH,n:py BeAHKoM (169).
Modesto
4»AaBSO MOoZlecTO (Flavio Modesto), PHMCKH KOH3YA H3 IV BeKa.
Op6HHH ra rrOMHlhe Ha c. 146 r,n:e ce rOBopH 0 TpaqaHHMa.
Nazario Mamertino
HHje yTBpl)eHo 0 KOMe ce ayTopy pa,n:H. Op6HH ra IJ.HTHpa y3 rro­
,n:aTaK,n:a cy 1.JecH YBeK 6HAH ,n:06PH CTpeAIJ.H (50).
Niceforo Gregora
Hslls4,)op rpsropa, pOMejcKH HCTOpHqap (1295 - rrOCAe 1359), KOjH
je Op6HHHjy 6HO rrpHcTyrraqaH y AaTHHCKOM H HTaAHjaHcKoM rrpe­
BO,n:y (rrpBHx 11 KH>Hra). KOPHCTH ra rrpHqajynH 0 y,n:ajH CHMoHH,n:e
3a MHAyTHHa (255), 0 O,n:HOCHMa MHAyrHHa H lheroBe TallTe (256­
257), 0 -rypCKHM HajaMHHIJ.HMa y MHAyTHHOBOj CAYJK6H (261), 0
rpa,n:y JYCTHHHjaHa TIpHMa (176), Kao H 06HAHO, aAH He CrrOMHH>ynH,
y rAaBH 0 EyrapHMa (458,460,461,464,467-470).
Nicete Coniato
HSKBTa XossjaT, pOMejcKH HCTOpH'iap (,n:pyra rrOAOBHHa XII - rro­
qeraK XIII BeKa) paHHje rrOrpellHO Ha3HBaH H HHKHTa AKoMHHaT.
Op6HHHjy je 6HO rrpHcryrraqaH y AaTHHCKOM rrpeBo,n:y (J. BOAcpa) H y
HTaAHjaHcKoM rrpeBo,n:y, aAH ce BepoBaTHo CAYJKHO BOACPOBHM rrpe­
BO,n:OM. 06HAHO KOpHllneH y HCTOPHjH Eyrapa - TeKCT o,n: TIeTpa H
AceHa, rra CBe ,n:OK He rrOqHe ,n:a HaBo,n:H H rpHropy (444-460).
Op6HHH ra H3PHqHTO CrrOMHH>e caMO HeKOAHKO rryTa (444,446,448,
459). Y cprrcKoj HCTOpHjH je HaBe,n:eH CaMO KO,n: rro,n:aTKa ,n:a je HeMa­
lha orrce,n:ao KOTOP (299). .,
G. Nicolo Doglioni
1joBass HSKOAO .llOlltOSS (Giovanni Nicolo Doglioni), MAeTaqKH
HCTOpH'iap (1548-1629). Op6HHH ra IJ.HTHpa Ha c. 105 y Be3H ca
rOTHMa H ,n:y:l'K.ll.eBHMa IX BeKa (28).
Nicolo Marscalco
HSKOAaYC MapecKRAYc (Nicolaus Marescalus), THpHH:>KaHHH (yMpO
1525, ro,n:HHe), ayTop ,n:eAa Annales Herulorum et Vandalorum, Koje
HHje 6HAO llTaMrraHO CBe ,n:o XVIII BeKa. Op6HHH ce He rr03HBa Ha
H>era y TeKcry.
Nicolo Stobeo
CTooej (OKO 400), caCTaBlhaq 36HpKe cpparMeHaTa H3 crrHca aHTHq­
KHX cpHA030cpa. Op6HHH ra rrOMHlhe KO,n: TBp,n:H>e ,n:a cy ce )lap,n:aHIJ.H
rrpaAH TpH rryTa y :>KHBOTY (165).
Olao Magno
OAa4,) Moscos, 3BaHH Marsyc (Olaus Magnus), llBe,n:CKH HCTOPH­
qap, KapTorpacp, reorpacp H ,n:HIIAOMaTa (1490-1557), Ha,n:6HcKYrr Yrr­
72
CaAe. AyTOp Historio de gentibus septentrionalibus (1555) ca KapTa­
Ma CKaH,n:HHaBHje H cyce,n:HHX o6AaCTH. Ory,n:a Op6HHH IJ.HTHpa H>e­
roBY Kapry Koja HAyCTpyje rrpOCTHpalhe CAOBeHa (c. 3). HaBo,n:H ra
jOll crroMHlhynH :>KeHY Koja je OCHOBaAa rycapCTBo (144).
Onesimo
TST 4»AaBsje Ose3SM (Titus Flavius Onesimus), pOMejcKH HCTOPH­
qap Kora je qHTaO cPAaBHje BorrHcK H KOjH ,n:oKa3yje ,n:a cy po,n:HTelhH
IJ.apa KAay,n:Hja 6HAH I1AHPH (175).
Origine de'Gothi
BH,n:H JopoZlasec
Ottone Frigigense
OTOS 4»pslKasBs, 6Horpacp IJ.apa cPpH,n:pHXa I Eap6apoce OTO,
6HCKYII cppaj3HHllKH (yMpo 1158. ro,n:HHe). AyTop Gesta Friderici I
Imperatoris H Chronicon seu rerum ab initio mundi ad sua usque
tempora 1146 libri VIII. Op6HHH ra HaBo,n:H roBopenH 0 AAeKCaH,n:py
BeAHKoM (106), paTY rOTa H cPpaHaKa (114), rra,n:y PHMcKor UapCTBa
(115), JYCTHHHjaHoBHM paToBHMa y I1TaAHjH (116,117) H 0 rerrH,n:­
CKOM rropeKAy ABapa (129).
P. Ouidio Nasone
DyoABje OBBoZlBje Ha30B (Publius Ovidius Naso) , rimski pesnik (43.
pre Hrista 17. posle Hrista). Op6HHH ra IJ.HTHpa 3a HAycTpaIJ.Hjy
paTo6opHOCTH CapMaTa (8-9) H 3a 06aBellTelhe 0 reTHMa (107-108).
Ha OBH,n:Hja ce Op6HH rr03HBao TBp,n:enH ,n:a cy EecH :>KHBeAH 6AH3Y
)lyHaBa (345).
Paolo Barnefrido, Paolo Diacono
DaBAe 1)aKOS (Paulus Warnefried), HCTOpHqap AaHro6ap,n:a (740­
790), rrpocpecop rpqKOr, Haj60lhH HCTOpHqap paHor Cpe,n:H>er BeKa.
Op6HHH ra MHoro rryTa IJ.HTHpa 3a BpAO pa3AHqHTe TeMe. Kao TIaBAa
EapHecppH,n:a HaBo,n:H ra 4 rryTa H TO, rro CBOj rrpHAHIJ.H, H3 ,n:pyre
PYKe (97,98,117,135). Ka,n:a IJ.HTHpa TIaBAa oaKoHa, Op6HH MHOro
rryTa HaBo,n:H y CTBapH AHacTa3Hja EH6AHOTeKapa, rrpeBo,n:HOIJ.a
TeocpaHoBor. To ,n:OAa3H oTy,n:a llTO je Historia Romana TIaBAa
oaKoHa y HeKHM H3,n:aIhHMa rrpOllHpeHa TeKCTOM AHaCTa3Hja (B. rro,n:
Andulfo Sagaco). TIo TOMe H rro BeOMa OllHHpHHM H3Bo,n:HMa Ha rro­
qeTKY HCTopHje Eyrapa Cy,n:HM ,n:a je Op6HH qHTaO OBO ,n:eAO TIaBAa
OaKOHa. UHTHpa ra Ha CTp. 26,34,37, 59, 111, 126, 128, 129,
132,174,399,400,401,413.
Paolo Emilio
DaBAe EMBABje (Paulus Aemilius), rrapHcKH KB.HOHHK (YMPO 1529.
ro,n:HHe), ayTop ,n:eAa De rebus gestis Francorum libri X. Op6HHH ra
IJ.HTHpa Ka,n: roBOPH 0 KapAy)le6eAoM (50) H crrOMHlhe JJ:Ba rryTa y
rAaBH 0 EyrapHMa (399,412).
Paolo Niuemontano
HHje yTBpl)eHo 0 KOM ce ayropy pa,n:H.
Paolo Giouio
DaBAe JOBBj HOBOKOMBjCKB (Paulus Iovius Novocomensis), xyMa­
HHCTHqKH HCTOpHqap (1483-1552). Op6HHHjy je MorAa 6HTH KOpHC­
Ha lheroBa HCTopHja TypcKe (Commentarii delle cose de' Turchl), aAH
73
 je OH HHrl1.e He crroMHfbe. Kao l1.0Ka3 l1.a cy CAoBeHH HajBeha HaIJ,Hja
Op6HHH Meoy OCTaAHMa HaBOl1.H H Paolo Giouio nelle leggi di Mos­
couia (7).
Paolo Langio
AaBrayc naYA CBrBeyc (Langius Paulus Cygnaeus), yMpO 1536.
rOl1.HHe, rrHCaIJ, ceBepHOHeMaqKHX xpoHHKa Koje HHCY o6jaBIbeHe l1.0
Op6HHHjeBor BpeMeHa, ITa HHje yTBpoeHO KaKO raje HCKOpHCTHO.
Paolo Orosso
naBAe 0posBje (Paulus Orosius), raAHIJ,HjcKH TeOAor H HCTOpHqap
(385-420), ayTop l1.eAa Historiarum adversus paganos libri VH, BeOMa
rrorrYAapHor Y Cpel1.lbeM BeK}'. Op6HH ra y CBOMe rrpHrrOBel1.albY crro­
MHlbe BHIlle rryTa roBopehH 0 l1.peBHHM IlAeMeHHMa TpaqaHHMa (107,
146), rOTHMa (112, 114), BaHl1.aAHMa (126), BypryHl1.HMa (127),
qaHHMa (133), MapKoMaHHMa (139), CKOPl1.HCIJ,HMa (157), ,llapl1.aH­
IJ,HMa (165) H TpH6aAHMa (166).
Paolo Paruta
naoAo napyTa (Paolo Paruta), rrOAHTHqap H cAy:lK6eHH MAeTaqKH
HCTOpHqap BeHeIJ,Hje (1540-1598). FberOBa Istoria vineziana 1513­
1553 OCTaAa je Hel1.0BpIlleHa. Op6HHH IJ,HTHpa lberoBo l1.eAO Discorsi
roBopehH 0 TeIIIKOhaMa BeHeIJ,Hje y Ol1.HOCHMa ca ,llaAMaTHHIJ,HMa
(163-164).
Paolo Scaligero
naBAe CKaAHIi H3 3arpe6a, TeOAOIIIKH rrHCaIJ, KOjH ce HCToPHjOM
6aBHO l1.0Ka3yjyhH CTapo rropeKAo cBoje rropOl1.HIJ,e (1534-1575). Op­
6HHH raje KOPHCTHO y rAaBH 0 BocHH H XpBaTcKoj (346,394).
Petancio
4»eABKC neTaB'IBIi, ,lly6pOBqaHHH, KaHu.eAap, l1.HIlAOMaTa, MHHHja­
TypHCT H rrHCaIJ, (1455-1517). Op6HHH ra HaBOl1.H Ha MecTY rl1.e ce
6aBH rrOA02KajeM rOpH>e Me3Hje (165). ,llo Op6HHHjeBor BpeMeHa je
6HO IllTaMrraH CaMO I1eTaHqHheB crrHC De itineribus in Turciam li­
bellus (1522), ITa BepoBaTHo oTyl1.a rrOTHqe HaBel1.eHH rrOl1.aTaK.
Pier Francesco Giambulari . <,
njeP4>paB'IecKo 1)aMOy.a.aPB (Pier Francesco Giambulari), HTaAH­
jaHcKH rrHCaIJ, (1495-1564), qHja ce Istoria dell' Europa MHOro qHTa­
Aa. Op6HHH ra je HerrOCpel1.HO KOPHCTHO H rrpeKo lbera, H3rAel1.a, qaK,
yrro3Hao HeKe l1.pyre CAOBeHCKe ayTOpe. Ha lbera PMO rr03HBao y
BHIlle cAyqajeBa (c. 29, 30, 44, 49, 73, 74, 86, 89,91, 98, 102, 104,
136, 140).
Pietro Artopeo, dannato autore
neTep BeKep, ApToIleyc (Peter Beker, Petrus Artopeus Pomerano),
rroMepaHcKH ayTop (1491-1563). OH je 3a Ce6aCTHjaHa MHHCTepa
H3PMHO KapTe I1oMepaHHje. Op6HHH ra IJ,HTHpa TBpl1.ehH l1.a cy
BaHJ1.aAH CAoBeHH (99), roBopehH 0 BeHel1.HMa (59) H Ol1.HOCHMa
XeHpHxa AaBa ca CAOBeHHMa (85).
Pietro Bellonio
njep BeAoB (Pietro Belonio), cppaHuycKH HayqHHK H rryTorrHcau. XVI
BeKa. Op6HHH ra HaBOl1.H Ha rrOqeTK}' rAaBe 0 BocHH rl1.e ce o6aIll­
fbaBa HMe peKe HeCTOc (344).
74
Pietro Bizaro
njeTpo BBsapB (Pietro Bizzari), HTaAHjaHcKH HCTOPH'IaP (1530­
1580) je YIllao y Op6HHOBO l1.eAO jep Y l1.PyToj KH>H3H roBOPH 0 crra­
CaBalbY MAeTaqKe raAHje Y l1.Y6pOBaqKoj AyIJ,H 1570. rol1.HHe (195).
Pietro de Castro Pera
Herr03HaTH ayTop KOjH ce He CrrOMHH>e y Op6HHHjeBoM TeKCTY·
Pietro Crusber
neTap Kpy30ep (Pietro Crusber), Herr03HaTH ayTop Kora Op6HHH
Ha3HBa XOAaHOaHHHOM (Olandese) (6), a HaCAOB lberoBor l1.eAa Ha­
BOl1.H Kao 1. 2. 3. 5. H 6. libri de' Settentrionali. HHje YTBpoeHo HH­
IllTa 6AlOKe 0 KOMe ce ayTopy PMH, a Op6HHH ra HaBOl1.H CKOPO YBeK
Y Be3H ca CAOBeHHMa (c. 6, 57, 70,73,75,79, 102, 104, 105, 130).
Pietro Echilino
neTpYc .zr.e HaTaAH0Yc (Petrus de Natalibus), aYTOp KaTaAOra CBe­
TaIJ,a H3 XVI BeKa. Op6HHH ra HaBOJl.H H Kao Pietro Vescouo Echilino
H HaBOl1.H ra Kao aYTopHTeT 3a HCToPHjy PHMCKHX IJ,apeBa (174).
CrrOMHH>e ra H KM crrOMHlbe MyqeHHKe H3,llaAMaIJ,Hje (1 75, 178).
Pietro Giustiniano
njeTpo 1)ycTBBBjaBo (Pietro Giustiniano), HCTOpHqap BeHeIJ,Hje.
I1PBY KH>Hry H>erOBe Historie Venete Op6HHH IJ,HTHpa KM rOBopH 0
cTpMalbY KOTopa 1378. rOl1.HHe (299) H 6op6aMa HepeTBIbaHa (27).
Pietro Liuio
njeTpo ABBBO (Pietro Liuio, Pietro Liuio Veronese), MAeTaqKH ayTOp
ca Kpaja XVI BeKa. Op6HHH ra HaBOl1.H Kao H3BOP 06aBeIllTeH>a 0
rropeKAy jepecH 60CaHCKHX rraTapeHa (353).
P. Piteo
Iljep nBTY (Pierre Pithou, Pietro Piteo), cppaHuycKH rrpaBHHK H rrH­
can. (1539-1596). Op6HH, l1.ol1.YIlle, Ha CTp. 163 KaLKe secondo che
riferisce P. Piteo ne gli Annali Francesi, aAH TH AHaAH cy y CTBapH
36HpKa cTapHX TeKCTOBa: Annalium et historiae Francorum abo a.
Chr. 708-990 scriptores coetanei XII (Paris 1588). MeCTO Koje
Op6HHH ry HaBOl1.H rrOTHqe H3 AHaAa MaHaCTHpa <:PyAll.e.
Pio Secondo
EBeja CBABBje nBKOAOMBBB (Enea Silvio Piccolomini), KOjH je Kao
rrarra HOCHO HMe I1Hje II (1405-1464). Op6HHi rrOMHH>e H>erOBa l1.eAa:
Europa (De statu Europae HAH 3aDescriptio Asiae Europaeque), Bo­
emia (Historia Bohemica seu De Bohemorum origine ac gestis his­
toria), Commentario sopra Biondo (Decadum Flavii BIondi epitome
ab inclinato Romano imperio ad annum 1440).
PUnio
nABBBje CTapBjB (Gaius Plinius Secundus Maior), qYBeHH PHMCKH
rrHCaIJ, H rrpHpOl1.H>aK (23-79), aYTop l1.eAa Naturalis historia. Op6HHH
fa HaBOl1.H roBopehH 0 MeCTHMa y,llaAMaIJ,HjH (c. 31,107,122,134,
164,180,184,194,202,360), H 0 rrAeMeHHMa (c. 68,88,141,170,172).
Plutarco
&YTapx, cTapOrpqKH HCTOpH'Iap (46-127), HaBel1.eH Kao ayTopHTeT
3a HAHpe (173), Kao H KM ce roBOPH 0 ,llaqaHHMa (133), HAHpHMa
(154), ¢HAHrry MaKel1.0HCKOM (171) H KPaIby,llpoMaKeTy (107).
75
 ,......
Polibio
DOAH6Hje, BeiUiKll CTapOrp"lKll llCTOpll"lap (203-118. npe XpllCTa).
Op6llHll ra ~llTllpa caMO Ka,n: je pe"l 0 MAllpllMa (c. 144, 148, 1
154, 173).
Porfirio
Dy6AHje OUTaTHjaH Dopcj;)HpHje (Publius Optatianus Porphyrius),
npecpeKT PllMa ll3 IV BeKa, ayTop naHerllpllKa KOHCTaHTllHY BeAll­
KOM. HHje yTBpoeHO KaKO ra je Op6llHH llCKOpllCTllO.
Pomponio Leto
DOMuoHHje AeTO (Pomponius Laetus), XYMaHllCTa II nllca~,
n03HaT
no CBOjllM ll3,n.albllMa II KOMeHTapllMa ApllCToTeAoBllX ,n.eAa (1425­
1497). Op6llHll ra ~llTllpa CaMO Ka,n. roBOPll 0 PllMCKHM paToBllMa
npOTllB rOTa.
Priuilegi di Cataro
M3 UOBelloe Kpan.a TBpTKa sa KOTopaHe BH,n.ll ce, KalKe Op6llHll,
,n.a je XpBoje BYK"Jllh pooeH ll3 6paKa BYK~a XpBaTllHllha II .n.y6po­
Ba"lKe BAaCTeiUiHKe ll3 nopo,n.ll~e i\YKapeBHha (364). CnHcaK .llyIlla­
HOBllX BeAllKaIlla Ha c. 268 nOTll"le ll3 KOTOPCKllX nOBen:,a.
Procopio di Cesarea
DpoKouHje HS n;esapeje (Procopius Caesarensis), CllPlljCKll llCTO­
pH"lap (500-554), npaBHll caBeTHllK JYCTllHlljaHoBor BojcKoBooe Be­
All3apa, Kora Op6llHll nOMlllbe II Kao Procopio Greco (116). Op6llHll
ra nOMlllbe Kao: i1 quale innanzi 1070 anni scrisse la guerra, che
Giustiniano Imperadore hebbe co i Gothi (94). UHTHpa ra Ha c. 3,
16-18, 19-24,95,97, 102, 114, 116, 119, 126, 129, 142, 172, 180.
Prospero Aquitano
Dpocuepyc AKBHTaHYc (Prosperus Aquitanus) (yMPO 463. ro,n.llHe),
HaCTaHn:,a"l CB. JepoHllMa. HaBe,n.eH je caMO Kao ayTop 0 rOTllMa
( 113).
Rafaelo Volaterano
Pacj;)aeA BOAaTepaHO (Rafael0 Maffei, Volaterano), llTaAHjaHcKll llC­
TOpll"lap npBe nOAOBllHe XVI BeKa, ayTop ,n.eAa Commentariorum Vr­
banorum octo et triginta libri. ,UBa no,n.aTKa 0 BocHll (354,368) no­
Tll"lY, y CTBapll, o,n. nane ITllja II, Kojera je BOAaTepaH KOPHCTllO y
CBOMe cnllcy. HaBe,n.eH je JOIll y3 no,n.aTaK 0 PycllMa (88), ,Uap,n.aH­
~HMa (165) H 0 ~apy MHXallAY ITaAeOAory II ~pKBeHoj YHlljll (463).
Reginone Abbate
PerHHoH HS AATpHua (Regino Prumiensis, Regino von PrOm), He­
Ma"lKH 6eHe,n.HKTaH~ (yMPO 915. ro,n.llHe), 3a6eAe)KeH y TeKCTY II
Kao Reginone Pruniense (400) II abbate Pruniense (7). Op6HHH Ha c.
137 ynyhyje OHora KO 6ll )KeAeO BllIlle ,n.a 3Ha 0 HopMaHllMa: veda
l'Abbate Reginone, et il Pruniense, i quali essattissimamente scrissero
Ie cose de Normanni (137). Op6llH HaBo,n.ll lberOBO ,n.eAO Chroniche II
~HTHpa Ha c. 7,41,44,45,70,72, 132, 137,400.
Registro del Croniche
Hen03HaT TeKCT - xpoHllKa no,n.en:,eHa Ha ",n.o6a", jep Bll,n.HMO ,n.a ce 0
pary AAeKcaH,n.pa BeAHKor ca Tpll6aAllMa MorAO "lllTaTll nel Registro
76
delle Croniche aHa 5 eta del mondo (166). ,Upym nyT je oBaj ll3BOP
cnoMeHYT KO,n. nOKpIllTelba Byrapa (420).
Reinnero Reinecio, dannato aut.
PajHep PajHeK (Reiner Reineck), npoTeCTaHTcKll nllca~ II ll3,n.aBa"l
TeKCTOBa, 6eHe,n.llKTaHcKll OnaT y ITPllMY (1541-1595). UllTllPaH je
Ha MeCTy r,n.e ce pacnpaBn:,a 0 llMeHY CAoBeHa (96). Ha ,n.pyroM MeCTY
(325) je cnOMeHYT y je,n.HoM O,ll.AOMKY KOjH je Op6llH npey3eo o,n. i\e­
YHKAaBllja.
Ricardo Bartolino
PHxaPAo BapToAHHO (Ricardo Bartolino), llTaAHjaHcKll HCTOpll"lap,
TeOAor II XYMaHllcTa ll3 XVI BeKa, KOjH je OCTaBHO 3a C060M Behll
6poj cnllca, a Meoy lbllMa H CneB Austriados libri XII. Op6llHll ra ~ll­
Tllpa rOBopehll 0 HMeHY Slezi (cTaHoBHH~H IIIAecKe) (141).
Rinaldo Britanno
PHHaAA BpHTaHcKH (Rinaldo Britanno). ITo HaBo.n.y KO,n. Op6HHija
Hanllcao je XPOHllKY y KOjoj ce rOBopll II 0 Hana,n:llMa CAoBeHa Ha
EHrAeCKY (10).
Roberto Gagiuno
Po6ep rOreH (Robert Gaguin), cppaH~cKll nllca~ (1433-1501). ,UeAO
My je Compendium super origine et gestis Francorum a Pharamun­
do usque ad a. 1491, sive Rerum Gallicarum Annales. Op6llHll ra
HaBo,n.ll rOBoperm 0 llMeHY CAOBeHa (96) II 0 O,n.HOCllMa ¢lpaHaKa H
rOTa (114).
Roberto Valturio
Po6epTo BUTypHO (Roberto Valturio), ll3 PllMllHllja, ayTop cnllca
De re militari (1472), 36llpKe aHer,n.OTa 0 paTHoj BeIllTllHll H paTHllM
AYKaBCTBllMa. CnoMlllbe ce Ha Mecry r,n.e je pe"l 0 paTo6opHOCTll
Tpa"laHa (146).
Sassone Grammatico
CaKcoH rpaMaTHK (Saxo Grainmaticus), n03HaTll ,n.aHCKll XPOHll­
"lap (1140-1216), ayTop ,n.eAa Gesta Danorum seu Historiae Danicae
libri XVI. Y I:berOBOM cnllcy llMa ,n.OCTa no,n.aTaKa 3Ha"lajHHx 3a
llCTOPHjy CAOBeHa, Koje Op6llHll y CBOMe ll360py no,n.aTaKa HaBo,n.ll
~. 65,73,74,76,77, 13~.
Sebastian Munstero, dannaro aut.
Ce6acTHjaH MHHCTep (Sebastian Munster), HeMa"lKll KapTorpacp,
KocMorpacp II xe6pejHCTa (1488-1552), ayTop n03HaTe KOCMozpaqJUje
(1544). O,n. I:bera je Op6llHll npey3eo HeKe rp6oBe. Ha MllHcTepa ce
Op6llHll n03llBa TBp,n.ehll ,n.a je JycTllHlljaH 6110 ll3 ITpll3peHa (175) II
,n.a cy BaH,n.aAH CAoBeHll (99). M3 MHHcTepa je no,n.aTaK 0 paTy Kpa­
n:,a i\y,n.oBHKa I AIDKYjcKor ca TaTapllMa (355). HaBo,n.ll ra Ka,n:a npll­
"la 0 XepYAllMa, 060,n.pllTllMa llT,n.. (64,65). ITope,n. KOCMozpacjJuje,
Op6HHO ~llTllpa II MllHcTepoB cnHC Descrittion di Basilea (197) 1'0­
BopehH 0 Kap,n.HHaAY MBaHY CTOjKOBllhy.
Scipione Ammtrato
Cu.HuHoHe AMHTaTO (Scipione Ammitato), HTaAHjaHcKH llCTOpll"lap
(1531 1601), ayTop Istorie florentine. Op6llHi ra HaHO,n.ll y TeKCTY
roBopehll 0 UanHHH-ITcey,n.oIllllIllMaHY (287).
77
 r
Sernio
CepBBje, I'p'IKH HCTOpH'Iap, ayTop Hcmopuje Tpoje. HHje yrBpoeHo
KaKO ra Op6HHH HCKOpHCTHO.
Sidonia Apollinaro
CB.Q;OBBje, raj CB.Q;OBBje Mo.n;ecT AUOAIIBapBO (Gaius Sollius,
Modestus, Apollinaris Sidonius), raAO-pHMCKH neCHHK H ,l:{HnAOMaTa
(430-489). HHje YTBpoeHo KaKO ra je Op6HHH HCKOpHCTHO.
Sigiberto Gemblacese
CBrBoepT B3 lKeMoAoa (Sigebertus Gemblacensis), cppaHuycKH
MOHax, enHCKon KAepMoHa (1030-1112), ayTop ,l:{eAa Chronographia
381-1112, Koje je MHOro 'IHTaHO y Cpe,ll;FbeM BeKy, npo.ny:>KaBaHO H
IIITaMnaHO y XVI BeKy BHme nyTa. Op6HH ra U:HTHpa roBopenH 0
KOHpa,ll;Y II H CAoBeHHMa (74), HopMaHHMa (104) H BaH,ll;aAHMa
(120). 3aHHM1l>HB je HaBO,ll; Ha c. 38 npeMa KOMe je CHre6epT)' npH­
nHcaHa enH30,ll;a 0 I1Hry, Koja nOTH'Ie H3 cnHca Conversio Bagoari­
ornm et Carantanornm.
Sigismondo Herbersteino
CBrBcMya.n; XepoepmTajB (Sigismund Herberstein), ayCTpHjcKH
,ll;HIIAOMaTa H nHcau: (1486-1566) H3 'IHjHx je ,ll;eAa EBpona yn03HaAa
PyCHjy H pycKy HCTopHjy. Moscouia, KOjy Op6HHH U:HTHpa, je HTaAH­
jaHcKH npeBO,ll; Xep6epmTajHoBor AaTHHCKor cnHca Rernm mosco­
uitarnm commentari (Commentari della Moscouia et parimenti della
Russia). npeKO Xep6eplIITajHa je Op6HHH yn03Hao CTape pycKe Ae­
TonHce. no TOMe ce MO}Ke 3aKll>yqHTH ,ll;a je Xep6epIlITajHa MHOro
BHme KOPHCTHO Hero mTO ra je U:HTHpao. Op6HHH HaBO,ll;H Xep6ep­
mTajHa Kao aYTopHTeT 3a pYCKe CTBapH (90), cnOMHFbe KaKO OH yrro­
Tpe61l>aBa HMe CAoBeHH (96), npeY3HMa O,ll; Fbera THTyAy PyCKHX BAa­
,ll;apa (93), aHa OCTaAHM MeCTHMa npeY3HMa npeKO Fbera nO,ll;aTKe H3
PYCKHX AeTOnHCa (88, 89,90, 93).
Silberto Genebrardo
lKBAoep lKeBeopaB (Gilbert Genebrande), 6eHe,ll;HKTaHCKH 6HCKyn
EKC-eH-npOBaHCa (1537-1597), ayroep XpoHorpacpHje. Op6P1fm ra
U:HTHpa Kao nHcu:a KOjH ynoTpe61l>aBa HMe CAoBeHa (96).
Socrate Historico
COKpaT CKoAacTBK, pOMejcKH nHcau: u:pKBeHe HCTopHje (Historia
ecclesiastical, HaCTaB1l>a'IEY3e6Hja UecapejcKor (380-450). BHO je
npeBe,ll;eH Ha AaTHHCKH H mTaMnaH y npBoj nOAOBHHH XVI BeKa.
UHTHpa ce Ha MecT)' r,ll;e je pe'I 0 n06e,ll;H u:apa BaAeHCa Ha,ll; rOTHMa
(112).
Salina
raj JYAllje COAIIB (Caius Julius Solinus), PHMCKH reorpacp (III BeK).
Op6HHH ra U:HTHpa je KO,ll; npH'Ie 0 cAaFbY ,l:{eBHu:a H3 CKaH,l:{HHaBHje
AnoAoHY JleAcKoM (4) H Ha Mecry r,ll;e je pe'I 0 TpaKHjH (146) H 0
BecHMa (344).
Sozimeno
CaAMBBBje EpMBja C030MeB (Salminius Hermias Sozomen), na­
AeCTHHCKH u:pKBeHH HCTOpH'Iap (OKO 400 - OKO 450). fberoBa His­
toriae ecclesiasticae libri jaB1l>a ce ca CpO,ll;HHM cnHCHMa COKpaTa H
78
TeO,ll;OpeTa Kao Historia tripartita. UHTHpa ce Kao H COKpaT nOBO,ll;OM
paTOBa PHMcKor UapCTBa ca rOTHMa (113).
Speccio de Sassoni
CaKcoBcKO orAe.n;aAO (Sachsenspiegel), npaBHH 360PHHK KOjH je ca­
CTaBHO pHTep AjKe CPOH PenroB (Eike von Repgowe) 1224-1235.
npeBe,ll;eH Ha AaTHHCKH O,ll; CTpaHe KOHpa,ll;a, HOTapa y CaH,ll;OMHpy H
,ll;0 Op6HHHja je, BepOBaTHo, ,l:{omao nOCpe,l:{HO, npeKO n01l>CKHX ayTO­
pa. CaKCOH.CKO oz.neoano je HaBe,ll;eHO y HH3Y H3Bopa (120) Y KojHMa
ce MorAO 'IHTaTH ,ll;a cy BaH,ll;aAH paTOBaAH no,ll; AAeKCaH,ll;pOM BeAH­
KHM H noCAe FberOBe CMpTH ,ll;OmAH y 3eM1l>Y KOjy cy KacHHje 3arro­
ceAH CaRCOHU:H. Y 44. rAaBH CaKcoHcK02 oz.neoana ce KaJKe ,ll;a cy ce
npeU:H CaKcoHau:a 60PHAH y FberoBoj BOjCU:H npoTHB JlapHja.
c. Statio Poeta
nauBBBje ny6A11je CTaIlBje (Publius Papinius Statius), PHMCKH
enCKH neCHHK H3 Harry1l>a. CacTaBHo enOBe Te6aH,ll;a, EXHAeH,ll;a H
repMaHCKH paT. Op6HHH ra U:HTHpa, H TO 3a nO,ll;aTaK ,ll;a cy Jla'IaHH
y ,ll;06a u:apa BHTeAHja (68-69. r. H. e.) 6HAH Ha 06aAH JlyHaBa (135).
Stefano Bizantino
CTectJaB BB3aBTBBaIl, KOHCTaHTHHOn01l>CKH CPHA030CP HeOIIAaTOHHK
H3 VI BeKa. O,ll; Fbera je OCTao cnHC EmHuKa 3aCHOBaH Ha cTapHjHM
eKcu:epnTHMa. Op6HH ra je, no CBOj npHAHU:H, n03HaBao H3 ,ll;pyre
PYRe. nOMeHYO ra roBopenH 0 TYAH (3), Mecry Lysimachia (107) H
o CTaHOBHHU:HMa 3eM1l>e H3Meoy BaAKaHa H PO,ll;ona (169).
Strabane
CTpaOoB, aHTH'IKH reorpacp H3 I BeKa. Op6HH ra U:HTHpa MHOro
rryTa, a nOHeKa,ll; ,ll;OHOCH H Bene H3BO,l:{e: c. 8, 88, 106, 107, 133,
141, 146, 154, 156,383, 157, 159, 164-5 (npeKo OpTeAHja), 173,
175,344.
Suffrido Pietro Misnense, Suffrido Misnense
neTpB CyctJPB.n;B (Suffridus Petrus Leovardiensis Frisius) HeMa'IKH
HCTOpH'Iap H cpHAoAor (1527-1597). Op6HHH nOMHFbe HMeHa Suffrido
Pietro Misnense, Suffrido, Pietro Suffrido Leovardiense, a nOMHFbe ce
H FberOBO ,ll;eAO Origine de' Frisi (11). Y OBaRBOj CHTyaU:HjH BpAO je
TemKO O,ll;BOjHTH HaBO,ll;e KO,ll; Op6HHa KOjH ce O,ll;HOCe Ha je,l:{HOr HAli
,ll;pyror nHcu:a. neTpy CYCPPH,ll;Y npHna,l:{a U:HTaT 0 npoTepHBaFbY CAO­
BeHa H3 BpHTaHHje r,ll;e je H HaBe,l:{eH Kao Leovardiense (11). fbeMY
Tpe6a, no CBOj npHAHU:H, rrpHrrHcaTH H OHe HaBO,ll;e r,l:{e ce U:HTHpa
6poj KFbHre H r,l:{e yaeK cTOjH HMe Pietro (65, 98, 120, 121, 137).
Suida
Cy.n;a, pOMejcKa eHU:HKAOrre,ll;Hja (AeKcHKoH), npeMa HMeHY pOMejcKor
ayTopa Cpe,ll;HHe X BeKa. BHAa je ,ll;OCTHnHa Op6HHHjy, KOjH KO,ll; HC­
TopHje Byrapa ,ll;OHOCH y npeBo,ll;Y BenH OMOMaK (405) n03HBajynH ce
Ha dittione Bulgari, ,ll;aKAe 'IAaHaK "ByrapH", HHje u:eHHO OBO ,ll;eAO,
HaAa3enH ,l:{a rrHcau: npenYTKyje OHO IIITO 6H CMaFbHAO CAaBY rpKa
(117). nOMHH>e ra roBopenH 0 paToBHMa MapKa AHToHHja (139).
Soplimento di Euttropio
HacTaBlLa~ EyTpOuBja, naBAa 1)aKoHa H AaH,ll;YAcpa. HHje YTBPoe­
HO KaKO ra je Op6HHH HCKOpHCTHO.
79
 ~
Suetonio Tranquillo
raj CseTouuje TpaUKBH4. (Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus), PIiMCKIi
a,zJ.BOKaT Ii nlica~ 61i0rpaq:,lija PIiMCKIlX ~apeBa (OKO 70-160), KOjli
je nOTm~ao 1i3 BIiTeIllKor CTaAe:>Ka Ii 61i0 ceKpeTap ~apa Xa,Il.plijaHa,
360r qera cy My 6liAa )].OCTynHa BaJRHa )].p:>KaBHa )].OK)'MeHTa. TIlica­
fbeM 61i0rpaq:mja je noqeo )].a ce 6aBIi no npeCTaHKY o6aBlbafba OBe
q:,YHK~lije. IheroBa Haj3HaqajHlija caqyaaHa )].eAa cy 61i0rpaq:,lije
j(8mmecm PUMCKUX yapeaa Ii Bliorpaq:,lije 3HaMeHUmUX pemopa u
2paMamUttapa. Op6liHIi ra ~IiTlipa KO)]. I1A1ipa (1 72) Ii KOPIiCTIiO je
no)].aTKe Ii3 6liorpaq:,lija OKTaBlijaHa (345) Ii Tli6eplija (138,139,
140,161).
Symmaco
KsUUT AypeAJIje CUMax (Quintus Aurelius Symmachus), PIiMCKIi
)].p:>KaBHIiK Ii rOBopHIiK (c. 345 - 402). Hlije YTBptieHo KaKO ra je Op­
6liHIi IiCKOpIiCTIiO.
Teoderico
TeO.zlOpeT KuPCKU, paHopoMejcKIi TeOAor Ii enOCKon 1i3 Klipa y
CIiPlijli (393 1i3Metiy 458. Ii 466. rO)].IiHe), nlica~ Tperi.e ~pKBeHe
IicToplije (Historia ecclesiastica 325-427), y TeKCTy Ha3liBaH Ii
Teodorico Vescouo. Op6liHIi ra ~IiTlipa Ha IiCTIiM MeCTIiMa r)].e Ii
COKpaTa Ii C030MeHa, Ka,Il. ce roBoPIi 0 ~apy BaAeHcy Ii rOTIiMa
(112, 113) Ii 0 rOTCKOM 6licKYny YAq:,1iA1i (112).
Teodoro Spandugino
Teo.zlop CDaH,llyWKU (Theodoros Spanduginos), no Maj~1i
0)]. KaH­
T~3eHa, pOMejcKIi ca6pao BeCTIi 0 Typ~IiMa Ii 6aAKaHCKliM XPIiIll­
naHcKliM BAa)].apIiMa. Op6liHIi ra ~IiTlipa Ha c. 325 )].a je Mapa
BpaHKoBHn KnH JepliHe KaHTaKY3IiHe. 0)]. Ibera nOTliqe Ii npliqa 0
TaMepAaHoBoM nOCTynalbY ca Baja3liToM Ii IberoBoM :>KeHOM (319), y
rAaBli 0 KOCaqaMa y O)].AOMKY 0 6eKcTBY CTeq:,aHoBe :>KeHe (383).
Teopompo ehio
TeoDoMD ca boca, rpqKli IiCTOpliqap 1i3 IV BeKa npe XplicTa, nli­
ca~ )].eAa 0 <PliAliny BeAIiKoM. Hlije jacHo KaKO ra Op6HHIi KOpIiCTIi.
Teodolo
TOMa MarucTep, pOMejcKIi nlica~ C Kpaja XIII Ii nOqeTKa XIV BeKa,
KOjH je Kao MOHax HOCIiO liMe Teo.n.yA. MOHaIllKo HMe ce qeCTO jaBlba
y PYKonliCIiMa Ii 1i3)].afbliMa fberoBlix cnlica. IheroBO )].eAO E1C.1lo2a je
Ca,Il.p:>KaAO pa3HOBpCHe CTape TeKCTOBe Ii 1i3peKe, HaMefbeHe )].a no­
MorRY KO)]. yqelba rpqKOr je3liKa. Op6liHIi ra nOMlilbe Ha MecTy r)].e
ce npliqa )].a je ~ap AypeAlijaH y61i0 3a je)].aH )].aH 48 HenplijaTelba
(176), aAli He Henocpe)].HO, Hero BepOBaTHO npeKO Ca6eAliKa.
Tito Liuio
TUT Ausuje (Titus Livius), BeAIiKIi aHTliqKli IiCTOpliqap (59. npe
XplicTa - 17), nlica~ pliMcKe IicToplije. Op6liHIi ra ~HTHpa BHIlle
nyTa Ka,Il.a je 6liAa peq 0 nAeMeHIiMa Ha BaAKaHCKOM nOAyoCTpBY, Ha
c. 107, 122,148,154,155,168,172,174,185,344.
Tolomeo Alessandrino
TOAoMej AAeKCaH.zlpujcKH, KAaY)].lije TIToAoMej (Klaudios Ptolemai­
os), n03HaTIi aHTH'lKli reorpaq:, II BeKa, ayTop qyBeHe reorpaq:,lije.
80
Op6liHIi ra ~IiTlipa Ka)].je peq 0 aHTH'lKliM rpa)].oBIiMa, AOKaAIiTeTIi­
Ma IiAIi nAeMeHIiMa - c. 3, 7, 1 88, 94, 107, 130, 133, 156.
Toma Ebendorfio
TOMa E6eH.zlop4» (Thomas Ebendorfer de Haselbach), ayCTpHjcKIi
TeOAor, YHliBep3liTeTCKIi npoq:,ecop H IiCTOpH'lap (1388-1464), nli­
ca~ Annali di Austria, Kora Op6liHIi y TeKCTy je)].HoM 30Be Haselbu­
chiD (327). KaKo je OBa xpOHIiKa)].o Op6liHOBOr BpeMeHa 6liAa y py­
KonIiCY, OH je OqlirAe)].HO ~IiTHpao 1i3 )].pyre PYKe, BepOBaTHO npeKO
AeYHKAaBlija, Hnp. 0 )].ecnOTOBIiM noce)].IiMa y YrapcKoj (327), a ~Ii­
Tlipa ra Ii 0 IiMeHY Cp6a (68) npeMa HeKOM HeMaqKOM nlic~.
Trebellio Pollione
Tpe6eAJIje DOAJIOu (pollion Treuelius), PIiMCKIi IiCTOpliqap KOjli
cna,ll.a y Scriptores historiae augustae. I1aKo ra )].OCTa nyTa HaBO)].Ii,
Op6liH ra je, 1i3rAe)].a, caMO nocpe)].Ho n03HaBao. UIiTlipa ra ro­
Bopenli 0 O)].HOCIiMa UapCTBa C BapBapcKIiM Hapo)].IiMa (c. 106, 109,
110, 133, 172, 174). Ii Kao CBe)].OK 3a CAOBeHCKO Tj. )].aAMaTCKO no­
peKAo ~apa KOHCTaHTIiHa BeAliKOr (175).
Trogo Pompeo
ruej DOMDej Tpor (Gnaeus Pompeius Trogus), pliMCKIi IiCTOpliqap I
BeKa. Hlije YTBptieHo KaKO ra je Op6liHIi IiCKOpIiCTIiO.
Tugenone Patauino
Tareuo Da,llosaucKu (Tageno Patavinus), IiCTOpliqap <Ppli)].plixa
Bap6apoce (yMpo 1190. rO)].IiHe). Op6liHIi ra ~HTlipa y3 JOIll )].Ba
nlic~a Ha MeCTy r)].e ce rOBopli 0 cacTaHKY <ppli)].pIlXa I Bap6apoce Ii
HeMafbe (249).
Valerio Massimo
BaAepuje MaKcuM (Valerius Maximus), PHMCKIi IiCTOpliqap I BeKa.
Hlije YTBptieHo KaKO ra je Op6liHIi IiCKOpIiCTIiO.
M. Varone
MapKo Tepeuu,uje Bapou (Marcus Terentius Varro), PHMCKIi IiCTO­
pliqap 1i3 I BeKa npe XpliCTa. Je)].IiHo MeCTO r)].e ra je Op6liHIi cno­
MeHYo Y3eTo je 0)]. TIAIiHlija (31).
F. Vegetio
PeuaT 4»Aasuje Bereu,uje (Flavius Vegetius Renatus), n03HaTIi
PHMCKIi nlica~ 1i3 V BeKa 0 BOjHOj BeIllTHHIi (Epitome rei militaris).
Op6liHIi ra ~IiTlipa Ka,Il. roBOPIi 0 Ali6ypHaMa (159) H HAlipCKIiM Ae­
mjaMa (171).
e. Velleio Pateruclo
MapKo BeAej DaTepKYA (Marcus Velleius Paterculus), PIiMCKIi IiC­
TOpH'lap (19. ro)].HHe npe XpliCTa - 31). Op6liHIi ra HaBO)].1i roBO­
penli 0 ,llaAMaTIiMa (KO)]. fbera cy YBeK ,llaAMaTIiHIi) (c. 141, 161,
162, 172).
Venceslauo Boemo
Bal1,A.8.s XajeK (Vadav Hajek z Libocan, Wenceslai Hagecii), qeIllKIi
CBeIllTeHIiK Ii IiCTOpHqap (yMpo 1553. rO)].IiHe), aYTop )].eAa Kronika
ceska {Annales Bohemorum}. XajeKoBo )].eAO je IlITaMnaHO Ha qellI­
KOM 1541. rO)].IiHe, Ha HeMaqKOM 1596. rO)].IiHe, aHa AaTHHCKOM TeK
y XVIII BeKY. Op6liHIi ra ~IiTlipa roBopenli 0 nOKpIllTaBalbY MopaB­
81
 "...,...
CKe (49), 0 naraHeTBY qexa (54), a HaBO)l.H ra yonwTe Kao rrHClJ,a
KOjH roBOPH 0 qecHMa (49).
Vettore Vticense
BUKTOP BUTeUCKB (Victor of Vita, Victor Vitensis), acpPwfKH 6HC­
KYII H HCTOpHqap H3 V BeKa, ayTop HCTopHje Historia persecutionis
Africanae Provinciae, temporibus Geiserici et Hunirici regum Wanda­
lorum. HHje yTBpljeHo KaKO ra je Op6HHH HCKOpHCTHO.
Vgo Fuluonio
Yro 4»yAaouuo, HeH)l.eHTHcpHKoBaHH rmcalJ" Kora Op6HHH nOMHIDe
nHClJ,HMa KOjH ynoTpe6lbaBajy HMe CAoBeHa (96).
Vitichindo Olandese, Vitichindo Vagriese
HeH)l.eHTHcpHKoBaHH nHClJ,H, Koje Op6HHH nOMHIDe, aAH HHje jacHo
)l.a AH cy H y KaKBoj Be3H ca BHJlYKHH)l.OM CaKCOHlJ,eM.
Vitichindo Sassone
BBJlYKUUJI CaKCouaD. (Widukind von Corvey), 6eHe)l.HKTaHCKH onaT
H3 KopBeja y BecT¢aAHjH (925-973). AyTop )l.eAa Widukindi monachi
Corbeiensis rerum gestarum Saxonicarum libri tres. Op6HHH ra Ha3H­
Ba H Vitichindo monaco (104), Kao H npH'IajyhH 0 MapKoMaHHMa y
06AacTH TpHpa (riferisce Vitichindo nella vita d'Henrico et Ottone)
(138), Kao H Ha c. 120 r)l.e je peq 0 BaH)l.aAHMa.
Vnefrido lnglese
Ca. Bouu~aD.uje, anOCTOA eBaHreAH3aTOp repMaHa, Ha,n;6HcKYn
MajHlJ,a H3 VIII BeKa, Kora Op6HHH onHcyje: Vunefrido Inglese che
poi fu chiamato Bonifatio e fatto Arciuescouo di Maguntia. Y crmcy
Epistola ad Edoaldo Principe d'Inghilterra (66) np~ao je KaKO ce
KO)l. CAoBeHa y)l.OBHlJ,e caMe 6alJ,ajy Ha AOMaq:y Ha KOjOj ce cnalbyje
My:H{eBlbeBO TeAO.
Vuolgfango Lazzio
BOA~raur AaD. (Wolfgang Laz, Wolfgang Lazzius), 6eqKH AeKap H
npocpecop YHHBep3HTeTa (1514-1565), KOjH je OCTaBHO HeKOAHKO
)l.eAa 0 aHTHqKoj HCTOpHjH H aHTHqKHM cnOMeHHlJ,HMa. Op6HHH BH­
me nyTa lJ,HTHpa IDerOB cnHC Transmigrationne delle genti, (pe gen­
tium aliquot migrationibus, sedibus flxis, reliquiis, linguarumque
initiis libri XII, 1537), KOjH je ynpaBo npy:H{ao nO)l.aTKe 3a Koje ce
Op6HHH HHTepecoBao. HaBO)l.H ra TaKolje Ka)l. o)l.peljyje nOAO}Kaj He­
Kor aHTHqKOr rpa,n;a, c. 33, 37, 42,44,99, 104, 115, 126, 137, 142,
158, 165, 167,327.
Vuolgfango Olandese
HeH)l.eHTHcpHKoBaHH nHCalJ" 3a Kora ce He 3Ha KaKO ra je Op6HHH
HCKOpHCTHO.
Zacaria Lilio
3ax.apuja ABABo (Zacharia Lilio), HTaAHjaHCKH ayTop XV BeKa . .lleAo
My je Orbis breviarium (1493). HaBe)l.eH je KO)l. Op6HHHja Ha MeCTy
r)l.e ce TBP)l.H )l.a ABapH, EaCTapHH, lleylJ,HHH H <PHHH npHna)l.ajy
CAoBeHHMa.
Zonara
Joaau 30uapa, pOMejcKH XpOHHqap H TeOAor H3 XII BeKa. EHO je
WTaMnaH H npeBe)l.eH Ha AaTHHCKH O)l. cTpaHe J epoHHMa BOAcpa
82
(1557) H rrpeWTaMnaBaH y pa3HHM 360pHHlJ,HMa pOMejcKHx nHCalJ,a.
lloCTojao je H HTaAHjaHcKH npeBO)l. (1560), aAH ce no TeKCTy BH)l.H )l.a
je Op6HH npeBO)l.HO C AaTHHCKor. Op6HH HajBHwe KOPHCTH 30Hapy y
HCTOPHjH Eyrapa, r)l.e H3 IDera npenHcyje qHTaBe CTpaHHlJ,e, aAH ra
rrOHer)l.e HaBO)l.H H y OHOM )l.eAY r)l.e ce 6aBH CBHM CAoBeHHMa (26,
89,91, 140, 175). 30Hapa 'IaK Ba>KH Kao ayTopHTeT 3a HAHpe (173).
Y rAaBH 0 EyrapHMa ce lJ,HTHpa )l.OCTa IlyTa, a npenHcyje jom BHme.
HaBe)l.eH je Ha CTp. 399, 407, 408, 409, 416, 425, 426, 433 H Ha
cTpaHH 454 CBaKaKO norpemHo jepje pe'I 0 )l.oraljajy C Kpaja XII
BeKa, KOjH HHje orrHCHBaH KO)l. 30Hape. YrroTpe6lbeH je a HHje
HaBe)l.eH Ha cTp. 400, 406,418,421,427,428,432,441-442.
Zosimo
30CUM, paHopoMejcKH HCTOpHqap H3 V BeKa, qHja je PHMCKa HCTO­
pHja 6HAa npeBe)l.eHa Ha AaTHHCKH O)l. JoxaHa AeYHKAaBHja H WTaM­
naHa 1581. H 1590. Op6HHH ra Ha3HBa H Zosimo autore greco (126).
H3 IDera je BehH lJ,HTaT 0 CTHAHXOHY (126) H )l.pyrH 0 .llaAMaTHMa
(172). HaBe)l.eHje H Kao aYTopHTeT 3a HAHpe.
AyrOPR Koje OpORBR IUITBpa, a.AR RX ReMa Y CRRCKY:
MaBpo Op6HHH KOPHCTH H HaBO)l.H y CBOMe )l.eAY H HeKe ayTope
Koje HHje HaBeo y cnHcKY KopHmheHHx H3Bopa, na H IDHX Tpe6a, Kao H
ayTope H3 AHCTe, OB)l.e HaBeCTH.
Alessandro Durante
AAecaBJIpo .llypauTe, HeH)l.eHTHcpHKoBaHH ayTOp, Kora Op6HHH
lJ,HTHpa Ha c. 52 360r Tora mTO je npaB)l.aO CBHpenH 'IHH rpocpHlJ,e
MaTH.A)l.e THMe WTO je 6HAa qeWKe KpBH.
Alessandro II papa
AAeKCaBJIap II (Anselmo da Bagio) , papa reformator (1061-1073),
koga Orbini pomiwe (247) 360r CBora 6peeea ynyheHor )l.y6pOBa'IKOM
Ha,n;6HCKYIIY BHTaAY·
Atti del concillio Constantiense
Acta concilii Constantiensis WTaMnaHa Beh 1500. TeKCT je lJ,HTHpaH
360r 06AHKa Sirfi 3a HMe Cp6a. Taj 06AHK ce HaAa3H y HeMaqKOM
TeKCTy xpoHHKe 0 ca60py y KOHCTaHlJ,H O)l. Y ApHXa PHxeHraAa.
Ammiano Marcelino
AMujau MapceABu, )l.06po n03HaTH KacHopHMCKH nHCalJ, (IV BeK).
O)l. IDeroBe HCTopHje OCTao je CaMO )l.eo KOjH onHcyje nepHO)l. 353. )l.0
378. rO)l.HHe. Op6HHH ra lJ,HTHpa Ha MeCTHMa r)l.e je peq 0 AAaHHMa,
HAHpHMa H MapKoMaHHMa (130,132,138,140,144,157). Kao H Ha c.
138 H 140 r)l.e je cnoMeHyT caMO Kao Marcellino.
Annali dei Bulgari
lloMeHYTH cy Ha c. 420 caCBHM HHJl.HpeKTHO, aAH Ha Ha'IHH KOjH no­
Ka3yje )l.a je Op6HHH BepoBao )l.a cy nOCTojaAH. rOBopehH 0 nOKpw­
TaBaIDY Eyrapa OH ce n03HBa Ha Ayrroi\Jl.a EeM6epwKor H Ka>Ke )l.a je
83
 ,.......
6AHlKH o.n; .n;pyrHx AHaAHMa Eyrapa (Annali de' Bulgari) H rp'IKHM
nHCIJ.HMa (Autori Greci).
Annali di Francia
PyKonHc KOjH je cMPlKaBao reHeaAOrHjy KapAa BeAHKor. 0 TOM OIIl­
TeneHOM Ko.n;eKCY Op6HH je 'IHTaO KO.n; BOAcpraHra i\aIJ.a (142).
s. Antonino
ABTOBBO cz,BpeBTBBcKB, njepoD.II (Antonius Firentinus, Antonio
Pierozzi), cpHpeHTHHcKH HM6HCKYn (yMPO 1459) KOjH je KaHOHH­
30BaH nO'IeTKOM XVI BeKa. Op6HHH ra HaBo.n;H y HH3Y nHCaIJ.a KOjH
roBope 0 PHMCKHM IJ.apeBHMa H nanaMa.
Cesare Campana
Qe3ape KaMnaHa caBpeMeHHK MaBpa Op6HHHja (1540-1606), ay­
TOp ,ll;Bejy HCTopHja CBeTa. Op6HHH ra IJ.HTHpa je.n;HOM 360r no.n;aTKa
o qHraAHHoj CPAOTH (157), a .n;pyrH nyT je HaBe.n;eH H HaCAOB Oratione
Ratisponense (107), H TO Y Be3H ca rOTHMa.
Claudiano Poeta
KAay.zr.Bje KAay.zr.BjaH, nHCaIJ. Ha npeAa3Y H3 IV Y V BeK. Op6HHH ra
IJ.HTHpa .n;Ba llyTa rOBopenH 0 rOTHMa (114,120).
Clusio
WapA .zr.eA' ECK.AY3 (Charles de l'Escluse), reorpacp H nyTHHK no 3a­
na.n;Hoj EBponH, 'IHje cy KapTe penpo)]yKoBaHe KO.n; OpTeAHja.
Op6HHH ra HaBo.n;H 360r je.n;Hor o6AHKa HMeHa KapTarHHe (122).
Corrado Myconio
Hen03HaTH ayTop je.n;He reorpacpHje. CnoMeHYT je nOBo.n;OM aHTH'I­
Kor EnH.n;aypa (180).
Corrado Suencseldio
Kopa.zr.o CBeBCeA.ll.HO, nHCaIJ. .n;eAa Koje Op6HHH IJ.HTHpa Kao Teatro
delle citta roBopenH 0 nO'IeIJ.HMa lllH6eHHKa (360).
Dacio Vescouo
,ll;aD.llje, Hen03HaTH 6HCKYn, 'IHje HMe Op6HHH Be3yje y3 je.n;HY
MHAaHCKY XpOHHKY XI BeKa H IJ.HTHpa ra Ha MecTY r.n;e ce roBOPH 0
JycTHHHjaHoBoM BOjCKOBOOH BeAH3apy (117). ' '.
David Hotomano
Heno3HaTH ayTop KOjH ce jaBlba H Ha cnHcKY i\YKapeBHna, reorpacp
IJ.HTHpaH 360r aHTH'IKOr EnH.n;aypa (180).
Deussipo Greco
ny6AHje XepeHHje ,ll;eKcBn, 'IHja .n;eAa cnoMHlhY aHTH'IKH H cpe.n;­
lhOBeKOBHH aYTopH. 11 Op6HHH ra je yno3Hao KO.n; .n;pyrHX. UHTHpa
ra Ha c. 109, 110 H 120.
Digestae
CnoMeHYTe Ha c. 176 ca jOIIl HeKHM .n;eAOBHMa JycTBBBjaBoBor KO­
.zr.eKca Kao epy.n;HTcKH YKpac. CBe je, H3rAe.n;a, Y3eTo o.n; Ca6eAHKa.
Docleate
AeTonBc nona ,ll;YKlltaBHBa (EapcKH PO.n;OCAOB) KOjH je Op6HHH
npeBeo H IIlTaMnao Ha c. 206-241 KpQ.lbeecmea Cnoee1-La. UHTHpa
ce Ha Mecry r.n;e je pe'I 0 nOKpIIlTaBalhY CAoBeHa (32), nocTaHKY ,lIy­
6poBHHKa (182), a nYTKe ra ynoTpe6lbaBa npH'IajynH 0 CaMYHAOBOM
CnalbHBalbY KOTopa (298).
84
Eusebio Caboga
Ey3e6Bje Ka6ol,lBh (Ka6ora), HaBe.n;eH Kao nHCaIJ. )]y6pOBa'IKHX
aHaAa (200).
Filippo da Bergamo
cz,BABn B3 BepraMa, Jakopo Foresta (Jacopo-Filipo Foresti). Op­
6HHH HaBo.n;H lheroB Supplemento (Supplementum cronicorum orbis
ab initio mundi usque ad a. 1482 libri XV) KOjH je MHoro nyTa
IIlTaMnaH H HaCTaBlbaH. CnoMeHYT je Ha MeCTHMa r.n;e ce roBOPH 0
EYPI}'H.n;HMa (127), 0 nanaMa H MyqeHHIJ.HMa H3 CAOBeHCKHX KpajeBa
(176,177), na MecTy r.n;e ce TBp.n;H .n;a cy MaKe.n;oHIJ.H CAoBeHH (170) H
KO.n; nO'IeTaKa ,lIy6poBHHKa (181).
Flavio Biondo
cz,AaBBO BjoB.AO (Flavio Biondo), .n;o6po n03HaTH HTaAHjaHcKH xyMa­
HHCTH'IKH HCTOpH'Iap H apxeOAor (1392-1463), 'IHje Decadi (Histori­
arum decades III ab inclinatione imperii Romani 400-1440) Op­
6HHH MHOro nyTa IJ.HTHpa 3a pa3AH'IHTe TeMe. UHTHpa ra OKO HCTO­
pHje l-Lmpa (172) H PHMCKHX IJ.apeBa (174), Ha c. 24, 25, 26, 32, 38,
89, 94, 97, 107, 108, 109, 110, 114, 115, 120, 126, 133, 172, 174,
299,420 H 473.
Francesco Petrarca
cz,paB~ecKo neTpapKa, 'IYBeHH neCHHK, cnoMeHyT 360r Compendio
in lingua italiana delle vite de pontefici e de gli imperadori (174), Be­
pOBaTHo cnHca De viris illustribus. HaBe.n;eH je KM ce roBOPH 0
nanaMa nOpeKAOM H3 ,QaAMaIJ.Hje (176).
Francesco Sansouino
cz,paB~ecKo CeBcoBBBO, H3.n;aBa'I TeKCTOBa H nHCaIJ. XVI BeKa.
ITo3HaT je lheroB 360PHHK TeKCTOBa 0 TypIJ.HMa. Op6HHH ra nOMHlhe
Y je.n;HoM OMOMKY npeY3eToM o.n; i\eYHKAaBHja 360r HMeHa KocoBa
nOlba (318).
Gilberto Lansbergio
JoxaB JyCT AaBc6epr (Johannes Justus Lanspergius), aYTop .n;eAa
o PHMCKHM KOAoHHjaMa. UHTHpaHje 360r EnH.n;aBpa (180).
Gioanni Boccacio
1)oBaBB BOKa~o, qyBeHH neCHHK, cnoMeHYT 360r CBOjHX Casi dei
homini illustri, O.n;HOCHO 360r .n;onyHa THX 6Horpaqmja o.n; <l>paH'IeCKa
Cep.n;oHaTHja Y KojHMa ce rOBopH H 0 HeKHM ,lIy6pOB'IaHHMa (187).
Gioanni Cuspiniano
JoxaB WneH3xaMep, 3BaHH KycnBBHjaH (Johannes Spiesshamer
Cuspinianus), 6e'IKH .n;BOPCKH HCTopHorpacp (1473-1529). UHTHpaH
je Ha MecTY r.n;e je pe'I 0 ,Qap.n;aHIJ.HMa (165). Y HCTOPHjH Eyrapa ce
.n;Ba nYTa IJ.HTHpa lherOBa 6HorpacpHja IJ.apa i\aBa (407,409).
Gioanni Dlugosso
JaB ,ll;Ayrom (Johannes Longinus, Dlugossius), nOlbCKH HCTOpH'Iap
XV BeKa H KpaKOBCKH KaHOHHK, XpOHH'Iap, BOjHHK H .n;HnAOMaTa.
AYTop .n;eAa Annals or Chronicles of the famous Kingdom of Poland.
Op6HHH ra HHje MHoro KOPHCTHO Y CBOM o.n;a6HPY no.n;aTaKa - cno­
MeHYO ra je CaMO 360r Tora IIlTO je Her.n;e nOTBp.n;HO .n;a ce .n;o lherOBor
BpeMeHa o.n;plKao je.n;aH cTapH CAOBeHCKH 06H'Iaj (53).
85
Giossefo
I
Persa
JOCRcI» ~A8.SRje, jeBpejcKH BojcKoBolja H HCTOpHqap (37-100),
ayrop HCTOPHjCKHX ,n:eAa BffiKHHX 3a aHTH'i:KO ,n:06a. Op6HHH
crrOMHffie ffierOBa ,n:eAa Antichita dell'Giudei (144) H Guerre de Judei
(132), CBaKaKO H3 ,n:pyre PYKe.
Giulio Baldasar
1)YABO BaA.llacap, secretario imperiale y UapHrpa,n:y. OH je OTKPHO
rroBeIbY AAeKcaH,n:pa BeAHKor 3a CAoBeHe (168), 0 qHjeM ca,n:p]Kajy H
3Haqajy 3a llaHCJtaeU3aM H BpeMeHcKH rrepHo,n: y KOMe je HaCTaAO
Op6HHHjeBo ,n:eAO je 6HAO BMIlIe peqH y rrpeTxo,n:HHM o,n:eIbu.HMa OBe
YBO,n:He cry,n:Hje.
Giulio Capitolino
JyABje KaDBTOABjCKR, rrHcau. KOjH crra,n:a y Scriptores historiae
Augustae. UHTHpa ce y Be3H ca rOTHMa (108), MapKOMaHHMa (140,
238,239), rropeKAy HeKHX u.apeBa (175) H CAOBeHHMa (174).
San Gregorio
DaDa rpryp I BeABKR (590--604), KaKO ce BH,n:H H3 u.HTaTa y KOMe
je crroMeHYTo rrHCMO a Giouio prefetto di Mauritio Imperadore nell'
Illirico (25).
Guidone da Ravena
rsHAOR B3 PaseBe, rrHcau. XIII BeKa KOjH je caqyBao aHOHHMHor
PaBeHcKor reorpacpa. UHTHpaH 360r JYCTHHHjaHoBHx paToBa (116).
Historie delli gentili
HacAoB crroMeHYT y HejacHoM rracycy Ha c. 75.
Luciano nel Dialogo
Ay:BRjaB B3 CaMocaTe H3 II BeKa, KOjH je roBOPHo 0 AAeKcaH,n:py
BeAHKOM (138).
Mapamondi modemi
reorpacpcKH aTAaCH Op6HHHjeBor ,n:06a. UHTHpaHH cy 360r HMeHa
Nova Zemglia (94).
Mela
DOMDoBBje MeA8., PHMCKH reorpacp H3 I BeKa. Y Op6mtHjeBoM
H360py rro,n:aTaKa H3 HCTOPHjCKHX H3Bopa, u.HTHpaH je y Be3H ca
TyAOM (3), ce060M CAoBeHa (8), capMaTcKHM ]KeHaMa (51) H ITap­
THHHMa (184).
Melantone
~HABD MeA8.RXTOB (Melanchton Philipp), qyseHH HeMaqKH xyMa­
HHCTa H u.pKBeHH pecpopMaTop (1497-1560), KOjH je u.HTHpaH 360r
CBOjHX KOMeHTapa y3 Tau.HTa. Ha c. 103 je HaBe,n:eH Kao ,n:OKa3 ,n:a ce
qHTaB HH3 ITAeMeHa y6paja y CAoBeHe, aHa C. 94 ,n:a cy ¢>HHH CAO­
BeHH.
Niceforo Calisto
HRliBcI»Op KaAaCT KcaRToDYA, pOMejcKH rrHcau. XIV BeKa. ITope,n:
u.pKBeHe rroe3Hje OCTaBHO je 3a C060M H je,n:HY OrrIlITY HCToPHjy
u.pKBe. BHo je H3,n:aT H rrpeBe,n:eH Ha AaTHHCKH H HTaAHjaHcKH y TOKY
XVI BeKa. Op6HHH ra u.HTHpa roBopehH 0 rOTHMa (1 72), liAHpHMa
(1 72) H Ha Mecry r,n:e TBp,n:H ,n:a je u.ap JyeTHHHjaH 6HO H3 OxpH,n:a H
,n:a je Taj rpa,n: JYCTHHHjaHa ITpHMa (1
86
Herro3HaTH aYTop, MO:>K,lla ce MHCAH Ha AYAa ITepcHja ¢>AaKa (YMPO
62. ro,n:HHe), rrHcu.a caTHpa. Op6HHH ra u.HTHpa y3 HMe J\errH,n:a KOH­
3yAa rrOBo,n:OM Harra,n:a BacTapHa Ha PHMCKY ,n:p]KaBY (133).
Pietro Marcelo
DjeTpo Map"lleAO, HTaAHjaHcKH HCTOpHqap KpajeM XV BeKa,
u.HTHpaH 360r ,n:eAa Origine de' barbari y Be3H C ITAeMeHOM CYAaHa
(94) H XepyAa (128).
Platina
BapToAoMeo ,a:e CaKR (Bartolommeo de' Sacchi) (YMPO 1481. ro­
,n:HHej, 6Horpacp pHMeKHx rrarra. Op6HH ra u.HTHpa: Platina in Siricio
(174), 0 rrarraMa (175,176,420,473), H Ka,n:je peq 0 PHMCKHM u.ape­
BHMa (174, 175) H rOTHMa (113).
Privilegi che anchora si trouano in casa de Bobali a Rausa (354)
IToBeIbe Koje je 6aH CTjerraH II KOTPOMaHHh H3,n:ao ,li,oMaffiH Bo­
6aIbeBHhy.
Privilegio ... alla famiglia de Giupranouicchi (362)
IToBeIba KpaIba ,li,a6HllIe H3 Koje crrHCaK 60caHcKHx BeAHKallia.
SestoRuffo
CeKCT Pycl» (Sexstus HAH Festus Rufus), PHMCKH rrocau. H3 cpe,n:HHe
IV BeKa, u.HTHpaH Ha MeCTHMa r,n:e ce roBOPH 0 MapKOMaHHMa
(138,140) H liAHpHMa (1 72).
Sofiano
HBKOA8.C Cocl»BjaBoc ca Kpcpa, rrHcau. rrpBe rrOAOBHHe XVI BeKa,
KOjH je H3pa,n:HO H KapTe rpqKe, u.HTHpaH 360r Tora IlITO MorAeH
Ha3HBa Bo,n:eH (245).
Teoclito Greco
Herro3HaTH rpqKH ayTop KOjH roBOPH 0 u.apy AypeAHjaHY (111).
Tolomeo Lago
TOAoMej AarBli (Aara.zr.ec), crroMeHyT Kao rrHcau. 0 reTHMa (107). To
je 6AHCKH ,n:p~HHap AAeKcaH,n:pa BeAHKor, BAa,n:ap rrHcau., OCHHBaq
,n:HHaCTHje J\arHha H3 ErHrrTa rrOCAe AAeKcaH,n:poBe CMpTH. IllYffieK H
IllHIlIaK y CBOM rrpHKa3y ra KapeaKTepHIlIY Kao "Herr03HaT", IlITO
YCAoBIbeHo ffiHXOBHM OCHOBHHM HCTOPHjCKHM rrorAe,n:OM, y KOMe He­
Ma MeCTa 3a rrpHcycTBO Cp6a H ,n:pyrHx CAoBeHa y aHTHu.H, cprrcKo
rropeKAo ,n:peBHHx MaKe,n:oHau.a HT,n:, HaKO TO CBe KO,n: Op6HHHja jac­
HO rrocTojH orrHcaHO, y3 MHOro u.HTHpaffia 6pOjHHX H3Bopa.
Tomaso di Spalato
TOMa ApxBl)aKoB (CDABTCKB), apxHoaKoH crrAHTCKH, ayTop crrAHT­
CKe HCTopHje Historia Salonitana. Op6HHH ra u.HTHpa roBopehH 0
TaTapHMa (52).
Vincenzo di Belloua
BeBcaB o,a: BeAoa (Vincentius Bellovacensis), eHu.HKAOrre,n:HCTa H3
XIII BeKa. HaBe,n:eH je Ha MeCTY r,n:e ce roBOPH 0 TaTapHMa (52).
Y ,n:aTOM rrpHKa3y HeMa MHOro yrrYIllTaffia Y rrOAeMHKY ca ,n:Ba rro­
MeHyra rrpHKa3a Op6HHHjeBHx H3Bopa, KOjH cy y OBOM rrpHKa3y MaKCH­
MaAHO YBruKeHH. AyTOpH Ta ,n:Ba rrpHKa3a cy Op6HHHja pa3MaTpaAH ca
87
 -.

rAe,n:HIIITa BruKene HCTopHjcKe IIIKOAe, y KOjOj je H>eroB MeTO,n: OKapaKTe­

pHCaH KaO "HeKpHTHqaH", aAH cy HCTOBpeMeHO MOPaAH H ,n:a ce cyOqe ca
qHH>eHHU:OM ,n:a je Op6HHH yrAaBHOM CaMO caKyrIHo qHH>eHHu:e 6pOjHHX
CBOjHX CaBpeMeHHKa H cTapHjHx HCTOpH'iapa H ,n:a cy CBH TH H3BOPH
Y3ajaMHo CarAaCHH. CTaBlhaH>e 03HaKe "HeKpHTHqaH" CBHM THM H3BOPH­
Ma, KOjH qHHe OCHOBY HCTopHje HajMonHHjHx eBpOnCKHX HapO,n:a, HHje
6RAO H3BO)l.lbHBO. 360r TOra je OHpKOBHn nOBpeMeHO ,n:03HpaO OBaKBe
,n:HCKBaAH<pHKaU:Hje, a IliYTheK H IliHIIIaK cy TO qHHHAH ,n:aAeKO YMepeHH­
je H MHHHMaAHO ,n:03HpaHO.
,UeTalhHHje ynYIIITaH>e Y KBaAHTeT Op6HHHjeBHx H3Bopa H HHTep­
npeTaU:Hja HCTopHje cpe,n:H>OBeKOBHHX ,n:p2KaBa Ha XeAMCKOM (BaAKaH­
CKOM) nOAYOCTpBY OB,n:e je CBeCHO H36erHYTO, jep Op6HHHjeBo "KpalheB­
CTBO CAOBeHa" HMa Heynope,n:HBO Beny Ba2K.HOCT 3a ,n:peBHy HCTOPHjy
Cp6a H ,n:pyrHX CAOBeHa, Hero IIITO je TO nepHO,n: pa3BHjeHor Cpe,n:H>er
BeKa, 3a qHje npoyqaBaH>e HMa MHOro KBaAHTeTHHjHx H3Bopa. A IIITa ce
THqe ,n:peBHe HCTopHje, HOBO carAe,n:aBaH>e qHH>eHHu:a nOKa3yje ,n:a je KPAlLEBCTBO CAOBEHA

MaBpo Op6HHH H3a ce6e OCTaBHO je,n:HO rpaH,n:H03HO ,n:eAO nOCBeneHO HC­
TOPHjH CBora Hapo,n:a, 3aCHOBaHO Ha BpAO o36HlhHoj MeTo,n:OAorHjH H Ha MABPA OPBHHHJA

orpOMHOM 6pojy qHTheHHu:a H3 BeAHKor 6poja HCTOPHjCKHX H3Bopa, qHjH

ayTopH y KOHTHHYHTery HMajy BeAHKH yrAe,n: KO,n: HCTOpHqapa.
I1CTOPHjCKH H3BOPH Koje je KOPHCTHO MaBpo Op6HHH KopHIIIne­
HH cy y H>erOBO BpeMe H KacHHje 3a yo6AHqaBaH>e cry,n:Hja HaU:HOHaAHHX
HCTopHja CBHX ,n:aHac MonHHX eBponCKHX Hapo,n:a H HaAa3e ce y OCHOBH
T3B. "KPHTHqKOr npHCTyna". 360r Tora H H>erOBO ,n:eAO Mopa HMaTH HCTH
CTaTyc y ou:eH>HBaH>Y ca ,n:aHaIIIH>e TaqKe rAe,n:HIIITa MeTo,n:OAorHje H3yqa­
BaH>a HCTopHje. lherOBO OMaAOBruKaBaH>e je 6RAO 3aCHOBaHO y BeAHKoj
MepH Ha cAa60j ,n:ocrynHoCTH CTapHX HCTOPHjCKHX H3Bopa H Ha npHBH,n:­
HOj cynepHopHOCTH KOHCTpYKU:Hja HCTOPHjCKHX IIIKOAa KOAOHHjaAHHX
,n:p2KaBa. Y HOBOM CBeTAY pa3Hopo,n:HHX nOBe3aHHx HCTpa2KHBaTha, CBe
ce jacHHje BH,n:H ,n:a je npOIIIAO BpeMe nOTHCKHBaH>a H CPaACHcpHKOBaH>a
,n:peBHe HCTopHje Cp6a, Pyca H ,n:pyrHx CAOBeHa, a y KopeKTHHjeM npH­
CTyny je Op6HHHjeBo ,n:eAO H3Y3eTHO BruKHO H TO He caMO Kao H3:f30p no­
,n:aTaKa (OHH cy ,n:ocTynHH H3 MHoro ,n:pyrHX H3Bopa H BHIIIe ce He MOry
CKpHBaTH), Ben MHOro BHIIIe Kao ,n:OKa3 KOHTHHy:HTeTa CBeCTH 0 HaU:HO­
HaAHoj HCTOPHjH KO,n: Cp6a.
OCHOBHH U:Hlh OBor H3,n:aH>a HHTerpaAHOr TeKCTa Op6HHHjeBor
qHHH YKa3HBaH>e Ha TheroB 3Haqaj 3a H3yqaBaH>e ,n:peBHe HCTopHje, OHe
HCTopHje Koja je npaKTHqHO H36pHcaHa npHAHKOM HaMeTaH>a HCTopHje
Cp6HMa H ,n:pyrHM ,n:aHaIIIH>HM CAOBeHCKHM Hapo,n:HMa o,n: CTpaHe HCTO­
PHjCKHX IIIKOAa eBponCKHX KOAOHHjaAHHX CRAa. BpanaTheM CBHX THX
qHTheHHu:a y 2KH2Ky: aHaAH3e OBaKBHM KOMnAeTHHM H3,n:aH>eM, y3 MHora
HOBHja OTKpHna pa3Hopo,n:HHX HaYKa nOCAe,n:ThHX ,n:eu:eHHja, ,n:06Hja ce
OCHOB 3a yo6AHqaBaH>e caCBHM ,n:pyraqHje CAHKe CTapor CBeTa H yoqa­
BaH>e MeCTa Cp6a y H>oj. 360r Tara je nOAeMHKa ca paHHjHM KOMeHTapH­
Ma ancoAyTHO 6ecnpe,n:MeTHa. MaBpo Op6HHH H TheroBo "KpalheBCTBO
CAOBeHa" y KopHroBaHoj CAHL(H CTapor CBeTa H ,n:peBHe HCTopHje Cp6a
,n:06Hjajy 3aKaCHeAO npH3HaH>e H TaKO oBaj yqeHH ,Uy6POBqaHHH 3ay3H­
Ma CBOjy 3aCAy2K.eHY yAOry y H3yqaBaH>Y HCTopHje CBora po,n:a.
88 89
 OBJAllIILEILA QHTAOUY

3a npHpeOHBafbe TeKCTa KOMnAeTHOr ,n;eAa "KpaLbeBCTBa CAO­

BeHa" MaBpa Op6HHHja Ha paCnOAarafbY CY 6HAil OpHrHHfu\HH TeKCT H3
1601. ro,n;HHe Ha HTfu\iljaHcKoM 125, cKpaheHH npeBO,n; Ha PYCKH rpocpa
CaBe Pary3HHcKor H3 1722. nOAOBU9:HH npeBo,n; Ha cpncKo­
xpBaTcKH H3 1968. r0,n;HHe I27 , xpBaTcKa Bep3Hja KOMilAeTHOr ,n;eAa H3
1999. r0MHe 128 H npeBo,n; KOMnAeTHor ,n;eAa Ha PYCKH H3 2010. r0,n;HHe
(,n;pyro PYCKO H3,n;afbe; npBo je Y rOTOBO HCTOM 06AilKY H3,n;aTO 2009.
ro,n;HHe)129.
HOBH xpBaTCKH npeBo,n; H3Y3eTHo BepaH 0pHrHHaAY He CaMO
no 3Ha'felbY, Beh H no npHnOBe,n;a'fKOM CTHAY, THnH'fHOM 3a HCTopHjcKa
,n;eAa OHora BpeMeHa, a npaTH H OpHrHHaAIIY CTPYKTYPY npeAOMa TeK­
CTa. I1naK, OCHM KAaCH'fHe HjeKaBiliTHHe H HeKHX THnH'fHHX xpBaTCKilX
TepMHHa KOjH o,ny,n;apajy o,n; npHpo,n;e cpnCKor je3HKa, npeonTepeheH je
MHorHM HOBoxpBaTCKHM KOHCTPYK[(HjaMa, npHAHKOM 'fHjer cpa6pHKO­
Bafba je 3apM HeKaKBe "KpoaTocpOHHje" )KpTBOBaHa CYIlITHHa je3HKa, a
BpAO 'feCTO cy o,n;a6paHH apXail'fHH H peoe ynoTpe61LHBH cpnCKH TepMH­
HH, nOHeKa,n; H ca norpeIlIHHM 3Ha'felbeM. ITpeBO,n; Ha cpnCKo-xpBaTCKH
ll3 1968. r0,n;HHe, y,n;eAY KOjH o6paoyje (a o6paoyje caMO ,n;pyry nOAOBHHY
Op6HHHjeBor ,n;eAa) , CYIlITHHCKH ce BeOMa MaAO pa3AHKYje o,n; HOBHjer
xpBaTCKor npeBo,n;a H3 1999. ro,n;HHe (aKo ce 3aHeMape HjeKaBIlITHHa H
"KpoaTH3MH"). XpBaTcKH npeBo,n; HMa H3pa:>KeHHjy npHnOBe,n;a'fKY HHTO­
Ha[(Hjy, y3 'felliher HMnepcpeKTa H aopHCTa. MeOYTHM, cpn­
CKo-xpBaTcKH npeBo,n; TaKooe CMP)Kll HeKe THnH'fHe "KpoaTocpoHe" rep­
MHHe, O'fHrAe,n;HO npOMaKAe npeBo,n;Hony H AeKTopy npHAHKoM nJ:lHt)el')H­
Balba H3,n;afba (Ha eKaBH[(H). HOBH PYCKH npeBo,n; HeMa TaKO H3pa:>KeHY
npHnoBe,n;a'fKY HHTOHa[(Hjy (Koja nOCTojH y cKpaheHoM npeBo,ny rpocpa
CaBe ParY3HHcKor) H HMa MaAO BHIlIe cAo6o,n;e y,n;ocTa BepHoM npeBo,ny,
fu\il je 6HO BpAO KopHcTaH 360r 6pOjHHx HaBe,n;eHHX HMeHa HCTOPHjCKHX
AH'fHOCTH, HMeHa ayTopa HCTOPHjCKHx ,n;eAa, TonOHHMa H Cne[(HcpH'fHilX
TepMHHa y PYCKOj H HTaAHjaHcKoj Bep3HjH.

125 Don Mavro Orbini: "II regno de gli Slavi", Pesaro, 1601.

126 fCImra I1CTopHorpaqJH$I rrO'laTI1$1 I1MeIlH, cnaBbl 11 pa3llil1peHHH HapO,!la CnaB$lHeKoro.

Co6paHa 113 MHOrl1X KHHr I1CTOpl1'leCKI1X, Qepe3 rOCrrO,!lHHa Mapoyp6HHa Apxl1­

MaH,!lpI1Ta ParYJKCKoro. ITepeBe,!leHa C HTaJJb$lHCKOrO Ha POCCHlfcKHH $I3blK 11
Harre'laTaHa... B CaHKT-ITerep6yprCKOH THrrorpaqJHH, 1722, aBrycTa B 20 ,!leH!.
127
"KpaJbeBCTSo CJIOSeHa ", CpncKa KlbU:J/ce81W 3a()pyza, oeorpa,!l,
1968.
128 Mavro Orbini: "Kraljevstvo Slavena", Golden Marketing i Narodne novine, Zagreb,
1999.
129 Maypo Op6I1HH: "CJIaB$lHCKOe u,apcTBo ", BTopoe H3,!laHHe, O~Ma Me()ua
MoeKsa, 2010.
90 91
 ~

IlpH KOMrrHlI.aLCHjH OBOr TeKCTa MaKCHMalI.HO je Sa)J.p)KaH BH3yell.­

HH Hsrll.e)J. OpHrHHMHe CTpaHHLCe ca rrpaTenHM Ca)KeTHM HSBO)J.HMa Ha
MaprHHH, yKlbyqyjynH H HeKe O)J. BHIheTa H HAYCTpaLCHja. IlpHpebeHH
TeKCT je rrpHAarobeH CprrCKOM jeSHKY, ys 3a)J.p)KaBalbe rrpHrrOBe)J.a'IKOr
apXaH'IHOr CTHAa. 360r TOra je H rrpBH )J.eo rrpHpebeHOr TeKCTa, rro)J.
YTHLCajeM jaKo BepHOr XpBaTCKOr rrpeBO)J.a, H3pa)KeHHje rrpHrrOBe)J.a'IKH
HHTOHHpaH, )J.OK je )J.pyra rrOAOBHHa TeKCTa rro HHToHaLCHjH Her)J.e H3Me­
by OBe )J.Be orrLCHje rrocTojenHx rrpeBO)J.a. IlocTojenH rrpeBO)J.H cy HCKO­
pHlIlneHH ys rrpanelbe OpHrHHalI.HOr TeKCTa H HOBor rrpeBO)J.a Ha PYCKH, Kpa.z:&eBCTBO
y3 KopeKLCHje YO'IeHHX rrporryCTa H rrOMeHYTO "rrpeBobelbe" Ha cprrCKH.
M36eraBaHO yrrYIlITalbe y HerrOTpe6He H HpaLCHOHalI.He aBaHType y06­
AH'IaBalba HeKaKBor corrCTBeHor rrpeBO)J.a TeKCTa (H3Y3eB rrpOBepaBalba
rroje)J.HHHX 'IHlbeHHLCa) sa KOjH Ben rrocTOje BpAO BepHH rrpeBo)J.H. TaKO
je OCHOBHa rra)Klba rroCBeneHa KOMrrHAaLCHjH TeKCTa y LCeAHHY, Koja 6H
6HAa Ha cprrCKOM je3HKY, O'IHIlIneHa O)J. je3H'IKHX 6paBypa HOBoxpBaT­
CAOBesa

CKHX jeSH'IKHX AYTalba, MH H IlITO BepHHja opHrHHMHoj CPOPMH rro 'IH­ .llaRaC HCKBapeRO 3BaRHX CKjaBoRH
lbeHHLCaMa, rrpHrrOBe)J.a'IKOM CTHAY H TepMHHHHoAorHjH. HeKa HMeHa,
TorrOHHMH H TepMHHH rrpOBepeHH cy yrropebHBalbeM ca PYCKHM rrpeBO­
)J.OM H HS paSHHX orrLCHja 0)J.a6paHa je cpopMa Haj6AH)Ka )J.aHaIlIlbeM cprr­ HCTOPHJA

CKOM 'IHTaou;y, MH H y3 YBa)KaBalbe HeKHX Op6HHHjeBHx rroce6HOCTH.

OpHrHHMHH TeKCT HMa KpaTKe H3BO)J.e Ha MaprHHH CTpaHHLCe, AOR MaBpa Op6HRHja ,ny6pOB"IaRHRa

KOjH rrOHeKa)J. HHCy caMO Ca)KeTaK HS O)J.rDBapajyner TeKCTa, Ben Ca)J.p­

)Ke )J.OrryHCKe HHcpopMaLCHje. Y OBOM rrpHpebeHOM TeKCTY cy TH KOMeH­
OllaTa Mn.eTCKOr.

TapH rrpHKa3aHH MaKCHMalI.HO BepHO Op6HHHjeBoM opHrHHMy. HeKH O)J.

THX KOMeHTapa KopHCTe HMeHa H TorrOHHMe y )J.pyra'IHjoj CPOPMH O)J. OC­ •
HS KOJe ce BHAH IIOpeKAO

HOBHor TeKCTa ys KOjH cy )J.aTH, rra TO 'IHTMaLC Tpe6a)J.a HMa y BH)J.Y Ka­
)J.a yO'IH TaKBa HeCAaralba. Y KOAOHaMa ca OBaKBHM KOMeHTapHMa ca­
rOTOBO CBHX OHHX HapOAa KOjH 6exy

)KeLCHMa )J.aTa je H OpHrHHalI.Ha Op6HHHjeBa rrarHHaLCHja. BOA)J.OBaHH H jesHKa CAOBeHCKOra, ys MHOra H

HTaAHKOBaHH 6poj OSHa'IaBa rrO'IeTaK CTpaHHLCe opHrHHMa ca THM paSAB'1HTa ILHXOBa paTOBalLa y EBpoIIH,

6pojeM. )leAoBH KffiHre, KOjH ce O)J.Hoce Ha rroje)J.HHe 06AaCTH H lbHXOBe

BAa)J.ape 06pabeHH cy y3 rrpHAO)KeHe HAYCTpaLCHje Ha rrO'IeTKY. 0PH­
ASHjH H A~PHIlH, pasBoj ILHXOBa

rHHMHa Op6HHHjeBa AHCTa ayTopa KopHIlIneHHX H3Bopa )J.aTa je<·y H3­ llapCTBa, CTapOApeBHa BepOBalLa H

BOPHOM 06AHKY Ha rrO'IeTKY, a HH)J.eKC rrojMoBa )J.aT je Kao HAyCTpaLCHja pasAo6n.e ILHXOBOr IIpeo6palieILa y

Ha Kpajy TeKCTa, Ta'IHO OHaKO KaKO CTOjH y opHrHHMy. BpojeBH CTpa­ xpHmliaHCTBO,

HHLCa y HH)J.eKCY rrojMoBa O)J.rOBapajy orrHcaHoj opHrHHalI.Hoj Op6HHH­

jeBoj rrarHHaLCHjH. OpHrHHMHH TeKCT Ca)J.P)KH HeKe rrpaBorrHCHe crreLCH­
CPH'IHOCTH, Koje cy caqysaHe, HaKO )J.aHac HHCY y yrroTpe6H (Hrrp. Ta'IKa a Ha Kpajy cy H3AOlKeHH ycnecH KpallteBa
Hsa pHMCKor 6poja). KOjH cy BAa,D.aAH y

,naAMaIlHjH, XpBaTcKoj, BOCHH, Cp6HjH,

PamKoj H ByrapcKoj.

92
93
 ,.....,.

Ca CMepHomliy
MROrODOIDTOBaROM
rOCIIOAHHY MOMe HajBelieM
rocnapy Mapusy

rocllapa AHApHje Bo68.l11eBHlia

HaTII1CaBlIIH OBY HCTOPHjy CAOBeHa TIO HaAOry Balliera rOCTIO,nCTBa H

C MHOrl1M y,n06HOCTHMa, 6y.nytm ,na CTe MI1 BI1 lIIHpOKe PYKe TIP}')KI1AH
CBe CBPCI1CXO,nHO He 611x AI1 je TIpHBeO Kpajy, 'lI1HI1 MH ce ,l(}')KHOllihy
MOjOM, ca,na Ka,n TIO,n MOjHM I1MeHOM Tpe6a 6HTI1 06jaBlbeHa, BaMa je TIO­
CBeTHTH, KaKO 6H ce BalliOM MorAa 3BaTH H KaKO 6H TIpOHalllAa OCAOHau;
y OC06H Koja he joj TIo,napHTH yrAe,n CBOjl1M ,noCTojaHcTBeHHM PO,nOM H
,npyrHM AH'lHHM BpAI1HaMa, KaO H ,nocTojaHCTBoM BallIHX TIpe,naKa. Jep,
~eAHMO AI1 pa3MOTpl1TH TIopeKAO H HaTIpe,naK TIopo,nl1u;e E06allieBHh,
oTKpHheMo ,na je OHa y BpeMe Ka,n rOTH pa30pl1l1Ie ETIH,nayp, H3 Kojera je
H3rpaQeH rpa,n ,lJy6pOBHHK, ,nOllIAa C TIpBHM li>erOBI1M OCHHBa'lI1Ma AeTa
rOCTIo,nli>er 260. TIOCTaBHTH My TeMelbe, Te o,n Tor BpeMeHa Ha OBaMO He­
TIpeCTaHO y~HBaAa HajBHlIIe TIOAo~aje, 0611A0BaAH 60raTCTBOM H M}')Ke­
BI1Ma TIocBeheHI1M OTIlliTOj 6Aaro,naTH, 3a'leTHMa H pOQeHHMa y 3aKO­
HI1TOM 6paKY, TIAeMeHHTHMa H C O'leBe H C Maj'lHHe CTpaHe, y CKAa.ny ca
CTapo,npeBHHM 3aKOHHMa ,nOMOBHHe KOjH TIpOrAalliaBajy ,nO:lKHBOTHO He­
TIO,n06HHM 3a TIOrAaBapCTBa, 3aje,nHO ca CBI1M fberoBHM TIOTOMU;HMa, 6H­
AO Kojera o,n TIAeMl1ha KOjH ce opo,n11 C ,npyrHM Hero C TIAeMCTBOM BAaC­
THTora rpa,na. na 6y.nyhH, ,naKAe, ,na Ballie rOCTIO,nCTBO YHaTpar Bl1l1Ie
o,n XHlba.nyTpI1CTa ro,nHHa TIOTH'le o,n TaKBHX TIpapo,nHTelba, Mo~e ce ca
Cl1rypHOllihy YCTBp,nI1TH Hel1CKBapeHa H peTKa TIAeMeHI1TOCT Balliera
po,na H CTapl1Ha TIOpo,nHI.l.e. npeM,na cy HeKH TIHCaAH ,na Ballia TIOpo,nHu;a

94 95
 r
BO,n;H nopeKAO O,n; <pa6HjeBau,a, cBojeBpeMeHO TaKO yrAe,n;HHX H Ha rAacy
y PHMY, Te OCTaBHBIlIH TO no CTpaHH, Kao CTBap 'iHja CTapoCT He jaM'iH
nOY3,n;aHOCT, peu,HMO ,n;a 6e3 CBaKe cYMH>e nOTH'ie H3 EnH,n;aypa, HaceLba
PHMLbaHa y HAHPHKy, rpa,n;a y TO ,n;06a H3pa3HTO nAeMeHHTor H ,n;peBHor,
Te je (nonyT nAo,n;He 6HLbKe npecaoeHe no,n; OKpHLbe HaKAo:a.eHHjer joj
He6a) ,n;aAa MHore BpAe M)')KeBe KOjH cy Ha pa3He Ha'iHHe 6HAH o,n; KO­
pHCTH ,n;OMOBHHH H H>oj Ha CAaBY: 'iac nOMruKyl'm joj y paTOBHMa Ha
KonHY H Ha MOPY, 'iac np)')KajynH nOMon :a.e3HHHM npHjaTeLbHMa H
CaBe3HHu,HMa KOjH cy BHIlIe nyTa CAaBHAH n06e.n;y, yTBp.n;HAH noce,n;e H
BAa.n;aBHHY 3axBaLbyjynH ycnecHMa BojcKe o,n; cpene 6AarocAoBlheHe H C
pa360pHToIlIny H xpa6poIlIny o,n; BojcKoBooa B06aLbeBHna BooeHe, KOjH
cy, rOTOBO Kao HOBH <pa6HjeBu,H, yje,n;HO caqyBaAH noce,n;e cBoje ,n;OMO­
BHHe H 0,n;6HAH H paCnpIlIHAH OXOAe HenpHjaTeLbcKe CHare H KM cy ce
OHe 'iHHHAe CTpaIlIHHMa H HecaBAMHBHMa. A 360r My,n;pOCTH H cnpeT­
HOCTH H>HXOBe, Ka,n; ce ,n;OMOBHHa KOpHCTHAa H>HMa y CBOjHM nOCAaH­
CTBHMa H nperoBopHMa, THM cy nOY3,n;aHHu,HMa ,n;o,n;eLbeHe KpaLbeBCKe
nO'iaCTH. H caMH cy KpaLbeBH H>HXOBOM yaeK cnpeMHoM H nOY3,n;aHoM
CA)')K6H 'iyaaAH CBOj )KHBOT H KpaLbeBCTBo. M)')KeBH Te Cp'iaHe H cpenoM
6AarocAoBlheHe nopo,n;Hu,e 6HAH cy ,n;eAOHMa CBOjHM H caBeTHMa Ha KO­
pHCT Peny6AHu,H, KaKO y ,n;OMOBHHH TaKO H y TYOHHH, a HapO'iHTO OH,n;a
KM je, TaKMH'ienH ce MO)K)I.a ca CAaBOM BpYTOBOM HAH llHoHoBoM, oc­
A060.n;HIlIe CTpaxoBAMe H nOBpaTHIlIe joj ,n;peBHo ,n;ocTojaHCTBo H cA060­
.n;y. llpyrH, naK, OTHIlIaBIlIH jOIlI ,n;aLbe, roTOBO Kao ,n;a 6H H>HXOBOj BpAH­
HH 6HAO cKY'ieHo nOLbe BojHor H rpaoaHcKor ,n;eAOBaH>a, nOCTaAH cy npH­
Mep no CBOjOj n060JKHOCTH H CBeTOCTH ::lKHBLbeH>a. Meoy H>HMa, HeKO ce
nOCBeTHO pa3MaTpaH>Y H npoyqaBa:a.y CBeTHX cnHca, npeBeo HaM je ca
rp'iKOr Ha AaTHHCKH ,n;eAa CBeTor BacHAHja, je,n;Hora o,n; npBaKa KaTO­
AH'iKe u,pKBe; HeKO je, naK, HanycTHBIlIH y,n;06HOCT H 6AarOCTaH>e CBora
,n;OMa H nOCBeTHBIlIH ce MOHaIllKOM ::lKHBOTy, Y3Hanpe,n;OBao TOAHKO H 6H
Y3,n;HrHYT y TaKBe BHCHHe .n:yxa ,n;a npHMH (Kao IlITO BHIlIe nyTa H3aoe Ha
BH,n;eAO) npOpO'iKH ,n;ap. Ho, npeBHIlIe 6HX O.n;)')KHO KMa 6HX 0 TOM TaKO
onIlIHpHOM npe,n;MeTY XTeo OB,n;e npH3BaTH cenaH>Y CBe OHO IlITO 6H ~e
MorAO 0 :a.eMY penH, Te 6HX Morao KojHM cAyqajeM nOHer,n;e HCYBHIlIe
onTepeTHTH ,n;eAO, 6y.n;ynH ,n;a CaM 0 TOMe pa3Aarao y OBOj HCTOpHjH Ha
npHKAMHHM MeCTHMa. llo,n;any pa,n;Hje KaKO BaIlIe rOcno,n;CTBo HHje
XTeAO H3HeBepHTH BpAHHe CBOjHX npe,n;aKa. By.n;ynH,n;a CTe y u,BeTY MAa­
,n;OCTH HaCAe,n;HAH HajBena 60raTCTaBa Koja ce naMTe 3a je.n;Hora .n;y6po­
Ba'iKOra rocnapa, npYJKHAH CTe je,n;HHCTBeH npHMep, jep y3 TOAHKe 6Aa­
ro,n;aTH, MAa,n;Hn o,n; IlIeCHaeCT ro,n;HHa, lhynKor H yroMor H3rAe,n;a, ycpe,n;
HaCAa,n;a <PHpeHu,e, HanyLba H BeHeu,Hje, Koje MOry 6HTH CHa::lKHa n06y,n;a
H no,n;cTHu,aj ,n;a ce cKpeHe C npaBora nyTa, nOHeAH CTe ce YBeK H y CBe­
My CKPOMHO, pa360pHTO H YMepeHO. CTora, cnOMeH Ha BaIlIa npOIlIAa
,n;eAa H Y0'iLbHBOCT ca,n;aIlIH>HX HaBo,n;e OHe KOjH cy BaM CKAOHH, a npHCH­
LbaBa 3AOHaMepHe, aKO HX HMa, ,n;a XBaAe H o,n;ajy nO'iaCT BaIlIoj BpAHHH,
Koja ce y 3peAO ,n;06a jOIlI BHIlIe HCKa3yje y ,n;ocTojaHcTBeHHM ,n;eAHMa,
My,n;PHM H BeAHKo)l;yIlIHHM, Kao H y ,n;06pO'iHHCTBHMY npeMa Lby6HTeLbH­
Ma ITAeMeHHTHX CTy,n;Hja. 06HAHO CBe,n;O'ie 0 TOMe CBe OHe CHAHe K:H>Hre
nOCBeneHe BaIlIeM HMeHy, Koje cy y nOMeHyTHM rpMOBHMa, Te y ne­
96
capy H Jly6POBHHKy, yrAe,n;aAe CBeTAOCT ,n;aHa. Ho, OHO IlITO HMMaIllyje
CBa ,n;pyra BaIlIa ,n;eAa H IlITO 3acA)')Kyje, He 3HaM ,n;a AH 6HX peKao XBaAY
HAH ,n;HBLbe:a.e, BeAHKO)l;yIlIHa je nOTBp,n;a Lby6aBH H MHAOCpoa npeMa
,n;OMOBHHH, Koje CTe nOKa3aAH 1588. ro,n;HHe. HaHMe, TeIlIKO 60AeCTaH,
npHMHBIlIH C He::lKHOIlIny 'iOBe'iHOra cpu,a H CTaAO::lKeHoIlIny M)')KeBHor H
xpHIlInaHcKor )l;yxa BeCT 0 CMpTH rocnapa JYHHja, 6paTa BaIlIera (nOKoj
My )l;yIlIH) 'iHjH CTe HaCAe,n;HHK nOCTaAH, Te rAaC IlITO ce npOHece ,n;a ce
HCTO ,n;Oro,n;HAO y <PHpeHu,H C ,n;pyrHM 6paTOM, rocnapoM MHXOM, H yBe­
peH ,n;a HeneTe ycneTH o.n;ynpeTH ce TeIlIKoj 60AeCTH (a HCTora cy
MHIlILbeH>a 6HAH H AeKapH), TeCTaMeHTOM o,n;pe,n;HCTe Jly6pOBa'iKy Peny6­
AHKy HaCAe,n;HHu,OM BaIllHX ,n;06apa. nOBpX He6pojeHHX ,n;06POTBOPHHX
3M)')K6HHa, o,n;pe,n;HCTe ,n;a ce H3rpMH H HCYCOBa'iKH 3aBO,n;, 3HajynH o,n;
KaKBe ne 6Aaro,n;aTH 6HTH MAMe)KH H u,eAOMe rpa,ny. 06jaBHCTe nOTOM
,n;a ::lKeAHTe ,n;a ce no,n;HrHY ,n;OMOBH H CaMOCTaHH 3a ITAeMKHH>e H 3a
CHpOMaIlIHe ,n;eBojKe, Te 3a ::lKeHe Koje 6H nO::lKeAeAe nOBynH ce H OCTaBH­
TH ce He'iaCHOra ::lKHBOTa, ,n;o,n;eAHBIlIH ,n;OMOBHMa H3BaHpe,n;He H H3,n;aIlI­
He npHxo,n;e ,n;OBOLbHe ,n;a ce npeXpaHH H3Y3eTHO BeAHK 6poj IlITHneHHu,a.
CBaKe ro,n;HHe npH6aBHCTe TaKooe ,n;OAH'iaH MHpa3 MHorHMa o,n; :a.HX,
KaKO 6H ce MorAe y,n;aTH. He 3a60paBHCTe npH TOMe 06e36e,n;HTH CBaKe
ro,n;HHe cpe,n;cTBa 3a cTy,n;Hje npaBa, cpHA030qmje, Me,n;Hu,HHe H TeOAorHje
MHorHM MAMHM ITAeMHnHMa, KOjH caMH He 6H HMaAH Te MorynHoCTH, Te
MHorHMa KOjH Ben 6ejaxy CBpIlIHAH CTy,n;Hje, KaKO 6H 3MP::lKaAH CTe'ieHH
HaCAOB. Ibpa3HcTe nOTOM ::lKeLbY ,n;a ce y3 nOMon noce6He nOTnope MHorH
MOry nOCBeTHTH CAHKapCTBY, BajapCTBY H apxHTeKTypH. 1l0,n;acTe TOMe
,n;pyre 0,n;pe,n;6e, Koje npHAH'ie MHAOCPOY H BeAH'iHHH BaIlIera .n:yxa.
HeIlITO KacHHje, ro,n;HHe 1594, Ka,n;a ce y l{y6pOBHHKy cTpaxOBaAO o,n;
qHKaAHHOr BojHor noxo,n;a, nOKa3aCTe KaKO HHje oCAa6HAo BaIlIe po,n;o­
Lby6Lbe; IlITaBHIlIe, BeAHKo.n;yIlIHO ce nOHY,n;HCTe ,n;OMOBHHH Ha CA)')K6y ca
CBHM CBOjHM HMa:H>eM, IlITO CeHaT, nAeMCTBo, rpM H 'iHTaBa ,n;p::lKaBa
npHMHIlIe C OHaKBOM Lby6aBLby H 3axBaAHOIlIny KaKBe H 3aCAY::lKYje TaKO
,n;06pOHaMepaH .n:yx, O,n;Ba::lKaH H o,n;aH onIlIToj ,n;06p06HTH. Ja 6HX ,n;eo TO­
ra CTpnLbHBO npenyTao, Kao IlITO npenyTKyjeM MHOro ,n;pyrora, ,n;a ce H3
BpAO pa3YMLbHBHX H jacHHx pa3Aora HHje rAac 0 TOMe TaKO npOHeo; CTO­
ra, Kao IlITO CKPOMHOCTH BaIlIoj MO)K)I.a Hene 6HTH no BOLbH npH3BaTH
TO y cenaH>e, TaKO 6HX ja, npenyTaBIlIH TO, Morao 6HTH 06eAe::lKeH Kao
3A06aH HAH Y HajMaH>Y PYKY cAa60 ynyneH H paBHO)l;yIlIaH npeMa onIlIToj
,n;06p06HTH. MO::lKe ce ,n;aKAe yqHHHTH caCBHM O'iHrAeMHM ,n;a H3 CBHX
HaBe,n;eHHX pa3Aora H MHorHX ,n;pyrHx Koje HanaMeT H30CTaBLbaM, OBO
,n;eAO HHje HMaAO HanH YTO'iHIlITa Ha ,n;pyroM MeCTY, ,n;o no,n; OKpHLbeM
BaIlIera rocno,n;CTBa, KojeM ne ce, KaKO ce Y3,n;aM, CBH,n;eTH 360r OHora
CTojH y :a.eMY CMP::lKaHO H 3aTO IlITO je je HaCTaAO no,n; yTHu,ajeM KOjH ne­
Te Ha MeHe YBeK BPIlIHTH; Ha,n;aM ce, CTora, ,n;a neTe C y06H'iajeHoM 6Aa­
roIlIny onpOCTHTH 6e36pojHe MaHe CTHAa H BeIlITHHe KojHMa je HanHca­
HO. Je,n;HO, MeOYTHM, 3HaM ,n;a MOry ca CHrypHoIlIny H o,n;BaJKHOIlIny
TBp,n;HTH, a TO je ,n;a CaM y OHOMe IlITO ce TH'ie HCTHHHTOCTH 6HO ca­
BeCTaH H 6PH::lKLbHB HajBHIlIe IlITO CaM Morao. H3BOAHTe CTora npHMHTH
HCKpeHe H3pa3e Moje HaKAOHOCTH. Kao IlITO Bac )KHBO MOAHM CBHM cp­
u,eM. Yje,n;HO nOKopHO MOAHM Bora CBeBHIlIH>era ,n;a BaM CBaKHM ,n;aHOM
97
 r--­
I
I
I

IIO,AapH cpehy H 60lLHTaK, a MeHH MHAOCT ,Aa BaM MOry HCKa3aTH llITO VI
jacHHje 3HaKOBe IIOlliTOBaFba Koje 3a Bac rajHM. lby6HM BaM PYKe. Y
necapy, IIpBor MapTa 1601. ro,AHHe.

npeCBeTAora rOCIIO,ACTBa Balliera ,llOH MABPO OPBHHH 'IHTAOUHMA

cAyra O,AaH H 3axBaAaH

,AOH MaBpo Op6HHH

HHje HHKaKBO 'I}',AO, MHAOCTHBH qHTaOI.:(H, llITO CAaBa

CAOBeHCKor HapO,Aa, ,AaHaC HCKBapeHo 3BaHor cKjaBoH­
CKHM, HHje ,AaHaC Ha TaKBOM rAacy MeOY IIHCI.:(HMa, Kao
llITO 6H C IIyHHM IIpaBoM MOpaAa 6HTH H llITO cy }f,erOBa
qaCHa ,AeAa H CAaBHH IIo.n;yxBaTH IIOMpaqeHH ryCTOM Ma­
rAYlliTHHOM, roTOBO IIOKOIIaHH y BeqHoj HohH 3a6opaBa,
6Y.llYhH,Aa Taj HapO,A HHje HMao yqeHe M)T}KeBe o6pa30BaHe
y HCTOj MepH y KOjOj je 06HAOBaO paT060pHHMa H BelliTHMa
Ha OpjI2Kjy, a KOjH 6H CBOjHM CIIHCHMa IIO,AapHAH 6ecMpT­
HOCT HMeHY CAOBeHCKOM. LlpyrH Hapo,AH, KOjH cy 3aoc­
TajaAH ,AaAeKO 3a OBHM, HHCY ,AaHaC HH 360r qera ,Apyror
TOAHKO CAaBlLeHH, HO 3aTO llITO HMa,AOllie yqeHe Mjl2KeBe, Xe6pejcICU
KOjH HX CBOjHM CIIHCHMa IIpocAaBHllIe. Xe6pejH (KojHMa nucqu.
6HCMO, ,AaKAe, 3arrOqeAH) HMa,AOllie <PHAoHa, XerecHIIa H
JocHIIa, IIHCI.:(e H3y3eTHe CAaBe, KOjH OBeKOBeqHllIe Taj Ha­
pO,A y CBOjHM ,AeAHMa. BHAH 6H TO yqHHHAH H MHorH ,ApyrH
BpAO yqeHH rpqKH Mjl2KeBH, ,Aa HM je 6HAO ,AorrylliTeHo O,Aa­
BaTH CTpaHI.:(HMa H 063Half>HBaTH TajHe MCTHHe, Kao llITO
IIHllIe AaKTaHI.:(Hje y IV. K}f,H3H, IIorAaBlLY 11. bWICGHCICUX
HHCmumy-y,uja. TeoIIoMII, HaHMe, 2KeAehH ,Aa YBPCTH xe­
6pejcKe TajHe y cBoje Hcmopuje Mucmepuja, OCAeIIH H
(IIpeMa ,ApyrHMa) 6ellIe MyqeH rp03HHI.:(OM IIyHHX qeTp,AeCeT
,AaHa, Te oIIoMeHYT y CHY o.llYcTa,Ae O,A TOr IIo.llYXBaTa, Kao
llITO LleMeTpHje CBe,AOqH nToAeMejy. TeO,AaT, TparH'lapCKH
IIeCHHK, CIIOMH}f,yhH Xe6peje OCAeIIH, HO CII03HaBllIH IIO­
rpelliKY o 3,ApaBH , Kao llITO IIHllIe Ey3e6Hje y paCIIpaBH 0
BpeMeHY. LleAa rpKa je,AHaKO TaKO IIpocAaBHllIe MHorH H rp4.ICU nuCllU..
He6pojaHH IIHCI.:(H, MeOY KojHMa 6ejaxy AHaKCHMaH,Aap H3
MHAeTa, XeKaTej H3 MHAeTa, LleMoKpHT, EY,AOKCO, LlH­
Keapx, Ecpop, EpacToTeH, nOAH6Hje H nocej,AOHHje. 36H­
BaFba y Be3H ca PHMlLaHHMa H qHTaBOM MTaAHjOM OIIH­ Pu.MJbaH.u.
callie APHCTH,A H3 MHAeTa, TeoTHM, KAHTOHHM, Heapx, Te­
oCPHA, LlopoTej, APHCTOKAO H XpH3HII. Te6aHI.:(e IIPOOAaBH Te6aH.lJu.
nucqu
KTecHcpoH, a EIIHpI.:(e KpHToAaj. 36HBa}f,a Ha neAoIIoHe3Y
neJwnOH.eCKU.
OIIHCaxy KpHcepMo, LlocHTej H TeocpHA. 0 TyCKYAaHHMa je TYCKYJI.QH.CKU.
IIHcao C03HCTpaT, 0 APKa,AHjH LleMopaT, a 0 BeoTHjH o ApKaiJuju.
MepHA. CBe FbHX nAyTapx HaBO,AH y CBOjHM IIapane.!lHUM o Beomuju
JlCUBOmonUCUMa. XeAapHK, KTecHja H3 KHH,Aa, MeraCTeH,
APTeMH,AOp, Ecpe3Hje, KaAHCTeH, KOjH je ce IIPOCAaBHO

98
99
 I
y TeOrrOMrrOBO ,n:06a, Te MHOrH ,n:pyrH, Koje HaBO,n:e CTpa­
60H, nOAH6Hje, COAHH H ,n:pyrH, OrrHCaIlle 36HBruna y I1H,n:H­
o H~iJuju, jH, nepcHjH, ErHrrTY H MHOrHM ,n:pyrHM KpajeBHMa. Je,n:HaKO
nepcuju u TaKO HH faAHjH He Y3MaH.Ka H.e3HH rrHca~ ,llHacpop, Tpa­
Ezunmy.
o Ta.nuju, KHjH COKpaT, a AH6HjH XecHoHax. TeOKaA XYHH6aA,n: C BHIlle
TpaKuju u o,n: TpH,n:eceT CBOjHX KH.Hra, BaCTaA,n:, XeAHraCTO, Ape6aA,n:,
Au6uju.. PHTXHMep, BeTaH, ,lloPaK, Kapa,n:aK H PyTBHK rrpOHeIlle rAac
o <t>paH~HMa, ,n:aHac 3BaHHM <t>paH~3HMa. CBH cy TH Hapo­
,n:H, ,n:aKAe, Koje CMO HaBeAH, Ha rAacy y l.J:HTaBY CBeTy jep cy
ce, Kao IllTO peKOCMO, HaMepHAH Ha yqeHe lby,n:e, KOjH MHoro
3Hoja rrpOAHIlle, He 6H AH HX CBOjHM crrHCHMa rrpOCAaBHAH.
VII Hapo,n: CAOBeHCKH, MeOYTHM, 6eIlle y TOMe je,n:HHH AOIlle cpe­
he. O,n: caMora ce rrOl.J:eTKa, HaHMe, AaTH CTaAHHX paTOBaH.a
HapoiJ H ,n:eAa ,n:OCTojHHX Bel.J:HOr CrrOMeHa, HHMaAO He MapehH 3a TO
cnoae~cKU .
HHM ,n:pyrHM BpAHHaMa KojHMa ce HCTHl.J:e, Taj KHe3 rro
~uje UMao ,n:a HX HeKO 3a6eAeN<:H y KH.HraMa. MaAO Je rrHca~a OCTaBHAO
ceoje nu~e. crrOMeH Ha CAoBeHe, a H OHO IllTO cy OCTaBHAH THl.J:e ce
yrAaBHoM paTOBaH.a C pa3HHM Hapo,n:HMa H HHje OCHOB ,n:a
6H ce rro,n:apHAa CAaBa TOM rrAeMeHY, Koje CBOjOM BOjCKOM
3a,n:a MHoro MyKe rOTOBO CBHM Hapo,n:HMa OBora CBeTa. Ha­
CPHY Ha nepcHjy; 3aBAa,n:a A3HjOM H ACPPHKOM; rrOBe,n:e 6op­
6y C ErHrrhaHHMa H AAeKcaH,n:poM BeAHKHM; rroKopH fpl.J:KY,
MaKe,n:oHHjy H I1AHpHK; 3aY3e MOpaBCKY, illAeCKY, qeIllKY,
nOlbCKY H o6aAe EaATHl.J:KOr Mopa; rrpeoe y I1TaAHjy, r,n:e rro­
Be,n:e llYry 6op6y C PHMlbaHHMa, OCTaBIllH KOjH rryT rropaN<:e­
HHM, ,n:pyrH rryT OCBeTHBIllH ce H rro6HBIllH MHoro PHMlbaHa,
a ,n:pyroM rrpHAHKOM paTyjyhH OCTa y oKpIllajy je,n:HaKHM
lbHMa, Te rroKopHBIllH Ha Kpajy PHMCKO UapCTBo 3aY3e MHO­
re lberoBe rroKpajHHe, pa30pH rpa,n: PHM H o6Be3a pHMcKe
~apeBe Ha ,n:aHaK, IllTO HHje ycrreAo HH je,n:HoM ,n:pyroM Ha­
po,ny Ha cBeTy. 3aBAa,n:a <t>paH~cKoM; yqBpCTH BAa,n:aBHHY
y illrraHHjH H o,n: H.HXOBe KpBH ce po,n:HIlle rropo,n:H~e BHCO­
Kora IIAeMCTBa, a 3Ha ce ,n:a PHMCKH rrHC~H HHCY ,n:apeN<:"­
lbHBH rrOXBaAaMa rrpeMa BapBapHMa (KaKO HX OHH 30BY) Kao
rrpeMa cBojHMa. 360r Tora caM ce ja, H3 ocehaja .n:yN<:HOCTH
KOjH Me BeN<:e 3a MOj CAOBeHCKH po,n:, ,n:pare BOlbe HaMyqHo
KaKO 6HX pa3jacHHo rropeKAO H pa3Boj H.erOBOr ~apCTBa,
rrpHKYrrHBIllH CBe OHO IllTO ce pacyTo HaAa3HAO 3arrHcaHO
KO,n: pa3HHX ayTopa, He 6H AH TaKO 6HAO AaKIlle ,n:03HaTH Ka­
KO CAaBHO H 3HaMeHHTO yaeK 6ejaIlle TO IIAeMe. 113 H.eroBor
KpHAa H3aOOIlle y rrpOIllAO BpeMe MHorH H BpAO MohHH Ha­
PO,n:H - CAOBeHH BaH,n:aAH, EYPryH,n:H, fOTH, OCTPOroTH, BH­
3HroTH, ferrH,n:H, feTH, AAaHH, BepAH HAH XepYAH, ABapH,
CKHPH, XHPH, MeAaHXAeHH, EaCTapHH, nel.J:eHe3H, ,llal.J:aHH,
illBeoaHH, HopMaHH, <t>eHH HAH <t>HH~H, YKpH HAH YHKpaHH,
MapKOMaHH, KBa,n:H, Tpal.J:aHH H I1AHpH. 3aTHM cy BeHe,n:H,
O,n:HOCHO XeHeTH, 3arrOCeAH o6aAe EaATHl.J:KOr Mopa, a 6HAH
cy rro,n:elbeHH Ha MHore orpaHKe: nOMepaH~H, BHA~H, Py­
jaH~H, BapHaBH, 060,n:PHTH, nOAa6lbaHH, BarHpH, AHHrOHH,
100
TOAeH~H, Pe,n:apH HAH PHa.n:yPH, UHp~HrraHH, KH3HHH, Xe­
pyAH O,n:HOCHO XeBeA,n:H, Aey6Y~H, BHAHHH, CTo,n:epaHH H
EpH3aHH, y3 MHore ,n:pyre Koje HaBo,n:H CBeIllTeHHK XeA­
MOA,n:, a KOjH CBH 6ejexy je,n:aH H HCTH CAOBeHCKH Hapo,n:,
Kao IllTO he ce OB,n:e ,n:albe BH,n:eTH. He 6H AH ce OBO ,n:eAO
IllTO BHIlle rrpH6AHN<:HAO caBpIlleHCTBY, HHcaM N<:aAHO Tpy­
,n:a: BHIlle caM rryTa rrporrYTOBao I1TaAHjy ,n:a rrperAe,n:aM
KH.HN<:HH~e y rrOTpa3H 3a rroTpe6HHM KH.HraMa, a HajBehH
caM ,n:eo rrpOHaIllao y necapy y KH.HN<:HH~H rrpeCBeTAora
rocrrapa BojBo,n:e o,n: Yp6HHa, Koja je, BepyjeM, Haj60raTHja
H HajoTMeHHja, a Taj je KHe3 o,n:pN<:aBa H l.J:YBa BpAO 6pHN<:­
lbHBO H MaplbHBO. CBOjHM H3BaHpe,n:HHM rr03HaBaH.eM pa3­
AHl.J:HTHX HaYKa H CBOjOM BeIllTHHOM y BOjHHM rrHTaH.HMa,
pa36opHTOIllhy, rrpaBe,n:HOIllhy, rr060N<:HOIllhy H He6poje­
CBHM 3acAyraMa Ha,n:MaIllyje H caMO 06Hlbe CBora HMeTKa.
npHKYrrHBIllH KOHal.J:HO Hajrro3HaTHjy rpaOY Koja ce HaAa3H
pacyTa y MHorHM KH.HraMa, XTeo caM je 06eAo,n:aHHTH Ha
rrOHOC CBer CAOBeHCKor Hapo,n:a, KOjH MOAHM ,n:a ,n:06pOHa- VIH
MepHO rrpHMH Taj MOj Tpy,n: Kao ycrrOMeHY H ,n:OKa3 BeAH­
l.J:HHe CBOjHX rrpe,n:aKa, Kao jacaH 3HaK H.HXOBOra jYHaIllTBa
H KOHal.J:HO Kao HeIllTO IllTO My rrpHrra,n:a. A aKO ce Haoe He-
KO, KO 6H MOj Tpy,n: rraKOCHO H He3axBaAHO XTeo rrOKY,n:HTH,
.n:yN<:HOCT he CAOBeHCKora rrAeMeHa 6HTH ,n:a ra CBOjOM pa3­
60pHTOIllhy o,n:6paHH, Ol.J:YBa H O,n:pN<:H My yrAe,n:. OHaj, rraK,
KojeM he ce MON{.ll:a rrpHl.J:HHHTH ,n:a OBO ,n:eAO HHje y rrOT­
rrYHOCTH ,n:OBpIlleHO, rrpHceTHhe ce KaKO cy ce pa360pHTH
lby,n:H YBeK 3HaAH CMHAOBaTH H orrpOCTHTH rrHC~, KOjH ce
rrpBH AaTHO HeKaKBor rpa,n:HBa HAH rrpe,n:MeTa. HahH he ce
MON{.ll:a ,n:pyrH (6y,nyhH ,n:a je AaKO ,n:o,n:aBaTH Beh rOTOBHM
cTBapHMa) KOjH he H 06HAHHje H pel.J:HTHje rrHcaTH 0 HCTOM
rrpe,n:MeTy. ,llo Ta,n:a Bac, MHAOCTHBH l.J:HTaO~H, MOAHM ,n:a
rrpHMHTe C 6AarOHaKAOHoIllhy OHO IllTO BaM 3aca,n: HMaM
rro,n:apHTH.
101
IX
x
("HOfEiq Pachimao Marlano 'cotO rhnto
AYTOPH UHTHPAHH Y OBOM ,llEAY GOrglO Tirio M.irino Barlcdo Plmarcn
Giorgio V \'crcfthuo .M:.rino B'eil.:b.e1Xlio 'oUbio
Glofn;tlldo Alano f. Matti no' .~ Por6rib' ,
CKpeheM naJKli>Y 'IHTao:u..y ,lla ce Meoy OBHM ayTopHMa HaAa3H HeKOAHKO Girolalll0 Donate Manino Abbate' POn'lpo\,\io Lcto
li>HX Koje je CBeTa PHMCKa UpKBa OCY,llHAa, a Koje CMO noce6HO Gl rob 010 Blfdi M.utUlo Crome,~ Ptiuifc!ti di Catlt.O
Girolamo Rllfl;.;lli Martino V di:oQO C()fsl:nd P[o~Q~io di CeCuea
03Ha'1HAH; IbHX CMO ll;HTHpaAH je,llHOCTaBHO Kao HCTOpHjCKH H3BOP 0
Gnilio Farahlo no profpc.ro Aquitano i
CTBapHMa 0 KojHMa ,llpyrH CBe,llO'1e. Giuliino Manino Scgonio
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GilHlloCordo' Martin'o Vagncto R..{faclo v~er.ino
Godifrcdo Monaco, Marzlano Capella Reginant' Abbate
Gothfrido Viterbicn{e M;mhia Mt'c(::ouua l\egiftrQ delle CrOn.icbe
, A ~tc.Tdt~~ C Alfurino 5UliL PUnic Filippo Lonicero. din.aut Gregorio Dotfote Mal.ociliQ Reinl)ero Reinedo. daD
A~'ti!Vr{pargCftfc . CaHim~ apprdso Flauio V'opifco i GuhchllO Canrer(J Mctcllo TI~\lrino nalO :Il; c . ' ,
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Agatia Soiimco

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Cerate Saranio
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Francdco Scrdonati
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Hclmoldo Prete
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M. Cicerone .
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A.ibetto Stadenfe
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Corrado Pcudngero Gtremia Rufso . ' ; Hcrm.1nno Schodcl Nicolo M,ulci1co Scipione Ammiraro
Alefsandro Scultto
Criuppo - Gertardo Rudingero Herodiano Nicolo Srobeo Scruio
Altlll'l!cro' .
Cronica de'Fnti Minorid Gioanni Auball'o .. Hcrodoto Aliccrnafeo Sidol!110 ApotlinarQ
Ammlano Monato"
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Aliii~i Ifi Ii.rifi.la '

o AUiiChitreo. Qanna·
to Amote..

Defcriti~d('l mOllQO

GioanniBanifta
Gio~nni BOlero
Gioanni Cocleo
Humbaldo

OJ~hi~O Curco
I1S.lCio
Ondimo
Or:gmc ul"'(Jorhi
QUone Fri~igenrc
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SlgifmondO Herberfltino
Sllj;)erto G(fIebrar40
SoC[1fC Hdiorite
SolinD
AnnalfdJ. Ol~(\~
Gioanni Curop:\Iaro Tutze Soz.i.meno
Aol'tali dlltaiifa '

Annali di R:uui:l

Diodorq Siculo

Diogenc Lac:rtio

Gioan!li Dtlbrauio··
Gioanni di Ef..endii Ifidoro Hlfpalenfe
Higonlo appte(so PHnto
PholDDiacono
Barnefrido Spec:cio dc'SalforU
Annab 4~'.Tutdli
DionQ.Niceo
Gioanni' Herbu'no 1':1:010 C. St~ti9. ~octa', ,
PaQlo Enulio Stefano BluntiD.o.
Annll~rV~n(t~ :,

AnnoB?> Monaco,

Dionifio Punieo

Ditltmaro McrApurgc:Ii:

Gio3.rinib~iardo
Gioanni Magno Gotho
.
l( Iria(o Spangebergio. Paolo Niucmonrano
P.O!Q (jiouio
Strabane '
Antonio Bofinio
Domp:lj'ro Mal'ioN&g11O
Gioanni LeuncJauio, (lath SnlfridD'Pictto Mittieate'
4Qt1)n:io.(i ellfr\:9,
nato aut:
LAmoerro S,h1t'fnabur­ l':loto Langlo SUlda <." , •

p!'~modio'Sabelli(o
EGefipPol . .
Giaanni }\l'al!dr:ro
g~n!c Paolo Orofio Scplilncnto di Eutropi8:.
MtQnio.S.(onco'J~Q
Egidio Tfdll./.dio
Gioanm VillalJo
Laonico C:akondila. dan.;. Paolo Panna SI;H~t~nio TranqniUo
AltoDio ViPe.fanQ . Eginharto Mona!:o
Gioanni St:ldio
n:uo aut. Paolo Sl.'.lligcm Sufndo'Mi{ncnle .
Appi2t\O Att'Bandrino ElioCorclQ .
Gioanlli Goro},pcio
L:\llf(:mio Suro Pet:lOclo
Arnoldo Abbate: . EI io fparria no
Gio:mni Gobellino
~ymma..:o.
Leonardo Aretina Picr Fran(cfcoGiambula.
ArpontacQ Burdl:'salenk ~lafllado ManafJc
G ioannlMonact')
Libra ~c:lle C:ognitioni ri
Arriano di Nicam~dia ~~Ii:ome diStr.lbonc:
GjOannl di,ThvudcZ
TEodcrico'
Libro delle p.1lU dl Prq;;tdi Pierro Arropeo • daallatO TC:Odol'oSp:mdugino<
}.(. Aurelip<!afsiodoro' ,llHtl:p(! ~t~l1a '
,Gigl,nni T.gutino
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S.Mlrttio Vinore. , Eudocia Pancgiti!l:a
Gioanni Pinero Tcopoinpo ChiC)
EU3ippo M~;l\\ac4l.• <; iacolll(5Cact:atdo LodouicaCcruino l'ietroBdlonio Tcodola
B Alda~a~ Spali~110
BcalQRcn:l!'l.q' r ,1­
Eutcbio
F.uftami() ..
Giacomo Meiero
Giacomo ViR1l1nSJo
l.ucano
Lucio Faur.no
T'1I:tro Biz:no
1'11:1 [0 de Ca!l:ro Pete
Tiro'Liuio
Tolomeo Aldrandtino.
~C~o,I" Euuopio Gia'COllIO Spigelio I~tI<:lo Floro Pierro Crullbct
Luigi Contarinc
TOll)a£bendomo
Bctnarqo OfuJl:iniario . GIacomo Zieglc:~o, danoa. P\I:,tro Ectlliino
B.ili~aldoPi~~~!m~no
))onl(aC10 S~Jte~ ...
F AbioCderiano

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Giotgio GCdreno
1 II ro ido B:utl ~r~ic
LU1.£ prando Ticjnim~e
Pll'troGill!tin ian<»
Pi.. fro Liuio
TrF&c!lio Poi1ioJ1c,
Trogo Pompeo .
:Bulla ~'d.iO' >, . ,,,/"" Tflgetlone"Pat.\uillQ.
'fatckolo d c'tem pi. :
Gio r~jot~britio. ctalU)a. P Pi!t'o
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Vafcrio M~r,~o.·.
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 1

ODHC

CKAH,nHHABHJE

KOJA JE BHAA .llPEBHA .llOMOBHHA CAOBEHA

Co63HPOM Ha TO )].a rOTOBO CBH nHCUH BH'IHH nepy, KOjH

OCTaBHIIle CBe)].OqaHCTBa 0 CAOBeHCKOM HapO,uy 3a 6y,uyna
nOKOAeH.a, TBp)].e H 3aKThyqyjy)].a OHH nOTeKOille H3 CKaH­
)].HHaBHje, XTeo caM Ha nOqeTKY OBora )].eAa YKpaTKO penH
HeillTO 0 H.eHOM nOAOJKajy, KaKO 6H OHH KOjH )].aHac npH­
na)].ajy TOM Hapo,uy, npe CBera CTaHOBHHUH ,UaAMaUHje H
MAHpHje, 3HaAH C Koje cy CTpaHe CBeTa )].OIIlAH H.HXOBH
npeUH. CKaH)].HHaBHja )].aK.I\e, KOjy MHorH 30BY CKaHUHja, 2
)].pyrH naK CKOH)].aHHja, CKaH)].Hja, CKOH)].Hja H CKaH)].H- CICaHcnmaeuja
HOCUpQ3HQ
30Ha, CMeillTeHa je y ceBepHHM npe)].eAHMa. CTapH AaTHHH
UMeHa.
H fPUH rOTOBO )].a je HHCY n03HaBaAH, a onillTe je MHIIl­
lbeH.e 6H.1\o)].a ce TaMO HaAa3H Ae)].eHH nojac 3eMlbe, ocyljeH
Ha BeqHH CHer H HeHacelbeH JKHBOTHH.aMa; MaAO H.HX je
CnOMHH.e, a HeKH CMeCTHille y Te npocTope cpenHe 3eMlbe
H lby)].e ,uyroBeqHe H BpAO npaBe)].He Meljy CBHM CMPTHH-
UHMa, )].OK )].pyrH naK nOBepaBaille )].a ce Pa)].H 0 BeAHKOM
OCTpBy. Ho nAHHHje, MeljyTHM, Ka)]. y IV. KH.H3H CnOMHH.e
oCTpBa BaATHqKor Mopa, OBaKO 0 H>oj roBOPH: »Meljy THM
je oCTpBHMa CKaH)].HHaBHja noce6Ho nAeMeHHTa H Heyno-
pe)].HBe BeAHqHHe-. A COAHH Y norAaBlbY 32.0 qy)l.HMa OBO­
ra CBeTa KaJKe: .CKaH)].HHaBHja je CTpBO Bene 0)]. CBHX OC-
TaAHX OCTpBa fepMaHHje, TaMO HeMa HH'llera qy)].eCHor )].0
caMor oCTpBa«. Ho 3aTHM ce Ca3HaAO )].a CKaH)l.HHaBHja
HHje OCTPBO, Hero BpAO BeAHKO nOAYOCTpBO, TaKO BeAHKO
)].a ra Jop)].aHec AAaH CMaTpa noce6HHM CBeTOM, KOBaq­
Koeat{Hu~a
HHUOM Hapo)].a H KOAeBKOM HauHja. .llyJKHHa MY je 0)]. jyra
HQPoaa.
Ha ceBep OKO 1.800 MHlba, a IIlHpHHa He MHOro MaH.e 0)].
nOAOBHHe Tora. OKpYJKeHO je ca CBHX CTpaHa BaATHqKHM
MopeM, Koje )].pyrH Ha3HBajy, KaKO nHille AATxaMep y KO­ PQ3Ha T.J..M.eHQ
BaJ!mut{IC02
MeHTapHMa TaUHTY, pa3HHM HMeHHMa - fepMaHCKO, CBeB­
MOpa.
CKO, BpHTaHCKO. BaATHqKO, Bap6apCKO, nOMepaHCKO, 3
ApKTHqKO, BOpeaAHO, CeBepHo,Ae)].eHO, Ko)].aHCKO, BeHe)].­
CKO, OCHM IIlTO ce C HCTOKa, roTOBO Ha KpajH>eM ceBepy,
HaAa3e CKpHqmHUH H KapeAHjUH Ha rpaHHUH C MOCKOB­
lbaHHMa, KaKO nOKa3yje OAayc MarHYc y CBOM 3eMlbonHcy.
OCHM Tora, yqeHH lbY)].H cMaTpajy )].a je TO CAaBHa TyAa, a CICaHOuHaeuja
pa3A03H Koje HaBo)].e TeMelbe ce Ha OBOMe: nOMnoHHje Me­ je c:Jl.aeHa
Aa CMeillTa TYAY HacynpoT )].OH.e fepMaHHje; nToAeMej joj Ty.Jla..

106 107
 .,.....
o,npeljyje lIOAOJKaj Ha Ce,naM,neCeT If TPIf CTelIeHa IIIlfplfHe If
,nBa,neCeT If IlIeCT .ll;.YJKlfHe: ilpoKolIlfje lIlfIlIe ,na je HaCTaILyje
TpHHaeCT pa3HlfX HapO,na H ,na ffiOMe BAa,na IfCTO TOAHKO
KpaJbeBa, Te ,na je ,neCeT rryTa Bena O,n BpHTaHlfje. CTecpaH
Blf3aHTlfHaI1, Ha3lfBa je BeAHKOM H CMeIlITa TaMO HapO,ne
CKpHcpHTaHaI1,a, KOjlf ce ,naHaC 30BY CKPlfcpHHI1,HMa. I1CaK
UeI1,e, TYMa'l AlfKOCPPOHa, KalKe ,na ce TyAa HMa31f IfCTO'lHO
o,n BpHTaHlfje. CBe cy TO CTBapH Koje o,nrOBapajy CKaH,nHjH
If HH je,nHoj ,npyroj . .llo,naj TOMe ,na ce je,naH ,neo CKaH,nHje If
,naH-,naHaC 30Be TYAcKa MapKa. BMTH'lKO Mope Koje je 3a­
IIlbycKyje HHje lIO,ll;ll.OJKHO lIAHMIf If OCeI1,lf, aAH je Y36ypKaHO
H BpAO OlIaCHO. Ka,na CTpyja roffieHa BeTpOM ,nOAa3H ca ce­
Bepa, Bo,na je TaKO CAaTKa,na je MopHapH KOPlfCTe 3a KYBa­
ffie, a Y3POK je TOMe MHOIlITBO peKa If je3epa KOjH TaMO YTIf­
'ly. CyrrPOTHO ce TOMe ,noralja Ka,na cTpyja ,nOAa31f ca 3arra­
,na. 3HMH ce 3Me,n1f lIpeKO CBaKe Mepe, TaKO ,na ce lIOBPIlIH­
HOM Kpene HeKOM BPCTOM KOAHI1,a, Koja TaMOIlIffiH lby,nlf 30­
4 By CAeHTeH (caHKe), a KaTKa,n 'lHTaBe BojcKe lIpeAa3e lIe­
IlIHI1,e ca CKaH,nHHaBCKor KOHTHHeHTa Ha OCTpBa. JaK06 UIf­
rAep, 0,n6aI1,HBIlIIf CBe ,npyre Ha3HBe, 3a,npJKa Ha3HB CKOH­
,nHje IlITO, KaKO OH KalKe. 3Ha'lH lbyrrKOCT, TO jecT AelIOTa. To
C1\.aHiJw-ta6uja je 3aTO IlITO 6AaroIlIny lIo,nHe6lba, lIAo,nHoIlIny TAa, ,n06PHM
npe602ama lIOAOJKajeM AYKa If TpJKHHI1,a, lIOMOpCKHM 6oraTcTBoM, o61f­
lbeM pH6a CBOjHX je3epa H peKa, AOBlfIlITHMa lIAeMeHlfTe
'i,::::::a
ceUMe
,nHBlba'lH, HelfCI1,plIHHM HMa3lfIlITHMa 3AaTa, cpe6pa, 6aKpa
JKU6om. H OAOBa, MHOIlITBOM rpa,nOBa If rpaljaHcKlfX YCTaHOBa He
3aocTaje HH 3a je,nHOM 60raTOM lIoKpajlfHOM. 113 CKaH­
C1\.aHGuHaeC1\.e ,nHHaBlfje cy 'leCTO lIO lIpOBepeHHM ,neBlfI1,aMa o,naIlIlflbaHH
OeeulJe uoy Ha (KaKO HaBO,nH COAHH y 25. lIorAaBlbY 0 CeBepffiaI1,HMa) lIpBH
3aeemHU nym lIAO,nOBH JKeTBe Kao 3aBeT AlIOAOHY .lleAcKoM. Ho KaKO ce
AnO.!lOHY 6 6' h
jze.!lC1\.O.M.. OHe, 3 or 3AO e HelIpHJaTelba, HHCY BpallMe HeTaKHYTe,
O,nyCTMO ce o,n 3aBeTHHX rryToBaffia H 60rolIoIlIToBaffie je
6HAO OrpaHIf'leHO yHyTap rpaHHI1,a CKaH,nHHaBHje. .llaHac
OHa 06YXBaTa TpH KpaJbeBCTBa - HopBeIlIKY, lliBe,nCKY H
rOTCKY C ,neAOM KpaJbeBHHe .llaHcKe, Te MHore ,npyre lIOKpa­
jHHe, KaO IlITO cy BOTHHja, <PHHHMapK, AarroHlfja H <PHH-
CKa KOjy je, KaKO lIHIlIe MHHCTep y IV. KffiH3H KocMorpa­
<PuH.C1\.G
cpHje, y lIpOIlIAHM BpeMeHHMa HaCTaffilfBao CAOBeHCKH
HaCmalt>eHa •
CJtOeeHU.Ma. Hapo,n, rOBOplfAO ce ffieroBHM Je3HKoM, a Y BpeMe BAa,naBHHe
MocKoBlbaHa 6HO je Ha CHa3H rp'lKIf o6pe,n. JOIlI je MHOro
,npyrHx lIoKpajHHa y CKaH,nHHaBHjlf H3 Koje cy, KaKO ne ce
KacHlfje lIOKa3aTH, lIOTeKAH CAoBeHIf C MHorHM ,npyrHM
MonHlfM Hapo,nHMa KOjH lIoKopHIlIe If 3aBAa,naIlIe 3aTHM
A3HjOM, ACPPlfKOM If EBpOlIOM.
108
5
nOPEKAO
CAOBEHA
H PA3BOJ ILHXOBOr UAPCTBA
DOHeKa,n je AaKO ,n03HaTH lIOpeKAO MHorHX Hapo,na, IfAIf
360r Tora IlITO cy OCTaBHAH Tpar ,neAHMa H KYNrypoM IfAIf
360r ora IlITO cy, lIpeM,na caMIf lIO ce6H He06pa30BaHIf If
BapBapH, HMaAH 3a cyce,ne Hapo,ne lIocBeneHe HaYI1,If,
KojHMa Hlfje He,nOCTajMo HH cAo6o,nHor BpeMeHa HH
peBHoCTH ,na HCTpalKe H 3alIHIlIY lIOpeKAO H ,neAa He caMO
CBOjlfX cyce,nHHX, Ben If Hajy,naJbeHlfjHx Hapo,na. Ho
TaKO AaKO ,n03HaTIf lIO HeIlITO 0 lIOpeKAy If pa3Bojy
CAOBeHCKora I1,apCTBa, lIOIlITO cy CAoBeHIf, OClfM IlITO cy
o,nyBlfjeK MMO ,nplKaAH ,no HaYKe H ,no HayqHHKa, He OC­
TajynH HM HHKa,na BpeMeHa ,na ce lIOCBeTe CTy,nHjHMa If
HayIJ,H, caMH lIO lIPlfpO,n1f BapBaplf, JKHBeAH Meljy Hapo­
,nlfMa je,nHaKO TaKO OKpyTHHM H BapBapCKHM, C KojlfMa cy
HelIpeCTaHI1,e paTOBaAH. TIa KaKO cy o,n caMora lIO'leTKa
JKlfBeAH cy caCBHM HelI03HaTH y lIpoCTpaHoj YCaMlbeHOCTIf Kaoace npeu
BapBapcKHX Hapo,na, lIojaBlfIlIe ce lIpBH rryT Y BpeMe Ka,na nym ja6Jbajy
rpI1,H H PHMlbaHIf, KO,n KOjHX cy yrAaBHoM HajBlfIlIe I1,Be­ C.!106eHU.
TMe cry,nlfje If HaYKa, 1f3ry6HIlIe yje,nHO If KffilfJKeBHOCT If
BeIlITHHY roBopHlfIlITBa, HaKOH IlITO cy HX HalIMe, 1f3MY­
'llfAe If rOTOBO lIa YHHIlITlfAe BojcKe ilapTa, rOTa, BaH,nMa,
AAaHa, AaHro6ap,na, CapaI1,eHa, XYHa H Ha Kpajy CAOBeHa.
HaIlIaBIlIH ce lIPHTlfCHyTIf BAaCTHTHM HeBOlbaMa If He­
,nanaMa, He lIOCBeTlfIlIe ce, HlfTIf HM OCTa BpeMeHa ,na IfC- 6
TpalKe H 3a6eAeJKe y KffiHraMa lIOpeKAO If YClIexe ryljlf­
HaI1,a, HapO'llfTO OHlfX Koje C pa3AoroM 3aMp3lfIlIe. KaKO
MOPaM YKpaTKO OlIlfcaTIf lIOpeKAO H YClIexe Tora BpAO lIAe­
MeHHTor CAOBeHCKor Hapo,na, lIo.nyxBaTHny ce TaKO TeIlIKO
CXBaTlbHBe rpal)e, H3HocenH pa,nlfje Tylje HO cBoje BAa­
CTHTO MlfIlIlbeffie, jep MH ce 'lHHH ,na Hene 6lfTIf AaKO MeHIf
HeYKoM OTKPHTIf OHO IlITO je 6HAO cKplfBeHO HajMaplbHBH­
jHMa Meljy HCTpalKlfBa'lHMa HCTHHe.
ilpeMa CBeTOM lIlfCMY CTapora 3aBeTa H OlIIlITeM
cy,ny lIlfCaIJ,a, jacHo je ,na ce JacpeT, cTapHjH CHH HojeB o,n
Kojera lIOTe'le CAOBeHCKIf Hapo,n, KaKO CBe,nO'le XOAaHlja­ C.!lOeeHU
nomO.MlJU
HlfH ileTap Kpy36ep y Tpenoj KffiH31f 0 CeBepffiaI1,lfMa, BIf­ JacjJemoeu
THKHH,n H3 BarplfeHa y lIPBOj Kffilf31f 0 repMaHlfjlf If AAeK­
caH,nap rBaffilfHH y CBOjOj CapMaTHjH, HaKOH OlIIlITer lIO­
TOlIa CKAOHlfO HajlIpe y A3Hjy, a 3aTHM ffierOBH lIOTOMI1,1f
109

o,n:OllIe y EBPOrry Ha CeBep, y 3eMlbY ,n:aHaC 3BaHY CKaH,n:H­
HaBHja. TaMO ce pa3MHO)KHllIe y BeAlfKOM 6pojy, KaO llITO
CBe,n:O'IH CBeTH AyryCTHH y 6. KlhH3H 0 BOJKjoj 0pJ/(aBu, r,n:e
Kpajeeu
3anoceoHymu
KruKe ,n:a cy CHHOBH H IlOTOMll.H JacpeToBH HMaAH ,n:BeCTa
JacpemoeUM 3aBH'Iaja H HaCeAlfllIe KpajeBe KOjH ce IlpY2Kajy o,n: IlAa­
nOrnoM",UMa. HHHe Tayp y KHAlfKHjH Ha ceBepy, IlpeKO CeBepHora Mopa,
(ilpeMa TBp.lJ.lhaMa Koje .llaBH,n: XHTpeyc H3HOCH y III. KffiH­
IlOAOBHHe A3Hje H 'IHTaBe EBpoIle, CBe ,n:o EpHTaHcKora
3H 0 CacKoj, naOAO JOBHO y 3aKOHHKY MocKoBHje, Kao H
3Ha~e~e T . 6 .
UMeHa
Mopa. 0 Je HO ,n:OKa3, KaKO TYMa'Ielha 110 KOJeM HMe a­
Jeupemoeoz..
cpeTOBo 3Ha'IH llIHpelhe, TaKO H OHe HojeBe 3aKAeTBe cpen­
Hora Hcxo,n:a; OTall. JacpeTOB, HaHMe, 3HajynH ,n:a HY2KHO
Mopajy IloCTojaTH TpH CTalha lby,n:CKora 2KHBlbelha H ,n:o,n:e­
lbyjynH CBaKOMe o,n: CHHOBa 3Balhe Koje 6H IlPHAH'IHAO
CKAOHOCTHMa CBaKora o,n: lhHX, caOIlllITH HM OBY CBOjy o,n:­
AYKY: .TH nelli, CeMe, Kao CBeUlTeHHK ,n:p2KaTH E02Kjy
CAY2K6y. TH neIlI, XaMe, 06pal)HBaTH 3eMlhY H IlOCBeTHTH ce
3aHaTHMa. TH, Jacpere, BAa,n:aj H 6paHH 3eMlbY Kao Kpa:lb H
6y,n:H BH'IaH OPY2Kjy Kao BOjHHK«. Ty 3aIlOBeCT HAlf 3aKAeT­
By HojeBY, KaKO ce KacHHje BH,n:eAO, IlOTOMll.H lherOBHX CH­
CJtoeeHu HOBa HHKa,n:a HHCY IlOra3HAH. CTora CAOBeHH, IlOTeKAH o,n:
ooyeex:
OOeaJK.HU Ha JacpeTa, 6ejaxy o,nyBHjeK O,n:Ba2KHH Ha OPY2Kjy H IloKopHIlIe
opyJKjy. MHore Hapo,n:e. Ey,nynH, ,n:aKAe, ,n:a je 6poj JacpeTOBHX 110­
7TOMaKa HapacTao H,n:a cy ce HaMH02KHAH y TOj MepH,n:a HX
HH BeAlfKa CKaH,n:HHaBHja HHje BHllIe MorAa CBe IlpHMHTH,
Hanycme ( YBeK 2KeIhHHM CAaBe. nHllIe nOMIloHHje MeAa ,n:a HM 6ellIe
C1mHinmaeujy. 3anyTHllIe ce H3 Te 3eMlbe KaKO IlHllIy MeTO,n: MyqeHHK,
OilaT npHMa y CBOjM Jop,n:aH AAaH y I. KlhH3H 0
reTHMa, naBAe 1)aKoH, Kao H ¢>paHll.HCKO MpeHHK y I.
[Jox:ope KlhH3H, IlorAaBlhY 46), Te HailycTHBllIH y BeAlfKOM 6pojy
eeponcx:y O'IHHCKa rHe3,n:a, IloKopHIlIe 'IHTaBY eBpoIlcKY CapMaTHjy
Cap.Mamujy. Koja je (ilpeMa nToAeMejy) C HCTOKa oMel)eHa MO'IBapOM
MeoTH,n:oM H TaHaHcoM [peKa .llOH ], Ha 3aIla,ny joj je rpa­
Kaoa CJtoeeHU HHll.a BHCAa, Ha ceBepy CapMaTCKO Mope, aHa jyry KapIla­
HanycmUw.e TH. npBO HCelbaBalhe CAOBeHa H3 CKaH,n:HHaBHje ,n:oro,n:HAo. <
Cx:aHGuHaeujy ce, KaKO IlHllIe AA6epT KpaHll. y 2. IlOrAaBlby 0 lilBe,n:cKoj,
sa BpeMe BAa,n:aBHHe xe6pejcKor cy,n:Hje OToHHjeAa, Ilpe
BpeMeHa Kpa:lbeBa. OH je, HaHMe, HaCAe,n:HO Mcyca HaBH­
ClloeeHU 00- Ha, MojcHjeBor HaCAe,n:HHKa rO.lUlHe 3790. o,n: IlOCTaHKa
JU13e U3 ~x:a~ CBeTa HAlf 1460. I'D,n:HHe Ilpe .ll.OAaCKa XpHCTa, a y TO Bpe-
oUHaeu)e nou •
zomcICUM Me HarrycTHllIe CKaH.lUIHaBHJY a IlO.ll. lhHXOBHM HMe­
UMeHO.M. HOM H CAOBeHH jep, KaKO 'IHTaMO KO,n: BHTHKHH,n:a
H3 BarpHeHa y I. KlhH3H 0 repMaHHjH H KO.ll. MpeHHKa y l.
KlhH3H, IlorAaBlhY 8, 6HAH cy Ta,n:a CAoBeHH (KaKo neMo
j(eAe ce Ha KacHHje IloKa3aTH) HCTH HapO.ll. y 3aje.ll.HHll.H C rOTHMa. Ha­
.MHOZe ozpaHx:e KOH llITO je CAOBOHCKH HapO.ll. IlOKOPHO H IlO,n: BAaCT CBora
nOOpQ3HUM .
UMeHUMa ll.apCTBa IlpHBeo 'IHTaBY CapMaTHJY, pa3.ll.eAlf ce Ha BHIlIe
orpaHaKa IlO.ll. pa3HHM HMeHHMa. KaKO IlHIlIe JaH .lly6pa­
BHj y I. KlhH3H 0 qellIKoj, Ha3BallIe ce BeHe.ll.H, CAoBeHH,
AHTH, BepAlf HAH XepYAH, AAaHH HAlf MacareTH, XHPH,
CKHPH,CHp6H,EMHHXAeHH,.lla'IaHH,lilBel)aHH,¢eHH HAH
110
...,.....­
¢HHll.H, npYCH, BaH.ll.aAH, EypryH,n:H, rOTH, OCTPOI'DTH, BH­
3HI'DTH, reTH, reIlH,n:H, MapKOMaHH, KBa,n:H, ABapH, ne'Ie­
He3H, EaCTapHH, POKCOAaHH, TO jeCT PyCH H MOCKOBlhaHH,
nOlball.H, qecH, lilAe3H H EyrapH, a CBH OHH 6ejexy o,n: HC­
Tora CAOBeHCKora Hapo,n:a. je po,n: JOIlI H ,n:aH-,n:aHac
J JoxaHHec BepHep H AaspeHTHj CYPHj) HajBenH O.ll. CBHX
CJ!oeeHcx:u
HapO.ll.a. Hapo,ny H je3HKY CAOBeHCKOM He IlpHIla,n:ajy, Ha­ poo je HajeeFiu
HMe, caMO OHH KOjH HaCTalhyjy.llaAMall.Hjy, MAHPHjy, Mc­ .Me1Jy
Tpy H KapilaTe, Ben H MHom .ll.pyrH 3HaMeHHTH H MonHH HapoiJUMa.
Hapo,n:H, Kao llITO cy EyrapH, PaCH, TO jeCT PallIaHH, Cp6H,
EOCaHll.H, XpBaTH, neTOrOpll.H, TO jeCT CTaHOBHHll.H 06AH2K­
lhHX IleT IlAaHHHa, PyCH, nO.ll.OlhaHH, MOCKOBIhaHH H qep­
Ke3H, a TaKol)e H nOMepaHll.H H OHH HaCTalheHH y BeHe,n:­ Kpajeeu
mpeHymHo
CKOM 3aAHBy, CBe ,n:o peKe Aa6e. OHe KOjH cy IlpeOCTaAH o,n: Hacma~eHU
lhHX, repMaHH H ,n:aHac 30BY CAOBeHHMa H BeH,n:HMa HAH
BHH,n:HMa; Ha Kpajy, Ty cy AY2KH'IaHH, KallIy6H, MOpaBll.H, 8
nOlhall.H, AHTBaHll.H, lilAe3H H qeCH. YKpaTKO, Ilo,n:pyqje ce
CAOBeHCKora je3HKa IlpOTe2Ke O.ll. KacIlHjcKor Mopa CBe ,n:o
CaCKe, Te O.ll. J a,n:paHcKor ,n:o repMaHCKor Mopa, r,n:e CBY.ll.a CllOeeHU.Ma.
HaAa3HMO PO.ll. CAOBeHCKH. Y BpeMe Ka,n: HaCTaHallIe Cap­
Hanycme
MaTHjy, Taj ce Hapo,n: IlOKa3a Cp'IaHHM, paT060pHHM H C1mHGuHaeujy
,n:peBHH 06H'Iaj ,n:a ce HHKa,n:a He 3aYCTaBIhajy Ha je.ll.HOMe
MeCTY, Hero KaKO 6H HX MaMHAH 60lhH IlallIlhall.H HAH KaKO
6H rOHHAH HeIlpHjaTelha y 6eKCTBY HAH 6H HX IlaK HeIlpH­
jareIhcKe CHare IlPHTHcHYAe, TaKO 6H ce OHH CeAlfAH Ha
HOBa 60paBHIlITa HocenH ca C060M CBa cBoja ,n:06pa H CTa­ j(peeHU 06u~aj
HyjynH CTaAHO IlO,n: IlIaTopHMa Kao CA060.ll.HH H HeYKpOTH­ Cap.Mama.
BH paTHHll.H. 3aTo He qy,n:H llITO cy JOIlI y BpeMe Ue3apa
ABryCTa, KaKO IlHllIe CTpa60H, 2KHBeAlf H3MellIaHH Mel)y
Tpa'IaHHMa, Ila 3aTHM OPY2KjeM OCBojHIlIe I'DTOBO ll.eAY EB­
pOllY H BeAlfKH ,n:eo A3Hje H AcppHKe. HaHMe (KaKO IlHllIe
AAeKCaH.ll.ap rBalhHH y CBOjOj CapMaTHjH), KO 6H XTeo IlruK­
IhHBO IlpOyqHTH Hapo,n: CAOBeHCKH, Hene HanH HH y je,n:HOM
IlPOIlIAOM BpeMeHY paT060pHHjera HapO.ll.a. CAOBeHH cy C
AaKOnOM IlO.ll.HOCHAH XAa.ll.Hony, Mpa3, BpynHHY H CBe OCTa-
Ae paTHe Ter06e, a ,n:a 6H CTeKAH CAaBHO H 6eCMpTHO HMe,
HHCy MHOI'D MapHAH 3a BAaCTHTH 2KHBOT, H3AaJKynH ra 6e3­
6pojHHM OilaCHOCTHMa. npaBO je 'Iy,n:o IlITO je OBH.ll.Hje Ha­
30H, IlpOrHa:H o,n: PHMIhaHa y TaypH,ny, 0 TOj H3BaHpe,n:Hoj
CHa3H, Cp'IaHOCTH H IlO2KpTBOBalhY HeIl06e.ll.HBOra capMaT­
CKor ,nyxa H3BeCTHO pHMCKe ceHaTope y CBOjHM CIlHCHMa.
M3Mel)y OCTaAOr, OH IlHllIe MaKCHMY y I. KlhH3H, II. eAerHjH:
Ycpe,n: HeIlpHjaTelha H IlorelhH,
Ja caM: K'o,n:a MHje C 3aBH'IajeM
111
 .,.....

11 caM MHp 0.llY3eT. He 6H AH

cMaTpajynH ycnexoM Ben H caMO OnHpaH.e H.HXOBOj :>Kec­ Pw.ubaH.Ucy
Y,ll.BOCTpyqHAH Y3poKe CMpTH Moje
THHH H O,ll.6HjaH.e H.HXOBHX Hana,ll.a. BHTHKHH,ll. H3 BarpH­ ce yael':. y30p­
Oeuouje PaHaMa CBOjHM, IlIHlbaK CBaKH eHa, Me.\jy OCTaAHMa, onHcao je paTOBaH.a ,ll.peBHHX Cap­ JKllaaJIU 00
onucyje pamoealha ca
CapJlWme.
ryjHHHM je OTPOBOM HaTonlbeH. MaTa H H3AO>KH CBe IlITO HX ce TH'ie. 3aTo neMO MH TO CapMamUMa
OKO 3HJl.HHa OBHX cpe,ll. nycTolliH
npenYTaTH, ,ll.a 6HCMO ce nOCBeTHAH CAOBeHHMa, KOjH jOIli
O,ll.pe,ll.H cy KOfbaHHKa K'O BYKOBH
Y BpeMe Ka,.u,a HaCelbaBaxy CapMaTHjy ,ll.a,.u,ollIe ce6H TO
Ka,.u, OKO 3aTBopeHor Topa Kpy:>Ke.
3aHCTa noce6Ho HMe CAaBeHH (CAOBeHH), TO jeCT CAaBHH.
C TBp.\jaBe BH,ll.HIlI YOKOAO Kao llIYMy
OHH nOTeKOllie O,ll. BHH,ll.a HAH BeHe,ll.a, capMaTCKor HapO,ll.a C.lIOaeH.u
O,ll. Konalba ynepeHHX, a O,ll. BpaTa
ca MHOIliTBO ITAeMeHa, KaKO nHllie JOPHaH,ll. (Jop,ll.aH) AAaH nomutLy 00
CHAOBHTO ce OPY>Kje He O,ll.MH'Ie.
BeH.eoa.
y CBOMe ,ll.eAY 0 reTHMa, r,ll.e KaJKe: »YHYTpallIH.OCT LtaKHje
9 je YTBp.\jeHa H onacaHa KaO KPYHOM BeAHKHM AAnHMa, C
'IHje ce AeBe CTpaHe, Koja rAe,ll.a Ha ceBep, Te O,ll. H3Bopa
Memo. E.nezuja II.
BHCAe npeKO HenperAe,ll.HHX npOCTpaHCTaBa HaCTaHHllie
illTa CapMaTH 'IHHe H CMHOHH BHH,ll.H, HapO,ll. KOjH HMa nyHO nAeMeHa. lDHXOBa HMeHa,
Ja30H H 3eMlba TaYPH,ll.a, O,ll.aHa npeM,ll.a H3MeH>eHa O,ll. pO,ll.a ,ll.O pO,ll.a H O,ll. MeCTa ,ll.O MeCTa,
BO>KHIJ;H OpeCTejH, IlITa ,ll.pyrH HnaK O,ll.roBapajy HajBHllIe HMeHHMa CAOBeHa H AHTa. CAO­ CnoaeH.U
Hapo,ll.H 'IHHe r,ll.e BeHH >KHBe Ha npoCTOpy O,ll. HOBrop0,ll.a H CAaBHHa Py­ AH.mu u
IhUXoeO npe-
I1cTap ce Ae,ll.H, MYHCKor (Slavino Rumunense) H je3epa 3BaHor MycHjaH
6uaaJIUwme..
PeKa KOjOj no 'IBpCTOM xp6aTY CBe ,ll.O peKe LtH>eCTpa H Ha ceBep ,ll.O BHCAe. npe6HBaAHllI­
KOH.e cBoje XHTpO rOHe: a Taj Te AHTa, HajcHaJKHHjer Me.\jy HapO,ll.HMa OKO UpHora Mopa,
HajBenH ,ll.eo lbY,ll.CKOra pO,ll.a, PHMe, npOTe:>Ke ce O,ll. LtH.eCTpa CBe ,ll.O LtyHaBa, a O,ll. je,ll.He ,ll.O
He xaje 3a Te H TBOjy AenoTy H opy>Kja ,ll.pyre peKe .llYr je BHllIe,ll.HeBaH nyT.« MaAO nOTOM HanHca:
AY30HHjeBHX o,ll.pe,ll.a ce He 60jH. »BeHe,ll.H, nOTeKaBIliH O,ll. HCTora pO,ll.a, ,ll.aHaC cy n03HaTH
Xpa6pocT My yAHBajy AYK H nyH no,ll. TpH HMeHa: BeHe,ll.H, AHTH H CAoBeHH, a cBY,ll.a, C
To6oAaIJ;, H KOH. CBHKHYT .llYroM TPKY. BO>KjHM ,ll.oITyllITeH>eM 360r HallIHX rpexoBa, nOKa3yjy He­
Jep HayqHllIe ce H3,ll.p:>KaTH .llYro H3MepHY CypOBOCT.« BHTHKHH,ll. XOAaH.\jaHHH y II. KH.H3H 0
)Ke.\j, H ca >Ke.\jy BeAHKY rA8,lI, BeHe,ll.HMa H JepeMHja Pyc y MOCKOBCKOM AeTonHcy nHllIy Kaoa C.lIoaeH.u
C KOjOM HenpHjaTeIha roHe ,ll.a cy CAoBeHH, jOIli ,ll.OK cy >KHBeAH y CapMaTHjH, YSH,ll.eB­ H.aoeH.ywe
Hene HanH HHKa,.u, peKe, HH H3Bopa. IlIH ,ll.a y CTaAHOM paTOBaH.Y C pa3HHM Hapo,ll.HMa yseK H3­ ce6u mo UMe.
Aa3e Kao n06e,ll.HHIJ;H, Ha,.u,eHYllie ce6H TO HMe CAaBeHH CltoeeH.U
HanaOH.Y U
(CAOBeHH), no,ll. KOjHM (KaKO nHllie PHHaAJI. BpHTaHCKH y 1. .
Beema.n.uey. EJlezuja VII, IUbuza W. ocaole
.;
KH.H3H XpOHHKa) OKyITHllie Ha BeHe,ll.CKOM MOPY MonHY Tq:IaJbeacmeo
11 caM ,ll.o6po BH,ll.HIlI KaKO CTpallIHH
MOpHapHUY, KOjOM nOTOM Hana,.u,OllIe EHrAeCKY, r,ll.e cy HX EH2JLeC/'cy.
BOAap Ja30H HaTOBapeHa KOAa B03H
360r H.HXOBOr BHCOKor CTaca CMaTpaAH ,ll.HBOBHMa. HCTO 11
Ha,ll. BO,ll.OM I1cTpa, H BH,ll.HIlI no,ll.
TBPJl.H neTap CyCPPH,ll. AeOBap,ll.HjcKH y 1. KfbH3H 0 nopeKAy
CBHHYTHM Ma'ieM OTPOB, H ,ll.Ba
<I>pH>KaHa KaJKe: CBH nHCIJ;H KOjH 3a6eAe:>KHllie 36HBaH.a y
Y3poKa CMpTH, aje,ll.HO oPY>Kje.
BpHTaHHjH, ,ll.eAe MHllilbeH.e ,ll.a BpyT, KOjH no ce6H Ha3Ba
BpHTaHHjoM 3eMlbY Koja ce paHHje 3BaAa AA6HOH, npOTepa
113 OBHX ce OBH,ll.HjeBHx peqH MO>Ke CXBaTHTH KOAHKO 6exy C OCTpBa LtHBoBe Ha3HBaHe CAOBeHHMa, KOjH, KaKO ce 'IH-
O.llYBeK paTo6opHH CapMaTH, Te KaKO HHKa,.u,a He no,ll.­ Ta y XOAaH,ll.CKHM XpOHHKaMa, nOIliTO cy 6HAH npOTepaHH
AerHYllie PHMCKOMe UapCTBY, Ka,.u,a KaJKe: »He xaje, PHMe, H3 OHHX KpajeBa H y nOTpa3H 3a HOBHM CTaHHIliTeM, npH­
3a Te H TBOjy lbenOTy.« illTaBHllIe, 3a BpeMe BAa,.u,aBHHe IJ;a­ cnellie Ha o6aAe ,ll.OH.e CaCKe, ,ll.aHallIH.e <I>pH3Hje, Te ce He
10 pa MaKCHMHHa CapMaTH npera3HIlIe peKY HCTap Te y.\jOllie 3aTeKaBiliH HHKora HCKpIJ;allIe; HO y6p30 HX CTaHOBHHIJ;H
YUU1.U cy Y y I1AHpHK, Y naHoHHjy H Me3Hjy H Onlba'lKaBIliH CBe IlITO Tora Kpaja npHcHAHllie H3HeHa,.u,HHM Hana,.u,oM ,ll.a ce nOBy-
H.lIupw(u HM ce Ha.\je Ha nyTy. He OCTaBHBIliH HH KaMeH Ha KaMeHY KY HaTpar Ha cBoje Aa.\je. OTnAoBHllIe nOTOM npeMa yHy­
ITaH.OHujy.
(KaKO nHllie ABeHTHH y II. KfbH3H), HacpHyllie H Ha pHMcKe TpallIH.OCTH, Ha 3ana,.u" CBe ,ll.O YllIna peKe Meyce. 3aycTa­
KoxopTe, KojHMa BHllIe nYTa 3a,.u,a,ll.OllIe BeAHKe MyKe. PHM­ BHBIliH ce TaMO, He.llYro nOTOM H He,ll.aAeKO O,ll. MeCTa y
CKO UapcTBo je YBeK H36eraBaAO paT npOTHB CapMaTa, 6AH3HHH ,ll.peBHe Y AapJl.HHre, carpa,.u,HllIe MOnHY TBp.\jaBY
112 113
 KOjy rro ce6H Ha3BaIIIe CAaBeH6ypr, y .Il:06a CaMyeAa, Kpa­
Iba H3paeAcKor, 900 rO.ll:HHa rrpe XpHCTa. Ha Ty ce HCTOPH­
CAoeeHu yme­
I
je TBoja JKeIba 3a CTBapHMa Koje He MOJKeIII rrOCTHhH. TH
Me.lbume.JbU
jy XOAaH.Il:Hje JOIII H .Il:aRac rro3HBajy CBH Cyce.ll:HH HapO.ll:H. 11 Ka.ll: 6Y.ll:eIII rr06e.ll:HO qHTaB IbY.ll:CKH PO.ll:, ca IIIYMaMa H
CAaeeH6ypza.
H eIIITO .Il:aIbe CY't'PH.Il:
..l-. .
.Il:o.ll:aje: ..T ' oTepaIIIe C AOBeHe,
H KOjH
6exy CBeBH, KOjH rrpe Tora orepaIIIe TaKooe H AAaHe, Te
HaCTaIbHBaxy qHTaB Kpaj Ha rroTe3Y O.ll: peKe <PAeBO .Il:O pe­
Ke CBeBO.« JoxaH HaYKAep y 31. rrorAaBIbY crrOMHlDe BAa­
.Il:aBHHY CAoBeHa HM EHrAecKoM, Te KaJKe .Il:a je BpyT, KOjH
rrporepa CAoBeHe H3 EHrAecKe, 6HO CHH CRlUmjeB H rrOTO-
MaK EHejHH. OCTaAH CAoBeHH, KOjH 3a TO BpeMe 6ejexy OC­
C!toeeHU TaAH Y CapMaTHjH, xpa6po ce H CpqaHO O.ll:YrrpeIIIe AAeK­
oooAeeajy
CaH.Il:PY, KOjH ce 360r CHAHHX CBOjHX .Il:eAa Ha3Ba BeAHKHM.
AlleICcaHOpy
BeJtuICOMe. AAeKCaH.Il:ap BeAHKH ce TPY.ll:HO CBHM CHAaMa .Il:a AHIIIH
CAOBeHe ypooeHe HM cAo6o.ll:e, HO OHH, 3aMeTHYBIIIH 6op6y,
'HaHoce nopQ.3 y6HIIIe 3arrOBe.ll:HHKa AAeKCaH.Il:pOBe BojcKe MeHe.ll:eMa H
3anoeeoHuICY
AlleICcaHopoee HceKOIIIe Ha KOMMe .Il:Be XHIbMe rreIIIaKa H TpH CTOTHHe
eojclCe KOlDaHHKa MaKe.ll:0HCKHX. Taj rrOTe3 KBHHT KypIJ;Hje rrpH­
MeHeOe.MY. rrHcyje CKHTHMa, rro 06Hqajy H 3a6AY.ll:H .Il:pyrHx HTaAHjaH­
CKHX rrHCaIJ;a KOjH, KM He rro3Hajy HMe HeKora HapO.ll:a,
HCTora TpeHa, KaKO TO KaJKe AA6ep1' KpaHIJ;, rrpH6eraBajy
CKHTCKOM HMeHy. AAH, JoxaH ABeHTHH y 1. KlDH3H 0 Ba­
12 . , C .Il:aAeKa CTpeAaMa H H36AH3a KorrIbeM Y.ll:apaMo. TaKo CMO HUCY ClCUmu.
BapIJ;HMa jaCHO rroKa3Yje KaKO ce PMHAO 0 AOBeHHMa, Te
OBaKO KaJKe: »Jl:oooIIIe AAeKcaH.Il:py BeAHKOM y rroxo.ll:e
TaKOoe H H3aCAaHHIJ;H HCTOqHHX repMaHa, Koje OH.Il:aIIIlDH
rrHCIJ;H Ha3HBajy CapMaTHMa H CKHTHMa, a MH BeHe.ll:HMa,
,aeaoecem .Il:OK ce OHH caMH 30BY CAOBeHHMa; rropa3HBIIIH TOKOM .Il:a­
ClloeeH.CICUX Ha AAeKCaH.Il:pOBe IbY.ll:e, rrOCAaIIIe K lDeMY .Il:BMeCeT H3a­
U3aCllaHUICa cAaHHKa, KOjH AAeKcaH.Il:py OBaKO 36opHIIIe.« KBHHT Kyp­
OOAa3U IJ;Hje y Ce.ll:Moj KlDH3H KaJKe: "CBe rroTpe6HO 3a CMOTPY 6e­
AlleICcaHOpy.
eIIIe Beh crrpeMHo, Ka.ll:a .Il:BMeCeT H3aCAaHHKa CKHTa Ha
KOlDHMa rrpooe AoropoM H HajaBH cBoje rrOCAaHCTBO KpaIbY·
YBe.ll:OIIIe HX y IIIaTop H rroHY.ll:HIIIe HM .Il:a Ce.ll:Hy, a OHH He
O.ll:Bajaxy rrOrAe.ll: O.ll: KpaibeBa AHIJ;a. BepyjeM .Il:a je TO 3aTO
IIITO HM ce, rrpOIJ;elDyjyhH .D:YX rrpeMa CTacy, OH qHHHO CH­
TaR H Hecpa3MepaH TOAHKOj CAaBH. CKHTH HHCY rrpHrrpoc­
Te rraMeTH H caCBHM HeYKH rrorryT .Il:pyrHx BapBapa, a Ka­
JKe ce .Il:a HeKH O.ll: lDHX rrpHKYrre MY.ll:POCTH KOAHKO je Beh
MOJKe rrpHrpAHTH HapO.ll: BHqaH 0pyJKjy. To IIITO peKoIIIe
TMa AAeKCaH.Il:py, 3HaTHO ce pa3AHKYje O.ll: 06Hqaja HaIIIHX
H OHHX IbY.ll:H IIAeMeHHTHjera .D:YXa H o6pa30BalDa. TIa, HaKO
6H ce MorAO pacrrpaBIbaTH 0 lDHXOBHM peqHMa, ycrrpKoc
TOMe MOPaMO CaqYBaTH Bepy y TO, H OHO IIITO peKOIIIe,
TaqHO rrpeHeTH. Je.ll:aH O.ll: lDHX, HajCTapHjH, rro rrpHqalDY je
Beceoa OBaKO rOBopHO: ,,lla cy 60roBH XTeAH .Il:a TH BeAH'iHHa TeAa
CAoeeHa
6Y.ll:e cpa3MepHa rrOXAerrH AYIIIe, 3arrpeMHHHa CBeTa He 6H je KO.ll: rpKa CKHTCKa rrYCToIII rrOCAOBHqHO H3BprHYTa py­
AlleICcaHopy.
TH 6 HAa .Il:OBOIbHa, TH 6 H je.ll:HOM
. PYKOM .Il:O.ll:HpHBaO HCTOK,
a .Il:pyroM 3arrM; a Ka.ll: 6H TO rrOCTHrao, rrpOXTeAO 6H TH ce
OTKpHTH r.ll:e ce TOAHKH cjaj 60JKaHCKH KpHje, jep TOAHKa
114
H3 EBporre H.Il:eIII y A3Hjy H H3 A3Hje rrpeAa3HIII y EBpOrry.
13
ca 3BepHMa, ca CHerOM H C peKaMa, TH heIII paTOBaTH. Ho
3ap He 3HaIII .Il:a BeAHKa CTa6Aa AYrD paCTy, .Il:a 6H 3aTHM y
TpeH 6HAa HIIIqyrraHa? Ay.ll: je KO caMO lDHXOB IIAO.ll: MOTPH,
a He MepH HM BHCHHy. TIa3H .Il:a, JKeAehH .Il:O Bpxa CTHhH,
He rrMHeIII 3aje.ll:HO C rpaHaMa 3a Koje heIII ce .Il:pJKaTH.
AaB 3Ha KOjH rryT CKOHqaTH Kao xpaHa MaAHX rrTHIJ;a, poa
je.ll:e rBOJKOe. HeMa CTBapH TaKO rroCTojaHe, .Il:a joj He 6H
rrpeTHAa rrorH6Hja O.ll: HeKe .Il:pyre cAa6e. lIITa MH HMaMO C
To6oM? MH HHKMa HHCMO cTyrrHAH Ha TAe TBoje 3eMIbe.
KaKO 3HaIII r.ll:e CH .Il:OIIIao? 3ap HaM HHje .Il:orryIIITeHo .Il:a
OCTaHeMO Herr03HaTH, JKHBehH cpe.ll: OBHX BeAHKHX IIIYMa? C!toeeHU He
MOZY HU /COMe
MH ce HHKOMe He rrOKOpaBaMO H He JKeAHMO HHKOMe roc­
p06oeamu.
rrO.ll:apHTH. TIpe.ll:ajeMo BaM OB.Il:e cBoje .Il:apOBe, KaKO 6HCTe
MorAH yrro3HaTH HapO.ll: CKHTCKH: rrap BOAOBa, rrAyr, CTpe­ ,aajy oapoee
Ae, KOIIIba H rrexap. To cy CTBapH KojHMa ce CAyJKHMO, C AlleICcaHopy.
rrpHjaTeIbHMa, a rrpoTHB HerrpHjaTeIba. AeTHHY CTeqeHY pa­
Tpe6a npUMe­
.Il:OM BOAOBa .Il:apyjeMo rrpHjaTeIbHMa H C lDHMa y rrexapHMa mumu oa
BHHO Kao JKp1'By 6oroBHMa rrpHHocHMO, a HerrpHjaTeIbe H3­ U3aCllaHUI&U
rro6e.ll:HAH Kpalba CKHTHje, Kpalba Me.ll:Hje H HCTO TaKO CJtoeeHU
ca8J!aoajy
Kpalba TIepcHje. TIyT HaM ce CBe .Il:O y ErHrraT OTBOpHO. Ho, 1CpQ.lbeee
TH KOjH ce TOAHKO .Il:HqHIII cBY.ll:a r.ll:e CH CTHrao .Il:a CH Meaujeu
.Il:OIIIaO rrporoHHTH pa360jHHKe CBHX HapO.ll:HOCTH, TH caM IJepcuje U
HHCH HHIIITa .Il:pyro, Hero pa36ojHHK. 3ay3eo CH AH.Il:Hjy H cmWICY 00
Ezunma.
3arroceo COPHjy: .Il:PJKHIII y CBOjOj MohH TIepcHjy, rro.ll: TBO­
JOM cy BAaIIIhy BaKTPHjIJ;H, y I1H.Il:Hjy JKeAHIII OTHhH, a Beh
rrpyJKaIII cBoje AaKOMe H He3aCHTHe PYKe rrpeMa HaIIIHM
CTMHMa. l..feMY CBa Ta 60raTCTBa, KM H3a3HBajy y Te6H
CBe Behy rAM? TH CH Taj KOMe je BHIIIe Hero HKOM .Il:pyroM
H3006HIbe .Il:OHeAO rAM, Te IIITO BHIIIe HMaIII, TO JKeIbHHje
JKY.Il:HIII 3a OHHM IIITO HeMaIII. 3ap ce He crrOMHlDeIII KO­
AHKO je Beh BpeMeHa rrpOIIIAO OTKaKO OrrCe.ll:aIII BacHjaHe
JKeAehH CHAOM rro6eAY? COr.ll:aHIJ;H cy HaHOBO 3apaTHAH.
Te6H paT H3 rro6e.ll:e H3HMqe. TIpeM.Il:a Te cMaTpajy BehHM H
14
CHaJKHHjHM O.ll: .Il:pyrHX, HrraK HHKO He TprrH TyOHHIJ;a 3a
rocrrO.ll:apa. TIpehH heIII TaRJ [Tj. Jl:OH], rra heIII CXBaTHTH
IIIHpHHY rrpOCTopa KOjHM ce rrpOTeJKe. CKHTe TH HHKM
HeheIII rrOKopHTH. HaIIIa he CHpoTHlDa 6HTH 6pJKa O.ll: TBoje
BojcKe Koja ca C060M HOCH IIAHeH MHorHX HapO.ll:a, a Ka.ll:
6Y.ll:eIII BepoBao .Il:a CMO .Il:aAeKO, yrAe.ll:aT heIII Hac y CBOM
Ta6opy. I1cToM 6P3HHOM rrporoHHMo H 6eJKHMo. l..fyjeMo .Il:a
rAy, HO HaMa cy .Il:paJKe HeHaCTalDeHe H Heo6paoeHe IIIYMe
Hero rpMOBH H 60raTH rrOCe.ll:H. Jl:PJKH CTora qBPCTO y Cpenaje
PYKaMa CBOjy cpehy, jep je rrpOAa3Ha H He MOJKe ce rrpoTHB npOJ!Q.3Ha.
115
 I
lllma H.e3HHe BOlhe 3a)l.p::>KaTH. By)]'eIll AH CAe)],HO Taj KOPHCHH
ClloeeHu CaBeT, Kao H oHaj IllTO TH ra BpeMe Ca)l.aIllH.e npY::>Ka, tSolbe
.MUClle 0
heIll CBOjy cpehy 3aY3)],aTH H AaKIlle heIll H.OMe ynpaBlha­
cpehu.
TH. Ko)], HaC ce Ka::>Ke )],a cpeha HeMa Hore, Hero caMO PYKe
nepHaTe, Te Ka)], npY::>Ka pYKe, He )],a nepje )]'oTahlf. KOHa'I­
HO, aKO CH TH Bor, lbY)],HMa MopaIll no)],eAHTH tSAaro)],aTH, a
He O,ll,y3HMaTH HM OHe Koje Beh HMajy. Ho aKO CH 'IOBeK,
HMaj YBeK Ha yMy TO IllTO jeCH. rAyno je )]'p::>KaTH YBeK Ha
t{epcmo YMY CTBapH 3tSor KOjHX cetSe caMora 3atS0paBlbaIll. C KHM
npujatne.Jbcm He tSy)]'eIll 3apaTHO, Taj he TH tSHTH npHjaTelb, jep 'IBpCTO je
eO.Meay
npHjaTelbCTBO caMO Meljy je)],HaKHMa, a KaKO H3rAe)],a ­
jeoHaK:U.Ma.
je)]'HaKH cy MeljycotSHo OHH KOjH HHCY onpotSaAH cBoje CHa­
I13.Meay reo He Bepyj )],a cy TH npHjaTelbH OHH Koje CH nOKopHo, jep
zocnooapa U He MO::>Ke tSHTH npHjaTelbCTBa H3Meljy rocno)],apa H cAyre. 11
Cllyze He.Ma
y MHpy HaM je otSH'Iaj Ha paT MHCAHTH. HeMoj MHCAHTH )],a
npuja­
CKHTH 3aKAeTBOM nOTBpljyjy MHAOCT, OHH ce 3aKAHH.y no­
tne.Jbcmea.
C.J!oeeHU ce IllTyjyhH Bepy. rpUHMa je otSH'Iaj )],a tSy,ll,y Ha onpe3Y, Te
3aK.J!U1bY CBe tSeAe::>Ke H npH3HBajy tSorOBe. Ko He nOIllTyje lhy)],e, 015­
now.myjyhu
MaH.yje tSoroBe, a HH TetSH HHCY nOTpetSHH npHjaTelha y 'IH­
eepy.
jy )],otSpy HaMepy CYMI:haIll. Y HaMa heIll CHryPHO npoHahH
'IyBape A3Hje H EBpone. ]loTH'IeMO BaKTPHjy TaMO r)],e je
15 TaHaHc )],eAH, a H3a TaHaHca, na CBe )],0 TpaKHje, rAac ce
npOHOCH )],a ce MaKe)],OHHja C Tpa'IKHM tSpe:>K)%UHMa H tSp­
)],HMa cnaja. TH pa3MHcAH ::>KeAHIll AH Hac Ha rpaHHuaMa
otSa cBoja uapCTBa 3a npHjaTelhe HAH HenpHjaTelbe." Te pe­
'IH H3roBOPH BapBapHH. AAeKcaH)],ap HM O)],roBOPH )],a ce
::>KeAH nOCAY::>KHTH cpehOM y KOjy ce HeH3MepHO Y3)],a, a TeK
OH)],a caBeTOM OHHX KOjH ra HaBo)],e )],a He Y'IHHH HHIllTa
HenpOMHIlllbeHO .• YXBaTHBIllH ce nOTOM y KOIllTau C THM
CllooeHU ce CAOBeHHMa, 3aje)]'HO C 'IHTaBOM CBOjOM BOjCKOM, AAeKcaH­
nOmYK;y c
)],ap H3rytSH MHoro lbY)],H, )],OK HenpHjaTelbHMa HaHece TeK
AneK;Cafi.0p0.M
MaAO IllTeTe. YBH)],BIllH )],a HX AAeKcaH)]'pOBa BojcKa, Hao-<
Be.Jtu K:UM.
pY::>KaHa CBaKaKBHM OpY::>KjeM, npHTHCKa ca CBHX CTpaHa,
CAOBeHH ce no CBOM otSH'Iajy nOBYKOIlle y YHYTpaIllI:hOCT
CapMaTHje. ]la je HeKO nO::>KeAHO 3atSeAe::>KHTH 0)], nO'IeTKa
CBa H.HXOBa )],eAa y CapMaTHjH, nAeMeHHTe H CAaBHe no)],­
BHre Koje nO,ll,y3eIlle H Koje cpehHO H ycneIllHo npHBe)],OIlle
Kpajy, BepyjeM )],a My He tSH tSHO )],OBOlbaH 'IHTaB ::>KHBOT.
Clloeefi.u Taj paTotSopHH CAOBeHCKH Hapo)], HHje MHpOBao HH TpeHyT­
oO.J!a3e U3 Ka, Beh CTpeMehH YBeK HajtSolbeM, OMY'IH HanYCTHTH cap­
Cap.Mamujen MaTCKe nyCTOIllH. 3aITyTHBIllH ce, pa3)],eAHIlle ce Ha )],Ba
ooe.Jtuew.u ce
)],eAa. Je)],HH O)],OIlle Ha ceBep H 3anoce)],HYIlle otSaAe BaA­
H.a oea Oe.J!a,
jeoaH oeo TH'IKOr Mopa, KaKO nHIlle ]laBH)], XHTpeyc y 3. KH.H3H 0
1bUX3anO­ CacKoj, r)],e OBaKO nHIlle: BaATH'IKO Mope 3anO'IHI:he 0)], Ay­
ceoH.e ol5a.ne Ke i\HtSeK, KO)], yIllha peKe ]lpaBe [AatSej, H npOTe::>Ke ce )],Be
BanmuliK:Oz
CTOTHHe ne)],eceT repMaHCKHX MHlba H3Meljy HeMa'IKe,
.Mopa.
IlpycKe, AHBoHHje, PyCHje H otSaAe HacynpoT ]laHcKoj,
rOTCKe H <PHHCKe, CBe )],0 BHtSopra. XeHeTH, O)],HOCHO
116
BeHe)]'H, Koje repMaHH 30BY BHHH)l,eH, a l1TaAHjaHH CAaBH, Tepe.Mafi.u
)],OK ce KO)], Hac Ha3HBajy TaKolje BaH)]'aAHMa, 3anoce)],HY­ 30ey Clloeefi.e
Ille 'IHTaB Taj )],eo BaATH'IKOr npHMopja. JOXaH ABeHTHH y BtmOefi..
C.J!oeefi.CK;U fi.a­
4. KH.H3H Ka::>Ke: KpajeBH y OAH3HHH BeHe)],HjcKor Mopa Ha­ poo U3Y3emHe
celbeHH cy lbY)],HMa BeAHKe CypOBOCTH, O)],HOCHO ECTHjUHMa cypooocmu U
H )],pyrHM CAOBeHCKHM HapO)l,HMa Ha jyry. 11ToAeMej naK y ee.JtUttUHe.
3. KH.H3H, 5. norAaBlbY, Ka::>Ke: BeHe)],H, Hapo)], H3Y3eTHe Be­ Befi.eOu fi.apoo
U3Y3emHe
AH'IHHe, )]'p::>Ke BeAHKH )],eo CapMaTHje AY:>K ueAora BeHe­ ee.JtUliUfi.e.
)],HjcKor 3aAHBa. Ho, 0 THM heMo CAoBeHHMa BeHe)]'HMa ro­ 16
BOpHTH KacHHje, Ka)l. 3a TO )]'olje BpeMe. ]lpyrH )],eo CAoBe­ )1pyzu oeo
Ha, KOjH ce tSejaxy 3anyTHAH Ha jyr, 3anOCe)l,He otSaAe Jly­ C.J!ooeHa3a­
noceaHe ol5a.ne
HaBa. IloKYIllaIlle nOTOM OCBOjHTH H PHMCKO UapCTBo, JI.YHaea U no­
CTaAHO nycToIlleliH H.eroBe 3eMlhe H nOKpajHHe, KOHa'IHO K;Yw.a oceoju­
MHore 0)], H.HX H nOKopHIlle, KaKO nHIlle IlpoKonHje H3 Ue­ mu TPttK;O
capeje, npBH KOjH je, KOAHKO ja 3HaM, nHcao 0 THM CAOBe­ Uapcmeo.
JIpoK;onuje U3
HHMa H 0 paToBHMa Koje cy BO)],HAH C PHMlhaHHMa. Y npBoj Uecapeje npeu
KH.H3H 0 rOTHMa, HaHMe, OBaKO nHIlle 0 CAOBeHHMa: Y Me­ je nucao 0
IjYBpeMeHY MapTHH H BaAepHjaH )],oljoIlle BeAH3apy Bo)],e­ oe.JtU.Ma u
hH ca COtSOM XHlba)l,y IlleCTO BojHHKa, Meljy KojHMa cy Be­ pamoeU.Ma
C.J!ooeHa.
hHHa tSHAH XyHH, CAoBeHH H AHTH, KOjH ::>KHBe C OHe CTpa­ C.J!ooeHU ce
He JlyHaBa, He)],aAeKO 0)], pe'IHe otSaAe. CHARO ce otSpa­ noa 3anoeea­
)]'OBaBIllH H.HXOBOM )],OAacKY, BeAH3ap OMY'IH nOTyhH ce C HUW.mBO.M Be­
HenpHjaTelbeM. Y )],pyroj naK KH.H3H: BeAH3ap HaCTojaIlle .J!U3apa 60pe y
I1ma.JtUju npo­
(Ka::>Ke ce )],albe) Ha CBaKH Ha'IHH 3apOOHTH HeKora 0)], mueToma.
HenpHjaTelbcKHX jYHaKa, KaKO tSH My Taj nOCBe)],O'IHO y Be.JtU3ap UCK;a­
IllTO ce TO BapBapH Y3)]'ajy, Ka)], nO)],Hoce TaKO TeIllKe He­ 3yje ee.JtuK;y
BOlbe. ]lOK ce BeAH3ap tSaBHO TOM MHIlllbY, BaAepHjaH My paoocm360z
oO.JtaCK;a Clloe­
ooeha )],a he ce notSpHHYTH 3a TO, tSy,ll,yhH )],a y H.eroBoj Hay
'IeTH HMa CAOBeHa BH'IHHX npHKpHBaH.y H3a KaKBor KaMe­ I1ma.Jtujy.
Ha HAH rpMa, )],a tSH TaKO H3 3ace)],e 3apotSHAH Kora ro)]' ::>Ke­
Ae H3 HenpHjaTelbcKHX pe)],OBa, y 'IeMY tSejaxy CTeKAH HC­ C.J!OeeHU epJw
eew.mu y
KYCTBO H Ha JlyHaBY, r)],e cy HM tSopaBHIllTa, H y PHMY nocmaeJba1bY
npoTHB )],pyrHx BapBapa. BeAH3ap, )],aKAe, tSy,ll,yhH )],a My 3aceae..
ce Ta tSece)],a CHAHO cBH)],eAa, CMeCTa 3anOBe)l,H BaAepHjaHY
)],a ce notSpHHe )],a ce TO H3Be)],e. OBaj Ta)l.a H3atSpa je)],Hora
CAOBeHa KOjH je CTaCOM H cHaroM Ha)],MaIllHBaO MHore,
OCHM Tora H3pa3HTO xpatSap H BpAO BeIllT y TOMe, Te ra
nOCAa He tSH AH YXBaTHO Kojer HenpHjaTelha H )],OBeo My ra,
a 3aY3BpaT MY otSeha tSp)]'a H )],OAHHe, caMO )],a ycneIllHo H3­
BpIllH 3a)l.aTaK. Taj CAoBeH, )],aKAe, KpeHYSIllH JOIll npe
CBHTaH.a, nonHe ce Ha tSper r)],e cy ce CBaKO)l,HeBHO BO)],HAe
tSoptSe KaKO tSH ce nOKOCHAa TpaBa 3a xpaHy KOH.HMa, Te
AeraBIllH Ha 3eMlbY H nOKpHBIllH ce TpH.eM, OCTa TaKO
CKpHBeH. Ka)]' Beh tSeIlle CBaHYAO, je)]'aH rOT )],olje )],a ca­ 17
KYnH TPaBY H, He cAYTehH onaCHOCTH H3 IllHKape r)],e ce
CAoBeH cKpHBao, norAe)],aBaIlle 'IeCTO )],oAe npeMa nOlbY )],a
ra KOjH HenpHjaTelb He tSH )],OIllao yrpatSHTH. Ta)l.a v"vo'"n,
H3aIllaBIllH H3 3ace)],e, O)],Max 3aCKO'IH rOTa CTpara, oorpAH
117
 r
ra rro cpe,nHHH, rro,nHrHe Ha pYKe, Te ra CMeCTa o,nHece y
JYHarumso
jeoHoz PHMCKH Ta60p H rrpe,na BaAepHjaHY. A y Tpenoj KlbH3H: Ee­
C!!ooeHa. llIe, Ka:>Ke, Ha JycTHHHjaHoBY ,nBOPY 'lOBeK H3 lberOBor
po,na rro HMeHY XHAAH6Hje, MyJK CTBapHo HCKYcaH H BelliT
y paToBalbY, KOjH rrpe3Hpallie HOBau: ,no Te Mepe ,na CMa­
Tpallie CaMora ce6e rrpe60raTHM CBHMe, HaKO HHje HMao
HHr,ne HH'lera. l.{eTBpTe ro,nHHe cBoje BAa,naBHHe u:ap ra
rrOCTaBH 3a Ha'leARHKa 'lHTaBe TpaKHje 3a Ha,n30P JlyHaBa,
C!!ooeHU HaHO- KaKO 6H ra llITHTHO TaKO ,na ra BapBapH y6y,nyne He MOry
ce SeJLU/cy rrpenH. ITpe TOra, HaHMe, KaKO XYHH, TaKO H AHTH H CAO-
ruTTlEmy BeHH, rrpera3HBllIH peKY 6ejaxy HaHeAH PHMlbaHHMa HerrO­
JJ:;;:::::;
rrpaBlbHBe llITeTe. O,n Tor ,no6a, MeOYTHM, XHAAH6Hje 3a,na J1aKo CHARO rrOHOCHH H OKPyTHH, HrraK cy jaKo rrOlliTOBaAH
BapBapHMa TOAHKO CTpaxa, ,na TOKOM TpH ro,nHHe lberOBe
yrrpaBe HHje,naH BapBapHH HHje Morao rrpenH peKY H
. HarraCTH PHMlbaHe; llITaBHllIe, XHAAH6Hje je ca CBOjHM
Xwu'Ju6uje
llapes' PHMlbaHHMa, rrpera3HBllIH peKY MHoro IIyTa, HceKao Ha
3anooeOHUIC KOMa,ne 6e36poj BapBapa, a MHore je 3apo6Ho H o,nBeo y
nomYlieH U po6lbe. ITa H rraK, HaKOH TpH ro,nHHe rrpoBe,neHe C OHe
y6ujeH 00 CTpaHe JlyHaBa ca llIa'lHU:OM lby,nH, HacpHy Ha lbera 'lHTaB
C!!ooeHa.
Hapo,n CAOBeHCKH. 3aMeTHyalliH 6oj, XHAAH6Hje rrorH6e
C!!ooeHU
3aje,nHo C MHorHM PHMlbaHHMa. HaKOH Tora, 3aBa,nHllIe ce
ca6Jlaoajy
AHme. AHTH H CAoBeHH, Te ce Ha Kpajy H rroTYKollIe, rrpH 'leMY cy
CJlOOeHU cy AHTH rro6eOeHH. no,naje rrOTOM H Ka:>Ke: Hapo,noM aHTCKHM
JlCUSeJLU Y
H CAOBeHCKHM He yrrpaBlba, MeOyTHM, je,naH je,nHHH 'lOBeK,
cseHapooHoj
CJl.06oiJu. Ben o,n ,naBHHHe Taj Hapo,n )KHBH y CBeHapo,nHoj H CBeorr­
llITOj CAo6o,nH, Te 0 CBeMY, 6HAO ,na ce pa,nH 0 'leMY
KOPHCHOM HAH KOjHM cAyqajeM TelliKHM, Benajy CBH 3aje.n:­
18 HO. C Be OCTaAO Je . Je,nHaKO
. H caCBHM CAH'lHO y 0 6a Hapo,na.
Y ruma sepyjy OCHM TOra, 3aKOH THX BapBapa HaAa:>Ke, a rrpeU:H lbHXOBH
CJlOSeHu.. HX yqe ,na Meoy CBHM 6oroBHMa Bepyjy y rpOMOBHHKa Kao
je,nHHora rocrro,napa CBHX CTBapH, ,na My )KpTByjy rOBe,na H
CJlOSeHU ce He
y30ajy y
. '
,npyre :>KHBOTHlbe, a ,na ce HH Ha KOJH Ha'lHH He Y3,naJY y'
­ )Ke: Y TO BpeMe CAOBeHCKa BojcKa C He BHllIe o,n TpH XHlba­
Cy06UHY. cy,n6HHY, rra TBp,ne KaKO OHa HeMa HHKaKBe MonH Ha,n
lby,nHMa. Ho 6y,nynH ,na HM o,n 60AeCTH y KYnH HAH rraK y
paTy rrpeTH CMPT, .n:y:>KHH cy rro 3aKoHY, aKO KOjHM CAy­
CJlOOeHC/cu 'lajeM 03,npaBe, 'lHM H36erHY CMPTHOj orraCHOCTH, HCrryHH-
TH 3aBeT H o6enalba H rrpHHeTH )KPTBY, Te 'lBpCTO Bepyjy
ICyJlmoSU.
,na cy 3axBalbyjynH )KpTBaMa o3,npaBHAH. OCHM Tora, rrOllI­
Tyjy lliYMe H BHAe C ,npyrHM ,neMOHHMa, KojHMa rrpHHoce
C!!ooeHU uoy y )KpTBe H TOKOM )KpTBoBalba H3pHQY rrpOpO'laHCTBa. )KHBe
pam YZJUlSHOM y AOllie carpaheHHM ja,nHHM KOAH6aMa, Ha BeAHKoj y,nalbe­
/Ca0 n e w a l l U . '
o . HOCTH Je,nHe o,n ,npyre, a 'leCTO MelbaJY.
rrpe 6 HBaAHllITe, Ka­
'PYJICje
C!!ooeHa.
. 6
KO Je 0 H'laJ.
. Y n .
paTy Be HHOM rrellIaU:H H,ny Ha HerrpHJaTe­
CJlOOeHU cy lba, HapyJKaHH llITHTOM H KorrlbHMa; He Hoce OKAorr, a HeKH
BUCO/cu U 'laK HH o,neny, HOBY HAH rroxa6aHY, Hero rrAalliTeBe KOjH
seJlUICe TTIE­
HM ,noce)K)' ,no 6e,napa: TaKBH cToje HacrrpaM HerrpHjaTelba.
JleCHe cHaze.
Je3HK HM je BapBapCKH, a CTaCOM ce Meoyco6HO He pa3AH­
KYjy, jep CBH cy BpAO BHCOKH H BeAHKe TeAeCHe CHare. lliTO
118
ce rryTH H 60je Koce TH'le, HHCY HH rrpeTepaHo HH caCBHM
PHOH, ,nOK HHrrOlliTO HHCY u:pHOMalbaCTH, Hero HrraK
HarHlbY pHOeM. )KHBOT je lbHXOB BpAO Te)KaK H ,nHBlbH H, JKueomUMje
meJICaIC.
Kao KO,n MacareTa, Ha MaAOj je u:eHH; xpaHe ce HeYKYCHOM
H He'lHCTOM xpaHOM. ITa HrraK, HHCY 3AOHaMepHH, HHTH Hucy ona/CU ..
orraKH. Ka,n HaHoce llITeTe, xapajy H IIlba'lKajy, 'lHHe TO
rrorrYT XYHa. Y ,naBHHHH cy CAOBeHH H AHTH HOCHAH CAH­ 4peeHo UMe
CJlOOeHa Ha
'laH Ha,nHMaK, jep CTapH HX rrp03Ballie CrropH, llITO 3Ha'lH ZPliICOM..
pa3aCyTH, CTora llITO, KaKO MHCAHM, )KHBlbaxy o,nBojeHo
CBaKH 3a ce6e y CBOjOj KOAH6H. J1Majy MHOro 3eMlbe, rroIIyT
OHHX KOjH cy HaCCelbaBaAH KpajeBe C OHe cTpaHe JlyHaBa.
19
cBoje CBellITeHHKe. 0 BepH OBHX AHTa rrHllIe JepeMHja Pyc
C!!ooeHu jaICo
norumyjy ceoje
y MOCKOBCKOM lbeTorrHCY, Te Ka:>Ke ,na, H3MeOY OCTaAHX ceeruTTlEHUlCe.
6oroBa, rrOlliTOBaxy H,nOAa rro,n 'lHjHM HoraMa Ae)Kaxy je,n­
Ha lby,nCKa H je,nHa AaBlba rAaBa, ,nOK OH Y ,necHoj PYU:H ,np­
JaIC060z UOOJl
)KH CTpeAY, a y AeBoj cpe6pHY KYrAy. 3BaAH cy ra JaKo6or. AHma.
O,nHOCHO jaKH Eor. Tpe6a ra pa3AHKoBaTH o,n H,nOAa Koje
rrOlliTOBaxy CAOBeHH. 0 OBHMa rrOCAe,nlbHMa, ITpoKorrHje y
3. KlbH3H Y HaCTaBKY Ka:>Ke: Y TO ,no6a CAOBHHCKa BojcKa, CJlOeeHU
rrpellIaBllIH JlyHaB, HaHece BeAHKe llITeTe H TelliKe HeBOlbe HaHoce ruTTlE­
CBeKOAHKHM J1AHpHMa CBe ,no npa'la. neo lbHX caceKOllie my liUmaeOM.
Ha KOMa,ne, a ,npyre, Koje cy MorAH, He o6a3HpynH ce Ha HJlupuICy.
rrOA HH Ha Y3paCT, 3apo6HllIe, Te ce, o,nHocenH HM CBY
HMOBHHY, rrocBy,na rrOKa3axy HeH3MepHO OKpYTHHMa. 3ay­
3ellIe rrOTOM y OHHM KpajeBHMa MHora CHa:>KHa yrropHllITa,
Te xapajynH YHaOKOAO, KaKO HM je Ben 6HAO rro BOlbH, CBe
Orrlba'lKallie. J1AHPCKH KHe)KeBH, rrpeM,na CKYrrHllIe MHO­
llITBO o,n rreTHaeCT XHlba,na 6opau:a H rrpeM,na KpeHYllie
CMeCTa CAe,nHTH Tpar HerrpHjaTelbeB, He Moraxy ce HHKaKO
O,nBa:>KHTH ,na My ce H rrpH6AH)Ke. A Ha ,npyroM MeCTy Ka­
,ne paTHHKa, rrpellIaBllIH JlyHaB C AaKonOM H He HaHllIaB­
llIH HH Ha KaKaB OTrrop, pa3,neAH ce Ha ,nBa ,neAa, CBaKH C
XHlba.n:y rreTCTO 6opau:a. 3arrOBe,nHHU:H pHMCKe BojcKe, C!!oeeHU no­
myICy pUMcICe
YXBaTHBllIH ce C lbHMa y KOllITau:, HeKH y J1AHPHKY, a HeKH eojclCe.
y TpaKHjH, 6y,ny y 6HU:H rroTyqeHH H rroy6HjaHH C MHoro
CBOjHX lby,nH. ITpe)KHBeAH ce crraCHllIe 6eKCTBOM. Ey,nynH
,na TH 3arrOBe,nHHU:H rra,nOllie y 6HU:H o,n PYKe BapBapa,
6pOjHO 3HaTHO cAa6HjHx, 6HBllIH u:apeB 0pyJKap Ac6a,n, a
Ta,na 3arrOBe,nHHK je,nHe KOlbH'lKe 'leTe, CYK06H ce C je,nHOM
BapBapCKOM 'leTOM. ITOlliTO lberoBH lby,nH 6ejexy HaTepaHH Ac6am nomy­
y 6eKCTBO H y6HjeHH, OH )KHB rra,ne y pYKe HerrpHjaTelbHMa. lieH 00 CJloee­
CAOBeHH My C Aeoa o,npallie KO)K)' y TpaKe H 6aU:HllIe ra Ha U CnQJbeH.
)KHBOra y BaTpy. HaKOH Tora, CAOBeHH Orrlba'lKallie CBe 20
CJlOeeHU oceo­
llITO HM ,nooe rro,n PYKY CBe ,no rrpHMopja H 3aY3ellIe TaKOoe
je npUMopc/CU
H rrOMopCKH rpa,n. J1 rrope,n lberoBe CHa:>KHe BojHe rroca,ne zpao PuM.cICOZ
H yrrpKoc TOMe llITO 6ellIe rrpeCTOHHu:a CBHX rpa,nOBa Ha Uapcmea.
119
 MOPY, Yll.aIbeHa Oll. KOHcraHTliHOn01b8. ll.BaHaecr ll.aHa ny­
Ha Haj60lbu Morynli HaqUH crrpeMHo 3a 6y.zr.yhe paToBaae,
Ta; a OCBojliwe rpa..n. AYKaBcrBOM. MHom cy ce BapBapli,
CAoBeHli y 6pojy BeneM Hero UKa..n. paHuje rrpeoowe ,llyHaB
HaliMe, CaKpliAli OKO rpa..n.CKliX SliMHa li Ha TeWKO ll.0­
cTynHliM MeCTliMa, ll.OK HeKOAliu.liHa aliX, np06liBWli ce ll.0
Oll.BOjliAli Oll. OCTaAliX U AYTaxy OHUM KpajeBliMa, rra..n.owe y Hanaoajy
liCTOqimx rpa..n.CKliX BpaTa, sa..n.aBawe TeWKe MYKe PliMlba-
PYKe PHMlbaHliMa. OBli liX rroll.Bprowe MyqeauMa li liC­ Pu.iH.JbaHe.
PamHO HliMa paSMeWTeHliM Ha 0ll.6paHli Slill.liHa. CTora BOjHliU.li
rrUTUBaaUMa He 6u Ali ll.03HaAH pa3Aor rrpeAaCKa ,llyHaBa.
J!yrcaecmeo liS noca..n.e CMeWTeHe y rpa.zr.y, He nOMliCAliBWli ll.a 6li Bap-
CAOBeHU U3ll.p:lKawe, TBpll.enU ll.a Hli 3601' qera ll.pyror
CltoeeHa. Bapa MorAO 6liTli Bliwe Hero WTO ce Blill.li, AaTliwe ce Oll.­
Max opy.lKja Te, HaBaAHBWli CliAOBliTO liS rpall.a, HacpHyna
ce PHMlbaHli OCMeAliWe li KpeHywe y nOTjepy sa aliMa,
Yll.aIbyjyl'm ce Oll. rpa..n.a. Ta..n.a BapBapli KOjli cy qeKaAH y
saCell.aMa liCKOqe liSHeHa..n.a npell. PHMlhaHe y nOTepli 3a
aliXOBliM ll.pyroBliMa, npeceKowe liM nYT li MaqeBliMa liX
CBe ll.0 jell.Hor nOceKowe. Y jypliWY HacpHywe saTliM Ha
rpa..n.. fpaoaHli, YBlill.eBWli ll.a cy liX BOjHliU.li HanycrliAli li
He 3Hajyhli WTO ll.pyro ll.a qliHe, ySMy BeAliKe KOAli'-IliHe
CMOAe, nOMewajy je C YlbeM li nycre ll.a saKlinli Ha BaTpli,
Te je 6au.e Ha HenplijaTelbe KOjli cy ce neaaAH ys 3lill.liHe.
3aClinaxy liX ys TO TaKBOM KliWOM KaMeaa, ll.a Ha Taj
HaqliH roTOBO li36erowe norli6lijy. Ho, CAOBeHli liX nOTOM
HaTepawe ll.a ce nOByKY C 6ell.eMa. craAHO Oll.anliayl'm Ha
aliX CTpeAe, Te npliCAOHliBWli Mepll.eBliHe 0 3lill.liHe. npli
CJ!oeeHuno6ujy npBOM HaAeTY saY3MY rpa..n. li n06lijy neTHaecr Xlilha..n.a lby­
nemHaecm •
xwoaoa JbyOu. ll.li, OnlhaqKaJY CBe :lKHBO, a ll.euy li :lKeHe Oll.Be.zr.y y pon­
crBO. OCliM Tora, jow Oll. caMora nOqeTKa Ka..n. cy noqeAli
jypliwaTli Ha pliMCKe 3eMlbe, HliCY WTell.eAli HliKora, 6e3
063lipa Ha yspacT, y6lijajyhli CBaKora Ha Kora 6li HaMWAli,
Y TOAliKOM 6pojy ll.a 3eMlba HAlipa li TpaqaHa 6ejawe npe­
KpliBeHa HecaxpaaeHliM TeAliMa. Ha Kora 6li HaMWAli, He
6u ra MaqeM, KonlbeM liAli KOjOM ll.pyroM Oll. y06liqajeHliX
Bpcra opy.lKja YCMPTUAli, Hero sa6lijajyhli y seMlbY saWli­
21 lbeHO KOlbe, Ha aliX 6u Ha60Ali 6ell.He CMpTHliKe npOBAaqe~ <
hu BPX OWTpor KOAIJ.a Oll.OSll.O KpOS crUll.He ll.eAOBe TeAa U
rypajyhli ra CBe ll.O y YTp06y, Te 6u liX TaKO CTaBlbaAli Ha
Ha'!:uH.MytteH:>a BeAliKe MyKe. llpOHaWAli cy jow jell.HY BPCTY MY'-Ieaa. Ha
KOjU cy ll3.M.UC- 6 6 .
J!UJ!U CltoaeHU. qeTUPli BeAUKe MOTKe ll.0 pO sa uJeHe y seMlhy npliBesaTu
6li Hore li pyKe p060Ba, Koje 6u saTliM 6aTliHoM Yll.apaAH
no rAaBU Kao ll.a ce paM 0 ncy liAli 3MlijU, CBe ll.OK OHli He
6li y BeAliKliM MYKaMa yMpAli. ,Upyre 6li rraK, Koje 3601'
crapocru liAli KaKBe ll.pyre CMeTH>e He 6li MOrAli ca C060M
rroBecrli, 3aTBOpliAli y KaKaB cKYT.JeH npocrop sajell.HO C
roBell.UMa li oBu.aMa, Te 6li liX TaMO CnaAliAli 6e3 TpyHKe
CaMliAOcrli. lloy6lijaBwu TaKO CBe Ha Koje 6u HaliWAli,
CAoBeHu ce KOHaqHO Meoyco6HO 3aBa..n.liwe, Te ce onlijeHu
MopeM rrpOAliBeHe KpBli BpaTuwe CBOjliM ll.OMOBliMa npe­
nyaeHli cBaKoBpcHliM nAeHOM. HewTO ll.aIbe ll.Oll.aje: Y
MeOYBpeMeHY, ll.OK fepMaH 6ejawe saoKYnlheH npuKYrrlba­
aeM 6opau.a li rrplinpeMaMa He 6li Ali CBe rroTpe6HO 6liAO
120
CJ!oeeHU
U ll.OOowe ll.0 Haucyca [HliW]. HeKOAliu.uHa aux, KOjli cy ce npe.rta3e
J!YHae u
Hacmoje
HliCY ll.OWAli Y Te KpajeBe, Hero li3 :lKelbe ll.a 3aysMy rpall. 3aY3emu
COAYH li 06Ali:lKH>a Mecra. ,U03HaBWU TO, u.ap y BeAliKOM COJ!YH.
crpaxy rrpell. crpawHoM onacHowny rrOCAa fepMaHY nliCMO
y KOMe ra MOAli ll.a O,l.l/l.O:lKli rrYT Y HTaAujy li ll.oOe y nOMon
COAYHY li ll.pyrliM rpa..n.OBliMa Te rroKpajliHe li .n.a CBliM
CHaraMa Oll.6lije CAOBeHCKe Harrall.e. fepMaH ce Tall.a, O,l.l/l.O­
:lKliBWli CBe OCTaAO, 3aycTaBli TaMO rll.e ra 3aTeKowe u.ape­
Ba rrUCMa. CAOBeHli, orroMeHYTli Oll. po60Ba KaKO ce fep­
22
MaH HaAaSli y Capll.liu.li CliAHO ce npena..n.owe, jep fep­
MaHOBO UMe 6ejawe KOll. aliX Ben Ha rAacy. HaliMe, rro­
qeTKOM BAa..n.aBliHe aeroBor CTpliU.a JycruHlijaHa, AHTli,
KOjli cy 6AliCKli CAOBeHUMa, rrpera3liwe ,llyHaB y BeAliKOM
6pojy Te Hana..n.owe pliMCKe seMlhe. a fepMaH, KOjli je
KpaTKO npe TOra liMeHOBaH npecPeKTOM TpaKlije, YXBaTli
ce ca aUMa y KowTau. li rrOTYKaBWli liX ll.0 KOHaqHOr rro­
pa3a, roTOBO liX CBe noy6lija. 3axBaIbyjynu TOj rr06ell.li
creqe BeAliKY CAaBY U UMe ce aerOBO rrpoqy MeOY CBUM
CMPTHuu.UMa. a HapOqUTO Meoy BapBapUMa. OHU, ll.aKAe,
Y3ll.PMaHU CliAHliM CTpaxOM Oll. fepMaHa li Bep~ynli ll.a
BOM ca C060M BeAliKY BOjCKY, rrorrYT OHe KOjy u.ap 6ejawe
rrOCAao y HTaAHjy npOTUB TOTliAe U ll.pyrliX fOTa, OHUM
nYTeM KOjli BOM PaBHO Y COAYH, cMecra 3aKpeHYwe Ha
ll.PYry crp~, ITa KaKO ce HliKa..n.a HliCY 0ll.Ba:lKUAli Clinu y
PaBHliUY, np0ll.pewe Y 'uaAMau.lijy, rrpewaBWU HAliPCKO
CJ!OBeHU
ropje. OHli CAOBeHU, KOjli y rrpowAocrli HarraAli u.apeBe npoOupyy
3eMlbe, a sa aliMa U ll.pyru uere Hap0ll.Hocru, rrpera3uwe J!a.J1.MQ1,&ujy U
,llYHaB li cMecra ce nplill.py.lKliwe OHliMa KOjli MaAO npe cee l1JbattKajy.
Tora y CliAHOj pasYSll.aHocrli npoKpcrapliwe 'uaAMaU.lijOM,
xapajynu li nlhaqKajynli. MHoru MliCAe ll.a je TOTliAa Te TOmuAa
BapBape nOll.MliTliO BeAliKOM KOAliqliHOM HOBu.a li nOCAao noo.Muhyje
UX y TY PUMCKY nOKpajliHy, ca u.lilheM ll.a oHeMorynli u.apa CltoeeHe.
ll.a y6y.zr.yne TaKO AaKO sapaTli rrpOTliB fOTa, nOWTO je 6liO
npuculbeH ll.a n0ll.eAli cBoje CHare li o./lYnpe ce CAoBeHliMa.
,Ua Ali cy OHli ll.OWAli Ha TOTUAliHY MOA6y, liAli rraK cBoje­
BOlbHO, He 3HaM 0 TOMe HliWTa WTO 6liX ca ClirypHowny
Morao TBPll.liTli. CAoBeHcKa BojcKa, ll.aKAe, rrOll.elbeHa Ha
Pa3apajy
Tpli ll.eAa, Oll. KOjux CBaKU KpeHY Ha ll.pyry crpaHY, nOqliHli LUUPaM
y EBponu HeHa..n.oKHa..n.liBe WTeTe. He nlhaqKaxy, HaMMe, Eepone.
KaKO je 06liqaj, yna..n.ajynli y Hacelba U Oll.HOCenU ITAeH,
Hero ce saycraBuwe npe3UMUTli KaO ll.a cy KOll. cBoje KYne,
HUMaAO He crperrenu rrpell. HenpujaTelbeM. U,ap 3aTO nOCAa
121
 Ha IbliX 6HpaHY BOjCK)' no,Z:( 3anOBe,Z:(HHIlITBOM, H3Meoy OC­
TaAHX, KOHCTaHTHHa. Apall.Hja H Ha3apa, KaO H CBOjHX Ha­
23 MeCHHKa JYCTHHa H JOBaHa. CBHMa lhHMa nOCTaBH Ha
qeAO reHepaAa, HeKor CXOAaCTHKa EBHyxa. TaKO ypeoeHa
BojcKa O,Z:(Max cYCTHrHY ,Z:(eo CAOBeHa KO,Z:( XaJ(pHaHOnOAH­
ca, rpaJ(a CMeliiTeHor y YHYTpaIlIlhocTH TpaKHje Ha neT
,Z:(aHa nyTa o,z:( KOHCTaHTHHonolba. He MOraBIlIH KpeHYTH
Hanpe,Z:(, HHTH 3aoKpeHYTH y 'z:(pyrOM cMepy, a HocenH ca
C060M BeAHK IIAeH p060Ba, OBall.a H MHorHX ,Z:(pyrHX CTBapH
BeAHKe Bpe,Z:(HoCTH, 3aycTaBHIlIe ce Ha TOM MeCTY H yAOro­
pHIlIe ce Ha je,Z:(HOM 6pery, ,Z:(OK ce PHMlbaHH YAoropHIlIe y
paBHHll.H y 6AH3HHH HenpHjaTelba. 3aY3eBIlIH Taj nOAOJKaj,
CAOBeHH HaCT~axy HanH HaqHH ,Z:(a H3HeHa,Z:(a HanaJ(HY
PHMlbaHe. 1l0K TaKO H je'z:(Ha H ,Z:(pyra CTpaHa 'IeKa nOBy­
KaBIlIH ce H yKonaBIlIH ce, npooe MHOro BpeMeHa. PHM­
CKHM BojHHll.HMa 6eIlIe TO Ben ,Z:(OCaJ(HAO, Te 03AojeoeHH
nOKa3HBaxy BeAHKO HeCTpIIlbelhe. OnTylKHBaxy CTora JKe­
CTOKO cBoje HaqeAHHKe ,Z:(a HenpHjaTelb 06HAyje 3aAHXaMa,
,Z:(OK 3aIIOBe,Z:(HHll.H pHMCKe BojcKe yonliiTe He cHa6,Z:(eBajy
cBoje BojHHKe, KojH Tpne y He,Z:(OCTaTK)' CBera HYJKHora. H3
HCTor pa3Aora qeCTO rOBopaxy ,Z:(a 6H H npOTHB BOlbe
3anOBe,Z:(HHKa 3aMeTHYAH 60j C HenpHjaTelbeM. CYOqHBIlIH
ce C Y3jorylheHHM BojHHll.HMa, 3aIIOBe,Z:(HHll.H ce npOTHB
cBoje BOlbe cyK06e ca CAOBeHHMa. CpqaHO ce BojeBaAO, HO
Pw.ubaHU
nomyttel'tu 00
PHMlbaHH KOHa'IHO 6ejexy Ha,nja'IaHH H HaTepaHH y 6eK­ Ba, OBaKO nHIlIe: Y TO BpeMe, Ka,Z:(a ce PHMCKO UapCTBo Ha­
Cnoeel'ta. CTBO, a MHorH xpa6pH MYJKeBH naJ(OIlIe Y 6Hll.H. H caMHM
3anOBe,Z:(HHll.HMa 3anpeTH onaCHOCT ,Z:(a naJ(HY y PYKe
C.lI.ooeHU c e .
ootrenajy
6
HenpHjaTelbY, HO cnaCHIlIe ce eKCTBOM.
Y ' 6
TOj ce Hll.H
KOHCmal'tmUfW CAoBeHH ,Z:(OqenaIlIe KOHCTaHTHHOBa 3HaMelha, Te cA060'z:(­
ea 31'tQ.Me1ba. HO H.nynH YOKOAO KaKO HM je no BOlbH, noxapaIlIe ACTHK
On.JbatLajy (ACTHHr), KOjH je CBe ,Z:(OTaJ(a OCTao HeTaKHYT. nOxapaBIlIH
Acmwc.
CmWKY cee 00 ,Z:(aKAe H OnlbaqKaBIlIH CBe PHMCKO, CTHroIlIe H ,Z:(O MeCTa
i1oHZeMypa. AOHreMypa, y,Z:(albeHOr O,Z:( KOHCTaHTHHonOlba 'z:(aH rryTa HAH
qaK HeliiTO Malhe. Ho, y6p30 nOliiTO ce pHMCKa BojcKa ono­
paBHAa HaKOH 6eKCTBa H nOHOBHO ce oKYIIHAa, KpeHY 3a
24 CAOBeHHMa, Te HaCpHyBIlIH H3HeHaJ(a Ha ,Z:(eo lhHX, HarHa
HX y 6er, HeMaAO HX noy6HjaBIlIH H OCA060,Z:(HBIlIH pOnCTBa
Pw.ubaHU MHoro PHMlbaHa. PHMlbaHH nOTOM nOBpaTHIlIe H KOHCTaH­
noepame THHOBa 3HaMelha H3ry6lbeHa y 6Hll.H. CAoBeHH KOjH yTe­
u3zyl'ilbel'ta . HaojatLajy
31'tQ.Me1ba. KOIlIe 3aje,Z:(HO C ,Z:(pyrHMa H3 CBora Hapo,Z:(a, nOBYKoIlIe ce
CMeCTa y cBoje ,Z:(oMoBe. HaHoBo KpeHyaIlIH oTy,Z:(a y BeAH-
CnooeHU KOM 6pojy, HacpHyIlIe Ha HAHpe H HaHeIlIe HM TaKBe IlITe­
I{Ul'toce ee.nulCe Te, 'z:(a ce TO peqHMa He ,Z:(a onHcaTH. Uap nOCAa Ha lbHX
~;=a. BOjcK)' Koja, MeOYTHM, 6y.nynH 6pojHO 3HaTHO cAa6Hja, HH­
je MOrAa 3aMeTHYTH 6HTK)' HCTOra ,Z:(aHa, Hero KpeHY CAe,Z:(H­
TH HenpHjaTelba OC n03aJ(H, paHHBIlIH H YCMPTHBIlIH MHore
CAOBeHe H3 3aIlITHTHHll.e. HeKoAHll.HHY HX 3ap06HIlIe JKHBe
H nOCAaIlIe ll.apy y KOHCTaHTHHonolb. Ho ycnpKoc TOMe,
122
BapBapH HHCY caCBHM CnpeqeHH,Z:(a HaHecy BeAHKe IlITeTe.
TOKOM MHOro BpeMeHa y IIlbaqKH, cBy,Z:(a HcnYHHIlIe nyTeBe
MPTBHM TeAHMa, a KaKO ce He Ha.l.l:>KGe HHTKO TKO 6H HM ce
cynpoTCTaBHO, KOHa'IHO ce BpaTHIlIe K)'nH 3'z:(paBH H 'IH­
TaBH ca CBHM CBOjHM IIAeHOM. npH npeAacK)' JlyHaBa PHM­
lbaHH HM HHCy MOrAH nOCTaBHTH 3ace,Z:(e HHTH OTBopeHO HX
HanaCTH, jep 6H fenH,Z:(H npHTeKAH y nOMon H y 06paHY renuOu
caee3I'tUl&U
CBOjHX CAOBeHCKHX caBe3HHKa. Uap 6eIlIe jaKo HeCTpIIlbHB, C.lI.ooel'ta.
a HajBena My MyKa 6eIlIe HeMon ,Z:(a CnpeqH CAOBeHe ,Z:(a
npeAa3e JlyHaB, KOjH HHCy HH 360r qera ,Z:(pyror npeAa3HAH
Hero ,Z:(a IIlbaqKajy PHMCKO UapCTBO. 110 TaJ(a rOBopH npo­
KonHje 0 CAOBeHCKHM ynaJ(HMa y pHMCKe 3eMlbe H Hana­
,Z:(HMa Ha PHMlbaHe. CnOMHlhe TO TaKooe H BjOH1(O, HOBHjH
aYTop, aAH caBeCTaH HCTpaJKHBaq ,Z:(aBHHHe. OH, HaHMe,
HanHCaBIlIH HeKOAHKO peqH y L 1leKa1(H y KlhH3H 8, 'z:(o'z:(aje
3aTHM: HaKO fpryp BeAHKH He nHIlIe BHIlIe HHIlITa 0 TOj C.lI.Oeel'tu
npOBaAH H CAOBeHCKHM ynaJ(HMa y HCTPY, 3HaMO 3aCH­ xapajy
ryPHO ,Z:(a Taj Hapo,Z:( KOjH je, KaKO CMO nOKa3aAH, 60paBHO C I1cmpo.M.
OHe CTpaHe JlyHaBa H KojeM ce TaCT H CHH ll.apa MaBPH­
25
KHja 6ejexy cynpoTCTaBHAH, 3aY3e TaJ(a npBH nYT ,Z:(eCHY
06aAy JaJ(paHcKora Mopa H TaMO ce HaCTaHH, TaKO ,Z:(a CBe I1cmpa u
OHO IlITO ce paHHje 3BaIIIe HCTPOM H 1laAMall.HjOM, caJ(a j!a.JI.M.al&uja
Ha3HBaMO CAaBOHHjOM. Y cAe'z:(enoj KlhH3H, r'z:(e 06paoyje l'ta3eal'tu cy
C.lI.aeoHUjo.M.
,Z:(oral)aje H3 BpeMeHa ll.apa cl>oKe, HaCAe,Z:(HHKa MaBpHKHje­
IlIAO y HeBOlbaMa 360r 6yHa y A3HjH H ACPPHll.H, CAoBeHH,
3a Koje CMO Ben peKAH ,Z:(a cy ce 3aYCTaBHAH Ha 06aAaMa
HCTpe H 1laAMall.Hje, npOBaAHIlIe y 06AHJKlbe nOKpajHHe H C.lI.Oeel'tu
pa30pHIlIe CBe PHMCKO IlITO TaMO 3aTeKOIlIe. Y je'z:(HOM H3­ noy6ujajy
HeHaJ(aHOM jYPHIlIy noy6HjaIlIe CBe BojHHKe H3 nocaJ(a KO­ pu.MClCe
je je cI>oKa pa3MeCTHo 3a 3aIlITHTy, Te nOKopHIlIe CBe ,Z:(aA­ eojHUlCe u
3anoceol'ty
< MaTHHCKe H HAHpCKe nOKpajHHe y3 JaJ(paHCKO Mope. 3a j!a.JI.M.al&ujy u
pa3AHK)' O,Z:( HaBe,Z:(eHHX aYTopa, 1)HPOAaMO Bap'z:(H je 3a­ I1.l1.upux:.
6eAeJKHO BpeMe H ro,Z:(HHY CAOBeHCKHX noxo,Z:(a y TpaKHjH H
'BpeMe
HAHpHK)'. Y ,Z:(pyroM ,Z:(eAY nHIlIe ,Z:(a cy CAoBeHH 548. ro,Z:(H­
ClIOeel'tclCUX
He HanaAH 1laAMall.Hjy H npo,Z:(pAH CBe ,Z:(O 1lpa'Ia. fO,Z:(HHe I'tacpmaja I'ta
549. noxapaAH cy TpaKHjy, a 550, npeliiaBIlIH rp'IKe rpa-: j!a.JI.M.al&Ujy.
HHll.e, nOTyKAH TaMO ll.apeBY BOjCK)'. fO,Z:(HHe 552, Hanyc­ noxapajy
THBIlIH nOHOBHO cBoje 3eMlbe H YIIIaBIlIH Y MaKe,Z:(oHHjy, TpalCUjy.
HaHeAH cy TaMO HeH3MepHe IlITeTe, Te 3aYCTaBHBIlIH ce l&apeey
KOHaqHO Ha30BY no ce6H Te KpajeBe CAaBoHHjoM. fO,Z:(HHe eojclCy.
554. Ha,njaqajy 3anOBe,Z:(HHKe H OCTaTKe fOTa H OnlbaqKajy Oceoje
CHll.HAHjy, o,Z:(aKAe HX HCTepa fepMaH, 3anOBe,Z:(HHK BojcKe MalCeool'tujy.
On.Jba4.lC.ajy
ll.apa JYCTHHHjaHa. fO,Z:(HHe 585. npoKpCTape 3eMlbe CBe ,Z:(O Cul&U.lI.Ujy.
KOHCTaHTHHonOlba H OIIlbaqKajy 'IHTaBY TpaKHjy. nHIlIe
fpryp BeAHKH JOBHjy, HaMecHHK)' ll.apa MaBpHKHja y HAH­
pHK)', ,Z:(a 591, Tj. ce,Z:(Me rO,Z:(HHe MaBpHKHjeBe BAaJ(aBHHe,
CAoBeHH npeAa3e JlyHaB H rryCToIlIe HAHpHK. KaKO nHIlIe
123

B~enu npeo HaBe,n:eHR nana, lhy,n:R ce Ta,n:a, He 6R Ali R36erAli FbRXOBY
CJl.OOeHlLMa OKpyTHOCT, CKAOHe Ha OCTpBa. HCTe ro,n:RHe II.ap MaB­
Mnupu ce nooy- pRKRje ,n:RrHe BOjCKy Ha XYHe, KOjR JOJlI o,n: BpeMeHa BpAO
ICy Ha ocmpea.. KpyTHor Kpalba ATRAe HacelhaBaxy naHoHRjy ca OHe CTpa­
He ,lIyHasa. nOCAa C BOjCKOM TaCTa R CRHa, KOjR TaKO Ha­
26 MyqRJlIe XYHe, ,n:a cy OHR Ben pa3MRJlIlhaAIi,n:a ce BpaTe Ha
cBoja npBOTHa 60paBRJlITa. KOHaQHO oMyqRJlIe n03BaTR y
CnooeHu npu- '10. C . X
cICatty y nOM.On nOMOH cyce,n:He AOBeHe, KOJR y,n:py:aceHR C YHRMa Harp-
XYHlLMa. HYJlIe Ha PRMlhaHe R 3a,n:a,n:OJlIe RM TaKBe MYKe, ,n:a ce OBR
R Te KaKO qyBaxy ,n:RpeKTHor OKpJlIaja. CAe,n:ene ro,n:RHe
CAOBeHR y,n:apRJlIe Ha PRMCKO UapCTBO R HaHeCOJlIe My
Xapajy 3eM­
cRAlie JlITeTe, Te (KaKO nRJlIe AAecaH,n:po CKyATeTO y CBOM
JbOMCee 00
AeTonRCY) npOKpCTapRBJlIR nlhaqKajynR 3eMlhe CBe ,n:o
TpattICOZ TpaqKor Eocnopa, TaMO ce KOHaqHO 3aYCTaBRJlIe. MasPR­
BocljJopa. KRje 594. ro,n:RHe nOCAa Ha FbRX jaKy BOjCKy, HO (KaKo nR-
JlIe naBAe oaKoH y 18. KlbR3R R 30Hapa Ka,n: roBOPR 0 Ma­
BPRKRjy) 6R nopa:aceH. OjaqaBJlIR CBOjy BOjCKy, 3ano,n:eHe
60j C HenpRjaTelheM, Ha,n: KOjRM o,n:Hece KpBaBY n06e,n:y.
qeTRpR ro,n:RHe KacHRje, y,n:py:acemr C XYHRMa R ABapRMa,
BojcICa !lapa
Hana,n:OJlIe 3eMlhe PRMcKora UapcTBa. MaBpRKRje ,n:R:ace Ha
MaepuICuja lbRX BOjCKy no,n: 3anOBe,n:HRJlITBOM faAl!HRKa, Kora nOCAa
nopa;;ceHa 00 Ha MeCTO pRMCKe cpaMoTe, HO HR o,n: Tora He 6R HRKaKBe
CnoeeHa. nOMonR. IIlTa BRJlIe, CAOBeHR TRMe JOJlI BRJlIe pacpoeHR,
CnooeHu nOHOBHO yna,n:OJlIe y pRMCKe nOKpajRHe R TeK npRCK, KOjR
nomytteHu 00 6eJlIe KpeHYO Ha FbRX, o,n:Hece n06e,n:y. Ho CAOBeHR, RnaK
JIPUCKa. nOHOBHO OKynRBJlIR BOjCKy, npRTRCHYJlIe MaBpRKRja TaKO
,n:a ra (KaKO nRJlIY OaKOH y KlbR3R 18, 30Hapa R EjOH,n:O Y
3602 CJl.OeeHa
je !lap yeeIC
---
06YCTaBMJlIe 60p6e. BM,n:eBJlIM TO. Pa,n:OaA,n: O,n:Max HaBaAI! PoOOaA.O
Ha FbRX M 3aTeKaBJlIM RX HecnpeMHe, noy6Rja RX y Be­ u3HeHaoa
AMKOM 6pojy. npe)KRBeAli cy 6RA1i npMCMlheHR HanYCTMTR HaeaA.U Ha
fbtlX.
Te KpajeBe, HO Ha nOBpaTKy y ,llaAMaII.Rjy 3aTeKOJlIe ,n:a ce
rOTOBO II.eAa ,llaAMaII.Mja yje,n:RHRAa npOTRB FbRX R OKynRAa
CMARY BOjCKy Ha yJlIny HepeTBe, He 6R Ali MM CnpeqRAR
npRCTyn peII.M. CAOBeHM ce Ta,n:a npeTBapame )l.a ce xone
BpaTRTR Ha3a,n:, a ,llaAMaTRHII.R KpeHYJlIe 3a FbMMa, HO Ka,n:
ce cnyCTM Hon, M3ry6RJlIe MX R3 BM)l.a. CAOBeHR, CKAOHMB­
JlIR ce M3a KopqyAe, OCTaHY TaMO npMTajeHR qRTaBOr CAe­
,n:ener ,n:aHa, ,n:a 6R YBeqe MCnAOBRAM R3 AyKe M KpeHyAli
npeMa ,n:aAMaTRHCKRM 6po,n:OBRMa. HaKOH M3HeHa)l,aHor
CAOBeHCKor Hana,n:a, 3anO)l.eHY ce ,n:yra 6RTKa, a CAOBeHM
KOHaqHO opy:acjeM npOKpqRJlIe nyT, Te npo,n:peJlIe HepeT­
BOM CBe ,n:o MeCTa Koja cy Ben paHMje 3ay3eAli. 3aBAa­
,n:aBJlIR, )l.aKAe, HepeTBlhaHCKRM KpajeM, Kojer o,n: CTapRHe
Ha3Baxy HapOHa, nOCTaJlIe BeAliKa CRAa Ha MOPY M ,n:yro Mn.ettaHu nA.a­
3a,n:aBaxy MYKe MAeqaHMMa, KOjR 3aje,n:HO C ,llaAMaTRHII.R­ 1l.ajy oaHalC
Ma nAanaxy ,n:aHaK OBRM HepeTBlhaHCKRM CAOBeHMMa, Ka­ Hepem­
8JbaHCIClLM
KO y KlbR3M ,n:pyroj HaBO)l.M Ca6eARKO, MAeTaqKR nRCaII., CJl.OeeHU.Ma.
KOjR Ka:ace: MAeqaHR 3aje,n:HO C ,n:pyrMM ,llaAMaTRHII.RMa
nAahaxy ,n:aHaK HepeTBlhaHRMa, KOjM cy ce TOKOM CTO ce~
CnoeeHu ce
,n:aM,n:eceT ro)l.MHa C npOMeHlhRBOM cpenOM 60PMAIi C MAe­
cmo ceoa.M-­
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TOpRqap MAeTaqKR, y 1. KFbM3M Ka:ace: HepeTBlhaHM, Beq­ 60pe ca
HM, OXOAM R MpCKM HenpRjaTelhR MMeHa MAeTaqKOr, ,n:yro Mn.ettaHlLMa
Bo,n:RJlIe 60p6e y pa3HRM R qeCTO KpBaBRM 6MTKaMa C 3a npeeA.acm
HaM.Opy.

1. ,lleKa,n:R KlbR3R OCMOj) ,n:p:acaxy CTaAHO no,n: opy:acjeM. 3a­ MAeqaHRMa. nOTBpoyje TO R OYARO <papoA)l,O y MAeTaqKOM 28
nod 0PYJICjeM.
TRM ro,n:RHe 600. ro,n:RHe, ,n:OK cy XapaAR 3eMlbaMa Uap­ AeTOnRCY, Ka,n: Ka:ace: HepeTBlhaHR 3a,n:aBame MAeqaHRMa
CTBa, PRMCKR RM 3anOBe,n:HRII.R HaHeJlIe TeJlIKe nopa3e. Ho HeBOlhe roTOBO HenpeKR,n:HO TOKOM CTO ce,n:aM,n:eceT ro)l.M­
ycnpKoc TOMe 6RAO je ~HO (npeMa nRcalbRMa OaKOHO­ Ha. Eejexy TO CAaBOHII.M, Her,n:a 3BaHR CAOBeHM (CAaBRHR),
Uap 6u npucu-

JbeH ycmynu-
BRM R 30HapMHMM Ha nOMeHyTOM Mecry) ,n:a. ce II.ap 3a,n:0~ <
mu CnooeHlLMa BOlhR TRMe ,n:a MM ycrynR caMO HAlipRK, KOJR OHM nOTOM
HJl.UPUIC, ICoju Ha3Bame CAaBoHRjoM. ,lleo RX 3aY3e KpajeBe y3 Mope, ,n:py­
je 3amlLM rn lbRXOB ,n:eo ce 3anyTR y cMepy roplbe naHOHRje, ,n:OK
HrueaH
CJl.a80HUjO.M. OCTaAI! no,n: BO,n:CTBOM qexa R Aexa npo,n:peJlIe TaKooe R y
MOpaBCKy, qeJlIKy R nOlhCKy. OHR KOjR 3aY3eJlIe ,n:aAMa­
TRHCKe 06aAe He o,n:yCTajaxy, MeOYTRM, o,n: Tora ,n:a npo­
JlIRpe CBOjy BAaCT, Te FbRXOBa BojcKa 3a,n:a cRAlie MyKe He
caMO cyce,n:MMa, Hero qaK R Hajy)l.albeHMjMM Hapo,n:MMa. Ta­
KO 3a BpeMe BAa,n:aBMHe ApROaA,n:a, Kpalba AaHro6ap,n:CKor
CnoeeHu ca (KaKO nRJlIe naBAe oaKOH y Tpenoj KFbR3M, nOrAaBlhY 46.
eojclCo.M y~rue HCTopMje AaHro6ap)l.a), CAoBeHM oKynRJlIe cRAliY BOjCKy,
y AnYJl.27
uJY
yooJlIe y AnyARjy M yTa60pMJlIe ce KO,n: rpa,n:a MaH<ppe,n:o­
JIoprue PuOHea HRje. HacpHY TaMO Ha lbRX PMoHe, BojBo,n:a o,n: EeHeBeHTa,
eojeooy 00 HO 6R nopa:aceH M y 6RII.R R3ry6M :acRBOT. ,llOqYSJlIM TO,
BeHeeeHma. lberOB 6paT Pa,n:OaA,n: o,n:e CAOBeHMMa, npMjaTelhcKR RM ce
06paTM Ha lbRXOBOM je3MKy M ,n:OHeKAe RX yMRpR, Te OHR
124
KOjR (KaKO ce qRTa y KOHCTaHTRHonOlhCKMM KOMeHTapM­
Ma) HaMyqMJlIe TOKOM )l.yrRX rO)l.MHa HCTOqHO UapCTBO R Oceajajy HJl.u­
opy:acjeM OCBojMJlIe OHe FberoBe nOKpajRHe, Koje PMMlhaHR pUIC 0PYJICjeM.
Ha3RBaxy HARPMKOM R KOjR nOTOM no FbRMa ,n:06R RMe
CAaBoHRja. PaT M3Meoy HepeTBlhaHCKRX CAOBeHa M MAeqa­ Kaoa 3anOtte
Ha 3anOqe (KaKO ce 3aKlhyqyje R3 <papOA)l,OBa ,n:eAa) 3a pam U3.Me1Jy
HepemeJbaHa
BpeMe BAa,n:asRHe HBaHa napTMqRnaTMja, ~a MAeTaq­ U Mn.ettaHa.
Kor, JlITO ce no HRKOAli ,llOlhOHMjy 36R ro)l.RHe 829. Ha­
CAe)l.HRK lberOB neTap fpa,n:eHMKo CKAOnR MRp C HepeT­
BlhaHCKRM KRe30M MYRjCOM (MRcAaBoM). He,n:yro HaKOH Myujc
(MuCJl.ae) ICHe3
Tora HepeTBlhaHR pacKRHyllie MRp R Y BOjHOM noxo,n:y no­ HepemeJbaHa.
xapaJlIe 3eMlhe CBe ,n:o KaopAa, Te ~ nOCAa Ha FbRX CRA­
HY <pAOTY no,n: 3anOBe,n:HRJlITBOM CBor CRHa HBaHa, C KOjRM JI.YJICo JIemap
je ,n:eARO ~eBcKy qaCT, HO He no,n:y3e HRJlITa ,n:pyro. T'paoeHulCo
no6e1JeH 00
CAe,n:ene ro,n:RHe, KpeHYBJlIR Ha Mynjca C HOBOM <pAOTOM, HepemeJbaHa.
6R o,n: lbera nopa:aceH y nOMopcKoj 6RII.R y3 CTpaJlIHe
ry6RTKe 6po,n:OBa, Te ce BpaTR y BeHeII.Rjy ,n:a pacnyCTR
125
 ..,.....
Bewe mo 838. rroca,n;e. HHje rr03HaTO MeCTO r.n;e ce TO 36HAO, Hero caMO TO
zoouH.e. .n;a .ll.,Y)K.l( rropruKeH. He H3ry6Hlile MAeqaHH CaMO y TOM
C}'lw6y, Beh (KaKO KruKe ¢apOMO) H y MHorHM .n;pyrHMa
Koje rrOBe.n;OIIle TOKOM cAe.n;ehHX ro.n;HHa. nOIIlTO je y Be­
HeLI;HjH YHarrpeoeH y .ll.,Y)K.l(eBCKy qaCT neTap 1. KaH.n;HaHO,
H OH roTOBO O.n;Max 6H rrpHCHlheH 3rpa6HTH op)')Kje rrpOTHB
HepeTBlbaHa. Ho HCXO.n; He 6eIIle rrOBOlbaH rro Inera, KaKO
rrHIIle MHXO COAHInaHHH y pacrrpaBH 0 .llaAMaLI;HjH, r.n;e 0
HepeTr!8.!baH.­
CKU CJ[oeeH.U paTY HepeTBlbaHa C MAeqaHHMa rOBopH Ha cAe.n;ehH Ha­
cycmpaxu qHH: HepeTBlbaHH (KruKe OH), po.n; CAOBeHCKH, 6exy CTpax H
mpenemj(aJ!­ TperreT KaKO MeCTa y YHyrpaIIlInOCTH, TaKO H CBHX .n;aA­
MamUH.14UMa.. . M
MaTHHCKHX rroMopcKHX rpa,n;oBa, a rrOHajBHIIle AeqaHa,
6y.nyhH .n;a TOKOM .n;aeCTa ro.n;HHa HaCTaBHIIle .n;o CMPTH HX
rrpOraInaTH, rrpeM.n;a HM MAeqaHH 3a CBe TO BpeMe IIAahaxy
.n;aHaK KaKO 6H MOrAH CA060.n;HO rrAOBHTH Ja,n;paHCKHM
J~:;OO MopeM, Ha Koje HepeTBlbaHH rrOAaraxy rrpaBO H Ha,n; KOjHM
ceOjOM HMaIIle rrOTIIYHY BAaCT. Ko ro.n;je oHY.n;a rrAOBHO, 3axTeBaAH
6J!aw~y. cy.n;a IIAaTH LI;apHHy, O.n;HOCHO rrpOAa3, IIlTO je H 6HO pa3Aor
yqeCTaAHM oKpIIlajHMa. HepeTBlbaHH, HaHMe, 3a,n;p2KaBaxy
.29 qeCTO MAeTaqKe Aaoe KaKO 6H HaIIAaTHAH .n;aHaK HeHcrrAa­
3awmo heH Ha BpeMe, Kao H Ha,n;OKHa.ny Y P06H KOjy rrOTpa2KH­
H.acpmaxy H.a BaIIle y cAyqajy rrpeKpIIlaja HAH KaIIlH>eIna y HCIIAaTH. npo­
MJ!emat{K:e raInaxy MAeqaHe rrpe CBera 3aTO IIlTO cy CBaKHM .n;aHOM
6poooee. 6 ·
HBaAH CBe CHruKHHjH Ha MOPY y Te2KInH .n;a rrpHCBOje
. BHO, 3a .n;06po Perry6AHKe, HarrYIIlTeHH rrOA02Kaj H .n;a He 3a­
LlaAMaLI;Hjy, Koja rraK ca cBoje CTpaHe, KaKO joj .n;03Aorp­
.n;HIIle CHAHH 6e306pa3AyLI;H HepeTBlbaHa, rrpH2KelbKHBaIIle
InHXOBY rrporraCT. MAeqaHH cy HaMepHO rro.n;CTHLI;aAH TO
InHXOBO rroTajHo HerrpHjaTelbCTBO, He 6H AH AaKIIle yrpa6H­
AH rrpHAHKy .n;a H3MeOY .n;Bejy 3aBaoeHHX CTpaHa H3ByKy
CBOjy KOpHCT. YBH.n;eBIIlH Ty MAeTaqKy rro.n;MYKAOCT,
HepeTBlbaHH HX 3aMp3eIIle, Te HX CypOBO rrporaH>axy, TaKO
H TOAHKO .n;a BHIIle HO je.n;HOM .n;OBe.n;OIIle rpa,n; BeHeLI;Hjy .n;D<
Y pamoea1t>y c KpajIne 6e.n;e H oqaja. YXBaTHBIIlH ce BHIIle rryTa y KOIIlTaLI;,
Mn~aH.UMa MAeTaqKe cPATe roTOBO yaeK H3ry6HIIle 6HTKe H rrpeTprreIIle
CJ[oeeH.U yeeK: BeAHKe IIlTere, a HapOqHTO 3a BpeMe BAa,n;aBHHe .ny2KAa
n06e1)yjy.
neTpa KaH.n;HaHa. OH (rrorryT .n;pyrHx .ll.,Y)K.l(eBa), AHqHO ce
rrpH.n;p)')KHBIIlH cPAOTH y .n;pyroM rroxo.ny, Te 3aMeTHyaIIlH
6HTKy KO.n; KaBo MHKyAO y .llaAMaLI;HjH, y rrOqeTKy rrOKa3H­
BaIIle rrpeMoh, Te HepeTBlbaHcKH KHe3 MYHjC Beh 6Hjawe
Bumo
crrpeMaH Ha 6er. Ho rrpHTeKHe My Ta,n;a y rroMoh OCTaTaK
B06a.Jbeeu~ HepeTBlbaHCKHX 6po.n;OBa rro.n; BO.n;CTBOM BHTa E06alheBHha
npOClla6.!beH.U .lly6pOBqaHHHa, KOjH y TO .n;06a cy.n;eAOBaIIle qeCTO y BOj­
eojcK:oeo1)a. HHM rroxo.n;HMa rrOMeHYTor HepeTBlbaHCKOr KHe3a, Kao BOj­
CKOBooa rrpOCAaBlbeH H HCKycaH y 3arrOBe.n;aInY CAOBeH­
CKHM BojcKaMa Ha KorrHY H Ha MOpy. KHe3 ce Ta.n;a rrOHO­
BHO CYOqH C HerrpHjaTelbeM, KOjH HaKOH xpa6pe 0.n;6paHe
H3ry6H 6HTKy, a .ll.,Y)K.l( 2KHBOT. MAeqaHHMa TO 3a,n;a MHOro
CTpaxa, rra oqeKyjyhH .n;a HX HerrpHjaTelb, 2KeAehH JOIIl jaqy
126
rr06e.ny, Harra,n;He y InHXOBOj BAacTHToj KyhH, 3aTBopHIIle Mn~aH.U3a­
BeAHKHM AaHLI;HMa YAa3e y AyKe KojHMa ce rrpHcTyrra rpa.ny meapajy npeo
H rrOCTaBHIIle MHOIIlTBO lby.n;H Ha CTpa2K)'. rOTOBO HCTO TO CJ[oeeH.UMa
YJ[Q3e y J[yK:y
rrpHrrOBe.n;ajy Ca6eAHKO y rrpBoj KInH3H .n;eBeTe EHea.n;e H J!aH.14UMa.
1)aM6YAapH y rrpBoj KInH3H, Te Ka2K)' .n;a neTap KaH.n;HaHO, 30
rrOIIlTO 6H YHarrpeoeH y Ha .lJY)K.n;eBCKy cPYHKLI;Hjy H C
063HPOM Ha TO .n;a cy Ja.n;paHOM XapaAH HepeTBlbaHH, rro­
CAa Ha InHX cPAOTY, Koja ce BpaTH KyhH HHIIlTa He rrOCTH­
raBIIlH. 3aTo OH AHqHO KpeHY C .n;BaHaecT 6po.n;OBa H 3a­
TeKHe HepeTBlbaHe KO.n; KaBo MHKyAO y .llaAMaLI;HjH, r.n;e j(yJICo nemap
3aMeTHYIIle 60j y3 rrOqeTHY rrpeMoh .ll.,Y)K.l(eBy. Ho 6y.nyhH KaH.OuaH.o
zy6u JlCUeom
.n;a je TaMO 6HAO MHoro HepeTBlbaHa, YHHIIlTHIIle MAeTaqKy 00 CllOeeH.CK:e
cPAOry, a .lJY)K.n;, rreTor MeceLI;a cBoje BAa,n;aBHHe, rra,n;e y 6H­ pyK:e.
LI;H, xpa6po ce 60pehH. lheroBo TeAO CKAOHHIIle I1cTpaHH,
Te ra o.n;HecoIIle y rpa,n;o H TaMO ra caxpaHHIIle. Y3 CAHKy
IneroBY y MAeTaqKOM CeHaTY 6H rrOCTaBlbeH HaTrrHC:
,ame CaM npomuB HepemBaHa pamoBao
Xpa6po 3aMemHYo 60j, cpeo
CBujemJI.02 opy:JICja 3602 n060:JICHOCmU MY:JICeBHO naoox.
lby.n;H KOjH ce crraCHIIle 6eKCTBOM KyhH, YHeCOIIle y rpa,n;
TaKBY rrOMeTInY, .n;a 6H BeHeLI;Hja, Y3HeMHpeHa HOBocTHMa, BeH.e14uja je
Y3H.e.MUpeH.a
3arraAa y Hepe.n;e .n;a I1BaH napTHLI;HrraTYC He rrpey3e rrOHO­
nOpQ30M
ceojux.
.n;p2Ka .n;OCTojaHcTBo ycpe.n; TOAHKOr cTpaxa rpaOaHa. nOIIl­
TO je Y36YHa CTHIIlaHa Ha Taj HaqHH H CTpax paCTepaH,
Mnet{aH.U
rpa.n;CKH OLI;H H3a6paIIle 3a HOBor .ll.,Y)K.l(a neTpa TpH6YHa,
OZpOMH.UM
KOjH yTBp.n;H rpa.n; Ha BHIIle MeCTa H orpOMHHM ra AaHLI;eM J[aH.14e.M
oCHrypa o.n; HeHa.n;aHHX Harra,n;a OHHX KOjH 6H My XTeAH ocuzypaeajy
HaIIlKo.n;HTH. EeIIle TO y BpeMe rrarre I1BaHa (VIII, OKO ro.n;H­ zpao.
He OCaMCTO ocaM.n;eceTe. Ho, HepeTBlbaHH H .n;alhe He o.ny­
CTajaxy o.n; IIlbaqKe H rryCTOIIleIna, Te 3a BAa,n;aBHHe neTpa
CaHYTa, .n;eBeTHaeCTor MAeTaqKOr .lJY)K.n;a, roTOBO OrrKOAH­
IIle rpa,n; BeHeLI;Hjy. 1)aM6YAAapH OBaKO rrHIIle y ce.n;Moj
KH>H3H: 3a BAa,n;aBHHe Tor .ll.,Y)K.l(a Hapo.n; .llaAMaLI;Hje, a Ha­
BeH.e14uja noo
POqHTO HepeTBlbaHCKor Kpaja, KOjH CTapH Ha3HBaxy Epo­ CllOOeH.CK:OM
Ha [HapoHa], rrpeIIlaBIIlH Ja.n;paHCKO Mope rOTOBO y rroTrry­ oncaooM.
HOCTH OrrKOAH BeHeLI;Hjy, CrrpeqHBIIlH joj cHa6.n;eBaIne MOp­ 31
CKHM rryTeM, 6HAO xpaHOM HAH KOjOM ro.n; .n;pyroM p060M,
Koja HHje MorAa rrpohH a .n;a, H3.n;aAeKa HAH H36AH3a Ha OqH
rpa.ny, He 6H 6HAa 3arrAeIneHa H 0.ny3eTa y3 BeAHKe ry6HTKe
H IIlTeTe He CaMO 3a rrpeB03HHKe, Hero M02KAa JOIIl H Behe
3a MHOIIlTBO IIlTO HX HIIlqeKHBaIIle y rpa.ny. n peTprre Be­
HeLI;Hja TO BHIIle rryra, rrpeMa H3BeIIlTajHMa Ca6eAHKOBHM
y KInH3H rrpBoj, r.n;e KruKe .n;a ro.n;HHe 976. HepeTBlbaHH
3a,n;aBaxy TaKBe MYKe MeCTHMa Ha MOPY, .n;a BeHeLI;Hja ro­
TOBO He 6ejaIIle y rrOA02Kajy 60lbeM o.n; rrOA02Kaja rpa,n;OBa
rro.n; orrca.n;OM, Te cpaMOTa H cpI,I6a rro.n;CTHLI;aIIle CBaqHjH
127
 -,...--­
lJYX Ha OCBeTy. rpal)aHH cy 3aTO roBOPIiAR .n:a ce TO He MO­
)Ke TprreTH, .n:a MAeqaHH, KOjH ce .n:o Ta.n:a rrpOCAaBHlIIe Ha
MOPY, Mopajy rro.n:HOCHTH .n:PCKOCT lIIaqHI.I;e pa36ojHHKa. He
MOry ce .n:OBOlbHO Haqy.n:HTH, KaKO je Ca6eAHKO Halliao
xpa6poCTH H o6pa3a HarrHcaTH .n:a HepeTBlbaHH y TO BpeMe
6ejaxy TeK lIIaqHu;a pa36ojHHKa, Ka.n: je BeOMa .n:06po rro­
3HaBao OHO lIITO rrHlIIe y MapKa BapOHa (Kao lIITO ce BH.n:H
KO.n: nAHHHja y KIDH3H 3, rrorAaBlbY 20), a TO je .n:a Hacelbe
HapOHa, Koja je 6HAa rrpeCTOHHu;a HepeTBlbaHCKa, 6ejaIIIe
TaKO BeAHKa H 3HaMeHHTa, .n:a Ha lbe3HH caBeT 6ejaIIIe
yrryneHo .n:pyrHx ocaM.n:eceT .n:eBeT rpa.n:OBa, Te .n:a KacHHje
rrpBH KpalbeBH H u;apeBH HacTojaxy rrpH.n:06HTH He­
peTBalbHCKO rrpHjaTelbCTBO. Mel)y IDHMa 6H H u;apOTOH III,
KOjH, ca3HaBlIIH .n:a cy HCTyrrHAH H3 lberoBa CaBe3a, ro.n:HHe
980. rrOBe.n:e rrpoTHB IDHX BOjCKY H (KaKO Ka)Ke Eap.n:H y 2.
.n:eAY) 3a.n:a HM MHOro MYKe. Ca6eAHKO je OCHM Tora 3Hao, a
H caM TaKO rrHlIIe, .n:a cy HepeTBlbaHH TOKOM CTO ce­
.n:aM.n:eceT ro.n:HHa BO.n:HAH C MAeqaHHMa 6op6e 3a rrpeBAaCT
Ha MOPY H HH 360r qera .n:pyror. TaKol)e He MO)Ke penH .n:a
cy MAeqaHH y TO BpeMe HMaAH TaKO MaAO CHara .n:a He 6H
MorAH (.n:a ce pa.n:HAO 0 lIIaqHU;H pa36ojHHKa) o.n:OAeTH
HepeTBlbaHHMa, jep OH caM TBp.n:H .n:a cy .n:OTa.n: 6HAH YBeK
rrpOCAaBlbeHH Ha MOpy. He Balba CTora penH, HHTH y
rrOTrrYHOCTH rrOBepOBaTH, .n:a cy HepeTBaaHH 6HAH Ta.n:a
lIIaqHu;a pa360jHHKa (KaKO 6H TO XTHO Ca6eAHKO), Ben
Hapo.n: CHAaH H H3Y3eTHO rrAeMeHHT. Ka.n: HM MAeqaHH
32 YCKpaTHlIIe .n:aHaK, KOjH cy HM TaKO ,llJ'TO IIAanaAH, Ha-
CAOOeftU ce .
nOftoeo op~alIIe ce rrpoTHB IDHX. Ca6eAHKo y.n:pyroJ KlbH3H, crro­
ftaopyJICaeajy MHIDynH TO, Ka)Ke: ,l.lyJK.n: neTap OpceOAO CTeqe HaKAOHOCT
npomue BAa.n:apa ErHrrTa H CHpHje 3axBalbyjynH CBOjHM rrOKAHCa-
Mnetiafta Kao pHMa, Kao H rrOTrryHO rrpHjaTelbCTBO CBHX HTaAHjaHcKHx
UM oeu yc- . h.
Kpame OaftaK. CHAa 3axBalbYJYl1H YCAyraMa H .n:apOBHMa, Te Ka.n: My. ae
yqHHH .n:a je rrpaBH TpeHyTaK .n:a ce MAeU;H AaKO OCBeTe
HepeTBlbaHHMa 3a CBe CTape H HOBe YBpe.n:e, YCKpaTH HM
.n:aHaK HcrrAanHBaH TOAHKO ro.n:HHa 3a CHrypHY IIAOBH.n:6y
LlaAMaU;HjoM. HepeTBlbaHCKH BapBapH, Cp.n:HTH Ha MAeqa­
He, CMeCTa rrOqelIIe 3AOCTaBlbaTH rrpHMopCKa MeCTa Te, He
Hepe7TU3.Jbaftu 3a.n:OBOlbHBlIIH ce THMe, Ha KorrHY YHHlIITHlIIe OKOAHHY 3a­
nycmow.e 01(0- .n:pa, qHjH CTaHOBHHU;H 6ejaxy Ta.n:a je.n:HHH ,llaAMaTHHU;H
AUfty 3aopa.
rro.n:qHIDeHH MAeU;HMa. Eellie TO OKO ro.n:HHe 996, H .n:o Ta­
.n:a roBOPH Ca6eAHKo. YrrpaBo y TOM pa3.n:06lbY (Ka)Ke
MAeTaqKH AeTorrHC) MAeU;H yseAHKO o6Y3.n:alIIe OXOAOCT He­
peTBlbaHa. OBH, HaHMe, rrpeY3elIIe xpHlIInaHCTBO 3a BpeMe
1iupuJto ux
BAa.n:aBHHe CBeTorreAeKa [CBaTorryAKaj HAH (KaKO ra Ha3H­
npe06pamu y Bajy AaTHHCKH rrHCU;H) CQ:>eporrHAa Kpalba IbHXOBora, Kora
Xpucmoey je Ha Bepy y XpHCTa rrpeo6paTHO MeTO.n: ct>HA030Q:>, KacHHje
eepy. Ha3BaH 1'mpHAO (rrpeMa rrHcaIDY norra LlYKlhaHHHa,
EjOH.n:a, Ca6eAAHKa H JoxaHHeca ABeHTHHyca y 4. KlbH3H).
128
nOlliTO cy rrOCTaAH xplIInaHH, 6ejaxy o.n: BeAHKe rroMonH
¥lTaAHjH, KOjy Y BpeMe u;apa BacliARja MaKe.n:oHu;a 3ay­
3elIIe Capau;eHH KO.n: IIAaHHHe rapraHo y ArrYAHjH. HepeT­ Py6poo'Wftu
yopYJICeftu ca
BlbaHH, .n:aKAe, 3.n:p~eHH C ,lly6pOBqaHHMa H .n:pyrHM cy­ opyZUM.
ce.n:HHM CAoBeHHMa (KaKO rrHlIIy Ay.n:OBHK Ty6epoH y no­ CAOeeftUMa
peKAy ,lly6poBHHKa H reopmje Ke.n:peH y 6HorpaQ:>HjH u;apa npeJUl3e c
BaCHAHja), rrpel)olIIe C BeAHKOM Q:>AOTOM y A6pyu;o, KOjH ce cJmOmoMY
HmaJ!ujy
Ta.n:a Ha3HBao THeTH. nOKa3alIIe TaMO CBOjy .n:peBHY xpa­ npomue
6pOCT, HCTepaBlIIH Capau;eHe H3 ¥lTaAHje H rro6HBlIIH HX y CapalJefta .
BeAHKOM 6pojy, Ha BeqHY cAaBY cAoBeHcKY. 0 THM neMo CJ!Oeeftu
CAoBeHHMa roBOPHTH KacHHje, a ca.n:a neMo ce BpaTHTH 3ay3UMajy
OHHMa 3a Koje CMO peKAH .n:a cy rrpo.n:pAH y roplbY naHo­ llaftoftujy,
HHjy H Y .n:olbY EaBapCKY. OCBojHlIIe OHH TaKol)e lIITajep­ BaeapcKy,
IlImajepcKY,
cKY, KOPYlIIKY, KpalbcKY H MHore .n:pyre o6AH)KJbe KpajeBe, KOpyW.Ky u
Te YBeAHKe rrpocAaBHlIIe cBoje HMe. HaHMe, CAoBeHH (rrpe­ KpaH:.CKY·
Ma rrHcaIDY ABeHTHHYca y Tpenoj KlbH3H) y BpeMe u;apa 33
AHaCTacHja ,llHKopoca, OKO ro.n:HHe rreTCTO ocaM.n:eCeTe,
I'u3aJ!Oft
yl)olIIe C BOjBO.n:OM rH3aAOHOM y .n:olbY EaBapCKY, r.n:e ce eojeooa
HaAa3e MeCTO H IIAaHHHe Ha3BaHH BeHe.n:H rro yrrpaBH Be­ CJ!ooeftCKU.
He.n:CKHX CAoBeHa. npera3HBlIIH ¥lCTap KO.n: Yllina peKe
¥lcap, oCBojHlIIe rpa.n:oBe nH30H, .n:aHac (rrpeMa BOAQ:>raHry
Cnoeeftu ocea­
Aauy) n030HHjy (nO)KJH), Ayrc6ypr, AU;HAHjy, Mau;eAHjy, jajy zpaooee
.n:aHac 3BaHY (KaKo je rro BOlbH A6paxaMY 0pTeAAY) MOH­ lloJICyft, Ayzc­
U;HHr, y 6AH3HHH o6aAe ,llyHaBa C .n:eCHe CTpaHe. 3aY3elIIe 6ypz u MftOZe
TaKol)e H CTape ,llBope, MeCTO y.n:albeHO o.n: PereHc6ypra 15 opyze.
MHlba Ha HCTOK, Koje .n:aHac 30BY nQ:>ep; aHa Kpajy H AeT­ llopase
IDe ,llBope. Y.n:p~eHH C EojHMa pa36HlIIe 06aACKe CTpa)Ke Pu.ilubafte u
pHMCKe BojcKe Ha ,llyHaBY. KpeHYSlIIH oCBajaTH PereHC­ oceoje
6ypr, y6p30 rrOCTa.n:OlIIe rocrro.n:apH H Tora rpa.n:a. CAOBeHH, PezeftC6ypz.
HaHMe, KOjH 6ejaxy BpAO BelliTH y HarrHlbaIDY AYKa H CJ!Oeeftu ePJto
6au;aIDY Korrlba, rrpeIIAaBHlIIe 3H.n:HHe TaKBOM KOAHqHHOM eew.mu y
ooanuH:.aH:.Y
CTpeAa .n:a rrOCKH.n:alIIe C IDHX CBe .n:o je.n:Hora 6paHHou;a. cmpeJta.
¥lCTH Taj JoxaH ABeHTHHYC 3aTHM HaCTaBlba H Ka)Ke: PHM­
Pu.ilubaftu ce
lbaHH cy ce 6e3 ycrrexa CYK06HAH C 6aBapCKHM KpalbeM trecmo 6e3 yc­
Teo.n:OHOM H ca CAOBeHHMa TOAHKO rryTa .n:a KOHaqHO H3­ nexa 60peca
ry6HlIIe CBaKY H8.,lly .n:a 6H MOrAH 3a.n:p)KaTH Me3Hjy, naHO­ CJ!OeeftUMa.
HHjy H OCTaTaK HopHKa, Te HX HarryCTHlIIe H rro6erOllie y
¥lTaAHjy, OTrrpHAHKe ro.n:HHe rreTCTO rreTHaeCTe. YrrpaBO y Kaoa Cnoeeftu
TO BpeMe CAOBeHH, .n:aHac TaqHHje 3BaHH KpalbU;H, OCBO­
3ay3UMajy
jHlIIe oHaj .n:eo HopHKa KOjH je CMelliTeH KO.n: rrAaHHHe Tayp HopuK.
H rAe.n:a Ha HCTOK, a 06yxsaneH je rrpOCTopOM H3Mel)y peKa
Mype, liAR MypaBe, ,llpaBe H CaBe, CBe .n:o rro.n:pyqja AKBH­
Aeje, KOjy jOlli YBeK rroce,llyjy, rro.n: HMeHOM KapaHTaHU;H
liAR KopYlIIaHH, rrpeMa HMeHY 3aY3eTor MeCTa. C 063HPOM
Ha IbHXOBY CAaBY, CTeqeHY MHOro6pojHHM rro6e.n:aMa Ha.n:
pa3HHM Hapo.n:HMa, OTrrpliARKe ro.n:HHe rreTCTO .n:eBe.n:eceT H
Tpene, ArHAYAQ:> Kpalb AaHro6ap.n:CKH, KOjH Ta.n:a paTOBallie
y ¥lTaAHjH H .n:p)Kallie rro.n: orrca.n:OM na.n:OBY, He MOraBlIIH
129
 r
I
!
AZlllly,;u:fJ KPQJbje HHKaKO 3aY3eTH, n03Ba Y nOMoh (KaKO nHlile A)"iHO
AaH2ot5apoclCU <paYHo Y KFbH3H 6.) CAoBeHe, Te je 3axBaIhyjyhH FbHMa KO­
ys nOMOn HaqHO OCBOjH. KpeHJBWH 3aTHM ca CAoBeHHMa y oCBajaFbe
C.JloeeHa sayse
IIaooey U FuM. PHMa, nOCTa rocnoAapoM rpa.,ll;a Y pOKY OA rOAHHY AaHa.
lleceT roAHHa nOTOM, HCTH ce Taj KpaIh ArMAyAcp 3aBa.,ll;H C
34 PHMlbaHHMa, jep jeAHa FberoBa KhH 6ejawe 3apo6lbeHa, Te
HanyCTHBwH MMAaHO, 3aTpruKH nOMoh OA aBapCKOr KpaIha
XaKaHa, KOjH My nOCAa CAOBeHe y BeAMKOM 6pojy (KaKO
nHWe IlaBAe 1)aKoH y Tpehoj KFbH3H, norAaBlbY 29, HCTO­
C.JlOeeHU pHje AaHro6apAa). ArMAYACP KpeHY C FbHMa Y nOXOA Ha
.ll.ar06epT H FberoBH XTeAH OAp:H<:aTH npHjaTelbCTBO ca CAO­
pasope
KpeMoHY H pa3pywH je AO TeMelba AaHa 21. aBryCTa ro­ BeHHMa. CHXap MY OArOBopH Aa je HeMoryhe Aa XpHCTOBe
KPe.MOHY·
AHHe 603. Ha nOBpaTKY KYhH, CAOBeHH cy xapaAH
C.JloeeHu xapa- 3eMlbaMa X1iAAe6epTa, KpaIha cppaHaqKOr H repMaHCKor,
jy q,paHal(KlLM. KOjH nOCAa Ha FbHX CHruKHY BOjCKY nOA 3anOBeAHHWTBOM
ICpQJbeeCmeoM. TaCMAa, KHe3a 6aBapCKor, qHje cy ce 3eMlbe Ha HCTOKY rpa­
IIopWICeHu cy HHqMAe ca CAOBeHHMa. 3aMeTHYSWH 60j C FbHMa, TaCMAO
00 TaCU.Jla. HX Ha,z:Jjaqa H nOAqHHH XHMe6epTY, HO TeK WTO ce BpaTHO
KYhH, CAOBeHH ce n06YHe. 3aTO ABe xHlbaAe BaBapa1:(a yoe
C.JlOOeHU y HenpHjaTelbCTBY Y CAOBeHCKe 3eMlbe, a OBH, 3ajeAHo C
pacKOMaoajy
KpaIheM CBOjHM XaKaHOM, pa36HBWH 6aBapCKe peAOBe,
vee XUlbaoe
BaeapalJa . CBe HX AO jeAHora noceKowe, He OCTaBHBWH Y :H<:HBOTY HH
OTUb(ll(Kajy jeAHor jeAHHor (KaKO nHwe JoxaH ABeHTHHYC Y Tpehoj
BaeapcKY U KFbH3H) KOjH 6H 0 TOMe nOCBeAOqHO Y AOMOBHHH. YwaBWH
nomyKy 3aTHM Y BaBapcKY, OnlbaqKaWe je H nOTJKowe AO HOry CH­
Xepo.Jloa. Ha TaCMAOBor XepOMa, KOjH HM ce cynpOTCTaBHO C BOj­
Oceajajy CKOM. Iloy6HjaBwH pHMCKe BojHHKe, 3ay3My HCTPY Kojy cy
Hcmpy. Beh paHHje (KruKe <paYHO Y OCMOj KFbH3H), Y BpeMe 1:(apa
TeoAocHja, BHwe HO jeAHoM OnlbaqKaAH. rOAHHe 617, He
C!toeeHu
Haojal(Qjy
MOraBWH BHwe TpneTH aBapcKY CYPOBOCT, CAOBeHH ce OAP:H<:aAH npHjaTelbCTBO C <ppaH1:(HMa, BHAeBWH nAOAHe H
Aeape.
HaOPY:H<:ajy npOTHB FbHX, Te H3 6HTKe H3aoowe Kao n06eA­ BeAMKe CAOBeHCKe ycnexe H Aa cy <ppaH1:(H CBaKaKO Ha.,ll;­
HH1:(H (KaKo qHTaMO y MOHaxa AHMoHa, y 4. KFbH3H, no­
rAaBlbY 9, 0 cppaHaqKHM 3roAaMa). Y TOj 6H1:(H, H3MeOY 00-<
TaAHX MY:H<: no HMeHY CaMO nOKa3a BeAMKO jYHawTBO, Y TOj
MepH Aa ra CAoBeHH nporAace KpaIheM. 3aAp:H<:a OH TO
AOCTOjaHcTBo TpHAeceT weCT roAHHa, HCKa3aBWH BeAMKY
MYAPOCT H CpqaHOCT Y CBHM CBOjHM He6pojeHHM paTHHM
nOXOAHMa H nO,llyXBaTHMa npOTHB ABapa, H3 KOjHX YBeK
(KaKO KruKe AHMOH) H3aoe npOCAaBlbeH. Y3e ABaHaeCT CAO­
BeHCKHX :H<:eHa H C FbHMa H3POAH HCTO TOAHKO CHHOBa H
neTHaeCT KhepH. Y HeKOAHKO oKpwaja :H<:aAOCHHX 3a KpaIha
35 cppaHaqKOr .ll.ar06epTa, CaMO ra BHwe HO jeAHoM nOTJ'ie
AO HOry, n06HBwH (npeMa OHOMe WTO nHwe KapAO H3 Ba­
rpHeHa Y ce)l:Moj KFbH3H 0 BeHeAHMa) MHOro BpCHHX BOj­
CKOBooa H HeKOAHKO XHlba.,ll;a <ppaHaKa. rpynH <ppaHaKa,
KOjH nyTOBaxy H3 HOBor PHMa ca CBOjOM p060M, ycnyT je
JI.azooepm OAJ3eTa CBa HMoBHHa, a OHe KOjH ce oAJnpewe CAoBeHH
WQJbe
usaC.JtaHUKa y6Hwe . .ll.03HaBwH TO, .ll.aro6epT nOCAa KpaIhY CaMy jeA­
lCpatby CQMy. Hora CBor H3aCAaHHKa no HMeHY CHXap, 3aTpa:H<:HBWH OA
130
Fbera Aa HCTpruKH npaBAJ. H3aCAaHHK, YSHAeBwH Aa ra
KpaIh CaMO He :H<:eAH npHMHTH, 3aorpHY ce CAOBeHCKOM
OAehoM, KaKO ra oBaj He 6H npen03Hao, Te TaKO npepyweH JI.azooepm
noeeae eojcKY
jeAHora AaHa HCTynH npeA Fbera H H3AO:H<:H WTO My roc­ Ha C!toeeHe U
nOAap FberoB 6Hjawe HaAO:H<:HO, AOAaBWH KaKO CaMO He t5yoe
CMe nOA1:(eFbHBaTH <ppaHKe, Ka.,ll; 3Ha Aa je 3ajeAHo C THM nOPWICeH.
HCTHM HapOAOM nOAaHHK KpalbeBCTBa <ppaHaqKOr. CaMO
6e:H<:e jaKO oropqeH THM peqHMa H OAroBOPH KaKO 6H OH,
3ajeAHo ca CBOjHM HapOA, 6HO OAaH <ppaH1:(HMa Ka.,ll; 6H
CAyre CKAone caBe3 HAM HKaKBO npHjaTelbcTBO C nCHMa, Ha
WTO CaMO peqe: BH caCBHM CHryPHO HcnOBHeAaTe Bepy
XPHCTOBHX CAYry, a MH CMO FberoBa nceTa. CTora OHO WTO
BH npOTHB FberoBe BOlbe rpeWHora qHHHTe, HaMa je AO­
nYWTeHO OCBeTHTH ce yrpH3HMa 3y6a, Te TO H3peKaBWH,
CMeCTa ra OTepa. .ll.aro6epT ce Ha TO CTpawHO yspeAH.
OKYnH Ta.,ll;a 6HpaRJ BOjCKY H YAapH Ha CAoBeHe. A OHH
(KaKo KruKe AHMOH y qeTBpToj KFbH3H, norAaBlbY 23) pa3­
6Hwe Haj60lbH Aeo cppaHaqKe BojcKe H OABeAowe MHOro
p06lba. O)l:Max nOTOM nojypHwe y nOMoh CBOjOj CAoBeHcKoj
6pahH Koja je 6MAa nOA OnCa.,ll;OM cppaHaqKOM y KawTeAY
BoracTPY, Te HacpHyswH Ha HenpHjaTelbe, HaTepawe HX Y
6eKCTBo H HeKOAH1:(HHY n06Hwe, OTeBWH HM CBY onpeMY H CJtoeeHU
waTope. Jow BHwe OCOKOlbeHH TOM n06eAoM, CAOBeHH Y xapajy
BeAHKOM 6pojy HaBaAHWe y THpHHrHjy H y Apyra MeCTa y TuPUH2UjOM.
cppaHaqKOM cyceACTBY. Ha TO BojBoAa .ll.epBaH, nOA qHjOM
36
ynpaBOM 6ejaxy OHH CAOBeHCKH rpa.,ll;OBH KOjH AOTa.,ll; 6exy JI.epeaH.
C!tOfJeH..
BAa)l;aHH, n06yHH ce H npHCTJTIH CAOBeHHMa. OHH ce HeKO
C!toeeH.uy1)y y
BpeMe 3a.,ll;p:H<:aWe y nYCTOweFbY KpaIheBCTBa <ppaHaqKOr, Hma.Jtujy U
HO 3aTHM ce OKpeHYwe npOTHB HTaAHje, Te YWaBWH Y HaHoce
3eMlbY roAHHe 640. MAH naK 650, KaKO TBPAH BapAH, wmemy.
nOqHHHWe BeAMKe WTeTe, a nOTOM ce, Ha,z:J;BAa.,ll;aHH OA
rpHMOaMa, nOBYKoille CBOjHM KYhaMa. Ho, He OCTa.,ll;owe
TaMO AYr0 MHpHH, Beh nOHOBHO 3apaTHIIle C .ll.aro6ePTOM. MOp, KH.e3
CYK06HBIIlH ce C AMOPOM, KOjH HaKOH Ky60Kapa nOCTa.,ll;e oyHaec/CUX
BAa.,ll;ap AYHaBcKHX CAoBeHa, .ll.aro6ePT H3aoe H3 npBor C!toeeHa,
pamyjec
oKpwaja KaO n06eAHHK, HO nOHOBHO ce CYK06H ca CAoBe­ 1Cpatbe.M
HHMa H 6H n06eoeH (KaKO nHwe KapAO H3 BarpHeHa y cell:­ JI.azooepmOM.
MOj KFbH3H). BHAeBWH TO, CAOBeHH KOjH cy 6MAH nOA Ca­
MOM HacpHYwe Ha <ppaHKe H OKPyTHO onYCTOWHwe FbH­ C!toeeHU
nycmowe
XOBe 3eMlbe . .ll.aro6epT Ta.,ll;a OAA)"iH OCBeTHTH ce CAOBeHH­ q,paHal(Ke
Ma 3a CBa HaHeceHa MY 3Aa, Te H3a6paBWH HajBpcHHje Se.M.1be.
60p1:(e KpaIheBCTBa, KpeHY Ha FbHX. IlyTeM My H3aOY y
cycpeT caCKH rAaCHH1:(H, y3 06ehaFbe H nOHYAJ Aa he OHH
Ha.,ll; CAoBeHHMa H3BPWHTH AY:H<:HY oCBeTY, aAH y3 noroA6y
131
 I
H YCAOB, MebYTHM, .n:a HX ,llaro6epT OCAo6o.n:H ro.n:HlllFher
.n:aHKa o.n: neT CTOTliHa KpaBa Koje cy nAanaAH cPpaHaqKHM
Kpan:.eBHMa jOIll o.n: BpeMeHa XAOTapa, npBora cPpaHaqKOr
Kpan:.a Tor HMeHa. ,llaro6epT npHXBaTH H OCAo6o.n:H me
.n:aHKa; HO, ycnpKoc CBeMY TOMe, HHje 6HAO nOMonH.
HaHMe, CAOBeHH (npeMa H3BelllTajHMa AliMOHOBHM y qe­
IIycmoU1;e TBPTOj KFhH3H, nOrAaBIbY 26), HaBaAHBlllH y THpHHrHjy
'fuPUHZUJY· cAe.n:ene ro.n:HHe, a TO je 6HAa je.n:aHaeCTa ro.ll:HHa ,llaro­
6epTOBe BAa.n:aBHHe, onyCTolllHllle qHTaB Kpaj. ,llaro6epT je
6HO 3aTO npHCHIbeH nOCTaBHTH Ha BAaCT y AYCTPHjH CHHa
Cm'6ePTa C Kpan:.eBCKHM 3BaFheM, KaKO 6H qYBao Te rpa­
HHlJ,e o.n: CAOBeHa. na H y3 CBe TO, OHH cy H .n:an:.e HaHO­
CHAH lllTeTy cPpaHaqKHM 3eMlbaMa, TaKO .n:a ,llaro6ePT, .n:o­
37 Be.n:eH rOTOBO .n:o oqaja, CKYnH TpH BojcKe, cBaKY o.n:
ne.n:eceT XHIba.n:a 6opalJ,a, Te me nOCAa Ha CAoBeHe Kpan:.a
HaojattaH.u 00 CaMa. CYKo6HBlllH ce C HenpHjaTelbeM y AryHTy, Kpan:. Ca­
c;[JpaH.aJ<::a. MO 6H Ha,njaqaH 3axBan:.yjynH He TOAHKO xpa6pOCTH He­
npHjaTeIbeBoj KOAHKO BeAHKOM aeroBY 6pojy. Y TOM ce
Bopym pa3.n:06lbY TH CAOBeHH npeo6paTHille Ha XpHCTOBY Bepy,
H.aCJteOH.UI':
Ka.n: CBeTH KOAYM6aH .n:obe Meby FhHX nponOBe.n:aTH Je­
I':pa.!ba Ca.Ma.
BaHbeIbe. HaKOH CMPTH CaMOBe, HaCAHje.n:H ra BOPYT HAH,
KaKO ra 30Be BOAcPraHr i\alJ, y 6. KH>H3H, Bopyx KOjH, KruKe
i\an 6ellle npBH nOKplllTeHH Kpan:. KapaHTaHcKHx CAoBe­
Ha. npHMH OH KplllTeFhe o.n: 6AruKeHor ,lloHHHra, yqeHHKa
Y3BHllleHor PynePTa, 6HcKYna jYBaHCKOr H npOCBeTHTeIba
KpaFhcKor. Kao rapaHTe BepHocTH cBoje .n:a.n:e Kpan:.y,llaro­
6epTy 3a TaOlJ,e CBor KapaCTa (ropa3.n:a) H YHYKa KOTeMHpa
CnoeeH.U 6 .
nOH.U,3e XYH.e. (XoTHMHpa). CYKO HBlllH ce 3aTHM C XYHHMa, KOJH xapaxy
BOPYTOBHM 3eMlhaMa, CKplllH HX, nopa3H H noceqe. HaKOH
XomUMup l':H.e3 CMpTH BopYToBe, 3aBAa.n:a CAOBeHHMa HopHKa HAH KapaH­
l':apaH.maH.C/UlX TaHHje cnoMeHYTH XOTHMHP, a npeMa i\auy, MebYTHM,
CnoeeH.a. rop a3.n:. 3a BpeMe BAa.n:aBHHe FherOBe MajopaH, MpK yqeH,
nponoBe.n:allle OHOMe Hapo.n:y XpHCTOBY Bepy, Te HX FhOj
CnoaeH.CI':U noyqH. CAoBeHcKH ce nAeMHnH Ta.n:a no6YHHille npOTHB
11.J!e.MUhu ce XOTHMHpa, jep je o.n:6alJ,HO .n:peBHy Bepy CBOjHX npe.n:aKa H
nooYH.e
npomua npHrpAHO HOBy. Ha TO TacHAo ,llpyrH, KHe3 6aBapcKH, .n:o-
XomUMupa. be y nOMon XOTHMHPY H npHCHAH no.n:aHHKe aeroBe Ha
nOCAYIllHOCT CBOM BAa.n:apy. HaKOH aeroBe CMPTH, Meby­
l1cmepajy THM, CAOBeHCKH nAeMHnH HanYCTHllle xpHlllnaHCTBO H
XPuw.1!.aH.cl':e .
ca€w.meH.Ul':e U OTepalile CBelllTeHHKe y BaBapCKY. YlllaBlllH y ¢lyPAaHHJY,
oooa16e a€py. cYKo6Hllle ce TaMO C BOjBO.n:OM <l>ep.n:yAcPOM
Te, YCMPTHBlllH
ra y 6ojy. H3BplllHille CTpalilaH nOKOIb aerOBHX IbY.ll:H, KaKO
nHllle naBAe 1)aKoH (y Tpenoj KFhH3H, norAaBlbY 23), KOjH
KruKe .n:a 2KHBOT H3ry6Hllle BojBo.n:a <l>ep.n:yAcP H ApraHT,
HaMeCHHK FheroB KOjH ra je no.n:CTaKao Ha Taj OKplllaj. Yc­
Ae.n: cnopa H Hepa36opHTOCTH <l>ep.n:yAcP0BHX H ApraHTo­
BHX, na.n:e KOHaqHO TOAHKO CHruKHHX H xpa6pHx MpKeBa
KOAHKO 6H HX 6HAO .n:OBOlbHO, caMO .n:a cy 6HAH BobeHH
132
caBjeToM My.n:PHM H pa36opHTHM, .n:a CBAa.n:ajy XHlba.n:e H
XHlba.n:e npOTHBHHKa. Ka.n: y cnoMeHYToj nOKpajHHH <l>yp­ Patto (Paml':oj
AaHHjH BOjBo.n:a nOCTa neHMOH. OTalJ, Paqa (PaTKa) H Paqe aojaoOa
ijJYPJtaH.CI':U.
(PaTKe), CAOBeHH ra 6e3 HMaAO nOIllTOBaFha npHCHAHllle Ha 38
CKAanaFhe MHpa. Ka.n: Paqo HacAHje.n:H THTyAy BOjBo.n:e, He­
npOMHIllIbeHO paCKH.n:e Taj MHp H yna.n:e y KpaFhCKY, .n:OMO­
BHHY cAoBeHcKY, nyCTolllenH qHTaBY 3eMIby. Ho, 3a TO CJtoa€H.U
xapajy
npHMH 3aCApKeHY Ka3HY, jep CAOBeHH HaoppKaHH HaBa­ c;[JYPJtaH.ujoM.
AHllle y FheroBe 3eMIbe H HaHellle BeAHKY lllTeTy, KaKO TO
naBAe 1)aKoH KruKe y norAaBlbY 52. Taj ce ayTop, r.n:e ro.n:
.n:a rOBopH 0 CAOBeHHMa, He nOKa3yje MHOro HaKAOFheH TOM
IIa8Jte 15al':oH.
Hapo.n:y, Te YMaFhyje lllTO ro.n: BHllle M02Ke FhmeOBY cHary H H.enpujam€
xpa6poCT. Pa3Aor TOMe je lllTO CAOBeHH (KaKO nHllle BjOH­ CJtoe€H.CI<:OZ
.n:o y 1. ,lleKa.n:H, KH>H3H 10) 3apaTHille MHOro ITYTa C i\aH­ UM€H.a.
ro6ap.n:HMa, qHjeM po.n:y 1)aKoH npHna.n:a. By.n:ynH .n:a CAO­
BeHH, .n:aKAe, KaKO je peqeHO, 6exy o.n:6anHAH XpHlllnaH­
CTBO, TacHAo, ojaqaBlllH CBOjy BOjCKY, nOHOBHO yna.n:e y
FhHXOBY 3eMIbY H HaKOH HeKOAHKO oKplllaja HX nopa3H, Te IIponoa€
H.U16U KapaH.­
HM .n:o.n:eAH BOjBO.n:y, a TO je 6HO BaA.ZlYHr. CBelllTeHHlJ,H Xe­
maH.C/UlX
MOH H PemHaA.Il:, a ca FhHMa MajopaH, rOTap, EpHHo6epT, Cnoe€
PerHHap.n:, AyryCTHH H rHHTep nponoBe.n:axy CAoBeHHMa
peq B02Kjy, o.n: Koje BeAHKalllH, a OHH 6ejaxy BHTe30BH, y
nOTnyHoCTH 3a3Hpaxy. Ho, I1HroH, HacAe.n:HHK BaA.Zl:yHroB,
Kal':o ce
npeo6paTH HX Ha xpHlllnaHCTBO npHpe.n:HBlllH r036y, Ha l':apaxmaH.cl':U
HaroBop ApHa, 6HCKYna CaAlJ,6YPIilKOr. By.n:ynH .n:a BaA­ CJtoa€H
.Il:YHr, Kora Cm'e6epT H3 )KaM6Aya 30Be I1HroH, He ycne apamuw.e
npeo6paTHTH Ha xplllHnaHCTBO BeAHKalile OHaKO KaKO je xpuwliaH.cmay
yqHHHO ca CeIbalJ,HMa, n03Ba je.n:Hora .n:aHa Ha ro36y CBe
cBoje no.n:aHHKe, Te nAeMHne O.n:BOjH o.n: ceIbaKa. CeIbaKe
nOCTaBH 3a CBOj CTO Te HX y3 nOqaCTH nocApKH jeAHMa y
cpe6pHHM H 3AaTHHM nocy.n:aMa, .n:OK cy nAeMHnH y.n:an:.eHH
o.n: Fhera nocApKeHH y 3eMIbaHHM nocy.n:aMa. YnHTaH 3a
pa3Aor, BaA.ZlYHr O.n:roBOPH .n:a je o.n:pe.n:Ho .n:a CTOAOBH 6y.n:y
nocApKeHH npeMa KBaAHTeTy Y3BaHHKa, jep CeIbalJ,HMa je,
nOIllTO cy xpHlllnaHH H npOqHlllneHHa npeqHCTOM KPBlbY
I1CYCOBOM, .n:yllla qHCTa H HeoKan:.aHa, .n:OK je nAeMHnHMa
H.n:oAOnOKAOHHlJ,HMa .n:yllla OKan:.aHa H rpelllHa. To nOT­
cTaKHY CAOBeHCKe ITAeMHne .n:a CBH nOCTalile xpHlllnaHH.
Ory.n: nOTHqe H oHaj CBeqaHH o6pe.n: KOjH ce ynpruKFhaBa
npH H360py BOjBo.n:e y KapaHTaHHjH. By.n:ynH .n:a BojBo.n:a 39
npHMa 3HaMeFhe CBora .n:ocTojaHCTBa Ha HaqHH npHAHqHO
qy.n:aH H pa3AHqHT o.n: CBHX .n:pyrHX, o6pe.n: 3aCAY2KYje (6a­ CaettaH.U
peM 3a 3a6aBY OHOMe TKO qHTa) .n:a 6y.n:e onHcaH HajKpahe oopeo U,36opa
KapaH.maH.CKO
lllTO ce M02Ke, 3aHeMapyjynH noje.n:HHOCTH. ,llaKAe, He­ z aojaooe.
.n:aAeKO o.n: KalllTeAa CBeTor BH.n:a, y je.n:Hoj .n:OAHHH, jOIll ce
.n:aHac HaAa3e PYllleBHHe .n:peBHora rpa.n:a, TaKO CTapor, .n:a
My je H .n:peBHO HMe H3ry6IbeHO. nOKpaj pYllleBHHa, Ha Be­
AHKOj AHBa.n:H, Ae2KH orpOMHa H BHCOKa MpaMopHa ITAoqa.
133
 r
Ha TOM MPaMOpy, npll KpYHllCalbY HOBora KHe3a, ce,n;ll
CeIbaK KOMe Taj nOAO>Kaj npllna,.a;a npeMa CTapo,n;peBHOM
npaay npBeHCTBa lberoBor po,n;a. C ,n;eCHe cBoje CTpaHe
,n;p>Kll UPHY KpaBy, a C AeBe jaKY MpllIaBy II PY>KHY Ko6HAY·
OKO BeAllKOr KaMeHa CTojll MHOllITBO Hapo,n;a, a HajBllllIe
CeIbaKa, y llllI'!eKllBalbY HOBor BAa,.a;apa. Ka,n: ce Taj nojaBll
nycmou:e y,n;HY AllBa,.a;e, npllCTynll y pacKollIHoj npaTlbll 6oraTo o,n;e­
TupU.H2UJY. BeHllX nAeMllli.a II BeAllKallIa. TIpe,n; CBllMa cryna rpocp ro­
pll'!Kll, Majop,n;OM KHe>KeBa ,ll;Bopa, Hoceli.ll ll3Meoy ,n;Ba­
HaeCT MalbllX 3HaMelLa BeAllKY 3aCTaay Ha,.a;BOjBO,n;llHY.
l-f3a BAa,.a;apa CAe,n;e BeAllKo,n;OCTojHllUll II ,n;p>KaBHll ,n;OCTO­
jaHCTBeHllUll II OHll, nonyT '!llTaBe ,n;pY>KllHe, o,n;eBeHll y
Haj60Iby o,n;eli.y Koja ce MO:>Ke Hali.ll. Meoy CBllMa lbllMa,
CaMO je KHe3 o,n;eBeH nonyT CeIbaKa, 3aorpHYT rpy60M ce­
Iba'!KOM O,n;OpOM, Te TaKO npllcryna OHOM MPaMOpy. Ho
CeIbaK KOjll Ha lLeMY ce,n;ll, yrAe,n;aBllIll BOjBO,n;y, nllTa Ha
je3llKY CAOBeHCKOM ll3 CBer rAaca: Ko je Taj, KOjll ,n;OAa3ll y
TaKO BeAllKoj pacKollIll? A Hapo,n; KOjll CTOjll YOKOAO
o,n;roBapa My: HallI je TO HOBll BAa,n;ap, KOjll ,n;OAa3ll npe­
Y3eTll ,n;p>KaBy. CeIbaK Ta,.a;a nOHOBHO 3anllTa: Je All OH
npaBe,n;aH cy,n;llja? Te>Kll All OH ,n;o6po6llTll ,n;OMOBllHe? Je
All OH CAo6o,n;aH II cp'!aH '!OBeK, ,n;OCTojaH II '!aCTaH, npaBll
xPllllIli.aHllH, 6paHllTeIb II llIllpllTeIb CBeTe Bepe? A Ha CBa­
KO o,n; TllX nllTaa,a nyK o,n;roBapa: ,lla, ,n;a, OH TO jeCTe II
TaKO li.e '!llHllTll. KOHa'!HO ceIbaK ,n;o,n;a: H3 Kojer Me OH TO
pa3Aora >KeAll YKAOHllTll C OBor ce,n;llllITa? Ha TO My rpocp
40 ropll'IKH OBaKO o,n;rOBapa: 3a ce,n;aM,n;eceT ,n;eHapa li.e OTKY­
nllTll o,n; Te6e TO MeCTO, a >KllBOTlllbe li.e OBe, Ko6HAa II
KpaBa, 6llTll TBoje. ,llo6llli.ellI o,n;eli.y KOjy KHe3 Ha ce6ll HO­
Cll II 6llli.ellI cAo6o,n;aH Tll II ,n;OM TBOj, 6e3 nAali.alba llKa­
KBor ,n;aHKa. TIyqaHllH Ta,n;a Ka>Ke KHe3Y, AaraHO My Ay­
nllBllIll PYKOM Allue, HeKa 6y,n;e npaBe,n;aH cy,n;au, O,n;HOCHb
HeKa no npaBy cY,ll;ll. Clloe Ta,.a;a C OHor MPaMOpa II XllTpO
HanyCTll TO MeCTO C KpaBOM II Ko6HAOM. Ha TO ce KHe3
nonHe Ha BeAllKll KaMeH Te ll3BYKaBllIll Ma'I ll3 Kopllua,
CTpora ll3pa3a, 3aMaxHe lLllMe II oKpeHe ce yqllHllTll TO
llCTO ca CBaKe CTpaHe KaMeHa, He 6ll All Ha Taj Ha'!llH,
KaKO ce 'IllHll, o6eli.ao npaBe,n;aH cy,n;. HaAO>KllBllIll ,n;a My
ce ,n;OHece Bo,n;e, jaBHo nllje ll3 CeIba'IKOr KAo6YKa (llIenm­
pa), BaIb,n;a y 3HaK Tpe3BeHoCTll, Tj. Te ,n;a ce Heli.e ,n;aTll
no,n;MllTllTll BapIbllBllM y,n;06HocTllMa TOAllKllX ,n;parou:e­
HOCTll. CllllIaBllIll nOTOM c KaMeHa, C 'IllTaBOM ce ,n;PY>Kll­
HOM 3anyTJI y 06All:>K1f,y UPKBY, Te o,n;CAYllIaBllIll TaMO Haj­
cBe'!aHlljy OTneBaHY CAY>K6y Koja ce 3aMllCAllTll MO>Ke,
CKHHe CeIba'IKY o,n;eli.y, npe,n;a llX ceIbaKY C MpaMopa, Te ce
npecByqe y BAa,.a;apcKj' o,n;opy. Ce,n;HyBllIll 3aTJIM 3a CTO ca
CBllM nAeMllli.llMa II BeAllKallIllMa, '!aCHO o6e,oyyje II BpaTJI
ce Ha AllBa,ll;y, r,n;e Ha Cy,n;llllITy 3a TO npllnpaaIbeHOM ,n;eAll
134
npaB,n;y OHOMe KO je 3aTpa>Kll HAll naK, y CKAa,ll;y C 06ll­
'IajllMa Te 3eMIbe, ,n;apyje noce,n;e II AeHa, KaKO My je aeli.
3ro,n;HJIje. OnnmpHJIje 0 TOMe y CBOjOj EBpOnJI npllnOBe,n;a
EHea CHABllO, KacHllje [nana] TIJIO II, KOjJI 6ejallle
npllcyTaH TOM o6pe,n;y y KapaHTaHlljJI. Y'!BPCTllBlllll ,n;aKAe
cBoje KpaIbeBCTBO, CAOBeHll ce CYK06IbaBaxy '!eCTO C
<ppaHU:JIMa. OBll OKj'llJIllIe BeAllKO MHOlllTBO IbY,ll;ll no,n;
BOOCTBOM AHXll3a, ou:a TIllnJIHa HajMAaoer, KOjll 6ejallle
,n;BOPCKJI ynpaBJITeIb cppaHa'IKOr KpaIba Teo,n;opJIKa, Te
ro,n;llHe 667. 3aMeTHYllle ca CAOBeHJIMa 60j ll3 Kojer JI3aoO­ naliOlillu
llIe nOpa>KeHll, a AHXll3 (KaKO CBe,n;O'!ll JoxaH ABeHTllHYc y nOpwlCeliu 00
C.noeeHa, a
'!eTBPTOj KH>ll3ll) ll3ry6JI :>KllBOT Y 6llU:JI. HaKOH HeKor Bpe­
AHXU3 U3i?!J6u
MeHa, 3aBa,.a;JIllIe ce CAoBeHll C XaKaHOM, KpaIbeM ABapa, JlCUeom y
llaKO JI OBll 6ejaxy Hapo,n; CAOBeHCKll KOjll y CBOjOj BAaCTJI 6ullu.
,n;p:>KallIe BaBapcKY, na xapaxy nycTollleli.JI lbllXOBY 3eMIbY,
TaKO ,n;a XaKaH Ha Kpajy 6ellle npJICllIbeH HanycTllTJI je. 41
CTom ro,n;llHe 805. (KaKo TBp,n;e TIeTap CYCPPJI,n;JI JI onaT
PerJIHOH y ,n;pyroj KH>ll3ll CBor AeTOnllca) XaKaH ,n;ooe u:apy
KaPAy BeAllKOM, Tpa>Keli.JI o,n; a,era MeCTO ll3Meoy Ca6a­
PJIje JI KapaHTaHJIje r,n;e 6ll ce HaCTaHllO, jep ,n;a, npeMa
lberOBllM TBp,n;lbaMa, He MO:>Ke BJIllIe npe6llBaTJI Ha npBO­
6llTHOM CBOM 60paBlllllTy 360r CTaAHllX HenplljaTeIbCKHx
yna,.a;a y a,eroBY 3eMIbY, ll3 Koje ra CAOBeHJI KOHa'!HO llCTe­ C.noeeliu
ucmepajy
parne 3aje,n;HO C XYHJIMa. CAOBeHJI ce, HallMe, Ta,.a;a no,n;
XYHeU3
BOOCTBOM TIpllMllcAaBa, t.{eMllKaCa, CTOllMJIpa II OTorepa, 1bUXoee
HaCTaHJIllle OKO peKe ,llpaBe, o,n; 6aBapCKllX rpaHllu:a ,n;aIbe. 3eM..1be.
He,n;yro HaKOH Tora OHJI CAOBeHJI KOjll HaCTalLaaaxy Kpa­
C.noeeliu
jeBe OKO ,llyHaBa JI y HOPllKj', y,n;PY>KllBlllll ce C BaBapUJI- lianaoajy
Ma, HacpHyllle Ha rOPlby TIaHOHJIjy Koja, npeMa PllMCKllM iiOp1bY
OnJICJIMa, 06YXBaTa npoCTOp ll3Meoy,llyHaBa, CaBe II ,llpa­ nalioliujy.
Be. KpeHYllle 3aTJIM OPY>KjeM HQ ,llaKlljy C ,n;pyre CTpaHe
CaceKY
,llyHaBa, r,n;e pa36llllIe, nOTyKOllIe II caceKOllle OCTaTKe ocmamKe
ABapa JI XYHa. TIOKOPJIBlllll 3eMIbe CBe ,n;o Ylllli.a CaBe, Aeapa.
npeMa npll'Ialby JoxaHa ABeHTllHYCa y 'IeTBPTOj Klbll3ll,
yTeMeIbllllIe TaMO Haceo6llHe Baaapaua JI CAOBeHa. HCTll CnoeeHcKa
liaCe.Jba y
ayTop 3aTllM Ka>Ke KaKO rOTOBO llCTOBpeMeHO KOHCTaHTJI­
J!.aKUju.
HOnOIbCKJI u:ap HllKecpop nOCAa KapAY BeAJIKOM JI3aCAaHll­
Ke, TIeTpa 6llCKYlla II KaAJICTa. ,llBojJIu:a BAa,.a;apa CKAOnll­ M.nupuKje
llle TaKO Mllp [812. ro,n;JIHe) Te 6ll 3aKIbyqeHo KaKO KapAY noOe.1beli
U3.MeOy oea
npllna,.a;ajy TIaHoHllja, ,llaKJIja. HCTpa, All6ypHllja JI ,llaA­
llapa.
Mau:JIja, ll3Y3eB CBem HeKOAllKO npJIMOpCKllX rpa,n;OBa npe­
nylllTeHJIX HllKecpopy. He,n;yro HaKOH Tora, 6y,n;yli.ll ,n;a ,llaA­
MaTJIHU:llMa 6ejallle Beli. MpCKa npeBPTIbJIBOCT rpKa, no­
J!.QJ/.MamuIi1,lu
CAallIe KapAY BeAllKOM cBoje JI3aCAaHJIKe TIaaAa, HaMeC­ Ul.a.Jby U3ac.na­
HllKa 3a,n;apCKor, JI ,lloHaTa, 6llCKYna JICTOra rpa,.a;a, C no­ IiUKe Kap.ny U
PYKOM ,n;a ce nOKopaBajy KpyHll cppaHa'!Koj. ,llo3HaBllIll 3a 6Ylie ce npo­
no6yHY ,llaAMaTllHau:a, HllKecpop nora3ll MJIP C KapAOM JI mueTpKa.
nOCAa C BOjCKOM Y ,llaAMaU:lljy HJIKeTy TIaTpJIU:llja KOjll,
135
 -'
y6p30 HaKOH CBor .ll:OAaCKa, He caMO.ll:a nOBpaTH OHO llITO Y
fIodena llaAMaU:HjH 6ellIe rp'lKO, Hero H MHoro BHllIe O.ll: Tora. Ho,
,aa.n.M.aTJujeHaKOH CMpTH KapAOBe H HHKecPopoBe, a 6ellIe TO ro.ll:HHe
U3M.e/)y TJapeea
lIydoeUKa U OCaMCTO ocaMHaeCTe, i\Y.ll:OBHK IIo602KHH, CHH KapAOB, no­
lIaea. .ll:eAH ,llaAMaU:Hjy C KOHCTaHTHHonOIbCKHM u:apeM MBOM. Y
TO ce BpeMe lhY.ll:eBHT CAOBeH, rocnO.ll:ap .ll:oae naHoHHje,
42 Koja ce .ll:aHaC 30Be IIo2Kera, no6YHH npoTHB u:apa i\Y.ll:OBH­
Ka 6y,zryllH .ll:a My Taj YCKpaTHO TIAanaae. H3a3Ba CTpaIIIHY
pa3japeHoCT Y HCro'lHOj BasapcKoj, npH.ll:06HBllIH 3a ce6e
Byrape, KapaHTaHu:e H .ll:eo Kpaaau:a, Te 3aY3e BeAHK .ll:eo
ropae naHOHHje. CBe TO HaTepa i\Y.ll:OBHKa .ll:a ca30Be Y
fIycmow.e
TupUHZUjy. AxeHY 3eMaIbCKH ca6op, r.ll:e H3Me}jy OCTaAOr 6H O.ll:pe}jeHO
.ll:a BojcKa H3 HTaAHje KpeHe y naHoHHjy npOTHB lhY.ll:e­
BHTa. A lhY.ll:eBHT, H3allIaBllIH H3 oKpllIaja C HenpHjaTeIbeM
Kao no6e.ll:HHK, nOCTa (KaKo nHllIe AHMOH y KaH3H 2,
nOrAaBIbY 106) jOlli OXOAHjH Hero paHHje. YcnpKOC TOMe, no
CBOjHM nOKAHCapHMa 3aTpa2KH O.ll: u:apa MHp y3 O.ll:pe}jeHe
YCAOBe, y3 o6enaae .ll:a ne, aKO OHH 6y,zry HcnyaeHH,
yqHHHTH CBe llITO MY 6Y.ll:e HaA02KeHO. Uap naK, He
npHXBaTHBllIH noro.ll:6y KOjy My je lhY.ll:eBHT HY.ll:HO, O.ll:aCAa
cBoje nOKAHcape HY.ll:enH .ll:pyra'lHjy no ro.ll:6y y3 .ll:Pyre
YCAOBe. lhY.ll:eBHT HX O.ll:6H H O.z:t.AyqH HCTpajaTH y CBOM pa­
TOBaay, Te nOKYIIIa npH.ll:06HTH cyce.ll:He HapO.ll:e H nO.ll:HllH
HX Ha Hore. TyHyqaHH (THMO'laHH), HapO.ll: HaCTaaeH y
6AH3HHH ByrapcKe (npeMa TBp.ll:aaMa A6paxaMa OpTeAa).
no6JHH ce npoTHB Byrapa y 2KeIbH .ll:a npHCTaHe y3 u:apa,
HO lhY.ll:eBHT HX CBOjOM BelliTHHOM HaroBopH .ll:a HanyCTe
u:apa H.ll:a ce npHKAOHe aeMy. Ha nOBpaTK)' u:apeBe BojcKe
H3 naHOHHje, cPYPAaHCKor BOjBO,zry Ka,n:aAoxa cnona,n:e
rp03HHu:a H OH npeMHHY, a Ha aerOBO MeCTO .ll:o}je BaA.ll:e­
pHK. lbeMY ce, naK, Ha yAacK)' y nOKpajHHY KapaHTaHau:a .
KOjH nOTna,n:axy no.ll: aeroBY ynpasy, cynpoTCTaBl:!<
lhY.ll:eBHTOBa BojcKa, HO BaA.ll:ePHK ra, jypHllIajynH Ha aera
JIY'>K peKe ,llpaBe, HaTepa y 6eKCTBO. ,llaAMaTHHCKH BojBO.ll:a
BopHa CK)'TIH CHARY BOjCK)' H HacpHy Ha lhY.ll:eBHTa KO.ll:
peKe KOAanHje, KOjy CAOBeHH (KaKO Ka2Ke i\au:) 30BY Kyna.
Ha caMOM nO'leTK)' 6HTKe BoPHY HanYCTHllIe IY.ll:YllI'laHH ,
Hapo.ll: TaKo}je HaCTaaeH y 6AH3HHH ByrapcKe, HO ycnpKoc
TOMe, y3 nOMon TeAOXpaHHTeIba H3 cBoje rap.ll:e, BojBO.ll:a ce
cnaCH Tora .ll:a na.ll:He Y pYKe HenpHjaTeIbY· Y TOj 6HU:H
na,n:e lhY.ll:eBHTOB TaCT ,llparoMJ)K, KOjH y nO'leTK)' lhY.ll:eBH­
TOBe no6JHe 6ejallie HanYCTHO 3eTa H npHCTyIIHO BOpHH.
43110K ce IY.ll:YllI'laHH Bpahaxy K)'nH, BopHa HX nOHOBHO
nOT'lHHH. Ho lhY.ll:eBHT HCKOPHCTH Ty npHAHK)' H y}je y
llaAMaU:Hjy ca CHa2KHOM BOjCKOM, 2KapenH H naAenH CBe
npe.ll: C060M. BopHa, YBH.ll:eBllIH .ll:a My ce He M02Ke paB­
HonpasHo .ll:HpeKTHO cynpoTcTasHTH, CKAOHH Ha CHI)'PHO y
TBp}jaBe CBa cBoja .ll:06pa, Te C HeKOAHU:HHOM Hajxpa6pHjHx
136
CBOjHX IbY.ll:H CTa,n:e MyqHTH lhY.ll:eBHToBY BOjCK)'. 'lac C
6oKa, 'lac H3 n03a,n:HHe. n06HBllIH Ha Taj Ha'lHH TpH
XHIba,n:e HenpHjaTeIbCKHX BojHHKa H o,zry3eBllIH HM TpH
CTOTHHe KaMHAa, npHMopa HX .ll:a H3a}jy H3 aeroBe 3eMIbe.
Y Meceu:y jaHyapy i\Y.ll:OBHK ca3Ba jOlli je.ll:aH 3eMaIbCKH
ca60p y AxeHY, r.ll:e 6H O.z:t.AyqeHO.ll:a ce cK)'ne TpH BojcKe Ha
TpH pa3AH'lHTa MeCTa H .ll:a ce HCTOBpeMeHO nOlliaIbY .ll:a
nYCTOllie lhY.ll:eBHTOBe 3eMIbe H .ll:a ce TaKO o6Y3.ll:a aeroBa
xpa6poCT. npBa BojcKa y}je y lhY.ll:eBHTOBe 3eMIbe npe­
llIasllIH AAne y HopHK)', .ll:pyra H3 KapaHTaHHje, a Tpella
npeKO BaBapCKe H ropae naHoHHje. ,llBe O.ll: Te TpH BojcKe,
O.ll:HOCHO OHa 3.ll:eCHa H OHa CAeBa, npHCTHrollie C no­
npHAH'lHHM 3aKalliaeaeM, jep 6ejaxy Hana.AHYTe npH npe­
AacK)' AAna. Ho OHa y Cpe.ll:HHH, Koja je npOAa3HAa Kp03
KapaHTaHHjy, 6ellIe 60Ibe cpene, jep je TpH nyTa CBAa.ll:aAa
HenpHjaTeIba H npera3HBllIH peK)' ,llpaBY KOHa'lHO CTH2Ke
Ha O.ll:pe.ll:HllITe. YnpKOC CBeMY TOMe, lhY.ll:eBHT ce HHje
npHnpeMao, HHTH nOK)'llIa CKAOnHTH MHp C npOTHBHHKOM.
TPH ce BojcKe cnojHllIe H CTa,n:OllIe 2KapHTH H naAHTH
lhY.ll:eBHTOBOM 3eMIbOM. Ho BojcKa Koja ce 6ellIe npo6HAa
Kp03 ropay naHoHHjy, npH npeAacK)' ce peKe ,llpaBe
pa360AH O.ll: 3ara}jeHor Ba3.AYXa Te MHorH 6opU:H nOyMHpa­
llIe. Te TpH BojcKe 6ejaxy 3.ll:pJ)KeHe BojcKe CaCKe, HCTO'lHe
¢lpaHu:ycKe, HeMa'lKe, BaBapCKe H HTaAHje. A HaKOH llITO
cy ce BojcKe BpaTHAe K)'llH, KapMOAaHU:H, HaCTaaeHH y
OKOAHU:H peKe CaBe rOTOBO y3 cPYPAaHCKe rpaHHu:e, npe­
.ll:a,n:OllIe ce BaA.ll:epHK)', llITO yqHHH H oHaj .ll:eo KapaH­
TaHau:a KOjH 6ellIe npHllIao lhY.ll:eBHTy. OH naK, BH.ll:eBllIH
.ll:a H3 HTaAHje .ll:OAa3H y naHoHHjy CHa2KHa BojcKa, Hanyc-
TH rpa,n: CHCaK H O.ll:e .ll:aAMaTHHCKHM Copa6HMa. IIpe6H­
BajynH TaMO, ca3Ha .ll:a ra je.ll:aH O.ll: TaMOllIaHX KHe2KeBa
2KeAH H3.ll:aTH, Te ra 3aTO je.ll:HOra .ll:aHa YCMpTH H aarocno­
.ll:apH aeroBHM rpa,n:OM. nopyqH nOTOM u:apy .ll:a 2KeAH pa3­
roBapaTH C aHM Ha HeKOM CHI)'pHOM MecTy. BY.ll:YllH.ll:a My 44
je TO O.ll:6HjeHo, npeceAH ce K i\a,n:H CAOBeHY, yjaK)'
BOPHHHOM Kojer je HaKOH BopHHHe CMpTH u:ap i\Y.ll:OBHK
nOCTaBHO 3a HaMeCHHKa y ,llaAMaU:HjH. BopaBenH TaMO
HeKO BpeMe, lhY.ll:eBHT KOHa'lHO na,n:e KaO 2KpTBa i\a,n:HHe
H3.ll:aje. TaKO HanYCTH oBaj cBHjeT CAaBHH lhY.ll:eBHT. lbe­
roBa cy paTOBaaa npOTHB pa3HHX HapO.ll:a H MHOI'M aeroBH
nO.AYXBaTH 3a6eAe2KeHH (KaKO Ka2Ke JoxaH ABeHTHHYC) y
nepraMeHTCKoj KaH3H Koja ce qysa y MaHaCTHpy Ha YMY,
r.ll:e ce TaKo}jep HaAa3e nO.ll:aU:H 0 MHorHM .ll:pyrHM CAO­
BeHCKHM paTHHM nOXO.ll:HMa. Ynpaso TH CAOBeHH, .ll:aKAe, CnoeeH.U
3a BpeMe BAa,n:aBHHe cPpaHa'lKOr Kpalba APHYAcPa, y}jOllie y yJl.Q3e y cjJpa-
TO KpaIbeBCTBO, Te 360r HeKHX HenpaB.ll:H Koje cy HM H.a'!Ke 3eMJbe,
HaHeTe nO'lHHHllIe TaKBe CHAHe llITeTe y B HeKOAHKO zOe H.aH.OCe ee-
JlUlce wmeme.
nOKpajHHa.ll:a APHYAcP AH'lHO KpeHY Ha aHX. Ho aeroBa
137

BojcKa 6ll pa36lljeHa llCTprreBIIIll ClllI.Ha 3AOCTaBlhaIha,
MopaBCKll, rroyqllBIllH rrpe TOra xpHwhaHcKoj BepH Byra­
llopase U ca­ KaKO ce "'IllTa KO,l\ PerllHOHa y 2. KIhll3ll. AyTop Taj rrllIlle
pe, Cp6e II ,l\aAMaTHHCKor Kpalba CBeTOrreAeKa, Te HaKOH
celCY eojc/cy
KaKO APHYA<py, napy II KpalbY <ppaHa"'IKOM, Ka,n; ce rO,l\llHe
rjJpaHa'iICOl
KpWba 891. 3aTeKHY YHYTap 6aBapCKllX rpaHllna He 6ll All cY36ll0
ApHy.rujJa. CAOBeHCKe Harra,n;e, 6ll ,l\ojaBlheHO ,l\a cy HerrplljaTelhll ll3­
BpIllllAll CTpaIllaH rrOKOlh IherOBllX lhy,l\ll II O,l\HeAll rr06e.llY.
fy6llTaK BepHllX lhy,l\ll ra CllARO paCTYJKH, a 3aTllM Y3All­
Illyhll 3arrO"'Ie Ty2KalbK)' CBOjy, H~ro Hll:a<:yhll <ppaHa"'IKe
rr06e,l\e, 3axBalbyjyhH KojHMa cy ,l\0 TOr BpeMeHa 6Hllli
roTOBO Herr06e,l\llBH, ,l\a 6H Ta,n;a rrpBH I1yT 6Hllli HaTepaHH
y 6eKCTBO rrpe,l\ CAOBeHCKllM rrpOTHBHHnHMa. CAOBeHll
CnooeHu rraK, KpeHYSIllH ,l\albe y CBOjHM rrOXO,l\llMa, 3aY3eIlle 3eMlhY
3ay3U.Majy Koja rro penH MapaxaBH. O,l\HOCHO MopaBH, 6ejaIlle rrpo­
Mopaec/cy. 3BaHa MapaBaHHja, a 3aTHM MOpaBCKa (KaKO rrHIlle Bea­
. ryc PeHaHYC y rrpBoj KIhH3H cBoje repMaHllje). I1CTepaBIllll
~~:::;:! OCTaTKe MapKOMaHa, HaCTaHHIlle ce y THM KpajeBllMa
MapKOMaHa. rrpoIllHpyjyl'm yseAHKO cBoje napCTBO. HallMe (KaKO rrllwe
KOJIUICO ce <PpaHnHCK I1peHHK y 12. KIhH3H), KpalbeBCTBO MOPaBCKHX
npotn.e/lCe CAoBeHa 06YXBaTame TaKOoe YrapcK)', lfeIllK)' H PyCHjy H
MopaeC1co
Kpalbeecmeo. OCTa TaKBHM CBe ,l\OK BAa,n;awe CBaTOrrAYK, rrpeTrrOCAe,l\IhH
Hapae Pyca, MOPaBCKll Kpalb. 0 IheMY iljep<ppaH"'IeCKO 1JaM6yA1\apH
llOJbG.Iro, OBaKO rrHIlle y 1. KIhll3H: ,llpJICaIlle OH He CaMO MHpHllMa,
MopQ6a~a U Hero H MllpOlhy6HBHMa, PyClljy, ilOlhCK)', MopaBCK)' H lfeIll­
T.Jexa C 1 C l l O H a . . 6 y MopaecKOj.
""y'
Op~"
K)', rrOKpaJllHe rrpllpO,l\HO rrpHBpJICeHe OpYJKJY H oraTe
•
MopaeC1CU lhY,l\CTBOM KOJHM 6ll ce MorAe CMeAO rrOCAYJKHTll II y HaJBe-
CJlOOeHU ayzo hllM rrOAyxBaTllMa. TH MopaBcKll CAOBeHH (rrpeMa ll3BeIll­
pamooaxy c TajllMa BOA<praHra J\ana y KIhll3ll 9) rrOBe,l\OIlle MHore
r:;:~::~'u paToBe C <ppaHnHMa, repMaHllMa II CaCllMa. 3a,n;ame Ta-
CaCUMa. Kooe BeAllKe MYKe ilOAOBnHMa, ,l\aHac TaTapllMa (KaKO rrll­
45 Ille PemHOH y 2. KIhll3ll). MapTHH KpoMep H JaH LJ:y6PaBllj
J].o lCaaa orrIllHpHo rrHcaxy 0 TOM KpalbeBCTBY, Koje rroTpaja ,l\0 ro­
nompaJa
MopaoclCa ,l\llHe 991, Ka,n;a ra, HaKOH CMpTH Kpalba CBeBAa,n;a, 3a-.
KpalbeeuHa. rrOCe,l\HYIlle YrpH, ilolhanH H BellliKllM ,l\eAOM lfecH. Mo­
Koje 'fiHPllll. 6ejame rrpe06paTllO Ha Bepy XpllCTOBY II KO­
MopaeclCa paBcKa rrOCTa xpllIllhaHCKa 3eMlha, KaKO TBp,l\H BjeHne­
nocmaje CAaB lfex, 3a BpeMe BA8,l(aBHHe MOpaBCKOr Kpalba CBa-
HOBH 3aBeT, XTe,l\Owe ,l\a ce Mllca II 60rocAYJKeIhe ,l\pJICe II
XPUtuhaHCIro B"
se.M.lba. TOI1A~, C rrpeCTOHHnO M y eAerp~, KOJll ca CBOJllM Ha-
PO,l\OM rrpHMll xpllwhaHCTBo O,l\ <plllI.030<pa rmpllll.a. Pa­
Hllje 3BaHor KOHCTaHTHH. BY.llYhll ,l\a OH 6eIlle rrpoCBe­
THTelh KO,l\ Byrapa, PaIllaHa H OCTMHX CAoBeHa H3 ,llaAMa-
JKueom nHje H MopaBcKe, rrOMHCAllO caM KaKO je HYJKHO YKpaTKO
1i.UpuJtQ llcrrpHrrOBe,l\llTll IheroB 2KllBOT Ha TeMelhY TBp,l\Ihll ilorra
npoceemume- D,yKn,aHHHa, JaHa ,lly6paBcKor, Kao H ABrycTHHa MopaB­
.lba CJlOeeHa. CKor y 6llorpa<pHjaMa Ha,n;6HcK)'rra H3 OAoMoyna. rmpllll.
6lljaIlle PO,l\OM rpK, a pO,l\H ce y TecMoHHKH, ,l\aHac Co-
AYHY, O,l\ ona l\.aBa ll3rrAeMllhKe rrOpO,l\Hne. I1crrpBa ce
3BaIlle KOHCTaHTllH <PHA030<p. rO,l\HHe 887. rrOCTa rrorAa­
BapoM BeAerpa,n;cKe npKBe OMYKOM Xa,n;plljaHa, Tpehera
pllMcKor rrarre Tor HMeHa. BejaIlle TaKOoe rrpBll Ha,n;6llCK)'IT
138
-
IhllX MopaBcKor Kpalba CBaTorrA~, 3aje,l\HO C "'IllTaBHM
IheroBHM HapO,l\OM, KojeM ce rpaHlllle rrpoTe3axy AY2K TOKa
peKe BHCAe, ,llyHaBa H Bara. HaKOH rreToro,l\llwIher
yrrpaBlhaH.a MOPaBCKOM npKBOM, nllpllll. ce O,l\peKHY Tor
,l\OCTojaHCTBa, Te y3 HaroBOP rrarre CTe<paHa, HaCAeAHHKa
Xa,n;pHjaHoBa, rrOCTaBH Ha Taj rroAoJICaj CBor 6paTa Me­ Memoa,opam
TO,l\a, rrpeMa KojMe ce Kpalb CBaTOI1AYK MAaOll BpAO Aowe 1i.upuJtoo u
rrOHeo. HallMe, OTllIllaBIllH je,l\HOM y AOB, HMOJKll Ha,n;­ HaaouclCYn
6HCK)'rry Mero.llY ,l\a He CAYJKH MllCY rrpe IheroBa rrOBpaTKa. MopaeclCU.
MeTO,l\ rrpH"'IeKa ,l\0 rrO,l\HeBa, HO HarpHJKeH CYMIhOM KaKO
6H BOJKllja cAYJK6a MorAa THMe 6HTll OMMOBa2KeHa, Te
Bll,l\eBIllll ,l\a HapO,l\, KOjH ce OK)'ITHO y BeAllKOM 6pojy,
rrO"'IHH>e HanYIllTaTll npKBY, He XTe,l\e AY2Ke "'IeKaTll HHTll
rrOIllTOBaTll HMor KpalbeB, Te CTa,n;e CAYJKllTll CAYJK6y. Ka,n;
KpQJb
CeamonJtylC
OH Beh 6eIlle 3a OATapOM, CTHJlCe Kpalb OKpYJKeH MHOW­ liapyJ/CU
TBOM AOBana II "'IOrrOpOM rraca, Te CMeCTa YOe Y npKBy y3 Memoaa.
TOrrOT II AaBe2K rraca H MaIllll ce oPYJKja. JeABa ce CY3,l\pJKll
46
O,l\ Tora ,l\a paHll II caMora Ha,n;6llcK)'ITa, aAll 3aTO rr06ana Memoa Oe:>ICU
Ha 3eMlhY CBe IllTO 6eIlle Ha oATapy. Mero,l\ OTrryTOBa 6e3 y T.Jew.ICY U
OMaraIha II rrpeoe y lfeIllK)', re ll30rrIllTH Kpalba II 3a6paHll saopafOyje
60rocAYJKeIhe y "'IllTaBOM KpalbeBCTBY. 3a,n;PJKll ce HaKpaT­ 002oCJ!Y:JICefOe
KO y lfeIllKoj H O,l\e y PilM, r,l\e 3aTeKHY CBor 6paTa nllpllll.a.
He.nyro ra rrOTOM rrOHOBHO rr030BY y MOpaBCK)', HO BH,l\eB­ Bpahacey
IllH KaKO je Kpalb, "'IOBeK OXOA II orraK, CHARO oKpyTaH rrpe­ MopaeclCy.
Ma cBeIllTeHCTBY II He MoraBIllH rrO,l\HeTH TOAllKll ry6llTaK
H rrporraCT CBora CTa,l\a, BpaTll ce y PilM, r,l\e rrpeMllHy
ro,l\llHe 907. CaxpaHHIlle ra TaMO y npKBH CBeTor KAeMeH­
Ta, "'Illje TeAO 6paT MeTO,l\OB, CBeTll 1iHpllll., 6ejaIlle rrpeHeo
C KpHMcKor rroAyoCTpBa, ,l\aHaC 3BaHor ,l\OIha TaTapCKa. 1i.UpuJto
npeeoOu
<
ilpll"'Iajy JaH ,lly6paBllj II EHea ClllI.BllO KaKO CAOBeHH, Ceemo nuCMO
lia CJ!ooeliCICU
jllMa 6ejame rrpeBeo Ha IhllXOB CAOBeHCKll je3llK CTapll II jesulC.
CAYJKe Ha IhllXOBOM je3llK)'. ilpHMHBIllll ry CAOBeHCK)' MOA­
6y, PHMCKll je rrana ll3Hece rrpe,l\ 360p Kap,l\llHMa, r,l\e y
rro"'IeTK)' 6ejaIlle rrpllroBopa, HO O,l\Max ce rrOTOM 3aqyo
rAaC KOjH pe"'Ie: CBe .llYIlle HeK CAaBe rOcrrO,l\a II CBH je3Hnll
HeK llCrrOBe,l\ajy Bepy y Ihera. Ta,n;a CMeCTa 6ll y,l\OBOlheHo
CAOBeHcKoj MOA6ll yrryheHoj rranH, Te IhHXOBH CBeIll­ CnoeeHu
TeHHnH, a HapO"'IllTO OHll O,l\ llli6YMCKllX CAoBeHa, KOjH cy CJ!y:JICe MUCY
Ha ceOM
rrO,l\aHHnll HOpH"'IKOr Ha,n;BojBO,l\e, H ,l\aH ,l\aHaC CAYJKe MllCy
MamepfOe.M
H ,l\pyra 60rocAYJKeIha Ha CBOM MarepllIheM je3llK)', 6Y.llYhll jesulCy.
,l\a He 3Hajy Hll pe"'IH AaTllHCKor. IIlTaBHIlle, H CaMll KHe­
2KeBll HopHKa (KaKO rrHIlle JoxaH ABeHTHHYC y 4. KIhH3H)
YCBojllIlle CAOBeHCKO rrHCMO y jaBHllM crrHCllMa, Kao WTO
ce TO M02Ke Bll,l\eTH y npKBll CBeTor CTe<paHa y Beqy.
139

CAOBeHcKH Hapo,n: KOPHCTH ,n:Be BpCTe nHCMa, a IIITO He
C.lI.OOeH.u qHHe HH rpqH HH AaTHHH. Je.n.HO je nHCMO npOHaIIIaO l1H­
Kopucme aee PHAO H 30Be ce hHpHAHqa; .n.pyro je CMHCAHO CBeTH Jepo­
epcme nUCM.a. HHM, 30Be ce 6YKBHqa, a H3rAe,n:a OBaKO:
&") r X. 1t ir.: {.~. t. 1 hI :» ,
47
t & '"
u.r". '" , ~ -a; J. 9! f f r 1& I-( c: e
sir 'I'
f{
/ r S , It fll St tri e S It' Id
1'" 11fT1 Y JV1' jJ r1 MI J ~
1'tHpHAMqa ce naK nHIIIe OBaKO:'
~ f'A J,1htI4t rttJ. ,on .
a. ~ . uirt/~I. f,t:o. ilJl. lftUi/fi • ~ tr~fit .
1.m.. ~o . f. .[J,.(.. t.-:j:J. s~ ~
lie. i k4.i:J ."". muUti. ncur , ()J:1.J0teoE . ~. rbo .
/f. I. CC. J\ . M . ' - 0 1r·.f·"
',.~I' .• 1'., r.'
tJ,&4fl' • f.(~ • h.1";I.1t. o.~: tr . aaYl. c1UCrU . St(l( • $I(U •
m . ~.j. :p:+. w.CAJ·1 .v. 1\.. PJ .
Te .n.Be BpCTe nHCMa OCMHCAHIIIe (KaKO je peqeHO) CBeTH
JepOHHM H l1HpHA, Ha Koje BeqHH cnOMeH qysajy CAOBeHH,
a HapOqHTO qecH H IloIbaqH. Ta ,n:Ba KpaIbeBCTBa nOTeKO~ ~
CnooeH.CKa IIIe o.n. .n.HqHOra CAOBeHCKor Hapo.n.a KOjH, 3arocno,n:apHBIIIH
H.aCeJbay I1AHpHKOM, KpeHy OCHHBaTH cBoja HaceIba H Ha ceBepy,
'{eW.1Coj U O.n.HOCHO y,n:aHaIIIlboj qeIIIKoj H IloIbcKoj. 36H ce TO (npeMa
JIOJbC1COj.
3anHCHMa JaHa ,lly6paBcKor y 1. KlbH3H) Ha cAe.n.ehH Ha­
qHH. XpBaT no HMeHY qex 6eIIIe MY:>K ITAeMeHHT H Meoy
cBojHMa yseAHKe nOIIITOBaH. HexoTHqe HAM naK HaMepHo,
y6Hje je,n:Hora o.n. CBOjHX, qOBeKa BeAHKa yrAe.n.a. Ka,n: ra
360r TOra on'I')':>KHIIIe H XTe,n:OIIIe MY Cy,n:HTH, OH ce HHnOIII­
TO HHje XTeo nojaBHTH Ha cy,n;y. .n.OK lberoBH npoTHBHHqH
HHKaKO He o,n;yCTajaxy o.n. CBaKo.n.HeBHHX npora:tba:tba.
CTora HajBehH .n.eo XpBaTCKe YCTa Ha OPY:>Kje y 0.n.6paHY H
3aIIITHTy CBOjHX 3aKOHa npOTHB orAYIIIe:tba qexoBor. CXBa­
THBIIIH KOAHKa je cpr;r6a Hapo.n.a, qex He nOqeKa BHIIIe HH
TpeHYTKa, Hero .n.a 6H H36erao norH6eIb, Ha caBeT npHja­
TeIba oTnyTyje Ha BpeMe, O,n:AyqHBIIIH nOTpa:>KHTH HOBO
npe6HBaAHIIITe YMeCTO npB06HTHe cBoje .n.OMOBHHe. KpeHY
140
,.....,
TaKO y nOTpary 3a CHrypHHM YTOqHIIITeM H y,n:06HHM 60­
paBHIIITeM r,n:e 6H ce HaCTaHHO, a npH,n:py:arn My ce 6paT
lberOB Aex C PO,n:6HHOM, npHjaTeIbHMa, cAyraMa H C MHoro
,n:pyrHx Iby,n:H. 3anYTHIIIe ce OHHM nyTeM KOjH HX je npeKO
BaAepHje, CMeIIITeHe H3Meoy,llyHaBa H CaBe H Ta,n:a no,n:
BAaIIIhy XpBaTa, BO,n:HO y rop:tby IlaHoHHjy, y 6AH3HHH Mo­
pascKe. CKpeHYBIIIH ,n:aKAe y MOpaBCKY H OTKpHBIIIH ,n:a ce 48
OHa, Kao H BeAHKH ,n:eo CaCKe, HaAa3H y noce,n;y CAOBeHa,
'{ex cycpehe
CJweeH.e y
'Jt ~ HeKO ce BpeMe TaMO 3a,n:p:>KaIIIe. MOpasqH HX, ,n:03HaBIIIH
nOBO,n: lbHXOBa nyTOBalba, noyqHIIIe IIITO HM je qHHHTH Te
Mopaec1Coj U
CaC1COj
r HM 06jacHHIIIe KaKO ce He,n:aAeKO HaAa3H 3eMIba KOjy rep-
MaHH 30BY BoxeMHja H KOjy cy OHH HeKa,n:a HaceIbasaAH, a
TpeHyTHo je nYCTa H y nOTnYHoj H30AOBaHa, H3Y3eB IIIa­
qHqe BaH,n:aAa, TaKOoe po,n:a CAOBeHCKora, KOjH pa3acyTH BaH.aa.nu
CJl.ooeH.u.
npe6HBajy Ha HeKOAHKO MeCTa y ja,n:HHM HaceIbHMa, Te
KaKO ce TO qHHH npHKAa,n:HHM MeCTOM sa HOBH CTaH qe-
XOBe ,n:pY:>KHHe. qex TO npHXBaTH, THM pa,n:Hje IIITO MY 6H
jacHo ,n:a ce HaAa3H y nOAO:>Kajy ,n:a HeMa HHKaKBe KOPHCTH
pacnpaBIbaTH 0 nOHYoeHHM npe,n:A03HMa. KpeHyBIIIH ,n:aKAe
nOHOBHO Ha nyT H 3anyTHBIIIH ce npeBojeM XepqHHcKOr
ropja, H,n;yhH cBy,n:a MHPOIby6HBO H He ,n:HpajyhH HH y Kora,
CnyCTH ce qex y BoxeMHjy. Ky,n: ro,n: KpeHYO, MoraIIIe BH­
,n:eTH CBOjHM OqHMa OHO IIITO MY 6HAO HcnpHnOBe,n:aHO,
O,n:HOCHO ,n:a je BoxeMHja He06paoeHa, nycTa H HaCTa:tbeHa
.. CTa,n:HMa oBaqa H Kp,n:HMa roBe,n:a BHIIIe Hero Iby,n:HMa, KO­
jHX 6eIIIe BpAO MaAO, ,n:OK :arnBOTH:tba 6eIIIe 6e36poj. Iby,n:H
jjL Koje TaMO 3aTeKOIIIe He 6ejaxy HH MaAO YIbyoeHH, Hero
,n;yre Koce H AHCTOM naCTHpH. Y nOqeTKY, Ka,n: yrAe,n:aIIIe
qexoBe Iby,n:e, HHKa,n: npe BHoeHe, npeCTpaIIIHIIIe ce; HO
CXBaTHBIIIH ,n:a cy OHH lbHXOBe Hapo,n:HOCTH H npHjaTeIbH,
CMeCTa pa3MeHHIIIe n03,n:paBe rpAehH ce, Te ,n:oHocehH no-
KAOHe KojHMa 06H'IaBaxy ,n:apHBaTH npHjaTeIbe H roere, a
TO cy MAeKO, CHp H Meco. ,lla,n:OIIIe nOTOM qexoBOj ,n:py:arn-
HH Bo,n:Hqa ,n:a HX o,n:Be,n:e y ,n:Olby BoxeMHjy. CTHroIIIe TaKO
,n:o nAaHHHe IIITO ce Y3,n:H:>Ke H3MeOY peKa Aa6e H BATase, a
l1.Ji.aH.UH.a
TaMOIIIlbH je Iby,n:H 30BY Pamn, IIITO 3HaqH BH,n:HK, jep ce P;;cun
o,n:aTAe BH,n:e OKOAHa BeAHKa H npOCTpaHa nOIba. qex ce no­
ne Ha ITAaHHHY, Te rAe,n:ajyhH CBY,n: OKO ce6e. IlpoMaTpaIIIe
3a,n:HBIbeH 'lac He60 H qHCT Ba3,n;yx, 'lac ITAO,n:HO TAe, IIIyMe
H rajeBe noro,n:He 3a HcnaIIIY, na 6aqaIIIe norAe,n: Ha 6HCTpe
Bo,n:e H peKe 60raTe pH6oM. He MoraBIIIH BHIIIe KpHTH pa­
,n:OCT y ,n;yIIIH, Y3,n:HrHYTHx PYKY npeMa He6y CTa,n:e 3axBa­
IbHBaTH 60roBHMa Ha TOAHKHM 6Aaro,n:aTHMa. Y6H Ta,n:a '{ex npuH.OCU
x;;pmey
:>KpTBe Koje 6eIIIe nOHHO ca C060M, Te npHHece :>KpTBY 60­ 6ozoeUMa.
roBHMa, KaKO 6eIIIe 06Hqaj Tor Hapo,n:a. BpaTHBIIIH ce CBO­ 49
jHMa ,n:OAe y pasHHqH, YHece y cBe HOBO BeceIbe, 06ja­
BHBIIIH HM ,n:a je .n.OIIIAO BpeMe .n.a ce OKOHqa lbHXOBO .n.yro
H 6eCqHIbHO AyTa:tbe, Te nOTHqyhH HX .n.a Ha TOM MeCTj'
141
 ".....
carpMe KYne H HapOTfHTO ,na 06paljyjy 3eMlhY, KaKO He 6H
3aycmaeJba ce 6Hl\H npHCHlheHH JKHBjeTH caMO o,n AOBa H Ha Mecy nonYT
y Boxe.Muju. 3BepH. XpBaTH 6ejaxy BelllTH KaKO rpMIbH, TaKO H
paTapCTBY, Te CTOra CBaKO o,n IbHX PMOCHO H cnpeMHO
06ena TaKO yqHHHTH. Ho t{ex HaCTaBlhallle COKOAHTH HX H
nOTHl.l;aTH Ha Taj no.nyBaT. CTaHOBHHlllTBO Tor Kpaja ce
nOBena H CHAHO YMHOJKH ,nOAaCKOM KaKO BaH,nMa, TaKO H
,l(Cl.ll.M.amuHu.,u
llaAMaTHHaua, KOjH ce CAHBallle y BoxeMHjy KaO MecTO
npucmWKYY cnoKojHo H ,nMeKO o,n CBHX 6YHa H CTaAHHX paTOBaIba. Aex
BOXe.Mujy.. TMa, nOJKeAeBlllH H OH nOCTaTH 3aTfeTHHKOM je,nHor Hapo­
,na H Kpa.IbeBCTBa, npHcTynH CBOM 6paTY t{exy C MOA60M ,na
ra nYCTH Y nOTpary 3a HOBHM 60paBHlllTHMa H HOBHMa
KpajeBHMa, 3aje,nHO ca CBHMa OHHMa KOjH ra JKeAe CAe,nH­
TH. 06ena 6paTy ,na ne ce, He npoHalje AH CAY'lajHo TO lllTO
l1ex Hanywma TPaJKH, BpaTHTH K IbeMy. AaKo H3MOAHBlllH TO o,n 6paTa,
6pama. npelje TIAaHHHe Ha ceBepy Te CTU>Ke y KpajeBe KojH ce
rpeHYTHO HMa3e ,neAOMHue y noce.ny lllAeCKOM, a ,neAOM
nOlhCKOM. Aex, ynpaBo nonyT CBOr 6paTa t{exa, 6ellle y
CBOM no.nyXBaTy cpenHe pYKe H HaceAH Te KpajeBe HOBHM
Hapo,noM, nOKa3yjynH ce YBeK KpajIbe CKPOMHHM npeMa
CBeKOAHKoj CBOjOj TfelhMH, a HHKM TfaCTolhy6HBHM Hl\H
OXOAHM, ynpaBo OHaKO KaKO je TO TfHHHO H IberoB 6paT
t{ex. CTOra Hapao,n IbHXOB caqyaa BeTfHH cnOMeH Ha
060jHlJ;Y Te ce, npen03HajynH y IbHMa cBoje 3aTfeTHHKe,
tfecu nomutty np03Baxy no IbHMa TaKO ,na ce CBe ,no ,naHac BoxeMH no
00 tfexa, a
IIoJbau.,u 00 t{exy 30BY t{eCH, a lIolhaUH no Aexy AecH. Ta ,nBa Hapo,na
l1exa. HMajy nHcue CAaBHe H lhy,ne yqeHe, Meljy KojHMa BjeH­
uecAaB t{ex, MaTHja MjexoBHTa, JaH 1ly6PaBCKH (.llY6pa­
tfew/ru u BHj) H MaPTHH KpoMep H MHorH ,npyrH, KOjH cy onlllHpHo
nOJbc/ru nuCl6u.
nHCaAH 0 TfelllKHM H nOlhCKHM paToBaIbHMa H n06e,naMa.
Ko JKeAH yn03HaTH pa3Boj THX ,nBajy Kpa.IbeBCTaBa, MOJKe
npoyqHTH HaBe,neHe nHcue, jep ja ny ce 3MOBOlhHTH THMe
aKO KaJKeM, CAe,nenH yqeHor 1)aM6YMapHja, ,na t{elllKa H
50 lIolhcKa 6ejaxy yaeK npHpo,nHO npHBpJKeHe OpYJKjy H 60­
raTe lhy,nCTBOM KOjHM 6H ce MorAe CMeAO nOCAYJKHTH H y
HajBenHM nOTXBaTHMa. t{eCH npYJKHllle TfeCTO ,nOKa3e TOMe
y npHAor, Te 3Mallle MYKe He CaMO cyce,nHMa, Hero H Haj­
y,na.IbeHHjHM H HajMonHHjHM BAMapHMa, KaKO nHllle lIao­
11.0 EMHAH. OH Y 3. KIbH3H, npHTfajynH 0 paToBaIbHMa uapa
KapAa ,ll,e6eAor, OBaKO roBOPH: KapAO CHH ynYCTH ce Y Taj
no.nyxBaT y KOPHCT XYHa C HCTHM nperHyneM C KOjHM ce
npe Tora 6ejallle npOTHB IbHX 60PHO, HO IberoBe ra HMe
tfecu CWlHO H3HeBepHllle. OTKpH HaHMe, ,na cy t{ecH lhY.ll:H CHAHO xpa­
xpa6pu. 6pH,.nyxa HHnOlllTO AynelllKor, Hero TBp,nOKopHa nonYT
HCTHHCKHX npOTHBHHKa, a CYK06 H3Meljy t{exa H ¢lpaHaKa,
KOjH cy YKpOTHAU xyHCKY OXOAOCT, 6ellle no.nyxBaT HeCH­
ryPHHjH H onacHHjH o,n npeTxo,nHor cYK06a H3Meljy XYHa H
¢lpaHaKa. Hajn03HaTHjH H HajcAaBHHjH TfelllKH Kpa.Ib 6ellle
142
OTOKap V. lIpeMa npHTfaH.y JaK06a BHMncPeAAHHra y fep­ KpQJb
MaHCKHM UHTaTHMa, 6ejallle OH no HapaBH npe,naH CTM­ OmoKap,
HOM BojeBaIbY, MyJK CpTfaH H JKelhaH TelllKHX H CAaBHHX 1278. zoUuHe
no.nyxBaTa. lIpolllHpH cBoje UaPCTBO o,n BMTHTfKOr Mopa Ko.!!uK:l.l.M nod­
CBe ,no ,ll,yHaBa H JMpaHa. lIHllle Ha3apHje MaMepTHHCKH py'lje.M ana­
rowe Kpa.lb
,na t{eCH 6ejaxy O,nyBHjeK O,nAHTfHH CTpeAUH, a CBelllTeHHK OmoKap.
XeAMOA,.!:( HX y 5. norAaBlhY CAoBeHcKHX xpoHHKa Ha3HBa tfecu
paT060pHHM TIYKOM. Ho, lllTa TO rOBopHM 0 MymKapUHMa, pam06opHu.
KM H JKeHe H ,neBojKe H3 OHHX KpajeBa 6ejaxy je,nHaKO tfewKe .:i'ICeHe
no Hapaee
TaKO paT060pHe no HapaBH, a YMeAe cy, KaKO nHllle lnana] CK.!!OHe
lIHO ,ll,pyrH y CBOjOj t{elllKoj HCTOPHjH, jaxaTH KOIba H opy.:i'ICjy.
YBeJK6aBaTH ra 3a TpK, 3aoKpeHYTH Ha KOIbY, 60PHTH ce
KonlheM, HOCHTH OKAon H AYK, o,nanHIbaTH cTpeAe H 6aua­
TH Konlhe, HnH y AOB, He 3aHeMapyjynH HHTH je,nHY o,n
CTBapH y06HTfajeHHx 3a ,n06por BojHHKa Hl\H BHTe3a. Balll JKeHe
TO 6H Y3POK lllTO JKeHe cBojeBpeMeHO 3aBAMallle THM Kpa­ saanaoajy
lheBCTBOM (npeMa H3BelllTajHMa onaTa PerHHOHa y 2. KIbH­ ttewK:l.l.M ,r;pa­
JbeeCmeOM.
3H, lIHja ,ll,pyror H JaHa Jl.y6paBcKor). HaHMe BaAaCKa,
npaTHlha AH6Yllle, JKeHe lIpHMHcAaBa Kpa.Iba TfelllKOr, roT­ ,l(eeojKa
OBO nonYT HOBe lIaHTacHAeje AMa30HKe, KAOHenH ce 3aje,n­ BQ.J!acKa
HO C ,npyrapHUaMa MymKora ,npYlllTBa, Ha Kpajy noy6Hja anaaawe
tfew.KOM
MymKapue y 3eMlhH H OCTa Ha BAaCTH y t{elllKoj ce,naM ro­ ceoQ.M zoUuHa.
,nHHa, a y je,nHOM,n~ y6H ce,naM npOTHBHHKa. Bejallle TO
:>KeHa BpAO MY,npa H ,nOMHllllhaTa, Koja TaMO r,ne o,n CHAe He
6H nOMonH npH6eraBarue BapKaMa. lIoyqH Toj BelllTHHH H
CapKa :JK:eHa
,npyre JKeHe H3 ,npYJK6e, a HapOTfHTO CapKY, JKeHY noce6He .!!yKasa.
lhenOTe, a jOlll Bene AYKaBOCTH H OKPyTHOCTH. ,ll,a 6H yCMP­ 51
THAa CTHpMa. MAMHna CHaJKHOr H HajBener nporoHHTe­ tfexcycpene
lha THX t{eXHIba, HCKOPHCTH OBO AYKaBCTBO H BapKY. Hape­ C.!!oeeHe y
MopaecKoj u
,nH ,na joj Be:>KY PYKe H Hore 3a je,nHO CTa6A H nOCTaBe no­ Cacx:oj
Kpaj Ibe AOBaTfKH por H nocy.ny ca 3aTfapaHHM HanHTKOM
o,n Kojer 6H oHaj KO 6H ra HcnHO H3ry6HO naMeT. HMOJKH
nOTOM ,npyraMa CBOjHM ,na ce caKpHjy He,nMeKO y lllYMH.
TeK lllTO cy OTHlllAe :>KeHe, KM eTO TH CTHPMa KOjH H.nynH
y AOB npHcne Ha MeCTO r,ne 6ejallle Be3aHa AYKaBa CapKa.
BH,neBlllH je OHaKO CBe3aHY, CMHAOBa ce H ynHTa je 3alllTO
je ocyljeHa Ha TaKBe MYKe. ,ll,oMHllllbaTa ,neBojKa MY o,nro­
BOPH: BMaCKa je TaKO Hape,nHAa, jep je nOKajaBlllH ce 3a
3Ao,neAa lllTO 6ejax 3aje,nHO C IbOM npOTHB MymKapaUa no­
TfHHHAa, OMyqHl\H npeKHHyTH C TaKBHM JKHBOTOM H OTHnH
o,n Ibe. ,ll,03HaBlllH TO, ,nMe Me CBe3aTH KaKO 6HX YMpAa y
XHlha.ny MYKa. Ho 3aTfyalllH AaBe:>K TBOjHX naca H IbHcaK
KOIba, yTeKAa je cnaCHTH ce, C HaMepoM,na ce BpaTH BH,ne­
TH MOjy CMpT. MOAHM Te H 3aKAHIbeM y HMe TIAeMeHHTOCTH
TBoje, ,na Me OCA060,nHlll HAH ,na Me CBOjHM PYKaMa YCMP­
THlll, CaMO ,na He nMHeM nOHOBHO IbOj y pYKe. CTHpa,n je.
06Y3eT KOAHKO caMHAolllny, TOAHKO H lhenOTOM Ibe3HHOM,
0,nBe3a. lIpHYnHTaBlllH je 3a CBPXY nocy,ne H pora, OHa My
143

O,ll;roBOPH: HanHTaK je 6HO npHnpeMlheH ,ll;a ,lly)Ke nO)f(H­
BHM H,ll;a Moje M)'Ke TaKO,lly)Ke nOTpajy, a por cy MH xTjeAe
06eCHTH OKO BpaTa y 3HaK ,ll;a CaM 6HAa AOBall.. IbpeKaBIllH
TO, OTnH H3 nocY,ll;e ,ll;eo HanHTKa KOjH lbOj He MOra,ll;e
HaIllKO,ll;HTH, a OCTaTaK ,ll;a,ll;e CTHPaAY KOjH O,ll; Tora H3xy6H
naMeT. 3aTHM npHHece por YCHaMa, Y3 peqH: )KeAHM
3aCBHpaTH lbHMa y HHaT, a 3B)'K ce pa3AerHY 3PaKOM H
IllYMOM. qyBIllH 3B)'K pora, BaAaCKa H3abe C ,ll;pyraMa H3
BaJ!Q.c1ffi 3aCe,ll;e, Te YXBaTHIlle H CBe3aIlle HecpeTHor MAa,ll;Hna. O,ll;­
yxeamu u Be,ll;OIlle ra y BHIllerpa,ll;CKY TBpbaBY H noxy6HIlle npe,ll; Kpa­
nozyou lheM npHMHCAaBOM H qHTaBHM HapO,ll;OM. 0 TOM YCTaHKY
Cmupaoa.
qeIllKHX )KeHa nHO .l{pyrH nHIlle y CBOjoj qeIllKoj XpOHHll.H,
Kao H JaH .l{y6paBcKH, KOjH y,ll;pyroj KlbH3H K~e: KaKO
J]peaHu oou~aj HeKO He 6H nOMHCAHO ,ll;a je paT )KeHa npOTHB MyIllKapau.a
capMamclCUX y qeIllKoj n)'Ka H3MHIlllhOTHHa, Balba 3HaTH ,ll;a y Cap­
)l;;:~~m MaTHjH 6HO ,ll;peBHH 06Hqaj ,ll;a. ce )KeHe 60pe npOTHB MYIll­
uoeaoja1ffi u Kapall.a, KaKO nHIlle nOMnOHHJe MeAa. Ka,ll;a K~e ,ll;a ,lIyJK­
oopaCltUX HOCTH capMaTCKHX ,ll;eBojaKa 6ejaxy rabalbe A)'KOM H CTpe­
j//CeHa Y. AOM, jaxalbe H AOB, a O,ll;paCAHX )KeHa palbaBalbe HenpH-
CapMamujU. . 6 6 6 06Hlbe ,ll;ell.e . .l{HjaHH ,ll;a,ll;OIlle HMe )KHBAHA (1l3eBaHa) HAH
S2 JaTelha, Te Ka,ll; ro,ll; TO He H yqHHHAe, Ka3Ha H HM HAa
xy6HTaK ,ll;eBH"iaHCTBa. TaKBY CpqaHOCT nOKa3a TaKobe
MaTHAAa Koja, KaKO K~e [nanaj nHO .l{pyrH, 6eIlle qeIll­
Kor pO,ll;a. OHa ,ll;apOBa PHMCKOj UPKBH qHTaBY 3eMlhY Koja
)lapyje lIpK6U
ce npOCTHpe O,ll; MeCTa Pa,ll;HKocpaHO KaCTeA CaHece [BaH­
OaUtmuHY Ca.
,ll;eHO ,ll;H POHKoHej ,ll;0 qenapaHa H Koja ce ,ll;aHaC 30Be 6aIll­
IIempa.
THHa CBeTor neTpa. )KeHa IIAeMeHHTor je,ll;HOr KHe3a, POAH
MY CHHa KOjH KpaTKO nO)KHBe, a 360r CTpaIllHHX 60AOBa
npH nopobajy OMyqH He AenH BHIlle C M~eM. Y3,ll;pMaH
MamwtOa
THMe, ~ KpeHY op~jeM Ha )KeHY, Koja MY ce xpa6po
Hapedu oa
cynpoTcTaBH H y3 nOMon ,ll;06pe BojcKe OTepa ra O,ll; ce6e,
H>eHOMMYj//CY
na KaO n06ebeHOM Hape,ll;H,ll;a My 0,ll;py6e rAaBy. H He XTe,ll;e
oopyoe 2.JIa8y.
ce HHKa,ll; BHIlle y,ll;aTH. AAeCaH,ll;pO .l{ypaHTe, OnpaB,ll;aBajy-<
hH MaTHAAHH nOCTynaK, y,ll;pyroj KlbH3H K~e: .l{Be CTBa­
pH OnpaB,ll;aBajy MaTHAAHH OKpyTHH qHH: je,ll;Ha je BeAHKa
,ll;PCKOCT lbeHor ~a H Hepa360pHTOCT lberOBa, ,ll;OK je
TaMep.JtaH
,ll;pyra lbeHO nopeKAO, jep nOTHqe O,ll; paT060pHor H nOHOCH­
CKpUteH u
TOr HapO,ll;a qeIllKor. He 3aoCTaje HHMaAO 3a lbHM, HH no
nopQj//(e'f{ 00
CAaBH, HHTH no CpqaHOCTH, HapO,ll; nOlbCKH. npenYTaBIllH Ce)l;MH ,ll;aH MeCell.a MapTa, Ka,ll;a Kpalb MjeqHCAaB jaBHHM
IIo.lba1ffi.
6e36pojHe lbHXOBe n06e,ll;e, CnOMeHYny CaMO .>KH~H,ll;a,
Kpalba nOlhCKor, KOjH BHIlle nYTa nOTyqe ,ll;0 HCTpe6lhelba
CH~e BojcKe no,ll; BobCTBOM TaMepAaHa H BaTy-KaHa,
KaKO nHIlly BHHKO H3 BOBea, TOMa apXHbaKOH CnAHTCKH H
MjexoBHTa. Taj HapO,ll; 6ejaIlle nponaCT lbY,ll;CKOra pO,ll;a, Te
HaTepa y 6eKCTBO TaKobe H CHAHY BOjCKY BojBO,ll;e MOC­
AuaoHujau
KOBCKor, nOCeKaBIllH OCaM,ll;eCeT XHlba,ll;a lbY,ll;H. H3aIllaBIllH
IIOMepaHuja
CaaJl.aOaHe 00
H3 paTa C rOCnO,ll;apHMa AHBoHHje H nOMepaHHje Kao no-
IIO.lba1ffi.
6e,ll;HHll.H, CHAHO ce Y30XOAHBIllH, npHCHAHIlle HX CAe,ll;enHX
ro,ll;HHa Ha IIAallalbe ,ll;aHKa. Y3a CBe TO ce TyPll.H, y3 nOMon
144
-...,......­
caBe3HHKa CBOjHx BAaxa, 6ejaxy OCMeAHAH H3a3BaTH paT C
nOlball.HMa, HO OHH HX He CaMO npHCHAHIlle ,ll;a HanycTe
IIo.lbal,lu j//Cape
rpaHHll.e nOlbCKe y3 xy6HTaK HajBener ,ll;eAa CBOjHX lbYAH,
u nQ.lle
Hero IllTa BHIlle yna,ll;OIlle y BAaIllKe 3eMlhe, )KapenH H BlI.aUtICOM.
naAenH CBe OKO ce6e. TOAHKOj CHa3H BeAHKOr KHe3a KaKaB
6ejaIlle )KHrMYH,ll;, Balba npH,ll;O,ll;aTH H3Y3eTHY CpqaHOCT IIO.lbC1ffi lCaCHO
npUMuXpuC­
nOlbaKa y paTy, 6y,uynH ,ll;a HM je, CAe,ll;enH y TOMe ,ll;peBHH
moayaepy.
npHMep BpAHX CBOjHX npa,ll;e,ll;OBa CAOBeHa, KpBaBa norH­
6Hja ,ll;pa)Ka O,ll; CpaMHOr 6eKCTBa. 360r CTaAHHX paTOBalba
nOCTaBIllH OXOAH H OKPYTHH, BpAO KaCHO npHXBaTHIlle
XpHIllnaHCTBO. Bejaxy npeKO CBaKe Mepe npe,ll;aHH H,ll;O­
KYMUPU
AOnOKAOHCTBY H nOIllTOBalbY HeKOAHKHX CBOjHX noce6HHX IIO.lbalCa.
KYMHpa: JynHTep, Mapc, nAYTOH, Uepepa, BeHepa H .l{Hja­ S3
Ha. JynHTepa np03BaIlle Ha CBOM CAOBeHCKOM je3HKY JECE Je3.
Aeoa.
(Je3) H CMaTpaxy ra cBeMonHHM. Mapcy Ha,ll;eHYIlle HMe
AE.l{A, a 6ejaIlle 60r paTa H ,ll;OHOCHAall. n06e,ll;e. nAYTOHY Huja.
JaH ,ll.!tyZOUt
HMe 6ejaIlle HHJA, a MOAHAH cy ce Haj60lbe MeCTO y lbero­
nuUte oa ce y
BOM KpalbeBcTBY HaKOH CMpTH. BeHepy np03BaIlle .l{3H­ rHuje3HY Ha­
.l{3HAElbA. a lbOj cy ce MOAHAH 3a IIAO,ll;HOCT, HaCAa,ll;e H Jta3U XpaM
nocae1'ieH
Huju.
)KHBOHHJA, a lby 3aKAHlbaxy ,ll;a HM nO,ll;apH YMepeHoCT H
)l3U03wtuja.
,ll;06'ap AOB. Uepepy np03BaIlle MAP3AHA. Tp~enH O,ll; lbe JKuaaHa.
IIAO,ll;HOCT lbHBa H 3aCa,ll;a. 060)KaBaxy BeTap IllTO cpHjyqe Map3aHa.
H3Ha,ll; KAacja )iCHTa H KpOIllalba cTa6aAa, a 3Baxy ra II02ooa.
.l{OrO.l{A (noro,ll;a) HAH nOXBHCT. MapTHH (Mapll.HH) Kpo­
Mep TyMaqH noro,uy Kao Be,ll;pO, ,ll;OK nOKBHCT, HAH nOKBH­
IlleA, KaKO K~e MjexoBHTa (MeXOBCKH), KO,ll; Ma30Ba
3HaqH HeBpeMe. Hero TaKO 060)KaBaxy AA.l{Y, MajKY Kac­ Aaoa.
Topa H nOA)'KCa. Cenalbe Ha TO 3a,ll;p)Ka ce CBe ,ll;0 Mjexo­
BHTHHor BpeMeHa, jep OH K~e ,ll;a OHH IllTO neBaxy ,ll;peB­
He CTHXOBe, nOHaBlhaxy peqH AA.l{A AAJJA, HAEAH HAE­
AH, nOAEAH nOAEAH. Kaeropa, HaRMe, 3Baxy l1AelbH, a l1Jte.lbu.
IIOJte.lbu.
nOA)'KCa nOAelbH. nHIlle JaH .l{AyroIll ,ll;a cy y lberoBo Bpe­
Me y qeIllKoj H nOlbCKoj KHTHAH BeHll.HMa KHnOBe Map3aHe
H 3jeBoHHje, Te HX HOIllaxy Y CBeqaHoj nOBOpll.H y3 Ty)KH0
neBalbe, ,ll;a 6H HX nOTOM 6all.HAH y MOqBapy HAH y peKY.
Pa,ll;HAH cy TO qeTBpTe He,ll;elbe BeAHKor nOCTa y cnOMeH Ha
nporAaCOM Hape,ll;H ,ll;a ce pa36Hjy CBH KYMHpH. lbHMa no­
lball.H nOCBenHBaxy XpaMOBe H noce6Ha MeCTa, 3aTHM KH­
nOBe, CBeIllTeHHKe TaKoJ:)e, y lbHXOBY qaCT O,ll;pebHBaxy
npa3HHqHe ,ll;aHe y3 nAec, CAaBlbe, neCMY H pa3He Hrpe. Ta­
KaB ce 06pe,ll; y npa3HHqHe ,ll;aHe, npHqa .l{AyroIll, pe,ll;OBHO
O,ll;P)KaBO y nOlbCKoj CBe ,ll;0 lberoBHX ,ll;aHa, HeKOAHKO Be­ S4
KOBa no npHMalbY XpHIllnaHCTBa. HaRMe, CBH 3aje,ll;HO,
MYIllKapll.H H )KeHe, CTapH H MAa,ll;H, HMaAH cy 06Hqaj OKY­
nHTH ce y ,ll;aHe Koje MH 30BeMO .l{yxOBHMa H CAaBHTH y3
Hrpe H nlheCKalbe. To cBoje oKYnlbalbe 3Baxy CTa,ll;O, y3 Cmaoo.
145
 ,"

HCTO SHaqelbe Koje Ta peq H ,Il.aHaC HMa KO,ll. HaC. PyCH H
AHTBaHll;H, HapOqHTO Ha ceAY, H ,Il.aH ,Il.aHaC HMajy 06Hqaj,
,Il.OK Hrpajy H IIlbecKajy pYKaMa, IIOHaBlbaTH IIeBajyhH HMe
Aa,Il.OHe. rpexa H,Il.OAOIIOKAOHCTBa qecH ce OCTaBHlIIe IIO
(MHlIIlbelbY BjeHll;ecMBa qexa H JaHa ,lJy6paBCKor) H IIPH­
'Ieuuca MHlIIe xpHlIIhaHCKY Bepy SRXBalbyjyhH MOPaBCKOM KpalbY
npena3u Ita CBaTOIIAYKY, 3a BpeMe BAa,Il.aBHHe qelIIKOr Kpalba BOPHBO­
xpuwJiWtcmeo .
900. zoaulie. Ja H )KeHe My lbY,ll.MHAe OKO ro,ll.HHe 900. Ilolball;H, Meoy­
lIo.1l:>C'ca THM, HCTpajRlIIe y CBOM HeSHa601IITBY, Te ra ce O,ll.peKOlIIe
npuxeamu TeK 965. ro,ll.HHe saCAyroM lbHXOBor Kpalba MjeqHCMBa. Ha
xpulU1iwtcmeo IIpeo6pahalbe 6HO je IIOTCTaKHY IIOBO,ll.OM KjH heMo Ca,Il.a
965. zoaulie.
IlpHjaTelbH 60AeCHHX ,Il.OM3HAH cy CBelUTeHHll;HMa IIO ca­
BeT, a OBH cy Hohy IIpHAaSHAH CBeTOM IIAaMeHY H jyTPOM
,Il.aBaAH O,ll.roBOP ,Il.a cy y BaTpH BH,Il.eAH 60AeCHHKOBY ceH­
KY. OCHM Tora, 6HAe cy TaMO )l.y6paBe H 6HpaHa CTa6Aa y
lUYMaMa IIOCBeheHH lbHXOBHM 6oroBHMa, Te HHKOMe He 6e­
jalUe ,Il.OIIYlUTeHO ,Il.OTaKHYTH HX MaqeM, a aKO 6H cAyqajHo
HeKO TO H yqHHHO, He 6H IIpOlUao HeKaJKlbeHO. HaHMe,
H3a3BaBlUH THMe cpJ,I6y 3Ao.uyxa HAH 6H Ha MeCTy IIao
MPTaB HAH 6H IIaK OCTao ocaKaheH H3ry6HBlUH HeKH ,Il.eo
TeAa. BepOBaxy jOlU ,Il.a OTpOBHHll;e H ,Il.pyre 3MHje Hoce y
ce6H ,Il.eo 6o)KaHcKe IIpHpO,ll.e, Te cy HX XpaHHAH IIO KYhaMa
IIpUitOlUeH>e

HSAO)KHTH. IlpeyseBlIIH HaKOH OqeBe CMpTH BAaCT y IlOlb- H y IIOPO,ll.Hll;H Kao KYhHa 60)KaHCTBa, IIpHHocehH HM
JKpmee KOa

CKOj, y3e OH, KaKO TO Beh 06HqaBaxy He3Ha601IIll;H, Ce,ll.aM )KpTBY Y MAeKY H KOKOlIIHMa. BHAO je OIIaCHO H IIory6HO 3a Jl.umealtatJa.

)KeHa, HO YCIIPKOC TOMe He ,Il.06H HH je,ll.HOr je,ll.HHOr qHTaBY IIOpO,ll.HIJ;Y y6HTH HeKY O,ll. THX 3MHja HAH joj HaHeTH
HaCAe,ll.HHKa KOMe 6H OCTaBHO Kpan;,eBCTBO. Y HCTO ,Il.o6a HeKO 311.0. CBaKe ro,ll.HHe IIpBor ,Il.aHa oKTo6pa, HaKOH )Ke­
lIoeoa
npeo6pa1ieH>a MHorH IlOlball;H Ha IIoBpaTKY KYhH H3 qelIIKe H MOpaBCKe TBe H 6ep6e, IIPHHOCHAH cy CBeqaHe )KpTBe, y qeMY cy
nOJl:>cKOz ,Il.OHOCHAH cy ca C060M xpHlIIhaHCKY Bepy, a 6HAO je CY,ll.eAOBaAH MHorH ca )KeHaMa H ,Il.ell;OM, IIa cy ce TpH ,Il.aHa
KpaJba XpHlIIhaHa H y IlOlbCKOj, O,ll. KOjHX HeKH y CAYJK6H BAa,ll.apa, ysaCToIIll;e rOCTHAH OHHMe lUTO 6ejaxy SaKAaAH H IIOHY,ll.HAH
Mje'l.uCJ1.aea. ,Il.OK cy ce ,Il.pyrH 6aBHAH TproBHHOM. Bejaxy Ty H OHH KOjH,
6oroBHMa Kao )KPTBy. Ilo IIOBpaTKY H3 paTa, CIIalbHBaAH
KaKO 6H ce MOrAH CIIOKOjHO IIOCBeTHTH )l.yXOBHHM CTBa­ cy YMecro )KpTBeHe )KHBOTHlbe ,Il.eo paTHor IIAeHa H IIO­
pHMa, )KHBlbRXY IIoByqeHo Ha OCaMlbeHHM MeCTHMa. OHH HeKor paTHor 3apo6lbeHHKa. By.uyhH ,Il.aKAe ,Il.a AHTBaHll;H
CaBeTOBalIIe H IIO,ll.CTaKHYlIIe MjeqHCAaBa ,Il.a ce OCTaBH 3a­ )KHBelUe y TaKBOM rpexy, BeAHKH BojBO,ll.a AHTBaHCKH Ja­ Jl.umealic1\U

6AY,ll.a HeSHa6o)Kall;a H IIpHMH XpHCTa, KOjH je salIITHTHHK reAOH. sHajyhH ,Il.a IlOlbCKOM BAa,ll.a ,Il.eBHll;a Xe,ll.BHra, eojeoaa

IIOTOMCTBa H TelIIHTelb CBHX .uylIIa. Y6e,ll.HlIIe ra ,Il.a ce S,Il.P­ Jazenoli npocu

rO,ll.HHe 1385. IIOCAa ,Il.Ba cBoja 6paTa HCIIPOCHTH lbe3HHY

py"Ky nO.1l:>C"Ke

YJKH C je,ll.HOM je,ll.HHOM )KeHOM xpHlIIhaHKoM y IIpaBoM H PYKY. ,lloBe,ll.eHH IIpe,ll. KpalbHIJ;Y, OBaKO joj ce 06paTHlUe: KpaJbutJe

3aKOHHTOM 6paKY, Ha lIITO OH IIOCAa HsaCAaHHKe y qelIIKY AKO ce BH, MY,Il.pa ,Il.eBHll;e ,Il.OCTojHa TaKO Y3BHlIIeHa IIOAO­ Xeaeuze.

,Il.a HCIIPOCH Khep BojBO,ll.e BOAeCAaBa, a TO je oHaj KOjH 6e­ )Kaja, y,ll.OCTojHTe Y3eTH 3a MYJKa rocIIO,ll.apa HRlIIera Jare­
lIIe y6HO CBor 6paTa, KacHHje IIporAalUeHor CBell;eM. BOAe­ AOHa, OH 06ehaBa ,Il.a he IIOCTaTH xpHlUhaHHHoM 3aje,ll.HO C
06e1ia aa 1ie

CMB My He YCKpaTH PYKY cBoje KhepH, ys YCAOB ,Il.a ce IIpO­ qHTaBOM AHTBOM, ,Il.a he OCAo60,ll.HTH CBe IlolbaKe Koje nocmamu

call; OCTaBH HeSHa60lUTBa H IIOCTaHe XpHlUhaHHH. MjeqHC­ ,Il.p)KH y 3ap06lbeHHlIITBY H ,Il.a he sayseK yje,ll.HHHTH cBoje xpulU1ialiuli.

AaB ca 3a,1l.0BOlbCTBOM IIpHCTa H yqHHHTH TO. Y je,ll.HOM SeMlbe C KpalbeBCTBOM IIOlbCKHM; IIOHY,Il.H ce TaKOoe ,Il.a
56
,liQ.M6poecrm je,ll.HHOM ,Il.aHY, a 6elUe TO ro,ll.HHe 965, MjeqHCAaB IIpHMH '1< IIoBpaTH seMlbe IloMepaHHjy, KYAMeK, IIIAecKY H cBaKY
JKelia KPaJba rHHjesHoM CBeTO KplUTelbe H O)KeHH ,Il.eBHIJ;Y ,llaM6POBKY. ,Il.pyry Koja 6ejRlIIe oTprHyTa O,ll. KpalbeBCTBa IIOlbCKor. Ta
Mje'l.uCJ1.aea. 113,1l.a IIOTOM IIporAac, KOjHM HaAO)KH ,Il.a y CBHM rpa,ll.OBHMa IIOPYKa He 6ejalIIe IIO BOlbH KPalbHll;H, aAH ce CBH,Il.e 6HC­
. H ,Il.pyrHM MeCTHMa y lberoBY KpalbeBCTBY 6y.uy pas6HjeHH KYIIHMa H IIAeMHhHMa, jep YBH,Il.elIIe ,Il.a 6H Ha Taj HaqHH
Y 1I00000cKoj Pa3­
6ujajy KyMUpe. KYMHpH H ,Il.a c~aKo 6Y,ll.e KplUTeH. TaKo )l.yro ,Il.OK OCTa y IIOlbCKO KpalbeBCTBO 6HAO CHrypHHje O,ll. yna,ll.a ryOHHall;a, a
)KHBOTY, HacToJalUe CBHM CHAaMa YBeCTH, a IIOTOM O,ll.p­ IIpH TOMe 6H BeAHKO MHOlIITBO lbY,ll.H 6HAO oCA06ooeHO H3
)KaTH XPHlUhaHcKY Bepy y qHTaBOM CBOM KpalbeBCTBY. COTOHHHHX PYKY H IIpHBe,ll.eHO XPHCTy. CTBap je, HIIaK,
AHTBaHll;H, HaKO CAOBeHCKora pO,ll.a H HCTOBpeMeHO yje)l.H- IIperrylUTeHa BOlbH yrapcKe KpalbHll;e, MajKe Xe)l.BHrHHe.
Bepa 6 . .
Jl.umealia a. lbeHH C IIOlbCKHM KpalbeBCTBOM, eJaxy BpAO HCTpaJHH, Te OHa O,ll.roBOPH ,Il.a 6H joj 3a,1l.0BOlbCTBO 6HAO Ka,ll. 6H Be­
tJ Sa,ll.p)KalUe rryCTO cBoje IIpasHoBepje y AaJKHe 60roBe A}')Ke AHKalUH IIOlbCKH IIpHXBaTHAH OHO lUTO je Ha KOPHCT XPHlII­
55 qaK H 0,Zl; caMHX IlolbaKa. 060)KaBaxy 60ra BaTpe, Kojer Ha haHcKoM cBery H IIOlbCKOM KpalbeBCTBY. CTora J areAOH
31iUT./ CBOM je3HKY SBaxy 3Hllq, Te Ha HeKHM MeCTHMa H y ,Il.oOe y KpaKOB C 6pahoM H y IIpaTlbH 6pojHe ,Il.pYJKHHe
HajBehHM rpa,ll.OBHMa O,ll.p)KaBaxy CTaAaH H BeqaH IIAaMeH, AHTBaHCKHX IIAeMHha, Te CT}'IIHBlUH IIpe,ll. KpalbHIJ;Y, IIpe,ll.a
Jazenoli ce
HHKa,Il.a ra He racehH. O,ll.aBaxy IIOqaCTH rpoMoBHMa, Koje joj KpalbeBCKe ,Il.apOBe, a 6elIIe TO ro,ll.HHe 1386. He)l.yro Kpcmuu
lIepKYliu. SBaxy IlEPKYHll, Kao 60)KaHCTBHMa. CBeTH IIAaMeH, IIOTOM, IIoyqeH yqelbeM Bepe XPHlIIhaHCKe, 6H KplUTeH npOM.eHU UM.e
IIpe,Zl;MeT lbHXOBa 060)KaBalba, CBelUTeHHll;H HS xpaMa He­ HOBHM HMeHOM BAa,Il.HCAaB. TaKooe H HMeHa 6pahe lberoBe y B.n.aauCJ1.ae
IIpeCTaHO O,ll.p)KaBaxy, KaKO ce H Ha TpeH He 6H yraCHO.
zoaulie 1386.
6ejaxy KplIITelbeM H3MelbeHa, jep BHroHT 6elIIe IIP03BaH

146 147
 r-.
AAeKcaH.n:ap, KOpHraAOH rrOCTa Ka3HMHp, a CBHTpHraAOH
BOAeCAaB. I1cTora .n:aHa lbHXOBa KpIllTelba, O.n:P)KH ce BeH­
':Ialbe KPaJhH':IHHO, a rrOlhCKOM KpaJheBCTBY 6ejaxy 3aYBeK
rrpHrrojeHe AHTBa. CaMoje.n:a H PyCHja. HaKOH Tora BAa-
KpyHucaHje .n:HCAaB 6H rrOMa3aH H OKpYlbeH KpaJheM I1olhcKe, ro.n:HHe
KPQJbe.M. 1387. )KeAetm .n:a rrpe06paTH Ha xpHIllhaHcTBo AHTBaHCKH
IIoJbcKe. Hapo.n:, rrOBe.n:e ca C060M )KeHY CBOjy KPaJhHUY, BOjBO.n:y o.n:
Ma30BHje H MHore 6HcKYrre H .n:pyro CBeIllTeHCTBO. CTHraB­
Bpana ce y J\u- IllH Y AHTBY, o.n:BpaTH Hapo.n: o.n: H.n:OAOrrOKAOHCTBa, yracH
mey u camupe CBeTH rrAaMeH, cpaBHH ca 3eMlhOM xpaMOBe H OATape rro­
UOOAonOIUlOH- cBeheHe KYMHpHMa, rroce':le y KopeHY IllyMe H rr06H 3MHje
cmeo. Koje AHTBaHl.J:H 060)KaBaxy. Ho Ka.n: rr03Ba Hapo.n: y ceqy
lberoBHx CBeTHX IllyMa H cTa6aAa, HHKO ce He O.n:Ba)KH
rB03.n:eHOM OIllTPHU:OM .n:OTaKHYTH CBeTO .n:PBO, CBe .n:OK HX
rrporrOBe.n:HHK He oxpa6pH rrpJ)KHBIllH HM H caM rrpHMep
CBOjHX pe':lH. 3aTpBIllH y rroTrryHoCTH He3Ha60IllTBO, rroy­
':IaBaIlle rryK yqelby Bepe H pe':lH rocrro.n:lboj, .n:a 6H ra 3a­
THM H rrOKpCTHO. I1060)KHH KPaJh CBaKor rryqaHHHa KOjH
BAaOUC1l.aB.!bee 6eIlle rrpHCTyrrHo KpIllTelbY, .n:apHBaIlle HOBHM o.n:eAOM H3­
oap HoeUM '" . KOH )KeTBe H 6ep6e, rrpHpel)HBaxy Ha cAe.n:ehH Ha':lHH jaBHY
xpuwnaHUMa. pa.)eHHM O.n: TKaHHHe .n:OHeCeHe H3 I1olhcKe, a TOM CBOJOM
6PH)KHOM lhy6a3HoIllhy rrOCTH)Ke TO .n:a Hapo.n:, H BeAHKaIllH
H CHpOTHlba, KOjH ce .n:OTa.n: 6ejaxy 3a.n:OBOlhHAH rrAaTHeHOM
o.n:ehOM, Ka.n: ce rrpoHece rAac 0 TOM .n:apHBalbY, rrOXHTa
57 AMCTOM ca CBHX CTpaHa .n:a ce rrOKpCTH, He 6H AM .n:06HO
06zopjaHlJU u BYHeHo o.n:eAo. Ho OHH H3 CaMoje.n:e, rrpeM.n:a rro AHTBH
CQ.Mojeou, 6ejaxy rrpHrrojeHH KpaJheBHHH I10lhCKOj, He rrOKopHIlle ce
CAoeeHu XPHCTY, Hero 3aje.n:HO C 06ropjaHU:HMa OCTa.n:OIlle orpe3AM
pamo6opHu u
Cp1.l.aHU..
y He3-Ha60IllTBY. Te cy .n:Be rroKpajHHe (rro CBe.n:O':lelbY I1e­
Tpa Kpy36epa y 2. KlbH3H H KapAa H3 BarpHeHa y 7. 0
BeHe.n:HMa) HaCTalbeHe CAOBeHCKHM Hapo.n:oM, paT060pHHM
H rrpeKo CBaKe Mepe CMeAMM, 0 ':IeMY ':IeCTO 6ejaxy rrpJ)KH­
AH .n:OKa3e y oKpIllajHMa ca CBOjHM cyce.n:HMa, Koje )'Bell:
.n:P)Kaxy rro.n: opJ)KjeM. Y rrycToIllelbHMa H rrlha':lKalbHMa,
HaHMe (Ka)Ke Kpy36ep), Ha.n:MaIllHBaxy CBe OCTaAe.
CaMoje.n:H ()KeMajTH) TaKol)e, rroBo.n:ehH ce 3a OCTaAHM
rrpHjaTelha. 3aTHM 6H jeAM Meco )KPTBoBaHHx )KHBoTHlba,
CAoBeHHMa, rroIllToBaxy KYMHpe, a Bepa lbHXOBa 6eIlle Bp­
a rrpe HO IllTO 6H rrO':leAH jecTH, o.n: CBaKor 6H jeAa 0.n:pe3a­
CQ.MojeOu AO CAH':IHa BepH AHTBaHau:a. BHAH cy, HaHMe, rrpHBp)KeHH
AM KOMa.n: H rr06aU:aAH HX Ha 3eMlhY y CBaKH KYT KYhe, ro­
eepyjy y rrpe.n:3HaU:HMa H rrpopHu:albHMa. 113Ha.n: CBera, HrraK,
BopehH: OBO je Te6H )KpTBa, 0 3jeMeHH':Ie, rrpHMH je H rro­
npeo3HaKe. 060)KaBaxy BaTpy, KOjy cMaTpaxy rrpecBeToM H Be':lHOM, Te
je .n:P)Kaxy 3aTBopeHY y KYAM Ha BPX 6p.n:a, a CBeIllTeHHU:H
je HerrpecTaHo o.n:p)KaBaxy .n:o.n:aBalbeM .n:pBa. I1Ma.n:oIlle
TaKol)e H cBoje rrocBeheHe IllYMe, Koje 060)KaBaxy rrorryT
CBeTHlba H rrpe6HBaAHIllTa CBOjHX 60roBa. A 6ejaxy 06y­
3eTH TaKBHM .n:yxOBHHM CAerrHAOM, .n:a BepoBaxy KaKO cy
CBeTe He caMO Te IllYMe, Hero ':IaK H rrTHu:e H 3BepH Koje y
lbHMa rrpe6HBajy, H CBe OHO IllTO 3al)e y IllYMY. Y THM
CBeTHM IllYMaMa o.n:p)KaBaxy rrAaMeH Ha orlbHIllTHMa rro­
.n:elheHHM rrpeMa KYhaMa H PO.n:OBHMa, r.n:e CrraJhHBaxy TeAa
148
CBOjHX .n:parHX H po.n:6HHe, 3aje.n:HO C KOlbHMa, Ce.ll:i\HMa H
HajCKYrro~eHHjoM o.n:ehOM. I10Kpaj THX orlbHIllTa rrOCTaB­
lhaxy CTOAHhe o.n: xpaCTa rrAYTlbaKa, a Ha lbHMa jeAa rrpH­
rrpeMlheHa o.n: XAe6a y 06AMKY CHpa, .n:OK Ha.n: rrAaMeHOM
CHrraxy CAa.n:, 06MaHYTH y CBOjOj AaKOBepHOCTH .n:a he .n:yIlle
rroKojHHKa, ':IHja TeAa 6ejaxy TaMO CrraJheHa, .n:OhH Hohy H
OKperrHTH ce jeAoM. CelhaU:H H3 CaMoje.n:e (rrpeMa H3BeIll­
TajHMa AAeKcaH.n:pa rBalbHHa y lberoBoj CapMaTHjH) rrpe­
xpalbHBaxy rro KYhaMa HeKaKBe 3MHje C ':IeTHpH HO)KHu:e
rrorryT ryIllTepa, u:pHe H KpyrrHa TeAa, Koje Ha CBOM Ma­
TepHlbeM je3HKY 3Baxy )KI1BOJTI1JI1, a cMaTpaxy HX 3a JKueojmuju,
KynHa
KYhHa 60)KaHCTBa. 3a rrpO':lHIllhaBalba .n:OMOBa Te 6H 3MHje 60:JICaHCmea
H3Aa3HAe jeCTH rrpHrrpeMlheHy xpaHY, a .n:OK 6H OHe jeAe, CQ.Mojeoa.
':IHTaBa 6H ce rropo.n:Hu:a oKYrrHAa OKO lbHX C BeAHKHM
cTpaxorroIllToBalbeM H ':IeKaAa .n:a ce CHTe BpaTe Ha cBoje
MeCTO. AKO 6H cAyqajHo HeKaKBa Hecpeha 3a.n:eCHAa rro­
PO.n:HUY, BepoBaxy .n:a je TO 3aTO IllTO ca 3MHjOAHKHM CBO­ 58
jHM KYhHHM 60)KaHCTBOM HHCY .n:06po rrOCTYrraAH H IllTO ce
HHje .n:o CHTa HajeAO. CBaKe ro.n:HHe KpajeM OKT06pa, Ha­
CBe':laHY ro36y. CBH ce ca )KeHaMa CBOjHM, .n:eU:OM H rro­ T036e Ibuxoee.
cAyroM CKYrrlhaxy Ha MeCTO o.n:pel)eHo 3a r036y H rrOCTaB­
lhaxy CTO Ha ceHY, a rrocpe.n: CTOAa XAe6 H y3 lbera rrap
Kp':lara CAa.n:OBHHe. ,UOBO.n:HAH cy 3aTHM TeAe, Berrpa H Kp­ JKpmeoealba.
Ma':lY, rreTAa H KOKOIllKY H .n:pyre .n:oMahe )KHBOTHlbe y rra­
pOBHMa MY)KjaKa H )KeHKe. I1pe HO IllTO 6H HX y6HAH 3a
)KPTBY, .n:OIllao 6H raTaAau: Te 6H, H3rOBopHBIllH HeKOAMKO
pe':lH, 3arrO':leO TyhH )KHBOTHlbY 6aTHHOM, ':IeMY 6H rrOTOM
rrpHOHYAH H CBH rrpHcyTHH, TYKYhH je rro rAaBH, HOraMa H
Tp6yxy, roBopehH: OBO cy TH .n:apOBH, 60)Ke 3JEMEHI1qE KyMUp
Oep TH celhaU:H TaKO 3Baxy .n:eMoHa), 3axBaJhyjeMo TH IllTO 3je.M.eHuK.
CH Hac OBe ro.n:HHe o.n:p)Kao y 3.n:paBlhY H IllTO CH HaM .n:ao
06H1he CBera; a ca.n: Te MOAHMO, .n:a Hac H cAe.n:ehe ro.n:HHe
rrOMa)KeIll H 3aIllTHIll o.n: BaTpe, Ma':la, KYre H o.n: CBHX He­
je.n:H y CAaCT. Ta.n:a 6H CBH rrpHoHyAM jeAY y Becelhy. Ta
CQ.Mojeoa
rrpa3HoBepja CaMoje.n:a rroTpajaIlle .n:o ro.n:HHe 1413, Ka.n: nocmaje
rrOlhCKH KPaJh BAa.n:HcAaB, BoroM Ha.n:axHyT, KpeHy Ha lbHX xpuwnaHcKa
H caBAa.n:a HX. CrraAH Ta.n:a KYAy CBeTor IIAaMeHa, yracH 1413. zoouHe.
IIAaMeH, rroce':le IllYMe y KopeHY, He 6e3 BeAMKor qyl)elba YHuwmeHo
TaMOIlllber Hapo.n:a, KOjH Hje Morao BepOBaTH CBOjHM O':lH­ uooAonolUloHc
Ma .n:a rrOlhCKH BOjHHU:H, KOjH 6ejaxy rroceKAH rnyMe, HHCY meoy
CQ.MojeOu.
HHMaAO 03Ael)eHH, KaKO ce lbHMa caMHMa BHIlle HO je.n:HoM
IIoOu/lCY ce
.n:oro.n:HAO. 3arroBe.n:H rrOTOM KPaJh BAa.n:HcAaB .n:a CBH rro­ lJPKee y
CTaHY xpHIllhaHH H KpCTe ce, a rro.n:H)Ke rrpeKpacHY U:pKBy MjeoHuxy.
149
 ."......~

KyMUpu U Y Mje,lJ,HHXY. 06ropjaHUH 06mKaBaxy Kj'MHpa no HMeHY Ha nyTy ocaMHaeCT MeceUH. illTHTOBe cy HOCHAH, KaKO BQJba 3ana­
eepoear-oa 3J\ATASASA, O,lJ,HOCHO 3AaTHa 6aKa, ":IHjH KHn cTajaIl1e y3 06jacHHIl1e, 6y,z:ryhH ,lJ,a HHTKO 0,lJ, lbHX HHje BH,lJ,eO OKAorr, 3umu eeAUKY

06zopjal-ta/Ja. pjeKj' 06yo, ,lJ,p1Kerm y KPHAY ,lJ,eTeHl:J;e 3a Koje ce rOBopHAO jep 3eMlba lbHXOBa He rro3Haje rB01Kl)e. Uap, ,lJ,aKAe, 3a­ YOQJbeHocm

OOMoeUHe

59,lJ,a joj je YHYK. KyMHp Taj 6ejarne OnpeMlI>eH HHCTpYMeH­ ":Iyl)eH lbHXOBHM 1KHBOTOM H yje,lJ,HO 3a,D,HBlbeH KpyrrHHM CnoeeHa.

THMa, Koja nonyT Tpy6a HCnyIl1Taxy CHa1KaH 3BYK. Ka,D,a lbHXOBHM CTaCOM, rrOCAa HX y XepaKAejy. ITo THM je CAO­ CAoeeHu y

6H HeIl1TO XTeO Y":IHHHTH HAH KpeHYTH Ha nyT, CBeIl1TeHHK BeHHMa BeHe,lJ,HMa Mope BeHe,lJ,CKO ,lJ,06HAO HMe, jep OHH, ceojoj 3eMlbU

6H Tpa1KHO CaBjeT 0,lJ, Tor Kj'MHpa. je TO ":IY,lJ,0 jep rrpera3HBIl1H rrpBO peKj' BHCAY H CTHraBIl1H y CBOM rroxo,z:ry He n03Hajy

2eOJICOe.

(KaKO Ka1Ke A6paxaM OpTeA y CBOM TeaTpy) Kj'MHP ,lJ,aBa­ CBe ,lJ,O i\a6e, Hana,D,OIl1e OHe KojH HaCTalbaBaxy o6aAe Bel-teOCKO

Il1e Ta":lHe H CHrypHe O,lJ,rOBOpe 0 OHOMe Il1Ta Tpe6a ,lJ,a ":IH­ KO,lJ,aHCKor Mopa. Y TO ,lJ,06a 6ejaxy TH KpajeBH HaCTalbeHH Mopeo06uja

He. HHKO ce He 6H YCY,lJ,HO nponH nOKpaj lbera, a ,lJ,a He CHa1KHHM H BPAO MonHHM HapO,lJ,HMa, Kao Il1TO cy CBeBH, UMeno

OCTaBH HeKaKaB ,lJ,ap, na Ka,D, HHIl1Ta ,lJ,pyro He 6H HMao, i\aHro6ap,lJ,H. PyjaHUH H CBHTOHUH KOjH, HaKOH nopa3a 0,lJ, CAoeeHUMa

BeHeihLMa.

CBYKao 6H ca ce6e K01KYX, nao HH":IHue Ha 3eMlbY H (KaKO CAOBeHa, KpeHYllie y cMepy ,nyHaBa. XHTpeyc y 3. MH02U

Ka1Ke JoxaH Ay6aHYc) nOHY,lJ,HO My K01KYX Ha ,lJ,ap. HHCaM KlbH3H, r,lJ,e rOBopH 0 Toj rrpOBaAH Ka1Ke: Hapo,lJ, CHQ.)I(HU

He3l-ta ce

epeMe

HaIl1aO 3anHca 0 BpeMeHY npeo6pahelba 06ropjaHaua HH XeHeTH HAH BeHe,lJ,H. Koje HHjeMUH 30BY BeH,lJ,eH, TaAHjaHH Hapoau

npempne

npe06pa1'tar-oa
KO,lJ, je,lJ,Hor ayTopa, na hy npehH Ha ,lJ,pyre CAOBeHe, Ta":l­ CAaBH, a y KO,lJ, Hac HM je HMe BaH,lJ,aAH, 3aY3eIl1e, HaKOH
nopa3 00

06zopjal-ta/Ja.
HHje, Ha OHe KOjH 3aY3eIl1e ":IHTaBO npHMopje Koje ce npo­ Ko6HHX THX ceo6a HapO,lJ,a, 'IHTaBY 06aAy SaATH'IKOr Mopa, CnoeeHa.

Te1Ke O,lJ, OA3aUHje ,lJ,0 i\HBoHHje. Y THM KpajeBHMa (no CBe­ OKO lbeTa rOcrro,lJ,lber 500. O,lJ, SaATH":IKOr Mopa na CBe ,lJ,O Cacu30ey

Bel-teaucy

,lJ,O":lelbY ITeTepa ApToneyca) 1KHBlbaIl1e CAOBeHCKH HapO,lJ, i\a6e, 0,lJ, H3Bopa, O,lJ,HOCHO je,lJ,aHaeCT rrOTOKa KOjH ce y lby CAoeeHe

no HMeHY BeHe,lJ,H HAH BeHeTH. CAa1Ke ce C THMe H JoxaH cAHBajy rrpe HO Il1TO ce crrYCTH HH3 'IelliKe TIAaHHHe, rOTO­ Bal-tOaJlUMa.

pooa

YKoje 006a

ClWeel-tC/Wza.
MarHYC rOT y 6. KlbH3H, nOrAaBlbY 21, r,lJ,e OBaKO roBOPH: BO CBe ,lJ,O pe":lHOr YIl1ha, 1KHBlbaxy OHH HeKOAHKO BeKOBa. 3ay3ewe 6aJl­
Ko cy 6HAH BeHeTH, Jop,lJ,aHeC je H3A01KHO nOBo,lJ,ehH ce 3a ITPOIl1HpHIl1e CHAHO KpalbeBCTBO cBoje, ,lJ,OK HX XeHpHK Ay­ mW-I.Ke 06aJle.

aYTopHTeTOM A6Aa6HjeBHM H TBp,lJ,ehH ,lJ,a ce Pa,D,H 0 nAe­ Kj'rr H CHARH OTOH He rroTyKOIl1e rrpBH rryT Ha peKaMa i\a­ CnoeeHu CUA­
MeHY CAOBeHCKora pO,lJ,a. HaHMe, nO,lJ,elbeHH KaKO Ben 6eja­ 6H H XaBeAY. HaKOH lbHX H XeHpHK i\aB, IIIeCTO rO,lJ,HHa HO npowupe

ceoje Kpa­
Bal-toaJlu U
xy Ha pa3He HapO,lJ,e (a TaKO je H ,lJ,aHac), CAOBeHH ,lJ,06HIl1e HaKOH lbHXOBa ,lJ,OAaCKa y Te KpajeBe, ,lJ,eAOM HX y CTaAHHM Jbeecmeo.

Cnoeel-tu ce
pa3AH":IHTa HMeHa. H YHCTHHY, nyK ce CAOBeHCKH He pa3­ paTOBHMa rroy6Hja, a ,lJ,eAOM rropa3H H no.njapMH. Y3 yao­ Bope ce npo­
Pa3.Jl.U1<cyjy ca ~

MonoUMel-ty.

AHK}'je 0,lJ, BaH,lJ,aAa HH no ":IeMY ,lJ,pyroM, ,lJ,O no HMeHY. Jo­ l)elbe XpHIl1naHCTBa, H3HHKHYllie y THM KpajeBHMa H Ha­ mueXeHpuKa

xaH ABeHTHHYC naK y 2. KlbH3H Ka1Ke: 3a BpeMe BAa,lJ,a­ celba HeMaua. Ho ycrrpKoc TOMe, H ,lJ,aH ,lJ,aHaC ce OCTaUH AyKynaUCUA­
H020moHa.

BHHe uapa MapUHjaHa, OKO 453. rO,lJ,HHe, HapO,lJ, BeHe,lJ,a, CAOBeHa HaAa3e y3 06aAe i\a6e, y i\Y1KHUH H Ha ,lJ,pyrHM
CnoeeHu
KOjH ce6e caMe Ha3HBajy CAOBeHHMa, a KOjH cy ,lJ,peBHH MeCTHMa. ITpeM,lJ,a y rro'IeTKj', y BpeMe 3aY3HMalba 6aATH":I­
opeel-tu I-tapoo

U3 TepMal-tuje.

Hapo,lJ, H3 repMaHHje (KaKO nHIl1e TaUHT), rrpO,lJ,peBIl1H y Ke 06aAe, HMaAH je,lJ,HHCTBeHo HMe CAoBeHH, rrOTOM cy HM Pa:ma UMeHa

CBOjHM yrra,D,HMa y Il1yMe H nAaHHHe CMeIl1TeHe H3Mel)y no­ Ha,D,eHyTa pa3Ha HMeHa, Te ce HeKH 0,lJ, lbHX OBaKO 3Baxy: CAoeeHaca

BaJlmUttK02

JIocmajy
,lJ,pY":lja ITeY":laHa H ¢eHa, 360r rpexa HaIl1HX (KaKO KaJIre ITOMEPAHUH. BHi\UH H PyrAHUH. Mapa.

6pojl-tuju U
Jop,lJ,aHec) nOCTa,D,OIl1e OKpyTHH, 6pOjHHjH H CHa1KHHjH, Y OCTpBlbaHH lbHMa HacyrrpoT.
Cl-tQ.)l(l-tuju.
.
TOAHKOJ MepH ,na MaAO rro MaAO rrperrAaBHIl1e H 3aY3eIIIe BAPHABH.
":IHTaB Kpaj CMelliTeH H3Mel)y peKa i\a6e H TaHe, Kao H ue­ OSo'llPHTH.
AOM .lfY1KHHOM H Il1HPHHOM H3Mel)y Ko,naHCKor H Ja,D,paH- ITOJ\ASH.
Cnoeel-tu
CKor Mopa. ITpo,npellie 3aTHM CBe ,no KpajlbHx o6aAa 3a­ BArHPH.
npoaupy cee 00
61
KpGjr-oux on6a~ rra,D,HOr OKeaHa, Kao IIITO ce BH,lJ,H KO,n ITaBAa QaKOHa y 17. i\HHrOHH.
Aa 3anaOHOZ KlbH3H, r,lJ,e OBaKO Ka1Ke: Ho cAe,nenera ,lJ,aHa PHMlbaHH ITOMEPAHUH, JOIl1 YBHjeK rr03HaTH rro,lJ, ,lJ,peBHHM HMeHOM, JIOMepje KOO
OIceal-ta. yxaaTHIl1e TpH CAOBeHCKa MY1Ka, KOjH He HOCHIIIe ca C060M TyMa":le ce Kao npHMopUH, jep nOMepHe Ha CAOBeHCKOM C.llOeeHa
HHIl1Ta rB03,neHora OCHM Il1THTOBe y PYKaMa. Uap MaBpH­ je3HKj' He 3Ha'IH HHIl1Ta ,lJ,pyro,lJ,O 3eMlbY y3 Mope, rroMopje 3HattU 3eMJby
Aeapc/CU Kpa.7b • 6 xpajMopa.
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Cnoeel-tUMa MY O,nroBopHIl1e ,na cy po,na CAOBeHCKora H ,lJ,a )KHBe Kpaj MHOro Il1Hpe HO Il1TO cy TO ,lJ,aHac. IToMepaHUH (KaKO rrHIIIe JIOMepaH/JU u
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mp= nOMan. rrOCAao lbHXOBHM KHe1KeBHMa rAaCHHKe C ,lJ,apOBHMa, Tpa­ 6HMa HaCTalbaBaxy Te 06aAe Beh y pa3,lJ,06lby rrpe KpHCTa. HaCeJbGeaxy
Cnoeel-tc/CU
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h h
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JIoMepaHujy y
epeMe npe
60 lbHXOBH rrOCAaAH XaKaHY ,na My 06jacHe KaKO je TO 360r o6YXBaTa OBa 'IeTHpH HapO,lJ,a: Xpucma ..
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150 151
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PE,llAPl1 l1Al1 Pl1ALlYPl1,

CBaCTHRa, O,lJ.HOCHO ceCTpa FheroBe :>KeHe, no HMeHY XHA­
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Bap,lJ.OBHK. 63
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6ellie H 6HCK)'n BpeMeHa, XaM6ypra H MeKAeH6ypra.
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152 153
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BpaTHIIIe He3Ha50IIITBY, ycnpKoc HanopHMa KHe3a InH­
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5y,n:yfiH ,n:a je YCaxAO KOAeHO KHe:lKeBa BepAaCKHX, npHMH
nOTBp,n:y BAaCTH Ha,n: BepAHMa H MeKAeH5yproM o,n: L(apa
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5ejaxy TO HHKAeTa, Kojer ,n:pyrH 30BY HHKAeT H ilPH5H­
CAaB. Bellie TO OTnpHAHKe lheTa focno,n:Inera 1130.
ilPHBHCMB, nylliTeH Ha CAo5o,n:y, 3arocno,n:apH KpaIbeB­
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64
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ro,n:HHe. ilpH5HcAaB H3ry5H :lKHBOT y I\HHe5ypry ToeKOM
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05o,n:pHAa, KHcHHapa H BaH,n:aAa.
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To cy, ,n:aKAe, KHe:lKeBH IIITO y npolliAHM BpeMeHHMa BAa­
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,n:aHac je TO BOjBO,n:CTBO HAH KHe:lKeBHHa MeKAeH5ypr. Y Toj
KHe:lKeBHHH 5eIIIe y npOlliAOCTH HeKOAHKO rpa,n:OBa CAaB­
HHX no TprOBHHH ca ceBepHHM KpajeBHMa: BHHaBa, HBAHH
154
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THjaH MHHcTep y 3. KInH3H KocMorpacpHje, roBopefiH 0 65
Hapo,n:y THX KpajeBa, OBaKO nHIIIe: ilPBH ce TaMOlliInH CTa­
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npoULupu
HyT paTOBaH>y. Meoy fOTHMa 5eIIIe TO oHaj ITYK KOjH Haj­
caoje
"iellifie Y3HeMHpaBallie paTHHM noxo,n:HMa PHM, HTaAHjy, KpCl.JbeaCmao.
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cpeauULme
OHO IIITO nHIIIe MYHCTep.
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fepMaHHjy. HaCPHYllie TaKoOe Ha AKBHTaHHjy, BpHTaHHjy, Y.M6pujy,
YM5pHjy, CaAaH,n:Hjy H XOAaH,n:Hjy. JoxaH ABeHTHHYc nHIIIe CQJlaHaujy u
XOJlaHaujy.
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fepMaHHje ro,n:HHe 480. H He npeCTajaxy BpAO OKPYTHO no­ 4.wt.y ja4.Qmu
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Morallie TO BHIIIe TpnjeTH, Te ca CBHM CBOjHM BaBapL(HMa I-bocmu
rep.MaHuje.
o,n:e Ha 3ana,n:, HanyCTHBIIIH IllAecKY, I\Y:lKHUY H o5AH:lKH>e Omepajy caea­
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npeMa KpajeBHMa OKO .llyHaBa, PajHe, UpHe PeKe H MajHe. AnapuKQ U
CAOBeHCKH KPaIbeBH qex H i\ex 3aY3e-llie nOTOM KpajeBe 3ay3.My IJln.ec­
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noce,n:y H ,n:aHac. YlliaBIIIH 3aTHM y CacKY, CHAHO je jeae.
YHHIIITHIIIe, Te 3arocno,n:apHBIIIH HeKHMa o,n: TaMOIIIInHX YHuULmaaajy
MeCTa, jOlli yaHjeK :lKHBe TaMO, KaKO nHIIIe Bearyc Pe­ COCKY·
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HaHYc y 1. KInH3H 0 fepMaHHjH. MOHax AHMOH y 4. KInH3H, Hacmal-baaajy
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,n:a HaCTaInaBaxy MepoBec5ypr, rpa,n:efiH 5pojHa Hacelha H 66
155
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nox:ywaea fo,nHHe 590. caCKH BojBo,na nOKYIIIa CBHM CHaraMa o.ny­
ooynpemu ce npeTH ce CAaoBeHHMa, Te oKYnH BOjCKY o,n ne,neceT TpH
CJweeHUMa.
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XHlba,ne 6opan;a. YXBaTHBIIIH ce y KOIIITan; C HenpHjaTe­
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Bo,na 6H npHcHlbeH 06paTHTH ce Kpan,y)laHcKe, 3aKAHIby­
hH ra 3a nOMoh y THM 3AOK06HHM BpeMeHHMa, Kao H ,na
y,nPY:>KH cBoje CHare ca CacHMa. Ycne My C AaKohoM TO no­
CTHhH, 6y.nyhH ,na ,naHCKH KPan, 6eIIIe y CTPaxy ,na 6H CAO­
BeHH HaKOH no6e,ne Ha,n CaCHMa MorAH oKpeHyTH BOjCKY H
Ha Ibera. DopeljaIIIe CTora cBoje lby,ne, KOjHX (npeMa KapAY
H3 BarpHeHa) 6eIIIe OKO ocaM,neceT ce,naM XHlba,na 6opan;a.
YXBaTHIIIe ce y KOIIITan; C HenpHjaTelbeM y OKOAHHH i\ay-
Cacu U ,ilaHllu 6 6" . ,ilazoOepma.
npempne neHa, Te 3aMeTHYIIIe xpa ap H KpBaB OJ, KOjH nOTpaJa o,n
nopa300 jyTpa na CBe,no ,nBa,neceT H ,npyror caTa y,naRY. Do6e,na ce
C.JtoeeHa.. Ha Kpajy npHKAOHH CAoBeHHMa, KojHMa Ta,na 3anOBe,naIIIe
3eje3dodpaz BojcKoBolja 3Bje3,no,npar. )laHcKH KPan, H3ry6H Y TOj 6Hn;H
C.JtO€leHCICU • C.JtoeeHu
€Ioj€looa. }KHBOT, a BOjBo,na o,n CacKe, HaIIIaBIIIH ce y HeBOlbH, 6an;H
,ilaHclCU x:pa.Jb C KOIbeM y peKY H TaKO cnaCH. CAoBeHH ce nOTOM OKpe­
nozuHe y oojy HYIIIe npoTHB <PpaHaKa, Te xapajyhH IbHXOBHM Kpan,eB­
00 C.JtoeeHCKe CTBOM nOKa3aIIIe CBY CBOjy OKPYTHOCT. Ta,naIIIIbH <!>paHaq­
C.Jt:::~ ce KH KPan, XHAAe6epT nOCAa A.nyA<!>a, je,nHora o,n Haj60lbfIX
ox:pehy npo- CBOjHX BojcKoBolja, ,na ce cynpoTCTaBH BeAOCAaBY (jep Ta­
mU€I CPpaHax:a. KO ce 3BaIIIe KHe3 cAoBeHcKH) KOjH ce, 3aTeKaBIIIH ce y.
B€.JtoC.Jtae X:He3 HenpHjaTelbcKoj 3eMlbH H YBH,neBIIIH KaKO MaAO HMa CAO­
C.JtoeeHCICU. to;. 6' rl-.
BeHa y nopelJeIbY C pOjHHM '"t'paHaqKHM CHaraMa, nOKO­
B€.JtOC.Jtae.Jbe€la Ae6a y CBOM HayMy. Ona3HBIIIH TO, A.nyA<!> My npenpeqH
oeceoa nyT H 3aTBOpH CBe npOAa3e. BeAOCAaB ce Ha TO nOByqe ca
€Ioj HU lJUM a. cBojHMa y nO,AHO}Kje je,nHor 6p,na, Te ce OBaKBOM 6ece,nOM
06paTH CBOjHM lby,nHMa: BH,nHTe, 60pn;H H ,npyrOBH MOjH
C.JtoeeHUMa BepHH,,na Hac je HenpHjaTelb TaKO onKOAHO ,na ce He MO­
kuje oonyw- }KeMO ,npYK'llHje Hero cHaroM CBOjHX PYKY cnaCHTH. D06ehH
mel-w oex:cmeo ce He MO}Ke; na CBe H Ka,n 6H ce MorAo, 3aKOHH HaM npe,na­
y pamy. 67 Ka HaIIIHX He ,nonYIIITajy TO. By.nyhH, ,naKAe, ,na cnac H CBY
Ha.ny CBOjy nOAa:>KeMO y CHary PYKY HaIIIHX, KpeHHMO
,naKAe ,npare BOlbe y 6op6y 3a cnac H qaCT ce6e caMfIX. He
Tpe6a Hac ynAaIIIHTH 6pOjHOCT HenpHjaTelba, Ka,n 3HaMO
,na CMO BHIIIe HO je,nHOM Ha,rgaqaAH HajcHAHHje cacKe, ,naH­
cKe H <!>paHaqKe BojcKe. AKO HaM je ca,na y 6op6H C <ppaH­
n;HMa norHHyTH, norHHHMO CAaBHO, ,na ce HenpHjaTelb HMa
156
MaAO qeMY pa,nOBaTH, a ,na CHHOBHMa H nOTOMn;HMa CBO­
jHM, IIITa BHIIIe qHTaBOMe CBeTy, npY:>KHMO pe,naK npHMep
AHOYJUj:l,
CHare H CpqaHOCTH. l-i3roBopHBIIIH TO, Hape,nH ,na ce CBH
eojcx:o€lo/Ja
nOCTpoje y 60p6eHe pe,nOBe. A.nyA<!>, naK, He nOqeKa .nyro, lCpa.Jba
Hero O,nMax ,na,ne 3HaK 3a nOqeTaK 6HTKe, y KOjy ce <ppaH­ XU.Jtoeoepma,
n;H, nOy3,najyhH ce y CBOjy 6POjHOCT, pa,no ynyCTHIIIe. CAO­ cyx:oou ce ca
C.Jto€leHUMa.
BeHH HM, HaCTojerm HCKOPHCTHTH CBOj nOAO}Kaj, C je,AHa­
KOM xpa6poIIIhy o,nOAeBaxy; IIITa BHIIIe, roTOBO 6e3 Ha,ne y
cnac, je,naH ,npyrora nOTHn;axy Ha OCBeTY. Ha Kpajy ce
TaKO pa3japHIIIe y CBOM 6ecy, ,na ce <ppaHn;H nOqeIIIe no­
BAaqHTH H rHHYTH je,naH 3a ,npyrHM. BH,neBIIIH IIITa ce [JoZUHe ca
,noralja, A.nyA<!> ce nOKaja IIITO ce yonIIITe ynYCTHo Y 6HTKY, MHOlO C€lojux
HO HH 3a KajaIbe My He OCTa MHoro BpeMeHa, jep na,ne H OH Jbydu.
C BeAMKHM ,neAOM cBoje BojcKe. DorHHYIIIe TaKolje H MHorH YMUpe
CAOBeHH, a BojcKoBolja IbHXOB BeAOCAaB 6H CMPTHO paIbeH Be.JtOC.Jta€l
Te He.nyro 3aTHM Ha nOBpaTKY KYhH HanYCTH oBaj CBeT. HaC.Jte/Jyje za
opam H:>eZO€l
)lepBaH, KHe3 CAOBeHcKH H 6paT BOAeCAaBlbeB, y }KelbH ,na
,ilep€laH..
OCBeTH 6paTOBY CMpT, KpeHy Ha Kpan,a )laro6epTa, KOjH je C.JtoeeHu
HaCAe,nHO XHAAe6epTa Ha <!>paHaqKOM npeCTOAY; nOTYKaB­ nomyx:y
IIIH ce C )lar06epTOM H C IberoBoM 6HPaHOM BOjCKOM <ppa­ cJ:!paHa4.X:oz
x:pa.Jba
HaKa H AYCTpHjaHan;a, nOTyqe HX ,no HOry. YIIIaBIIIH nOTOM
y THpHHrHjy H y KpajeBe y3 <!>paHaqKe rpaHHn;e (KaKO Y.Jta3e y
nHIIIe MOHax AHMOH y 4. KIbH3H, norAaBlbY 23), HaHece Be­ TupuH2Ujy U
AHKe IIITeTe H o,nHece ca C060M HeH3MepaH nAeH. CAOBeHH HaHoce €Ie­
.Jtux:y wmemy.
Copa6H, OCOKOlbeHH TOM n06e,nOM, yna,noIIIe TaKolje y He­
npHjaTelbcKoM noxo.ny y THpHHrHjy H CacKY, Te onn,aq­ Copa6u nyc­
KaBIIIH Te ,nBe 3eMlbe, Ha Kpajy CBe yHHIIITHIIIe H CnaAHIIIe. mowe TuPUH­
TH Copa6H npHna,najy OHHMa Koje i\aoHHK XaAKOKOH,nHA zujy U Cacx:y.
Kpajeeu
CMeIIITa y ,npeBHy nOKpajHHY TPH6aAa y ceBepHoj Me3HjH. n.p€loOUmHO
DpeMa TOMe, ,nOIIIaBIIIH ca ceBepa, 3aY3eIIIe BeAHK ,neo HaCmaH:>eHU
)laAMan;Hje (KaKO H3BeIIITaBa AHMOH y 4. KIbH3H, norAaBlbY CopaoUMa.
3a BpeMe BAa,naBHHe n;apa KOHCTaHTHHa, ,naKAe y IV. 3ay3.My
€Ie.JtulCU oeo
BeKY, HaCTaIbaBaxy ,nOIby DaHoHHjy, r,ne ce no6YHHIIIe
,ilaJI.MalJuje.
npoTHB n;apa. Ho OH HM ce (KaKO Ka:>Ke ABeHTHHYc y 2. 68
KIbH3H) o6paTH 6ece,noM c nponoBe,naoHHn;e, Te HX npH­
BOAM Ha MHp H Ha Kpajy fIX YMHpH. )lpeBHo npe6HBaAHIIITe ,ilpaeHo npe­
OU€la.Jtuwme
Copa6a (npeMa DAHHHjy) 6eaIIIe Kpaj OKO MOqBape Me­
Copaoa.
OTH,n. Je,naH IbHXOB ,neo ce 3anyTH OTy,n y cMepy ,llyHaBa H
roPIbe Me3Hje, ,nOK ,npyrH ,neo KpeHY Ha nyT npeKo Henpe­
rAe,nHHX npoCTpaHcTaBa CapMaTHje, TO jeCT DOlbcKe, ,na 6H
Ha KOHUY npo,npAH y repMaHcKe 3eMlbe He,naAeKO o,n DOlb­ Kpaje€lu x:oje
CKe, Koje ce ,naHac 30BY i\Y:>KHn;a. PacnpIIIHBIIIH ce no 3aY3UMajy
OKOAHHM KpajeBHMa, 3ayCTaBHIIIe ce H3Meljy peKa CaAe H Copaou.
i\a6e. CTora JaH )ly6paBcKH c pa3AoroM CMeIIITa TaMO
Cepoex: u
CHp6e, no KojHMa cy Ha3BaHH rpa,nOBH Cep6eK H Cep6eCT. Cep6ecm,
HeKa Hac He 3a6pHIbaBa IIITO je CAOBO 0 3aMeIbeHO zpaooeu
CAOBHMa 11 H E, jep TO ce y,nOTHqHOM HMeHY HAM peqH (Ka­ Copaoa.
KO CMO ona3HAM) qeCTO ,noralja. AYCTPHjCKH AeTonHC TOMe
157
 .,...
Copa6u, E6eH,ll.Opcpa Ha3MBa HX CMpBMjaHll.MMa, a Y TOM AeTonMCY
Cup6u, E6eH,ll.0PCP Ka:>Ke: CBojeBpeMeHO lf3a6eAa, KhM pMMCKor
CupeujaHI&U U ll.apa <PpM,ll.pMXa AYCTpMjcKor, 6eIlle Y,ll.aTa 3a 'IeIllKOr Kpa­
Cp6ujaHI&u
jeaaH cy me
lba JaHa i\YKceM6yprOBll.a, KOjM je OCTaBM no,ll. 06pa3AO­
ucmu Hapoa. JKelbeM ,ll.a je HeMohaH. Ka..a. je nOTOM 3aTpa:>KMIlle ,ll.a Y3Me
3a MYJKa Kpalba CMpBMje, OHa TO O,ll.6M, jep ,ll.a joj ce He
CBMoa IllTO je paCKOAHMK KOjM je npMrpAMO rp'IKH o6pe,ll.. Y
HCTOpMjM CaCKe 30BY ce Copa6MMa, IllTO je KO,ll. i\aoHMKa
MCKpMBlbeHO Y Copa6pM. Y cnMCMMa UapMrpa..a.CKor ca60pa
Ha3MBajy ce CMPCPMMa, IllTO je MMe KOjMM HX ,ll.aH-,ll.aHaC
Ha3MBajy cyce,ll.HM KopYIllaHM, Kpalbll.M, IIlTajepll.M M YrpM,
3e.MJbe
Cp6ujaHa l&a y
,ll.OK OHM caMM ce6e 30BY Cap6lbM MAM Cep6lbM. H>HXOBe ce
H.!!upuju. 3eMlbe y HAMPMjM npoCTMpy O,ll. CMe,ll.epeBa, rpa..a.a Ha .lly­
HaBY, CBe ,ll.O HMIlla, r,ll.e nO'IMlbe ByrapCKa. Hajno3HaTMja
cy MeCTa y Cp6MjM npeCTOHMll.a CTOHM BMOrpa..a. [Beorpa..a.],
'npu3peH, 3aTMM npM3peH, PO,ll.HM rpa..a. ll.apa JYCTMHMjaHa, na Heoc­
3aeutUlj I&apa BojMBa TBpoaBa HOBaropa M UpHaropa (HoBO Bp,ll.o), r,ll.e
. JycmuHujaHa.
ce HaAa3e npe60raTM TyPCKH PY,ll.HMll.M 3AaTa M cpe6pa.
llaKAe, C TMM i\YJKM'IKMM Copa6MMa ll.ap KapAo BeAMKH 6e­
Kap.!!oBe.JtUlCU Ille roTOBO HenpeCTaHO y paTy, Te M OH AM'IHO KpeHy MHOro
6ejaUle tiecma nyTa y 6op6eHe nOXO,ll.e Ha lbMX. HaMMe, npBM nyT, He 6M
6::'~~. AM MX nOKopMO, nOCAa OH (KaKO nMIlle [KapAo] BarpMeHCKM
y 2. KlbM3M) CHa}!{HY BOjCKY no,ll. 3anOBe,ll.HMIllTBOM Haj­
60lbHX CBOjMX BojcKoBooa, HO He ycne y CBOM HayMy, jep
C.!106eHU no- Copa6M M3aQOIlle M3 3eMlbe M KpeHyrne ycycpeT HenpMja­
mylCy KapJlOey .. 6 npeoe y 3eMlbY HenpMjaTelbCKY. CAoBeHM Ha TO, KaKO ce He
eojclCy. TelbCKOJ BOJCll.M, xpa pO HacpHYSIllM ~~ lbMX, Te ce 3a­
MeTHY JKeCTOKa M OKpyTHa 6MTKa, y KOJOJ na..a.e MHOro TIAe­
nOZl-my CJlO- ..:h
eeHCICU ICHe3 MeHMTMX M CAaBHMX ,¥paHa'IKMX MYJKeBa. norMHY TaMO M
fby6uapaz. KHe3 CAOBeHa Copa6a i\y6M,ll.par, O,ll.HOCHO lby6M,ll.par, C
69 MHOIllTBOM CBOjHX lbY,ll.M. Ka:>Ke BarpMeHCKM ,ll.a 3a cppa-
Ha'IKO KpalbeBCTBO TO 6eIlle Hajnory6HMja 6MTKa, nOIllTO y
Tpuaecem aee . ry6
XUJbaae t:Ppa- lbOJ M3 M JKMBOT TpM,ll.eCeT ,ll.Be XMlba..a.e <ppaHaKa M OKO
HalCa nozu6e 'IeTpHaeCT XM1ba,ll.a CAOBeHa. BecHMjM HO MKa..a., CBM ce
y 6ul&u ca CAOBeHM (KaKO nMIlle JOXaH ABeHTMHYC y 4. KlbM3M) yje­
C.!!oeeHUMa. ,ll.MHMIlle npOTMB <ppaHaKa, na YIllaBIllM y 3eMlbe 060,ll.PM-
YUlaeUlU y . 6
eojeoacmeo Ta, ,ll.aHaC BOJBO,ll.CTBO MeKAeH ypr, My CaCKY, nOXapaIlle M
MelC.!!eH6ypz U CnaAHIlle CBe npe,ll. C060M. To HarHa KapAa [BeAMKorj ,ll.a
Y Cac/cy, C.!!o- nOHOBHO OKYnM BOjCKY, MHoro Behy O,ll. npeTXO,ll.He, Te
eeHU na.!!e cee npe,ll.aBIllM 3anOBe,ll.HMIllTBO CBOM BOjCKOBOOM i\MyTnpaH,ll.Y,
npea C06OM. 6
Kap.!!o ce yna..a.He y 3eMlbY Copa a. Ho i\MYTnpaH,ll. He Y3Hanpe,ll.OBa
noH080 OuZHe MHoro y CBOM noxo,ll.Y, Ka,ll. 6M npMCMlbeH BpaTMTM ce
Ha opYJKje npo- HaTpar. HaMMe, yXO,ll.e My ,ll.ojaBMIlle ,ll.a My HenpMjaTelbM
mue C.!!oeeHa. yje,ll.MlbeHM ca CAOBeHMMa BHAll.MMa ,ll.OAa3e YCYCpeT C Be-
C.!!oeeHu AMKOM BOjCKOM, Te ce OH 3aYCTaBM M He XTe,ll.e KpeHyTM
nOHoeo ,ll.albe. Ha TO CAOBeHM onKOAMIlle <ppaHKe ca CBMX CTpaHa M
nomylCy Kap- y Hana..a.y KO,ll. peKe i\a6e M3BpIllMIlle CTpaIllaH nOKOlb, ,ll.a
.!!oey eojclCy. 6M 3aTMM ynaAH y CacKY M TMpMHrMjy M TaMO YHMIllTHAM M
CnaAHAM HeKOAMKO MeCTa. npMMMBIllM rAaCe 0 TOMe, KapAo
158
n03Ba K ce6M TpOjMll.Y CBOjMX BojcKoBooa, A,ll.eArM3a
nOCTelbHMKa, reHAOHa M Bopa..a.a ,ll.BopjaHMHa. Hape,ll.M MM
,ll.a oKYne MCTO'IHe <ppaHKe M Cace M ,ll.a IllTO npe KpeHY Ha
CAoBeHe Copa6e. ,llOK OHM M3BpIllaBaxy ll.apeBe HaAOre,
npMMMIlle BeCT (KaKO nMIlle AMMOH y 4. KlbM3M, norAaBlbY
74) ,ll.a ce CacM 6ejaxy n06YHHAH M YCTaAM Ha OPYJKje
npoTMB KapAoBMx lbY,ll.M. To npMcMAM <ppaHKe ,ll.a o,ll.YCTaHY
O,ll. nOXO,ll.a npOTMB CAoBeHa, a OBM ce JOIll BMIlle
OCOKOAMIlle M Beh CA060,ll.HO xapaxy ll.apeBMM 3eMlbaMa.
Uap, YBM,ll.eBIllM ,ll.a My y TaKBMM npMAMKaMa HeMa ,ll.pyre
HO YXBaTMTM ce Y KOIllTall. C lbMMa, M TO AM'IHO, YMeCTO ,ll.a
Illalbe Ha lbMX cBoje BojcKoBooe, Hape,ll.M ,ll.a ce y 'IMTaBOM
ll.apCTBY oKYne HOBM lbY,ll.M, He 6M AM KOHa'IHO nOKopMAM
CAOBeHe. ,ll03HaBIllM 3a TO, CAOBeHM ce yje,ll.MHMIlle KaKO
6M MM ce O..a.ynpAM. MOHax AMMOH, npMnOBe,ll.ajyhM 0 TOM
ll.apeBOM paTy ca CAOBeHMMa, y 4. KlbM3M, norAaBlbY 81,
Ka:>Ke: Y repMaHMjM JKMBM je,ll.aH paT060pHM CAOBeHCKM Ha­ Pamo6opHU
PO,ll., HaCTalbeH Ha 06aAaMa OKeaHa, KOjM ce Ha BAaCTHTOM C.!!08eHU.
je3MKY Ha3MBa BeAeTa6M, a Ha cppaHa'IKOM BMAUM HAM .Be<iHU He­
npujaameJbu
BYAUM. Hapo,ll. Taj 6ejaIlle <ppaHll.MMa Be'IHM HenpMjaTelb, UMeHa
Te HMKaKO He npecTajaIlle y opYJKaHMM nOXO,ll.MMa MyqMTM cjJpaHatilCoz.
cBoje cyce,ll.e nO,ll.AOJKHe cppaHa'IKOM KpalbeBCTBY MAM y ca­ 70
Be3Y C lbMM. He MoraBIllM BMIlle TpneTM lbMXOBY 6e30'I­
Kap.!!o Be.JtulCU
HOCT, KapAo BeAMKM oKYnM BOjCKY M AM'IHO KpeHy Ha lbMX. .!!U4.HO ICpeHe
Hape,ll.M ,ll.a ce carpa,ll.e ,ll.Ba MOCTa Ha pell.M i\a6M M TaKO Ha C.!!oeeHe.
6M M3AOJKMAM norM6elbM, CKAOnMIlle C ll.apeM MMp. OB,ll.e ClC.!!ana .MUP
ca IOUX08u.M
BarpMeHCKM ,ll.O,ll.aje ,ll.a KapAo ,ll.pJKaIlle MHoro ,ll.0 TOr MMpa,
ICHe30M
,ll.a CAOBeHCKOM KHe3Y ,llparOBM,ll.Y npe,ll.a MHOIllTBO Kpa­ ApazoeuaOM.
lbeBCKMX ,ll.apOBa. ,llpyrM ,ll.eo CAOBeHa, npM 'IeMY MMCAMM
Ha Copa6e, yna,ll.He y KapAoBo ll.apCTBO (KaKO npMnOBe,ll.a C.!!oeeHU
nOHoeo y'!!a3e
BarpMeHCKH), Te 6e3 MMaAO nOIllTOBalba JKapMIlle M na­
ypamc
AMIlle lberoBHM 3eMlbaMa. Uap nOCAa Ha lbMX M3 AxeHa CM­ Kap.!!OM.
Ha KapAa C BOjCKOM. UapeB CMH ce CYK06M C HenpMjaTe­
lbMMa M O,ll.HeCe n06e,ll.Y, a (KaKO nMIlle AMMOH y 4. KlbM3M, Apazoeuaoe
HaC.!!e01iux
norAaBlbY 92) MMAe,ll.OX (MMAO..a.yx), BAa..a.ap Copa6a, na..a.e y MU.!!ooyx
60jy. Ho ycnpKoc CBeMY TOMe, HMKa..a. He 6M Moryhe 06Y3­ nOZUHe y 6ojy.
,ll.aTM CAOBeHe, Te OHM HaCTaBlbaxy nyCTOIllMTM cppaHa'I­
KHM KpalbeBCTBOM, ,ll.pJKehM ll.apa roTOBO CTaAHO no,ll. C.!!oeeHU
HenpecmaHo
OPYJKjeM, IllTO ce BH,ll.M M M3 lberoBe 6MorpacpMje M3 nepa apJKe I&apa
pe,ll.OBHMKa AjHxap,ll.a, KOjM Ka:>Ke ,ll.a ce ll.ap AM'IHO ..a.yro 60­ noa 0PYJKje.M.
pMO C BeAeTa6MMa, Haj60lbMM CAOBeHMMa. nOTBpoyje
TO M onaT PerMHOH y 2. KlbM3M, Te TaKooep neTap Cy­ Kap.!!o Be.JtulCU
cezpOHo
CPPM,ll.M (MajceHCKM) Ka,ll.a Ka}!{e: CAoBeHM ce 'IeCTO xBaTaxy Ha.MY4.U He 6u
y KOIllTall. C KapAoM BeAMKMM, KOjM ce rp,ll.HO HaMyqM He .!!u nolCOpuo
6M AM HeKe O,ll. lbMX nOKopMO, a Ka,ll. KOHa'IHO CKAOnMIlle C.!!08eHe.
MMp C ll.apeM, OKpeHYIlle ce, no CBOM ,ll.peBHOM 06M'Iajy,
npOTMB ,llaHCKe. HaMMe, y 3. KlbM3M 0 BeHe,ll.MMa neTap
159
 . ....,........-­
KpY30ep XOAaHoaHliH millie Aa CAOBeHH He oejaxy HHKaAa
MHpHH, a KaA He oejaxy Y paTY C repMaHCKHM uapeBHMa,
Cx:.nonuewu OKpeTaxy oppKje Ha ,llaHue. CTora, CKAOrrHBIllH OKO
MU6.!:~OM, roAHHe 804. MHp C KapAoM BeAHKHM, cryrrHllle Y paT C
OKpell.y opyJICje AaHCKHM KPalbeM rOAHcppHAOM. YlllaBIllH ca CHruKHOM
HajJaHlJe. BOjCKOM Y 3eMlbY CAOBeHa OOOAPHTa, rOAHcppHA 3aY3e He-
KOAHKO TBpoaBa, HO ycrrpKoc TOMe, BpaTH ce H3 Tor
APawKO KHe3 rrOXOAa (KaKO rrHllle AHMOH y 94. rrorAaBlbY 49. KFbHre) y3
CJWeeHCKU. BeAHKe ryoHTKe y lbYACTBy. HaHMe, rrpeMAa HaTepa y 6eK­
CTBO KHe3a ,llpaIIIKa, KOjH oejaille yTeKao ca CBor rrOAO>Kaja
He rrOY3AajynH ce y rrOMon CBOjHX, H rrpeMAa rrOTOM YCMP­
TH H BOjBOAY rOAeAaHOa, tOAHCPPHA HrraK rrpH TOMe H3­
ryOH Hajoolbe cBoje oopue H CHHOBua PerHHOAAa, opaTOBor
CHHa, KOjH H3ryOH >KHBOT 3ajeAHo C MHorHM AH'IHHM ,llaH­
UliMa y HarraAY Ha jeAHY TBPoaBY. ,lla My y TOM paTy He
oejaxy rrpHTeKAH y rrOMon CAOBeHH BHAUH, MO>KAa OH 'IaK
H OH caM C 'IHTaBOM CBOjOM BOjCKOM HaIIIaO TaMO CMpT.
71 CaMO 3aTO IllTO BHAUH (KaKO Ka>Ke AHMOH), 300r ApeBHHX
CBOjHX CBaoa C OOOAPHTHMa, rrpHTeKOllle cBojeBolbHo Aa
OH ce 3APY>KHAH C AaHCKOM BOjCKOM, rOAHcppHA OAHece
rrOOeAY. Ho HeAYro rrOTOM, ,llpaIllKo ce rrOMHpH C rOAH­
CPPHAOM, Te cKyrIH BOjCKY C KOjOM HacpHy Ha cBoje CAOBeH-
CKe cyceAe >KapenH H rraAenH CBe OKO ceoe. nOpeoaBlllH
C!!ooeHu rrOHOBHO cBoje oopue H HeKOAHUHHY Caca, OCBOjH BeAHKH
oceajajy zpao rpaA CMeAAHHr. nAOAHHM THM CBOjHM ycrrecHMa rrOCTHrHY
C.MeJ7.0wU!.
Aa CBH OHH KOjH ce oejaxy rrooYHHAH rrpoTHB Fbera rrOHO-
BHO CKAorre C FbHM CaBe3. HeAYro HaKOH Tora, 3aTeKaBIllH
APawKo ce y TproBHIllTy PepHK, OH MyqKli YOHjeH OA H3AajHH'IKe
Mytm:U y6ujeH. PYKe rOAHcppHAOBHX lbYAH. HaKOH FberoBe CMpTH OOOA­
C!!oeeHU pHTH HarraAOllle YTBPAY Xoxoyx Ha peUH J\aOH, y y KOjOj
cpaeHe ca 3eM· TaAa rrpeOHBallle rrOKAHCap uapa KapAa H HCTO'IHHX Cacao
.!bOM mepbaey KaA je KOHa'IHO H OCBOjHille, rroTrryHo je yHHlllTHIlle.· Y
Xox6yx. rrpolllAocTH ce YXBaTHllle y KOlllTau H C AaHCKHM KpalbeM
IJomYKY"'Fa - CHP.apAOM. 3aMeTHYBIllH ooj C FbHM, rro-ryKOllle ra KOA <t>H­
.!bajJaHCKe u OHHJe. Ho OH ce, OKYITHBIllH rrOHOBHO BOJCKY, CYKOOH C He­
oceoje JYlJujy. rrpHjaTelbHMa y rroKpajHHH JYUHjH, HO H TaMO OH rrOpa>KeH
H HaTjepaH y OeKCTBO. 3arocrrOAapHBIllH JYUHjOM. CAOBe­
HH rrpoIllHpHllle cBoje uapCTBo. Y TOM paTy (KaKO H3BeIll­
TaBa AAoepT KpaHT3 y 1. KFbH3H, rrOrAaBlbY 13. ° BaHAa­
AHjH) 3apOOHllle JapMepHKa, CHHa CHpapAoBa, 3ajeAHo C
ABe FberOBe ceCTpe; jeAHY OA FbHX rrpOAaAOllle HopBeIllKOM
KPalbY, a APYry AaAOllle repMaHHMa C KojHMa HaKOH Kap­
AOBe CMpTH CAOBeHH MHOro rryTa paTOBaxy. HaCAHeAHBIllH
OKO roAHHe 818. roAHHe oua Ha rrpecToAY, J\YAOBHK no­
UapJ\.yooeuK OO>KHH ce, HaHMe, CYKOOH ca CAoBeHHMa, re (KaKO 'IHTaMO
IJ060JICHU
nOpaJICeH od
Y KapAa H3 BarpHeHa Y 6. KFbH3H) OH Y oojy rrOpa>KeH, a
MHOro FberOBHX H lbYAH rrorHbe. AHMOH, rrpH'IajynH 0 THM
C!!oeeHa ..
AoraoajHMa Y 5. KFbH3H, rrOrAaBlbY 11, Ka>Ke Aa CAoBeHH
160
HaKOH rrpeAaCKa peKe J\aoe xapaxy CaCKOM, Te Aa
J\YAOBHK rroaCAa Ha FbHX AOBOlbaH opoj paTHHKa H HaTepa jJee ZOOuHe ce
.JI.WiHO 60pu
HX Aa 0AYCTaHY OA Tora. Ho OHH rrOTOM rOAHHe 839.
npomue H:>UX u
YCTallle Ha oppKje rrpoTHB AOTH'IHOr uapa, KOjH 6H rrpH­ npempnu ee·
CHlbeH Aa ce HerrpeKHAHO ABe roAHHe AH'IHO 60PH rrpOTHB .JI.UKe wmeme.
FbHX, Aa 6H KOHa'IHO Y TOM paTY rrpeTprrHO BeAHKe IllTere
OA CAOBeHa. PaTOBaxy OHH TaKooep H C FberoBHM CHHOM
J\YAOBHKOM, APyrHM uapeM Tor HMeHa. HaHMe rOAHHe 72
869. CAoBeHH, KOjH HacelbaBaxy KpajeBe HacyrrpoT CaCH­
Ma, yrraAollle Y CacKY H HaHellle BeAHKe IllTere. YAPY­
>KHBIllH ce, AaKAe, ca CacHMa, J\YAOBHK AH'IHO KpeHY Ha
FbHX, Te 3aMeTHYBIllH 60j OAHece TeK YCAOBHY rro6eAY, yTo­
AHKO BHIlle IllTO oHTKa (Ka>Ke AHMOH Y 5. KFbH3H, rrorAaBlby
23) 6eIlle KpBaBa H C o6e CTpaHe rraAe BeAHKIi opoj 6opa­
ua. CAOBeHH HrraK He OAYCTajaxy OA CTaAHHX HarraAa Ha
FberOBO uapCTBO. Y CYKo6y C FbHMa 874. rOAHHe J\YAOBH­
KOB ce CHH KapAo 3aTeKHY y TaKBoj HeBOlbH Aa FberOBOM
Illa.1be
ony rropyqHIlle KaKO OH, He rrpHTeKHe AH IllTO rrpe y rrOMon CJ!OeeHU.Ma
CHHY, Morao H He BHAeTH ra BHIlle. J\YAOBHK AH'IHO KpeHy nox:.nucape u
Ha rryT H, OCAo6oAHBIllH CHHa, rrOCAa rrOKAHcape CAOBe­ mpeJICU MUp.
HHMa KojHMa BAaAaxy pa3HH KHe>KeBH, Te (Ka>Ke AHMOH y
rreToj KFbH3H, rrOrAaBlbY 31) CKAorrH C FbHMa MHp KaKO Haj­
60lbe Moraille. CTpalllaH H AYr 6aIlle, MeOyTHM, J\YAOBHKOB jJyzo pamyje
paT C PaAHKOM HAH (KaKO ra 30Be orraT PerHHOH y 2. KFbH­ ca C!!oeeHOM
PaOuKO.M.
3H) PaCTHToM, KHe30M CAOBeHCKHM. He MoraBlllH ra HH­
KaKO APyra'IHje CaBAaAaTH, cTyrrH y TajHe rrperoBope C Fbe­
roBHM HenaKOM, He 6H AH ra ce AO'Ierrao. KaA 3axBalbyjynH
H3AajH TO H OCTBapH, AaAe My HCKorraTH O'IH H 3aTBopHTH
ra y MaHaCTHp. HaKOH Tor ycrrexa CHAHO ce ropAHO, Tpa­
>KenH Aa ra rrOIllTyjy jOlll BHIlle Hero paHHje. na HaKO My
ycrre CBAaAaTH CAOBeHa PaAHKa, HrraK HHKaA He MOraAe
Crrpe'IHTH CAOBeHCKa ITAeMeHa Aa xapajy FberOBHM KpalbeB­
CTBOM HaHOCenH BeAHKe IllTeTe. nHllle KapAo H3 BarpHeHa
y 4. KFbH3H 0 BeHeAHMa Aa ce Taj uap H 6paT FberoB KapA­
MaH 'IeCTO cyKo6lbaBaxy ca CAoBeHHMa, a Aa MeOY CBHM
FbHXOBHM oKpIllajHMa TpH 6ejaxy HajBena: oHaj KOA ro­ IJeoecem
XLUbaoa qJpa­
pHHreHa y THpHHrHjH, ApyrH y POABHXY Y CacKoj, a TpenH
HaKa nOZUHe
H3Meoy peKa <t>YAAe H Be3ep. Y THM 6HTKaMa <t>paHUH 00 C.JI.OeeHCK e
H3ry6HIlle MHore cBoje BojcKoBooe H BHIlle OA rreAeceT XH­
lbaAa 6opaua, y3 3aHeMapHBe ry6HTKe rrpoTHBHHKa CBOjHX
pyKe.
CAoBeHa. 3a BpeMe BAaAaBHHe Te ABOjHUe uapeBa (rrpeMa
TBpAFbaMa HeKHX ayTOpa) Aeo CAoBeHa, OAHOCHO OHH IllTO
HaCelbaBaxy 6aATH'IKe oOaAe, cKJi"rrHllle CHa>KHY CPAOTY H
KpeHYllle y HarraA Ha EHrAeCKY, 3aAaBIllH CTpalllHe MyKe
Pa4.0 1qla.1b
TaMOlllFbeM KpalbY Xepecrrepy. Ho Xepecrrep Ha Kpajy H3a­
C!!ooeHa.
oe H3 jeAHor oKplllaja Kao rr06eAHHK H 3apo6H Pa'Ia HAH
(KaKo ra 30Be AAecaHAPo CKYATeTO) PaCTa, Kpalba CAoBeHa
H OCAerrH ra. npeOCTaAH ce Pa'IOBH lbYAH TaAa BpaTHllle 73
161
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CJlOBeHU Ha- OrrpeMHBIIIH rrOHOBHO cPAOTy, Harra,nOIIIe ¢HOHHjy, HaMyqH, OrrlbaqKa H crraAH H:.HXOBY 3eMlby. Ho HH TO He 6e­ CJlOBeHU ce
naoajy OCmpBO HajBaJKHHje OCTPBO y BaATHqKOM MOpy. HaHeCOIIIe TaMO jaIIIe ,nOBOlbHO ,na 6H HX rro,nBprao CBOjOj BOlbH, jep CAO­ pabajy CJW­
<:PuOHUjy. TaKBe IIITeTe H H3BpIIIHIIIe TaKaB rrOKOlb TaMOIIITher CTa­ BeHH CTaBlbajy CA060,ny Hcrrpe,n CBera ,npyrora ,nO qera ,np­ 600HU U He
MOZY HUK:OMe
HOBHHIIITBa, ,na 6H OCTPBO, ,na ce TO jOIII je,nHOM ,nOrO,nHAO, JKe, Te he pa,nHje H3a6paTH CMPT, Hero ,na cAyJKe IJ.apy HAM CJlY:JK:Umu.
OCTaAO rrOTrrYHO rryCTO, 6e3 H je,nHOr je,nHHOr CTaHOBHHKa, HKOMe ,npyroMe. HaKOH IIITO ce Ha rrpeCTO rrorreo KOHPa,n
KaKO rrHIIIe CaKCO rpaMMaTHKYC y 14. KH:.H3H. MCTO TO II, CAOBeHH HacpHyIIIe Ha H:.era qeTBpTe ro,nHHe TheroBe
rrHIIIe H BarpHeHCKH y 4. KThH3H, HO rAe,ne BpeMeHa 36H­ BAa,naBHHe, O,nHOCHO AeTa rocrro,nThera 1029, KaKO TBP.nH
CJlc;:ee;:;:u~ BaTha He CAaJKe ce y rrOTrryHOCTH ca CaKCOM. CAOBeHH pa­ CHre6ePT H3 )KaM6Aya KOjH, MehYTHM, rrpehyTKYje IIITeTe IJ.ap KOHpaO II
HenpecmaHO TOBaxy 3aTHM H ,npJKaHY ,nyro rro,n OPYJKjeM H XeHpHKa Koje Taj Hapo,n HaHeCe KOHPa,ny. BarpHeHcKH, HarrpoTHB, npempne
nod oP!PKje.M. CaKCOHIJ.a, KOjH (rrpeMa TBp,nH:.aMa rIjepcPpaHqeCKa 'fiaM­ O,nAHqHO TO orrHcyje y 4. KThH3H Ka,na rOBopH 0 rropa3y KO­ nopa3 00
jH IJ.ap rrpeTprre y je,nHoM oKpIIIajy ca CAoBeHHMa. YXBa­ CJlOOeHa.
6yAaPHja) 6eIIIe rrpBH repMaHCKH BojBo,na C rrOTrrYHoM
CJlooeHU 3apa­ CYK:06uewu ce
me ca yapeBU- BAaIIIhy Ha,n 3eMlbOM. 3apaTHIIIe 3aTHM (KaKO rrpHqa 'fiH- THBIIIH ce ro,nHHe 1055. y KOIIITaIJ. C BOjCKOM IJ.apa ¢PH­ ca eojCK:OM ya­
Ma XeHpuK:OM I pOAaMO Bap,nH y 2. ,neAY) C IJ.apeM XeHpHKoM ro,nHHe 934, ,npHKa, CAoBeHH (rrpeMa rrpHqaH:.Y CHre6ePTa H3 )KaM6Aya) pa cf>puopuxa,
U OmOHOM I. a 957. CYK06HIIIe ce C IJ.apeM OTOHOM rIPBHM. Yrra,nOIIIe H3aOoIIIe H3 oKpIIIaja Kao rr06e,nHHIJ.H H H3BpIIIHIIIe CTpa­ CJlOOeHU U3Bp'
Ta,na y repMaHHjy (KaKO rrHIIIy BarpHeHCKH H XHMepHKYC IIIaH rrOKOlb Ha,n rrpOTHBHHIJ.HMa. By,nyhH ,na ce CAaBa H:.H­ we cmpawaH
nycmawe
TepMaHujy.
MyTHyC y CBOJHM. XpOHHKaMa, )Te.Je orrYCTOIIIHIIIe, HaHoce­ XOBa 6ejaIIIe Ta,na Beh rrpoHeAa qHTaBHM CBeTOM, XapaM,
nOK:OJb.
CJlOOeHCK:U
IJ.ap OmaH npe- hH BeAHKe IIITeTe. )Ky,nehH 3a OCBeTOM, OTOH CKYrrH o,n­ Kpalb ,llaHcKe H HopBeIIIKe, 3apaTHBIIIH C pa3HHM Hapo,nH­ K:H.eJK.eBU JI.y K:
mpnu nopa3 00 AHqHY BOjCKY rreIIIaKa H KOH:.aHHKa, HO 3aMeTHYBIIIH 60j y Ma, rrpHxBaTH 3a caBe3HHKe y TOM rro,nyaaTy (KaKO rrHIIIe uJI.aJl naMa­
CJ!ooeHa TyPHHry 6H rrOpaJKeH H je,nBa ce crraCH C HeKOAHIJ.HHOM CaKCO rpaMMaTHKYC y 3. KH:.H3H 0 ,llaHcKoj) CAOBeHCKe :»::y OaHCK:OM
I<:paJby
CJlOBeHU CBOjHX. He,nyro HaKOH Tora, CAOBeHH Ha rr03HB MTaAHjaHa KHeJKeBe ,llyKa H ,llaAa y rrpaTH:.H BeAHKOr 6poja CBOjHX XapaJloy.
uoy y noMon YCTaIIIe Ha opyJKje rrpOTHB HCTora IJ.apa. Ka,n ra HacAHje,nH lby,nH. 3axBalbyjyhH ThHXOBOj CpqaHOCTH. XapaM rrOKopH CJlOOeHCK:a
HmaJlujaHUMa OTOH II, paT060pHH ra Taj rrYK CAOBeHCKH HaTepa ,na ce AKBHTaHHjy, rra rrpeIIIaBIIIH y BpHTaHHjy YCMPTH TaMO qmoma
npomue yapa. MaIIIH opYJKja H 3a,na My BeAHKe MYKe. Ho KOHaqHO, HaKOH Hanaoa
Kpalba XyM6pa. HaKOH Tora CAOBeHH caCTaBHIIIe cPAOTY o,n
CaJlaHOujy.
Pamyjy c IIITO 6ejaxy 3apaTHAH C H:.HM, OTOH II. HX Y ,nBa oKpIIIaja MHorHX, ,na He KaJKeM 6aIII 6e36pojHHX Aaha H Harra,noIIIe BooeMHoze
OmOHaM II. (KaKo rrHIIIy BepHap,no 'fiYCTHHHaHH y rrpBoj H Ca6eAHKO y HCTOqHe KpajeBe CaAaH,nHje, r,ne 3aMeTHYIIIe MHore H JKec­ oK:pwaja C
Oeajux Tpehoj KH:.H3H 3. ,neAa) TaKO rrpeMohHo rr06e,nH, ,na ce rro­ TOKe oKpIIIaje C KpalbeM PoxHMHje H O,nHeCOIIIe OrpOMaH I<:paJbe.M.
Haojat{a. BYKOIIIe CBOjHM KYhaMa. HaKOH IIITO 6ejaxy CKAorrHAM MHp ITAeH. rIoHOBO CKYrrHBIIIH jOIII je,nHY cPAOTy o,n 1500 6po­ PowUJlOuje.
CJlOOeHCK:a
CJ!oeeHU C IJ.apeM, rrpHTeKOIIIe My BHIIIe HO je,nHOM y rroMoh rrpOTHB ,nOBa, Harra,nOIIIe XaAaH,nHjy. HO 3601" oAyje (KaJKe HCTH Taj cj:)Jloma 6ewe
naMCVKY yapy. HerrpHjaTelba H rr06YH:.eHHKa. TaKo H BHKHMaH, HaKOH ,ny­ Caxo y 14. KH:.H3H) IIITO ce rro,nHrHY je,nHe HohH. HajBehH cacmaeJbeHa
CJlOeeHCK:U rorO,nHIIIThe rr06YHe rrpOTHB OTOHa, Hahe CMPT O,n PYKe HX ce ,neo rrOTorrH. HaKoH Tora, y paT rrpOTHB CAOBeHa 00 1500 Jlaba.
KpeHY ,naHCKH Kpalb CBeH, HO rrpeTprre rropa3 H (KaKO rrH­ JI.aHCK:U I<:paJb
K:He3 Mucax MHcaKa, KHe3a CAOBeHCKOr H rrpHjaTelba IJ.apeBa. MapHaH
CeeH nopa­
y6uje CKOT y 3. KH:.H3H rrpHrrOBe,na TO HCTO, aAH He CAaJKe ceo y IIIe rpaMaTHKYC y 15. KH:.H3H) rrOCTa ThHXOB p06. rIpHqa :»::eH naoa
BWCl.LMaHa. rrOTrrYHOCTH C BarpHeHCKHM, jep TBp,nH ,na ce TO 36HAO 3a XeAMoM (y 1. KH:.H3H, rrorAaBlbY 24) KaKO caCKH BojBo,na CJ!ooeHUMa y
CJ!ooeHu BpeMe BAa,naBHHe OTOHa I, KOMe cy CAOBeHH CAYJKHAH y Op,nyAcP paToBaIIIe ca CAoBeHHMa HerrpeKH,nHo ,nBaHaeCT poncmeo.
ro,nHHa, a ,na rrpHToM HH je,nHOM He H3ahe H3 60ja KaO rro- CacK:U eojeoda
pamyjy c paTOBHMa. Ho 3aTO 3a,naIIIe CHAHe MyKe OTOHY III, C KOjHM
OpoyJlcjJ 60pu
OmOHaM III. u paTOBaxy ro,nHHe 989. H 3aTHM 999. rIpe HO IIITO o,nHece 6e,nHHK, Hero YBeK rr06eheH, CBe ,no KOHaqHOr rropa3a ro­ ceca
y6ujy MH020 KOHaqHY rr06e,ny Ha,n H:.HMa, H3ry6H XHlba,ne H XHlba,ne CBO- ,nHHe 1066, O,nHOCHO OCMe ro,nHHe BAa,naBHHe IJ.apa XeHpH­ CJ!ooeHUMa
l-be20BUXJbYOu. jHX lby,nH Ha peIJ.H Aa6H. rIeTap Kpy36ep, roBopehH y 3. Ka IV. HHKora TO He 6H CMeAO 3aqy,nHTH, jep (KaKO rrHIIIe 12200uHa.
KH:.H3H 0 rrocle,nH:.eM oKpIIIajy OToHa III. ca CAoBeHHMa, JoxaHC ABeHTHHYC y 4. KThH3H) BeAHK 6ejaIIIe yrAe,n TaKO BeJluK:U Y2Jleo
CJlOOeHa.
rrHIIIe OBaKO: OTOH He MoraIIIe TprreTH (KaJKe OH) ,na CAO­ CAaBHor CAOBeHCKor rrYKa, rrOIIITOBaHor H 3601" cBoje
BeHH TOAHKO rryTa YCTaHY OPYJKjeM Ha H:.era H ,na HX OH He 6POjHOCTH. MCTH ayTop y 1. KH:.H3H KaJKe: Hapo,n KOjH 75
74 ycrrHeBa caBAa,naTH. CTora 3aMeTHYBIIIH rrOHOBHO 60j, HeMIJ.H 30BY BeHe,nHMa, a Ha H:.HXOBY BAaCTHTOM je3HKY nOOeJbeHU
HMe HM je CAoBeHH, rro,nelbeH je Ha MHOro orpaHaKa, 6y­ Ha MH020
3arrOqe 6HTKa KpBaBa H jOIII oIIITpHja H JKeIIIha o,n rrpBe.
02paHaK:a.
MaKO CAOBeHH rra,nOIIIe y BeAHKOM 6pojy, OTOH HrraK H3­ ,nyhH ,na 3a BAa,naBHHe IJ.apa JYCTHHHjaHa I. rrpera3HIIIe
ry6H rroHaj60lbe cBoje 60pIJ.e. 3aHCTa, HHKa,n HHKOMe He JlYHaB H 3aY3eIIIe ,llaAMaIJ.Hjy, AH6ypHHjy, J1AHpHK, rIaHo­
ycrre y rrOTrryHOCTH rrOKopHTH Taj Hapo,n, KaKO YOCTaAOM HHjy H ,neo HopHKa, KOjH ce H ,naH-,naHac rro H:.HMa 30Be
CUllHa
rrHIIIe H njepcPpaHqeCKO 'fiaM6YAapH y 3. KThH3H, Ka,na Ka­ CAaBoHHja. ,llOBOlbHO he 6HTH pehH 0 H:.HMa ,na cy HaIJ.Hja
Hayuja.
JKe: YIIIaBIIIH y CacKY H YCTaBIIIH rrpOTHB CAoBeHa, OTOH CHAHa H CHaJKHa. 3aTO JoxaH ABeHTHHYC rOBopH 0 Hapo,ny
162 163
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I
nQ.1Wpa. CAOBeHCKOM. A .n.a je Taj Hapo.n. MMao MCTMHolby6MBe cBoje
<tww CJta.ey lIMCI.l;e KOjM 6M Sa6M1be)KHAM CBe IheroBe .n.peBHe lIOTXBaTe,
CJW8eHC1(;OZ KY.n.MKaMo 6M cAaBHMje CM 6MAO IheroBo MMe. O. KOAMKa
liapooa.. My je CAaBa BepOBaTHO YCKpaneHa, CaMO 3aTO lIlTO My
TMjeKoM .zryrMX lbeTa YSMaIhKalIle M)'2KeBM KOjM 6M 6y.zrynMM
lIOKOlbeIhMMa lIOHY.n.HAM Ha '-IMTaIhe 6es6pojHa .n.M'-IHa .n.eAa
cAoBeHcKal AKO je lIOHer.n.e M SalIMCaHO HelIlTO 0 IhMMa,
MSalIlAO je TO rOTOBO HeXOTMI.l;e MS lIepa ayTopa KOjM lIpM­
lIa.n.axy CYlIapHM'-IKoj CTpaHM, .n.OK MMIIllbaxy KaKO 6M yBe­
AM'-IaAH .n.eAa BAaCTMTOr po.n.a. CTora cy .n.eAa CAOBeHCKa Ta­
KO lIlKpTO MAM '-IaK HeTa'-IHO OlIMCaHa .n.a, 6y.zrynM .n.a BenM­
Ha MCTopMje He3Ha6mKaI.l;a Byqe CBe CMMlIaTMje Ha CBOjy
CTpaHY, HenelIl HM Ha TpeH .n.OBeCTM y CyMIhy .n.a roBopenM
o CAOBeHMMa roBope 0 HelIpMjaTelbMMa, CBMKHYTMM Ha
6op6y Ms6AMsa Ma'-IeM, aAM He M pe'-IMMa. JOlIl HeIIlTO,
MeQyTMM, lIOMpa'-IM M YBeAMKe oCAa6M CHare M I.l;apCTBO
CAOBeHa, a 6ejaxy TO HeCAora IhMXOBa M MeQyco6HM pa­
TOBM. lla HMje Tora 6MAO, HeMa cyMIhe .n.a 6M lIOCTaAM
roClIO.n.aPM (KaKO KruKY neTap Kpys6ep M [KapAo] BarpM­
eHCKM) He caMO o6aAa BaATM'-IKor Mopa Hero M '-IMTaBe fep­
MaHMje M ¢paHUYCKe. na Ka.n. ce, .n.aKAe, M .n.oro.n.M .n.a ce
KO.n. HeKor aympa '-IMTa KaKO je Taj M Taj Kpalb MAM I.l;ap
CaBAMaO CAOBeHe, He Balba TO cxaaTMTM, HMTM BepOBaTM,
Kao .n.a CBAMao '-IMTaB CAOBeH..,CKM Hapo.n. ys BaATM'-IKO
Mope, Hero caMO je.n.aH IherOB .n.eo, 6y.zrynM .n.a cy CAOBeHM
6MAM lIo.n.elbeHM Ha MHore CHruKHe Hapo.n.e lIO.n. BAalIlny
paSAM'-IMTMX KHeLKeBa. I1CTMHa je .n.a HeneMO HMr.n.e HaMnM
Ha TBp.n.Ihe KaKO ce '-IMTaB Taj Hapo.n. MKM yje.n.MHMO, HMTM
.n.a je MKMa 6HAO KOjM Kpalb HAM I.l;ap paTOBao ca CBMMa
IhMMa o,ZIje.n.HoM. lla HMCY 6MAM TaKO pasje.n.MIheHM, 6HAO
6M MX CBMX saje.n.Ho .n.OBOlbHo.n.a ce O.zrylIpy He CaMO je.n.HOM
c::::~:e cppaHa'-IKOM Kpalby MAM I.l;apy, Hero M MHorMMa y.n.pYLKe"
weOuHuwe HMMa MeQyco6HO. CXBaTMIIle TO M KHeLKeBM CYCe.n.HMX se­
MeOY C060M y Malba, lIa ce CBMM CMAaMa Tpy.n.MlIle He 6M AM MX oCAa6MAM
60p6u npomue IhMXOBMM BAaCTMTMM CHaraMa. Hene ce CTOra HMKM HanM
Henpujame.lba. .n.a je 6HAO KOjM Kpalb MAM I.l;ap paTOBao C Hapo.n.OM CAOBeH­
76 CKMM, a .n.a My Ha lIOMonM HMje 6MO BeAMKM 6poj ynpaBo
CAoBeHa. CA~AM cy y paTy paSAM'-IHTe KHeLKeBe M 60­
pHAH ce lIpOTMB BAaCTMTor Hapo.n.a, je.n.HaKo Kao lIlTO cy TO
Y lIPOIIlAOCTM '-IMHHAH M jOlIl M CM '-IMHe illBajI.l;apI.l;M HAM
CTaHOBHHI.l;M fpMCOHca. Ko ce LKeAH caBpIIleHo YlIo3HaTH C
PyjaHlJ,U
Time, HeKa '-IHTa CBeIIlTeHHKa XeAMOMa, CaKca fpaMaTH­
yJKueajy
ee.nuK:U YVleo
KYca, AA6epTa KpaHI.l;a H AHMoHa pe.n.oBHHKa, a MeHH ne
1(;00 ocma.J!ux 6HTH .n.OBOlbHO HaBeCTH oB.n.e Kao lIpHMep Pyj aHI.l;e , Haj­
ClIoeeHa.. MonHHje o.n. CBHX CAoBeHa. KpalbeBcTBO IhHXOBO He lIpOlIa­
.n.e HHKM, OCMM KM KpeHylIle Op)'2KjeM je.n.aH Ha .n.pyrora.
OHM HajMonHMjM Te (KaKO KruKe XeAMOM) )'2KMBaxy
HajBenM yrAe.n. MeQY CBHM CAOBeHHMa. HaCTaIhaBaxy He
164
CaMO 06aAe BeHe.n.CKor Mopa. Hero M ycpe.n. caMor Mopa. HMajy
MMaxy BAaCTHTora Kpalba, a xpaM IhMXOB 6ejalIle lIOCBy.n.a fJ.llacmumoz
Ha rAacy, Te H CTora lIoAaraxy lIpaBO Ha lIpBeHCTBO y KpM­ 1(;pa.Jba.
Ay '-IHTaBe CAOBeHCKe HaI.l;Mje. Y IhMXOBOM lIoce.zry 6ejalIle Onucocmpea
OCTPBO PyjaH y BeHe.n.CKOM MOPY, .zryro ce.n.aM HeMa'-IKMX PyjaH.
MHlba M je.n.HaKO TaKO IIlMPOKO, IIAO.ll.Ha TAa, Te je .n.aHac
)KHTHMI.l;a Ce.zryHaI.l;a, Kao IIlTO je CMI.l;HAMja )KHTHMI.l;a PMM­
lbaHa. fAaBHM rpM PyjaHaI.l;a, lIO MMeHY ApKOHa, ce
.n.aHac HM pYIIleBMHe He BM.n.e, 6ejaIIle CMeIIlTeH (IIO MMlIl­
lbeIhY HeKOAMI.l;MHe) Ha BMCOKOM pTy '-IMje o6aAe C MCTOKa M
C jyra OIIA~je Mope, OlIacaHOM TaKO BMCOKMM SM.n.MHaMa
.n.a 6M CTpeAa o.n.alIeTa MS AyKa je.n.Ba .n.ocerAa BPX IhMXOB.
Ca salIMa rpM 6MjalIle salIlTMneH BeAMKOM M CHruKHOM
TBPQaBoM. CaKCO fpaMaTMKYC MeQYTMM CMelIlTa ApKOHY
Ha .n.pyro OCTPBO, SBaHO BMTOpa, y.n.albeH o.n. PyjaHa sa
lIlMPMHY peKe, a Ihera YHMlIlTMlIle XaPaM, Kpalb fOTa, M
XeMMHr, Kpalb llaHaI.l;a. A6paxaM OpTeA TBp.n.M .n.a Ha Mec­
Ty ApKOHe y .n.aBHMHM 6ejalIle CMeIIlTeH CAOBeHCKM rpa.n.
BMHeTa, a 6ejalIle TO rpM (KaKo lIMIne XeAMoM) HajBenM BuHema,
Vla8HU zpao
o.n. CBMX eBpolIcKMX rpMoBa M HajlIo3HaTMjM lIO TproBMHM ClIooeHa.
M3MeQY pasHMx Hapo.n.a. BejalIle HaCTaIheH CAoBeHMMa KO­
jM lIpMMaxy M .n.pyre Hapo.n.e, KojMMa MeQyTMM, sa BpeMe
IhMXOBor 60paBKa y rpa.zry, He .n.OlIylIlTaxy )KHBeTM lIpeMa
XpMIIlnaHCKMM 3aKOHMMa. CBe .n.o KOHa'-IHOr CBor yHMIIlTe­
Iha, Taj rpa.n. .n.aKAe YCTpaja y He3Ha601I1TBY. Ho He 6M lby­
.n.M '-IeCTMTMjMX 06M'-Iaja HM Bene roCTOlby6MBOCTM M .n.o6po­
ny.n.HoCTM o.n. CAoBeHa KOjM HacTaIhaBaxy BMHeTy. XeAMoM
CMelIlTa Taj rpM .n.pyra'-IMje, HaMMe MSMeQY YlIlna peKe
O.n.pe M rpMa KaMMHa, r.n.e ce jOIIl M .n.aH-.n.aHac BM.n.e Ihe­
roBM OCTaI.l;M. YSpOK lIpOlIaCTM BMHeTe HMje 6HAO HMlIlTa
.n.pyro .n.o HeCAora MeQY IheHMM rpaQaHMMa, '-IMMe lIOTaKHyT Y3P01(;
nponacmu
Kpalb .n.aHCKM, y LKelbM .n.a OlIlba'-IKa TaKO 60raT rpM, ca­ BuHeme.
CTaBM BeAMKY CPAOTy C KOjOM HacpHy Ha rpM, sayae ra, 77
OlIlba'-IKa M cpaBHM ca seMlbOM. PyjaHI.l;M, CTaHOBHMI.l;M
oCTpBa PyjaH, MMaxy 6po.n.oBe y BeAMKOM 6pojy, Te KpcTa­ ClI08eHu
<tecmo Hana­
penM OHMM 06aAaMa '-IMHMIIle BeAMKe IIlTeTe, a lIoHajBMIIle oajy,aaHC1(;Y·
.n.aHCKMM KpalbeBMMa C KojMMa ce '-IeCTO cYKo6lbaBaxy. ClIOOeHC1(;a
BMTMKMH.n. XOAaHQaHMH y 3. KIhMSM lIMlIle.n.a PyjaHI.l;M AeTa qJJloma 6ewe
foclIo.n.Ihera 809. caCTaBMBlIlM CPAOTy o.n. 830 AaQa, HalIa­ CaCmaalbeHa
00 8301laOa.
.n.OlIle KpalbeBMHY llaHcKY M MCTO'-IHy ¢PMSMjy, a ys OCTaAa ClIo8eHu
3Aa Koja TaMO lIO'-IMHMlIle, 3ayselIle M ClIaAMlIle rpMoBe cna.J!e OlloeH­
OMeH6ypr M HMceH, Te o.n.HeCOIIle orpOMaH lIAeH y .n.OMO­ 6ypz u HuceH
BMHY CBOjy PyjaH. BelIle TO paSAor s60r Kojer ce KapAo Be­ uxapajy
,aaHCK.O.M. u
AMKM OKO ro.n.MHe 810. MalIlM opYLKja lIpOTMB IhMX, Te MX y ucmo<tHOM
.n.Ba LKeCTOKa M KpBaBa oKpIIlaja Ha,ZIja'-Ia M lIpMBe.n.e XPM­ 4>PU3UjOM.
CTy. nOKOpMBIIlM MX (KaKO lIMlIle BMTMKMH.n.) SaxBalbyjynM KaPJlO Be.nuK:U
IhHXOBOj pasje.n.MIheHocTM BMIIle HO BOjCI.l;M cppaHa'-IKoj, Ha­ pamwec
PyjaHlJ,U.Ma.
pe.n.M .n.a CBM lIOCTaHY xpMIIlnaHM M cAe.n.6eHMI.l;M pMMcKor
165
 'I"""""
I
IIo6eau ux u 06pe,na, Te ,na 3aje,nHO ca CaCHMa, Koje HeIIlTO rrpe TOra
npueeoe 6ejaIIIe rrpe06paTHO Ha Bepy XpHCTOBY, rrAahajy ,naHaK H
Xpucmy. HCKa3yjy rroce6Ho rrOIIlTOBaEbe CBeTOM BHJIj1, KOjH Y TO
HaKOH. Kap-
JlOee CMpmu ,n06a 6ejaIIle Meny OHHM rrYKOM H3Ha,n CBera rrOIIlTOBaH.
C.JtooeHu ce PyjaHUH rrAahaxy ,naHaK CBe ,nOK rr02KHBe KapAO BeAMKH,
n06YHe u Ha- HO HaKOH H>eroBe CMPTH 0,n6HIIle IIAahaTH ,naHaK H rrpH­
nycme xpuw- ,npJKaBaTH ce Bepe XpHIIlhaHCKe. Carpa,nHIIle y CBOM rpaAY
haHcKyeepy. A . C
IIoiJu:JKy XPaM PKOHH xpaM y KOJH rrOCTaBHIIle KHrr BaTOBHTa HAM
Kuny uoO./ta (KaKO ra Ha3HBa KpaHU) 3BaHTOBHKa, KOjH HHje ,npyro ,nO
Ceamoeuma. CBeTH BH,n, Te CBaKe ro,nHHe MYIIIKapUH H JKeHe ,nOHOCHIIle
II.Jta1lajy OaliaK y Taj XPaM ,naHaK O,n je,nHOr ,nHHapa rro rAaBH. Ka,n 6H HX
Ceamoeumy.
TH ra HAM KHTHTH, jep CAOBeHH 6ejaxy 'lBPCTO YBepeHH Ka­
cyce,nH rrHTaAH 3a ,naHaK, o,nroBapaxy ,na HX y ,nOMy H>H­
Onuc KyMupa
XOBY ,nOBOIbHO 3a,nOBOIbaBa BH,n HOBO je ,naHaK H>eroB. KO ra CBaTOBHT jaIIle y CBOjHM rroxo,nHMa Ha HerrpHjaTeIbe
Ceamoeuma.
BpaTHBIIlH ce TaKO He3Ha60IIlTBY, 060JKaBaxy KYMHpa TOr Ka,nro,n My ce rrpOXTe. BepOBaxy KaKO je ,nOKa3 TOMe IIlTO,
CBaTOBHTa, KOjH 6ejaIIle H3paneH o,n ,npBa H BeAMKH rrorryT
,nHBa, a HMaIIle, Kao H JaR (JaHYC) KO,n HeKHX ,npyrHX Ha­
po,na, 'leTHpH rAaBe, KaKO 6H YAa3ehH C 6HAO Koje CTpaHe
BaAmU1.{KU
xpaMa 'lOBeK Morao BH,neTH H }'JKHBaTH y rrorAeAY Ha KY­ rrpeBMHO JIj1r rryT. no XOJIj1 Tor KOH>a rrpopHnaxy ycrrex
C.JtoeeHu HUCY
MHpOB 06pa3. M,nOA 6ejaIIle roA06pa,n, a JIj1ra My Koca HAH Heycrrex 3arrO'leTHX paTOBa, a JKeAehH ,n03HaTH TO rrpe
HOCU.JtU 6paoy.
HO IIlTO ce OCTBapH, rrpH6eraBaxy cAe,neheM rroCTyrrKY: Y
6ejaIIle ca CBHX CTpaHa ,n06po rro,npe3aHa, Te ce 'lHlbaIIIe
(KaKo KaJKe CaKCO rpaMMaTHKYC) Kao ,na orrOHaIIla CAO­
BeHCKe HaBHKe y rro,npe3HBaH>Y Koce. EejaIIle o,neBeH y xa­
IbHHe JIj1ra'lKe CBe ,nO rro,na, y ,neCHHUH ,npJKaIIIe KOBaHH
78 por, a y Taj por cBeIIlTeHHK, je,nHHH KOjH Meny CAOBeHHMa
HocaIIle 6paJI:.Y, y3 6pojHe CBe'laHe 06pe,ne YAeBaIIle BHHO.
BHHO 6H OCTMO Y pory ,nO cAe,neher ,naHa, rra rrpeMa TOMe
,na AM 6H OCTMO Ha HCTOM HHBOY HAM 6H orrMO, CBeIIlTe­
HHUH 6H rrpocy,nHAM KaKBa he 6HTH cAe,neha ro,nHHa,
TYMa'lehH orra,naIne HHBoa Kao OCKY,nHUY, a lberOBY rroCTO­
jaHoCT Kao 06HIbe. JbeBHUY ,npJKaIIle CBaTOBHT OCAOH>eHY 0
60K, a He,nMeKO ce o,n H>era MorAe cy ce BH,neTH y3,ne H
ce,nAO H>eroBa KOH>a, Kao H BeAMKH H 60raTo yKpaIIleH Ma'J.
Taj ce H TaKaB KYMHp HMa3HO y KarreAH C 'leTHpH AyKa
CMeIIlTeHoj y BeAMKOM XPaMY, rrpeM,na 6e3 HKaKBa OCAOHua
o 3H,nOBe xpaMa, a ca CBHX CTpaHa KarreAa 6ejaIIIe OKpy­
JKeHa 3aBeCaMa o,n 60raTo YKpaIIleHe rryprrypHe TKaRHHe.
Y KarreAY 6eIIle 3a6paH>eH rrpHCTyrr CBHMa OCHM CBeIIlTe­
HHKY, a HH H>eMY yseK H Ka,n ro,n MY ce rrpOXTe, Hero caMO
y rrpeTrrpa3HH'lKe ,naHe KaKO 6H CBe rrO'lHCTHO H yrAa'lao.
na HH caMOM CBeIIlTeHHKY He 6ejaIIle ,norryIIlTeHo ,nHcaTH
yHyTap 3aTBopeHHX 3aBeCa, Hero Ka,n 6H XTeo Y3eTH ,nax,
Jl.eo n.JteHa rrOTp'lao 6H Ha BpaTa H rrpOMOAHO rAaBY KaKO ,nax CMPT­
oapyjy
HHKa He 6H HH Ha KOjH Ha'lHH ,nO,nHPHYO 60JKaHCTBO, jep
Ceamoeumy.
CMarpaxy TO rrpeBeAMKHM rpeXOM. CBOM H,nOAY ,naBaxy
yseK TpehHHY paTHor H CBaKora ,npyror rrAeHa, a HMa,ne
CBaTOBHT H CBOjHx 300 KOH>a H rroce6HY CTPa2KY o,n 300
Iby,nH KOjH H,nOIIle y paT 3a H>era H CBY ,n06HT rrpe,naBaxy
CBeIIlTeHHKY, ,na 6H 3aTHM 6HAa CKAOH>eHa y pH3HHUY H3
166
Koje jy HHje 6HAO ,norryIIlTeHo H3HeTH HH Ha KOjH Ha'lHH H
HH H3 Kojer pa3AOra. nHIIle CaKCO rpaMMaTHKYC ,na HCTor
Tor H,nOAa 060JKaBaxy He caMO CAOBeHH, Hero ,na ra ,napH­
Jl.aHcKU KPQJb
Baxy H crpaHUH H KpaIbeBH cyce,nHHX 3eMaIba. Meny OBH­ CaMO WQJbe
Ma rrOCAe,nH>HMa 6ejaIIle H ,naHCKH KpaIb CaMO, KOjH My oapoee
rrOCAa Ha ,nap 3AaTHH rrexap BpXYHCKe H3pa,ne, 3a UITa Ceamoeumy.
rrpHMH H HarpaJI:.Y. He rrpone, HaHMe, MHoro BpeMeHa, a
KpaIb CaMO YMpe 6e,nHoM H OKPYTHOM cMphy H CBaTOBHT
My He 6H HH o,n KaKBe rroMohH. M,nOAY 6ejaIIIe rrocBeheH H
je,naH 6eAH KOIn KpyrrHa CTaca, KOMe HHKO OCHM CBeIIlTe­
HHKa He CMe 'lyrraTH,nA~ H3 perra HAM rpHBe, HHTH jaxa­
OCTaBHBIIlH HaBe'lep KOH>a y y06H'lajeHoM IneroBoM CTaHY,
HCTHMapeHora, 'lHCTOr H Be3aHor, 'leCTO ra cAe,neher jYTpa
HMa3HIIle 6AaTH>aBOr H 3HojaBor, Kao ,na Te HohH 6ejaIIle 79
3eMIbY rrpe,n XPaMOM 3a6Hjaxy ycrrpaBHO IIleCT MOTKH y
rrapOBHMa je,nHy rrpe,n ,npyrOM H Ha je,nHaKOM pa3M~.
3aTHM 6H rrpeKO THX rrapOBa rrpHBe3MH rrorrpeKO jOIIl
je,nHY MOTKY, TaKO 6AM3Y TAy ,na KOH> MOJKe caCBHM AaKO
rrpehH rrpeKO, a ,na He CKO'lH. Ha ,naH YTBpneH 3a Taj ,nora­
naj, CBeIIlTeHHK 6H HaKOH JIj1rHX H BeAH'laHCTBeHHX MO­
AHTBH rrOBeo CBe'laHHM KOPaKOM KOH>a 3a Y3,ne, CBe ,no OHe
TpH rrperrOHe o,n MOTKH; aKO 6H KOlb ype,nHO, je,nHY 3a
,npyroM, rrpeKOpa'lHO CBe TpH rrperrOHe, YBeK ,neCHHM KO­
rrHTOM H He 3aMeHHBIIlH HHje,nHOM ,neCHY C AeBOM CTpa­
HOM, CAOBeHH 6H 6HAM CHryPHH Y rr06eJIj1, a aKO 6H KOH>
yqHHHO cyrrpoTHo o,n Tora, 0JIj13eo 6H HM Bepy y rr06eJIj1.
CBaKe ro,nHHe HaKOH JKeTBe JKPTBOBaxy CBOM H,nOAY BeAH­ IIpu
KH 6poj JKHBOTHH>a, a rrOHeKa,n 6H CBeIIlTeHHK Y3eo H Kojer JKpmeoeal-bY
xpHIIlhaHHHa H y6HO ra 3a JKPTBY, TBp,nehH ,na je KpB y6uje jeoH02
xpuwhaHulia..
xpHIIlhaHcKa 60roBHMa H Te KaKO yro,nHa. HaKoH Tora 6H
rrpe,n BpaTHMa xPaMa rrpHpe,nHAH CBe'laHY r036y H ,nOHeAM IIoimt.ta 00
Ha CTO OKpyrAy rrora'ly rrpHrrpeMIbeHy o,n KHceAor TeCTa a Kuce.JtOi!
TaKO BeAMKY, ,na 6H ce H3a H>e Morao caKpHTH o,npaCTao mecma.
'lOBeK. CBeIIlTeHHK 6H 3aHCTa CTao H3a rrora'le, Te ce ca­
KpHO rroKpHBajyhH ce H>OMe, rra yrrHTao MOry AM ra BH­
,neTH. Ka.n 6H CBH yrAac o,npe'lHO o,nrOBopHAM, CTao 6H MO­ PyjaHljU
AMTH CBor ,na HM ,na,ne ,na ra ce cAe,nehe ro,nHHe jOIIl MaH>e ucmpajy y
uoo.Jtono/\.Jwlic
BH,nH. PyjaHnH HCTpajaxy y THM CBOjHM 3a6Ay,naMa roTOBO
may mOKOM
rryHHX rpHCTa rre,neceT ro,nHHa, a 3a TO BpeMe (rrpeMa rrH­ 35020auHa.
CaEbY BHTHKHH,na XOAaHnaHHHa y Tpehoj KH>H3H H neTpa
Kpy36epa y IIleCToj) rrOBe,nOIIle 6e36poj paTOBa C MHorHM
Hapo,nHMa, xapajyhH He CaMO rrpHMopjeM H rrpH06MHHM
167
 -
rpa,nOBHMa, Hero rrpo,nHpyhH CBe ,no Y YHyrpaWl:bOCT rep­
MaHHje H 3a,najyhH BeAllKe MyKe OH,naWlhHM KpalbeBHMa H
u.apeBHMa. Ho Bor, 'lHje cy HaM HaMepe CKpHBeHe, He XTe­
jJaHCIru KpaJb ,ne,na Taj Hapo,n paT060pHH OCTaHe y MpaKY He3Ha60WTBa,
BQJl.OeMQ.p Te OCOKOAH Kpalba ,naHCKor BaA,[(eMapa,na YCTaHe op)')KjeM
yopYJlCeH C Ha l:bHX. BaA,[(eMap CKYrrH CHruKHY BOjCKY Y HaMepH ,na HX
MHOZUM rrOKopH, HO YBH,neBWH KaKO CaMe lheroBe CHare HHCY ,no-
ClloeeHCIruM
ICHeJlCeelLMa. BOlbHe, y,nP)')KH ce C rrOMepaHCKHM KHeJKeBHMa Ka3HMH­
Haojat(a POM H BorycAaBoM, Kao H C ITpH6HcAaBOM, BAa,napOM CAO-
PyjaHye. BeHa 060,npHTa. KpeHYBWH 3aje,nHO C lhHMa y rroxo,n, BaA­
80,neMap ro,nHHe 1167. Ha,z:da'la Cp'laHe PyjaHu.e. HaKoH rro-
CpyweH 6e,ne, HaAO)KH ~a ce CBaToBHToBY KHrry CBJKe OM'la OKO
Ceamoeumoe BpaTa, Te ra BOjHHU.H rroTe3axy TAOM y rrpHcyCTBy CAoBe­
lrun. Ha. Ha Kpajy rrpeTeCTepHcawe KHrr Ha KOMa,ne H jaBHo ra
crraAHwe, ,na 6H rrOTOM YHHWTHAll xpaM H CBe y lheMY H
Orrlba'lKaAH pH3HHu.y. ITo BaA,[(eMapoBoj 3arrOBeCTH CBH ce
MOPaxy o,npehH H,noAo-rrOKAOHCTBa H rrpHrpAllTH Bepy y
je,nHHora H HCTHHCKora Bora, a ,naHCKH Kpalb HX HaCTaBH
HerrpeKH,nHo rrOTrrOMaraTH y TOMe, Te 0 CBOM TpOWKY ca-
CnoMeH Ha .
Ceamoeuma rpa,nH ,nBaHaeCT u.pKaBa y 3eMlbH HeKa,n PyjaHau. a , a ca,n
OOpJlCa ce Oy20 lheroBoj. YrrpKOC CBeMY TOMe, rrpa3HoBepje y CBaTOBHTa
Met)y pyraHcKor OCTa Ha CHa3H H .nyro ce o,nPJKa Me.ny qecHMa,
CJlOOeHlLMa. CBe ,nOK 6AruKeHH BjeHu.eCAaB, KHe3 'leWKH, He rrpe,na CBOM
Hapo.ny MOWTH CBeTor BH,na Koje 6ejawe ,n06HO o,n u.apa
OTOHa, KaKO 6H HM jaBHo HCKa3HBaAH rrOWTOBalhe. HCTH­
HY roBopehH, HH Ha Taj Ha'lHH He H36pHca qecHMa caCBHM
H3 cehalha crrOMeH Ha CBaTOBHTa, jep HaHMe H ,naH-,naHac
HeMa y qewKoj CBe'laHHjer HH pacrrpOCTpalheHHjer rr03­
,npaBa o,n OHora KOjH rrpH3HBa l:beroBo HMe. Ka,n rrpHMajy
HeKor rOCTa HAll rrpHjaTelba KOjH HM ,nOAa3H H3 ,naAeKHX
3eMalba, rroHaBlbajyhH KaJKY BHTeH, BHTeH, y 3HaK pa,nOCTH
360r Ca'lYBaHa 3,npaBlba, Kao ,na je TO 3acAyra CBaTOBH-<
TOBa. JaHHMap, M)')K rrAeMeHHT H 6paT TeTHCAaBOB, YAOJKH
KpwmeltJe CBe cBoje CHare He 6H AH HCKopeHHO rrpa3HOBepHH KYAT
TemuCllaea, CBaTOBHTa. Kpalb TeTHCAaB, KOjH BAa,nawe PyjaHu.HMa y
ICpaJba
CllOeeHCIC02. BpeMe lhHXOBor rropa3a, TeK WTO 6ejawe rro.nyqeH BepH
KaTOAll'lKoj C BeAllKOM JKHBowhy H crrpeMHowhy rrpHcTy­
nponoeeoa rrH CBeTOM KpwTelhy, Te HaAOJKH H CBHMa cBojHMa ,na rro­
ceojILM TpruKe .nyxOBHY CBOjy 06HOBY Y TOj cBeToj KpCTHOHHU.H . HH
nooaHuYlLMa HaKOH Tora He rrpeCTa HHKa,n rrporrOBe,nHMa ja'laTH lhHXO­
pet( BOJ/CUjy.
By Bepy y XpHCTa, rOTOBO Kao HOBH CBeTH ITaBAe ArrOCTOA
rrOCAaH o,n XpHCTa. BpwehH ,naKAe CA)')K6y rrpOCBeTHTelb­
CKY, ,neAOM AerrHM pe'lHMa H HarOBopHMa, a ,neAOM rrpeT­
lhaMa, rrOKpWTaBawe Hapo,n CypOBHjH H OKPYTHHjH o,n
6HAO Koje 3BepH H jow Y rrOKYwajy rrpe06pahelha TBP,nO­
KOPHHjH o,n CBHX ,npyrHx 6aATH'lKHX CAOBeHa. KaKO ce Me­
lhaxy BpeMeHa, TaKO ce H3MelhHBaxy H KHeJKeBH Hapo,na
pyraHcKor, a KOjH ce HaAa3e HHJKe rrorrHcaHH.
168
ITOITHC Ci\OBEHCKHX KHE)KEBA
KOjH Y ,naBHHHH BAa,naxy OCTPBOM PyjaHoM
BHTHCMB BAa,nawe PyjaHoM AeTa rOcrro,nlher 938, a Ha-
KOH cBoje CMpTH OCTaBH ,nBa CHHa, TeTHCAaBa H JapOMH- 81 '"'_
. VoILoeeH
pa. O,n lhHX ,nBOjHU.e, JapOMHp CTyrrH Ha rrpeCTO KPalbe- JapOMup
BHHe JlaHcKe H rrpHrpAH xpHwhaHCKO yqelhe, Te YTeMelbH ICpaJbjJaHclCe
6HCKYrrHje CYH,nCKY, XeA,AeHaMeHCKY H KalllHA,ACKY.
KPHH 6ejawe rocrro,nap PyjaHa y BpeMe u.apa KOHpa,na II,
ou.a XeHpHKa III. KPHH HMaille ,nBa CHHa, i\y6eMHpa HAH
ilu6eIC Ha3eaH
lby6HMHpa H KpHTOHa. l-heroBoM CHHY lby6HMHPY rpa,n no CJlOeeHY
i\H6eK .nyryje HMe. KPHTOH rr06e,nH y 60jy rOTlllaAKa, KHe3a lby6oMUpy.
BepAa, Te 3ap06H lherOBe CHHOBe XeHpHKa H ByTyea, 3a
BAa,naBHHe u.apa XeHpHKa IV.
CBAHTO ITOi\K, CHH JapoMHpa. Kpalba JlaHcKe KOjH je (Ka­
KO je pe'leHo) Kao KHe3 pyraHcKH cTyrrHo Ha ,naHCKH rrpe­
CTO, HaCAe,nH o,n ou.a BAaCT Ha,n PyjaHu.HMa AeTa rOcrro,nlhe­
ra 1217.
BHTHCMB, 6paT CBaHTOrrOAKOB, HaCAe,nH KHeJKeBcKY
BAaCT Ha PyjaHY, 6y.nyhH ,na 6paT lheroB 6ejaille yMpO 6e3
HaCAe,nHHKa. OH rraK OCTaBH H3a ce6e TpH CHHa, BHTHcAa­
Ba III, JapoMHpa II. H BopHcAaBa.
BOPHCMB HaKOH O'leBe CMpTH 3aBAa,na PyjaHoM OKO
ro,nHHe 1250. ITpeMHHY 6e3 HaCAe,nHHKa.
BAPHHMO TpehH CHH JapoMHpa I, HaKOH CMpTH CBe cBoje
6pahe H HehaKa, rrpey3e BAaCT Ha PyjaHY. HaKoH CMPTH
OCTaBH H3a ce6e ,nBa CHHa, HBaHa H Llje6HCAaBa. OBaj
,npyrH ro,nHHe 1260. yreMelbH MaHacTHp y KaMrry.
JAPOMHP, ,npyrH BAa,nap Tor HMeHa H CHH KHe3a BHTH­
CAaBa . .nyro BpeMeHa JKHBellle ,naAeKO o,n BAa,napCKor rro­
AOJKaja. Ho 6y.nyhH ,na cy H3YMPAH CBH o,n lherOBor po,na,
HaCAe,nH OH BAaCT Ha,n PyjaHoM OKO ro,nHHe 1300. HaKOH
CMpTH OCTaBH H3a ce6e ,nBa CHHa, JapoMHpa III. H BHTH­
CAaBa III., a oBaj rrOCAe,nlhH rrpolllHpH xpHlllhaHcTBo CBe 82
,no i\HBoHHje.
BHTHCMB. TpehH KHe3 Tor HMeHa, KOjH (KaKO je pe'leHO)
rrpOWHpH xpHlllhaHCTBO CBe ,no i\HBoHHje, HaCAe,nH ou.a Ha
rrpeCTOAY PyjaHa. HMaille TpH CHHa. JapoMHpa IV, BHTH­
CAaBa IV, Kora y6Hllle CYH,nU.H, Kao H CaM60pa H Khep
AHY, Koja rrOCTa,ne JKeHa BorocAaBa, BojBo,ne o,n illTeTHHa.
JAPOMHP IV, 6y.nyhH ,na lheroBa 6paha YMpellle 6e3 Ha­
CAe,nHHKa, caM BAa,nallie PyjaHOM. Ho H OH yMpe 6e3 CHHO­
Ba, ITa BpaTHcAaB, BojBo,na o,n illTeTHHa H IToMepaHHje,
169

CHH AHe, CeCTpe BHTHCAaBa H JapoMHpa IV, HaCAe,n;H py­
raHCKH npeCTo no 3aKoHY KpBHora Cpo,n;cTBa. CTora H ,n;aH­
,n;aHac nOMepaHcKH KHe2KeBH Hoce TaKooe H HaCAOB
BAa,n;apa PyjaHea. A TO OCTPBO PyjaH 6ellle rOTOBO npaBH
paCa)];HHK H,n;OAOnOKAOHCTBa y CAOBeHCKOM Hapo,n;y y3 BaA­
THqKO Mope.
Ho CAOBeHH He HMaxy H,n;OAe je,n;HHCTBeHora 06AHKa, Ben
Meoyc06HO pa3AHQHTe, Kao lllTO pa3AHqHTa 6ejaxy H H>HXO­
Ba BepOBaH>a. Y3 6e36poj ,n;pyrHX K)'MHpa KOjH cy ce
HaAa3HAH Ha nOlhHMa H no KYnaMa, 6ejaxy Ty H OHH CMelll-
[JoOaza 60z TeHH y xpaMoBHMa, lhy,n;cKora 06AHqja, nonYT
C.JWeeHa. Taj no,n;ara (KaKo nHllle XeAMoM y 1. KH>H3H, nOrAaBlhY 84)
6ejawe 60r CAoBeHa. ,llpyrH naK 6ejaxy CMelllTeHH y no­
y cBeneHHM lllYMaMa, a Meoy H>HMa 6ellle npOBE, 60r OHHX
U.JI<del-l:oU/JZU. H3 OMeH6ypra. 6e3 AHKa, HHTH Ha 6HAO KOjH ,n;pyrH HaqHH
H3pa2KeHa 06AHKa. nOAaIICKH CAOBeHH H Aa60HH 0602Ka­
/coo Baxy TEYTOHA. KOjH 6ejame H>HXOB MepKYP H KojeMY
CJloeelia npHHocHllle lhy,n;cKe 2KpTBe. Je,n;HaKo TaKO 0602KaBaxy H
60rHH>Y KOjy Ha CBOM je3HKY 3Baxy CHBA. OHa HMa­
llle 06AHqK KpenKe H CTaCHTe ,n;eBojKe Koja y ,n;eCHHIl.H
,n;p2Kallle AyK H CTpeAy nOBe3aHe BeAHKHM BeHIl.eM. Bellle
TO OHOM IIYKY 3HaK ,n;a ne oHaj, KO 6y,n;e BelllTO H xpa6po
pYKOBao THM opy2K:jeM, 6HTH OBeHQaH PYKOM 60rHH>e CHBe,
Koja HHje ,n;pyro ,n;o H>HXOBa JYHOHa. H,n;OA pA,llHrACT HAH
pa06au:::cm,60z pA,llHrOCT 6ejawe npe,n;MeT 0602KaBaH>a KO,n; 060,n;pHTa
vtJpuma. P KOHH, HaHMe, HaAaraxy ,n;a CBe lllTO je OTeTO Hony, yjyrpo
HaCTaH>eHHX y rpa,n;y eTpH, a npHKa3HBaxy ra y AHKY
xpa6por paTHHKa C BeAHKHM MaQeM y PYIl.H, ,n;OK Kpaj H>era
cTajawe qOBeK o,n;eBeH Kao TYOHHaIl.. Bellle TO H3pa3
06Hqaja no KojeM ce CAoBeHY KOjH He npHMH no,n; CBOj
KpOB rocTa HAH CTpaHIl.a, HMa MaqeM 0,n;py6HTH rAaBa, ,n;OK
ce, npeMa MHllllheH>Y HeKHX ,n;pyrHx, THMe ,n;aBaAO CAOBe­
HHMa ,n;onYlllTeH>e ,n;a MaqeM npH6aBe xpaHY He caMO 3a'
ce6e Hero H 3a rOCTa. CAOBeHH nOlllToBaxy TaKOue ,n;BorAa­
CJlooeliU
Be KYMHpe, na 3aTHM OHe C TpH HAH qaK qeTHpH rAaBe. Ho
ucnooeoaxy
eepy y jeoliOl ycnpKoc TOMe, HnaK HcnOBe,n;axy Bepy y je,n;Hora je,n;HHor
jeouliol 602a 60ra Ha He6y MonHHjer o,n; CBHX ,n;pyrHX H KojeM ce OCTaAH
.M.ohliujez 00
60roBH nOKOpaBajy. By,n;ynH ,n;a BAaCT Ha He6y 6ejawe y
ceuxopyzux.
H>erOBHM pYKaMa, ,n;pyrH, H>erOBe KpBH, BplllHAH cy cAy2K:6e
833a Koje 6ejaxy 3a,n;y2KeHH, npH qeMY HajCaBpllleHHjH MeOY
H>HMa 6ejallle oHaj Haj6AH2KH 60ry 60roBa. CBOjHM 60rOBH­
Ha Ma CAOBeHH 2KPTBOBaxy He caMO 2KHBOTHH>e Hero HM no
CltooeliC1QLM ce
los6aMilliOCUO HeKa)]; npHHOCHllle H lhy,n;CKe 2KpTBe, a nOCBenHBaxy HM
y Kpyl nexap xpaMOBe H OATape 3aje,n;HO ca CBelllTeHHIl.HMa, Koje nOlll­
nyli ~lia, liao TOBaxy qaK H BHllle Hero KpalheBe. Y QaCT 60roBa o,n;peuH­
IWJ!LM. cy Baxy noce6He ,n;aHe CBeqaHOCTH, TOKOM KOjHX npHpeOH­
y'!.eCHUltU . Uap XeHpHK 1. HayMH npHBynH BepH cyce,n;He Hapo,n;e, a
USloeapwtU Baxy JaBHe ro36e. Ha THM ro36aMa cy HOCHAH y Kpyr nexap
KJ!emee. nyH BHHa, Ha,n; KOjHM n03BaHH H3roBapaxy npOKAHH>aH>a H
170
.....
KAeTBe, y HMe ,n;06PHX H Y HMe 3AHX 602KaHCTaBa. Bepo­
Baxy OHH, HaHMe, ,n;a ,n;06pa cpena ,n;OAa3H o,n; ,n;06por 60­
2KaHCTBa, a 3Aa cpena o,n; 3Aor, Te HX CTora Ha CBOM je3HKY
'lpliu60z.
Ha3HBaxy (KaKo Ka2Ke XeAMoM) ,llHa60A HAH qpHHBOr
BeJlu602.
O,n;HOCHO Il.PHH 60r, O,n;HOCHO BEABOr, 6HjeAH 60r. Bejallle
KO,n; H>HX ,n;06pHX 3aKOHa H 06Hqaja ,n;OCTOjHHX 0,n;06paBa­ Xewte epeoliu
CJIOeeliC1Ul
H>a. ,llP2Kaxy MHoro ,n;o Tora ,n;a nOTOMIl.H nOlllTyjy
Sall:OIiU.
CTape H nOKopaBajy HM ceo He 6ellle KO,n; H>HX cHpoMaxa HH
npocjaKa, jep Ka)]; 6H HeKO oHeMonao 360r 60AeCTH HAH C.JWeeIiCKO
2Ocmo­
opoHYo o,n; CTapoCTH, ,n;aBaAH 6H ra Ha CTapaH>e HaCAe,n;­
np!LM.cmeo.
HHIl.HMa, KaKO 6H ra OHH MHAOCp,n;HO HeroBaAH H XpaHHAH.
Bejaxy yBHjeK BHllle Hero cnpeMHH yrOCTHTH nyTHHKa
(npeMa CBe,n;OqeH>HMa XeAMOMOBHM, Te HBaHa H3 UHpHxa
y 1. KH>H3H 0 ,n;peBHHM ro36aMa), TaKO ,n;a KO ro,n; 6H ce
3aTeKaO y H>HXOBOj 3eMlhH, He 6H yonlllTe Mopao Tpa2KHTH
YTOqHlllTe, 6y,n;ynH ,n;a 6H My CBH O,n;Max n02fCYpHAH y
CYCpeT, TaKMHqenH ce KO ne My npy2K:HTH rOCTonpHMCTBO.
CBe lllTO 6H Taj Hapo,n; CaKYnHO Tpy,n;OM CBOjHM Ha H>HBH,
AOBOM H pH60AOBOM, TpOlllHO 6H Ha cBoje rOCTe H Ha
,n;apOBe, CAaBenH Kao HajcHa2KHHjer H HajMonHHjer OHora
KO 6ejame y TOMe BeAHKo,n;ylllHHjH, ,n;a He Ka2KeMO 6alll
Pa3JI02 KOju
pacHnHHjH. YnpaBO TO 6ejallle qeCTO pa3Aor H>HXOBHM
euw.e nyma
IIlhaqKaH>HMa H rycapeH>y MopeM. CMaTpaxy TO onpOCTH­
noocmaKIiY
BHM nopOKOM, HaBo,n;enH Kao onpaB,n;aH>e roCTOlhy6HBOCT CJloeelie lia
Ha KOjy 6ejaxy Ha CBaKH HaqHH 06Be3HH. CAOBeHCKH 3a­ 2ycapeH:>e.
6y,n;e pa3,n;elheHO roCTHMa. AKO 6H KOjHM CAyqajeM (lllTO ce
K aSlia OIiO.M.e
36H TeK BpAO peTKO) HeKO YCKpaTHO CTpaHu.y rOCTonpHM­ KO lie 6u
CTBO y CBOjOj KYnH, CBaKOM 6ejallle ,n;onYlllTeHO CnaAHTH np!LM.UO
cTTlpalilta lia
My,n;OM ca CBHMe lllTO je y H>eMY, a CBH 6H yCTaAH Ha H>era
cmali.
H npOrAaCHAH ra He,n;OCTOjHHM H nO)l;AHM, Te 3a6paHHAH ,n;a
ce npHMH y ,n;PYlllTBO OHora KO 6ejame o,n;peKao XAe6 H
<
rocTolhy6HBOCT TyOHHu.y. 3aKAeTBa HM 6ejame y nOTny­ 84
HOCTH 3a6paH>eHa H CMaTpaxy ,n;a je 3aKAHH>aH>eM, HCTO K 00 CJloeelia
Kao H KpHBOKAeTCTBOM, Moryne HaBynH Ha ce6e OCBeTHHq­ je 3a6paH:>e1i0
saKJ!UH:>amu
KH 6ec 60roBa. nOqHHHTelhe TelllKHX 3AOqHHa pa3anHH>axy ceo
Ha KpH2fCY, TBp,n;enH KaKO KpH2K H He CAy2K:H H~eMy ,n;py­
CJloee IiU lie
rOM ,n;o y,n;apaH>y Ha MYKe 3AOTBopa H He 2KeAenH noCAy­
npU3liaeaxy
lllaTH nponOBe,n;aH>e CBeTOCTH KpH2Ka. MHorH CBeTH lhy,n;H
ceemocm
H xpHlllnaHCKH KHe2KeBH MYKY HaMyqHllle He 6H AH HX Kpcma.
npe06paTHAH Ha Bepy y XpHCTa, jep y MarHonOAY, BpaH­
Bpahaxyce
,n;eH6ypry, Ha PyjaHY, y nOMepaHHjH, npyCKoj H MBOHHjH
'!.ecmo
BAa,n;axy pa3HH rocno,n;apH KOjH HacTOjaxy YHHlllTHTH
lie3lia60w.mey
XpHlllnaHCKY Bepy. na H Ka,n; 6ejaxy npHCHlheHH npH­
XBaTHTH je, cBeje,n;HaKO ce qeCTO Bpanaxy He3Ha60lllTBY·
3aTHM CHH H>eroB OTOH 1. npHCHAH HeKe o,n; H>HX Ha IIAa­
naH>e ,n;aHKa H Ha npHXBaTaH>e Bepe, Te MHoro Hapo,n;a 6H
171
 .,...,.
KpIIITeHO, HapO"UITO y BpaH,n:eH6YPIIIKOj KpajHHH H Ha no­
,n:pyqjy MeKAeH6ypra. TaKo ce 3a BpeMe BAa,n:aBHHe TPHjy
I.J;apeBa, CBHX HCTora HMeHa OTOH, H 3axBaz:&yjyhH IbHXOBOj
no,n:pIllI.J;H, TH y onIIITeM npOI.J;BaTy HcnYHHIlle
I.J;pKBaMa, CBeIIITeHHI.J;HMa H KaAyOepHMa. Ho CTaHOBHHI.J;H
npHMopCKRX KpajeBa, HajcypOBHjH o,n: CBHX, He npHX-Ba­
Jy.1tUHl,jU U~ THIlle xpHIllhaHCKY Bepy. Y nOMepaHHjH JYAHHI.J;H 3a6pa­
[loMepaHUJe . .
nOClleOl-bU HHIlle CTpaHI.J;HMa ,n:a nponOBe,n:aJY HOBY Bepy. BeJaxy CTora
rocno,n:ap 060,n:pliTa y3 CH1\He Hanope 0,n:6paHHO o,n: caCKor
npuxeamuwe Meoy nOCAe,n:IbHMa KOjH npHcTynHIlle xpHIllhaHCTBY, HaKO
BojBo,n:e MarHa caMO ,n:a He 6li nOCTao xpliIllhaHliH.
xpuwhaHCmeo. HH CTaHOBHHI.J;H YHYTpaIllIbOCTH He 6ejaxy nOCTojaHH y Be­
pH. Ha HCTOKY, 3a BpeMe BAMaBHHe OToHa III, nOIbCKH
BojBo,n:a BOAecAaB. KOjH 6ejaIlle npHCTynHo OTOHOBOM I.J;ap­
CTBy H npH3Hao IberoBY npeMoh, nOT'lHHH CAaBHjy CBe ,n:o
O,n:pe H nOKpCTH TaMOIllIbH Hapo,n:, Te TaKO H Ha HCTOKY
nO'le npOJJ:HpaTH CBeTAOCT JeBaHOeIba. HAH BH­
BU.1tUHZ npeu
XPUWh~HCKU AHHr, npBH xpHIllhaHCKH Kpaz:& CAoBeHa, npeMHHy ro,n:HHe
ClloeeHCICU 980, a CHH IberOB jaBHO HcnOBe,n:aIlle Bepy y XpHcTa, ,n:OK
KPa.Jb· je nOTajHo nporaIbao. BH1\YHr BAa,n:aIlle y BpeMe OToHa I. y
npHMopcKoj CAaBHjH o,n: peKe BHCAe CBe ,n:o KHM6pHje: Ha
Bojeooa 00 TOM no,n:pyqjy ,n:mfCHBeIlle npOI.J;BaT npeCTOHHI.J;a BHHeTa,
npliBeCTli xpliIllhaHcKoj Bepli, HaopyJKaIlle ce npOTliB Ibe­
CacICe u PeTpa, JYAHH, CTapHrpa,n:, BOAraCT, ,lleMHH. KYI.J;HH, MeA­
MapKU300 XHH H XIDKHH. HaKOH IberoBe CMPTH, CHHOBH pa3,n:eAHIlle
nOT'lliHli li He cnoMliIbyhli liM Bepy, jep je 3Hao KOAHKO HM
BpaHoeH6ypca Meoy C060M noce,n:e. 3a BpeMe IbHXOBe BAa,n:aBHHe Bep­
U3a300y n06y- .
Hy C.1tOeeHa Hap,n:, BOJBo,n:a o,n: CaCKe, nOTCTaKHY IIAeMCTBO Ha 6YHY
npomue npoTHB I.J;apa XeHpHKa H TaKO nOCTynaIlle ca CAOBeHHMa,
xpuwMHa. ,n:a ce OHH rOTOBO BpaTHIlle He3Ha60IIITBY. HCTO TO je 'lH­
HHO H MapKH3 o,n: BpaH,n:eH6ypra, nocTynajyhH C HOBHM
xpHIllhaHHMa TaKO OIIITPO, ,n:a OHH 6ejaxy npHCHIbeHH
OpyJKjeM 6paHHTH CBOjy CA060,n:y. TH nAeMHhH, ,n:aKAe, y
CBOM npe3Hpy npeMa xpHIllhaHcKoj BepH, 6ejaxy OKpyTHH
npeMa xpHIllhaHHMa ,n:o Te Mepe ,n:a CnaAHIlle IbHXOBe
I.J;pKBe H noy6HjaIlle IbHXOBe CBeIIITeHHKe. TaKo ce CAOBe-. <
.85 HH HaCTaIbeHH H3Meoy Aa6e H O,n:pe, KOjH 6ejaxy npOBeAH
ce,n:aM,n:eceT ro,n:HHa )KIiBehH Kao xpHIllhaHH, BpaTHIlle
He3Ha60IIITBY, 3a IIITa BojBo,n:a o,n: CacKe HHje MapHo, 6PH­
He 6u OOOO.lbHO HYhH ce caMO 0 TOM ,n:a ,n:06Hje JJ:yJKHH ,n:aHaK. He 6H ,n:o­
pamoeamu ca BOIbHO, YOCTaAOM (KaKo KroKe neTep ApToneyc), paToBaTH
C.1tOOeHUMa. C TaKO MohHHM Hapo,n:oM. XeHpHK AaB HnaK nOCTH2Ke
o,n:peoeHH ycnex y TOj 6YHH. CAoBeHcKH KHe2KeBH 6ejaxy,
nOC1\e MHcTHBoja, IberoBH CHHOBH AHa,n:par, fHej H Y,n:OH,
cTpaIIIHo AOIll 'lOBeK K01"a 3601" OKPYTHOCTH H y6HIlle. CHH
IberoB fOTIllaAK Ha,n:MaIIIH y OKPYTHOCTH 'laK H oI.J;a, HO
KacHHje ce nOKaja H OCTaBH ce Ma. no nOBpaTKY C ,n:Bopa
,n:aHCKOra Kpaz:&a y ,n:OMOBHHY, nOTpy,n:H ce Ha CBaKH Ha'lHH
nOBpaTHTH TaMO xpHIllhaHCTBo, Te 'leCTO H Ali'lHO no,n:CTH­
I.J;aIlle Hapo,n: ,n:a nocehyje I.J;PKBy; ycne My npli3BaTH XPHIll­
haHCTBY rOTOBO TpehHHY TaMOIllIber Hapo,n:a KOjH ce 3a
BpeMe MliCTHBoja BpaTHO He3Ha60IIITBY, HO KOHa'lHO ra
172
BAaCTHTH Ibe1"OBH Iby,n:H y6HIlle, a 3a IbHM OCTa CliH XeH­
pHK. CAOBeHli ce BpaTliIlle He3Ha60IIITBY, a OHe KOjH liC­
Tpajaxy y BepH y6Hjaxy. BpeMe THX onIIITHX HeMlipa
6ejaIIIe 1066, OCMa ro,n:liHa BAMaBliHe I.J;apa XeHpliKa IV.
Y CTpaxy ,n:a 6H liM ce fOTIllaAKOBH CliHOBli MorAH OCBe­
THTH 3a O'leBY CMpT, CAOBeHli H3a6paxy 3a CBor KHe3a
KpHTOHa, BeAHKOr HenpHjaTeIba XpliIllhaHa, KOjli ce Kao
H3 Mp2KIbe npeMa IIAahaIbY ,n:aHKa, CAOBeHliMa 6eIlle MpC­
KO li xpliIllhaHCTBO. Bejaxy liM o,n: nOMohli XeHpHK IV. H
CHH Ibe1"OB XeHpliK V, KOjH HaMyqliIlle Cace ynAeTeHe y
I.J;pKBeHe nOCAOBe. Ho BOAecAaB, npaheH nOIbCKliM KHe2Ke­
BliMa, HarHa cyce,n:He nOMepaHcKe CAoBeHe ,n:a npHxBaTe
xpHIllhaHCTBo, Te CTora HCTO'lHli CAoBeHli nocTaxy XPHIll­
haHH npe o,n: 3anMHRX. KpHToHa, y3 nOMoh IberOBe 2KeHe
CAaBliHe, nHjaHor y6li fOTIllaAKOB CHH XeHpliK, KOjH no­
TOM Y3e liCTy Ty 3a 2KeHY H 3Mo6H O'lliHCKY KHe­
2KeBHHY. CAoBeHH, YBH,n:eBIIIH ,n:a HX KHe3 IbHXOB 2KeAH
ra, HO XeHpliK HX, y3 nOMoh caCKora BojBo,n:e Ma1"HYca,
je MPCKO xpHIllhaHCTBO. n06e,n:li 3aTliM (KaKO je pe'leHO)
PyjaHI.J;e y IbYTOM 6ojy, Te nOT'lliHli li IbHX 3aje,n:Ho C Ba1"­
pHMa, nOAanCKliM CAoBeHliMa, 060,n:pHTHMa, KHI.J;HHHMa,
UHpI.J;HnaHliMa, nOMepaHI.J;HMa li CBHM OCTaAHM CAoBeHli­
Ma CBe ,n:o nOIbCKe. CTeKHe TaKO HaCAOB Kpaz:&a CAoBeHa,
86
HO He xTje,n: ra npHMHTH H3 CKPOMHOCTH. npeMHHY 1"o,n:liHe KHe3
1126. ,llaHcKH Kpaz:& KaHYT npey3e TMa BAaCT HM ,n:p2Ka­ UCmottHUX
BOM 3a paqyH XeHpHKoBRX CHHOBa. XeHpHKY npHna,n:aIlle C.1tOeeHa
TaKooe nOKpajHHa C OBe CTpaHe peKe naHa, r,n:e KHe3 HC­ BepmUCAae
donywma Ceo
TO'lHe CAaBoHlije BepTHCAaB ,n:onyCTH CB. OTOHY. BHCKYny oa
BaM6ep1"a, ,n:a nponOBe,n:a xpHIllhaHCTBO, Te H caM, 3aje,n:HO nponooeoa
ca CBOjHM nAeMCTBOM H CBliM CBOjliM rpMOBliMa, npH­ Meoy l-beG'OOUM
XBaTH Bepy y XpHCTa. JeBaHoeIbe ce o,n:p2Ka TaMO CBe ,n:o HapoooM.
XeHpHKa AaBa, BojBo,n:e o,n: CaCKe, KOjli npH xo,n:o'laIllhy Ha
rpo6 focno,n:HHa HaIIIe1"a y JepyCaAliM nOBe,n:e Kao canyT­
HHKa npH6licAaBa, KHe3a Hapo,n:a CAOBeHCKor. HCTH Taj
Hapo,n: y npoIIIAoCTH ,n:p2KaIlle y CBOM noce,n:y H npyCKY, Te [JpYCKa y
noceoy
RX 3Baxy npycHMa. He 3HaM Ka,n:a ce HaCeAHIlle y THM C.1tOOeHa.
KpajeBHMa rOIbeHH HY2K,ll;OM H 6e,n:oM CBora 3aBH'faja, KOjH
ce HaAa3li ceBepHHje, npeMa HCTOKY, MHoro BHIlle o,n: H3­
Bopa peKe TaHalic, KOjy caBpeMeHHI.J;H HaIIIH 30BY TaHa.
OHli, ,n:aKAe (KaKO nHIlle 1)aM6YMapH y 4. KIbH3li), 6e2KehH
o,n: CHera H Ae,n:a 3aBli'laja, npHcTHroIlle y Ty 3eMIbY, Te je
3aTeKaBIllli HeHaceIbeHOM, HaKOH IIITO je 6ejaxy HanYCTHAH PaHuje
fOTH (KaKO ce Bli,n:li H3 HCToplije), 6ejaxy BpAO 3MOBOIbHH, HaCe.lbeHa
TomUMa.
TOAHKO ,n:a ce TaMO 3aYCTaBHIlle li HaceAHIlle. He npeooIlle,
173
 r
MeDYTHM, BHC1I.Y, r,1l.e 6ejame HeMau.a, Hero ce pamHpHme
0,1l. peKe KPOM KOjy HeKH ,1l.aHaC 30BY Ilepry1l., a Ha1I.a3H ce
HCTOqHO 0,1l. IlpYCKe, na CBe ,1l.0 BHC1I.e, Koja pa3,1l.Baja
CapMaTHjy 0,1l. fepMaHHje. IlpeM,1l.a 3aY3eme qHTaBY 3eMlbY,
y Jl.Y)KHHH 0,1l. OKO ,1l.BeCTa ne,1l.eCeT MHlba H y mHpHHH 0,1l.
CTO qeTp,1l.eCeT MHlba, yonmTe He npHCTynHme 06paQHBa­
Iby 3eMlbe, Hero OCTaBHme CBe no,1l. namIbau.HMa, MO)KJl.a
3aTO ,1l.a ce He 6H MOPaAH 60PHTH 3a Iby C ,1l.pyrHM HapO,1l.H­
Ma, Ka,ll.a 6H ce npoqy1l.a Ibe3HHa n1l.0,1l.HOCT, H1I.H MO)KJl.a
3aTO jep He 6ejaxy CBHKHYTH 3eMlbOpa,ll.IbH, C 063HPOM Ha
TO ,1l.a ce npexpaIbHBaxy HCKlbyqHBO MeCOM, H TO Hajqemne
ITpyCK:U Clto­ CHPOBHM, a )KeD raCHme MAlljeKoM, qHCTHM H1I.H KaTKa,ll.
eeHU eooe
nOMemaHHM C KOIbCKOM :KpBlbY, KaKO TO qeCTO H ,1l.aHaC qH- peq BOJKjy, a OHe ce (3acHrypHo qy,1l.0M 0,1l. Bora) 3aycTa­
me.IKQIC
He TaTapH. He nO,1l.H3axy 3H,1l.aHe KYne, Ben CTaHOBaxy Y BHme, Te ra HaqYlbeHHX ymHjy CTa,ll.Ome C1I.ymaTH, Henpe­
.lKUeom.
nenHHaMa H mYnlbHHaMa HAll Jl.YnlbaMa cTa6aAa, mTHTenH CTaHO ,1l.p)KenH norHyTy r1l.aBY npe,1l. IbHM. CBemTeHHu.H
CBOjy ,1l.euy H ce6e 0,1l. XAa,1l.HOne H 0,1l. na,ll.aBHHa caMO IbHXO­
BOM KOpOM. KaKo ce MO)Ke 3aKlbyqHTH H3 HCTOPHjCKHX ,1l.e­
CMeJlU cy
1I.a, 6ejaxy TO lbY,1l.H n03HaTH no CMe1l.0CTH BHme Hero no 0,1l. Kpaja n03HaTor no,1l. HMeHOM ¢>e1l.cxaY3eH. Ce,1l.aM ra ceew.meHUX:Q
JbyOu.
paT060pHOCTH. TOKOM MHorHX BeKOBa He HMaxy cBoja 60­ nYTa np060,1l.ome MaqeM, a 3aTHM My O,1l.pyGHme r1l.aBY H
)KaHCTBa HHTH n03HaBaxy Bepe, ,1l.a 6H HX Ha Kpajy 06Y3e1l.0
TaKBO 1I.YJl.H1I.0 ,1l.a 3a cBoja 60)KaHCTBa npH3Hame 3BepH,
3MHje H ,1l.pBene (KaKO Ka)Ke na-,na IlHO II), C1I.e,1l.enH y TOMe
3a611.YJl.Y OCTaAllX C1I.0BeHa. Bejame KO,1l. IbHX je,1l.aH xpaCT
87 nO,1l.elbeH Ha TpH ,1l.e1l.a, y KOMe ,1l.P)Kaxy cBoja 60)KaHCTBa. C
CTpaHe CTajame KYMHp IlETYH HAll (npeMa ,1l.pyrnMa)
IlEPKYH. mTO 3HaqH MYIba. Y IberOBY qaCT xpaCTOBHHOM
ITepYH 1502 nOTnalbHBaxy H O,1l.p)KaBaxy BaTpy ,1l.aIbY H Hony, a aKO 6H
~!~~: ce ce KOjH nYT 360r HeMapa nOC1I.Y*HTelbeBa yracH1I.a,
oI50.IKQeQfbe. KpHBu.a 6H CHam1l.a cMpTHa Ka3Ha. C ,1l.pyre cTpaHe 6ejame
KYMHp IlATPYiMilO. IloToBaIbe Tor H,1l.01l.a ce cacTOja1l.o y
TOMe mTO ,1l.P)Kaxy )KHBY 3MHjy KOjy. KaKO 6H joj )KHBOT
6HO mTO yro,1l.HHjH, xpaHHme M1I.eKOM. C Tpene CTpaHe 6e-·
KYMUP ITQmeJl. jame CMemTeH KYMHp KOra 3Baxy IlATEA, a IbeMY y qaCT
qyBaxy r1l.aBY HeKor npeMHHy1l.0r. YiMaxy H MHora ,1l.pyra
60)KaHCTBa, KojHMa O,1l.aBaxy nomTOBaIbe H nOqaCTH, a y3
TO HM CTaAHO npHHOCHme )KpTBe y xpaCTOBHM mYMaMa.
K01l.HKO CTBapH HMaxy, TOAllKO 6ejame IbHXOBHX 3amTHT­
HHKa H 60)KaHCTaBa. Ho, BPXOBHO 60)KaHCTBO 6ejame OHO
Koje Ha3HBaxy BYPXAJT, KOMe ce HajBHme K1I.aIbaxy, a
epxoeHo
150000QHcmeo 6ejame yje,1l.HO KYnHO 60)KaHCTBO H 3amTHTHHK YKYnHe
npyc/CUX IbHXOBe nOKpeTHe HMOBHHe H CTOKe, O,1l.HOCHO KOIba, roBe­
C.1WeeHQ.
,1l.a, oBau.a, K03a H CBHIba. .LJ.pyro je,1l.HO 6 O)KaHCTBO, no
KyMUp HMeRY CHEJBPAT, 6ejame npeTnOCTaBlbeHO rycKaMa,
CHejl5pQm.
KOKomHMa, naTKaMa, ro1l.y6Hu.aMa H naYHOBHMa. Tpene
KYMUP I'yPICO. KYnHO 60)KaHCTBO 6Hjame fYPKO, KOMe npHna,ll.ame 6pHra
3a CBY xpaHy mTO ce je,1l.e y KYnH. OCHM Tora, 6YJl.YnH ,1l.a
He n03HaBaxy H HeMaxy HHKaKBa nHCMa HHTH C1I.0Ba, He
BepOBaxy Ka,ll.a 6H HM HeKO peKao KaKO qOBeK KopHCTenH
174
C1I.0Ba MO)Ke ,1l.pyI'OMe OTBOpHTH Jl.Ymy H HCKa3aTH CBOjy BO­
lbY. Yi3 CBHX THX pa311.0ra OKO I'O,1l.HHe 1000. npamKH 6HC­
KYn A,1l.a1I.6epT 6H nOC1I.aH y IlpycKY npOnOBe,1l.aTH Bepy. Ho ITpaw.K:U
l5ucICyn
KaKO He HMame qHMe nAaTHTH npe1l.a3 peKe Oce, y,1l.apHme AOQJtl5epm
ra BeC1I.0M, mTO OH CTpnlbHBO OTpnH. YmaBmH y 3eMlbY, nponooeoQ
noqe npOnOBe,1l.aTH Bepy y XpHCTa, 06enaBaTH 6eCMpTHOCT Meby
H ,1l.0Ka3HBaTH KaKO CyHu.e, Meceu., BaTpa, BO,1l.a H mYMe, ITpyCUMQ.
Koje TaMomIbH lbY,1l.H nomTOBaxy, HHCY caMH no ce6H HH­
KaKBa 60)KaHCTBa, Hero cy TeK CTBopeIba. IlHme JaH .LI.y­
6paBCKH y 6. KIbH3H ,1l.a ce Taj CBeTH qOBeK, Ka,ll. YBH,1l.e ,1l.a
TH HeBepHHu.H He )Ke1l.e qyTH HH peqH 0,1l. IberoBHx npo­
HepasYMHe
nOBe,1l.H, OKpeRY CTaJl.Y OBau.a H noqe IbHMa npOnOBe,1l.aTH .lKUeomufbe HQ
AOQJtl5epmoey
l5eceoy n02HY
MQee.
88
H,1l.01l.0nOK1l.0HHu.H CXBaTHme ,1l.a HM A,1l.a1I.6epTOBa npOnOBe,1l.
KBapH nocao, Te ra Cna1l.Hme y 611.H3HHH Mopa, He,1l.a1I.eKO
UOO.l1.ono­
1C.l1.0HUX:Q.
06eCHme TPyn 0 cTa611.0. Ho IberoB ,1l.0ManHH CKYnH CBe
,1l.e1l.0Be Te1l.a H caxpaHH HX. fO,1l.HHe 1226. Be1l.HKH MajcTop
IbeMaqKHX (TeToHcKHX) BHTe30Ba HacpHy Ha npycKe ITpyc/CQ
C1I.0BeHe H n06e,1l.H HX y 60jy, HaKOH qera y nOKpajHHY nocmaje
XpUW.1'i.QHCICQ
IlpycKY 6H npBH nYT YBe,1l.eHO xpHmnaHcTBo, a HCTO TaKO U yeoOu ce He­
H HeMaqKH je3HK, ,1l.0K rOTOBO nOTnyHo OJl.YMpe je3HK MQtiICU jesuIC.
npycKHX C1I.0BeHa. BYJl.YnH ,1l.a ce OB,1l.e HeMa mTO ,1l.pyro
penH 0 IbHMa, npenH neMo Ha C1I.0BeHe H3 PycHje, KOjH ce
,1l.aHaC 06HqHO Ha3HBajy MOCKOBlbaHHMa. Y ,1l.06a Ka,1l.
,1l.pyrH C1I.0BeHH KpeHyme H3 CapMaTHje, ,1l.a 6H OTHmAll
HeKO npeMa fepMaHCKOM MOPY, a HeKO nyT .LI.yHaBa, PYCKH
C1I.0BeHH OCTa,ll.Ome y CBOjHM npB06HTHHM 60paBHmTHMa,
ITuCIJu sooy
a KO,1l. CTapHjHx aYTopa HX HaAa3HMO no,1l. pa3HHM HMe­ C.l1.0eeHe us
HHMa. E1I.Hje CnapTHjaH H KanHTOAlljcKH y IlHjOBOj 6HO­ Pycuje
rpa¢HjH, Te ¢>1I.aBHje BonHcKo y 6Horpa¢HjH AypeAlljaHa, pasHUM
30BY HX POKC01l.aHH; IlAllHHje HX y 4. KIbH3H, nor1l.aBlbY 12, UMeHUMa.
30Be TOC01l.aHH; IlT01l.eMej naK TpOC01l.aHH; CTpa60H HM y 7.
KIbH3H ,1l.aje HMe PaCHa1I.H H PocaHH; Pa¢ae1l. B01l.aTepaHo,
Kao H MHorH ,1l.pyrH, 30Be HX PyTeHHMa . .LJ.aHac HX 06HqHO EmUMO.l1.0zujQ
Ha3HBajy PycHMa, O,1l.HOCHO Pa3acYTH, jep Ha PYCKOM HAll UMeHQ PyCQ.
C1I.0BeHCKOM je3HKY poceHa H He 3HaqH HHmTa ,1l.pyro ,1l.0All
pa3aCHnaIbe, a HMe HM PyCH HAll pa3acyTH He 6H Ha,ll.eHYTO
6e3 pa311.0ra. HaHMe, Ka,ll. C1I.0BeHCKH HapO,1l. 3aY3e qHTaBY
eBponcKY CapMaTHjy H ,1l.eo a3HjcKe, C1I.0BeHCKa ce Hacelba
npomHpHme H pa3acyme 0,1l. Ae,1l.eHOra Mopa ,1l.0 Cpe,1l.0­
3eMlba H Ja,ll.paHa, Te 0,1l. Be1l.HKOra MOpa,1l.0 Ba1I.THKa. IIlTa­
BHme (KaKO nHme JaK06 Majep y 1. KIbH3H), PYCKH C1I.0­
BeHH noc1I.ame lbY,1l.e ,1l.a YTeMelbe Hacelba H y ¢>haH­ Pyc/CQ HQCeJbQ
Y @.l1.QHOpUju.
,1l.PHjH, r,1l.e HX ,1l.aHaC 30BY PyTeHHMa. fpu.H HX naK .... ",.a ..."",
175

Ha3BaMl: (KaKO TBPAR llpoKonRje R3 Ue3apeje) CnOpR, Tj.
pa3aCYT HapOA. HaCTaH>aBaxy OJIYBeK eBpOnCKY CapMa­
TRjy, oHaj H>eH Aeo KOjR R AaHaC 3aY3RMajy, HaKOH IllTO
paTOBaH>eM 6ejaxy YBellliKe npOIllRpRAU cBoje uapCTBO.
Kan.wwje fbRXOBO uapCTBO AOCerHY TOllliKY BeAR"<IRHY (KaKO nRIlle
eeAUlW pyCKO CRrRCMYHA Xep6epIllTajH) CTOra IllTO CBe Apyre TaMOIllH>e
1CpQ.Jbeecmeo. HapoAe RAH npoTepaIlle RAH RX HarHaIlle Aa JKRBe Ha H>R­
XOB Ha-qHH R npeMa H>HXOBRM 06H'lajRMa. PyCKO KpaJheB­
CTBO ce, 3axBaJhyjyhH TOMe, AaHac npOCTRpe OA HCTO'lHRX
rpaHRua Ha peUH TaHR R Mo-qBapR MeOTHA H OA ceBepHHX
rpaHRua y i\RTBR H Ha peUH lleYKe, AOK je Apyra peKa, no
89 RMeHY llORMa, pa3ABaja OA <PRHcKe, KOjy (KaJKe Xep­
Xajfiw.a CeM.l!a. 6epIllTajH) PyCR Ha CBOM je3HKY 30BY XaHHIlla ceMAa (Ka­
jaHcKa 3eMlbaj, na CBe AO i\HBoHHje, llpycKe R llolbcKe Ha
3anaJIY, Te Ha jyry AO CapMaTCKRX ropa H AO peKe THpe,
KOjOj je AaHac HMe ,llH>eCTap. TR KpajeBR 06YXBaTajy TaKO­
oe nOKpajHHY JyrapRjy RAH (KaKO je 30BY PyCR) Jyrpy, R3
AmU.l1.UfiU
Koje y npOIllAOCTH nOTeKOIlle X.YHR, Aa 6H 3aTRM OCBOjRllli
XyfiU 6ejaxy
llaHoHHjy R nOA ATHARHHM BOOCTBOM nOKopRllli MHore eB­
noaafiul,tu
C.J1.0eefia.
ponCKe 3eMlbe. CTora ce PyCH Anqe Aa cy nOAaHHUR H>H­
Pycu no
XOBR Y npOIllAOCTR no~apMRllli BellliKe eBponCKe ApJKaBe.
npupoau
PyCH, CTaHOBHRUR CapMaTRje, 6ejaxy n03HaTR (KaKO
pamo6opfiu.
nRIlly 1)aM6YAapR R rRHTxep y 4. KH>R3R) Kao MYJKeBH no
lloMa:JKY
iloMnejy
npHpoAR paT060pHH R HeYKpoTHBR. Y npoIllARM BpeMe­
BeAUKOM
HRMa npYJKRIlle nOMoh TaKOoe H PHMCKOM UapCTBY, Ka,Il;
npomue
lloMnej BellliKR 6ejame y pary C UPHOMOPCKHM Kpa1beM
Mumpuaama.
MRTpHAaTOM, C KOjRM PyCH HaCTaBRIlle JOIll JIYro paTo-
Pyc/CU Kfie3
BaTR. Y TO A06a 3anOBeAHHK HM 6eIlle KHe3 TacoBau, Kora
Tacoeal,t.
CTpa60H R EjOHAo 30BY TacHje. PyCH cy ce CAYJKHAH CAe-
Opyw.jePyca.
AehHM OpYJKjHMa (npeMa CTpa60HY, KH>Hra 7): Ma-qeM, Ay­
KOM, KonlbeM, OKAOnOM R IllTHTOM OA rOBeoe KOJKe. Ko­
pHCTRIlle TO OPYJKje He caMO npOTHB cyceAa Hero H npOTUB
HajYAaJheHRjHX HapOAa, KpaJheBCTaBa R uapCTaBa. TaKO 3a
Pycu caceKY
BpeMe BAa,Il;aBRHe uapa BHTeAHja (KaKO nRIlle JOXaH ABeH­
P~Ke '-/erne U TRHYC Y 2. KH>R3R) npera3RIlle ,llyHaB R caceKOIlle ABe -qeTe
y6u)y KOH.3Y.J1.a. M . 6
Azpuny. PRMCKRX BOJHRKa, a 3aTHM npOBaAHIlle y e3HJY H y Rille
Kaaa ce Pycu KOH3YAa R ynpaBRTelba ArpRny. Y TO BpeMe (KaJKe MHXO
3aycmaeUw.e y COllliH>aHHH) HaCTaHRIlle ce y RlllipCKOj Me3HjH H A06RIlle
H.J1.upw<y. HMe PaIllaHH. Eejaxy YAPYJKeHR C rOTHMa Ka,Il; y BOjHOM
Pycu yapy- noxoJIY pa30pRIlle Eypony H Apyre 3eMlbe, HO (KaJKe Xep­
:JKefiU c romu- 6epCTeHH) nOA 3aje)l;HR-qKRM RMeHOM rOTR, 6YJIYhR Aa OHR
Mapa30pe
Eepny. ynpaBlbaxy nOXOAHMa. llO-qRHHIlle BeAHKe IllTeTe R y rp-q­
. KOM uapCTBy. 3a BpeMe BAaAaBRHe uapa i\eoHa i\aKaneHa
Hanaaa)y rh
l,tapcmeo ['pita ?KYnRIlle Ha BeAHKOMY MOPY 't'AOry OA neTHaeCT ~Rlba,ll;~
c 15 XUJbaaa JeApeH>aKa C nOCa,Il;aMa OA TOllliKO lbYAH Aa RM Je 6poJ
.J1.a1)a. (KaKO KaJKe 30Hapa y 3. cBecUH) TeIllKO R 3aMRCAHTH, Te
HacpHyme Ha KOHCTaHTHHonOlb, a nOHOBHIlle Hana,ll; R 3a
90 BpeMe BAa,Il;aBHHe uapa KOHCTaHTRHa MOHoMaxa. BpAO je
176
"I""""'"
A06po n03HaTa BeAnqRHa R CHara CAOBeHCKora HapOAa, ilo3fiamaje
KOjR y KpaTKO BpeMe onpeMR CRAHe 6pOAoBe, IllTO AocaA Cfia2a C.J1.oeefi­
HRje 3a6eAeJKeHO HRTR y jeAHOMY ApyroMY UapCTBy. Ynp­ CKOZ fiapoaa
KOC TO...,Me IllTO rp-qKR ayTopR, y HaCTojaH>Y Aa Y3BRce
nO)l;yXBaTe BAaCTRTora HapOAa, nRIlly Aa ce PyCR BpaTRIlle
KYtrn He3a,1l;OBOlbHR. i\eronRc JepeMRje Pyca roBOPR ynpa­
BO cynpoTHo, HaRMe Aa ce PyCR HaKOH BellliKor nOKOlba
rpKa BpaTRIlle KYhR KPUaTR nAeHOM. rOARHe 6886. OA no­
CTaHKa CBeTa (npeMa PYCKOM KaAeHAapy Rllli 1378. no
XpRCTy) BeAHKR BojBoAa OA PycRje ,lleMeTpRje n06eAR y
60jy MohHora TaTapcKor KPaJha 3BaHor MaMaj. TPR roARHe
Pycu U3epw.e
KacHRje, nOHOBHO ce CyK06RBIllR C TRM TaTapRHoM, TaKO cmpaw.afi
pa36R, nopa3R R cace-qe H>eroBY BOjCKY (npeMa Xep6ep­ noKO.Ib fiaa
IllTajHY) Aa 3eMlba yOKpyr BRIlle OA TpRHaeCT MRlba 6eIlle TamapUMa.
npeKpRBeHa AeIlleBRMa lbYAR norRHYARx y 6RUR. llpehYT­
KYjeM Ty Apyre AR-qHe R CAaBHe nO)l;yXBaTe Tor MohHor Ha­
pOAa, jep MR HRje URlb HR HaMepa RcnpeAaTR RCTopRje
RAH AeTonRce, Hero TeK YKpaTKO cnOMeHYTR Haj3HaMeHR­
TRje CTBapR Koje ce TR-qy CAOBeHCKor HapOAa. AKO RX HeKO
KOjRM CAy-qajeM JKeAH y nOTnyHOCTR yn03HaTR, npoHahR
he CBe IllTO JKellli A03HaTR KOA JepeMRje Pyca, CRrRcMYH­ 3anucu 0
Aa Xep6epIllTajHa R <ppaH-qecKa ERCRa R3 EepraMa, KOjR
je HeKO BpeMe np060paBRo y PyCRjR R OCTaBRO 3a6eAeIllKe
o TOM KpaJheBcTBY. Ca6eARKo TaKooe y 3. KH>R3R CnOMRH>e
Pyce. Haj3a,1l;, R jeAaH je nRcau R3 KpaKoBa OCTaBRO BpAO
Ta-qHa CBeAo-qeH>a 0 06e CapMaTRje. Y Te KH>Rre, AaKAe, He­
Ka 3aBRpR 3HaTRJKelbHR -qRTaAaU, jep Ha Taj he Ha-qRH
6RTH y nOTnyHOCTH 06aBeIllTeH 0 CBeMY IllTO ce TR-qe Pyca
HAH MocKoBlbaHa, AaHaC n03HaTRX no~eAHaKo nOA 06a
RMeHa. ,llOK JOIll 6ejaxy He3Ha60IllUH, PyCH RMaxy R 060­
JKaBaxy noce6He cBoje KYMRpe KojHMa Ha,Il;eHYllie (KaKO
Haan.u Pyca:
KaJKe MjexoBHTa) cAeAeha RMeHa: ll110P (llepyH), OAHOCHO iluop, Kopco,
MYH>a, Te CTPl1E (CTpR60r), KOPCO (Xopc) R MOKOCi\O MOK0C.l1.0.
(MOKOIll) Ko RX je npBH R3Beo R3 Te 3a6AYAe R npe06paTRO
Ha XPRIllhaHCTBO, He 3Ha ce ca cmypHoIllhy R y Be3R ca
THM MHIlllbeH>a cy pa3llli-qRTa. PyCH ce y CBOjRM AeTonR­
CHMa XBaAe H OTBopeHO KaJKY Aa PyCRja npRMR 6AaroCAOB Ceo Afiapuja
H npHXBaTH xpHIllhaHCTBO no CBeTOM AHAPRjH, XpHCTOBy npoceemumeJb
y-qeHHKY, KOjH, KaKO ce KaJKe Aooe y PyCHjy R3 rp-qKe. nponoeeaa
Me1)y PyCUMa.
YnAOBHBIllH y YIllhe EopRCTeHa, KpeHY Y3BOAHO peKOM CBe
AO nAaHRHa rAe ce AaHac HaAa3R KRjeB, Te TaMO nOAellli
CBOj 6AarocAoB, nOKpCTR -qHTaB Kpaj R nOCTaBR CBOj KpCT
nponoBeAajyhH Aa ce TaMO y3 MHAOCT EOJKRjy RMajy ca­
rpa,ll;RTR upKBe y BellliKOM 6pojy. HanYCTRBIllR Taj Kpaj, 91
CTHJKe AO H3Bopa EopRCTeHa Ha BeAHKOM je3epy BOAOX, Te
ce 3aTRM peKoM i\oBaT cnYCTH AO je3epa l1lbMeH. 3anYTRB­
IllH ce peKoM BOAXOB, Koja R3BRpe R3 HaBeAeHor je3epa,
CTHJKe AO HOBropOAa, a 3aTHM HCTOM peKoM oAe AO je3epa
177
 r
repMalicKO Aa,n;ora H peKe HeBe. OTrrAoBH CBe .n:o Mopa Koje PyCH 30BY
a OHH KOjH ce ycrreIIle CrraCHTH 6eKCTBOM yl)oIIle y rpa,n; H
Mope Pycu lia Bape'loje, .n:OK je KO.n: .n:pyrHx rr03HaTO rro.n: HMeHOM rep­
TaMO ce 3aTBOpHIIle. OAra HX .n:p:>KaIIle rro.n: OrrCa,n;OM 'lH­
ceoMje3UK!! MaHCKO MOpe, H3Mel)y BYHAaH.n:a (<t>HHAaH.n:a) H AHBoHHje,
TaBHX ro.n:HHY .n:aHa, HO KOHa'lHO rroCTHroIIle CrrOpa3YM, rro
30ee Bape'l.oje. 6 . P B' Py'
Ce. Taoej .n:a H Ha KpaJY CTHrao Y HM.. epYJY HCTO TaKo. CH.n:a Je
npoceemume.Jb Mel)y IbHMa 60paBHo CB. Ta.n:eJ rrpOCBeTHTelb, KOJH HM rrpo­
nponoeeoa rrOBe.n:aIIle H KOjH HX KOHa'lHO rrpeo6paTH Ha Bepy XPH-
Meoy PyCUMa. CTOBY, Te je CTora (KaKo rrHIIle 1'laM6YAapH) o.n: CBHX CBeTHX
Ha He6y oHaj Kora HajBHIIle rroIIlTyjy. LIHHH ce Mel)yTHM .n:a
HeKH rp'lKH ayTopH TO HH-je'lY H xohe .n:a je PyCHja TeK
MHOro CTOlbeha HaKOH TOra rrpOCBeTlbelba XPHCTOBOM
BepOM. Ho H .n:a je CBe Ta'lHO TO IIlTO 0 Ce6H KIDK)' CaMH
PyCH, He MO:>Ke ce HrraK HerHpaTH .n:a HHCY rrOHOBHO 3a­
rraAH y He3Ha6oIIlTBO. HaHMe, u;ap BaCHAHje MaKe.n:OHau;
(KaKO rrHIIle 30Hapa y 3. cBecU;H) rrOCAa PycHMa 6HCKYrra
TeocPHAa o.n: Kora rrpHMHIIle xpHIIlhaHcTBo, Ka.n: Taj 6HCKYrr
Lfyoo KH;,UZe 6 t.
JeealiOeJba. rrpe.n: IbHMa aU;H y BaTpy KlbHry JeBaHl)elba, a OHa OCTa
HeOIIlTeheHa. Y AeTorrHCHMa Tor Hapo.n:a HaAa3HMO 3aTHM
Pycu ce 3arrHce, rro KojHMa pYCKa KpalbHu;a HAH BojBoTKHlba OAra
epanajy xpuw- 6ejaIIle Ta Koja yse.n:e y KpalbeBCTBO xpHIIlhaHCKY Bepy.
nalicmey 3a- 6 h .
xeaJbyjynu KaKO ce TO 3 HAO, OB.n:e eMO YKpaTKO H3HHJeTH.
KPaJbUl&U PyCKH KHe3 I1rop Y3e 3a :>KeHY rrOMeHyTy OAry H3 IlAe-
OJlZU. IIlKOBa, rra 3aTHM ca CHAHOM BOjCKOM o.n:e o.n: KYhe y.n:aAeKe
3eMlbe H CTHraBIIlH CBe .n:o XepaKAeje H HHKOMe.n:Hje, 6eIIle
PyCI(U Klie3 6 . h M
Hzop nozulie 00 rrOpa:>KeH y OJY· Ha rroBpaTKY KY H, rrorHHY o.n: PYKe aA­
pYKe opee- .n:HTa, KHe3a .n:peBlbaHCKHX CAoBeHa, y MecTy 3BaHOM Ko­
JbaliCKOZ Klie3a peCT, r.n:e H .n:aHac Ae:>KH caxpalbeH. HaKOH O'leBe CMPTH,
ManOuma. IberoB CHH BpaTocAaB, 6y.n:yhH JOIIl YBHjeK .n:eTe y KOAeBU;H,
TaKo U OIiU He 6ejaIIle y CTalbY BAa,n;aTH KpalbeBCTBOM, Te MajKa OAra
C1!oeeliu Koje yrrpaBlbaIIle 3eMlbOM YMeCTO Ibera. .llpeBlbaHH rrOCAarne K
Keulim Kyp- IbOj .n:Ba.n:eCeT H3aCAaHHKa, Tpa:>KehH O.n: Ibe .n:a Y3Me 3a
l&uje 30ee CI(U- MY:>Ka IbHXOBOr KHe3a MaA.ZJ:HTa. OAra HaAO:>KH .n:a ce 3apo6e
MAPrA, MAKOIli H KYMI1PI1. BAa,n;HMHP rrOCTa,n;e rocrro­ 93
mu, nOCllawe
oeaoecem H3aCAaHHU;H H rroKorrajy :>KHBH Te, rrpe HO IIlTO ce rrpo'ly <
U3aCllaliUKa rAac 0 TOMe, rrOCAa O.n:Max cBoje rrOKAHCape .llpeBlbaHHMa, C
A.n.eKcaliopy rropYKOM .n:a, :>KeAe AH je 3a CBOjy KHerHlbY, He OKAeBajy,
BeJlUKOM. Hero rrOIIlalbY JOIIl H3aCAaHHKa H rrAeMeHHTHjera po.n:a.
92 LlpeBlbaHH joj CMeCTa rrOCAaIIle JOIIl rre.n:eceT lby.n:H
H3a6paHHx Mel)y HajcAaBHHjHMa H HajrrAeMeHHTHjHMa H3
IbHXOBor Hapo.n:a. Ka.n: rrpHCTHroIIle K OArH, OHa Hape.n:H .n:a
6y.n:y 3aTBopeHH y TaMHHll;Y H TaMO HX :>KHBe CrraAHIIle.
CMeCTa rrOCAa .llpeBlbaHHMa cBoje rrOKAHCape .n:a HX H3Bec­
Te 0 IbeHOM .n:OAacKY H .n:a Hape.n:e .n:a ce rrpHrrpeMH Me.n:o­
BHHa H CBe .n:pyro HY:>KHO (rrpeMa IbHXOBHM 06H'lajHMa) 3a
rrorpe6HY CBe'laHOCT IbeHOM MPTBOM MY:>KY. CTHraBIIlH y
LlpeBlbaHCKY, o.n:eHe ce y U;PHHHY H rrpHpe.n:H 3a CBora MY­
:>Ka CBe'laHe 3a.n:yrnHHu;e 3a BpeMe KOjHX orrH .llpeBlbaHe H
rro6H HX rreT XHlha,n;a. HaKOH Tora ce CMeCTa BpaTH y KHjeB
H rroCTpojH cBoje lby.n:e, .n:a 6H HX 3aTHM rrOBeAa y rroxo.n:
rrpOTHB .llpeBlbaHa. 3arro.n:eHYBIIlH 60j C IbHMa, rro6e.n:H HX,
178
KOMe OHH H3 rpa,n;a o6ehaIIle OArH YMeCTO .n:aRKa .n:aTH TpH
rOAy6Hu;e H HCTO TOAHKO Bpa6au;a 3a CBaK:y KYhy y rpa.n:y.
TeK IIlTO joj 6H rrpe.n:aH pe'leHH .n:aHaK, OAra Hape.n:H .n:a ce
rro.n: KpHAa rOAy6Hu;a H Bpa6au;a rrpHBe:>KY :>KHIIlKe 3a
O.nza 06UJ1.li0
BaTpOMeT H 3aTHM rrYCTH rrTHu;e Ha CAo6o.n:y. OHe ce oceemu CMpm
BpaTHIIle CBOjHM .n:OMOBHMa, a He.n:yro rrOTOM OHH :>KHIIlU;H ceozaMY:lK:a
H3a3BaIIle BaTpy y KOjOj H3rojeIIle roTOBO CBe KYhe. lby.n:H­ Hzopa.
Ma y rpa.n:y He rrpeOCTa .n:pyro Hero H3ahH H3 rpa,n;a, Te Ta­
KO rra,n;OIIle y 3apo6lbeHHIIlTBO, a OAra OMyqH .n:a 6y.n:y .n:e­ O.nza oceoju
AOM y6HjeHH, a .n:eo IbHX 3a,n;p:>Ka Kao po60Be. OCBOjHBIIlH 3e.MJby
Ha Taj Ha'lHH CBe 3eMlhe Koje 6ejaxy y rroce.n:y .llpeBlbaHa H JI,pe8Jbalia.
06HAHO HM ce OCBeTHBIIlH 3a MY:>KeBY CMPT, BpaTH ce y
KHjeB. HaKOH HeKor BpeMeHa o.n:e y KOHCTaHTHHorrOlb, 3a Kpcmu ce U
BpeMe BAa,n;aBHHe u;apa J OBaHa UHMHCKa, Te ce TaMO KpC­ npoMeliu UMe.
TH H rrpOMeHH HMe OAra y JeAeHa. Uap je KpalbeBCKH
.n:apOBa, HaKOH 'lera ce BpaTH KYhH. PyCH je ycrropel)yjy ca
CYHu;eM, jep TaKO KaKO CYHu;e CBOjHM 3paKaMa o6acjaBa
CBeT, TaKO My.n:pa H pa360pHTa OAra xpHIIlhaHCKOM BepOM
rrpOCBeTAH KpalbeBHHY PyCHjy. HaKOH OArHHe CMPTH, 3a­
BAa,n;a Ibe3HH CHH CBaTOCAaB, KOjH Ha Maj'lHHOM Tpary HC­
Tpaja y xpHIIlhaHCKOM MHAOCpl)y H rrOIIlTOBaibY Bora. Ka,n;
H OH YMpe, HaCAe.n:H ra CHH IberOB BAa,n;HMHP KOjH o.n:cTyrrH B.!!aoUMup
o.n: 3arrOBe.n:H BO:>KHjHX H rrOHOBHO YBe.n:e H.n:OAOrrOKAOHCTBO yeoOu uooJto­
nol(JtOlicmeo y
rro.n:H:>KYhH MHOIIlTBO H.n:OAa y KHjeBcKoM Kpajy. npBH ce o.n:
Pycujy.
THX KYMHpa 3BaIIle nEPO H HMaIIle cpe6pHY rAaBY, .n:OK
.n:pyrH 6ejaxy Ha'lHlbeHH o.n: .n:pBeTa, a HMeHa HM 6ejaxy PyCKU
YCAAJ1., XOPC, ,llACBA (.lla:>K.ll:6or), CTPI1B (CTpH6or), CI1­ KyMUpU.
lbyou UM
.n:ap 'lHTaBe PycHje. BAa,n;HMHP .n:a,n;e rrory6HTH cBoja .n:Ba npuliocuwe
6paTa, JeporroAKa H OAera, Te rrOCTa TaKO HeOrpaHH'leHH :lK:pmee.
rocrro.n:ap 'lHTaBe PycHje . .llol)oIIle Ta,n;a K IbeMY H3aCAa­
HHU;H pa3HHx Hapo.n:HocTH H CBaKH ra o.n: IbHX Hyl)aIIle .n:a
)f(eJlU
rrpHcryrrH IberoBoj BepH. Yrro3HaBIIlH pa3HOAHKOCT Bepa, yn03liamu
rrOCAa cBoje H3aCAaRHKe .n:a BH.n:e H yrro3Hajy cBojcTBa H pa3lie eepe U
06H'laje CBaKOr o6pe.n:a HAH Bepe. O.n:a6PaBIIlH Ha Kpajy 3amo WaJbe
H3Mel)y CBHX Bepa xpHIIlhaHcTBo rro rp'lKOM o6pe.n:y H o.n:­ U3aCllaIiUKa.
AyqaH y HaMepH .n:a ra rrpHxBaTH, rrOCAa cBoje rroKAHcape y
KOHCTaRTHHOrrOlb u;apeBHMa BacHAHjy H KOHCTaHTHHY C
o6ehaibeM .n:a he 3aje.n:Ho ca CBHM CBOjHM Hapo.n:oM rrpH­
XBaTHTH xpHIIlhaHcTBo H BpaTHTH KopcYH H CBe rp'lKO
IIlTO .n:p:>KaIIle y CBOM rroce.n:y, y 3aMeHY 3a u;apeBO o6ehalbe
.n:a he MY .n:aTH CBOjy cecTpy AHY 3a :>KeHy. nOCTHraBIIlH
IIlTO je TPa:>KHO, 6H o.n:pel)eHo BpeMe H MeCTO r.n:e he 6HTH
CKAOIIlheH yrOBOP, Te ce o6e CTpaHe caCTaIIle y KopcYHY, Kpcmu ce U
npOMeliU UMe.
r.n:e ce BAa,n;HMHP rrOKpCTH H .n:06H HMe BaCHAHje. HaKOH
179
 """""
BeH'laIba BpaTii rpnHMa KOPCYH H ,n;pyra MeCTa, KaKO je
o6enao, Te O,n;pe,n;H KHjeB sa rrpeCTOHHUY, y HOBrOpO.llY
rrOCTaBH Ha,n;6HCKYrra, a ,n;pyrHM rpa,n;OBHMa ,n;a,n;e ffiHXOBe
6HCKYrre, Koje 6ejalIIe rrOCBeTHO KOHCTaHTHHorrOIbCKH
rraTpHjapx. O,n; Tor ce BpeMeHa PyCH CTaMlO rrpH,n;p2K8.Bajy
rp'lKOr o6pe,n;a. TImlle AaM6epTYC XepccpeNJ:eHHCHC, KOjH
rrpe 500 ro,n;HHa caCTaBH HCTOPHjy repMaHHje, ,n;a rrpBH
rryT 960. ro,n;HHe ,n;ooollIe napy OTOHy rrOKAHCapH pycKora
Hapo,n;a C MOA6oM ,n;a HM rrOIlIaIbe 6HCKYrra KOjH ne yqeffieM
CBOjHM H rrporroBe,n;HMa paIlIHpHTH Meoy ffiHMa xpHIlInaH­
3a6Ayoa
cKY Bepy, Te HM nap rrOCAa A,zJ;aA6epTa, KOjH saTHM je,n;Ba
AaM6epmyca
yTeKHY o,n; lDHX crraIlIaBajynH rOAH 2KHBOT. Ho TY ce
Xepc(j>eJ!­
oeficuca. AaM6epTYc Bapa, OCHM aKO He Tpe6a 'lHTaTH PHreH HAH
PyjaH YMeCTO PyCHja. HaHMe. A,zJ;aA6epT He 6ejallIe 'iex,
Hero repMaH, rrpBH 6HCKYrr Mar,n;e6ypra, Kojera OTOH sa­
je,n;HO C ,n;pyrHx rreT 6HCKYrra 6ejallIe o,n;pe,n;HO CAOBeHHMa
HaCTaIbeHHM y TO BpeMe y CacKoj H Ha PyjaHY, KaKO rrHllIe
CBellITeHHK XeAMONJ:. ,lla je Meoy PyCHMa rrporrOBe,n;ao
A,zJ;aA6epT, OHH 6H rrpHXBaTHAH PHMCKH o6pe,n;, a He rp'lKH.
OBor rrOCAe,n;lDer ce, MeOyTHM (KaKO peKOCMO) PyCH jOllI H
,n;aH,n;aHac rrpH,n;p}KaBajy. lbHXOB KHes ,n;aHac HOCH (KaKO
HaMoB pyclCUX rrHIlIe Xep6epllITajH) CAe,n;enH HaCAOB: BeAHKH rocrro,n;ap
X:fie;>ICeBa. HaIlI MHAOIlIny EO}KjOM BeAHKH H rocrro,n;ap 'lHTaBe
94 PyCHje, BeAHKH BojBo,n;a o,n; BAa,n;HMHpHje, MocKoBHje,
HOBropO.n;a, TIcKoBa, CMOAeHCKa, TBepa, JyrapHje, TIepMH­
je, BjaTKe H EyrapcKe HT,n;., Te rocrro,n;ap H BeAHKH Boj­
Bo,n;a HH}KlDer HOBropo,n;a. 'iepHHrOBa. Pja3aHa, BOAoxHje,
PyCKOBa, EeAaje, POCTOBa, JapOCAaBa, EjeAosope, Bo,n;alDe,
06,n;opHje, Ko,n;HHHje HT,n;.
PyCH H3 KpOMepe (KaKO rrpHrrOBe,n;a BarpHeHCKH y 2.
KffiHSH) , rrAoBenH CeBepHHM MopeM, rrpe oTrrpHAHKe 107
ro,n;HHa HaDOllIe y OHHM MopHMa OCTPBO ,n;OTa,n; HerrosHaTo, <
a HaCTalDeHO CAOBeHCKHM Hapo,n;oM. To je OCTpBO (KaKo H3­
Aa}Ke <PHAHrr KaAHMax CBeTOM rrarrH HHoneHTY VIII) rro,ll;AO­
}KaH H ocyoeH Ha Be'lHY XAa,n;Hony H Be'lHH Ae,n;. 30BY ra
Pycu cy <PHAOrro,n;Hja, a BeAH'lHHOM Ha,n;MallIyje KHrrap. Ha HOBHjHM
o",:X:Pl.U1.U SeMIbOrrHCHMa BH,n;HMa 03Ha'laBajy ra HMeHOM HOBaja
HOBYlY 3e.M.lby. 3eMIha. HaKOH crrOMeHa OBor OCTpBa, He rrpeoCTaje HaM
(KOAHKO ja BHllIe HH je,n;Ha 3eMIba HaCTalDeHa CAO­
BeHHMa KOjy HHCMO Ben crrOMeHYAH, aKO He rrOTaHKO, a
OHO 6apeM yorrllITeHO. Ho rrpe HO IlITO rrpeoeMO Ha ,n;pyre
Hapo,n;e, KOjH CBH rrpHrra,n;axy HCTOj CAOBeHcKoj HanHjH,
rrpeM,n;a cy HSYMpAH, 'lHHH MH ce HY2KHHM rrosa6aBHTH ce
rrOpeKAOM H TYMa'lelDeM HMeHa CAOBeHH HAH CAOBHHH, a
Koje HHje 6allI TaKO CTapo. TIPBH KOjH ra crrOMHlDe (KaKO
Sa6eAe}KHIlIe pa3HH aYTopH) 6eIlIe TIpoKorrHje HS Ue3apeje,
KOjH rrpe 1070. ro,n;HHe orrHca paT napa JYCTHHHjaHa C
rOTHMa. HcTO TaKO Jop,n;aHec AAaH, rOTOBO TIpoKorrHjeB
180
caBpeMeHHK, sarrHca HMe CAOBeHH, jacHo rroKasyjynH KaKO
y lDerOBO ,n;o6a TO HMe 6HllIe HOBO, yrrpKoc TOMe IlITO EjOH­
,n;o CTOTHHy ro,n;HHa rrpe rrporraCTH PHMCKora UapCTBa
HarrHca CBOjy HCTOPHjy Y KOjOj ce 6aBH s6HBaffiHMa Koja ce
cMellITajy y BpeMe CTOTHHY ro,n;HHa rrpe BAa,n;aBHHe Xo­
HopHja H ApKa,n;Hja H y KOjOj crrOMHffie CAOBeHe. Ho ja
BepyjeM ,n;a je rrpBH KOjH je 3arrHcao HMe CAOBeHH 6HO
TIToAeMej HS AAeKCaH,n;pHje, KOjH y CBOj OCMH rrperAe,n;HH nmOAeM£j U3
rrorrHC yBpIlITaBa CAOBeHe, HCKBapeHO HX Ha3HBajyhH Anex:cafiopuje
CYAaHH, a CMeIlITa HX y eBporrcKY CapMaTHjy Kpaj <PH­ npBusanuca
Hana, KOjH TaKOoe 6ejaxy CAOBeHCKora po,n;a, KaKO TBp,n;e UMe
Mooeficx:o.
MeAaHXTXOH rrpeMa TanHTY H A6paxaM OpTeA y CBOjOj
CHHOHHMHjH. TIjeTPO Map'leAO y TIopeKAY BapBapa Ha3HBa
HX CHAaHH H Ka}Ke ,n;a ce pa,n;H 0 Hapo,n;HMa Koje caBpe­
MeHHnH SOBY CKjaBoHHMa. Y rrpOllIAOCTH TO HMe 6ellIe 95
H.M.e MOBefi­
sacHrypHo CHAHO HCKBapeHO H Ha pa3AH'lHTe Ha'lHHe rrH­ cx:o uCX:Bapefio
caHO. HaHMe rpnH. He MoraBllIH ,n;OKyqHTH SHa'leffie HMeHa x:oo fielCUX
CAOBeHH HAH CAaBHHH, HCKpHBHIlIe TO y CKAaBHHH, a aymopa.
HTaAHjaHH y CKAaBH. Ta ce rrorpeIlIKa rroTajHo YSyKAa H Y
HeKe rrpHMepKe TIpoKorrHja HS Uesapeje, Jop,n;aHeca H
EjoH,ll;a. BepyjeM ,n;a je rrOTeKAa, aKO ce He BapaM, o,n;
TaAHjaHa KOjH (KaKO rrHIlIe MapTHH KpOMep), ,n;OK HaCToje
IlITO MHA03ByqHHje rOBopHTH H rHYllIajy ce rpy60r H3ro­
Bopa, 'leCTO HsroBapajy H YMecTO A, Te K~ cpHaTo
YMecTo CPAaTYM H rrHanepe YMecAo IIAanepe. TaKo ce ,n;o­
ro,n;HAO H ca CAaBo, Koje je rrOCTaAO CHaBo. OCHM Tora,
KaKO KO,n; ffiHX rOTOBO H HeMa pa3AHKe aKO HeKO HsrOBopH
CHaBO HAH CnHaBO, y6auyjynH CAOBO 11 H HsroBapajyhH
CnaBO, MO)K,ll.a ce ,n;oro,n;HAo,n;a cy HeBellITH jeSHKY, }KeAehH
,n;a roBope HAH rrHllIy AaTHHCKH, YMeCTO ,n;a yrroTpe6e H
rrpeBe.llY TO ca CAaBO, yrroTpe6HAH CnHaBO. HHje MH K
TOMe TeIlIKO rrOBepOBaTH ,n;a ce TO ,n;Oro,n;HAO s60r HeHa­
KAOHOCTH HTaAHjaHa, Ha,n;aCBe OHHX KOjH HacTaffiyjy o6aAe
Ja,n;paHcKor Mopa, 6Y.llYhH ,n;a HX CAoBeHH y rrpOIlIAOCTH
CHAHO HaMyqHIlIe H roTOBO YHHIlITHIlIe. JaH ,lly6paBCKH MUWJbefbe
Jafia JI,y6paB­
cMaTpa ,n;a 6ejaxy rrp03BaHH CAOBeHH HAH CAOBHHH rrpeMa cx:oz 0 UMefiY
CAOBO, llITO KO,n; CapMaTa SHa'lH pe'l, a paSAor je TOMe IlITO Cn.ooefiu ..
capMaTCKH Hapo,n;H 6ejaxy pacrrpIlIeHH H pasaCyTH llIH­
POKHM rrpOCTpaHCTBHMa, a rOBOpaxy CBH HCTHM jesHKoM H
HsroBapaxy roTOBO HCTe pe'lH, Te CTora Ha,n;eHYllIe CBHMa KpO.M.epOBO
TO HMe CAOBHHH. TIOTBPOyje TO H MapTHH KpOMep Ka,n;a .M.UWJbefbe.
Ka}Ke ,n;a cy CAOBHHH rrpOSBaHH TaKO rrpeMa CAOBO, Kao ,n;a
HMe ffiHXOBO }KeAH penH ,n;a cy HCTHHOIby6HBH, rroCTojaHH H
HerrOKOAe6IbHBH y o,n;p}KaBaffiY 3a,n;aHe pe'lH H 06enalDa. nOJbalJ,U U
YHCTHHY, H ,n;aH-,n;aHaC je y TIoIbaKa H 'iexa sa CBaKY oCY.llY opyzu
He HcrryHHTH o6enaffie sa,n;aHO (KaKO OHH rrOIlITeHOM CAoBefiu
pe'ljy, TaKO ,n;a he Iby,n;H ,n;o6pora po,n;a pa,n;Hje OTprreTH CBe oopJICaBajy
cBoje o6u4.aje.
Moryne HeBOIbe, rra 'laK H caMY CMpT, Hero rrora3HTH pe'l,
181
 THM BHllle lllTO OCBeTa 3a Ty HenpaBAY npe,n.BHl)a He CaMO
y,n.apIl.e PYKOM Hero H ynoTpe6y opy:>Kja. Ho, OCTaBlhajyhH
HMe Cll08eHu no CTpaHH HaBe,n.eHa TyMa"leI-ba HMeHa CAOBeHH, K8.2KeM
nomUtle 00 . .
pe<iU C/Ul8a. MOHO HHJe nOTeKAO HH o,n. Je,ll.He ,n.pyre pe"lH HO o,n. pe"lH
CAaBa, Te CAaBeH HAH CAaBOHaIl. He 3Ha"lH ,n.pyro ,n.o CAa­
BaH. 3aCAy:>KHBlllH nOlllTOBaIbe "leCTHM CBOjHM CAaBHHM
n06e,n.aMa Ha,n. HenpHjaTelheM (0 "leMY CBe,n.O"lH MHOro
oCBojeHHX KpalbeBCTaBa H nOKpajHHa), Taj Cp"laHH Hapo,n.
npHnHca ce6H CAaBHO HMe HaCTaBKOM KOjH nOTH"le o,n. CAa­
96 Ba, KOjHM 3aBplllaBajy HMeHa nAeMHha H BeAHKallla, Kao
lllTO cy CTaHHCAaB, BjeHIl.eCAaB, Aa,ll.HCAaB, 1l06pOCAaB,
MUULlbelt>e Pa,ll.OCAaB, BOAeCAaB H ,n.pyra HMeHa HCTe KOHCTpYKIl.Hje.
PajHepa nOTBpl)yjy TO MHOrH 036HlhHH ayTopH, Mel)y KojHMa H Paj-
PajHelCa 0 Hep PajHeK y CBOM ,n.eAy 0 XeHeTHMa, r,n.e K8.2Ke ,n.a cy CAa-
CJtoeeHCICOM BeHH np03BaHH TaKO npeMa CAaBa, JKeAehH ce ynpaBo
UMeH.y. CAaBOM HCTaKHyTH H3Mel)y OCTaAHX Hapo,n.a. PajHepa CAe,n.H
MUULlbelt>e JepeMHja Pyc, KOjH ro,ll.HHe 1227. HanHca PyCKH AeTonHc,
JepeMUje Pyea. Te onHcyjyhH je,n.aH oKplllaj Ha PYCKHM rpaHHIl.aMa 1118,
OBHM pe"lHMa Ka3yje: Y ,n.06a Ka,ll. PycHja (K8.2Ke OH) 6ejallle
Pycu y6ujajy H3MY"leHa YHyTpalllI-bHM pa3,n.0~HMa, ,n.ol)e Ha Hallle rpa­
KpyHOCJtaea. HHue KpYHOCAaB ca CHAHOM BOJCKOM CAOBeHa. YXBaTHllle
ce OHH y KOlllTaIl. C HalllHMa H H3al)01lle H3 60ja Kao n06e,n.­
HHIl.H, HO ynpKoc TOMe KpYHOCAaB H je,n.aH I-beroB CHH H3­
ry6Hllle TaMO lKHBOT, Te HX caxpaHHllle KO,n. TBpl)aBe 3BaHe
Bojxa. Taj Hapo,n. BHllle nyTa onYCTOlllH Hallle rpaHHIl.e H
nOKa3a BeAHKY OKPYTHOCT, npeM,n.a CMO 3anpaBO MH H OHH
je,n.aH Te HCTH Hapo,n.. Hoce HMe CAaBeHH (KaKO BepyjeM H
KaKO ca3HajeM H3 ,n.peBHor npe,n.aI-ba HalllHX npe,n.aKa) 360r
MHOlllTBa n06e,n.a H CAaBHHX CBOjHX nO,n.yxBaTa. MOHax
AHMOH H JOXaH ABeHTHHyC ,n.eAe TO JepeMHjHHo MHllllheI-be,
jep He caMO ,n.a HX Ha3HBajy CAaBHHMa Hero, lllTaBHllle,
BpAO nOlllTOBaHHMa H HajMohHHjHM Mel)y Hapo,n.HMa H3.·;
ClloeeHu oPY.?K- repMaHHje. H3Mel)y OCTaAHX H MAeTa"lKH nHCaIl. BepHap,n.o
jeM 3aCJty.?Kyjy 1)YCTHHHaHH OTBopeHO npH3Haje ,n.a CAaBeHH 3aCAy:>KHllle
rna UMe. TO cBoje CAaBHO HMe opy:>KjeM. HaHMe, y 3. KI-bH3H cBoje
HCTopHje BeHeIl.Hje OBaKO nHllle: Cp"laHH CAOBeHCKH Ha­
po,n. npo,n.pe Ta,ll.a npBH nyT y HCTPY H CBe ,n.o BpaTa Be­
HeIl.Hje. Taj Hapo,n. CKHTCKora nopeKAa, y,n.06a HaBaAe Tora
H ,n.pyrHx Hapo,n.a Ha PHMCKO UapCTBo, opyJKjeM CTe"le
CAaBHO HMe. Xpa6pH Taj Hapo,n., ,n.aKAe, Tpe6a 3BaTH CAO­
BeHCKHM HMeHOM H HH je,n.HHM ,n.pyrHM, Kao lllTO cy TO
yqHHHAH H nOKa3aAH ,n.a TaKO Tpe6a "lHHHTH MHorH yqeHH
lhy,n.H, Mel)y KojHMa CBelllTeHHK XeAMOA,ll., onaT APHOA,ll.,
JoxaH BepHep, CHrHCMYH,n. Xep6eplllTajH, reoprHj Ke,n.peH,
JaH Xep6ypT, AAeKcaH,n.ap rBaI-bHH, P06epTo rBaHHO, Jo­
xaH AeYHIl.AaBHYC, rHA6epT reHe6paH,ll.e, llaBH,n. XHTpeyC H
Yro <l>yABOHHO. CBH OHH HX Y CBOjHM ,n.eAHMa He 30BY ,n.py­
rHM HMeHOM ,n.o THM HMeHOM CAOBeHH. HaKO ce TO "lHHH
182
HOBHHOM, CAaBa 3aCAy:>KeHa Opy:>KjeM H y KpBH npHpo,n.Ha
je H HaCAe,n.Ha CTBap KO,n. CAOBeHa. YOCTaAOM, 6ejaxy OHH 97
npOCAaBlheHH y A3HjH. EBponH H ACPpHIl.H, a 6ejaxy TO IIpoCJtaeJbeHu
cy y Eeponu,
BaH,ll.aAH, BypryH,n.H, rOTH, OCTPOroTH, BH3HroTH. renH,n.H, Asuju U
reTH, AAaHH, BepAH HAH XepyAH, ABapH, CKHPH, XHPH, AcjJpuyu.
MeAaHXAeHH, BaCTapHH, neBIl.H, lla"laHH, lIlBel)aHH, Hop­ Pa3He Hapoo­
MaHH, <peHH HAH <PHHIl.H, YKpH HAH YHKpaHH, MapKoMaHH, Hoemu CJtooeH­
clCozpooa.
KBa,ll.H, Tpa"laHH H I1AHPH, KOjH CBH npHrra.,n;axy HCTOM
CAOBeHCKOM HapoAY H rOBopaxy HCTHM je3HKoM. Ka,n.a y CJ!oeeHU
nO"leTKY H3al)01lle H3 3aje,n.HH"lKe HM ,n.OMOBHHe CKaH,n.HHa­ Hanywmajy
BHje, HMaxy CBH (H3Y3eB I1AHpa H Tpa"laHa) je,n.HHCTBeHo ClCaHOuHaeujy
noo UMeHOM
HMe rOTH, Kao lllTO H3BelllTaBa <ppaHIl.HCK I1peHHKYC y 3. romu.
KI-bH3H, norAaBlhY 10, r,n.e K8.2Ke ,n.a cy AHTH, 3a Koje CMO
nOKa3aAH ,n.a cy npeMa npoKonHjeBoM rrHCaI-bY rrpaBH romu npaeu
CAoBeHH, 3anpaBO rOTH, npH "leMY HaBo,n.H Kao CBe,n.OKe CJ!oeeHu.
A6Aa6Hja H Jop,n.aHeca. Y 1. KI-bH3H, norAaBlhY 42, HCTH Taj ClloeeHu
I1peHHK nHllle ,n.a o,n. rOTa nOTeKOllle CAOBeHH. AHTH, nomuliY 00
ABapH, CKHPH, AAaHH H ,n.pyrH, lllTO rroTBpl)yjy H A6Aa6Ho, roma.
Jop,n.aHec AAaH H naBeA BapHecppH,n.. npoKonHje y 1.
KI-bH3H 0 BaH,n.aAHMa, nHlllyhH 0 BapBapHMa (KaKo HX OH
30Be) KOjH y BpeMe XOHopHja HacpHyllle Ha PHMCKO romu,
UapCTBo, K8.2Ke: rOTH 6ejaxy no,n.elheHH Ha MHOro Hapo,n.a, BaHoa.nu.
o,n. KOjHX cy HeKH Hlll"le3AH. Ho HajBehH cy H HajMohHHjH BU3uzomu u
renuOu HelCao
o,n. CBHX rOTH, BaH,n.aAH. BH3HroTH H renH,ll.H. y npOlllAOCTH ceseaxy
n03HaTH rro,n. HMeHOM CapMaTH H MeAaHXAeHH. He He,n.o­ CapMamu.
CTaje HH OHHX KOjH HX 30BY reTHMa, jep pa3AH"lHTa cy HM
HMeHa, ,n.OK ce y CBeMY ,n.pyroM nOAY,n.apajy. CBeTAe cy ny­
TH, AYre nAaBe Koce, KpynHe rpal)e H yro,n.Ha H3rAe,n.a. IIowmyjy
nOTyjy HCTe 3aKOHe H CBH npHna.,n;ajy ApHjeBoM 06peAY, ucme salCOHe.
roBope HCTHM je3HKoM, KOjH ce 30Be rOTCKH, a (KaKo MH ce IIomelCowe
"lHHH) nOTeKOllle CBH o,n. je,n.Hora je,n.HHor Hapo,n.a, CaMO ceu 00 ucmOl
Hapooa.
lllTO rrOTOM CTeKOllle pa3AH"lHTa HMeHa npeMa noje,n.HHHM
CBOjHM BOj CKOBol)aMa. HHhHCPOp KaAHCT Y "leTBpToj KI-bH­
3H, nOrAaBlhY 56, 3aTHM <P. MapTHH, ayTop C8.2KeTKa PHM­ BaHoa.nu ey
CKe HCTopHje H KOHa"lHO i\yqHO <paYHO Y 8. KI-bH3H, CAe,n.e y CJ!oeeHu.
TOMe ilpoKonHjeBo MHllllheI-be. BYAYhH ,n.aKAe,n.a cy BaH,n.a­
AH npaBH rOTH, He MOJKe ce HerHpaTH ,n.a CAOBeHH HHCY
TaKol)e je,n.aH Te HCTH Hapo,n. C rOTHMa, Ka,ll. CBH npOCAaB­
lheHH nHCIl.H KaJKY ,n.a BaH,n.aAH H CAOBeHH 6ejaxy HCTH Ha­
po,n.. Mel)y THM je nHCIl.HMa H BjOH,n.O. KOjH Y 1. KI-bH3H I.
lleKa,n.e K8.2Ke: BaH,n.aAH, KOjHx HMe nOTje"le o,n. peKe BaH­
,n.aA, 6ejaxy 3aTHM np03BaHH CAOBeHH. JoxaH MarHyc y 1. BaHOa.nu ce 00
KI-bH3H nHllle ,n.a BaH,n.aAH H CAoBeHH 6ejaxy HCTH Hapo,n., CJ!OeeHa
paMUlCyjy
Te ,n.a ce He pa3AHKYjy HH no "leMY ,n.pyroM HO HMeHOM. eaMO UMeHOM.
A,n.aM BpeMeHCKH y 2. KI-bH3H UpKBeHe HCTopHje K8.2Ke ,n.a 98
CAoBeHH paHHje 6ejaxy BaH,ll.aAH. iljepcppaH"leCKO 1)aM­
6YMapH y 1. KI-bH3H nHllle: BapHecppH,n., Jop,n.aHec, MeTo,n.
IIpe06umHa
H I1peHHK Ha pa3HHM MeCTHMa TBp,n.e,n.a BaH,n.aAH BYKY H3
h.nnnOlUIITnn
183
 --
)];aBHHX BpeMeHa nOpeKAO 0)]; rOTa, HaKO 3aTHM, KaKO ce OBHMa TpH 6paTa, 0,na6paHa HSMeby Haj60lhHX H HajMon­
Mo:m:e 3aKlby<!HTH H3 HCTOPHjCKHX KfbHra, nOCTallie BeAMKH HHjax BaH)];aACKHX My:m:eBa. Bejaxy TO PyPHK, CHHaB H
HenpHjaTelhH rOTa. HaCTaBlha 3aTHM H Ka:m:e: TBp)];e Ta- Tpysop; PyPHK ,n06H Y noce,n HOBropO,n, CHHaB (CHHeyc)
npa06UmHQ Kobe )];a BaH)];aAH HaCTafl,aBaxy oHaj )];eo repMaHHje r)];e ce ce YCTOAH"IH Ha BeAOM jesepy, a TpYBOPY npHna,ll;e KHe:m:e­
60paautuma )];aHaC HaAa3e MopaBcKa, illAecKa, "4:eIlIKa, llolhcKa H Py­ BHHa llAecKoBHja ca ce,nHIliTeM y rpa)l;y CBOTIl-exy. HH
BaHOaJ!a. cHja, Kao H ceBepHe 06aAe repMaHHje H jy:m:HO CBe )];0 I1c­ lleTep ApToneyc llOMepaHaIl- He o,nBaja HH Ha KOjH Ha"IHH
Tpe H CAaBoHHje, a Kao )];OKa3 THM CBOjHM TBp)];lhaMa Ha­ BaH)l;aAe o,n CAoBeHa, Te OBaKO nHllie MHHHCTepy: KaKO
BO)];e )];a ce y CBHM cnoMeHYTHM nOKpajHHaMa roBOPH je­ peKOCMo, y Kpajy MeKAeH6ypry, )l;y:m: 06aAe Ha nOTesy o,n
)];aH Te HCTH je3HK. lloTBpbyjy TO H AA6ePT KpaHIl- y npe,ll;­ XOASaIl-Hje ,no AHBoHHje, :m:HBlhallie je)];aH je,nHHH BaH)l;aA­
roBOPY CBOjOj CacKoj (HCTOPHjH) H lleTpH CYCPPH)];H KOjH Y CKH HAM CAOBeHCKH HapO)];. YrAe)]; TaKO OS6HlhHHX H rAaCO­
BQHOaJ!U 2. KlbH3H OBaKO nHllIe: )1peBHe BaBapIl-e HCTepallie C fbH­ BHTHX nHCaIl-a )];OnyIIITa HaM ,na CA060)];HO saKlhY"IHMO Ka­
omepajy
MapI!;OMaH.e. XOBe 3eM!he MapKOMaHH, O)];HOCHO BaH)l;aAH, KOjH H )];aH­ KO rOTH, BHSHroTH, renH,QH, BaH,naAH H reTH npHna,ll;axy
)];aHaC )];p:m:e y CBOjOj BAaCTH "4:ellIK)'. "4:ecH cy. HaHMe. BaH­ je,nHHCTBeHOMY CAOBeHCKOM Hapo)l;y. Y CBPXY ,na!her nOT­
lfecu cy )];aAH, a 3601' )];peBHOr HMeHa nOKpajHHe Ha3HBajy ce Ba- Kpenlhefba Tora, HaBe2Kh.y OB)];e HeKe 0)]; pe"IH Koje ce Ha­
BQHOaJ!U. BapIl-HMa OHH KojH paHHje 6ejaxy MapKOMaHH H yonlliTe Aase y 2. KlbHSH KapAa HS BarpHeHa H y 11. KlbHSH AaIl-o­
BaH)l;aAH. Je)];HHCTBeH HM je3HK )];OKa3yje )];a ce pa,ll;H 0 je)];­ BOj, a Koje (KaKo HSBelliTaBajy HaBe,neHH ayTOpH) 6ejaxy
HOM je)];HHOM Hapo)l;y. HelliTO )];a!he y HCToj KlbH3H HaCTaB­ KopHllIneHH KO,n ,npeBHHx BaH)l;aAa.
lha H Ka:m:e: BeCTcpaAIl-H H OCTCPaAIl-H 6ejaxy BaH)];aAH, n03-
PE"4:I1*
BQHOQJ!C~je HaTH H no)]; HMeHOM BaAH, jep BaH)];aAH HeMaxy je)];HO
Hapoo HQjaehu . h
Y rep;w.QHUju. ]e,nHHO noce6HO HMe, Beu HX 3Baxy pa3HHM HMeHHMa, TO (BaH)];aACKe, CAOBeHCKe H HTaAHjaHcKe BepHo npeMa
jeCT BaH)];aAH, BeHe)];H, BeH)];H, XeHeTH, BeHeTH, BHHHTH, Op6HHHjy, *npeeoo oooam 00 npupeoueatta oe02 usoalUa)
3eM.1be CAOBeHH H KOHa"IHO BaAH. npeMa CaKCY rpaMaTHK)'cy.
sayseme 00 XeAMONfjT, EHejH CHABHjy, KpaHIl-Y, I1peHHK)', PajHeK)', Aa-
BaHOaJ!Q. 6 BaH)];aACKe CAOBeHCKe HTaAHjaHcKe npeBO)];
Il-Y H MHorHMa ,npyrHMa. lloce Ha lbHXOBa HMeHa, C 063H­
POM Ha lbHXOBY 6pOjHOCT H pa3HOAHKOCT, HHje Hy:m:HO OB,ne ruzie ruse rose py:m:e
HaBo,nHTH, jep ce MOry HanH KO)]; nOMeHYTHX ayTopa. OCHM stal stol sede CTO, ce,nHIliTe
Tora, HH je,naH 0)]; Hapo,na HaCTalbeHHX y repMaHHjH He 6e­ vuich vik perpetuo BeK,Be"IaH
llIe TaKO BeAHKH nonyT BaH)];aACKOra, KOjH IlIHpOKHM npo­ pechar pehar bicchiero nexap
CTpaHCTBHMa A3Hje, AcpPHKe H EBpone pa3acy cBoja Hace­ cachel cotol caldara KOTao
lha. Y EBponH BaH,naAH 3aY3ellIe 0)]; ceBepa npeMa jyry "IH­ culich kulich calice KaAe:m: (nexap)
TaB Kpaj KOjH ce npOTe:m:e H3Meby repMaHCKor Mopa H kamora camara camera c06a
Cpe,n03eMlha. CTora MOCKOBlhaHH, PyCH, llOlhaIl-H, "4:eCH. < klach klak calcina Kpe"I
"4:epKe3H, )1aAMaTHHI1-H, I1CTPaHH, XpBaTH, BOCaHIl-H, Byra­
baba baba ava 6a6a
pH, PallIaHH H MHorH ,npyrH, ycnpKOc pa3AMKaMa y HMeHY,
ptach ptich ucello nTHIl-a
CBH 3anpaBO npHna,ll;ajy HCTOM BaH,naACKOM Hapo)l;y. )10­ kobyla kobyla cavalla K06HAa
Ka3 je TOMe H fbHXOB je3HK, KOjH HM je CBHMa 3aje)];HW-IKH.
krug krug cerchio Kpyr
99 Ty ce saYCTaBlha CYCPPH)];HjeBa npwm. AA6epT KpaHIl-, He
lisy plisy calvo neAaB
6H AM nOKa3ao KaKO cy CAOBeHH H BaH)];aAH HCTH HapO)];,
golubo golub colombo roAy6
He sOBe ax ,npyrHM HMeHOM Hero BaH)];aAH, IlITO ce BH,QH y
klicz kgliuc chiave Klhy<! 100
lberoBoj BaH,naAHjH H CacKoj. )1oKa3 sa TO npy:m:a TaKobe
zumby zuby denti Sy6H
Pycu s60z CHrHcMYH)]; Xep6epllITajH y CBOjOj MOCKOBHjH, Ka,ll;a npH­ potokh potok torrente nOTOK
.Meoyc06Hwc nOBe,na cAe,neny sro)l;y Koja ce HaAaSH H y PyCKOM AeTonH­
kastan costagn castagno KeCTeH
pasW1.Q.')/(e~Q cy. He MoraBIliH ce HHKaKO CAO:m:HTH OKO Hs60pa HOBOI'
czysti cisti casto "IHCTH
npwcaamQjy •
6..I!acm KHe3a, PyCH nOCAallie no HaMeCHHKe y BarpHJY. BaH)];aACKH koczka macka gato Ma"IKa, KOTKa
BaHoa.na. rpa,ll; H npHna,ll;ajyny My nOKpajHHY y npOIliAOCTH Ha BeAM­ czetron cetrun cedro Il-HTpOH
KOM rAacy, KOjH cy CMellITeHH y 6AMSHHH AH6eKa H XOA­ klynoti klonuti chinare KAOHYTH
IlITHHCKor BojBO)];CTBa. BaH,naAH, y TO BpeMe BpAO MonHH, kuchas kuhac cucinaro K)'Xap,K)'Bap
a y3 TO HCTora jeSHKa, 06H"Iaja H Bepe Kao PyCH, nOCAallie safran ciafran ciafrano llIacppaH

184 l85
scarlet scarlat scarlato CKepAeT sestra sestra sorella ceCTpa
scoda scoda danno IIIKO,ll.H, IIITeTa maluasy maluasia malvasia MaABa3Hja
plamen plamen fuoco IIAaMeH dyl dil parte ,ll.HO,,ll.eO
dvuaziuo duoiestuo duoi ,ll.Boje perla perla perla rrepAa
pflaster implastar impiastaro :rm:,OCHapTO pavu paun pavone rraYH
pust pusto eremo rrycTOIII med med mele Me,ll.
brat brat fratello 6paT stati stati stare CTaTH
rabota rabota fatica pa60Ta mogu mogu posso MOry
milikno mlieko latte MAeKO, MAe'IHO stuol stuol mensa CTO(A)
okruzij kruzy interiori OKppKeHH suuynie suigna porco CBHH>a
mlady mlad giovane MA8,ll. tele tele vitello TeAe
volk vuk lupo ByK ziena zena moglie JKeHa, cyrrpyra
teta teta zia TeTa chvaly huala gloria XBaAa , CAaBa
kurvua kurva meretrice KYPBa kila kila hernia KHAa
strach strah paura CTpax zima zima freddo 3HMa
pero pero penna rrepo sledovuaty sliedouati imitare CAe,ll.HTH
dynia digna anguria ,ll.HH>a pitati pitati domandare rrHTaTH
plyge pluchia pulmone IIAyha chizipati chihati stemutare KHjaTH
pakole pachole putto ,ll.e'IaK (rroKOAeH>e) matiti mlatiti battere MAaTHTH
czerzi cetiri quattro 'IeTHpH strossati strossati far al torno cTpyraTH
piet pet cinque rreT mayti myti lavare MHTH
korzen korien radice KopjeH klatiti klatiti crollare KAaTHTH
razlog raslog ragione pa3Aor dropati darpati radere ,ll.prraTH,,ll.p06HTH
kolo kolo rota KOAO,TO'IaK pithi piti bevere rrHTH
lopata lopata pala AorraTa lagithi laiati latrare AajaTH
tma trna tenebre TaMa, yTpHyTH kriti kriti nascondere KPHTH
tepli toplo tepido TorrAH schergiti siati seminare cHjaTH
boty biecve calzette 'Iaparre,06YTH zalogi zaloghi insidie 3aAOr
grom grom tuoni rpOM kost kost osso KOCT
prosach prosiak mendico rrpocjaK tobole tobolaz borsa T060AaIl.,TOp6a
brod brod barca 6po,ll. masdra mesgra intestini Me3rpa, je3rpo
tuti tucchi pestare TyhH • < boy boy pugna 60j
chtiti htiti volere XTeTH koblanch klobuch capello KA06YK
vule voglia volonta BOlba hruscha kruscha pero KpyIIIKa
hora gora monte ropa plin pun pieno rryH
vuasate vesati ligare Be3aTH olobo olouo piombo OAOBO
svuager suak cognato IIIOrop, cBojTa lepsi liepsci piii bello AerrIIIH
loter lotar codardo KYKaBHIl.a prut prut verga rrpyT
gladkhi gladki liscio rAaTKH muy moi mio MOj
lechchy lachscij leggiero AaKH tisytz tissuchia mille THcyha, XHlb8,ll.a
levu lav leone AaB dyeliti dieliti dividere JJjeAHTH
libo gliubau amore lby6aB vuoliti volieti eleggere BOAeTH
buchvuize buchviza libro KH>Hra, 6YKBHIl.a zvuati zvati chiamare 3BaTH
101
vvedro vedro sereno Be,ll.pO tenczouuati tanczouati guidare balio TaHIl.aTH
ssilhan lihan sguercio pa3pOK zhuchar zuchar zuccaro 3axap, IIIehep
mez mac spada Ma'I mincze minza moneta HOB'IHh
mistr mestar maestro MajcTop myss mysc giro puh
mule mlin molino MAHH mucha muha mosca MYBa
186 187
 ""..,..

tanecz tanaz balio IIAec truba trubgna tromba Tpy6a

truhy truhauo malinconico ceTaH vuidieti vidieti vedere BH,ll;eTH
saumar kramar mulatiero Ma3rap vudovuecz vdovaz vedovo y,ll;OBau:
lost suietlost luce CBeTAOCT vuyno vyno vino BHHO
grob grob sepoltura rp06 vncza vncia onza yHu:a
smitti smiati ridere cMHjaTH ce desna desna destra ,ll;eCHa
vunach vnuch nipote yHyK dum dom casa ,ll;OM
gnysti gnyesdo nido rHHje3,ll;O lug lug bosco Ayr
snych snig neve cHHjer pochoy pochoy riposo nOKoj
novuy nouy novo HOBHjH navuchyer nauchyer nocchiero HaBHraTop
nagy nago nudo Har navavu novo nolo HajaM
vuoda voda acqua BO,ll;a nevuiesta neviesta sposa HeBjecTa
ztrevuicz zrevic scarpe "lepBylhe pogiti poyti abbeverare HanojHTH
dar dar dono ,ll;ap pisati pisati scriver IIHcaTH
klap hlap famiglio XAaneu: nass nasc nostro HaIII
plavuiti plauiti navigare IIAOBHTH
praczovuati prazouati attendere O,ll;rajaTH
alla prole ,ll;eu:y To cy ,ll;aKAe pe"lH ,ll;peBHHX BaH,ll;Ma, a CBe cy yje,ll;HO H
plesati plesati calcare rau:aTH CAOBeHCKe, Kao UlTO TO H jaKo ,ll;o6po cXBaTajy OHH KOjH
tlaiziti tlaCiti conculcare TAa"lHTH IIo3Hajy je3HK. CTora ce CA060,ll;HO MO}Ke pehH H 6e3 cYMlbe
plachta plato lenzuolo IIAaxTa, nAaIIIT 3aKlbyqHTH KaKo rOTH, OCTPOroTH. BH3HroTH, renH)l;H,
postdye poslye poi nOTOM reTH H BaH,ll;aAH 6ejaxy pO,ll;a H je3HKa CAOBeHCKora. YCTO,
prositi prositi dimandare npocHTH TIpoKoIIHje H3 Ue3apeje, KOjH je CY,ll;eAOBaO y BeAM3apoBHM
miziati misciati orinare MO"laTH nOXO,ll;HMa IIpOTHB rOTa H HMao npHAHKe pa3rOBapaTH ca
kada kuda coda peII CBHM THM HapO,ll;HMa, npH3Haje ,ll;a cy CBH HCTor pO,ll;a H
boditi bosti ficcare 60CTH,60,ll;e HCTor je3HKa KOjH ce, KaKO OH Ka}Ke, 30Be roTCKH. 0
schornia scorgne stivali "lH3Me nopeKAy AAaHa IIHcao je H TIeTap Kpy36ep y CBOM ,ll;eAY 0
vualiti vuagliati voltare oKpeHyTH ce CeBeplbaU:HMa; Ka}Ke TaMO ,ll;a 6ejaxy HapO,ll; BeHe,ll;CKH HAM
sedil sedlo sedia Ce,ll;MO CAOBeHCKH. MCTO TBp,ll;H H MaTHja MjexoBHTa y 1. KlbH3H,
siti siati seminare cHjaTH IIorAaBlhY 13, Ka)l;a Ka}Ke ,ll;a AAaHH, BaH,ll;aAH, CBeBH H
vuiter vietar vento BeTap EypryH,ll;H 6ejaxy HapO,ll;H H3 TIolhcKe H,ll;a roBOPHAM cy HC­
dol dol valle ,ll;OA(HHa) THM IIOlhCKHM HAH CAOBeHCKHM je3HKoM. TIOTBpbyje TO Ta­
bieda bieda infortunio 6e,ll;a Kobe H JepeMHja Pyc y CBOM AeToIIHcy. TIpeMa TIjepcPpaH­
AllaHU cy
placz plaZa piazza Tpr,IIAau: "lecKY oaM6yAaPHjy H <PPaHU:HCKY MpeHHKY, qecH IIOTeKO­ CJl.OOeHU.
kuchinie kuhinia cucina KYXHlba IIIe YIIpaBo O,ll; AAaHa, Koje KapAO H3 BarpHeHa y 2. KlbH3H
lyd gliudi popoli lhy,ll;H Ha3HBa CAOBeHCKHM HapO,ll;OM. Meby CAOBeHe ce y6pajajy
mus musc marito (KaKO H3BeIIITaBajy Kpy36ep y 1. KlbH3H H AA6epT KpaHU: y
M~
poczvuati pociuati pausare nO"lHBaTH 1. K1bH3H, norAaBlhY 22) TaKobep H BepAM. Y 3. KlbH3H Ba­ BepJl.ucy
svuanti sveti santo CBeTau: rpHeHcKH nHIIIe ,ll;a je y <PpaHKcPYPTY npoHaIIIao PYKOIIHC CJl.OOeHU.
pasti pasti pascere naCTH ayropa KOjH IIHrnyhH 0 repMaHHjH jacHo IIoKa3yje ,ll;a cy
tribuch tarbuh ventre Tp6yx BepAH CAoBeHH, a Pa)l;H ce 0 TaKO cTapoM aYTopy, Kao IIITO
103
sobota subota sabato cy60Ta ce MO}Ke 3aKlbyqHTH H3 lberoBor ,ll;eAa, ,ll;a je CBOjHM O"lHMa
opuchh opach obliquo KOC BH,ll;eO nOTOMKe BepAa. AA6epT KpaHU: y 1. K1bH3H 0 BaH­
102 ,ll;aAHjH ,ll;OKa3yje MHOIIITBOM pa3Aora KaKO XepYAM HAM
rozum razum ragion pa3yM
sechyra sechyra manarra ceKHpa BepAM 6ejaxy CAOBeHCKH nYK. CBeIIITeHHK XeAMOA,ll. OTKAa­
sediate sedieti sedere Ce,ll;eTH Iba CBaKY CYMlbY 0 TOMe, jep Meby CAOBeHe C BeHe,ll;CKOr
teneta tonoti aguati 3aCe,ll;a Mopa YBpIIITaBa H BepAe KOjH, npeMa PajHepy PajHeKY
tenchhy tanchy sottile TaHaK HaCTalbaBaxy KpajeBe y3 peKY XaABeA. HeKH HX nHCu:H

188 189
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flope1\J!O 30By XepYAHMa, HO npHTOM rpeme, jep npaBO H>HXOBO HMe 6Horpa<pHjH KapAa BeAHKor H YBpmTaBa HX Meoy CAOBeH­
u.Meka BepAa. 6ejame BepAH, mTO Ha CAOBeHCKOM je3HKY 03Ha'laBa IbyJl.e CKe HapOJl.e. OnHcyjyhH pa3He Te HapOJl.e, peJl.OBHHK BHTH­ Y 1CpaH.U UJ1.U

KHHJl. (KaO mTO ce BHJl.H y OpTeAoBoj CHHOHHMHjH) Ha3HBa Y7<:.PU

CMeAe OKpyTHe H nOHOCHTe, a TO cy CBojcTBa Koja HCTOPH­ G.l!ooeHU.

'lapH npHnHcyjy BepAHMa (BpAHMa), Kao mTO he jom 6HTH HeKe OJl. IbHX YKpHMa HAH YHKpaHHMa. KOHa'lHO H Map­
KOMaHH H KBaJI..H, npOCAaBIbeHH Jl.peBHHM HCTOpHjCKHM Map7<:.OMaH.U U

pe'leHo. ABapH, BaCTapHH, neY'laHH H <PHHll.H (KaKO KruKy Keaau CJ!oeeH­

3axapHa AHAHO H HpeHHK y 2. KIbH3H, nOrAaBIbY 39, A6pa­ 3anHCHMa, nOTeKome (npeMa AA6ep'rY KpaHIlY y 1. KH>H3H, CICU HapOa.

xaM OPTeA y CBOjOj CHHOHHMHjH H MeAaHXTOH npeMa Ta­ nOrAaBIbY 14. BaHJl.aAHje, H npeMa KOpHeAHjy Tall.HTy) OJl.
ll.HTy) 6ejaxy CAOBeHCKH Hap0Jl.H. AyTop 6Horpaq:mja <ppaH- Heno6eJl.HBOr pOJl.a CAOBeHCKora, 6y,nyhH Jl.a HX HaBeJl.eHH
u.yCKHX KPaIbeBa, OJl.HOCHO nHnHHa, KapAa BeAHKor H Ay­ ayTopH y CBaKOM cAyqajy Ha3HBajy BaHJl.aAHMa. qHHH TO
Aaapu cy
Jl.OBHKa, OTBopeHO KalKe Jl.a ABapH H CAOBeHH 6ejaxy jeJl.aH TaKooe H JepeMHja Pyc y MOCKOBCKOM AeTonHCY, rJl.e TBP­
CAoeeku.
Te HCTH HapOJl., a TOM ayT0py, KaAyoepy 6eHeJl.HKTHHIlY Jl.H Jl.a cy MapKOMaHH npaBH CAOBeHH. Y nOTBp,ny Tora
(npeMa 0pTeAY) KOjH je 2KHBeO y BpeMe KpaIba AYJl.OBHKa H CBor YBepeIba YBpmhyje y CBOj AeTOnHC U:HTaT 3a KOjH Ka­
Aaapu U
6HO My npHcaH npHjaTeIb, BaIba BepOBaTH, jep y IberoBo 2Ke Jl.a ra je npOHamao YKAeCaR y KaMeHY y 3eMIbH MapKO­
Byzapu 3eax.y
MaRa, y BpeMe KaJI..a je 6HO y npaTIbH nOKAHcapa
ceoza 7<:.pa.Jba

Jl.o6a 6ejame jom YBeK ABapa. CBora KpaIba OHH 3Baxy

Xa7<:.ak.
XaKaH HAM KoraH, 6am Kao H ByrapH CAOBeHH. JaH ,lly­ KHe3a MocKoBHje nOCAaTor 6e'lKOM u:apy. Taj ll.HTaT rAaCH
6PaBCKH y6paja CKHpe H XHpe TaKooe Meoy CAOBeHe, Te OBaKO:
ClCUpU U Xupu

cy G.l!oaekU.
OBaKO nHme 0 IbHMa y 1. KH:.H3H: CapMaTHja, Koja ce (npe­
Ma nTOAeMejy) Ha HCTOKY rpaHH'lH C MO'lBapOM MeOTHJl. H
trr.~ ovr.rr VlCll)?>TS3t( ?J..,~r/JJBtt!"B~~:
SGODlh ~VlCO.v:vrli NASS "",4IK(}M~r-'."l
C TaHOM, Ha 3anaJI..Y C BHCAOM, Ha ceBepy ca CapMaTCKHM
MopeM, a Ha jyry C KapnaTCKHM ropaMa, 6eme HeKaJI..
TE. stlllPNOY, t1'TOr; 1J!)TA:I(IISG,4 .·.M471N.....·
3ajeJl.HH'lKa Jl.OMOBHHa CBHX HapOJl.a Koje ce Jl.aHaC Ha3HBa
",tAN P1WT8E. NI SLr.4VNOI1I ,.".; ST.JR ,'. 70l(;lJt1; .n.~
CAOBeHHMa, a KojHMa 6ejaxy Jl.aBaH pa3AH'lHTa HMeHa. L.1THrvYJA....A. .~
HeKe OJl. IbHX Ha3Bame XHpHMa, Jl.pyre CKHpHMa. CHp6HMa HHKO He M02Ke pehH Jl.a pe'lH H3 U:HTaTa HHCY CBe Jl.O jeJl.He
P.peeH.a npe-
H BeHeJl.HMa. nOTBpoyje TO H BarpHeHCKH y 1. KIbH3H, rJl.e CAOBeHCKe, 6y,nyhH Jl.a CAOBeHH rOTOBO Ha HCTH Ha'lHH H3­
6uaJtuw.ma
KalKe Jl.a CKHPH H XHpH 6exy BeHeJl.H HAH CAOBeHH. nHCll.H rOBapajy HaBeJl.eHe pe'lH, Kao mTO ce BHJl.H OBJl.e:
ClCUpa U Xupa. yonmTe Jl.eAe MHmIbeIbe Jl.a OBH HapOJl.H y npomAOCTH Ha­

CTaH:.aBaxy llaKHjy noll. HMeHOM j:{a'laHH H Jl.a npe npOBaAe

STINA OVVA - VKLO'WNA lUU£G IESTMl$.A
Y MOAaaeUju. u XYHa (KaKO nHme BOH<pHHH y 1. j:{eKaJI..H, KlbH3H npBoj)
$CODE lCRVKOVYE,NASMAJ\KOMAN IBllAf'! 1
BAaw.7<:.oj ce 2KHBIbaxy Y THM KpajeBHMa 3ajeJl.HO C PHMIbaHHMa, a cno­
TI:E SLAVNOVIEftl, LITAOOYA NAseita .',
aakaC y CJ!y:JfC- MeH Ha TO Ca'lyBao ce y j:{aKHjH CBe Jl.O Jl.aHac. HaHMe y
105
6eku.M cnucu- MOAJl.aBHjH H y BAamKoj, 'lHjH npOCTOpH 'lHHe Jl.peBHY

IAAt(g;OMAN PROm£. NISL4YNi ."'. STINA·.

Ma 7<:.Opucmu l l '
CJ!ooeH.CICU aKHjy, y CAy2K6 eHHM
ce cnHCHMa H y CAY2K6H B02KjOj .. He
je3U7<:.. KOPHCTH Jl.pyrH je3HK HH Jl.pyro nHCMO OCHM CAOBeHCKora.
104 MOAJl.aBll.H cy no CBojCTBHMa CBora roBopa 6AH2KH PyCHMa
HAH MOCKOBIbaHHMa. Jl.OK ce BAacH BHme nOBOJl.e 3a Pa­
llieeOaH.u Hop- .
MakU u Byzapu maHHMa. lliBeoaHH HAM CBeBH, mTO je HCTO, Te HOPMaHH
cy G.l!oaekU. H ByrapH (KaKO nHmy 1)aM6YAapH, neTap Kpy36ep H
<PpaHll.HCK HpeHHKYC y 1. KlbH3H) CAOBeHCKH cy HapOJl.H, a
1)aM6yAaPH y 1. KH>H3H OBaKO rOBopH 0 H:.HMa: rpaHHll.e
~~u~
MakU nomut.ty mHpoKHX npocTpaHCTaBa C ' BHme cy HO
KaHJl.HHaBHje
00 lliaeOaH.a.. jeJl.HOM npemAe HeH3MepHe BojcKe H 6e36pojHa MHomTBa
AAaHa, CAoBeHa, KojHMa npHnaJI..ajy qecH H nOIball.H, Kao H
HopMaH.u cy lliBeoaHa, KOjH cy HaM Jl.aAH HopMaHe H Byrape. BOA<praHr
nomOM~u
Map7<:.OMarta. Aall. nHme Jl.a cy HopMaHH nOTOMll.H MapKOMaHa, Jl.OK
HopMaHCKHM HMeHOM CHre6ePT H3 )KaM6Aya, AjHxapJl. H
Jl.pyrH OHJl.amIbH nHCll.H Ha3HBajy, Meoy OCTaAHMa, TaKooe
H Pyce, KaO mTO, HaKOH Aall.a, KalKe A6paxaM OpTeA y
CBOjOj llaHcKoj: YHKpaHe cnOMHIbe peJl.OBHHK AjHxapJl. y
190
'OICOI .·.LlTHVVIKA. AJtakU cy
CAOOeH.U.
Y npeBO,ny TO 3ByqH OBaKO: OBaj je KaMeH nOCTaBIbeH y
3HaK MHpa H3 KpaKOBa Hac MapKOMaHa H 6pahe CAOBeHa,
HaKOH roJl.HHa paTOBaIba Hamera .. HeK' MapKOMaH npooe,
HH CAOBeH .. KaMeH .. nOKoj .. Y BHjeKe BjeKOBa. M02Ke ce
BepAucy
CTora 'lBPCTO BepOBaTH H C npaBOM YCTBpJl.HTH Jl.a MapKO­ CAooeHu.
MaHH 6ejaxy CAOBeHH, jep ce Jl.peBHHM jeJl.HHCTBOM je3HKa
06HAHO Jl.OKa3yje jeJl.HHCTBO Hall.Hje, a IbYJl.HMa HCTe HapOJl.­
HOCTH CMaTpaMO OHe KojHMa je OJl. caMora nO'leTKa 3ajeJl.HO
C Maj'lHHHM MAeKOM Jl.OJl.eIbeH Jl.ap Meoyco6Hora je3H'lHOr
onmTeIba. OCHM yrAeJl.HHM HaBOJl.HMa TOAHKHX yqeHHx
IbYJl.H H npOCAaBIbeHHX nHCall.a, KojHMa CMO nOKa3aAH Jl.a
cy CBH nOMeHYTH HapOJl.H npHnaJI..aAH CAOBeHcKoj Hall.HjH,
HCTO ce TO M02Ke Jl.OKa3aTH H npoyqaBaIbeM HMeHa HCTHX
THX IbYJl.H, Koja ce 'lHTajy KOJl. ayTopa Jl.eAa 0 rOTHMa H 0
Jl.pyrHM ceBepHHM HapOJl.HMa. MHCAHMO Ha HMeHa Kao mTO
cy ByjJl.HMHP, BaAaMHp, CH2KHMHP, TeOJl.OMHp, <PPHI'HMHP,
191
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AUtma UMeHa CBeBAa,zJ; liAH, KaKO ,n:pyrH HCKpHBlbeHO K8.)K}'. CHCBaA,n:,
L(apCTBO. Tpe6eAHje ITOAHOH, HaHMe, peqe ,n:a CKHTH 6ejaxy
KOO HaeeOeHUX 3aTHM CeAHMHp, feAMHp, Pa,zJ;araCT HAH Pa,n:ara3Hje, PaxH­
,n:eo Hapo,n:a roTCKor. OHaj ,n:eo TOr Hapo,n:a, KOjH KpeHY y
HapooajacHo MHP, PajMHp H CaHKO, O,n: KOjHX je,n:aH (rrpeMa 110lboHHjy)
JKy y na.'I{on
cy CllOl3eH-CICa..BAa,zJ;ame y 1 rraHHJH
1 1 ' OKO 823 , a ,n:pyrH OKO 1064 . ro,n:HHe.
Ty cy rrOTOM CmKHcMHp, ByjcyMap, BHTHlna, MH3HCAaB
HAH MHcAaB. OToKap, BmKHcAaB, CHHI,IH6aH, ITpe,n:HMHp H
06pa,n:. CBa cy Ta HMeHa Herr06HTHo CAOBeHCKa. Y cAaBY H
,n:HKy H>HXOBY, Balba jOlli TOMe rrpH,n:o,n:aTH, ,n:a He caMO
MYIllKapL(H, Hero H )KeHe H>HXOBe CTeKOllle op~jeM 6e­
CMp'rHO HMe, yrrpaBo rrorryT AMa30HKH. OBe rrOCAe,n:H>e (Ka­
KO H3BelliTaBajy ITeTap Kpy36ep y 1. KH>H3H H I1BaH fo­
porrHyc y 8. KH>H3H 0 AMa30HKaMa) 6ejaxy )KeHe capMaT­
CKHX CAoBeHa. HaKoH lliTO CMO yrr03HaAH pa3He CAOBeHCKe
Hapo,n:e, ca,n: heMo ce rr03a6aBHTH rrOpeKAOM H ycrrecHMa
H>HXOBHM, rrOqeBlliH o,n: CAoBeHa fOTa. Y ,n:peBHoj rrpOlli­
llooyxeamu
CJlOl3eH-a roma. AOCTH, qaK H rrpe HO lliTO ce rrpOHeo rAac 0 CAaBH H HMeHY
PHMCKOM, fOTH Y He,n:OCTaTKy ,n:pyrHx HerrpHjaTelba CTy­
rrHllie y Mel}yc06He oKplliaje. ITo H3AacKy H3 CKaH,n:HHa­
BHje, rrpB06HTHe cBoje ,n:OMOBHHe, Hajrrpe 3apaTHllie C YA­
MepyrHMa, Te HaKOH lliTO HX rrpOTepallie H3 H>HXOBHX rrpe­
6HBaAHlliTa, 3aY3ellie Ty 3eMlbY 3a BpeMe BAa,zJ;aBHHe Kpalba
Bepnxa. ITOTOM ce C KpalbeM <PHAHMHPOM 3arryTHllie y
106 CKHTCKy 3BaHY OBHH, KaKO H3BelllTaBa Jop,n:aHec. 3ayc­
romu ce TaBHllle ce 3aTHM y 3eMlbaMa Hapo,n:a CrraAH, Te ce HaKOH
pa30eajajy rr06e,n:e Ha,n: H>HMa, rrpeMa A6Aa6HjeBHM HaBo,n:HMa, Mel}y­
Mer>sCOOH-o.
co6 HO pa3,n:eAHllie. ,u,eo
TT •
H>HX rro,llJapMH E rHrraT, lliTO crro-
lloojapMe MHH>e H Xepo,n:oT H3 XaAHKapHaCa; ,n:pyrH ce ,n:eo 3arryTH y
Ezunam.
cMepy HCTOKa rro,n: BO,n:CTBOM AMaAa, ,n:OK HeKH KpeHYllie
. Ha 3arra,zJ; Bo,n:eHH BaATXOM. OHH KOjH KpeHYllie Ha HCTOK
c~c;::t;y. rrporepallie CKHTe H ,n:a,zJ;ollle HM HOBe KpalbeBe. Kpalb H>H­
XOB Becoc, o,n: ,n:pyrHx 3BaH Becop, 06jaBH paT erHrraTCKOM
KpalbY BeTopHKCY H rr06Hje,n:H ra, Kao lliTO ce qHTa KO.A<
Jop,n:aHeca, JYCTHHa, Tpora, BOHHcpaL(Hja CHMoHeTHja H
G.l!OI3eH-CKa
KpaJbUl,Sa
,n:pyrnx. HaCAe,n:H ra KpalbHL(a TOMHpa, Koja paTOBaH>HMa
TOMupa. H3MYQH rrep3HjcKora Kpalba KcepKca. HaKOH Tora ce Ma­
Ke,n:OHCKH Kpalb <PHAHrr 3,n:p~H 6PaKOM C fOTHAOM, KhepH
Ao Kaoa ce CKHTCKora Kpalba, a H>eroB CHH AAeKCaH,n:ap HM 3a,zJ;aBame
romu3eaxy
ClCUmUMa. BeAHKe MYKe, HO Meoyc06HO o,n:MepHBlliH CHare, CKAOrrHllie
MHP, KaO lliTO ce BH,n:H KO,n: CTpa60Ha y 7. KH>H3H, KO,n:
ApHjaHa HHKoMe,n:HjcKor y 4. KH>H3H H KO,n: OToHa <PPH­
)KaHHHa, rrpeM,n:a ce KBHHT KYPL(Hje ,n:OHeKAe pa3HAa3H y
MHllllbeH>Y C OCTaAHMa. IToCTaBlliH rrepcHjcKH Kpalb, 11a­
pHje Y3e 3a )KeHY KhH CKHTCKor Kpalba AHTpHperHpa. 110
Tor BpeMeHa fOTe Ha3HBaxy CKHTHMa, Kao lliTO jacHo rro­
Ka3yjy 11HOH, CKOAaCTHK H3 CMHpHe, AraTHja, Jop,n:aHec H
,n:pyrH. He 6ejallie HM TO HMe Ha,zJ;eHYTo 3aTO lliTO 6H BYKAH
rropeKAo o,n: CKHTa, KaKO Bepyjy HeKH I1TaAHjaHH, Beh
CTora lliTO 6ejaxy rrpOTepaAH CKHTe H 3aIIOCeAH H>HXOBO
192
rroxo,n: Ha 3arra,zJ;, OIIlbaqKa fpqKy, rrpeceAH ce y A3Hjy H romu npucmu­
rrpHTeKHy y rroMoh TpojaHL(HMa. KaKO rrHllie 11HoH fPK, TpojaH-l,SUMa.
HMeHa cy H>HXOBHX KpalbeBa EypHrrHA H TeAecp, y6HL(a Ka­
caH,n:pHH KojeM AxHA o.ny3e op~je. KacHHje, 3a BpeMe BAa
,n:aBHHe Ue3apa AyrycTa, Y3,n:HrHY ce Meoy feTHMa Kpalb
Bype6HCTa. Y HCTO TO BpeMe EAHje KaTOH rrOBe,n:e C OHe
CTpaHe ,llyHaBa rre,n:eCeT XHlba,zJ;a feTa, KaKO 6H ce HaCTa­
HHAH y TpaKHjH. Ho Kpalb H>HXOB, MaAO rrpHMeHOM CHAe,
MaAO Tpe3BeHolllhy H 3aKOHO,n:aBCTBOM, 3a,n:06H BAaCT Ha,n:
rrpOCTpaHHM L(apCTBOM H rrOKopH MHore cyce,n:He Hapo,n:e. IIJbat{lCajy
C BeAHKOM CMeAolllhy rrpera3H I1CTap H OIIlbaqKa TpaKHjy, TpalCUjy,
MaKe,n:OHHjy H I1AHpHK. Bejallie CTpax H TperreT PnMlbaHa MaICeoOliUjy u
H o,n:Hece HeH3MepaH IIAeH OTeT cyce,n:HHM faAHMa, Tpa­ I1AupUlc.
qaHHMa H l1AHpHMa. ITPOY3pOKOBa TaKol}e rrOTrryHy rrpo­
rraCT BaBapaL(a rro,n:aHHKa KpHTa3Hja, Kao H TeypHCKa.
AyryCT CTora 6H rrpHCHlbeH rrOCAaTH Ha H>era BOjCKy o,n:
rre,n:eceT XHlba,n:a 6opaL(a, KaKO rrpHqa CTpa60H y 7. KH>H3H
107
cBoje feorpacpHje. fOTOBO HCToBpeMeHo BAa,n:allle roTCKH
Kpalb 11poMaxeT, KOjH ce Ha I1CTPY YXBaTH y KOIllTaL( C
KpalbeM AH3HMaxOM H 3apo6H ra )KHBOr, Kao IllTO ce qHTa
KO,n: KaMrraHe y PereHc6YPlllKoj rrpHrroBecTH, KO,n: CTpa­
60Ha y 7. KH>H3H H KO,n: llAYTapxa y H>eroBHM 113peKaMa H y
H>eroBoj 6HorpacpHjH. OBHM peqHMa rrpHrrOBe,n:a TO ITAY­
Tapx: OKPYTHH BapBapCKH BojBo,n:a 11poMaxeT, He.nyro rro­
lliTO 6ejame 3apo6Ho AH3HMaxa, BeAHKo.nyIllHO ra rryCTH
Ha cAo6o.ny. ITaBAe Opo3Hje y 3. KH>H3H Ha3HBa 11poMaxeTa
KpalbeM TpaKHje H orrHcyje H>eroBY HCToPHjy, lliTO qHHe H
THT AHBHje, EBTporrHje, Ey3e6Hje H ,n:pyrH. CTpa60H H Jop­
,n:aHec K8.)K}', Mel}YTHM, ,n:a 6ejallie feT [fOTj, lliTO je Bepo­
BaTHHje. OHH rraK KOjH My rrpHrrHcyjy BAaCT Ha,zJ; TpaKHjoM
)KeAe H3BeCTH 3aKlbyqaK ,n:a je TpaKHja 6HAa yseK rro,n:
feTHMa, Te K8.)K}' ,n:a ce y TpaKHjH jOlli YBeK HaAa3H MeCTO
3BaHO AH3HMaxHja, Koje ,n:06H TO HMe rro CrrOMeHYToj 6HL(H,
a roBope 0 TOMe H ITAHHHje y 4. KH>H3H, CTecpaH BH3aHTH­
HaL( H ITToAeMej. fOTH paTOBaxy qeCTO H C MaKe,n:OHL(HMa.
CaceKOllle TaKO CorrHpHOHa, HaMeCHHKa AAeKcaH,n:pa Be­
CaceICY AAeIC­
AHKor, C TpH,n:eceT XHlba,n:a 60paL(a, a HelliTO rrpe Tora cy
caHOpoeoz
CaBAa,zJ;aAH H Kpalba <PHAHrra, KaKO Ka)Ke JyCTHH y 27. HaMeCH-UICa
KH>H3H, r,n:e HX Ha3HBa CKHTHMa, HaKO Jop,n:aHec H ,n:pyrH ConupuoH-a.
rrpHrrHcyjy Taj rro,n:yxBaT fOTHMa, Koje y ,n:aBHHHH YBPIll­
TaBaxy Meoy CKHTe. AAeKcaH,n:ap BeAHKH He rrpe3pe MHp C
feTHMa, HHTH ra OHH o,n:6Hllle CKAOrrHTH C AAeKcaH,n:pOM,
KaKO H3BelliTaBajy CTpa6oH, ApHjaH, ITToAeMej ,n:e Aaro H
KaMrraHa. YcrrpKOC TOMe, JyCTHH rrHllie ,n:a feTH 6ejaxy yc­
rrelliHO CBAa,zJ;aHH o,n: AAeKCaH,n:pa, rrpeM,n:a TO He rroTBpl}yje
HH je,n:aH ,n:pyrH rrHCaL( HCTopHje fOTa. Bejaxy MeOYTHM
193
 I
caBAa"n;aHH (KaRO rrpWfa BjOH,n:O y 1. KlbH3H 0 rrporracTH
PHMcKor UapcTBa) o,n: AYKYAa, IllTO He crrOMHlbY HH MeTO,n:
HH Jop,n:aHec. Ka"n; fOTH KacHHje rrOKYIllaIlle rrpetm l1cTap,
Crrpe'IH HX Y TOMe ArpHrra, Kao IllTO ce BH,n:H KO,n: AraTHje H
KO,n: MeTo,n:a. 3a BpeMe BAa,n:aBHHe ABryCTa fOTH YHHIll­
THIlle CBe rroKpajHHe rro,n:aHHKe PHMCKor UapCTBa, Ha IllTO
Y 1. KlDH3H EKC OOHTO YKa3yje OBH,n:Hje Ha30H, KOjH je Y
TO ,n:06a :>KHBeO 3eMlhH feTa, Ka,n:a Ka:>Ke:
HajBetm ,n:eo lhy,n:CKora po,n:a, PHMe,
108 He xaje 3a Te H TBOjy Aerrory, a 0PY:>Kja
AY30HHjeBHX o,n:pe,n:a ce He 60jH.
Xpa6pOCT My YAHBajy AyK H rryH T060Aau:.
Kao H y EAerHjH l1X. rrOCBeneHoj CeBepHjy:
Ha 3eMlhH orpejaHoj CyHu:eM HeMa Hapo,n:a
OKpYTHHjer o,n: fOTa: CTpeAe cy lbHXOBe
CMPTOHOCHHM OTPOBOM HaTorrlheHe.
Y HCTO ,n:06a feTH oCBojHIlle MHore pHMcKe rpa"n;oBe H
Hacelha, 0 'IeMY OBH,n:Hje Ha HCTOM MecTY rOBopH y CAe,n:e­
nHM CTHXOBHMa:
CTOjH ,n:peBHH rpa"n; y3 peKY l1cTap
CTO ,n:Ba HMeHa HOCH; rrOAO:>Kaj H 3H,n:HHe
fpa"n;cKe je,n:Ba ,n:a ,n:ajy rrpHcTyrra.
KacrrHje ErejcKH (aKo je BepoBaTH
OHOMe KO 0 ce6H TBp,n:H) H3rpa"n;H ra,
H ,n:a"n;e CBor HMeHa ,n:eAy HMe.
Y 60jy HeHa,n:aHOM OKpyTHH ra feT
3aY3e, rr06e,n:H O,n:PHCH H Ha Kpalba
Y pary rro,n:HrHY rp030BHTO oPY:>Kje.
y 40Mu/JujaHo- 11 Y ,lloMHU:HjaHoBo ,n:06a fOTH y 'IHTaBOM PHMCKOM'
eo o06a L(UHe UapcTBY 'IHHHIlle CTpaIllHe rrOKOlhe. BjOH,n:O Ka:>Ke ,n:a Kop-
cmpaU.lHe HeAHje TaU:HT He HarrHca CBOjy l1CTOpHjy caMO ,n:a He 6H
~~ICOJbe. Mopao rrpH3HaTH KOAHKO je PHMlhaHa rrorHHYAO o,n: rOTCKe
.u.apeeu
£acujaH U PYKe. HaROH Tora BacHjaH H KapaKaAa (KaKO ce 'IHTa KO,n:
KapalCCUla cPAaBHja H KO,n: MeTo,n:a) rrpeTprreIlle BeAHKe IllTeTe y paTy C
npempne fOTHMa. TpenH rOTCKH orpaHaK, KOjH ,n:OTa"n; 6ejaIlle OCTao
ee.J!ulCe., Ha OCTPBY YAMepyra, rrpH,n:py:>KH ce OCTaAHM fOTHMa, Te
wmeme Ou
roma.. 3aY3eIlle (Ka:>Ke MeTO,n:) H OaHoHHjy. Ta"n;a KHe3 lbHXOB CH-
TaAK Y rrpaTlbH CTO rre,n:eceT XHlha"n;a lhy,n:H KpeHy y paTHH
Hanao roma rroxo,n: Ha ATHHY, HO CXBaTHBBIllH y 60jy KOAHKa je CHara
Ha AmuHY· PHMlhaHa, CKAOrrH C lDHMa MHp. OCTaIlle y MHpy CBe ,n:o
BpeMeHa ,lloMHU:HjaHa, KOjH rrpBH OKpeHY ,n:pyro JaHYCOBO
AHu:e. Ta"n;a fOTH, Ka:>Ke Jop,n:aHec, rroryKoIlle PHMCKY BOj­
romu y6ujajy CKY rro,n: BOOCTBOM OOMrreja Ca6HHa ArpHrre, y6HIlle ca-
IToMneja. Mora OOMrreja H 0,n:py6HIlle MY rAaBy. fOTH ce HaKOH Tora
194
rro,n:eAHIlle Ha ,n:Ba ,n:eAa, o,n: KOjHX je,n:HH 3aY3eIlle Me3Hjy H LI.ap MalCcu­
TpaKHjy, a H3 lDHXOBa ce po,n:a C O'IHHCKe cTpaHe PO,n:H u:ap MUH 6ejawe
MaKcHMHH, Kao IllTO CBe,n:O'Ie rp'IKH rrHcau: CHMax, Te rom, na oa1Ul.e
C/toeeH.
JYAHje KarrHTOAHjcKH H Jop,n:aHec. ,llpyrH ,n:eo fOTa YCTa Ha 109
oPY:>Kje rrpoTHB pHMcKor u:apa cPHAHrra, KOjH caM 6ejaIlle
KpHBau: TOMe. HaHMe, YCKpaTH HM IIAaTY KOjy HM 6ejaIlle
,n:aBao, Te HX TaKO H3a3Ba rrpOTHB ce6e H yoe C lDHMa y
romU y6ujy
paT. OOCAa y 60j ceHaTopa ,lleU:Hja, KOjH TaMO H3ry6H ceHamopa
:>KHBOT 3aje,n:HO ca CBOjHM CHHOM H C TpH,n:eceT XHlha"n;a 4el.Juja.
60pau:a, HaKOH 'Iera fOTH 3aY3eIlle Me3Hjy. 0 TOM ,lleU:H­
jeBoM rropa3y H CMpTH CBe,n:O'IH OATap rrOCBeneH lDeMY y
Me3HjH. Taj paT crrOMHlDY Ca6eAHKO, BjOH,n:O, Jop,n:aHec,
Op03Hje, fOTcpPH,n: H ,n:pyrH, HO OOMrroHHje BpAO orrIllHpHO
rrperrpH'IaBa ,n:oraoaje H rroKa3yje KaKO OTau: H CHH Ha­
MepHO 6e3rAaBO jypHYIlle y :>KelhH ,n:a ce rrorryT CBOjHX
rrpe,n:aKa :>KPTByjy 60roBHMa 3a 6y.n:yny rr06e.n:y. Ey3e6Hje H
Ca6eAHKO y 7. KlbH3H Ka:>KY ,n:a Ta ,n:BojHu:a rrorHHYIlle romU nJbaL(­
3aje,n:Ho y paTy rrpoTHB fOTa. A TH fOTH 3a BpeMe BAa"n;a­ lCajy A3ujy,
llpHoMopje,
BHHe pHMcKora u:apa fop,n:HjaHa Orrlha'IKaIlle A3Hjy, UPHO­
MalCeooHujy U
Mopje, MaKe,n:oHHjy H fp'IKY, KaKO rroKa3yjy BjOH,n:O, Ey­ rpL(ICY·
3e6Hje, EBTporrHje H Ca6eAHKo. Tpe6eAHje OOAHOH orrIllHp­
HO rrpHrroBe,n:a 0 Ta,n:aIlllDHM 36HBalDHMa H rrpoTHBH ce
EY3e6HjeBoM MHIlllhelDY, jep Ka:>Ke ,n:a Ta"n;a rrorH6e u:apeB
CHH MaKpHH. O,n: faAHjeHa BAaCT Ha"n; u:aPCTBOM HaCAe,n:H
OOCTYM, a fOTH 3arocrro,n:apHIlle TpaKHjoM, rroxapaIlle Ma­
Ke,n:oHHjy H HaHeIlle IllTeTe H y TeCaAHjH. HaKoH Tora
rrpoKpcTapHIlle A3HjOM H 3THM, KaKO Ka:>Ke Tpe6eAHje, rro­
Be,n:OIlle 60j 3a ecpeIllKH xpaM 60rHlDe ,llHjaHe. Y TO ,n:06a ce
rrpeCTOHHu:a BH3aHT (rrpeMa H3BeIllTajHMa Tpe6eAHjeBHM,
Ca6eAHKOBHM H BjOH,n:OBHM) CHAHO HarraTH. OpeIIAOBHBIllH
3aTHM rroTajHo 6po,n:OBHMa BeAHKO Mope, fOTH YOOIlle y
YIllne l1cTpa, r,n:e H3HeHa"n;a HaBaAHIlle Ha TaMOIlllDe
CTaHOBHHIllTBO H rrO'IHHHIlle MHore rrOKOlhe. fAaBeIllHHe
BH3aHTa (KOHCTaHTHHorrOlha) KAeoKaH H ATeHej ,n:OHeKAe
HX 06Y3,n:aIlle, HO HrraR rra,n:e y 60jy HaMeCHHK BeHepHjaH.
Qceajajy
Y30XOAHBIllH ce, fOTH HacpHyIlle Ha KH3HK H OCBojHIlle MHoza Mecma.
A3Hjy C 'IHTaBOM fp'IKOM. OrrIllHpHO je 0 TOMe rrHcao OHO­
BpeMeHH rp'IKH ayTop ,lleKcHrr, KOjH Ka:>Ke ,n:a fOTH rroxa­
paIlle H ErrHp, XeMoHHjy H BeOU:Hjy. HerrpHjaTelhH u:apa
,llHOKAeU:HjaHa 6ejaxy roTCKH KpalbeBH fyHTePHK H Apra­
HK, KaKO rrHIlle Jop,n:aHec. TH KpalbeBH, rroryKaBIllH PHM­
lhaHe H OTeBIllH HM IllaTope, OCBojHIlle rpa"n; MapU:HjaHorroA
y Me3HjH, KaKO HaAa3HMO KO,n: BjoH,n:a H KO,n: OOMrroHHja
AeTa. BOAYCHjaH HaKOH Tora CKAOrrH MHp C rOTCKHM
KpalbeBHMa, a HaCAe,n:H ra faAHjeH, 3a BpeMe 'IHje ce BAa­ 110
,n:aBHHe pHMCKa perry6AHKa (HMrrepHja) CHARO HarraTH, jep
fOTH rro,n: BOOCTBOM TpOjHu:e BojcKoBooa, BeH,n:HKOHa, Ty­
pOHa H BapOHa, xapajynH A3HjOM, XeAecrrOHTOM, EcpecoM,
195

Tomu YIiUUlme BHTHHHjOM H KaAI.J,e,n:OHHjoM, YHHrnTHrne rpa,n: Amrnj8A Ha
ropH XeMoc, a crrOMHlbY TO Ca6eAHKO, BjOH,n:O H ,n:pyrH. Y
HCTOM ce pa3,n:06lby fOTH (rrpeMa CBe,n:O'feIbY TIoMrroHHja
i\eTa) CBH 3aje,n:HO 3aBepHrne rrpOTHB PHMCKor UapCTBa.
TO TaKol)e H OOBaHHH K8A<pYPHHO, EAHje
Kop,n:, ,lleKcHrr H ApHjaH C ,n:pyrHMa, a HapO'fHTO Tpe6eAHje
TIOAHOH y MapHaHY, r,n:e KruKe ,n:a Axaja, TpaKHja,
BeAweu nOKOJb MaKe,n:OHHja H Tec8AHja 6ejexy YHHrnTeHe, a ,n:a y BH3aHTY
y BU3alimy. (KOHCTaHTHHorrOlbY) 6erne y6HjeHo TOAHKO lbY,n:H, ,n:a ce He
MO)Ke HanH HHKO o,n: ,n:peBHor po,n:a, jep HHKO HHje H3Heo
. )KHBY rAaBY, OCHM OHHX KOjH ce CAY'fajHo He 3aTeKorne KO,n:
MaKCl.I.MUJan b. • •
6eUle npau l.,lap Kylle. BH,n:eBrnH TO, MaKCH~HJaH ce OMY':IH 3a MHP, pa,n:HJe
KOju 3aap6oaa
Hero 3a paT C InHMa, Te 6eJarne rrpBH KOJH 3aBp6oBa fOTe.
Tome.
Y TO BpeMe Kpalb fOTa 6ejarne fH6epHK, KOjH (KaKO TBp,n:H
Jop,n:aHec) rro,Z.JjapMH CKHTe, TYH,n:e, By6eHreTe, BaCMa­
6pOHTe H Ka,n:e. 3a BpeMe BAa,n:aBHHe pHMCKOra u,apa KAa­
y,n:Hja rra,n:e y 60jy TpHCTa ,n:Ba,n:eceT XHlba,n:a fOTa, a ,n:Be
XHlba,n:e 6po,n:oBa 6H rrOTOlIlbeHO, Kao rnTO ce BH,n:H KO,n:
Tpe6eAHja H y TIoMlIoHHja i\eTa H3 KAay,n:HjeBHX lIOCAaHH­
u,a CeHaTY, Te Kao IllTO je jacHo TaKol)ep H3 lIoCAaHHu,e
HaMeCHHK}" HAHpHKa JYHHjy rro KOjOj ce 3aKlbY'fyje
,n:a ce KAay,n:Hje 6eIlle cYKo6HO C fOTHMa y TeCaAHjH H
llaKHjH, y Me3HjH Kpaj Mapu,HjaHOrrOAa H y OKOAHHH BH­
Tomu cnaAe
3aHTa (KoHcTaHTHHOlIOlba), Kao H ,n:a fOTH OrIneM H Ma'feM
ocmpea
KaliiJujy U
6exy yHHIllTHAH OCTpBa KaH,n:Hjy [KpHT] H KHlIap, ,n:a 6H HX
Kunap.
KAay,n:Hje Ha Kpajy CBAa,n:ao. Kao ClIOMeH Ha TaKO 3Ha­
MeHHTY lIO 6eJIY , CeHaT H8AO)KH ,n:a ce y KAay,n:HjeBY '"IaCT y
CeHaTY lIOCTaBH 3AaTHH IllTHT, a lIpe,n: xpaMOM Ha
KalIHToAY 3AaTHa cTaTya. 'llHT8Aal1, lIO TOMe MO)Ke BH,n:eTH
KOAHKa je ~IaCT YKa3aHa H KaKBa je Harpa,n:a ,n:o,n:elbeHa
OHOMe KO 6eIlle caBAa,n:ao CAOBeHCKH Hapo,n:. Tpe6eAHje,
Tpe6eAuje
Mel)YTHM (KaKO CBe,n:o~m Ca6eAHKO), HarrHca Te AaCKaBe
HaaeaeH Kao
pe~m He 6H AH ce ,n:O,n:BOPHO KAay,n:Hjy. KOjH pol)eIneM lIPH­
yaaopul.,la.
lIa,n:aIlle KOHCTaHTHHoBoj lIOPO,n:HU,H. EBTpolIHje lIHIlle ,n:a
TOM lIPHAHKOM lIa,n:e ,n:BeCTa XHlba,n:a fOTa, HO OCHM H..era,
KaKO KruKe Ca6eAHKO, HHje,n:aH ,n:pyrH ayTop HHKa,n: He OC­
TaBH 3arrHca 0 TOMe. MeHH je lIaK TeIllKO rrOBepOBaTH IllTa
HeKH aYTOpH lIHIlly 0 lIo6e,n:H KAay,n:HjeBor HaCAe,n:HHKa
AypeAHjaHa Ha,n: Ka,n:a K~ ,n:a HX OH CBAa,n:a KO,n:
111 HHKOlIOlba, jep lI03HaT 6poj rrOrHHyAHX. KOAHKO y TO
,n:06a fOTH HaMY'fHrne PHMCKO UapCTBO H KOAHKO 3axBa­
lbyjynH InHXOBHM rro6e,n:aMa HapaCTe CAaBa CAOBeHCKor
Hapo,n:a, BH,n:H ce H3 Ta,n:a HCKOBaHHx 3AaTHHKa H MO)Ke ce
,n:03HaTH (Kao IllTO ce BH,n:H KO,n: Cf>AaBHja BOlIHCKa) H3
lIocAaHHu,a CeHaTa YlIyneHHx ClIOMeHYTOM AypeAHjaHY,
KOjH 360r lIo6e,n:e Ha,n: fOTHMa o,n: CeHaTa lIpHMH TaKBY 3a­
XBaAHOCT H Harpa,n:e lIOlIYT HHje)I:HOra ,n:pyror pHMCKor BOj­
cKoBol)e HAH u,apa. TIHIlle Ca6eAHKO ,n:a y je,n:HOM oKpIllajy
196
,
""""'
C AypeAHjaHoM lIorHHY CBera lIeT xHlba,n:a fOTa. YrAe,n:ajynH rPRaeuje xone
ce Ha rp'fKOr aYTopa TeOKAHTa, Cf>AaBHje BOlIHCKO TaKol)e Y36Ucumu
KruKe ,n:a HX TOAHKO lIa,n:e y 60jy rrpOTHB AypeAHjaHa H ,n:a AypeRujaHoee
noayxeame.
lIorH6e He BHIlle o,n: 300 lIOCa,n:HHX BojHHKa. ,llalbe KruKe ,n:a
CapMaTH 6ejexy rropruKeHH y I1AHPHK}" H ,n:a lIeT XHlba,n:a
fOTa, 3aje,n:Ho ca CBOjHM BOl)OM KaHa6a,n:oM HAH KaHa6ay­
,n:OM, lIa,n:e C OHe CTpaHe ,llYHaBa H ,n:a MHorH lIpoBe,n:e­
HH y TPHjYM<P8AHOj lIOBOpU,H, ~mMe AypeAHjaH CTe'fe Ha3HB
lIoBpaTHou,a faAHje H oCAo6o,n:HOu,a I1AHpHKa. Ho KO ro,n: je
lIpO'fHTaO Jop,n:aHeca, 3Ha ,n:a je TO BHIlle Hero HeTa'fHO.
BH,n:H ce ,n:a ce Cf>AaBHje ,n:o,n:BopaBa HaCTojenH
Y3,n:HrHYTH IneroBY CAaBY TaKO rnTO HaBo,n:H HCKlbY'fHBO
6poj lIorHHYAHX fOTa. CaM BorrHCKO Ha lIO'feTK}", Ka,n: roBO­
pH 0 lIHcu,HMa, lIpH3Haje ,n:aje TO MaHa OHHX aYTopa KOjH
lIHIlly 0 lIOJIYXBaTHMa u,apeBa H HacToje lIo,n:apHTH BenH
cjaj InHXOBOj CAaBH YMHO)KaBajynH 6poj MpTBHX, ,n:a 6H 3a­
THM YlIpaBO TO Y'fHHHO orrHcY.iynH paT lIpOTHB fOTa. IhHX
lIopa3H TaKol)ep u,ap KOHCTaHTHH. rrpeMa TBp,n:InaMa Ca­
6eAHKOBHM H BjOH,n:OBHM, ,n:OK Jop,n:aHec TO OTBopeHO He­
rHpa. TIa HrraK, caCBHM je CHI"YpHO ,n:a ce fOTH, CKAO-lIHB­
lIm MHp C PHMlbaHHMa, lIpHMHpHIlle y pa3,n:06lby o,n: roTOBO
ce,n:aM,n:eceT ro,n:HHa, CBe ,n:o BpeMeHa B8AeHca. OH HM,
CTeKaBIllH IbHXOBO lIpHjaTelbcTBO H caBe3HHrnTBO, ,n:OlIYCTH Tomu HaCeJba
eajy TpaKujy.
,n:a )KHBe y Tpau,HjH H 'faK ,n:a ,n:p)Ke BAaCTHTO opY)Kje. fOTH
ce Ta,n:a lIo,n:eAHIlle Ha BH3HrOTe H OCTporOTe, O,n:HOCHO Ha Tomu ce aeRe
ropIne H ,n:OIbe fOTe. HaHMe, KO,n: CAOBeHa, KOjH rOBope HaBu3u2ome
HCTHM je3HKoM Kao H fOTH, BHCHj 3Ha'fH ropIbH, a OCTOX u OCTnpocome.
HAH HCTOX 3Ha'fH HCTOK, Te CTora OHH CMelIITeHH HCTO'f­
HHje ,n:06HIlle HMe OCTpO roTH, a OHH Ha 3alIaJIY 8H3HrOTH.
A6Aa6HO TBp,n:H ,n:a ce Ha3BaIlle TaKO lIpeMa CBOjOj ,n:OMO­
BHHH, HO TIaBAe oaKOH, OlIaT H3 YepClIepra H AA­
< 6epT KpaHu, K~ ,n:a Cf>pH,n:HrepHa 6exy lIpO­ 112
3BaHH BH3HrOTH, a lIpHBp)KeHHu,H AT8AOBH OCTporOTH, 6y­
JIYnH ,n:a 6ejaxy y HeCA03H. Cf>pH,n:HrepH ce 06paTH u,apy
88AeHCY lIpOTHB AT8AapHKa, Te (KaKO lIHIlle COKpaT y 8.
KInH3H, lIorAaBlbY 14.) Ha,Z.Jja'fa CBor lIPOTHBHHKa. 88AeHc apujaHl.,lu.
pa36H InHXOBe pe,n:oBe y TpaKHjH H 3aTO fOTH, 360r Ha­
CTpaHocTH 88AeHcoBe, lIOCTaIlle apHjaHu,HMa. Y TO HX
BpeMe rOTCKH CBeIllTeHHK Y A<pHAa lIOY'faBarne (KaKO KruKe
Teo,n:opeT) HaCTpaHOM ApHjeBoM Y'feIny. TIHCU,H ce OKO THX
36HBaIba YBeAHKO pa3HAa3e y MHIlllbeInHMa. Ca6eAHKO y 9.
KInH3H 7. EHea,n:e lIHIlle ,n:a fOTH, lIpoTepaHH o,n: XYHa, ,n:o­
l)oIlle 88AeHcy MOAHTH ra ,n:a HM ,n:OlIYCTH HaCTaHHTH ce y
TpaKHjH, a lIOTBpl)yje TO H Opo3Hje. Mel)YTHM, Bypxap,n: H3
YepclIepra H Jop,n:aHec K~ ,n:a o,n: 88AeHca 3aTpruKHIlle
Me3Hjy H ,llaKHjy, HO Ka,n: HM lIOHy,n:H TpaKHjy, TaMO ce
3aycTaBHIlle, rnTO lIOTBpl)yje H COKpaT CKoAacTHK. MeTo,n:
HlIaK KruKe,n:a fOTH lIOCTaIlle roclIo,n:apH TpaKHje,
197
 --
Te .ll.a HM u;ap, y CTpaxy .ll.a 6H y 6y.n.yfiHOCTH MOrAH Ha­
naCTH PHMCKO UapCTBO, npOTHB BOLbe nOHY.ll.H TPaKHjy.
'lIaK HM .ll.O.ll.eAM .ll.BOjHU;Y CBOjHX BOjcKoBoua, AynHU;HHa H
MaKCHMa, KaKO 6H no.ll. lbHXOBHM BOUCTBOM OCBOjHAH H
.ll.pyre H 60Lbe 3eMLbe. I1HCU;H ce He CAIDKY HH OKO H3Bopa H
Y3pOKa pa3.ll.0pa H3MeUY u;apa BaAeHCa H BH3HrOTa. Byp­
xap.ll. H3 Yepcnepra H Ca6eAHKO KruKY .ll.a.ll.O Tora .ll.oUe 360r
Hepa36opHTOCTH MaKCHMOBe H AynHU;HHoBe (Kora Jop­
.ll.aHeC 30Be AynHU;Hje), KOjH yrlbeTaBaxy BH3HroTe TaKO.ll.a
HX BHme HO je.ll.HOM H3MyqHme rAaDY. )lpyrH naK TBp.ll.e.ll.a
AynHU;HH 6Hjame nOCTaBHO 3ace.n.y KpaLbY BH3HrOTa Cl>PH­
.ll.HrepHy, y HaCTojalbY .ll.a ra oTpyje H TaKO ra ce pemH.
I1peMa .ll.pyrHMa, BH3HroTH ce npHCHLbeHH H)')K.ll.OM .ll.Hr­
HYme Ha op)':lKje npOTHB BaAeHca, Te ce no.ll. BOUCTBOM
Cl>pH.ll.HrepHa YXBaTHme y KomTau; C PliMLbaHHMa, nopa­
3Hme HX H H3BpmHme CTpamaH nOKOLb. Y TOj 6HU;H U;ap
Busuzomu BaAeHC 6H palbeH CTpeAOM; Ka.n. ocjeTH .ll.a CBe BHme ry6H
y6ujajy lJapa cHary, lberOBH ra LbY.ll.H O.ll.HeCOme y je.ll.HY KOAH6y, r.ll.e ra
BCllleH.Ca. HenpHjaTeLbH CnaAHme, nOTnaAHBmH TO MeCTO H He 3Ha­
jyfiH, KaKO nHme Jop.ll.aHeC, .ll.a je u;ap TaMO. BHCKYn Teo­
.ll.OpeT nHme .ll.a BH3HroTH Hajnpe nOBe.ll.Ome 60j C BaAeH­
COM Ha Boccpopy, Te .ll.a HaKOH no6e.ll.e (KaKO KaJKe COKpaT
y 8. KlbH3H, norAaBLbY 33) y Meceu;y Majy CTHrome CBe .ll.O
KOHCTaHTHHonoLba H3 Kojer npoTepame PliMLbaHe CBe .ll.O
Xa.n.pHaHOnOAHCa, r.ll.e fiX noy6Hjame y BeAHKOM 6pojy H
cnaAHme u;apa. Beme TO AeTa rOCnO.ll.lbera 382, ro.ll.HHe
113 1033. O.ll. OCHHBaH:.a PliMa H qeTBPTe ro,lume BaAeHCOBe
BAa.n.aBHHe. Ho TeO.ll.OpeT TBP.ll.H .ll.a u;ap HanyCTH oBaj CBeT
BCllleH.mOeOM
/CpUBUlJaM. 9. aBryCTa. He .ll.Oro.ll.H ce TO BaAeHCY (KaKO KaJKe C030MeH)
Fomu 6e3 pa3Aora, 6y.n.yfiH .ll.a ynpaBo lberoBoM KpHBHU;OM rOTH,
nocmaaowe HapO.ll. KOjH je Morao 6HTH O.ll. BeAHKe KOPHCTH CBeToj Maj­
U;H UpKBH, nOCTame AHCTOM apHJaHU;H. . KaJKe TaKOl)ep
apU)a/ilJU. k
Busuzoma.
.ll.a . <
My CMPT 6eme HaroBemTeHa O.ll. je.ll.HOra KaTOAHKa, KOjH MY
peqe .ll.a fie. He CKAOnH AM MHp C BH3HroTHMa, O.ll. lbHXOBe
KOH.cmaH.mu- pYKe norHHYTH. HaKOH norH6Hje u;apa BaAeHCa, BH3HrOTH
H.onOJb noa
OnCaaaM. KpeHYllie Ha KOHCTaHTHHonOLb H .ll.P:lKaxy ra no.ll. TemKOM
Busuzoma. onca.n.OM. Ta.ll.a )loMHHHKa, :lKeHa nOKojHor BaAeHCa,
KpaLbeBCTBa, Te ce BpaTHme nOHOBO y IIInaHHjy. 3a BpeMe IIpoeQ.Jbyjy y
nOKa3a BeAHKY Lby6a3HoCT npeMa TOM CpqaHOM Hapo.n.y, Te
BAa.n.aBHHe Mapu;eAa [MapU;HjaHa] Hana.n.ome Cl>paHU;YCKY
HM nOCAa CBaKOBpCHe xpaHe y H306HLbY, KaKO nHmy
no.ll. BOUCTBOM MepoBeja HAH MapaBHja H 3aY3eme TaMO
Ca6eAHKO, BjOH.ll.O H .ll.pyrH aYTopH. COKpaT naK KaJKe .ll.a
MHore rpa.n.OBe. Mapu;eA nOCAa Ha lbHX CBora BOjCKOBOUY
BH3HrOTH .ll.P:lKaxy KOHCTaHTHHonOLb no.ll. onca.n.OM jom 3a
AliYTnpaH.ll.a KOjH nOBe.ll.e 6op6y C lbHMa. 11cToBpeMeHO H
:lKHBOTa u;apa BaAeHca. )lpyre no.n.yxsaTe Koje rOTH
cppaHaqKH KpaLb A6.ll.lipaM 3apaTH C rOTHMa, Kao mTO ce
npe.n.y3eme y HCTOM pa3.ll.06LbY y Me3HjH H TpaKHjH onmHp­
BH.ll.H KO.ll. rBalbHHa y 3. KlbH3H, a 6eme TO npe ATHAHHOr
HO o6pa.n.Hme I1AaTHHa y CHAHU;Hjy, JepOHHM y Ey3e6Hjy H
.ll.OAaCKa y 11TaAHjy, jep HaKOH }beroBa .ll.OAaCKa rOTH
I1pocnep y CBOjHM OCBPTHMa, HO MHlliLbelba HM ce pa3HAa­
3e. 11naK, Kao HajnOY3.ll.aHHjeM BaLba npe CBera BepOBaTH
I1poKonHja H y A6Aa6Hja. HaKOH mTO CMO YKpaTKO H3­
JepOHHMY, caBpeMeHHKY CBHX THX 36HBaH:.a. HaKOH Ba­
AO:lKHAH 36HBalba Be3aHa y3 BH3HrOTe, OCBPHHMO ce ca.n.a
AeHca, BAaCT Ha.n. u;apCTBOM npey3e BaAeHTHHHjaH, KOjH
Ha OCTPOroTe. OHH ce xpa6po O.ll.6paHHme O.ll. HacpTaja
198
3aje.ll.HO C TeO.ll.OcHjeM 6paHHme pHMCKa .ll.o6pa. 360r Be­
AHKliX CBOjHX .ll.eAa 6ejame Ta.n.a Ha rAacy rOTCKH KpaLb
ATaAapHK KOjH, CKAOnHBmH MHp C rpU;HMa, O.ll.e y KOH­
CTaHTHHonOLb. He 6eme TO TOAHKO .ll.o6po KOAHKO H)')KHO,
jep .ll.a cy ce Ta.n.a rOTH nOKpeHYAH npOTHB PliMLbaHa, Ha­
HeAO 6H TO BeAHKe mTeTe lbHXOBOM u;apCTBy. 113 BeAHKOr
.ll.HBLbelba H YLbY.ll.HOCTH npeMa u;apy ATaAapHK je roBOPHO
3a lbera .ll.a je 6e3 CyMlbe 60r Ha 3eMLbH, Te .ll.a ce, KO ro.ll. 6H
My KOjHM cAyqajeM HaMemTao 3aMKe, Mopa CBaKaKO H
CMeCTa nOKajaTH 3a CBOjy rpemKY. Ka.n. ATaAapHK npeMH­
HY, TeO.ll.OcHje My npHpe.ll.H KpaLbeBCKH norpe6, qHMe 3a.n.O­
Busuzomu cy
6H HaKAOHOCT CBHX rOTa. OHH naK, HaKOH ATaAapHKOBe 25 zOGuHa 6e3
CMPTH OCTa.n.ome 25 ro.ll.liHa a .ll.a He H3a6pame HOBora /CpQ.Jba.
KpaLba, jep 6exy 3a.n.OBOLbHH PHMCKHM u;apeM, qHjH cy 6HAH
nAafieHHU;H. HanYCTHBmH Ha Kpajy TpaKHjy, nporAaCHme Paaazac, Haj­
cmpawHuju
KpaLbeM AAapHKa H3 pO.ll.a BaATa. AAaPHKY ce npH.ll.p)':lKH 1CpQ.Jb.
KpaLb Pa.n.arac, O.ll. Kojera, npeMa CBe.ll.OqelbY KAaY.ll.HjaHa, 114
EBTponHja, Opo3Hja H BjoH.ll.a, He 6eme CTpamHHjer qOBe­
Ka. I1Hme A6Aa6HO .ll.a ce OH H3HeHa.n.a nojaBHO C .ll.BeCTa
xHLba.n.a paTHHKa, Te Ka.n. HM AAapHK YKa3a nOBepelbe,
KpeHyme nLbaqKaTH H naAHTH TpaKHjy, I1aHoHHjy, 11AHPHK
H HOpHK. Y30XOAHBmH ce 360r CBOjHX ycnexa, Pa.n.arac ce Paaazacoea
3aKAe CBOjHM 6oroBHMa .ll.a fie HM, HaCTaBH AH no6eUH­ 3aK:.l!emea.
BaTH, :lKpTBOBaTH CBY HTaAHjaHCKY KpB, y3 npeTlby .ll.a fie Paaazac
3aTpTH PHMCKO HMe H O.ll. 11TaAHje HanpaBHTH rOTCKY H y3 nOpa:?K:eH y
:lKeLbY .ll.a ce u;apeBH, TaKO KaKO ce npeMa ABryCTY H Ue­ cPuecOlly.
3apy Ha3HBaxy ABryCTHMa H Ue3apHMa, no lbeMY 30BY
Pa.n.araCHMa. Ho Bor He OTpnH TOAHKY OXOAOCT H 06eCT, Te
ra npe.ll.a y PYKe xpHmfiaHHMa. OHH ra nopa3Hme y 6P.ll.H­
Ma KO.ll. Cl>HecoAa, r.ll.e ra .ll.OqeKa ja.n.Ha CMPT. AAapHK 6eme
npemao y IIInaHHjy, Koja OCTa y lberoBoM noce.n.y TpHHaeCT
ro.ll.HHa, HaKOH qera ce rOTCKH KpaLb BpaTH y 11TaAHjy. CBa
TaMomlba lberOBa .ll.eAa MOry ce npoHafiH KO.ll. nHcau;a KOjH
ce n03a6aBHme rOTHMa, O.ll.HOCHO KO.ll. BjOH.ll.a, Ca6eAHKa H
OTOHa Cl>pH:lKaHHHa y 4. KlbH3H. rOTH .n.yro paToBaxy H C
cppaHaqKHM KpaLbeBHMa, HO 6exy HCTjepaHH H3 lbHXOBor
4JpaHl&Yc/Cy.
OCTa.ll.ome YBeK y MHpy C Cl>paHU;HMa, KaKO ce qHTa KO.ll.
lloayxeamu
Ocmpozoma.
199
 WIIF
Ocmpozomu XYHa, Te Ka,n; cpeha OKpeHY Aeba ATHAHHHM CHHOBHMa,
ucmepajy XYHe OCTpOrOTH HX HCTepaIlie H3 TIaHoHHje H Me3Hje, HaHOCehH
U3 naHO,:uje U IliTeTe TaKobe H y I1AHpm«y. O,n u;apa i\eoHa rroro,n60M
Me3Uje. 6 . 6 . . . h
,no HIlie 3eMlbe KOJe exy op)')KJeM OCBOJHAH, ,naJY H MY 3a
Taou;a Teo,nopHKa, KOjH 3aTHM rrOCTa Kpalb I1TaAHje. Y TO
,n06a rpa,n PHM 6ejaIlie Y KpaTKOM rrepHO,ny rrOTAa'feH O,n
MHorHX rocrro,napa H u;apeBa; rrpHCTHrOIlie PHU;HMep, Ba­
CHAHCK, AHTeHHje, 3eHOH, MapKO, i\eoH, OAHM6pHje, fAH­
l1S u;epHje, Kao H OpeCT H CHH lLeroB ABryCTYA, KOjH 3aBAa,na­
Ilie u;apCTBOM. KaKO TO rrOCTHrOIlie, Ta'fHO CY OrrHCaAH
EjOH,nO, Ca6eAHKO Y 2. KaH3H 8. EHea,n;e, TIoMrroHHje i\eTo
H I1BaH Pe,noBHHK. Ja, 6y,nyhH ,na ce 6aBHM OHHMe IliTO ce
TH'fe CAOBeHCKora Hapo,na H TpruKHM OHO IliTO je Hy:lKHO
OBOM ,neAY, oKaHHhy ce HcrrHTHBaaa ,npyrHx cTBapH Koje
HHCY y ,nHpeKTHoj CBe3H C TOM TeMOM. Y BpeMe, ,naKAe, Ka,n;
CnooeHu A C oyzyje ceojy
3azocnooape PHMCKHM UapCTBoM BAa,nallle BIYCTYA, Kpalb AOBeHa Py-
PuMCK:U.M jaHau;a OToKap 3arocrro,napH I1TaAHjOM H orrlba'fKa Tpe-
UapcmeoM. BH30, BHheHIJ;y H Eperny, Te 3aY3e rpa,n; TIaBHY. TIHIlie Ca­
6eAHKo ,na 6eIlie Ta,n;a rrpoAHBeHo pHMcKe KpBH Kao HH
3a epeMe je,nHoM ,npyroM rrpHAHKoM o,n rrO'feTKa rrporraCTH PHMcKor
Kpalba UapcTBa. 0 ,npyrHM rro,nyxBaTHMa MO:lKe ce BH,neTH y OTO­
OmOlcapa Ha c:ppH:lKaHHHa y 4. KlLH3H, rrorAaBlbY 31. OpecT H ABryC­
CJlOOeHU TyA ja,n;HO H3ry6HIlie :lKHBOT, 3a rrpHMep ,npyrHMa ,na HHKO
8Jlaoaxy y
Hma.lluju 15 He MO:lKe OAaKO rrpHcBojHTH u;apCKH HaCAOB. TaKO PHM y
zoOuHa. roTOBO ,nBe ro,nHHe H3ry6H ,nBaHaeCT u;apeBa, o,n KOjHX
HajBehH ,neo 6H y6HjeH, a HH o,n je,nHora ,npyror Hapo,na He
rrpHMH Te:lKe y,napu;e HO o,n Hapo,na CAOBeHCKor. HaKOH
IliTO 6exy 3aTpAH PHMCKO UapCTBO y I1TaAHjH, CAOBeHH
rrOCTa,n;OIlie rrpBH TybHHCKH Hapo,n KOjH 3arocrro,napH TOM
3eMlbOM, a aKO y I1TaAHjH He OCTa HHIliTa o,n CAaBe PHM­
CKor UapCTBa, TO je CTora IliTO CBe TO o,nHece ca C060M Ha­
po,n CAOBeHCKH. TIa aKO KHpa BeAH'fajy jep je rrOKopHO·"
XaA.neju;e, AAeKcaH,npa BeAHKor jep je rro,n'fHHHO rrepcHjcKO
u;apCTBO, a PHMlbaHe jep cy 3aTpAH rpqKj' ,np:lKaBY, OH,na
H3Ha,n; CBera rpe6a BeAH'faTH H CAaBHTH CAOBeHe, jep cy
CTaAH Ha Kpaj OXOAOCTH PHMlbaHa. OTOKap, Kora ,npyrH 30­
By O,noaKap, 6ejaIlie CAOBeH PyjaHau;, Kao IliTO rrHllle
BOAq,raHr i\au; Ha HeKOAHKO MeCTa y CBOjHM Ce06aMa Ha­
po,na, Kao H AA6epT KpaHU; y 1. KaH3H, rrorAaBlbY 35. 0
BaH,naAHjH, a 6ejaIlie M)')K BHCOKa pacTa H 3a,n;p:lKa BAaCT y
I1TaAHjH rreTHaeCT ro,nHHa. TIpeCTpaBlbeH lLeroBoM rpo­
30TOM, 'fHTaB rpa,n; PHM My H3abe y cycpeT, o,najyhH TOM
CAOBeHCKOM MY:JKY Behe rrO'faCTH HO IliTO ce rrpHcTojH
CMPTHHKj', a 3aTHM ra rr03,npaBH Kpalb PHMlbaHa. TOAHKe
rrO'faCTH H BeAH'fHHa OTOKapOBa u;apCTBa H3a3BaIlie 3a­
BHCT KO,n OCTporoTa H KO,n u;apa 3eHOHa, Te OHH rro,nCTa­
KOllle Kpalba OCTpOroTa Teo,nopHKa ,na YCTaHe Ha OTo­
116 Kapa. YXBaTHIlie ce y KOlllTau; Ha peU;H TIa,n;, r,ne OTOKap
200
6H CBAa,n;aH y3 BeAHKe TeIliKohe. 3aMeTHyrne 60j TpHrryT,
HO KOHa'fHO Kao rr06e,nHHK H3abe Teo,nopHK, a OTOKap rro-
6e:lKe y PaBeHY. HaKOH Tporo,nHIlilLe orrca,n;e PaBeHe, y3
rrpaBe,nHY ce rroro,n6y H YCAOBe rrpe,na,ne, HO 360r Teo,nopH­
KOBe rrpeBape Ha Kpajy H3ry6H :lKHBOT. Teo,nopHK, ,naKAe,
rrOCTa,ne rocrro,nap 'fHTaBe I1TaAHje, Te TaKO I1TaAHja JOIli
je,nHOM rrOTrra,n;e rro,n BAaCT CAOBeHa. Taj Teo,nopHK (KaKO
HarrHca TIpoKorrHje fpK) rro,nH:lKe H rrorrpaBH MHore pyIlie­
BHHe y I1TaAHjH, a KaKO 6H je 60lbe ,np:lKao y rroKopHoCTH,
rroTpy,nH ce cTehH BeAHKj' HaKAOHOCT. YMpe HaKOH TpH­
,neceT ce,naM ro,nHHa BAa,naBHHe, a aerOBOM cMphy 6H Ha­
pYIlieH MHp y I1TaAHjH. HaHMe, rrOlllTO 3arocrro,napH 3eM­
lbOM, CBHM CBOjHM CHaraMa rrOTpy,nH ce ,na 06e36e,nH I1Ta­
AHjH, a HapO'fHTO rpa,ny PHMY, MHp H cBaKoBpcHY yKpa­
IlieHOCT. Ko :lKeAH 6HTH caBpIlieHo yrryheH rro TOM rrHTalLY, Hma.lluja
HeKa 'fHTa rrOCAaHHu;e rrOY3,naHor CBe,nOKa PaCHo,nopa, H3 YlCpaweHocm
KOjHX he BH,neTH KaKO oBaj KHe3 3a CBe BpeMe cBoje BAa­ K{Xl.Jby
,naBHHe, H3Y3eB rrOCAe,naHX rO,nHHa, 6ejaIlie rrpe,naH BeAH­ Ocmpozoma
'faay H YKpaIliaBaay I1TaAHje, TaKO ,na HH PHM HH I1TaAHja TeooopulCy.
He rrO:lKaAHllle ,n06a OKTaBHjaHa ABryCTa, TpajaHa, Xa,ll.pH­
jaHa HAH 6HAO Kor ,npyror o,n rroHaj60lbHx BAa,napa. HaKOH
Teo,n0pHKoBe CMPTH, ,naKAe, u;ap JyCTHHHjaH, HaMepa­
BajyhH ,na rrOBpaTH I1TaAHjy H oCAaaajyhH ce Ha xpa6poCT
H BepHOCT BeAH3apa KOjH 6eIlie HCTjepao BaH,ll.aAe H3 Aq,­
pHKe, 3apaTH C OCTporOTHMa, a yqHHH TO THM BHIlie ,npare
BOlbe Ka,n; yBH,ll.e ,na I1TaAHjOM BAa,n;a H ,na je 6paHH Kpalb
CTpaIlilbHB H MaAo,nyIliaH, Kao IliTO rroKa3yjy TIpoKorrHje,
OTOH c:ppH:lKaHHH y 5. KaH3H, i\eoHap,no ApeTHHo H MHorH
,npyrH, a HapO'fHTO rrarra TIHO II. Y KOMeHTapHMa EjOH,ny.
TIHCU;H 3a KojHMa ce MopaM rrOBo,nHTH y rrpHrroBe,naay 0
TOM JYCTHHHjaHoBoM pary rrpOTHB fOTa, jecy TIpoKorrHje
fpK, KOjH Y 'feTHpH KaHre BpAO ,n06po orrHca Taj paT, 3a­
THM fB,nOH H3 PaBeHe, i\eoHap,ll.O ApeTHHO, BjOH,nO H Ca­
6eAHKO y 8. EHea,n;H. HaKOH TIpoKorrHja, CKoAaCTHK H3
CMHpHe HajHcu;prrHHje ce o,n CBHX rr03a6aBHo BeAH3apo­
BHM H Hap3ecoBHM paToM rrpOTHB fOTa, BobeHHM 3a Bpe­ BeJlU3ap
Me KOH3YAaTa CHAeHU;HjaHa H MaKe,nOHHja. BeAH3ap 6H, ucmepa
,ll.aKAe, rrpBH KOjH HCTepa OCTporoTe H3 CHU;HAHje, HaTepa Ocmpozome ca
y 6eKCTBO aHXOBor Kpalba TeO,ll.aTa H rrOHOBHO OCBOjH rpa,ll. CUYUJluje.
HarrYlb. YXBaTHBlllH ce y KOlllTau; C OCTporoTHMa y 6AH­ P'u.M.lbaHu
3HHH PHMa, rro H360p PHMCKH BOjHHU;H H3ry6HIlie TaMO nomytteHU 00
:lKHBOT, a ,npyrH ce crraCHIlie 6HjeroM. Ho fOTH KpeHyrne 3a OCmpDzoma.
lLHMa CBe ,nO BpaTa TIHHU;Ha H 3aMeTHyrne TaMO u;eAO­
117
,nHeBHy 60p6y, y KOjOj ce xpa6poIlihy H cHaroM HCTaKHY
H3Ha,n CBHX ,npyrHx YpcH,na fOT. PHMlbaHH, YBH,ll.eBIliH ,ll.a
nOHoeo naOHe
ry6e 6HTKj', rroBYKoIlie ce y rpa,n KOjH ce Ha,n;e rro,n TeIliKOM oeecma
orrca,n;OM. TIo ,npyrH rryT rra,n;e OKO ,nBeCTa XHlba,na PHM­ XUlbaoa
lbaHa. TIOHOBHO ce cYK06HIlie, a Y TOj 6HU;H rrorHHYllle CBH P'u.M.lbaHO.
201
 ........
Ocmpozomu CpqaHH pHMCKH BOjHHU:H. KOHaqHO rpa,n. PHM 6H onKOlheH
Yliuw.me H npHTHCHYT rAal)y, TaKO .n.a .:lKeHe, .n.eu:y, CTapu:e H .n.pyre
Ml.Ulalio. o.n.Be.n.ome y HanYlh. ilHmy TO ilpoKonHje H ApeTHHO y 1.
.K:l'bH3H. HaKoH Tora rOTH CnaAHme rpa,n.OBe KOMO H
PliMHHH. 3aY3eme MHAaHO H nOTnYHo ra YHHmTHme, a
6eme y6HjeHo MHOro CTaHOBHHKa 06a nOAa. Pa3pymHBmH
rpa,n. roTOBO .n.o TeMelha, nocyme ra COlhY, KaKO nHme
ilpoKonHje. BHCKYn ,UaKHje H BapHecPPH.n., npeM.n.a onH­
carne HeBOlhe H ja,n.e Koje MHAaHO npeTpnH, HnaK OBY no­
TomUJI.a oc8aja CAe.n.lbY He cnoMeHyme. HaKOH TOra KPalb ATaAapHK cpy­
~lioza umWlU- mH BpaTa rpa,n.a PliMa 3BaHa CaAlma. ilo.n. KpalbeM To­
jalicKa Mecma. B
THAOM rOTH nOKopHme eHeBeHT, KOMO, AYKY, KaAa PHJY
6 .
H AnYAHjy. 3ap06Hme TaKol)ep 6po.n.oBe KOjHM je ,UeMe­
TpHje npeB03HO HaMHpHHu:e y PHM, a npHcBojHme H MaK­
CHMHHOBe Aal)e C noca,n.aMa caCTaBlheHHM o.n. XYHa. 3ay­
3aY3ew.e
HanYJb. 3eme 3aTHM Hanylh H pa30pHme AYCHM, .n.aHac OCHM, Kao
H PHMHHH, na nOHOBHO oCBojHme CnOAeTO H ACKOAH. OTOH
¢pH.:lKaHHH y 4. KlbH3H 06pal)yje CBa Ta 36HBalba. Ho Cy­
H.n.a, BpAO nOY3.n.aH ayTOp HCTOPHjCKlIX .n.eAa, npenyTao HX
je, npeM.n.a 6ejame cnoMeHYo BeAH3apa, Hap3eca, JYCTH­
HHjaHa, ATaAapHKa, Teo.n.opHKa H OCTaAe, a yqHHH TO KaKO
IIocmaje He 6H YMalbHO CAaBY H .n.OCTOjaHCTBO rpKa. TaKo 3601' Ma­
zocnooap zo- Ha nHcau:a nOJl.YXBaTH CAOBeHCKor Hapo.n.a na,n.ajy y 3a­
moeo 'iUma8e
60paB. OCBojHBmH PaBeHY, ne3eHY H rpa.n. 3BaH ilHeTpa H
HmaJIuje.
nOCTaBmH rocno.n.ap roTOBO qHTaBe HTaAHje, TOTHAa Ha-
MeTHY PHMy TaKBY onca.n.y .n.a CTaHOBHHU:H 6ejaxy npHcH­
lheHH jeCTH Kopelbe, MHmeBe H TpaBe YMecTo YKYCHHX
jeAa. Ta.n.a nana BHrHAHje, CMHAOBaBmH ce lbHXOBOM
l'r..tM!baliu BeAHKOM ja.n.y, Hape.n.H .n.a HM ce O.ll.Be3e .:lKHTO, Koje My
w.aJbY TomUJI.u TOTHAa 3aTHM 0.n.y3e. PHMlhaHH, .n.a.:KAe, YBH.n.eBmH y KaKBOj
U3aCJU1Ii~lCa cy HeBOlhH, nOCAame TOTHAlf CBor H3aCAaHHKa ileAarHja, y
IIe.JI.uzuja. . H
HaCTOJalbY .n.a ra Ha HeKH HaqHH yMHpe. 0 HHmTa He no-. ,
CTHraBmH, MHorH PliMlhaHH yMpeme o.n. rAa.n.H. Y Mel)yape­
MeHY TOTHAa, npOHamaBmH nyT, yl)e Hony y PHM, Te yjy­
118 TpO npoKpCTapH rpa,n.oM HCYKaHlIX H OKpBaBlheHHx Maqe­
Toml.Ula
YCMpmu Ba, y6HJaJY. . nH CBaKora Ha Kora 6 H HaHmao. TOTHAa caceqe
08aoecem oee .Il.Ba,n.eceT .n.Be XHlha,n.e rpKa H3 o6paM6eHHX noca,n.a CMem­
XUJbaoe rpKa. TeHlIX y HTaAHjH, a KOjH 6Hjaxy OCTaAH onKOlheHH y PHMY.
Pu..MCICU TpenHHa rpa,n.CKHX 3H.Il.HHa 6H nopymeHa, KanHToA cna­
6p€JICYJb!!,u lbeH, orlbeM H MaqeM YHHmTeHe AenOTe npe.n.rpal)a. KBH­
K8UPUliWl U pHHaA H ABeHTHHcKH 6per 6exy cpaBlbeHH ca 3eMlhOM H
AeelimUIi
cpa8~beliU ca CnalbeHH. TaKo rpa.n. PHM 6H caCBHM OnlbaqKaH H yHHm-
3e.MJbOM. TeH. Ha H3AacKY, TOTHAa ra OCTaBH npa3HHM. 0 PliMe,
rocno.n.apy Hapo.n.a, KO 6eme oHaj mTO Te TOAHKO nyTa
AHmH CBHX TBOjHx rpal)aHa OTeBmH HX o.n. Te6e? He 6H TO
Y npomAOCTH .n.onymTeHo HH ilapTHMa, HH XaHH6aAY Xa­
MHAKapoBY, qaK HHKa,n.a HHKoMe, H3Y3eB Heno6e.n.HBoM Ha­
po.n.y CAOBeHCKOM. TH mTO CH 06HqHO .n.OHOCHO cnac H 6HO
202
qyBap .n.pyrHx rpa,n.OBa, He Mora,n.e cnaCHTH HH 0.n.6paHHTH
ce6e caMora o.n. CAOBeHa. BpaTHMO ce ca,n. HameM npe.n.­
Mery. HaKOH YHHmTelba PliMa, TOTHAa nOHOBHO CBAa,n.a
CTaHOBHHKe AYKe, A6pyu:a H KaAa6pHje H yCMpTH BHme o.n.
.n.BjeCTa BojHHKa rpqKOr BojcKoBol)e JOBaHa, a TeK HX ce
HeKOAHU:HHa cnaCH 6eKCTBOM y KamTeA y PyCTHKaHY· TomUJI.a
oC8aja Kunap
HaKOH 3aY3ena PyCTHKaHa H ilepyl)e, TOTHAa 0.n.y3e PliM­
u AlCapaliujy.
lhaHHMa KHnap H AKapHaHHjy. Y Mel)yapeMeHY BeAH3ap
npHOHY pa,n.OBHMa Ha YTBpI)HBa:H>Y PliMa Haj60]he mTO MO­
rame. Ho CBe 6H Y3aAY.n., jep ce TOTHAa BpaTH H nOHOBHO
3aY3e rpa,n.. TaKO TOTHAa H OCTporOTH jom je.n.HOM npo­
Y3pOKOBame nponaCT PHMa. By.n.ynH .n.a 3arocno.n.a pHme
CHU:HAHjOM H qHTa:BOM IhaAHjoM, OCHM Pa:BeHOM, AHKO­
HOM H OTpaHTOM, u:ap JyCTHHHjaH HHje Morao BHme TP­
neTH npona,n.albe IJ,apcTBa. iloCAa CTora ymKonlheHHKa
Hap3eca ca CBHM lberOBHM lhy.n.HMa, a Taj, nOBeBmH ca co­
60M neT XHlha,n.a AaHro6ap.n.a, TpH XHlha,n.e BepAa HAlf Xe­
pYAa H qeTHpH XHlha.n.e renH.ll.a, HacpHY Ha OCTporoTe H
3aMeTHyrne .n.Bo.n.HeBHH 60j. Ho Ka,n. OCTporoTH YBH.n.eme
.n.a Ha Kpajy He nOCTH.:lKY .n.pyro OCHM HenpeCTaHor paTO­
Ba:H>a C PliMlhaHHMa, o.n.peKome ce noce.n.a Ha.n. HTaAHjOM,
y3 YCAOB, MeI)YTHM, .n.a HM 6y.n.e .n.onyrnTeHo H3HeTH H3
HTaAHje CBa cBoja .n.06pa H o.n.HeTH HX r.n.e HM je BOlha.
KaKO HM je TO 0.n.6HjeHo, 3anpeTHme .n.a ne ce 60PHTH .n.o
nOCAe.n.lber qOBeKa. ,U06HBmH HanOKOH Tpa.:lKeHO, HanYCTH­
me HTaAHjy. AAH KO 6eme Taj TKO lIX npHCHAH .n.a 3aTpa.:lKe
Ha:Be.n.eHe YCAOBe? MO)KJl.a rpU:H, HAH PHMlhaHH? To ce
caCBHM CHrypHO He MO.:lKe TBp.n.HTH, jep KOAHKO ro.n. 6ejarne 119
nOTnOMOl'HYT o.n. rpKa H PliMlhaHa, BeAH3ap HHKa,n. He Ocmpozomu
o.n.Hece n06e.n.y Ha,n. rOTHMa 6e3 nOMonH XYHa H BepAa. lie MOZaw.e
6umu liaoja­
HCTO HX TaKO HH Hapcec He 6H Morao Ha,rQaqaTH 6e3 opy­
'ialiU 6e3 no­
.:lKaHe nOMonH CAoBeHa, O.n.HOCHO BepAa H renH.n.a. o.n. HC­
MOnU opyi!UX
Tora po.n.a Kao H rOTH. 3anHce 0 TOMe OCTaBH rpqKH ayTop C.Jw8eHa.
ilpoKonHje. AeOHap.n.o APeTHHO, HanpOTHB, npenYTa MHOro AeOfiapoo
TOra mTO 6H no.n.apHAO cjaj nOJl.YXBaTHMa rOTa, nHrnynH Apemulio
HCKlhyqHBO 0 lbHXOBoj nponaCTH H npHKpHBajynH MHore npenyma
Mlioze c.JtaeH.€
Hecpene HTaAHje. Be3 CBaKe CyMlbe H CaM ilpoKonHje,
noiJyx8ame
npHcyTaH y cnOMeHyTOM pary C JYCTHHHjaHoBe CTpaHe, roma.
OCTaBH He.n.opeqeHHM MHoro TOra mTO 6H nOTaMHHAO
BpAHHe H CHary rpKa, a npOCAa:BHAO rOTe.,Ua nHCU:H HHCY
CBOjHM H3MHIJ1lhOTHHaMa H AaCKalbHMa HCKPHBHAH HCTO­
PHjy, jacHo je .n.a 6HCMO ca,n.a qHTaAH H 0 CAOBeHCKHM no­
Jl.YXBaTHMa KY.n.HKaMO .n.OCTOjHHjHM mTOBalba, npeM.n.a cy
.n.OBOlhHH Ben H OHH KOjH cy OCTaAH 3a6eAe.:lKeHH. AYTOPH
3anHCaxy CaMO OHO mTO He Mora,n.ome npenYTaTH a .n.a He
HaBYKY Ha ce6e rp.n.He npeKope, 6y.n.ynH .n.a 6eme n03HaTO
Ben y u:eAOM cBery: jep CBe H .n.a ilpoKonHje 3aje.n.HO ca
CBHM rpU:HMa H HTaAHjaHHMa XTe.n.e TO npenYTaTH, HnaK
203

6H rpa,n: PHM C '-IHTaBOM 11TaAHjoM rrOCBe.ll:OqHO HCTHHY, a
He 6H .lI:OrrYCTHO .lI:a TaMa rrpeKpHje llITO 3a C060M OCTaBH
rrperrAeMeHHTH HapO.ll: CAOBeHCKH, KOjH rrpOAH TOAHKO
pHMCKe KpBH. Taj ce JYCTHHHjaHoB paT C fOTHMa OTerHY
CBe .lI:O rrOCAe.ll:FbHX rO.ll:HHa FberoBor :lKHBOTa, rra H HaKOH
Tora, 6Y.lI:YhH .lI:a ce fOTH rrO.ll:eAHIlle, Te ce je.ll:aH .lI:eo rrpH­
.lI:PY:lKH EyprYH.lI:HMa H <ppaHqHMa, KOjH 3aTHM rrOHOBHO
YCTarne Ha PHMlbaHe. ,lI.pyrH .lI:eo ce rrpHrrojH .lI:PyrHM Ha­
pO.ll:HMa Y FbHXOBHM 60paBHIllTHMa, a TpehH .lI:eo, O.ll:HOCHO
OCTporoTH KOjH 6ejaxy rrpeOCTaAH HaKOH TOAHKHX paTOBa,
OCTa TaMO rro.ll: HTaAHjaH~KHM HMeHOM, KaKO rrHIlle Ca­
6eAHKO Y 5. KFbH3H 8. CTora rrpoH3Aa3H .lI:a llTa­
AHjaHH, KOjH cY YBeK 06HqHO Ha3HBaAH fOTe H .lI:pyre
CAOBeHCKe HapO.ll:e BapBapHMa, HHCY HHIllTa .lI:pyro .lI:O
rae 3aapWUw.e oCTaqH BapBapa, O.ll:HOCHO fOTa, BaH.lI:aAa, BepAa H oc­
ocmalJO roma.
TaAHX CAoBeHa. PeKaBIllH .lI:aKAe H rrOKa3aBIllH rro.ll: KOJHM
ce HMeHOM H KojeM Hapo.ll:Y rrpHKlbyqHIlle OCTporoTH, rro­
3a6aBHMo ce ca,n:a o CTaAHM a , TO jecT BH3HrOTHMa, KOjH
6exy .lI:pyrH .lI:eo fOTa. OHH rraK O.ll:OIlle y illrraHHjy H rrpey­
3eIlle HMe illrraFbOAaqa, Kao IllTO rrHIlle I1peHHqyc y 6.
KFbH3H. ITpoTepaBIllH BaH.lI:aAe H3 Tora KpalbeBCTBa, 3a­
llOOYXEamu .lI:p:lKaIlle ra y CBOM rroce.ll:Y TOKOM .lI:YrHx rO.ll:HHa, Kao IllTO
BU3Ucoma.
oTBopeHo rroKa3yje MHxaeA PHTHYC. KpalbeBH H rroToMqH
pO.ll:a FbHXOBa rOTOBO CBe .lI:O BpeMeHa HaIllHX rrpe.ll:aKa
120 BAa,n:axy illrraHHjoM xpa6poIllhy CBOjOM H BOjHOM cHaroM.
Bu3U20mu OCTaBHBIllH faAHjy ¢paHqHMa, BHIlle rryTa 3arocrrO.ll:apH­
euwe nyma Ille illrraHHjoM; TpH HAH qeTHpH rryTa OCBojHIlle faAHjy,
3aB.1l.aaaW.e T ' TPHrryT M
.lI:Barryr IaHOHHJY, ' Ce.ll:aM rryTa T
e3HJY, ' Te
paKHJY,
<Jemupu nyma Ha Kpajy 3aBAa,n:aIlle qHTaBHM I1CTOKOM. Pa360pHT qHTa­
TaBHIlle Ha .lI:pyroj 06aAH peKe Be3ep. HarrYCTHBIllH Te
oceojuw.e ra- Aaq HeKa BH.lI:H yqHHHIlle AH TO HKa,n:a AAeKCaH.lI:ap BeAH­
KpajeBe ro.ll:HHe 500. peKoM Be3ep O.ll:OIlle CBe .lI:O ¢pH3Hje,
Jlujy, .mpunym KH, KHP HAH XaHH6aA. Ha KOjH HaqHH fOTH rrOCTHrOIlle TO­
Me3U1Y CeaaM . T.r • • •
nyma TpW<:ujy. AHKO TOra, OMHqHO ~OKa3YJe rreCHHK fi.L\a~.lI:HJaH KOJH,.
rrpeM.lI:a BeAHKH HerrpHJaTelb fOTa, OCTaBH 6poJHe 3arrHce 0
FbHXOBOj BOjHOj CHa3H, a rroHajBHIlle 0 BaH.lI:aAHMa, Hapo.ll:Y
BmlaaJlU. (KaKo CMO rrOKa3aAH) CAOBeHCKOM. HarrYCTHBIllH CKaH.lI:H-
HanywmalY . J1.p;Jl(.e y noce­
ClmHaCUHa8ujy HaBHJY, BaH.lI:aAH rrpoBe.ll:OIlle Ha rryTy qeAY rO.ll:HHY, rrpe HO
u nymyjy IllTO CTHrOIlle .lI:O peKe BHCAe, KaKO H3BeIllTaBa Jop.ll:aHeC
cOaUHY aaHa 00 AAaH yrAe.ll:ajyhH ce Ha ,lI.eKcHrra fpKa. Ta peKa 6eIlle 3a­
pe/Ce BuCJle. THM rrp03BaHa BaH.lI:aA, rro HMeHY FbHXOBe KPalbHqe BaH­
llo /COMe pe/Ca . 6 . ( M'
BaHaaJl ao6u .lI:aAe KOJa ce 3 or rropa3a O.ll: HerrpHJaTelba KaKO rrHIlle Je­
mo lLMe. XOBHTa y 1. KFbH3H, rrorAaBlbY 12, 6aqH y Ty peKY, a BaH­
.lI:aAHMa .lI:a,n:e HMe. Ho JoxaH ABeHTHHYc TBP.ll:H y 1. KFbH3H
.lI:a 6ejaxy rrpo3BaHH TaKO rro KpalbY KOjH Y .lI:06a
JoaHa ITaTpHjapxa OCTa Ha rrpeCToAy rryHHx qeTp.ll:eCeT ro-
BaHaaJlU n03- .lI:HHa, Te HMe BaH.lI:aAH H BeHe.ll:H rrOTHqe jOIll O.ll: Tor Bpe-
Hamu uy 6 .
8peMa MeHa. CrrOMeHyTH HapO.ll:H exy O.ll:YBeK Ha rAacy rro paTHOJ
Ane/CCaHapa BeIllTHHH, a CAaBHO HM HMe 6eIlle H y BpeMe AAeKCaH.lI:pa
BeJlu/coc. BeAHKOr, y qHjHM rrO.ll:YBaTHMa yBeK cY.ll:eAoBaxy, KaKO
204
~
H3BeIllTaBa ITeTpH Cy<PPH.lI:H y 3. KFbH3H, r.ll:e OBaKO Ka:lKe:
BaH.lI:aAH ce 60pHIlle rro.ll: 3arrOBe.ll:HHIllTBOM AAeKCaH.ll:pa
BeAHKor, a HaKOH FberOBe CMpTH BpaTHIlle ce y CBOj 3a­
BHqaj KOjH 3aTHM 3aY3eIlle CacHo 3arrHCaHO TO (Ka:lKe
caM Cy<PPH.lI:H) H Y <PPH3HjCKOM AeTOrrHCY, KO.ll: AA6epTa
KpaHqa y CaCKOM rrperAe.ll:Y, KO.ll: AA6epTa H3 illTa.ll:ea, BH­
THKHH.lI:a CaKcoHqa, BepHepa POAeHBHKa, y .lI:eAHMa Jo­
xaHa H3 EceHa H XeHpHKa H3 Xep<pop.ll:a, a TaKol)e H
<pPaHqyCKHX rrHcaqa H KO.ll: CHre6epTa H3 lKaM6Aya. ITHIlle
EjOH.lI:O y 1. KFbH3H I. ,lI.eKa.ll:e .lI:a OCaM.lI:eCeT XHlba.ll:a BaH­
.lI:aAa y BpeMe Ue3apa ABryCTa 3aY3e HCTOqHY 06aAy peKe
HanmlHy ux
PajHe, O.ll:aKAe HX ,lI.py3 H TH6epHje HaTepaIlle Ha rrOBAa­ ,lIpy3 u
qeIhe y CBOj rrpBo6HTHH 3aBHqaj, rro.ll: KOjHM ce, BepyjeM, Tu6epuje.
rrO.ll:pa3YMeBa oHaj KOjH HM ITAHHHje .lI:O.ll:elbyje KO.ll: Kap­
rraTCKHX ropa Ha rpaHHqaMa ca CapMaTHjoM, O.ll:HOCHO
. HaceJbaeaxy
ITOlbCKOM. YrrpaBO OTY.ll:a MHOro rrpe TOra KpeHYIlle Hace­ o6aJle BaJl­
lbaBaTH o6aAe EaATHqKOr Mopa, Te y rrOqeTKY paTOBaxy mU'4/C02 MOpa.
qeCTO C ,lI.aHqHMa H CaCHMa. PaToBaxy rrpOTHB qapa Map­ 121
'OPU;JI(.eHU C
Ka AHToHHja y .lI:PYIllTBY C MapKOMaHHMa. KaKO rrHIlly EB­
MapKOMaHlLIW.
TporrHje H ITaBAe Opo3Hje. HaMyqHIlle CTaAHHM paTOBaIheM apamyjy c
qHTaBY fepMaHHjy, 0 qeMY ITeTpH Cy<PPH.lI:H y crrOMeHYToj Pu..M.!baHlLMa,
KIhH3H OBHM peqHMa Ka:lKe: HaAa3HM y HaIllHM apXHBaMa
BaHaaJlU cy
.lI:a .lI:eBeT ro.ll:HHa HaKOH TOr paTa C MapKOMaHHMa, TO jeCT
cmpaxu mpe­
AeTa fOCrrO.ll:Fber 183, qHTaBa fepMaHHja 6H rrpHTHcHYTa nem tiUma8e
BeAHKHM CTpaxOM rrpe.ll: BaH.lI:aAHMa H IToAoHHMa, KOjH Ha­ repMaHuje.
CpHyBIllH Ha Ihy rrpHcHAHIlle MHore lbY.ll:e .lI:a ce rroBYKY y
BpAO MaAe H c~eHe rrpocTope, .lI:OK .lI:pyre caCBHM rrpoTe­
paIlle H3 FbHXOBHX rrpe6HBaAHIllTa, a OHH caMH ce 3ayc­
Te ce 3aYCTaBHIlle Ha HCTOqHOj 06aAH peKe AMH3Hje, KaKO
< qHTaMO KO.ll: AH.lI:peaca KOpHeAHCa CTaBOpeHCKor. Ho Ka,n:
HX Harra,n:e THT EOjOKaA, 6paT BojBO.ll:e O.ll: ¢pH3Hje Me6aA­
.lI:a, rrpeTprreIlle rropa3 H 6ejaxy OTepaHH C peKe nJ:IIlll~Slll
,lI.o Ta.ll:a Cy<PPH.lI:H roBOPH 0 BaH.lI:aAHMa. CYK06HIlle ce
OHH TaKol)e C BH3HroTHMa, rra Ka,n: H3ry6HIlle 6HTKY H ay llaHoHujy
6eIlle rrpOTepaHH C rrpO.ll:peIlle Y ITaHoHHjy Ha,n: KO­ 40200uHa,
JOM 3a,n:p:lKaIlle rroce.ll: TOKOM qerp.ll:eCeT ro.ll:HHa. fO.ll:HHe llpeJla3e y
l1ffiaJlujy.
382. rrpel)oIlle y llTaAHjy rro.ll: BOl)CTBOM Kpalba MHoracHAe,
MH02aCUJla
Kojer .lI:pyrH, He rro3HajyhH BaH.lI:aACKH HAH CAOBeHCKH je­ KpQ.lb
3HK, rrorpeIllHO 30BY MO.ll:HrHCHA H MO.ll:H.lI:HCK. fO.ll:HHe BaHaaJla.
415. rrpO.ll:peIlle Y ¢paHqyCKY ca CBOjHM BOjCKOBOl)OM Kpo­ BaHOaJlU
Hanaaajy
CKOM, Te rrpoKpcTapHIlle qHTaBOM 3eMlbOM :lKapehH H
tPpaHlJYCKY·
rraAehH. O.ll:aTAe HX HCTepaIlle O.ll: FbHX MohHHjH BH3HroTH, llpeJla3e y
Te ce rrpeKo ITHpeHeja crrycTHIlle y illrraHHjy, KOjy, 3arOC­ IIlnaHujy.
rrO.ll:apHBIllH 3eMlbOM, rro ce6H rrpo3BaIlle BaH.lI:aAY3HjOM,
IllTO je 3aTHM 360r YKAaIhaFba rrpBor CAOBa rrOCTaAO AH.lI:a­
AY3Hja. UapeBH BaCHAHCK H PHqHMep rroTYKoIlle HX.lI:O
205
 r
HOry, HaKOH lIITO 6exy HanaAH BeHeII,Hjy H HCTPY. KOHaq­
BaH.oaJIU 30 HO 3aB1\a,l:talIIe EHTHHHjOM, Ha,n:. KOjOM 3a,n:.pJ'KalIIe noce)].
zoowia oPJKe rryHHX TpH)].eCeT ro)].HHa. Ha n03HB )].a )].OOy y ACPPHKY, y3
Bumwiujyy
06enaae BeAHKHX Harpa,n:.a, npeOOlIIe rH6paATapCKH
ceo.M. noceoy.
MOpeY3, HO 3aTHM He o)].pJ'KalIIe 06enaae KOMHTy EOHHcpa­
ClCllone MUp ca II,Hjy KOjH HX 6elIIe n03Bao, Hero OCBojHllIe EOH
llapeM (EOHaAHKa), CaAe, TaMaHaCH)l.y, EaHacy H THHreH)].H, CBe
BaJl.eHCO.M.
pe)].OM BaJ'KHa MeCTa. U ap B aAeHTHHHJaH . Ha KpaJY . y3 HeKe
Oceoje HYJK:He YCAOBe CKAOnH C aHMa MHP, HO HaKOH aerOBe
KapmazuH.Y· CMpTH nOHOBHO YCTalIIe Ha OPYJK:je H no)]. BOOCTBOM CBore
Kpa.n:.a reH3epHKa OCBojHlIIe KapTarHHY, Koja )].OTa,n:. 6eja­
lIIe no)]. PHMCKOM BAalIIny rryHHX 535 ro)].HHa; HaKOH Tora
je Taj rpa,n:. TaKO rAaCOBHT H CAaBaH, KOjH je)].HHo PHMIhaHH
122 H TO je)].Ba 6exy npHCHAHAH Ha npe)].ajy, nOTnao no)]. BAaCT
CAOBeHCKor Hapo)].a. reH3epHK HaKOH Tora, CKYfiHBlIIH
IIocmaliY
2ocnooapu
6pO)].OBe, Hana)].HY H OCBojH OCTpBa Cap)].HHHjy, CHII,HAHjy,
CullWtuje. KOp3HKY H E6Y3Y, KOjy THT AHBHje H ITAHHHje 30BY ITHTy­
3a, a KAy3Hje H6H3a. 3ay3e TaKooe MajopKY H MHHOPKY,
KaKO nHlIIe BHKTOP BHTeHCKH, 6HCKYn YTHKe IJYJK:Ha
¢paHltycKaj. CHII,HAHjy npenYCTH Kpa.n:.y HTaAHje OTOKapy
Ooyy
llllwmcKY u [O)].oaKapy], KOjH ce 06Be3a Ha ro)].HlIIae IIAanaae )].aHKa
BpumaliUjy. reH3epHKY. OTHlIIaBlIIH y lliKOTCKY H EpHTaHHjy, )].pJ'Ka Te
3eMIhe CBe )].OK He CAOMH Mon CHAHO OKpYTHor ATHAe. Ka,n:.
MaKCHM HaCHAHO npey3e BAaCT Ha,n:. PHMCKHM UapCTBOM,
Y3e 3a J'KeHY II,apHII,y EB)].OKCHjy, y)].OBHII,y BaAeHTHjaHOBY.
iKeHa Y3BHlIIeHa )l.yXa, II,apHII,a, y CpI,16H lIITO je npHCH­
lbeHa Y3eTH TaKO nO,ll.Aor MYJK:a H HeMajynH )].pyror HaqHHa
)].a ce OCBeTH, He 6H AH nOHOBHO CTeKAa CA060)l.y, n03Ba no
TajHHM rAaCHHII,HMa cnoMeHyTora Kpa.n:.a BaH)].aAa reH3e­
pHKa, CAaBHor no 6pOjHHM n06e)].aMa, )].a )].oOe H 3aY3Me
IIocmaH.Y PHM, a ay OCA060)].HTH TaKO o)].BpaTHa 6paKa. reH3epHK
20cnoaapu
cKYnH BeAHKY H MonHY CPAOTy C KOjOM 3aY3e PHM, r)].e no-~
PuMa.
CTyIIH C HajBenoM OKPYTHOlIIny, a H BHlIIe 6H 3Aa nOqHHHO
)].a nana AaB He y6AaJ'KH OXOAOCT H J'KeCTHHY aerOBY CBOjOM
nOHH3HolIIny H KpoTKolIIny. TaKo HaKOH lIITO je qeTpHaeCT
)].aHa 3AOCTaBlbao PHM, HarrycTH rpa,n:. AeTa rocno)].aer 457,
o)].Bo)].enH ca C060M EB)].OKCHjy H ITAaII,H)].Hjy C MHOro )].py-
FeJuLMep 6ewe rHX 3ap06lbeHHKa. reAHMep 6elIIe nOCAe)].aH Kpa.n:. BaH)].a­
nOClleOfbU Aa. Ka,n:. ra BeAH3ap 3aTeqe y ACPPHII,H roTOBO HecnpeMHor,
eaH.OaJI.CKU
1qJalb.
.
reAHMep TaKO J'KeCTOKO HaBaAH Ha HenpHJaTelba)].a H,)].a
6 HHje MorAa 3aCHTHTH MOjHM ja,n:.HMa; TH npOTHB je)].Hora
6ejalIIe HaCTaBHO nYTeM n06e)].e, 6e3 CYMae HCTepao rpKe
H3 AcppHKe je)].HoM 3a CBa BpeMeHa. Ho nponYCTHBlIIH Ty
npHAHKY, )].a)].e BeAH3apy BpeMeHa )].a npHKYfiH HOBe CHa­
reo CYR06HlIIe ce jOlII )].BanYT Ha 60jHOM nOlbY H reAHMep
ce 60PHO BelIITO H CpqaHO, HO cpena, KOjOj je 06Hqaj MP-
BaH.oaJI.u KHM norAe)].OM o,uje)].HoM norAe)].aTH OHora KOMe ce paHHje
nopa;tceH.u 00 CMelIIHAa, 6ejame TaKO HeCKAOHa BaH)].aAHMa )].a rpII,H
FpKa. CaCeKOlIIe reAHMepOBOr 6paTa 3aHroHa H BeAHKH )].eo Te
206
6pojHe BojcKe BaH)].aACKe, a CaM reAHMep na)].e J'KHB y PYRe
HenpHjaTelbY. Ka,n:. ra H3Be)].OlIIe npe)]. II,apa JYCTHHHjaHa H
Ka,n:. yBH)].e KaKO je HaKOH Jl.YrHX ro)].HHa C BeAHKHX BHCHHa
Beceoa FeJlU­
nao y Hajropy 6e)l.y H poncTBo, Kp03 CMex peqe: .TalIITHHa Mepoea llapy
Ha,n:. TalIITHHaMa H CBe je TalIITHHa. (ITpon 1,2). EY)l.ynH )].a JycmuH.ujaH.Y·
6elIIe yqeH qOBeK H n03HaBaAaII, KAaCHqHHX H CPHA030CP­
CKHX )].eAa, O)].Max nOTOM )].o)].a,n:.e: Ja ce He qy)].HM, )].HqHH 123
II,ape, lIITO caM o,uje)].HOM H3 cpene 3anao y Hecpeny, jep
n03HaTa MH je HeCTaAHa npHpo)].a cpene KOjOj je 06Hqaj y
lIIaAH Y3)].H3aTH H pylIIHTH CMpTHHKe, HO H Te KaKO ce qy­
)].HM KaKO MH je )].0 ca,n:.a 6HAO Moryne O)].OAeBaTH :a,eHoj
npeBpTlbHBoCTH. He 6H TO 6HAO TaKO )].a HHCaM YM CBOj
CHaJ'KHHM 3aKAOHHMa onacao H )].a HHcaM Y3eo y 063HP )].a
je CBaKO Kora MajKa pO)].H nO,ll.AOJ'KaH npe3HpHHM nopyraMa
cy)].6HHe, a THM BHlIIe OHH KOjH ce HaAa3e Ha qeAY )].pJ'KaBa
H II,apCTaBa, jep lIITO ce BHlIIe HCTHqy, TO cy AaKlIIa MeTa
ae3HHHX y)].apaII,a. CTora ca,n:.a, Ka,n:.a caM H caM TO HCKY­
CHO, CMaTpaM)].a ce OHH HHCKor nOAOJ'Kaja HMajy CMaTpaTH
cpenHHjHMa 0)]. Kpa.n:.eBa, jep OCHM lIITO YJK:HBajy pelIIeHH
6pHra Koje nOBAaqe ca C060M BHCOqaHCTBO H BAaCT, y
Jl.Y6HHH )l.ylIIe, y3 )].pyre y)].06HOCTH Koje HM )].OHOCH CKpO­
MaH nOAOJ'Kaj, 3Hajy CHryPHO )].a ne, aKO HM je cpena npo­
THBHa, MaAO H3ry6HTH, jep MHoro H HeMajy. Kpa.n:.eBHMa
ce, HanpOTHB, KOjH TOAHKO Tora noce,z:r,yjy, qHHH MyqHHM C
BHCOKa nOAOJ'Kaja naCTH y Hajropy 6e)l.y, Kao lIITO MOry 3a
ce6e penH ja KOjH CaM 3anOBe)].ao BojcKaMa, rpa)].OBHMa,
nOKpajHHaMa, ycpe)]. TOAHKHX HaCAa,n:.a, YJ'KHBa:a,a H 3a)].0­
BOlbCTaBa, J'KHBenH y H306HlbY H YAHBajynH cTpaxonolIITo­
BaThe CBOjHM lbY)].HMa, )].a 6H MH He)l.yro nOTOM HeCTao qaK
H KOMa,n:. XAe6a KOjHM 6HX YTOAHO rAa,n:., cYHoep KOjHM 6HX
06pHcao cy3e H II,HTpa Koja 6H Me YTelIIHAa y MOM 60AY.
CTora ne, II,ape, KO 6y)].e pa3MaTpao TBOjy H MOjy n06eJl.Y,
Me He CMaTpaTH )].OCTOjHHjHM n06e)].HHKOM 0)]. Te6e. jep TH
CH O)].Heo n06eJl.Y Ha,n:. je)].HHM Kpa.n:.eM, lIITO CBaKO)].HeBHO H
TOAHKH )].pyrH qHHe, a ja caM O,ll.HHO n06eJl.Y Ha,n:. HHKa)]. HH
0)]. Kora n06eoeHoM cpenoM; TH CH CKPlIIHO OHor KOjH je 0)].
:a,e CKplIIeH, a ja caM 060PHO Ha TAe ThY Koja, npeM,ll.a Me
CKplIIHAa, HHje Me HnaK n06e)].HAa; TH CH ce 60PHO npoTHB
qOBeKa KOjH ce 60PHO C rAaOY, a ja npOTHB OHe Koja ce
3eMa.n:.CKor KHe3a, a ja npOTHB II,apHII,e H Kpa.n:.HII,e CBHX
)].pJ'KaBa H II,apCTaBa. A )].a je HCTHHa )].a caM je n06e)].HO,
norAe)].aj H yBepH ce )].a caM jOlII YBeK J'KHB H )].a Me HH
je)].aH :a,eH y)].apaII, HHje CpylIIHO Ha 3eMIhy , Ben ja,n:.e cBoje
nO)].HOCHM HeYCTpalIIHBor )l.yXa. ITo MOMe je paCYOHBaay
TO Bena n06e)].a 0)]. OHe KOjy CH TH Ha,n:.a MHOM O)].Heo no­
KOpHBlIIH Me, jep cBojCTBeHo je OpYJK:jy )].a n06eoyje, HO
HHje qOBeKY cBojcTBeHo, aKO HHje BHlIIe 0)]. qOBeKa, cpeny
207
 .,......
124 Ha..rUaqaTH. TeoH he, ,D.aKAe, npHnaCTH CAaBa llITO CH ceOH
nO,D.qHHHO BaH,D.aACKO Kpan.eBCTBO, a MeHH llITO caM ce
cpehH nOKopHO, npOTHB Koje hy ce yOy,D.yhe MohH cpqa­
HHje 60PHTH, jep MH HeMa BHllIe llITO O,D.y3eTH, OCHM OBora
2KHBOTa. 3HaM ja, u.ape, ,D.a TH Taj MOj 2KHBOT He }KeAHllI,
jep KHe3 BeAHKH norryT Teoe He Mopa OHTH caMO MohaH H
Heno6e,D.HB Ha op~jy, Hero HHllITa MaH>e O,D. Tora H MH­
AOCTHB. TIa qaK H Ka,D. 6H ra }KeAHO, HH Ta,D.a cpeha He 6H
MorAa pehH ,D.a Me nOOe,D.RAa y6HBllIH TeAO, aAH He H .n:yx,
KOjH je CaM no ceOH 6eCMpTaH H 3a Kojer 3HaMO ,D.a y H>eMY
nOqHBajy OHT H cyrnTHHa qOBeKOBH, 0Y,D.yhH ,D.a je OBa
CnOlhallIEbOCT Harna, Ha KOjy ce npCTOM YKa3yje, TeK ceHKa,
a He npaBa CAHKa HallIa. Ho HHje Moje ,D.a ce OOjHM npeMH­
AOCTHBora BAa,D.apa, KOjH BpAHHe cBoje yseAHKO nOKa3yje
HaKOH llITO je caBAa,D.aO HenpHjaTelha, Hero oopehH ce
npoTHB H>era. OBOM KHe3Y, ,D.aKAe, n06ebeHOM nonyT MeHe
H nOOe,D.HHKY Ha,D. cpehOM, O,D. H>e nOTAaqeHY H TAaqHTelhY
H>e3HHOM, npe,D.ajeM ce H Beh O,D. OBora TpeHyTKa npH­
3HajeM ,D.a cy Me ,D.OOpOTa H BpAHHa H>erOBa n06e,D.HAe BHllIe
HO op~je, jep OHO je CaBAa,D.aAO Moje THjeAO, a OHe .n:yx,
3axBan.yjyhH O,D.aHOCTH MOjOj rpU.HMa, qHjH caM pOO. Te
reAHMepOBe peqH H3rOBopeHe H3 ,D.yOHHe ,D.yllIe raHYllIe u.a­
pa TaKO ,D.a MY, npOMHCAHBllIH 0 HeCTaAHOCTH cpehe, BPAO
qOBeqHO O,D.roBOPH ,D.a MO}Ke OHTH MHpaH, jep ,D.a OH HMa
OOHqaj BHllIe ,D.p}KaTH ,D.O lhy,D.H BeAHKOr H IIAeMeHHTor .n:yxa
Her ,D.O 6RAO Kora u.apCTBa RAH Kpan.eBcTBa, Te ,D.a oellIe
3apaTHo C EbHMe He H3 ,D.p}KaBHHqKor CAaBOlhyOlha, Beh ,D.a
6H oqysao yrAeA PHMCKor UapCTBa H nOTBp,D.HO EberOBe
nOce,D.e. HaHMe, HaKOH n06e,D.e Ha,D. KaprarHHu.HMa, Ha,D.
KpalheBHMa CmpaKcoM H Jy60M, AcppHKa 6ejallIe OCTaAa
nOA BAallIhy PHMcKor UapCTBa, Te je XTeo ,D.a je nOTBp,D.H
Kao PHMCKY nOKpajHHY. lllTO ce naK Ebera THqe, }KaAH 300n
H>erOBe Hecpehe, a K TOMe PHMlhaHH He OHjaxy KPeHYAH
op~jeM Ha Ebera AHqHO, Hero Ha qHTaB HapO,D. BaH,D.aACKH,
KOjH y npOllIAOCTH 6ejallIe OIIlhaqKaO CHU.HAHjy H ,D.pyre
nOKPajHHe PHMCKor UapCTBa, na H caM PHM: CTora he
yqHHHTH TaKO ,D.a he, HaKO Hehe 3anOBe,D.aTH BojcKaMa H
re.nUMep 6elUe KPalheBCTBHMa, HnaK OCTaTH BAa,D.ap H CaqYBaTH Kpan.eB­
jYlialC Be.nUICe CKH nOAO}Kaj, jep ,D.a My je ~HOCT, oallI Kao H EberOBHM
xpa6pocmu. npeu.HMa , onpallITaTH nO,D.'lHEbeHHMa, a nOKopaBaTH OXO-
Ae. HaMepa My je TaKO H C EbHMe nOCTynHTH, Oy,D.yhH ,D.a ra
je yn03Hao Kao M~a no ce6H ,D.OCTojHa BHCOKor nOAO}Kaja,
125 xpaopa, CpqaHa H BeAHKHX BpAHHa, a llITO My ce H3Ha,D.
CBera CBHba, Kao qOBeKa H3BaHpe,D.He nOCTOjaHoCTH H
CHare. YTellIHBllIH ra TaKO, u.ap My nO,D.apH nOce,D.e y <l>pa­
Hu.yCKOj, a reAHMep O,D.e npey3eTH nOce,D., Te TaMO npOBe,D.e
OCTaTaK }KHBOTa. He OCTa ,D.pyre ycnoMeHe Ha BaH,D.aAe
OCHM y llInaHCKOM Kpan.eBCTBY, r,D.e ycnocTaBHllIe CBOjy
208
,D.P}KaBY H r,D.e OCTaBHllIe no ce6H, KaKO npe cnoMeHycMo, BaliOWlU
HMe BaH,D.aAy3Hja HAH AH,D.aAY3Hja. BaH,D.aAH BAa,D.axy y a.n.aoajy y
AcjJpulJ,u 200
AcpPHU.H ,D.BeCTa rO,D.HHa, a Ha KOHu.y H3YMpellIe Ha 0­
2oOulia.
nHcaHH HaqHH. HeMa, HaHMe, TaKO MonHe ,D.p}KaBe HAM
u.apCTBa TaKO nocTojaHor H cmypHor Ha OBOMe cBeTY, ,D.a
He OH ORAO nO,D.AO:>KHO XHlha,D.aMa HeBOlha HAH Hecpena.
KHp, KOjH HeKa,D. BAa,D.allIe TIepcHjaHu.HMa, MebaHHMa H
X8A,ll;eju.HMa, HaKOH llITO oejallIe npOKpCTapHO BeAHKHM
,D.eAOM A3Hje, OIIlhaqKaO je H OCBOjHO Her,D.allIH>H YKpac
A3Hje rpa,D. BaBHAOH, Ha Kpajy ce cyK06H y 60jy C To­
MHPOM, }KeHOM MacareTCKor pO,D.a, na ,D.aKAe cAoBeHcKor, y
qeMY ra y3 BeAHKY cpaMoTY HanYCTH cpena. XaHH6aA Kap­
TarHH>aHHH, oCBajaq qHTaBe AcppHKe, HaKOH TOAHKHX no-
6e,D.a Ha,D. H6epHMa H KeATHMa, HaKOH npeopobeHHx TellI­
Koha Ha AneHHHHMa H HaKOH qy,D.eCHHX nOOe,D.a Ha,D. PHM­
lhaHHMa, He)J.yro nOTOM He O,D.OAe HaBaAH je,D.HOra pHMCKor
BojcKoBobe, H TO Y BAacTHToj ,D.OMOBHHH; nOTnYHO nopa­
}KeH, AYTallIe H3 nporOHCTBa y nporoHcTBO HAH, ,D.pyrHM
peqHMa, cpeha ce OKPyTHO nOHrpa C H>HMe. BeAHKH KOH3YA
H u.ap PHMCKH TIoMnej. npOKpCTapHBllIH y n06e,D.OHOCHOM
op~aHOM noxo,D.y qHTaBY A3Hjy CBe ,D.O KaBKaCKHX AHTHu.a
H ,D.O KacnHjcKor Mopa, nOKopHBllIH MHore HapO,D.e H yBe­
AHKO oooraTHBllIH rpa,D. PHM, Ha Kpajy npeTpnH nopa3 O,D.
HeBeAHKe BojcKe H H3ry6H CBY CBOjy cAaBy. TaKo H Taj
reAHMep 0 KOMe rOBopHMO, OCBeTAaBllIH He,D.yro npe Tora
cBoje HMe MHorHM, llITaBHllIe 6e36pojHHM no.n:yxBaTHMa,
Ca,D. npHTHcHyT 3AOM cpehOM 6e3 CAaBe noqHBa. M3 Tora ce
MO}Ke H3ByhH 3aHCTa pe,D.aK npHMep 3a onOMeHY qOBeKY
,D.a ce He nOY3,D.aje Y CBOjy ,D.OOPY cpehy, jep BH,D.HMO KaKO
npona,D.ajy H H3yMHpy TaKO Y3BHllIeHa u.apCTBa KM ce
cpeha npeCTaHe CMHellIHTH, Kao llITO YMe y CaMO je,D.HOM
,D.aHY, 3a caT BpeMeHa HAM y TpeHY OKpeHYTH Aeba CMPT­
HHu.HMa. TH BaH,D.aAH, HapaBHO, 6ejaxy TaKO OKpyTHH H
}KeCTOKH, ,D.a pHMCKa UpKBa (KaKO nHllIe AAeKCaH,D.ap rBa­
EbHH y CBOjOj CapMaTHjH) 6ellIe yseAa y AHTaHHje CTHX: "O,D.
PuMCK.a lJ,pICBa
BaH,D.aAa OCA060,D.H Hac rOcnO,D.e" . Eejaxy OCHM Tora npeKO MOJlU Boza 3a
rOTa 3arpOBaHH apHjaHcKHM KpHBoBepjeM, 300r qera YBeK cnacoo
C He)'MOlhHBollIhy nporaH>axy KaTOAHKe, C KaKBOM OKPYT­ olCpymliocmu
BalioQJlQ.
HOllIhy nocrynaxy C H>HMa O,D.AHqHO je onHcao BHKTOP BH­
126
TeHCHC, OHCKYn YTH"Ie. TIHllIe KapAO H3 BarpHeHa y 3.
KEbH3H ,D.a BaH,D.aAH y CBOM He3Ha60llITBY 060}KaBaxy HCTe
OHe H,D.OAe Koje nOllITOBaxy H ,D.pyrH BeHe,D.CKH HAH CAOBeH­
B a IiOOJl.C/cu
CKH HapO,D.H. EejallIe HM TaKO 06Hqaj npH CKAanaEbY npH­
o6peou npu
MHpja HAH MHpa C HenpHjaTelheM nOCAaTH CBora H3aCAa­ ClCJlana1hY
HHKa, KOjH 6H Y3eo KaMeH y PYKY H 6au.HO ra y BO,D.y, ro­ Mupa.
BopehH ,D.a HeKa TaKO norHHe YTonHBllIH ce oHaj KOjH H3­
HeBepH 3a,D.aTY peq, KOjy BaH,D.aAH nOllIToBaxy 6e3 O,D.cry­
naEba. Ka,D.a H y KOjHM CBe nOKpajHHaMa YTeMelhHllIe cBoja
209
 r
I
HaceIba HHje MH HaMepa OB)):e HaBO)):HTH, jep npe)):aH ··mTa­
Aau MO}Ke CBe TO npOHanH KO)): BOAcPraHra i\aua y Ihero­
BOM )):eAY 0 ce06aMa Hapo)):a, Kao H y MjHexoBHTHHoj Cap­
MaTHjH H y LIelllKoj HCTOPHjH EHeje CHABHja, 3aTHM y
EjOH)):OBOj 8. KlhH3H I. LleKa)l:e, y Op03HjeBY 38. H 41. no­
rAaBIbY 7. KlhHI'e, Y 13. H 14. KlhH3H IlaBAa 1)aKoHa, y
BaH)):aAHjH H CacKoj KpaHuoBoj, y 1. H 3. KlhH3H pacnpaBe
o fepMaHHjH EeaTyca PeHallYCa, Kao H y 25. norAaBIbY 6.
KlhHI'e EI'3ere3e 0 fepMaHHjH <ppaHUHCKa I1peHHKYCa. CBH
OHH onlllHpHo nHcaxy 0 BaH)):aAHMa, 0)): KOjHX nOTeqe H
BaH.Oa.n oHaj BeAHKH CTHAHKOH, KojeM 3601' CpqaHOCTH lherOBe Uap
CmUAUIWH.
sem l!,apee.
Teo)):ocHje )):a)l:e 3a }KellY je)):llY CBOjy Kliep, a HaKOH CMpTH
OCTaBH 3ana)l:HO UapCTBO Ha CTapaae lheMY H CHllY CBOMe
XOHOPHjy, 0)): qHje PYKe CTHAHKOHa 3aTHM 3601' Aa}!{HHX
onTy}K6H cycTHrHY HenpaBe)):Ha CMpT Ha HaroBop aeroBHx
HenpHjaTeIba. CBe)):OqH 0 TOMe H rpqKH aYTop 30CHM y 5.
KlhH3H, r)):e OBHM peqHMa npHnoBe)):a 0 TOMe: OAHMnHje
nOpeKAOM C UpHor Mopa, qOBeK onaK, y CBOjOj nOXAenH 3a
BHCOKHM nOAO}KajeM H y MP}KIhH npeMa BaHJl:MY CTHAH­
KOHY HenpaBe)):HO ra onTYJKH H OKAeBeTa KO)): XOHopHja.
Ho HH TO My He 6ellle )):OCTa, Te HaCTaBH CnAeTKapHTH KO)):
uapa npOTHB CTHAHKOHa. Ka)l: ce 3aTeqe y PaBeHH, XOHO­
pHje Hape)):H )):a ra nory6e, a 3anpaBo OAHMnHje, KOjH y
uapeBo HMe nHCMeHO HMO}KH BOjHHUHMa y PaBeHH )):a ra
y6Hjy. Ka)l: BOjHHUH npHCTy1IHllle H3BplllelhY HMora, YCTa
Ha IhHX BeAHKO MHOlllTBO BaH)):Ma H CTHAHKOHOBe pO)):-
BeUle H.enpa­
6HHe ca HaMepoM )):a HX CBe n06Hjy, HO CTHAHKOH HX 3a­
eeOH.O ocytJeH.
H.a CMpm.
YCTaBH 3anpeTHBlllH HM y XOHopHjeBo HMe. 3HajynH )):a He
6ellle HHqHM yspe)):HO HH uapa HH lherOBY BOjCKY, cBoje­
BOIbHO CTaBH BpaT no)): Maq. Taj qOBeK, CTBapHO HajqeCTH-
THjH H HajcKpoMHHjH 0)): CBHX )):ocTojaHCTBeHHKa OHor Bpe­
1.:n MeHa, 6H y6HjeH 22. cenTeM6pa 0)): PYKe XepaKAHjaHoBe,<
KOMe 3a Harp~ 6ellle )):aT nOAO}Kaj KOjH npHna)):allle Ea­
TaHapy, My*y CTHAHKoHoBe ceCTpe H 3anoBe)):HHKY BOjHHX
je)):HHHua y i\H6HjH. HaKoH CTHAHKOHOBe CMPTH, OAHMnH­
je H XOHopHje CTaBHllle Ha MYKe MHore lheroBe npHjaTeIbe
H pol)aKe, He 6H AH )):03HaAH )):a AH je OH cnAeTKapHO HAH
KOBao 3aBepe npOTHB uapa, HO HHKa)l:a HHTKO 0)): IhHX,
npeM)):a H3MYQeH)):0 CMPTH, He peqe HH peqH npOTHB CTH­
I Bope ce ZOJl.U.
AHKOHa. TaKO npHnOBe)):a 30CHM. Ho CTHAHKOHOBa HeBH­
HOCT H BpAHHe lheroBe H3alJollle Ha BH)):eAO TeK HaKOH
CMPTH, jep TeK lllTO HanyCTH oBaj CBeT, CBe KpellY AOllle no
PHMCKO UapCTBO, Kao lllTO ce MO}Ke BH)):eTH KO)): aYTopa
BypeyH.Ou
KOjH 06pa)l:Hllle OHOBpeMeHa 36HBaaa. 0)): BaH)):Ma nOTe­
CJl.oeeH.u. KOllle H EYPryH)):H. Kao lllTO yonlllTeHO TBp)):e aYTopH, Mel)y
KojHMa H MjexoBHTa, Ka)l: y 1. KlhH3H, nOrAaBIbY 12. Ka}!{e:
CAoBeHH KOjH 6ejaxy OTHIllAH Ha ceBep ojaqallle H Ha­
MHO}KHllle ce TaKo)):a npenAaBHllle roplhy IloIbcKY, illAeCKY
210
H BaH)):aAHjy, O)):HOCHO )):eo IloIbcKe Ha peUH BaMM, )):a­ BypeyH.Ou,
Hac BHCAH. l1CnyHHllle TaKol)e IloMepaHHjy, Kallly6Hjy H OaH.ac
)):eo 06Me fepMaHcKor Mopa )):aHac 06yxsaneH noce)):HMa BypeoH:>lJ,u,
np03eaH.U
MapKH3a 0)): i\H6eKa H POlllTOKa, na CBe )):0 BeCTcPMHje. malW npeJIitQ
Y3ellle pa3AHqHTa HMeHa, Ben npeMa MeCTHMa y KojHMa ce '6poeu'.
HaCTaHHllle. OHH KOjH ce 3aYCTaBHllle Ha peUH CBeBO Ha­
3Ballle ce CBeBHMa, )):OK ce )):pyrH np03Ballle EypryHMMa
npeMa peqH Koja Ha IhHXOBY nOIbCKOM HAH CAOBeHCKOM
je3HKY 03HaqaBa KYne, a 3BYQH 6porH. LlolllaBlllH ca ce­
Bepa IhHX OCaM)):eceT xHIba)):a (KaKo nHllle <PHAHn H3 Eep­
raMa y LlonyHaMa), 3aY3ellle 06Me PajHe, HO OKTaBHja­
HOBH HenaUH LlpY3 H TH6epHje npHCHAHllle HX, KaKO nHllle
Op03Hje, )):a ce BpaTe y npB06HTHa 60paBHlllTa. Ka)l: LlpY3
KOHaqHO npel)e peKY i\a6y H cyK06H ce ca CBeBHMa H Eyp­
ryHMMa, o)):Hece Ha)l: IhHMa KpBaBy n06eJl:Y. HelllTo Kac­
HHje, 3a BpeMe BAa)l:aBHHe uapa BMeHTHHHjaHa (Kao lllTO
ce BH)):H KO)): Op03Hja H <PHAHna H3 EepraMa), EYPryH)):H
nOHOBHO KpeHYllle ca ceBepa, H3alllaBlllH H3 3eMIbe BHH)):e­
AHKa, 3aTHM npel)ollle peKY PollY H HalllaBlllH y OHHM Kpa­
jeBHMa MHpHa npe6HBaAHlllTa, 3ayCTaBHllle ce TaMO H qH­
TaBOM Kpajy )):a)l:Ollle no ce6H HMe EypryH)):Hja.
BepAe, KaKO peKocMo, )):pyrH HCKpHBIbeHo 30BY Xe­
CJl.oeeH.U
pYAHMa HAH XepKYAHMa. Taj CAOBeHCKH Hapo)):, KpeHyslllH
Bepnu cmWICY
H3 CKaMHHaBHje, CTH}Ke CBe )):0 MOqBape 3a6aKa, r)):e 00 MO"4.eape
npHcBojH CBe AaQe Koje 3aTeKHe Ha TaMOllllhHM 06MaMa, 3a6ax:a.
Te caCTaBHBlllH 0)): IhHX BeAHKY cPAOTy npelJe BeAHKO Mope 3ay3Myzpao
BusaH.m.
H 3aY3e I'pa)l: BH3aHT, nOTOM Ha3BaH KOHCTaHTHHonOIb.
128
IlpelllaBlllH y A3Hjy (KaKO nHllle IljeTPO MapueAO), }KapenH lIycmoUle
H nMenH onYCTOlllHllle HeKOAHKO PHMCKHX nOKpajHHa, a Asujy.
HapOqHTO <ppHrHjy, r)):e YHHlllTHllle l1AHj, HeKa)l:a TpojaH­ YH.UUlme mep­
1Jaey HAuj.
CKY TBpl)aBY Koja je CBe )):0 Ta)l:a ycnpaBHO CTajaAa. CBe ce
TO )):orO)):H 3a BpeMe BAa)l:aBHHe uapa BMepHjaHa, Ka)l:
BepAH KpuaTH nAeHOM H )):paroueHOCTHMa nOHOBHO npe­
nAOBHllle BeAHKO Mope H YTeMeIbHllle cBoja HaceIba Ha Lly­ 3aycmaee ce
HaBy. KaKO nHllle IlpoKonHje, IlaBAe 1)aKOH y 20. nOrAaB­ H.aAYH.aey.
Iby 1. KH>Hre, Kao H Xepo)):HjaH Y 3. KlhH3H, 6ejaxy OHH Bp­
11.0 H3Be}K6aHH y paTHHM BelllTHHaMa, a nOCTaBlllH n03Ha­
TH no BeAHKHM H KpBaBHM nOKOIbHMa Ha)l: pa3HHM Hapo­
)):HMa H }KeAenH nOKa3aTH KOAHKO OMMoBa}!{aBajy npoTHB­
(
HHKe, 60pHllle ce rOAH nOKpHBajynH caMO CTH)):Ha MeCTa.
Eejaxy TaKol)e BpAO OXOAH H CMeAH, ysepeHH KaKO HM
HHKO )):pyrH HHje paBaH y BOjHOj BelllTHHH H CHa3H. 3ay­
3ay3My
3eBlllH npBO i\H6ypHHjy, a 3aTHM H LlaAMaUHjy y )):06a ua­
Au6YPH.ujy U
pa AHaCTacHja, BHllle ce nyTa yxsaTHllle C IhHM Y KOlllTau AaJl.MalJ,ujy.
H 3a)l:allle BeAHKe MYKe PHMIbaHHMa HaCTalheHHM y Ila­
HOHHjH. CaBAa)l:allle HCTO TaKO H i\aHro6ap)):e H CBe )):pyre Haoja"4.ajy
AaH.Z06apoe.
cBoje paT060pHe cyce)):e. He HaHlllaBlllH HH Ha Kora (KaKo
nHllle IlpoKonHje y 2. KlhH3H fOTHMa) KO 6H HM ce Morao
211
 o.nyrrpeTH, O)J,AO)KHIIle OppKje H MHpOBaIIle TpH ro,n:HHe,
I
rrpHCTa ,n:a y,n:OBOlbH lhHXOBOM 3axTeBY. Ho He rrpol)e MHoro
IIlTO H 6eIIle Y3POK lhHXOBe rrpOrraCTH. HaHMe, OHaKO ,n:o­
KOHH rOTOBO caCBHM H3ry6HIIle BOjHY ,n:Hcu.HrrAHHY, a rro
CBOM o6WIajy rro,n:u.elhyjyhH HerrpHjaTelba, rrpeTprreIIle rro­
pa3 y 6op6H C AaHro6ap,n:HMa. BH,n:oMap HAH BH,n:HMHP,
KpaJb BepJla ,n:pyrH Kpalh BepAa, BAa,n:ajyhH Ha rpaHHu.aMa .llaAMau.Hje,
cmaeu lia CTaBH Ha MyKe CB. MaKCHMa ca jOIIl 40 xpHIIlhaHa. CBe­
MyK:e Ce.
MaK:CU.Ma.
BAa,n:, o,n: ,n:pyrHx 3BaH CHH.nyBaA,n:, TpehH lhHXOB Kpalh,
rrpHCKO'IH y rroMoh Hapcecy y 6op6H rrpoTHB fOTa H rrpo­
CAaBH ce jYHaIIlTBoM. BepAecKe cy )KeHe TaKol)e CAaBlbeHe
BepJlcK:e JKelie Kao BH'IHe 0ppKjy. 3aje,n:Ho C MY)KeBHMa HIIlAe cy Ha He­
6ejaxy xpa6pu
pamliu/&u.
rrpHjaTelba, a Ka,n: je,n:HoM rrpeTprreIIle rropa3 o,n: PHMlbaHa,
rrpeKopaBaxy MpKeBe rroKa3yjyhH HM rrpcToM Ha PHMlbaHe
H rOBopehH KaKO cy ce rrop~eHH o,n: lby,n:H HH)KHX o,n: ce6e.
TIpe HO IIlTO rrpHCTyrrHIIle XPHCTy, BepoBaxy ,n:a je 6oroBa
,4peelia eepa
MHOro, Te HMaxy CBeIIlTeHHKe H MHore 3aKOHe H o6pe,n:e
BepJla.
caCBHM pa3AH'IHTe o,n: ,n:pyrHx Hapo,n:a. 113Mel)y OCTaAHX rro­
3HaTHX lhHXOBHX 06H'Iaja, 6eIIle Ty oHaj Ka,n: 6H HeKO 6HO
Ha CaMpTH y .ny60KOj cTapoCTH HAH rrorol)eH 6oAeIIlhy; aKO
6H yqeHH lby,n:H KOjH ce pa3YMHjy y AeKapcKY BeIIlTHHY
peKAR ,n:a he y6p30 o,n: Te 60AecTH yMpeTH, rrOAO)KHAH 6H ra
129 Ha xprry ,n:pBa H rrOCAaAH je,n:Hor BepAa ,n:a ra YCMpTH.
O,n:Max 6H HaKOH Tora po,n:6HHa rroKojHHKoBa rrOTrraAHAa
,n:pBa H CrraAHAa AeIIl, a y,n:OBHU.a 6H ce y CAaBY H 'IaCT
MpKy o6ecHAa 0 BpaTa rroKpaj lheroBa rrerreAa. AKO KOjHM
cAyqajeM HeKa )KeHa He 6H TaKO yqHHHAa, rraAa 6H lbara Ha
lhy. TIpHrpAHIIle xpHIIlhaHCKY Bepy 3a BpeMe BAa,n:aBHHe
BepJlu npuzPJle
Kpalha lhHXOBa fpaTa, KOjH y rroxo.ny u.apy JYCTHHHjaHY y
xpuwnalicK:Y
eepy. KOHCTaHTHHorrOlbY rrpHMH CBeTO KpIIlTelhe 3aje,n:HO ca
CBOjHM lby,n:HMa. KaKO He 6ejaxy jOIIl YBeK caCBHM BH'IHH
HaYKY HOBe Bepe, MeIIlaxy MHore rroraHCKe 06H'Iaje C
xpHIIlhaHCKHM. )KeAH AH ce CAY'IajHo HeKO ,n:eTalhHHje yrro..::
3HaTH C HCTOPHjOM Tor Hapo,n:a, HeKe BH,n:H KO,n: TIpoKorrHja
H3 Ue3apeje y 2. KlhH3H 0 fOTHMa, a MH heMO, yrryTHBIIlH
peBHocHor 'IHTaou.a Ha rrHcalhe Tor ayTopa, rrpehH Ha
HCTOPHjy ABapa, 3a Koje CMO paHHje rrOKa3aAH ,n:a cy 6HAH
Hapo,n: CAOBeHCKH, a KOjH, KaKO rrHIIle OTOH <l>pH)KaHHH y
Aeapu eyK:y 11. KlhH3H, rrorAaBlbY 21, rrOTeKOIIle o,n: ferrH,n:a. 1.J:eCTo ce
nopeK:Jlo 00 OHH YXBaTHIIle y KOIIlTau. C PHMCKHM u.apeBHMa, a Ha­
renuoa.
PO'IHTO C u.apeM MaspHKHjeM, KOjH HM, ,n:a 6H OCTao y
MHpy C lhHMa, rrAahaIIle ro,n:HIIllhH ,n:aHaK, Kao IIlTO ce BH­
,n:H KO,n: TIaBAa 1)aKoHa y 17. KlhH3H, r,n:e H3A~hH MaB­
pHKHjeBY 6Horpaq:mjy Taj ayTop OBaKO rrHIIle: AeTa foc­
rro,n:lhera 577. 3a BpeMe BAa,n:aBHHe MaBpHKHja H He.nyro
rrOIIlTO cy rrOKOpHAH IIAeMeHHTH eBporrcKH rpa,n: CHPMHYM,
06aee3yjy
ABapH rrOCAaIIle u.apy cBoje H3aCAaHHKe ca 3axTeBoM 3a
PUMCK:OZ /&apa
lia nJtanalUe yo6H'IajeHHX ro,n:HIIllhHX ocaM,n:eceT XHlba,n:a 3AaTHHKa H 3a
oaliK:a. ,n:o,n:aTHHX ,n:Ba,n:eceT XHlba,n:a. Y )KelbH ,n:a 3a,n:P)KH MHP, u.ap
212
BpeMeHa, a aBapcKH Kpalh XaKaH rrOHOBHO rrOCAa 3axTeB
,n:a My ce rrpH,n:o,n:a jOIIl CTO XHlba,n:a 3AaTHHKa. Ka,n: My HX
HanaoliY
u.ap o,n:6H HCIIAaTHTH, XaKaH pa30pH rpa,n: CHHrH.nyHYM H J1JlUPUK:.
3aY3e MHore ,n:pyre HAHpCKe rpa,n:oBe, HaKOH 'Iera u.ap rrpe­
KO EArrH,n:Hja IIAeMHha H KOMeHu.HoAa CKAOrrH MHp C aBap­
CKHM KpalheM. Ho He rroTpaja TO .nyro, Ka,n: XaKaH rrOHOBHO
pacKHHy MHp C MaBpHKHjeM H HaoppKa CAOBeHCKe Hapo,n:e
rrpOTHB TpaKHje, ,n:a 6H 3aTHM rrpo,n:pAH CBe ,n:o AOHreMype
HaHocehH BeAHKe IIlTeTe. Uap 3a TO BpeMe rrOCAa cBoje
paTHHKe C ,n:Bopa H Hapo,n: H3 rpa,n:a y o,n:6paHY AOHreMypa,
a 3a BOjCKOBOl)y rrOCTaBH KOMeHu.HOAa, Te ra HaoppKa H
rrOCAa rrpOTHB BapBapa. YXBaTHBIIlH ce y KOIIlTau. C He­
rrpHjaTelbHMa, KOMeHu.HOA HX rrpOTHBHO O'IeKHBalhHMa
pa36H, rro6HBIIlH HX MHoro, a ,n:pyre HaTepaBIIlH y 6eKCTBO.
Ho ce,n:aMHaeCTe ro,n:HHe BAa,n:aBHHe MaBpHKHjeBe, XaKaH
OKYrrH cBoje lby,n:e H y CHAHOj japocTH Harra,n:e .llaAMaU.Hjy, 130
Te rrpHcrreBIIlH y BaAKa pa30pH 'IeTp,n:eceT OKOAHHX rpa­ Yliuwmu
,n:OBa. TH ABapH HaCTalhaBaxy ,n:Olhy TIaHoHHjy, o,n:aKAe ce Ltempoecem
zpaooea.
rrpeMeCTHIIle y BaBapCKY. Bejaxy BeAHKH rrpHjaTelbH
.llaAMaTHHau.a KojHMa rrpHCKO'IHIIle y rroMoh rrpOTHB Cacao
OrraT Bypxap,n: H3 Yepcrrepra rrHIIle y TIopeKAY Caca 0 TOMe
KaKO XeHpHK, CHH caCKor BojBo,n:e OTOHa, OKYrrHBIIlH IIpe6uea­
Jluwme Aeapa
BeAHKY BOjCKY rrOBe,n:e .nyry 6op6y C .llaAMaTHHu.HMa KOjH, u npujameJb­
He MoraBIIlH My ce ,n:alhe o.nyrrHpaTH, HaBe,n:OIIle rrpOTHB cmeo c,4QJl­
lhera ABape KOjH My ce xpa6po cyrrpoTcTaBHIIle. Ho ,n:py­ MamUIi/&UMa.
rOM rrpHAHKOM, Ka,n: ABapH XTe,n:OIIle rrpo,n:peTH y CacKY C
CaCK:u eojeooa
BeAHKHM CHaraMa, lhHXOBH rrpHjaTelbH .llaAMaTHHu.H AOIIle pamyje C ,4QJl­
rroCTyrrHIIle C lhHMa. HaHMe, rrpOAa3ehH Kp03 .llaAMaU.Hjy, MamUIi/&UMa.
aBapCKa BojcKa 3aMOAH .llaAMaTHHu.e Kao CTape rrpHjaTelbe
3a rroMoh, HO OHH HM, 3HajyhH ,n:a H.ny y CacKY H ,n:a cy
CaCH rrpHrrpaBHH Ha 6op6y C lhHMa, YMeCTO ,n:apOBa 6au.H­
IIle MaCHor rrca. ABapH, yBH,n:eBIIlH ,n:a HHje BpeMe 3a oc­
BeTY, Kao o,n:rOBOp Ha yBpe.ny He yqHHHIIle HHIIlTa ,n:pyro
OCHM IIlTO y3 CMex rro,n:HroIIle rAac rrpOTHB ,n:aAMaTHHCKHX
rrpHjaTelba. TIeTap Kpy36ep y 5. KlhH3H, Kao H BHTHKHH,n:
XOAaHl)aHHH o6pa,n:HIIle BpAO orrIIlHpHO HCTOPHjy H ycrrexe
ABapa, crroMHlhyhH TaKol)e H AAaHe. OBH rrOCAe,n:lhH, Ha­
rrYCTHBIIlH CKaH,n:HHaBHjy, 3aje,n:HH'IKY ,n:OMOBHHY CBHX
CJloeeliu AJta­
CAoBeHa, rro,n:eAHIIle ce Ha ,n:Ba ,n:eAa: je,n:aH ,n:eo o,n:e y A3Hjy, liU ce nooeJle.
a TIToAeMej HX CMeIIlTa KO,n: XHrrep60pejcKHx ropa, ,n:aHac
3BaHHX TaTapcKHM, KaKO rrHIIle EHea CHABHO; ,n:pyrH y,n:py­
)KeHH C BaH,n:aAHMa H ByprYH,n:HMa rrpOTepaIIle <l>paHKe. IIpomepajy
cfJpaliK:e.
TIToAeMej HX y 111. KlhH3H Ha3HBa CKHTHMa, r,n:e K~e ,n:a
ce OHH KOjH ce HaAa3e .ny6lbe y YHYTpaIIllhocTH 30BY CKH­
THMa AMaco6HMa H AAaHHMa. JYAHje KarrHToAHjcKH HX y
6Horpaq:mjH AHToHHHa TIHja y6paja Mel)y .lla'IaHe. TIpeMa
Jop,n:aHecy H TIpoKorrHjy, Mel)YTHM, rrpe 6H HX Tpe6aAo
213
 ~
An.aHu ZOBOpe 3BaTH rOTHMa, jep npOKonHje y 1. KlbH3H 0 BaH,naAHMa H
ucmUMjesu- Ha ,npyrHM MeCTHMa KffiKe ,na OHH H rOTH HMaxy 3aje,n­
/CaM. /Cao romu. HHqKH je3HK. AMHjaH MapneAHH y 3. KlbH3H r,ne cnOMHlbe
MaHe H lbHXOBa npe6HBaAHIIITa, OBaKO nHIlle: Ha ,npyroj
CTpaHH (KffiKe OH) y 6AH3HHH 3eMlbe aMa30HCKe HaAa3e ce
rae UM oejawe HCToqHH MaRH, no,nelbeHH Ha MHOre Hapo,ne, a 3eMlbe HM
cmaH. ce Ha a3HjcKY CTpaRY npOTeJKY CBe ,no peKe raRreca Koja
,neAH I1H,nHjy H YAHBa ce Y JYJKHO Mope. nO,nelbeHH cy
,naKAe TH MaRH C je,nHora Ha ,npyrH Kpaj CBeTa, a pa3HH
Hapo,nH KOjH HM npHna,najy H Koje je CyBHIIIHO Ha6pajaTH
npocTHpy ce roAeMHM no,npyqjHMa (nonYT HOMa,na), HO CBH
ce 30BY MaHHMa H 06HqajH H HaqHH :lKHBOTa cy HM CBHMa
131 3aje,nHHqKH. HeMajy, HaHMe, HH KOAH6e HH KYne H He
o6pal)yjy 3eMlbY, Ben 2KHBe o,n Meca H o6H1ba MAeKa, a CTaR
cy HM KOAa Koja nOKpHBajy H3.ny6lbeHHM KopaMa cTa6aAa
H Koja B03e HenperAe,nHHM nYCTHM nOlbHMa. Ka,na ,nOOy ,no
naIlllbaKa, pacnope,ne ce y Kpyr H je.ny Ha THM CBOjHM KO­
AHMa nonyT 2KHBOTHlba, na Ka,n cy nojeAH CBY XPaRY, Kpe­
)f(uBomAn.afia HY nOHOBHO Ha nyT, Kao,na cy HM rpa,noBH Ha KOAHMa. Ha
lbHMa ce MYIIIKapnH 3,nPYJKYjy ca 2KeHaMa, Ha KOAHMa
2KeHe paoajy H OTXPalbyjy ce ,nena, a KY,na ro,n ,na KpeHY
cMaTpajy ce y CBojoj 3eMlbH. I1Majy o6H1be Kp,na H CTa,na 3a
naIIIY, Koja H.ny npe,n lbHMa KY,na ro,n ,na KpeHY. 06HAyjy
KOlbHMa, jep ,np2Ke ,no lhHX BHIlle HO ,no 6HAO Koje ,npyre
2KHBOTHlhe. Y THM cy KpajeBHMa nOlba yBeK TpaBHaTa H
ITAo,nHa, Te KY,nro,n nOIIIAH He OCKY,neBajy HH TpaBOM HH
ITAo,nOBHMa 3a xpaHy. Pa3Aor je TOMe ITAO,nHO TAO H o6H1be
peKa Koje ra HaTanajy. MHOIIITBO HeynocAeHHX CTOjH yOKO­
AO OHHX KOAa, o6aBlbajy He3HaTHe nOCAOBe H nOBepeHe cy
HM MaAe HAaKe 3a,nane. MAa,ne2K Bje2K6a jaxalbe, jep npe­
3Hpy neIllaqelbe. CBH cy no.Dje,nHaKO O,nAHqHH paTHHnH, a
roTOBO CBH cy KpynHa CTaca, AenHX npTa AHna, npOCeqHO
ITAaBOKOCH H npo,nopHa norAe,na; OCHM Tora cy BpAO 6p3H,
a no CBeMY cy je,nHaKH XyHHMa, OCHM IllTO cy KPOTKHjH H
ylbyoeHHjH IIITO ce THqe HCXpaRe H o,nene. Y AOBY ,nOAa3e
CBe ,no MOqBape MeOTH,n, ,no TeCHana Boccpopa TpaqKOr,
,no ApMeHHje H Me,nHje. TaKo KaKO cy MHpHHM lbYAHMa
An.aHU
JOyoume.Jbu H3Ha,n CBera ,nparH O,nMOP H ,nOKOAHna, TaKO lbHX
pamOBalt:>a. npHBAaqe onaCHOCTH H paToBalhe, a cpenHHM cMaTpajy
OHora TKO norHHe y 6ojy, ,nOK OHe KOjH yMpy o,n CTapOCTH
HAM KaKBe ,npyre HeBOlbe KY,ne ,na cy KYKaBHne H Aelhqyre,
Te HeMa TOra IIITO XBaAe BHIlle o,n norHHYAor qOBeKa.
YMeCTO 60raTor ITAeHa, O,npy6lbyjy rAaBe MpTBHM HenpH­
jaTelbHMa H ,nepy HM KOJKY KOjy 3aTHM CTaBlbajy Ha cBoje
KOlbe 3a 6op6y H C lbHMa O,llAa3e y 6oj. HeMa y lbHX HH np­
KBe, HH xpaMa, HH KOAH6e, HHTH HKaKBe Hajja,nHHje rpa­
OOo:J/Caeajy oeBHHe, Hero H3BYKaBIIIH MaqeBe H3 KOpHna H n03a6HjaB­
.Matt. IIIH HX OHaKO roAe y 3eMlbY, 0602KaBajy HX Kao 60ra Mapca
214
3a Kora Bepyjy ,na je BAa,nap KpajeBa KojHMa ce Kpeny. 'ly­
,necHo je lbHXOBO n03HaBalhe 6y.nynHOCTH; CKYTIlbajy HaHMe
HeKe paBHe npYTHne H y o,npeoeHOM HX TpeHyTKY o,npe­
IIIHBIIIH HX y3 Bpaqalha, caCBHM jacHo ,no3Hajy IIITO ne ce 132
36HTH. He 3Hajy IIITa je poncTBo, C 063HpOM ,na cy CBH He3Hajy wma
CAaBHora po,na. JOIll H ,naHac 6Hpajy cBoje cTapeIIIHHe H je poncmBo.
cy,nHje MeOY MY2KeBHMa HCKYCHHM H oCTapeAHMa y paTY.
,lloB,ne roBOpH AMHjaH MapneAHH 0 MaHHMa. Y ,naBHa An.aHu
BpeMeHa (npeMa H3BeIIITajHMa JocHnoBHM y 7. KlbH3H jy­ Hanaaajy
,nejcKHM paToBHMa) MaHH, HanycTHBIIIH 3aBHqaj, Hana,no­ llaJl£CmuHY,
Ille naAeCTHHY, ErHnaT H Jy,nejy H OKPYTHO HX yHHIIITHIlle. Ezunam U
Jyoejy.
3aTHM y ,no6a napa Becna3HjaHa (KaKo ce qHTa KO,n BOT­
TepHja y 1. KlbH3H 0 EBponH), Ka,n HM xHpKaHcKH Kpalb
OTBOPH npoAa3 Kp03 KacnHjcKa BpaTa, noxapaIIIe Me,nHjy Y pUMC/COj
H ApMeHHjy. HeIIITo KacHHje nOCTaIlle ITAaneHHnH y CAY2K­ BOjeyU cme/cHY
C.JlaBy .
6H PHMlbaHa H CTeKOIlle TaKO yrAe,n H CAaBY KaO CpqaHH
paTHHnH. Bejaxy OHH (KffiKe AMHjaH y 31. KlhH3H) jyaanH
O,nBa2KHH Ha OPY2Kjy H CHa2KHH, KOjH 6H CTapoCT ,nOqeKaAH romu,
paTYjynH. Ka,n rOTH YBH,neIlle ,na He MOry ynH y TpaKHjy 3axBaJbyjyhu
ynPKOC MHOro6pojHHM nOKYIIIajHMa, Ha Kpajy 6exy npHCH­ An.aHU.Ma, YDY
lbeHH n03BaTH y nOMon MaRe KOjH, Ha,najynH ce ITAeHY, y Tpa/Cujy.
npHcTaIlle H ycneIlle y TOMe. UapeBH ,lloMHnHjaR H TpajaH An.aHu <!ecmo
Bo,nHIlle MHore paTOBe C MaHHMa, a OBH 3a BpeMe BAa,na­ pamyjy c PUM­
CICUM lj,apeBu­
BHHe napa ,llenHja OCBojHIlle KOHCTaHTHHonolb. He MoraB­ .Ma U ocoBoje
IIIH HHKaKO Ha.DjaqaTH Taj Hapo,n, nap Xa,npHjaH (KaKO KOHcmaHmu­
nHIlle onaT H3 npYMa y 5. KlhH3H, norAaBlbY 9) no6e,ne HX nonoJO.
,napoBHMa, a HCTO TO yqHHH H nap rpanHjaH, Kao IIITO ce An.aHu nooeae
BH,nH KO,n naBAa 1)aKoHa y 11. KlbH3H. Ho y HaCTojalbY ,na lJapa rop­
HX no6e,nH OPY2KjeM, nap rOp,nHjaH OCTa nopffiKeH. Uap dujaHa.
BaAeHTHHHjaH, naK, He MoraBIIIH HX no6e,nHTH, H3,na npo­ BaneHmuHuja
rAac (KaKO nHIlle neTpH CYCPCPPH,nH) KOjHM OHHMa KOjH 6H H08lj,apcICU
npo2J/.ac npo­
no6e,nHAH AAaHe o6ena ,neceTOro,nHIlllbe oCAo6aOalbe o,n mU8 An.aHa.
ITAanalba ,naRKa. Ta,na HeMnH 2KelbHH CAaBe ,no6po ce H
xpa6po 60penH npOTHB Tor Hapo,na o,nHeIlle no6e.ny, HaKOH
qera 6ejaxy np03BaHH <t>paHnH HAH <t>paHKH. Ho 3a­
paTHBIIIH nOHOBHO C MaRHMa, BaAeHTHHHjaR H3ry6H paT, An.aHu youjy
Te (KaKO nHIlle I1peHHKYc y 6. KlbH3H) TaKooe H :lKHBOT lJapa BaneH­
6y.nynH ,na ra aAaHCKH Kpalb Bap60raCT 3a,naBH. AAaHH ce muHujaHa.
HaKOH Tora npH,nPY2KHIlle ,npyrHM CAOBeHCKHM Hapo,nHMa,
KamanoHuja
O,nHOCHO BaH,naAHMa, BypryH,nHMa H illBeoaHHMa, Te no,n Ha3BaHa no
3anOBe,nHHIIITBOM BODe CaHrH6aHa 3aY3eIlle raAHjy. npo,n­ rOmUMa
peIlle 3aTHM y illnaHHjy, r,ne 3aBAa,naIlle je,nHHM ,neAoM TO­ An.aHUMa.
ra KpalbeBCTBa Koje 3aTHM ,n06H HMe rOTH MaHHja, a
,naHac ce HCKBapeHO 30Be (KaKO TBp,nH I1peHHKYc) KaTa­ An.aHu
AOHHja HAH KaTaAYlba. He 3a,nOBOlbHBIIIH ce THMe, HacpHY­ HanaaHY
Ille Ha nOpTyraA r,ne 3aY3eIlle rpa,n AyryCTY EMepHTY H ne­ /CpaJbeBUHY
Ay raAHnHjy, Kao IIITO ce qHTa y nperAe.ny KOHpa,na noj­ llopmyzan.
THHrepa. Y THM KpajeBHMa ycnoCTaBHIlle Ha HeKO BpeMe
215

PaOOMUp Kpa!b cBoje KpaIbeBCTBO. Pa,n;OMMp, KpaIb rfu\JU.J:Mje M n06mKHM
raJ!UlJ,uje. XpHllInaHHH (KaKO nHIlle AHYTnpaH,n; H3 ITaBMje y 5. KlbM­
1333M), ncrryqe A6,n;apa KpaIba ITaBMje OKO AeTa rOcno,n;lbera
823. Cyce,n;M OHHX AAaHa KOjM OCTaIlle y CBOM 3aBM'lajy y
CapMaTMjM, ,n;OBe,n;OIlle HX ,n;o TaKO nOTnYHe nponacTM ,n;a je
,n;aHac HeMoryne HanM MKora KO HacTalbyje Te npe,n;eAe,
OCMM IllTO nOBpeMeHo npooy oHy,n;a K03alIM, KaJKe Mjexo­
BMTa, no CBOM 06M'lajy y nOTpa3M 3a MorynMM 2KpTBaMa.
CAoBeHH BacTapHM M ITeB'laHM HaCTalbaBaxy 3eMlhY
Bacmapa1-l.u, (KaKo nMIlle BMOH,n;O y 1. KlbM3H I. Ll.eKMe) Koja ce npoTe­
IIeetLaHu U 2Ke nO'leBIIIM o,n; ropa ITeBKHHa M KapnaTa, Te M3Meoy
<Pe1-l.u U Ihuxoeo YIllna l1CTpa M BOpMCTeHa ,n;onMpe CBe ,n;o BeAHKOr Mopa.
npe6uea­ Ll.MoHMcMje rpK, CTpa60H M ITToAeMej, roBopenM 0
.l!uutme. BaCTapHMMa M IT eB'laHMMa Ka2KY,n;a 6eJaxy . .
Je,n;MHCTBeH
Hapo,n; HaCTalbeH OKO 'lMTaBe MO'lBape MeoTM,n;. Y npBM
3apame c BOjHM noxo,n; (npeMa JYCTMHY) KpeHYIlle npoTMB Ll.a'laHa M
,l!attaHUMa U ycneIllHo ra OKOH'laIlle. HacpHYIlle 3aTMM Ha ITaBAa
Pu.M..ibaH.UMa.
EMMAHja KOjM, KaKO nMIlle ITAYTapx y CBOMe 2KMBOTonMcy,
YCMPTM y 60jy ,n;eceT XHlhMa lbHXOBHX KOlbaHHKa, HO
ycnpKoc TOMe KacHMje MX Y3e y CAY2K6y Kao nAaneHHKe. 3a
BpeMe BAa,n;aBMHe KOH3YAa AenM,n;a (npeMa HaBOtIY ITep­
cMja) xpa6pM Hapo,n; BaCTapHa y HOBOM HanMY Ha PMMCKO
UapCTBo HanYCTM peKY l1cTap, Kao IllTO nMIlle Opo3Mje y
4. KlbM3M, EBTponMje M ,n;pyrM. Tpe6eAHje ITOAHOH nMIlle ,n;a
lIap KAay,n;Hje 3apaTH C BaCTapHMMa. KOjH npe Tora H3aOO­
Ille H3 60ja C IToMnejeM H C Ue3apoM KaO ry6HTHHlIH. ITo­
6YHMIlle ce nOTOM npoTMB lIapa AyryCTa, KaKO nMIlle <PAOp.
Ho ITAyTapx jacHo nOKa3yje KaKO PHMlhaHM y 6op6M C MM­
Bacmapanu TpM,n;aToM 6ejaxy Ha py6y Hajrope norM6elhM, KM MM CAO­
oiJ6pa1-l.e
Pu.Mc1CO BeHCKM Hapo,n;, O,n;HOCHO BacTapHM M CapMaTM npMCKO'lM­
L(apcmeo 00
Ille y nOMon YCTaBIllM Ha oPY2Kje npoTMB MMTpM,n;aTa, Kao
Mumpuoama.
IllTO no,n;po6HMje npMnoBe,n;a ITAyTapX y ,n;eAy 0 Cy,n;6MHM<
PHMcKor UapCTBa. Ka,n; Ha Kpajy CHare BacTapHa oCAa6M­
IIpe.na3e y
Ille HenpecTaHMM paTOBalbeM, 6exy npOTepaHM M3 CBOjHX
YeapclCy U
60paBMIllTa Te ce (KaKo nMIlle Bom:pMHM y 1. KlbH3M I. Ll.e-
nocmajy
KMe) HaCTaHMIlle y YrapcKoj, H3MOAHBIllM o,n; nAeMeHMTor
xpuutna1-l.u.
MaTMje [KopBMHaj Ll.yHaBCKO OCTPBO, r,n;e YCKOPO nOTOM
YlCpu 1-I.anaoHY npMrpAHIlle cBojeBolhHo KaTOAH'lKY Bepy.
fJU:MClCe CAoBeHM YKpM HAH, KaKO MX Ha3HBa PerMHoH, YHKpa-
eOJHUlCe.
HH, Te MeAaHKAeHM HAM EMMHKAeHM, npeIllaBIllM l1cTap
(npeMa npMnoBe,n;albY BarpMeHcKor y 4. KlbM3M) HaBaAliIlle
BMIlle nyTa Ha pMMcKe je)J;HHMlIe Koje qysaxy TaMOIIIH>e
pe'lHe o6aAe. ITpBo6MTHM 3aBM'laj YHKpaHa HMCaM ycneo
Me.naHXJl.e1-l.U u n '
Ihuxoea npe6u- npOHa M HM KO,n; Je,n;HOr aYTOpa.
IT' 2
TOAeMeJ y . nperAetIY
eaJ!Uutma. A3Mje CMeIllTa MeAaHKAeHe 6AH3Y AAaHa, peKe BOAre M
AMa30HKM, CAaBHMX 2KeHa paTHMlIa. CpenHO HanYCTMBIllM
134 Te KpajeBe HaCTaHMIlle ce (KaKO M3BeIllTaBa l1BaH ropo­
nHYc Y 7. KlbM3M rOTO,n;aHCKe) Ha rpaHMlIaMa ITo,n;oAMje Ha
216
'III!J!I""
npOCTpaHMM nOlhaHaMa C MHOIllTBOM O)J;AH'lHMX naIlllbaKa. YKpU,
Ay,n;OBMK UpMjeBMn nMilie ,n;a ynpaBo TM CAoBeHM YKpM pyutUmeJbU
YHMIllTMilie M nOTnYHo pa30pMIIIe rpM CaAOHY, HeKa,n; npe­ CaJ!one.
CaJ!ona
CTOHMlIY ,n;aAMaTMHCKHX KpaIbeBa M apCeHaA ,n;aAMaTHHCKe npecmonulJ,a
CPAOTe, Kao IllTO nMilie CTpa6oH. CaAOHa 6ejaIlle TaKooe Oa.n.MamuncKU
PMMCKO Hacelhe M TMa ce 3BaIlle MaplIMja JYAHa, Kao IllTO x KpWbeea.
HaAa3MMO y je,n;HOM CTapoM enMrpaMY KO,n; Ma30xMja Ha Beute PUMCKO
HaceJbe no
AMCTY 28. rpM (npeMa HeKHM TBp,n;lbaMa) 6eIIIe 06MMa o,n; UMeny
OKO neTHaeCT MHlha, a 6ejailie n03HaT no MHorMM pa­ MaplJ,uja.
TOBHMa C pa3HMM Hapo,n;MMa M lIapCTBMMa. CMeIllTeH 6eja­
Ille (KaKO nMIlle ITAHHMje y 3. KlbM3M, norAaBlhY 20) Ha
y,n;aIbeHOCTH o,n; ,n;BeCTO ,n;BMeceT M ,n;Be MMlhe o,n; 3Mpa, a
6ejaIlle ynpaBHo M Cy,n;CKO cpe,n;MIllTe HMpeoeHo MHOro­
6POjHOM HapotIY no,n;elheHOM Ha 744 ,n;eKYPMje. l1aKo ce
BpAO 'leCTO onHpaIlle M xpa6po o,n;OAeBaIlle BojcKaMa PMM­
CKMM, Kao M OHMMa ,n;pyrHX xpa6pHX Hapo,n;a, ycnpKoc TO­
Me Ha Kpajy ra OCBOjM M cpaBHM ca 3eMlhOM Heno6e,n;MBM
CAOBeHCKH Hapo,n;, O,n;HOCHO YKpM, KOjM (KaJKe KapAO M3
BarpMeHa) BMIlle HO je,n;HOM OKPYTHO YHMIllTHilie rOTOBO
XUPU U CKUpU
lIeAY Ll.aAMalIMjy. CAOBeHM XMPM M CKHPM HaCTalbaBaxy U Ihuxoea npe­
(KaKO nMIlle JaH Ll.y6paBCKH y 1. KlbM3M 0 "Y:eIllKoj MCTO­ 6ueaJ!uutma.
PMjM) npe,n;eAe OKO peKe BHCAe. KM XMPH HanYCTMIlle Te
KpajeBe. Kao nAaneHMlIM CAY2KMIlle pa3HMM KHe2KeBMMa y
paTOBHMa. KaTKM. y,n;PY2KeHM C AAaHMMa H rOTMMa, pa­
TOBaxy C PliMlhaHMMa, CBe ,n;OK ce C ,n;pyrMM CapMaTMMa
(KaJKe Ll.y6paBCKM) He HaCTaHMIlle y l1AHpMKY H Y l1CTpH.
CKMPH Y BpeMe no6e,n;e HM ATHAHHMM CMHOBMMa 3aY3eIIIe
roplbY Me3Mjy (KaKo nMilie JoxaH HaYKAepyc y XPOHMlIM),
Te TaMO OCTaIlle H y KacHMjMM pa3,n;o6lhMMa.
CAOBeHM <PHHlIM MAH <peHM 6ejaxy nOCAe,n;lbM ceBepHM
Hapo,n;M, jep ,n;a lbHXOBa npe6MBaAHIllTa 3ay3MMaxy je,n;Ba rae cy .//Cuee­
.l!U C.noeenu
HaCTalbMBa no,n;pyqja CBeTa. Bejaxy ,n;06pM CTpeAlIH, a He <PuHlJ,U.
6eIlle Hapo,n;a TaKO BeIllTor y 6alIalbY Konlha BeAHKOM 6p­
3HHOM. BOPHAM cy ce BeAHKHM M IllHpOKHM CTpeAaMa.
BaBHAM cy ce ce 'lapalbMMa, a nOHOCHAH cy ce AOBa'lKMM
BeIllTMHaMa. He 3aycTaBlhaxy ce Ha je,n;HoM MeCTy, Hero
MMMOIllne HeCTaAHa CTaHMIllTa. ITpeAa3MIlle nAaHMHCKe
npeBoje npeKpMBeHe cHeroM Ha HeKaKBMM caBMjeHMM M
MCKpeHyTMM TpynlIMMa, a Ka,n; 6M Tpe6aAo no6enM o,n; He­ Pamoeaxyc
ApuepuMOM
npMjaTelha HAH ,n;OCTMrHyTH ra, 6ejaxy OKpeTHMjM o,n; 6HAO CeeeOM.
Kora ,n;pyror CMpTHMKa. HacpHY Ha lbHX ApHrpMM CBeB,
KOjM 3aTMM nOCTMP 3eT ,n;aHCKor KPaIba <ppOTOHa, na Ka,n; 135
<PMHlIM YBM,n;eIlle ,n;a ry6e, ,n;a,n;OIlle ce y 6eKCTBO 6alIajynM
HenpMjaTelhY y AHlIe TpM KaMeH'lMna KojHMa ,n;MOilie M3­
rAe,n; M 06AHK TOAMKHX nAaHMHa. KM ApHrpHMOBa BojcKa
TO BM,n;e, npeCTa HX nporoHMTM BepyjynM ,n;a o,n; THX II.I\a­ Y60p6u cyce
HHHa He M02Ke ,n;aIbe. YXBaTMBIllH ce y KOIllTalI C HenpM­ c.ny.JlCll.Jlu tta­
po6lhautmeUM.
jaTelheM M CAe,n;enera ,n;aHa, <PMHlIM nOpaJKeHM no6eroilie
217
 "'IIIII!!'!!'"
6all.ajytm Ha 3eMlbY llIaKY CHera Koja ce rrpeTBOpH y
BeAHKY H llIHpOKY peKY, Te TaKO HllI"le3HYllIe HerrpHjaTelbY
rrpe,n: O"lHMa. Ka,n: H Tpetm rryT 3aMeTHYllIe 6HTKY H OCTarne
rrOTy-qeHHMa, a He 6Hjarne HM HHKaKBe rroMotm o,n: "Iapo6­
lballITBa, rrpe,n:allIe ce H rrOCTallIe rOTOBO rro,n:aHHll.H KPalbe­
TeHZUlt KpQ.Jb BHHe ,llaHcKe, HallIaBllIH ce TaKO y OHO BpeMe rro,n: BAallIny
CJ!ooeHa Kpalba TeHrHAa. ,lloro,n:H ce TO (KaKO rrHllIe CaKCO fpaMa­
<PuHalJ,a.
THKYC y 5. KlbH3H) MaAO rrpe ,n:OAaCKa XpHcTOBa Ha 3eMlby.
/!attaH.u. l{a"laRH, KOjH rrOpeKAOM 6ejaxy HCTHHCKH CAoBeHH, rrOTe-
KOllIe TaKobe H3 CKaR,n:HHaBHje (rrpeMa H3BellITajHMa Jop­
,n:aHeCOBHM, TIaBAa BapHe<PPH,n:a H JepoHHMa rrpeMa Ey-
Omepajy 3e6Hjy), Te O,n:BOjHBllIH ce o,n: OCTaAHX oTepallIe BepAe KOjH
Bep.ne c HaCTalbaBaxy o6aAe JlyHaBa H TaMO ce, rrpeMa orrllITeM
/!yHaea.
MHllIlbelbY rrHCall.a, 3aYBeK HaCTaHHllIe. TaKO ce jOllI H 3a
BpeMe BAa,n:aBHHe ll.apa BHTeAHja (KaKo rrHllIe rreCHHK CTa­
ll.Hje) HaAa3HllIe HCTHM THM o6aAaMa. TIpeMa OHOMe llITO
rrpHrroBe,n:a EBrporrHje y 7. KlbH3H PHMcKe HCTOpHje, cace-
CaceKY • 6
puMcKyeojcKY. KOllIe K~H3YAa ArrHJ,: Ca HHa H rrpeTopcKor HaMe~HHKa
KOpHeAHJa <pycKa 3aJe,n:Ho C BeAHKOM PHMCKOM BOJCKOM.
3eMlba ,lla"laHa rrpoCTHpallIe ce y orrcery o,n: XHlba,n:y MHlba.
3apaTHllIe H C ll.apeM TpajaHoM KOjH ,n:a,n:e H3rpa,n:HTH MOCT
/!elJ,eoaJ1. KpQ.Jb Ha JlyHaBY, "IHjH ce OCTauH jOllI YBeK BH,n:e. IJ.ap AH"IHO
/!aKUje. c'ryrrH y 6op6y H rro6e,n:H Kpalba lbHXOBor ,llell.e6aAa. PaTo­
Ba C ,lla"laHHMa TaKobe H ll.ap ,lloMHll.HjaH, KOjH ce He3a­
cAy:JKeHo cMaTpallIe CAaBHHM rro6e,n:HHKoM, jep y 60jy OCTa
BHllIe rro6ebeH Hero rro6e,n:HHK. IJ.ap TpajaR HaKOH rro6e,n:e
Ha,n: ,lla"laRHM, BH,Il;eBllIH ,n:a je 3eMlba lbHXOBa CTaAHHM pa­
TOBalbHMa YHHllITeHa H orryCTeAa 6e3 CTaHOBHHKa, H3 "IH-
TpajaH. iJooeiJe TaBOra CBora ll.apCTBa (KaKO rrHllIe EBTporrHje y 7. KH.H3H)
H.:C:: y~:~j~. ,n:OBe,n:e y Te Kpaj~Be HOBe ~acelbeHHKe: To je pa3Aor llITO
ce ,n:aHac y ,llaKHJH rOBopH Je3HKoM KOJH ce "lHHH caCTaB-
KaiJaje y lbeHHM o,n: MHorHX ,n:pyrHX je3HKa. IheMa"lKH je3HK 6H':
/!aKUjy y~eiJeH yse,n:eH y ,llaKHjy rrpBH rryT y BpeMe KapAa BeAHKor KOjH
He.MattKU Je3UK. 6
(KaKo CBe,n:O"lH JoxaH Ay aHyc y 5. rrorAaBlbY 3. KlbHre)
rrOCAa y Te KpajeBe HOBe HacelbeHHKe HeMll.e; OHH Hacelba­
Bajy ce,n:aM KarnTeAa KojHMa ,n:a,n:OllIe HMe 3H6eH6ypr. Yrrp­
KOC TOMe, BH.Il:lbHBO je H ,n:aHac ,n:a je3HK KOjHM ce roBOPH y
HopMaH.U U l{aKHjH Ca.n:p2KH MHOro CAOBeHCKHX pe"lH. CAaBH H ,n:HKH
I-buxoeu CAOBeHcKoj rrpH,n:OHellIe y BeAHKoj Me pH H HopMaHH KOjH
ycnecu. (KaKO CMO rrOKa3aAH) 6ejaxy Hapo,n: CAOBeHCKH. 0 rropeKAy
136 H.HXOBOM rrHCll.H, a HapO"lHTO TIjep<ppaH"IeCKO 1)aM6YMapH
y 1. KlbH3H Ha cAe,n:enH Ha"lHH rOBopH: HarryCTHllIe (KroKe
. OH) CKaH,n:HHaBHjy OTrrpHAHKe y BpeMe CMpTH ll.apa Ay­
~=~~:. ,n:OBHKa I, HAH KaKO 6H ce peKAo AeTa focrro.ll:H.era OCaMCTO
"IeTp,n:eceTe, rycapcKe ,n:PY2KHHe Hapo,n:a Kojer <ppaHu.y3H
30BY HopMaHHMa. llITO 3Ha"lH ceBeplball.H, Te xapajynH H
IIlba"lKajynH <ppaHa"lKHM H repMaRCKHM rrpHMopjeM H rrpo­
,n:peBllIH y KorrHeHe KpajeBe TOKOBHMa Ha6yjaAHx peKa
218
CBAa,n:allIe He caMO <ppH2KaHe, Ben CrraAHllIe TaKobe XaM­
6ypr H ,n:P2Kaxy rro,n: orrca,n:oM KeAH y HeMa"lKoj, ,n:OK y
3ay3My
<ppaHu.yCKoj 3aY3ellIe HeBCTpHjy, Koja ce ,n:aHac 30Be Hop­
Heacmpujy.
MaR,n:Hja. I1.CTpajallIe y THM CBOjHM Harra,n:HMa H IIlba"lKH
CBe ,n:o 887. ro,n:HHe, Ka,n: POAOH, KacHHje Ha3BaR Py6epT, C llpeoy y
HOBOM HopMaHcKoM BojCKOM rrpebe y EHrAeCKY H o,n:6HjeH EH2.JI£CKY·
o,n: EHrAe3a CKAOHH ce C BOjCKOM Y 06AH2KH.H ,n:eo <ppaHu.yc­
Ke, r,n:e ce Ben rrpe MHOro ro,n:HHa 6ejaxy HaCTaHHAlf lbe­
roBH HopMaHH. Yje,n:HHHBllIH ce y6p30 C H.HMa H 3aY3eBllIH
roTOBO CBaKH KYTaK o,n: 3aAHBa CeH-MaAo ,n:o CeHH, peKe
,n:peBHora HMeHa CeKBaHa, 06aAOM ,n:ocrre CBe ,n:o PoyeHa.
CTHraBllIH ,n:o Tora rpa,n:a, TaMO ce yra6opH, Te 3a,n:p2KaB­
llIH ce HeKO BpeMe H KaKO rpa,n:y HHKO He rrpHTeKHy y
rrOMon, Ha Kpajy H3,n:ejCTBoBa H.erOBY rrpe,n:ajy. 3arocrro,n:a­
pHBllIH ,n:aKAe TaKO BeAHKHM H 60raTHM rpa,n:oM, OCTaBH ce
rycapeH.a rrpHMopjeM. HaMepH MebYTHM yseAH"IaTH ce
BepyjynH KaKO BpAO AaKO M02Ke 3aY3eTH <ppaRa"lKO Kpa­
lbeBCTBO, C 063HPOM Ha rrpe,n:HoCT KOjy 3a TaKaB rro,n:yxBaT
rrpe,n:CTaBlbaxy TpH rrAOBHe peKe CeHa, Aoapa H fapoHa,
rroaa y 3aBH"Iaj rro HOBe lby,n:e. Ka,n: OBH ,n:obollIe, O,n:BroKHO
rrOCAa y3 Aoapy BeAHKY <pAO'ry, a rrpHo6aAHHM pe"lHHM
rro,n:py-qjeM 6pOjHY BOjCKY. KpeHy rryCTollIHTH CBe OKO ce6e
BeAHKHM rrOKOlbHMa H IIlba"lKaMa, 6e3063HpHO rraAenH H
pYllIenH CBe llITO 6H H.eroBHM rrpoTHBHHll.HMa MorAO Ha C/C.Itone
6HAO KOjH Ha"lHH KOpHCTHTH. Ta,n:allIlbH <ppaRa"lKH Kpalb npuMupjec
KapAo rrOCAa My cBoje rrOKAHcape ,n:a 3aTproKe TpOMeCe"lHO cjJpaH.attK!.I.M
KpQ.Jbe.M
rrpHMHpje, llITO AaKO rrOCTH2Ke, jep HopMaHcKoj BOjCll.H
KapJtoM..
6ellIe Hy:JKaH O,n:MOP H rroja"lalba HOBHM lby,n:HMa. Ho rrpe
HO llITO ce OKOH"Ia rrpHMHpje, POAOH rrOHOBHO KpeHY y ]1p:;vce noiJ
rroxo,n: H orrKOAH TIapH3. MO)K.ll.a 6H ra H 3aY3eo, ,n:a rpa­ oncaiJoM
llapu3.
baRH o6aBHjellITeHH ,n:a HM rrpHCTH2KY y rrOMon BojBo,n:a
PHKap,n: o,n: EypryH,n:Hje H E6aA rpo<p o,n: TIyaTjea He rrpH­ 137
bOllIe C Aeba HopMaHHMa, KOjH ce 6ejaxy oKpeHyAH rrpOTHB
HOBorrpHCTHrAHX rrpOTHBHHKa, Te HX rrOTYKOllIe H HarHallIe
y 6eKCTBO y3 BeAHKe llITeTe H ry6HTKe POAOHOBHX lby,n:H.
Pa36ellIlbeH rropa30M, "IHM ycrre OKYrrHTH cBoje CHare, Po­
AOH 3arrOBe,n:H CBHM BojHHll.HMa ,n:a ce He 06a3Hpy HH Ha
CTapoCT, HH Ha rrOA, Ha BepCKe HAlf CBeTOBHe rpabeBHHe,
Hero ,n:a rro6Hjy CBe 2KHBO, orrlba"lKajy CBe pe,n:oM, crraAe H
YHHllITe CBe llITO HM ,n:oby rro,n: PYKY. I1.3BpllIaBajynH He
caMO OHO llITO HM je 3arrOBebeHO Hero H BHllIe o,n: Tora, pa­
30pHllIe H cpaBHHllIe ca 3eMlbOM CBe OKO ce6e. KapAo rro,n:­
CTaKHYT o,n: CBora IIAeMCTBa ,n:a ce cyrrpoTcTaBH TOAHKHM
YHHllITaBalbHMa H He BepyjynH ,n:a 6H ce Morao OAYrrpeTH
CHAOM, rrOKYllIa rroCTHnH crropa3yM ca CBOjHM CAaBHHM
rrpOTHBHHll.HMa. Haro,n:HBllIH ce KOHa"lHO ,n:a POAOH rrpH­
llocmajy
XBaTH xpHllInaHCTBO H ,n:a 2KeHH,n:6oM C KapAOBOM Kbep­
xpuuthaH.u.
KOM LIHAOM ,n:06Hje y MHpa3 EpeTalbY H HopMaH,n:Hjy, y3
219
 "!III!""
06aBe3Y 6YllYner HeBeAHKOra ra,n;MlIIffier nOpe3a cppaHa'l­
KOj KPYHM Y 3HaK M nOTBpllY racnO,n;CTBa CTe'leHOr He
OPYJKjeM, Ben lby6aBlby, nOCTMralIIe cnopa3yM 0 MMpy M 0
CpO,n;CTBy. POAOH, ,n;aKAe, npMMMBlIIM KplIITeffie, npMXBaTM
OTa,ll; na Ha,n;aIbe MMe P06epT no CBOM KPCHOM KYMy Po­
6epTY rpocpy o,n; ITyaTjea, Te npOMeHM TaKo1)e M MMe 3eMlbe
np03BaBlIIM HOpMaH,ll;MjoM Kpaj KOjM ce ,n;OTa,n; 3Bao HeB­
CTpMja. Ko ce }KeAH yn03HaTM C ,n;pyrMM paTOBMMa M nollY­
XBaTMMa HopMaHa npOTMB pMMCKMX ll.apeBa, HeKa BM,n;M
PerMHOHa, onaTa M3 ITpMMa, KOjM BPAO Ta'lHO M ,n;eTaIbHO
3anMca MCTOPMjy HopMaHa. HcnYCTMT neMO OB,n;e CBe lIITO
6M ce jOlII MorAO penM 0 ffiMMa, Te neMO npenM Ha Map­
KOMaHe M KBa,ll;e, Hapo,n;e CAaBHe Ha OPYJKjy, a 0 ByrapMMa
neMO Ha Kpajy ,n;eAa noce6Ho pacnpaBlbaTM. MapKOMaHM
MaplCOMaliU U 6ejaxy .n:aKAe BaH,n;aAM HAM CAOBeHM (KaKO M3BelIITaBajy
Ibuxoeu AAoepr KpaHll. y npe.n:roBOpy cBoje CaCKe M ITeTap CYCPPM­
ycnecu.
. Keaau cy OWlu,n;M Y 2. KffiM3M). Je.n:HO o.n: ffiMXOBMX llAeMeHa (npeMa
.M.apICOMaHCICO TBp.n:ffiaMa BOArcpaHra J\all.a y 9. KH>M3M) oejaxy M KBa,ll;M.
lVleMe. O.n:BOjMBlIIM ce o,n; OCTaAMX BaH,n;aAa, MapKoMaHM HacpHy-
ITpomajy lIIe Ha .n:peBHM M Cp'laHM Hapo.n: BaBapall.a, Te nporHaBlIIM
BaeaplJ,e. MX M3 ffiMXOBa 3aBM'laja OHM 3araCnO.n:apMlIIe ffiMMe, KaKO
nMlIIe CYCPPMM Ha HaBe.n:eHOM MeCTy, r.n:e Ka}Ke .n:a .n:peB­
HM BaBapll.M oexy npOrHaHM O,n; MapKOMaHa, TO jecT BaH­
.n:aAa, KOjM jOlII M .n:aH-,n;aHaC ,n;p}Ke y CBOjOj BAaCTM 'telIIKY
HAM BoxeMMjy, jep 'teCM HAM BoxeMM cy BaH,n;aAM, npeM,n;a
MaplCOMaHu cy je 3a,ll;p}KaHO ,n;peBHO MMe BoxeMMja, Te ce ,n;aHac BaBapll.M­
BaHGQAU WlU Ma 30BY OHM KOjM HeKa,ll;a oejaxy MapKOMaHM M onlIITMje
CJl06eHu. BaH.ll:aAH, nOlIITO ,n;a MM 3aje,n;HM'lKM je3MK .n:OKa3yje ,n;a ce
Pa.n:M 0 je.n:HOM Te MCTOM HapollY. Y ffiMXOBOj BAaCTM 6elIIe
'lMTaBa 3eMlba ,n;aHac no.n:elbeHa Ha MOpaBCKY, 'telIIKY M
ITpea npe- • .
OU6QAUWma .n:OffiY AYCTPMJY· Y TMM cy ce KpaJeBMMa HaAa3HAa npBa
MaplCOMafw. npe6MBaAMlIITa MapKOMaHa, KaO lIITO nOKa3yje KopHeAMje..,
138 Tall.MT Ka,ll;a Ka}Ke: MapKOMaHM npBM nyT CTeKOlIIe CAaBY,
cHary M cBoja npeOMBaAMlIITa oTjepaBlIIM y npOlIIAOCTM
JIpyzo npe- BaBapll.e 3axBaIbyjynM CBOjOj Cp'laHOCTM . .llpyro ffiMXOBO
OU6QAUWme. npe6MBaAMlIITe 6elIIe KO,n; TpMepa. Ta ce ffiMXOBa ceooa
o,n;Mrpa y .n:Ba HaBpaTa: y BpeMe JyAHja Ue3apa no,n; B01)­
CTBOM ApMOBMCTa, KpaIba MapKOMaHa M CBeBa, a .n:pyrM
nyT 3a BpeMe BAa,ll;aBMHe TM6epMja KOjM (npeMa CBeToHMjy)
Tpeh.e npe- npeMeCTM 6POjHO repMaHcKo CTaHOBHMlIITBO. Tpene npe­
OU6QAUWme. 6MBaAMlIITe MapKOMaHa 6elIIe y npM06aAHOM ,n;eAy.llaKMje,
Ha rpaHMll.M C YrapCKOM M TpaHCMABaHMjoM, lIITO cnOMMffie
f.{emapmo npe- KOpHeAHje Tall.MT y 2. KffiM3M. Kao 'leTBpTO, HaCTaHMlIIe ce
OU6QAUWme.
Y ropffiOJ
. IT . A .
aHoHMJM, r.n:e ce ,n;aHac HaAa3e YCTpMJa M ,n;eo
lIITajepcKora BojBo,n;cTBa. KaKO CMaTpaM, MapKoMaHM 'le­
TMpM nyTa yrBp,n;MlIIe cBoja Hacelba y TOM Kpajy. ITPBM MX
nyT (KaKO nMlIIe Tall.MT y 2. KffiM3M) HaCeAH TaMO ll.ap KAa­
y,n;Mje: .n:pyrM nyr OHM caMM OPYJKjeM (npeMa TBp.n:ffiaMa
220
JYAMja KanMTOAHjcKor) 3aY3elIIe rapffiy ITaHOHMjy M BaAe­
PMjy; TpenM nyT Ka.n: ll.ap faAMjeH no.n:apM ropffiy ITaHoHMjy
MaplCOMafiU
M BaAepMjy CBOM Tacry MapKoMaHcKoM KpaIbY, lIITO HaAa­
aapame c
3MMO y 3anMCMMa CeKCTa AypeAMja. MapKoMaHM Ha Kpajy lJ,apeM BQAeH­
3a,n;aIIIe BeAMKe MyKe ll.apy BaAeHTMHMjaHy y ITaHoHMjM M mUHujaHOM.
BaAepMjM, KaKO CBe.n:O'lM Mapll.eAHH Ha BMlIIe MeCTa. Yo­
'laBaM nOTOM ,n;a M y BpeMe u;apeBa JYAMja M OKTaBMjaHa
MapKoMaHM M KBa.n:M HacTaffiaBaxy.n:eAoBe ITaHoHMje, Koje
MM 3aTMM 01lY3elIIe OKTaBMjaH M TMoepMje. ,n;a OM MX
nOHOBHO OCBOjMAH 3a BpeMe Xa.n:pMjaHoBe BAa,ll;aBMHe. Uap
MapKO AypeAHje MX nOHOBHO npMcMAM ,n;a HanycTe Te Kpa­
jeBe CBe .n:o BpeMeHa KOMo.n:oBa M BacHjaHOBa. Haj3a,ll; MX
HCTepa o,n;aTAe ll.ap AAeKCaH,n;ap, KaKO nMlIIe CeKcT Pycp.
ITeTo npeOHBaAHlIITe MapKOMaHa H KBa,ll;a oejalIIe y lIIAec­ ITemo npe­
OueQAuwme
KOj M Y BpaH,ll;eHOYPlIIKoj KpajMHH Ha peU;H O.n:PH. KaKo
MaplCoMaHa.
H3BelIITaBa BMTHKHH.n: Y OHorpacpHjH XeHpHKa M OTOHa,
IlIecmo npe­
lIIeCTO HM npeOHBaAHlIITe oHjalIIe y Kpajy KO.n: TpHepa.
OU6QAUwme.
Ce.ll:MO HM oopaBHlIITe oMjalIIe .n:eo BeArHje y OAH3HHH MO­ CeGMO npe­
pa, a OCMO M npeTnOCAe.n:ffie Ha OOaAaMa fepMaHCKor Mopa OU6QAUwme.
H3Me1)y.llaHCKe H <PAaH,n;pHje. Y CBHM HaBe.n:eHMM 3eMlbaMa OCMO npe­
OU6aJIUWme.
MapKOMaHH npOCAaBHlIIe cBoje MMe 3axBaIbyjynH paTHoj
BelIITMHM, Kao lIITO ce BM.n:H KO.n: pa3HHX ayTopa. 'teCTO pa­
TOBaxy C PHMlbaHMMa H nOHeKa,ll; HM oejaxy npaBM CTpax H
TpeneT. ITpe BpeMeHa u;apa MapKa AypeAHja y.n:PYJKemr ca MaplCOMafiU
aayaMY
CapMaTHMa, BaH.n:aAHMa, KBa,ll;HMa H ,n;pyrMM CAOBeHHMa,
ITaHofiujy.
npera3HBlIIH .llyHaB, 3aY3elIIe ITaHoHMjy M nOOHlIIe .n:Ba.n:e­ 3apame C lJ,a­
ceT XHlba,ll;a PHMlbaHa, KOjH 3a BpeMe BAa,ll;aBHHe MapKa peMMaplCOM
AypeAHja oejaxy npHCHlbeHH paTOBaTM C THM Hapo.n:OM , AYPeJlUjeM.
139
Kao lIITO CBe.n:O'lH J\Yll.HjaH y je.n:HOM o.n: CBOjMX .llMjaAora,
no,n; HaCAOBOM AAeKcaH,n;ap, r.n:e Ka}Ke ,n;a MapKO AypeAHje
OCAOOO,n;H ponCTBa ITaHoHMjy nopa3HBlIIM MapKOMaHe,
KBa,ll;e H CapMaTe. Ho Y3 KaKBe Hanope H y3 KOAHKO npo­
AHBeHe KpBM 3a,ll;OOH Ty nooellY, O,ll;AM'lHO nOKa3yje JyAHje
KanHTOAHjcKH y u;apeBoj 6MorpacpHjH, r.n:e nHlIIe KaKO
MapKO AypeAMje, nOTpOlIIMBlIIH y pary CBe cBoje OAara H3
pH3HMll.a M He }KeAenH HM Ha KOjM Ha'lHH OnTepeTMTM PHM­
CKe no.n:aHHKe BHlIIe o.n: YOOH'lajeHor, Ha TpajaHcKoM TPry
npo,n;a Ha AHll.MTall.MjH u;apCKe YKpace, nexape o.n: 3AaTa,
KpMCTaAa H nOAy.n:parar KaMeffia, cpeopHe nocy,n;e, }KeHHHe ClCJlOne
CBHAeHe XaIbHHe HCTKaHe 3AaTOM H nocyre OHcepMMa M npUMupjec
Wpafia1.l.1CUM
.n:parHM KaMeffieM, AHlIIMBlIIH ce TaKo1)e M KHnOBa Hajoo­
K:pQ.JbeM
lbHX YMeTHMKa . .llo,n;aje 3aTHM H Ka}Ke: HaoPYJKa jOlII H rAa­ KapJloM..
,n;HjaTope np03BaBlIIH MX nOCAYlIIHMU;HMa H 3aBp60Ba
MaTHHu;e, .llap.n:aHe, .llMOU;HHHTe H fepMaHe. YAO}KH nOTOM JIp2K.e nOG
oncaooM
CBe Moryne Hanope y Taj paT, KOjH cnOMHffie TaKo1)e H Cy­
ITapua.
H.n:a, Kao H J\yU;HjaH y ,n;HjaAOry AAeKcaH,n;ap. Ho (KaKO Ka­
}Ke Op03Mje y 7. KH>H3H, nOrAaBlbY 9) Ha,ll; MapKoMaHMMa
o,n;Hece nooe.n:y npe BO}Kje npoBH1)effie, HO ll.apeBO oPYJKje.
221
 "T'
HaHMe, Ka,n: 6e36pojaH HapO,n: BapBapCKH, O,n:HOCHO Map­
KOMaHH, KBa,n:H, BaH,n:aAH, CapMaTH H CBeBH YCTallIe Ha
PHMlbaHe H Ka,n: pHMCKa BojcKa rrpo,n:pe y 3eMlbe KBa,n:a,
6ellIe TaMO OrrKOlbeHa, TaKO ,n:a joj He 6ellIe crraca: aKO HH
o,n: 'Iera ,n:pyror, rrOMpAH 6H CBH pe,n:OM o,n: CTpallIHe HeCTa­
llIHu:e Bo,n:e. Ha TO BOjHHU:H xpHllIhaHH, KOjHX je 6HAO y
PHMCKOM Ta6opy, YBH,n:eBllIH ,n:a HM rrpeTH HCTpe6lbelbe,
Pu.M.lbafiu
3aBarrHllIe 3a Emlmjy rroMoh rrpH3HBajyhH HMe Hcyca XPH­
no6eoe
3axeQJbyjynu CTa KOjH HM YCAHllIH MOAHTBe H rrOCAa 06HJ\HY KHllIY, Te ce
MOAUmeaMa PHMlbaHH OKperrHllIe ,n:o MHAe BOlbe, ,n:OK BapBapH, BH,n:eB­
eojfiwffi llIH KOAHKO HX rra,n:a rroroljeHo C He6a, YTeKOllIe ca CBOjHX
xpuUll'iafia. . P
rroAmKaJa. HMlbaHH HX Ta,n:a orrKOAHllIe H rOTOBO HX CBe
rro6HllIe o,n:HeBllIH Ha,n: lbHMa HajcAaBHHjy o,n: CBHX rro6e,n:a
C MaAO lby,n:H, aAH y3 cBeMohHY rroMoh XpHCTOBY. ITpH'Ia ce
CTora ,n:a ce jOllI H ,n:aH-,n:aHac MOry HahH 6pojHa rrHCMa
OBora u:apa y KojHMa CBe,n:O'IH ,n:a 3axBalbyjyhH MOAHTBaMa
BojHHKa xpHllIhaHa yrryheHHM Hcycy, 6ejallIe ,n:06HO BO.n:y
C He6a H rro6e.n:y Ha,n: HerrpHjaTelbeM. AYU:HjaH, MeljyTHM,
KOjH 6ejallIe He3Ha6mKau: H BeAHKH HerrpHjaTelb HMeHa
xpHllIhaHCKor, rrHllIe y HaBe,n:eHOM ,n:HjaAOry ,n:a MapKO Ay­
peAHje rrOCTH)Ke rro6e.n:y rrocpe,n:OBalbeM ArrOAOHOBor rrpo­
140 pO'IHllITa. Taj paT H3Meljy MapKOMaHa H MapKa AypeAHja
(KaKO rrHllIy CBeToHHje MHpHH y u:apeBoj 6HorpaqmjH H
EBTporrHje y 8. KlbH3H) 6ejallIe HajBehH H HajBa)KHHjH o,n:
Pam c MapICo- CBHX, y TOAHKOj MepH ,n:a ra ce H3je,n:Ha'Iyje C paToBHMa
MafiUMa fia­ rrpoTHB KapTarHlbaHa. OCHM Tora, MapKo 6ejallIe YBepeH
fiece eeJtuICe ,n:a HeM a Hapo,n:a KOjH 6H BHllIe o,n: MapKOMaHa Morao Ha­
Ulmeme
llIKO,n:HTH PHMCKOM UapCTBY H 3a,n:aTH My Behe 6pHre. Ho
Pu.M.lbafiUMa.
rrpoAa3ehH 3aTHM ITaAeCTHHOM Ha rryry 3a ErHrraT (KaKo
rrHllIe Mapu:eAHH y 22. KlbH3H), 03AOBOlbeH 6YHaMa Jy,n:e­
jau:a pe'Ie: 0 MapKoMaHH, 0 KBa,n:H, 0 CapMaTH, HrraK caM
rrpOHallIao lby,n:e HeMHpHHje H HecHocHHje o,n: Bac. ITpeM,n:a <
MapKOMaHH 6ejaxy rrpeTprreAH rropa3 o,n: PHMlbaHa KaKO
CMO OrrHCaAH, cBeje,n:HaKO He rrpecTajaxy xapaTH PHMCKHM
rroKpajHHaMa. TaKO y BpeMe u:apa KOMo,n:a rrpe.n:y3ellIe Ta­
MapICOMafiU
o6aeeJK:y PUM­
KaB rroxo,n: Ha PHMCKO UapCTBO ,n:a (KaKO rrHllIe CeKCT PyeP)
CICO ll.apcmeo KOMO,n: H rrpHCHlbeH CKAorrHTH MHp C lbHMa H rrAahaTH HM
fia OafiaIC. ro,n:HllIlbH ,n:aHaK yCTyrrHBllIH HM TaKolje ,n:eo ITaHoHHje KO,n:
llyHaBa. 3apaTHllIe rrOTOM H C u:apeBHMa CeBepOM H AAeK­
caH,n:pOM. OBaj rrOCAe,n:lbH (rrpeMa rrpH'Ialby Xepo,n:HjaHo­
BOM y 6. KlbH3H) 3aTpa)KH MHp o,n: MapKoMaHa, o6ehajyhH
HM CBe llITO HM je HJ)KHO, y3 BeAHKY CBOTY HOBu:a. Ka,n:
IIoeeoy oUlmap AAeKcaH,n:pa y Ha u:aPCKOM rrpeCToAy HaCAe,n:H MaKCHMHH.
U :lKecmOlc pam
npomue lJapa ,n:olje ,n:O .n:yror H BpAO OKpyTHOr paTa C THM Hapo,n:OM C
MalCCUMufia. KOjHM ce u:ap (Kao llITO ce BH,n:H KO,n: HCTOr Xepo,n:HjaHa y 7.
KlbH3H H KO,n: JYAHja KarrHTOAHjcKor) 'IeCTO yrrYCTH Y 6op6y
y3 rrpOMeHlbHB ycrrex, HMajyhH Ha CBOjOj CTpaHH 6HpaHY
222
BOjCKY o,n: Maypa, OcpoxeMa H ITapTa. YcrrOCTaBHBllIH ,n:a­
KAe CBOjy BAaCT y ITaHoHHjH, MapKoMaHH ce ,n:HrollIe Ha
opJ)Kje rrpOTHB u:apa AypeAHjaHa KOjH HM ce (KaKO rrHllIe
BorrHCKO y lberoBoj 6HorpaePHjH) rrOKYllIa o.n:yrrpeTH 6e3
ycrrexa. OHH Ha TO rrpO,n:pellIe y HTaAHjy H YHHllITHllIe 'IH­ Xapajy
TaB Kpaj OKO MHAaHa. Ho rrpeTprrellIe 3aTHM rropa3 o,n: HmaJtujOM.
BaAeHTHHHjaHa, Ka,n: (Ka)Ke 1)aM6YAapH y 2. KlbH3H) 3ay3e­
llIe PeU:Hjy C HOpHKOM. 3a BpeHe BAa,n:aBHHe u:apeBa faAa
H KOHcTaHTHHa (KaKo rrHllIe 30Hapa y 3. H 4. cBecU:H)
KBa,n:H y,n:pY)KeHH ca CapMaTHMa, xapajyhH Heo6Y3,n:aHo, K eaou fianao­
fiy IIafiofiujy
Orrlba'IKallIe ITaHoHHjy H roplbY Me3Hjy, a HaCTaBHllIe 'Ie­
u Me3ujy.
CTO TO 'IHHHTH H KacHHje, 3Bor 'Iera PHMlbaHH 6ejaxy rrpH­
CHlbeHH (KaKO rrpHrrOBe,n:a 1)aM6YAapH y 2. KlbH3H) rro­
BepHTH o,n:6paHY THX KpajeBa rroce6HoM BOjBO,n:H. 3aBH'Iaj 3aeu'iaj
Keaoa.
KBa,n:a (rrpeMa TBp,n:lbaMa KOXAaeyca H EOTepHja) 6ellIe
Kpaj CMellITeH H3Meljy "Y:ellIKe H ITolbcKe, Ha3BaH 3aTHM
illAecKa, a TO HMe My ,n:a,n:OllIe "Y:eCH. HaHMe, "Y:eCH (Ka)Ke
JaH ,lly6paBcKH y 8. KlbH3H 0 "Y:ellIKoj HCTOpHjH), BH,n:eBllIH
KaKO y ,n:OMOBHHY KBa,n:a rrpHcTH)KJ pa3HH Hapo,n:H )KeAehH 141
OmICYo
ce TaMO HaceAHTH, TO jecT MHCHH, IToMepaHU:H H OHH H3 nomU'ie UMe
MapKe y3 MHore ,n:pyre, rrp03BallIe HX CAe3HTH, O,n:HOCHO IIIAecICe.
lby,n:H KOjH rrorryT 3MHja 6ejaxy yrnAH y Ta rro,n:pyqja IIAa3e­
hH ceo Ho rrpe Tora (Kao llITO ce BH,n:H KO,n: PHKap,n:a Eap­
TOAHHa y 8. KlbH3H) 3Baxy ce AH3aHH, a rrOTOM illAe)KaHH.
Meljy MapKoMaHcKHM KpalbeBHMa KOjH BAa,n:axy Ha peU:H
Aa6H, y "Y:ellIKoj, MopaBcKoj H AyCTPHjH jOllI o,n: rrO'IeTaKa
pHMcKe ,n:p)KaBe, rrpBH 6ejallIe Mopo6y,n:BO KOjH ,n:OBe,n:e
MapICOMaficICU
MapKoMaHe y "Y:ellIKY (Kao llITO rrHllIe CTpa60H y 7. KlbH3H
KpQJbeeu.
cBoje feorpaePHje). Ha lbera HacpHy TH6epHje, a y TO ,n:06a
(Ka)Ke BeAej ITaTePKYA y 2. KlbH3H) MapKoMaHH 6exy J)Kac MapICOMafiU
cy Y:IKac3a
H 3a CaMO PHMCKO UapCTBo. HaKoH llITO Mapo6y,n:BO 6H
Pu.M.lbafie.
rrpoTepaH H .n:yro )KHBellIe y rrporoHcTBY y PaBeHH, Kpalb
MapKOMaHa rrOCTa KaTBaA,n:, Kora crrOMHlbe KOpHeAHje Ta­
U:HT y 2. KlbH3H cBoje HCTopHje. HaKoH KaTBaA,n:a 3aBAa,n:a
Jy6HA, KOjH H3 KpalbeBCTBa rrporHa KaTBaA,n:a H rrpHCHAH
ra ,n:a ,n:O'IeKa Kpaj )KHBOTa KO,n: cI>pejyca y OKOAHHH Hap­
6oHe. Ka,n: Jy6HA H3,n:axHY, MHAOllIhy u:apa TH6epHja Kpalb
MapKoMaHa H CBeBa rrOCTa BaHHo, KOjH OCTa Ha BAaCTH
'IeTp,n:eceT ro,n:HHa, Ka,n: ra OTepallIe C rrpeCTOAa yjaU:H BaH­
,n:OH H CH,n:OH. ITpeTprreBllIH rropa3 o,n: lbHX y 60jy (Kao llITO
rrHllIy TaU:HT y 2. KlbH3H H ITAHHHje y 12. rrorAaBlbY 3.
KlbHre), ,n:06H o,n: PHMlbaHa HellITO 3eMlbe y ITaHoHHjH, r,n:e
rrpoBe,n:e OCTaTaK )KHBOTa. CH,n: H HTaA (rrpeMa TaU:HTY y
19. KlbH3H) 3aBAa,n:axy 3aTHM MapKoMaHHMa H CBeBHMa
CBe ,n:o BpeMeHa u:apa Becrra3HjaHa. illeCTH MapKoMaHcKH
Kpalb Bapa6epT BAa,n:allIe y ,n:06a MapKa AHToHHja rrpoTHB
Kora (KaKo rrHllIy AYU:HjaH H KarrHToAHjcKH) rrOBe,n:e TpOro­
,n:HllIlbH paT. HaKOH Bapa6epTa BAa,n:allIe MapKoMaHHMa
223
 .,...,.
BpaH;ZJ.o KOjH (no MHIlllhelbY HeKHX ayropa) H3rpa,n;H rpa,n;
BpaHAeH6ypr, KOjH BHTHKHHA Ha3HBa BpeHa6op. Y BpeMe
LI-apa J{HOKAeLI-HjaHa, KaKO nHille JOPAaHec. MapKOMaHHMa
H CBeBHMa BAa,n;axy f'yHTepHK H ApAepHK. HaCAeAH HX Ca­
AOHHH, 'lHja KhH nHna nOCTa,n;e )KeHa LI-apa raAHjaHa, KaKO
nOMeHY CeKCTO AypeAHje. HaKOH CMpTH CaAOHHHOBe, 3a­
IIoMa.:JK:Y lJapy B.I\.a,z:J;axy XapTaMYHA H KapHOBHCT, KOjH npHTeKOille y no­
Aype.JlujaliY Moh LI-apy AypeAHjaHy npOTHB rOTa Ka,n; oBaj paTOBaille C
npomue Toma. lbHMa y l1.i\.HpHI<Y. Y TO BpeMe MapKOMaHH HarrYCTHille 3a­
BH'laj, Te ce jeAaH Aeo lbHX CMeCTH y PeLI-HjH, a ApyrH Aeo
y BaAepHjH H y nOcaBcKoj naHoHHjH. npBH Kpalh OHHX
KOjH 3aY3eIlle BaAepHjy H nOcaBHHY 6ejaille ra6HH, Kora
142 cnOMHlbe MapLI-e.I\.HH. HaKOH ra6HHa BAaAaille KyaHMyHA,
no6HjeOeH OA TeOAOMHpa, Kpalha OCTporoTa H OLI-a Teo­
AopHKa BepHCKor. HaCAeAHille ra AKHYA¢ H POHHCMYH;ZJ..
Koje nOMHFbY JOPAaHec H npOKonHje. J{pyre ce nojeAHHo­
CTH 0 MapKOMaHHMa H 0 FbHXOBHM BojeBaFbHMa MOry HahH
KOA J{HOHa H BOA¢raHra AaLI-a. MH heMO OBAe AOAaTH CAO­
Ba Koja MapKOMaHH KOpHCTHille npH nHcalbY, npoHaljeHa
y ApeBHOM <ppaHa'lKOM AeTonHCY KOjH Ca,n;P)KH TaKOOe pO­
AOCAOB KapAa BeAHKor.
.A(,~eJb'i~[
it B '" ~A. 'f' )(~ 1 -* ~.
IIuCMO Ih nor
MHore Apyre MohHe a3HjcKe Ap)KaBe. HaCTaHHBIllH ce Ta­
MapKOMalia. X X " >C
• <
OCTaAa CAOBa HHje 6HAO Moryhe npO'lHTaTH (KaKO Ka­
)Ke AaLI-) 360r Be.i\.HKe CTapOCTH KlbHre y KOjOj cy OHa OT­
KpHBeHa. JepeMHja Pyc, MeljyrHM, roBopehH 0 MapKO­
MaHHMa, Ka2Ke Aa H3Meljy FbHXOBor nHCMa H nHCMa KOA
CAOBeHa He 6ejaIlle Be.i\.HKe pa3.i\.HKe. YnpaBO TH nOCAeAlbH,
CAOBeHH, jeAHHH OCTa,n;OIlle cAaBOAo6HTHHLI-H. HaHMe,
HaKOH IllTO rOTH, BaHAaAH, MapKOMaHH H ApyrH HapOAH 0
KojHMa CMO paHHje npHnOBeAa.I\.H, a KOjH 6ejaxy 3ajeAHH'l­
Kor je3HKa ca CAOBeHHMa, 6exy nOpa3H.1\.H H nOKOpH.I\.H
LI-apCTBa H KpalheBCTBa rOTOBO 'lHTaBOra CBeTa, 3aBa­
AHBIllH ce ca CAOBeHHMa OCTaille no6eljeHH, Te H3ry6HIlle
oCBojeHe 3eMlI>e 3ajeAHo C BAaCTHTHM HMeHOM, Kao IllTO je
onIllHpHHje Beh pe'leHO. JeAHHH cy CAOBeHH 3a,n;P)Ka.I\.H H
AP)Ke jOill H AaHac Ap)KaBe H KpalheBCTBa oCBojeHa y
npOillAOCTH H npeOTeTa KaKO OA HaBeAeHHX, TaKO H OA
224
APyrHX HapOAa, Te TaMO 'lyaajy ycnoMeHe, HMe H CBOj
je3HK. Cjajy H CAaBH TOra HapOAa Balha jOill npHAOAaTH Aa
He CaMO MYIllKapLI-H, Beh H )KeHe lbHXOBe 6ejaxy BpAO
AMll30lilCe
paTo6opHe, KaKO cy TO 6HAe H AMa30HKe, )KeHe rAaCOBHTe
6ejaxy .ilCelie
H BH'lHe OPY2Kjy. YnpaBO OHe (npeMa H3BeIllTajHMa KapAa C.ll08elia.
H3 BarpHeHa H I1BaHa roponHyca y 8. KlbH3H 0 AMa30H­
KaMa) 6ejaxy OAYBeK )KeHe capMaTCKHX CAOBeHa, IllTO AO­ 143
Ka3yje H lbHXOBO npe6HBa.l\.HIllTe Ha peLI-H BOArH H3Meljy
MeAaHXAeHa H CHp6a KOjH (KaKO CMO nOKa3a.I\.H) 6ejaxy
CAOBeHCKH HapOAH. J OpAaHec, KaO H XapTMaH IlleAeA y
CBOM HAYCTpOBaHOM AeTonHCY, TBpAe Aa AMa30HKe 6ejaxy
)KeHe rOTa, Te Aa 3ajeAHo C MY2KeBHMa paTOBaxy nonyr
MYIllKapma npOTHB LI-apa Aype.I\.HjaHa. 3a rOTKHFbe H.I\.H
)KeHe CapMaTa, KaKO rOA 6HAO, He MO)Ke ce TBPAHTH Aa
HHCY 6HAe CAOBeHCKora POAa. Ka,n; HM MY2KeBH 6ejaxy Myq­
KH y6HjeHH, HaOPY2KaBIllH ce H jypHYBIllH C MY2KeBHOM
Cp'laHoillhy Ha HenpHjaTelhe, OCBeTHille CMpT CBOjHX cy­
npY2KHHKa KaKO TO 3aCAY2KYjy. HaKOH Tora, jOill ce BHIlle
OABa)KHBIllH, nOA BOACTBOM KpalhHLI-e Mapne3Hje CTHroille Mapnesuja,
QM1l301icx:a
CBe AO A3Hje y TaKO Be.I\.H'laHCTBeHOM BOjHOM noxo.z:tY Aa He
KpQ.JbUlJa.
6e3 pa3Aora Mapne3Hjy Balha npeTnOCTaBHTH, OAHOCHO
CMaTpaTH paBHOM npBaLI-HMa Meljy BojCKoBoljaMa H LI-ape­
BHMa. nOKOpHBIllH pa3He HapOAe H npHAo6HBIllH Apyre Ha
AMll3olix:e
CBOjy CTpaHY, KpalhHLI-a nOBeAe no6eAOHOCHY BOjCKY CBe AO npe.Jlll3e x:ae­
KaBKa3a, Te 3a,n;p)KaBIllH ce TaMO HeKO BpeMe AaAe nOBOA x:acx:e zope.
H3BPCHHM neCHHLI-HMa Aa HaAeHY HMe Mapne3Hja jeAHoj
TaMoillFboj .i\.HTHLI-H. npeIIAaBHBIllH 3aTHM nonyr CHAHe pe­
Ke 'lHTaBy MaAY A3Hjy, AMa30HKe npeMohHO nOKopHille
ApMeHHjy, raAaLI-Hjy, CHPHjy, KHAHKHjy, nepcHjy, Kao H
IIoKOpe ApMe­
liujy u opyza
KpQ.Jbeecmea.
MO, H3rpa,n;HIlle 6pojHe Be.i\.H'laHCTBeHe rpa,n;OBe, nOAHroille
HeKO.i\.HKO CHa2KHHX TBpljaBa H ABopaLI-a, a H3Meljy OCTa.l\.HX
FbHXOBHX H3BaHpeAHHX TBopeBHHa TY cy ABa 'lYBeHa rpa­ IIoOuzliY xpaM
Aa, CMHpHa H E¢ec. YnpaBO y OBOM nOCAeAlbeM nOAHroille ,aujaliu
y 'laCT 60rnlbe J{HjaHe, KOjy Cy.n;y60KO nOillTOBa.I\.H AOBa'lKe EcjJecx:oj.
H CTpelha'lKe BeillTHHe, oHaj XPaM KOjH H3a3Ba qyljeFbe LI-e­
Aora cBHjeTa H KOjH nOTOM y HaMepH Aa OBeKOBe'lH cBoje
HMe cna.I\.H oApeljeHH XepOCTpaT. OCHM Tora, rp'lKH Kpa­
lheBH cy CTpaxOBa.I\.H OA CHare AMa30HKH TaKO Aa nOCAaille
Ha lbHX CBor Haj60lher paTHHKa XePKYAa. npHCKO'lHille 3a­
THM nOA BOljCTBOM naHTaCHAeje y nOMoh TpojaHLI-HMa npo­
THB rpKa. AMa30HKe ce OAp)KaIlle CBe AO BpeMeHa AAeK­
caHApa Be.i\.HKOr, Ka,n; AO FbHXOBe KpalhHLI-e KaAeCTpe H.I\.H KpQ.JbulJ,a Ka­
.llecmpa oolle
MHHYLI-Hje Aolje rAac 0 AAeKCaH;ZJ.pOBoj Heno6eAHBOCTH, He A.llex:caIiOpy
MoraAe OHa HahH MHpa CBe AOK (KaKO nHille JyCTHH) y Be.llUX:OM c
rrpaTlbH TpHCTa xHlbaAa )KeHa H HaKOH TpHAeceT AaHa ny­ 300XWbQoa
Ta He Aolje AO Fbera, BepyjyhH Aa 6H 3a lby 6HAa cpeha Ka,n; AM1l301i1CU.
6H HMaAa Aeuy C TaKO MohHHM B.I\.a,z:J;apeM H rocnoAapoM
225
 r

ueAora CBeTa II Ka,a; 611 ,a;eua HaCAe,a;llAa O"leBY Cp"laHOCT II
cHary. OCTaBUlll y AAeKcaH,a;pOBY 3arplbajy HenpeKli,a;HO
144 TOKOM "leTpHaecT ,a;aHa II cn03HaBIllll ,a;a je Beh 3a"leAa y
yTp0611 CBOjOj, nOXllTa HaTpar Y cBoje KpalbeBCTBO, r,a;e
He,a;yro nOTOM nor1l6e, a C H>OM 113yMpeIlle rOTOBO CBe AMa­
30HKe II 3aTpe ce H>llXOBO lIMe. Ho IllTO 611CMO TeK Tpe6aAll
Kup nOpa:?lCeH
oG CnoeeH1Ce pehll 0 TaMllpll, Koja ce C TOAllKOM cp"laHOIllhy cynpoTCTa­
TaMupe. Bll nepclljcKoM KpalbY KllPY, ,a;a My KOHa"lHO o,a;y3e ::lKHBOT?
Macai!:emu TaMllpa 6ejaIUe Kpalbllu.a MacareTa, KOjll cy 3anpaBo AAa­
6ejaxy C.TtO­ Hll npeMa AMlljaHy MapueAllHY, a OH y TOMe CAe,a;ll MllIll­
eeHuMaHU. lbeH>e rp"lKOr ayTopa ¢>apaCMaHa Koje ce HaAa311 y .llllO­
HOBOj 6110rpaq:mjll uapa Xa,a;plljaHa. AKO 611 ce HeKO XTeo
ycnpoTllBllTll TOMe II pehll ,a;a je TaMllpa 611Aa KpalbllUa
CKliTa, o,a;roBapaM MY ,a;a Jocmp y 11. norAaBlbY 11. KH>llre
o ,a;peBHoj llCTOPlljll Jy,a;ejaua nOTBpoyje ,a;a Kllp 6eIlle
nOBeo BOjCKY npOTllB MacareTa KOjll MY, Ka::m::e OH, o,a;y3e­
CnaeHa.'?ICeHa Ille ::lKHBOT. AAKli,a;a fOTKllH>a, ,a;aKAe CAOBeHKa, 6ejaIlle BP-
M/CUoa. AO 3HaMeHllTa JKeHa, a (TBP,ll;ll OAayc MarHYC y 5. KH:.1l311,
nOrAaBlbY 23) 6eIlle npBa Koja ce o,a;a rycapeH>Y, llMajyhll
y3 ce6e MHOIllTBO ,a;eBojaKa llCTllX CKAOHOCTll. HaMepllBIllll
ce je,a;HoM npllAllKOM Ha <PAOTY C MYIllKOM noca,a;OM KOjOj
6eIlle y611jeH KaneTaH, Ka,a; Tll MyIllKapull YBll,a;eIlle H>eHe
BpAllHe, AenoTY II Cp"laHOCT, nOCTaBllIlle je Ha nOAOJKaj
3anOBe,a;Hllue <pAoTe YMecTo norllHyor KaneTaHa. Y ,a;o6a
paTa 113Meoy IllBe,a;CKor Kpalba PllHrOHa II ,a;aHCKOr Kpalba
G.n.oeeH.CKe XapaA,ll;a, CAOBeHCKe JKeHe (KaKO nllIlly AA6epT KpaHu y
.'?ICeHe naMfVICY 12. nOrAaBlbY 1. KH>llre 0 BaH,a;aAHjll II OAayc MarHYc y 5.
UU3eOCKaM:
KpWby npomue KH>1l311, n~rAaBlby 8) nO,a;yITllpyhll ~apaA,ll;a, He CAYJKllIlle y
AaHal.j,a.
H>erOBllM Je,a;llHlluaMa CaMO KaO BOJHllUll Beh, npllTeKHyB- jyhll y TOMe IIAeMeHllTOCT ,a;ap,a;aHCKliX JKeHa lIS I1AllpllKa
Illll y BeAllKOM 6pojy, 06aBlbaxy Y TOM nO,ll;yXBaTY II ,ll;YJKHO­
CTll BojcKoBoOa. I1CTaKOIlle ce Ta,a;a HapO"lllTO CAOBeHKe
CnoeeHKe
lIM He 6eIlle Moryhe 1136ehll ponCTBo, ySllMaxy CBOjy ,a;euy
TeKTa II BllCHa, Koje KaKO no HapaBll TaKO II no BeIllTllHloI
TeKma u
KaKO cBje,a;O"lll ITOAll611je y 3. KH>llSll. Hll ,a;aAMaTllHCKli 145
rpa,a; CaAOHa He 611 ce Morao ,a;pyra"lllje OCAo60,ll;llTll Ca.TtOHa
0C.Tt06obeHa
,a;yroTpajHe onca,a;e uapa OKTaBlljaHa, Hero saxBalbyjyhll
3ax8WbYiy1'iU
TaMOIlllbllM JKeHaMa, KaKO nllIlle .llllOH y 42. KH>1l311 OBaKO .'?ICeHaMa.
rOBopehll: CaAOHllTaHUll Ha Kpajy llsaOOIlle pa3japeHll lIS
rpa,a;a 3aje,a;HO ca CBOjllM JKeHaMa, Te jYPHYIlle Ha lbllX II
SaMeTHYIlle CllAaH II "laCTaH 6oj. )KeHe ce pacnYIllTeHe KO­
ce o,a;eHyIlle y UpHe XalbllHe, Y3eIlle y PYKe 6aKlbe ll, YKpaT­
KO, nonpllMllIlle KOAllKO 611 Moryhe 3allCTa sacTpaIllYjyhll
llsrAe,a;, Te TaKO OKO nOHohll yna,a;oIlle y HenplljaTelbcKli
Aorop nope,a; cTpa::m::apa 3rpaHyTllX o,a; CllAHOra CTpaxa KO­
jllMa ce, llCTllHY roBopehll, npll'illHllIlle HaAHK CaMllM
BparoBllMa. Y TpeH nO,lI.MeTHyIlle BaTpy ca CBllX CTpaHa AO­
ropa, a MYJKeBll lbllXOBll, KOjll ll,a;OIlle sa lbllMa, noceKOIlle
BeAllKll ,a;eo BojHllKa npo6yoeHllx MeTeJKOM II BeAllKll ,a;eo
OHllX KOjll jOIll cnaBaxy. Ha Taj Ha"lllH sanoce,a;HyIlle AOrop
II "lllTaBO TO MeCTO r,a;e ce 6eIlle saYCTaBllAa OKTaBlljaHOBa
BojcKa. Je,ll;HaKO TaKO OCBeTAaIlle CAOBeHCKO lIMe JKeHe 113
Be.rtuKa xpa-
,a;aAMaTllHCKor rpa,a;a Ap,a;y6e. Te JKeHe (npeMa llCTOM TOM
6pocm.'?ICeHa
.llllOHY y 56. KH>1l311), YBll,ll;eBIllll ,a;a H>llXOBll MYJKeBll JKeAe U3Apoy6e.
CKAOnllTll Mllp C PilMlbaHllMa II nOCTaTll H>llXOBll no,a;aHll­
ull, npllKAOHllIlle ce Hajnpe PllMCKliM npe6esllMa CKAO­
lbeHllM y Ap,a;y611, KOjll ce 6ejaxy HaopYJKaAll npoTllB rpa­
oaHa; HO Ka,a; OBll OCTaIlle nopa::m::eHll II Ka,a; OHe cxsaTllB­
Illll ,a;a lIM ce MYJKeBll JKeAe sallCTa no,a;"lllHllTll PilMlbaHll­
Ma, JKelbHe cAo6o,a;e "lBPCTO o,ll;AyqllIlle ,a;a he pa,a;llje no,a;­
HeTll 6llAO IllTa, caMO He no,a;"llllbeHOCT. CTora Y3eIlle CBojy
)KeHe U3
,a;euy, na llX 6aullIlle Koja y BaTpy, Koja y peKY, onOHaIUa­
Aa.JlMal.j,uje
c.Mampaxy
Koje (Ka::m::e .llllOH) BepOBaxy ,a;a je ponCTBO BeAllKa cpa­ poncmeo
ee.rtUKaM:
MOTa. Ho SaTeKaBIllll ce nOHeKa,a; y TaKBOM nOAOJKajy ,a;a
cpaMOmaM:.

EuCHa xpa6pe
6ejaxy llCKYCHe paTHllue MYJKeBHe Cp"laHOCTll. TeKTa 6eja­
Ha PYKe II 6auaxy llX y pe"lHll BpTAor Bll"lyhll Ha caB rAac:
pamHuye.
Ille Booa BeAllKOr ,a;eAa BojcKe, a BllCHa 6ejaIlle rAaBHll 3a­ Bll 3acllrypHo HeheTe HllKOMe po60BaTll, jep npe HO IllTO
CTaBHllK, ,a;a 611 je nOTOM y cYKo6y BojcKoBooa CBeBCKe BOj- KpO"lllTe nyTeM TaKO ja,a;Hor JKllBOTa, ,a;OK CTe jOIll
CKe ,a;llB CTapKaTep AllIllllO 3aCTaBe 3aje,a;HO C "lllTaBOM ,a;e­ CAo6o,ll;Hll, OKOH"lahe ce oBaj BaIll KpaTKli ::lKHBOT. fOTOBO
CHOM PYKOM. 3a AMa30HKaMa He saocTajaxy no xpa6pOCTll llCTO TO yqllHllIlle II ,a;aAMaTllHCKe JKeHe (Kao IllTO npllno­
Hll "leIllKe ,a;eBllUe Koje (KaKO je Beh pe"leHO) norpa611Ille Be,a;a ApnoHTax 113 Bop,a;oa y PacnpaBll 0 npOMeHaMa ,a;p­
opYJKje II npOTepaBIllll MYIllKapue 3a,a;pJKaIlle ce,a;aM ro,a;ll- JKaBa) Ka,a; YBll,a;eIlle ,a;a lIM MYJKeBllMa MalbKajy CTpeAe II
MaKeOOHKa
Ha BAaCT Ha,a; KpalbeBCTBOM. CllHaHa MaKe,a;OHKa, ,a;aKAe Konlba, na Y3eIlle ,a;euy II nOTp"laBIllll C H>llMa Ha PYKaMa
CuHaHa
CAOBeHKa (KaKO heMO KacHllje nOKasaTll), ceCTpa AAeKCaH­ 6aullIlle llX y Allue HenplljaTelbllMa. 0 TOMe nllIlle II ¢>AOP
npeoeooHuya
,a;pa BeAllKOr, nonyT HeKe HOBe Mapnesllje CTa,a;e Ha "leAO II Ka::m::e ,a;a TO 6ejaxy llAllpCKe JKeHe. .llpyre MHoro6pojHe
eojc/CU.
BOjCKll, YXBaTll ce Y KOIllTaU C HenplljaTelbllMa II CBOjllM npllMepe BpAllHa, CHare II Cp"laHOCTll CAOBeHCKllX JKeHa,
PYKaMa YCMPTll llAllpCKY KpalbllUY Kaplljy. TeYTa, JKeHa Koje 611X Morao OB,a;e HaBeCTll, ca,a; hy HaMepHO npehyTaTll
Teyma,

KpWbuya
llAllpCKOr Kpalba ArpOHa, HaKOH MYJKeBe CMpTll BAa,a;aIlle
II nplloHyTll Ha npll"ly 0 ,a;pyrllM Hapo,a;llMa KOjll, npeM,a;a 146
Aa.JlMayuje.
,a;yro .llaAMaTllHUllMa, MYJKeBllMa BeAllKe xpa6poCTll Ha­ He nOTeKOIlle 113 CKaH,a;llHaBllje, llnaK npllna,a;axy je,a;llH­
BllKAllMa Ha paTHe no6e,a;e Ha,a; PllMlbaHllMa, npoTllB KOjllX CTBeHoj CAOBeHcKoj HaUlljll. Pa,a;ll ce 0 Tpa"laHllMa II 0
TeyTa "leCTO nOBe,a;e 6op6y II TO HllnOIllTO MaAO,ll;YIllHO, I1AllpllMa, KOjll roBOPaxy jesllKoM 3aje,a;Hll"lKllM .lla"laHllMa
226 227
 r
TpaliaHU, H rOTHMa, KaKO TBp,n:H CTpa60H y 7. KH.H3H. npeMa OHOMe
linupu u romu IIlTO H3AffiKe CB. JepoHHM y CBOM KOMeHTapy Ha KlbHry
ZOfJ0p'axy uc- nOCTaHKa, TpaqaHH cy rrOTeKAH o,n: THpa, ce,n:Mor Jacpe­
mUM Je3WWM. . 6 T ..
TOBor CHHa, rro KOjeM ,n:o H HMe paKHja, je,n:Ha o,n: Haj­
.
60lbliX eBporrCKHX Hau.Hja. )leAH ce Ha rre,n:eceT rroKpajHHa,
a YHYTap lbeHliX rpaHHu.a, rrpeMa CaAOHH, rrpOTe:>Ke ce
peKa MCTap; Ha HCTOKY U:PHOMopje H nporrOHTH,n:a, Ha jyry
ErejcKo Mope, a Ha 3arra.n:y MaKe,n:OHHja (KaKO H3BeIIlTa­
Bajy MCH,n:OP H Opo3Hje) rrOTrra,n:ajy rro,n: TpaKHjy, 3eMlbY
BeAHKY H MohHY, rro,n:elbeHY Ha BeAHKe H cpehHe Hapo,n:e. Y
CBOM HH3Y KpalbeBCTaBa H 36HBalba Jop,n:aHec rrHIIle ,n:a
PHMlbaHH He Harra,n:OIIle TpaqaHe ,n:pyraqHje, Hero rrpHAH­
KOM MaKe,n:OHCKor paTa. HaHMe, o.n:yBeK cy 6HAH (KaKO rrH­
IIly Mo,n:eCT H Po6epT BaATYPHO) TaKBH paTHHU.H ,n:a rrpeMa
rrpe,n:alby H caM Mapc 6ejaIIle TpaqKOra po,n:a. rO,n:HHe 639.
o,n: OCHHBalba PHMa, xapajyhH TeCaAHjoM H )laAMaU.HjOM,
CTHrOIIle ,n:o o6aAa Ja,n:paHCKOr Mopa, rra Ka,n: YBH,n:eIIle ,n:a
He MOry ,n:albe, KpeHYIIle (KffiKe i\yu.Hje ¢lAOP y 4. rrorAaBlbY
3. KlbHre) o,n:arrHlbaTH cTpeAe y Mope, Kao ,n:a THMe :>KeAe
pehH ,n:a HX OHO CrrpeqaBa,n:a CTeKHY CAaBY H HOBe rro6e,n:e.
Ka,n: nH30H 3apo6H HeKoAHu.HHY IbHX, 3y6HMa ,n:orpa6HIIle
AaHu.e KojHMa 6ejaxy Be3aHH, Te HX CTa,n:OIIle rpHCTH y Be­
AHKOM 6ecy. 360r lbHXOBe OKPYTHOCTH H :>KeCTHHe, a
HapOqHTO OHHX C rrAaHHHe XeMOC H H3 ACTHrHca, PHMlba­
HH rrpeTprreIIle BeAHKe H TeIIlKe IIlTeTe, a y qeCTHM 6HT­
KaMa pHMCKa BojcKa 6H CaCeqeHa. Ho KOHaqHO Ha,n: Tpa­
qaHHMa o,n:Hece rro6e.n:y MapKo KAay,n:Hje HAH MapKo )lH,n:H­
OH, a 3eMlbe TpaqKe crra,n:OIIle Ha rrOAO:>Kaj rroKpajHHe. OHe
C rrAaHHHe XeMoc 3a,n:eCH rrporracT o,n: pYKe MapKa )lpY3a
,lI.0 ICaoa Tpa- . . M.
1CUja 3aopJ/Ca roTOBO Ha CaMOj lbHXOBOj IIAaHHHH. HHyu.Hje 3aTpe MHore
fJAacmumoz o,n: lbliX y peu.H Xe6ap H rro6e,n:H HX. Po,n:orrH rrpeTprreIIle
ICpQ.lba.. rropa3 o,n: MapKa KAay,n:Hja. TpaKHja HMa,n:e a CBora KPalba<
,n:o AeTa rOcrro,n:lbera 48, Ka,n: 6H Y rroTrryHoCTH rro,n:qHlbeHa
PHMlbaHHMa H CBe,n:eHa Ha rroKpajHHY. MAHPH ,n:06HIIle TO
HMe rro MAHpy, CHHY MCTpa (rrpeMa Bepocy XaA.n:ejCKOM).
HAll Ka,n:Ma (KaKO TBp,n:H EBCTaxHje) , HAH rraK nOAHcpeMa
(rro ArrHjaHY H3 AAeKcaH,n:pHje) H raAaTeje. Ho 6e3 063Hpa
Ha TO je AH 6HO CHH MCTpa, Ka,n:Ma HAH nOAHcpeMa, jacHo je
,n:a cy CBH MAHpH rrOTeKAH o,n: lbera. HaHMe. MAHP 6ejaIIle
147 oTau.,
KaKO H3BeIIlTaBa HCTH Taj. ArrHjaH,
. AxHAa, AyTapHja,.
llap,n:aHa, Me,n:a, TaYAaHu.Hja H nepe6a, o,n: KOjHX rrOTe­
KOIIle naHOH, CKOp,n:HCK H TpH6aA, a KhepH My 6ejaxy
napTa, )laopTa H )lacepa. O,n: lbliX Bo,n:e rropeKAO BeAHKH H
CTpaIIlHH HAHpCKH Hapo,n:H, TO jeCT AxHAeju.H, AYTapHjaTH,
llap,n:aHH, Me,n:H, TaYAaHu.H, nepe6HjH, naHOHu.H, CKOP­
,n:HCU.H, TpH6aAH, napTeHH, )laopcH H )lacapeTH. O,n: lbliX
rrOTeKOIIle 3aTHM ,n:pyrH Hapo,n:H, HaCTalbeHH y 3eMlbH ,n:a­
Hac 3BaHoj MAHpHja, KOjH ce TaKooe HCTaKOIIle paTHHqKOM
228
BeIIlTHHOM. PaToBaxy HaHMe .n:yro C PHMlbaHHMa, a rrpBH AZPOH, ICpQ.lb
paT H3Meoy J1AHpa H PHMlbaHa BO,n:HO ce (rrpeMa TBp,n:lbaMa HAupuICa u
ArrHjaHa H3 AAeKcaH,n:pHje y lberoBoM MAHPHKY) 3a BpeMe ,lI.aJ!MalJ,uje.
BAa,n:aBHHe Kpalba ArpOHa. OTau. My 6HjaIIle OAeypaT, a
KpalbeBaIIle OHHM ,n:eAOM J1AHpHKa KOjH ce rrpOTe:>Ke OKO
3aAHeBa JOHCKor Mopa H KOjHM Her,n:a 6ejaxy rocrro,n:apHAH
errHpCKH Kpalb nHp H lberOBH HaCAe,n:HHu.H. ArpOH ,n:p:>KaIIle
TaKooe ,n:06ap ,n:eo ErrHpa, Kpcp, )lpaq H ¢lapoc, a lberOBa
BojcKa, KaKO rreIIla,n:Hja, TaKO H KOlbHu.a, 6ejaIIle HajBeha
o,n: CBHX BOjCKH Koje HKa,n:a 6HjaIIle HMao 6HAO KOjH o,n:
rrpeTxo,n:HHX HAHpCKliX KpalbeBa. Ha MOA6y )leMeTpHja, IJQMCVKe
MUOuOHlJ,UMa
ou.a MaKe,n:OHCKor Kpalba ¢lHAHrra, rrpHTeKHY y rroMoh npomUfJ
MH,n:HoHu.HMa rrpoTHB ETolbaHa. OBH ce ,n:pyrH 6exy yTa­ EmO.lbaHa.
60PHAH Ha HeKOAHKO MeCTa OKO rpa,n:a MH,n:HoHa, Te ra orr­
KOAHIIle HacTojehH CBHM CHaraMa H Ha CBaKH HaqHH
rrOCTaTH lberoBH rocrro,n:apH. Meoy IbHMa 6ejaIIle H Xa3­
,n:py6aA ACPPHKaHau., 3eT XaMHAKapoB H BojcKoBooa KapTa­
rHHCKe BojcKe. HaIIlaBIIlH ce, ,n:aKAe, rro,n: orrca,n:OM, MH,n:H­
OHU.H rrpeBe30IIle Hohy y MH,n:HOH H o6AH)Klba MeCTa OKO
CTOTHHY AaOa. Ha THM AaoaMa 6eIIle ,n:eceT XHlba,n:a MAHpa
KOjH, rrpHCTaBIIlH y AYU.H Ka,n: je Beh CBHTaAO, KPHIIlOM ce H
XHTpHM KOPaKOM HCKpu.aIIle C 6po,n:oBa, Te rrpeMa CBOM
06Hqajy rrOBe,n:OIIle je,n:HHHu.e rrpoTHB eTOACKe BojcKe. Ka,n:
ETolbaHH ,n:03HaIIle 3a lbHXOB ,n:OAa3aK, rrpeM,n:a Ta HOBOCT H
rr03HaTa O,n:BffiKHOCT MAHpa THIIlTaxy eTOACKa cpu.a H .n:yxo­
Be, HrraK ce y6p30 OCOKOAHIIle rroy3,n:ajyhH ce y cBoje cHare,
Te rrOCTaBHIIle HajBehH ,n:eo KOlba H HaopY:>KaHHx lby,n:H Ha
3apaBaH rrpe,n: AoropoM, ,n:OK ,n:pyrH ,n:eo KOlba C rrpeTxo,n:­
HHU.OM rrOCAaIIIe ,n:a 3ay3My HeKOAHKO BpAO rroro,n:HHx Mec­
Ta He,n:aAeKO o,n: Aoropa. MAHPH O,n:Max pa3japeHo HaBa­
AHIIle Ha rrpeTxo,n:HHu.y, Te HeIIlTO 360r MHO:>KHHe BojHHKa,
HeIIlTO CTora jep je,n:HHHu.e 6exy 36HjeHe y cpe,n:HHH, y Tpe­
HY liX HarHaIIle ,n:a Y3MaKHY, a lbliXOBe KOlbe HaTepaIIle y 148
HAUPU
CpaMHH 6er HaTpar K OCTaTKY BojcKe. nO,n:CTaKHYBIIlH 3a­ nomyICY
THM je,n:HHHu.e Ha rrpHKAa,n:HHM rrOAO:>KajHMa, y jYPHIIlY Ha EmO.lbaHe.
OHe Ha 3apaBHH CBe HX 3aqaC HaTepaIIle y 6eKCTBO. MH,n:H­
OHU.H H3aIIlaBIIlH H3 rpa,n:a KpeHYIIle 3a lbHMa, Te rro6HIIle
BeAHKH ,n:eo ETOlbaHa, a ,n:pyrH ,n:eo IbliX 3apo6HIIle H 6e3
OTrropa rrpHcBojHIIle eTOACKO OPY:>Kje H OCTaAY orrpeMY. M3­
BpIIlHBIIlH KpalbeBY 3arrOBeCT H YKpU.aBIIlH Ha 6po,n:OBe orr­
peMY H rrAeH, MAHPH ce O,n:Max BpaTHIIle KYhH. Kpalb Ar­
POH, Ka,n: CTHrOIIle rro6e,n:HHqKH 6PO,n:OBH, Y30XOAHBIIlH ce
o,n: HeBepOBaTHe pa,n:OCTH H ,n:03HaBIIlH 3a ycrrexe CBOjHX
lby,n:H rrpOTHB ETOlbaHa TaKO CHryPHliX Y BAaCTHTe CHare,
o,n:a ce y HeBpeMe CAaBlbY H r036aMa. nHjyhH y CAaCT H
rrpeKO CBaKe Mepe H rrpo6,n:eBIIlH MHore HohH, 060lbe H
Hcu.prrlbeH 60AeIIlhy y POKY o,n: HeKOAHKO ,n:aHa rrpeMHHY.
3a BAa,n:aBHHe Tora Kpalba (KaKO peKOCMO rrpeMa ArrHjaHY)
229
 "I"""'"
I
YMpe KpG.Jb PHMlbaHH nOBe)J.OIIIe npBe paTOBe H CKAOnHIIIe npBe CIIO­
A2POli U 3aana- pa3y:Me C HAHpHMa, 6y.n;yhH )J.a je ArpOH )J.ao nory6HTH
oa 1t>e2oea H>HXOBe IIOKAHCape. Ho H3Y3eB AIIHjaHa. HH je)J.aH )J.pyrH
.//Celia Teyma. ayTop He IIHIIIe 0 TOMe. IT OAH 6' HJe H T HT HHBHJe
i\ •
:Ka:.'IKY )J.a
H>eroBa JKeHa TeYKa, KOjy AyU;Hje ¢>AOP 30Be TeY3a, a CB.
JepOHHM TeyTa, 6eIIIe Ta Koja H3a3Ba CBa Ta npeBHpaH>a.
nU'/iej, CUIi HaHMe, HaKOH CMPTH OCTaBH H>e3HH MYJK 3a C060M CHHa
K.pG.lba A2p0'lia. ITHHeja, )J.OK JKeHH TeyTH OCTaBH BAaCT Ha)J. Kpa.n:.eBCTBoM
Teyma 6ejawe H je)J.HaRO TaRO 6pHry Ha)J. H>eroBHM CHHOM, KOMe TeyTa He
MaFiexa
nUH£jeea.
6eIIIe MaJKa.
. CT~IIHBII1H, )J.aKAe, Ha IIpecTO,. HaJIIpe
. )J.a)J.e
)J.OnyIIITeH>e CBOJHM IbY)J.HMa )J.a CBH OHH KOJH JKeAe IIAO­
Teymu'/ia lia­
peo6a ICQnema- BHTH 3a BAaCTHTH paqyH MOry HeKaJKH>eHO IIIbaqKaTH CBe
'/iUMa 1t>e3Ulie IIITO HM )J.o)J.e no)J. PYKY. HaKOH Tora OKYIIH BeAHKY <pAOry
qmome. H noCAa je Ha Mope, nporAaCHBII1H KpajeBe Ha CYIIPOTHOj
06aAH HenpHjaTeIbcKHM 3eMIbaMa. KaneTaHH C <pAOTOM Y
npBoj HaBaAH HacpHyrne Ha EAH3Hju;e H MeceHu;e, jep cy
HAHPH HMaAH 06Hqaj qeCTO xapaTH THM KpajeBHMa. HaH­
Me, C 063HPOM Ha JJ.YJKHHY 06aAe H Ha TO )J.a cy HajBaJKHHjH
TaMOII1H>H rpa)J.OBH CMeIIITeHH y YHYTpaIIIH>OCTH, He 6eIIIe
AaKO 6paHHTH ce O)J. HAHPCKHX yrra)J.a, Te HAHpH CTora 6e3
CTpaxa xapaxy qHTaBOM nOKpajHHOM YHHIIITaBajyhH H
pa3apajyhH CBe npe)J. C060M. Y TO )J.06a, JKeAehH ce cHa6)J.e­
TH xpaHoM, cAyqaj HX HaHece y AA6aHHjy H )J.ocneIIIe y ¢>e­
HHKY. Y TOM rpa.n;y 60paBHAa je Ta)J.a IIoca)J.a 0)J. ocaM CTO­
TIolHa raACKHX BojHHKa Koje AA6aHU;H IIAahaxy 3a 0)J.6paHY
rpa)J.a. ,llOroBOPHBII1H ce C THM IIAaheHHU;HMa 0 H3)J.ajH
149 rpa)J.a, qeMY ce raAH HH MaAO He onHpaxy, HCKpu;aIIIe ce
HAupu 3ay3.M.y Ha Kom:o. Y3 IIOMOh raAa 3arocnO)J.apHII1e rpa)J.OM H CBHMe
2pao <Peliu/cy y IIITO 6HJaIIIe y H>eMY. Ka)J. AA6aHU;H )J.03HaIIIe 3a TO, CMeCTa
A.lt6aliuju. C qHTaBHM nyKOM KpeHyIIIe y nOMoh rpa.n;y, He)J.aAeKO O)J.
Kora ce YAoropHIIIe Ha 06aAaMa 06AHJKH>e peKe, a KaRO 6H
ce OCHryPaAH 0)J. oCBajaqa H3 rpa)J.a, YKAOHHIIIe C MOCTtl.
)J.acKe. Y MeoyspeMeHY )J.onpe )J.O H>HX BeCT )J.a ce KonHOM
IIpeKO yCKHX npeAa3a AHTHroHHje IIpH6AHJKaBa CKep)J.e­
AaH)J. C neT XHIba)J.a HAHpa. ITO)J.eAHIIIe CTora BOjCKY: je)J.aH
)J.eo nOCAaIIIe y AHTHroHHjy )J.a qysajy TaMOIIIH>e IIpeAa3e,
)J.OK )J.PyrH OCTaII1e Ha CBOM MeCTY CHryPHH, rOTOBO Kao )J.a
ce HHMaAO He 60je HAHpCKe npeTH>e. HAHPH, KOjH KaKO CMO
peKAH 6ejaxy y rpa.n;y, )J.03HaBII1H 3a Ty nO)J.eAY BojcKe H 3a
HecMoTpeHoCT HenpHjaTeIba, ycpe)J. HohH H3aOoIIIe H3 rpa­
)J.a, IIOCTaBHIIIe )J.aCKe Ha MOCT H IIpeooIIIe peKY, Te IIpO­
HaIIIaBIIIH IIPHpO)J.HO yTBpoeHO MeCTO npOBe)J.OIIIe TaMO
KPa)J.OM H Y nOTIIYHoj THIIIHHH OCTaTaK HohH. TeK IIITO
CBaHY oKYnHIIIe ce jeJJ.HHHu;e C H C )J.pyre CTpaHe H
3aMeTHY ce 60j, a n06e)J.a npHIIa)J.e HAHpHMa. TeK ce He­
KOAHU;HHa npoTHBHHKa cnaCH 6eKcTBoM, a )J.pyrH HAH
norH60IIIe HAH 6exy 3ap06IbeHH. AA6aHU;H npHTHCHyTH Ta­
KO BeAHKHM HeBOIbaMa H H3ry6HBIIIH CBaKY Ha.n;y y cnac,
230
nOCAaII1e ETOIbaHHMa H AxajU;HMa cBoje IIOKAHCape )J.a
3aTpaJKe IIOMOh. OHH ce CMHAOBaIIIe aA6aHCKHM ry6HU;HMa
H JKeAehH HM nOMohH O)J.OIIIe y XeAHKpaH. HAHPH 0 KojHMa
CMO rope rOBOpHAH 6ejaxy ce KO)J. ¢>eHHKe IIpH)J.pyJKHAH
CKep)J.eAaH)J.oBHM CHaraMa H 3aje)J.H0 npHcTHrAH Ha HCTO
TO MeCTO. YTa60pHBIIIH ce He)J.aAeKO O)J. ETOIbaHa H Axa­
jau;a, HacTojaIIIe 3aMeTHyTH 6HTKY, HO CnpeqaBaIIIe HX y
TOMe Henoro)J.HOCT TepeHa. Y MeOYBpeMeHY, IIITaBHIIIe,
npHMHIIIe O)J. Kpa.n:.Hu;e nopYKe Y KojHMa HM OHa Hapeoyje
)J.a ce CBH HeO)J.AO:lKHO BpaTe, jep HeKOAHKO rpa)J.OBa 6eIIIe
naAO y pYKe ,llap)J.aHHMa, IIa)J.a HX BpaTe IIO)J. H>eHY BAaCT.
3aTO, noxapaBIIIH qHTaBY IIoKpajHHY, )J.a)J.oIIIe AA6aHU;HMa
IIpHMHpje OCTaBHBIIIH HM rpa)J. H CA060.n;y, HO nOBe)J.oIIIe ca
C060M Ha AaDe MHOIIITBO p060Ba H )J.pyrora IIAeHa. TaRO ce
je)J.aH )J.eo H>HX MopeM, a )J.pyrH )J.eo KOnHOM npeKo AH­
THroHHje BpaTH KYhH, H3a3BaBIIIH BeAHKH cTpax y rpqKHM Tp"tKa y
IIPHMOpCKHM rpa)J.oBHMa. HaHMe, BH)J.eBIIIH OnIbaqKaH MH­ cmpaxy 3602
MO CBaKor OqeKHBaH>a CHaJKaH H MohaH aA6aHCKH rpa)J., 3aY3eFia
<PeliUK.e.
He 60jaxy ce TOAHKO 3a cBoje 3eMIbe (Kao HeKa)J.a), Beh 3a
ce6e caMe H 3a cBoje rpa)J.OBe. HaROH IIITO HAHPH 6ejaxy
Ha Taj HaqHH OCBOjHAH rpa)J. ¢>eHHKY, HeKOAHU;HHa HX ce
O)J.BOjH 0)J. <pAoTe H OnIbaqKa HTaAHjaHcKe TproBu;e KOjH 150
6ejaxy Ha nyry y Taj rpa)J. HAH ce naR Bpahaxy y HTaAHjy:
HaHMe, MHorO HX :lKHBIbarne y ¢>eHHKH HaROH II1TO cy je
OCBOjHAH HAHpH. PHMIbaHH cy HX Beh npe Tora BHIIIe HO
je)J.HOM yn030pHAH Ha TO, HO OBH TO HHCY CXBaTHAH 03­
6HIbHO. Ca)J. HX MeOYTHM nyHO H>HX )J.oOe y CeHaT JKaAHTH
ce 360r IIITeTa npeTpnIbeHHX O)J. HAHpa, Te 6exy nOCAaHH y
HAHPHK H3aCAaHHU;H IT. JYHHje H T. AyU;Hje KopYKaH. Ka)J.
ce HAHpCKH 6PO)J.OBH cpehHO BpaTHIIIe, TeyTa, )J.HBehH ce
KBaAHTeTy H KOAH1:{HHH IIAeHa Uep ¢>eHHKa 6eIIIe Haj60ra­
THjH aA6aHCKH rpa)J.), OCMeAH ce npOTHB rpKa H jOIII BHIIIe
YCIIAaMTe O)J. :lKeIbe )J.a 3apaTH C H>HMa, HO YHyTpaIIIH>H je
pa3)J.opH y 3eMIbH CnpeqHIIIe y TOMe He )J.onYIIITajyhH joj
HOBe nOJJ.YXBaTe. H3rAa)J.HBIIIH MeOYTHM cnopOBe y HAH­
pHKY H )J.pJKehH no)J. OIICa)J.OM Hcy, je)J.HHH rpa)J. KOjH CBe
)J.OTa)J. 6ejarne YIIOPHO o)J.oAeBao, )J.oOoIIIe K TeYTH PHMCKH PuM.lbaliu
IIOKAHCapH. Kpa.n:.Hu;a HM )J.a)J.e BpeMeHa )J.a H3Hecy IIITO WG.JbY Teymu
n01CJ!ucape.
:lKeAe, Te joj OHH HcnpHIIoBe)J.HIIIe 0 HaHeTHM HM IIITeTaMa.
Kpa.n:.Hu;a HX OXOAO H JJ.PCKO cacAyrna, Te Ka)J. OHH 3aBpIIIH­
IIIe O)J.roBOPH HM )J.a he ype)J.HTH )J.a HHKaKBa yBpe)J.a HH
IIITeTa He 6Y)J.e HaHeCeHa PHMIbaHHMa jaBHo, HO )J.a HCTO­
BpeMeHO HHje 06Hqaj KpaIbeBa 6paHHTH HAHpHMa )J.a no­
je)J.HHaqHO H 3a BAaCTHTH paqyH H3BAaqe KOPHCT O)J. nAO­
BHJJ.6e. Ha Te Kpa.n:.HqHHe peqH HajMAaOH O)J. IIOKAHCapa
)J.a)J.e O)J.rOBOp )J.OCTojaH IIAeMeHHTa .n;yxa, aAH He 6eIIIe TO
O)J.roBOP y IIpaBH qac. 3Haj, TeyTa (peqe), )J.a PHMIbaHH
HMajy OJJ.AHqaH 06Hqaj, a Taj je )J.a ce npHBaTHo oCBehyjy
231
 "....
Teyma HapeiJu 38. jaBHo npHMlheHe yape)l.e H )l.a nOTnOMIDKy OHe KOjH cy
y6ucmeo npHMHAH yapeJl.Y, Te heMo CTora ()l.OnyCTH AH Bor) npe)l.­
ptLMCKUX Y3eTH CBe lllTO je y Hallloj MohH, Te helll y6p30 6HTH
USaCJtaHwca. npHcHlbeHa H3MeHHTH Te KpalbeBCKe 06H"Iaje. Te pe"lH
TaKO paCp)l.Hllle KpalbHLJ.Y )l.a OHa, He 06a3HpyhH ce Ha TO
lllTa he pehH lbY)l.H, nOCAa 3a H3aCAaHHIJ;HMa lbY)l.e KOjH HX,
3a6HBlllH HM ceKHpe y rAaBY, y6Hllle, a 3anOBe)l.HHKe 6po­
)l.OBa CnaAHllle. K:a.,z:{ BeCT 0 TOMe )l.onpe )l.0 rpMa. PHM­
lbaHH CMeCTa npHCTynHllle npHnpeMaMa 3a paT, perpyTa­
IJ;HjH H onpeMaFbY 6pO)l.OBa, Te KOHa"iHO He nponYCTHllle
Teyma nOHOeo npeJl.Y3eTH HHlllTa O)l. OHora lllTO O)l.rOBapa OCBeTH 3a
nOl.UCUbe 6po- TaKBY CYPOBOCT. Ho C )l.OAaCKOM npoAeha, KpalbHIJ;a nOCAa
aoee npomue y rp"lKY MHOro BHllle Aaba HO npBH nyT. Je)l.aH )l.eO FbHX
rpl'w. 151 OTnAOBH Ha KpcP; )l.pyrH O)l.Ollle y AYKY rpa)l.a Llpa"l, Te
npeTBapajyhH ce Kao )l.a cy TaMO )l.a 6H ce cHa6)l.eAH BO)l.OM
H xpaHOM, O)l.AyqHllle 3aY3eTH rpM. Llpa"laHH, CHrypHH H
HHlllTa He cYMFbajyhH, )l.onyCTHllle HM )l.a HeHaopYJRaHH
y1)y y rpM, BepyjyhH KaKO cy TaMO 360r BO)l.e H xpaHe. Ho
KM TeyTHHH lbY)l.H BH)l.ellle )l.a HM je )l.onylllTeHo yhH y
rpM, H3BYKollle Ma"leBe CKpHBeHe y nocY)l.aMa 3a BOJl.Y, Te
caceKOllle CTpruKape Ha rpMcKHM BpaTHMa H 3arOCnO)l.a­
pHllle YAa30M y rpM. LlpyrH )l.eo FbHX, npeMa )l.06HjeHoj Ha­
pe)l.6H, npH1)e rpa)l.j' C 06aAe H 3aY3e BeAHK )l.eo 3H)l.HHa.
llpeM)l.a nOnpHAHqHO npecTpameHH TaKBHM H3HeHMHHM
pa3BojeM )l.ora1)aja, rpa1)aHH ce HnaK y xpa6poj H cp"laHoj
0)l.6paHH oJl.Ynpellle, Te HAHPH KOHa"lHO 6exy npHcHlbeHH
nOByhH ce ca 3H)l.HHa. OHH, )l.aKAe, KojHMa 360r HeCMOT­
peHoCTH FbHXOBe 6ellle 3anpeTHAa onaCHOCT )l.a H3ry6e JKH­
BOT H )l.OMOBe, 3axBalbyjyhH CBOjOj CHa3H He 6exy OTpneAH
HHKaKBa 3Aa, Te HX TO HayqH )l.a y6YJl.Yhe 6yJl.Y My)l.PHjH H
onpe3HHjH. HAHPCKH 3anOBe)l.HHIJ;H O)l.Max HaAOJKHllle )l.a
ce O)l.BeJKY Aa1)e H OTnAOBH Ha nyqHHY, r)l.e CYCTHrOllle OHe) <
KOjH KaKO CMO peKAH, 6exy Ha nyTy 3a KpcP. Y6p3allle 3a­
THM 3aje)l.HO nAOBH)l,6y H OnKOAHllle rpM. Hapo)l. KPcPa,
3aTe"leH H3HeHMHHM 3AOM H OCAaFbajyhH ce Ha cBoje CHa­
re, nOCAa nOKAHcape AxajIJ;HMa H ETolbaHHMa. 3aTpruKHllle
jOlll nOMoh H O)l. rpMOBa AnoAoHHje H Llpa"la, MOAehH HX
)l.a He )l.onyCTe )l.a 360r 3A06e 6yJl.Y HCTepaHH O)l. BapBapa
H3 3aBH"Iaja. CMHAOBaBlllH ce HeBOlbaMa KpcPlbaHa, )l.06a­
BHllle )l.eCeT axejcKHX OKAOnlbeHHX Aaba H HaKOH CBera
HeKOAHKO )l.aHa nAOBH)l.6e CTHrollle Ha KPcP, HMajyhH ce
Ha nO"leTKY )l.a he HX OCA060)l.HTH 6ap6apcKe onCMe. Ho
CKAOnHBlllH caBe3 C AKapHaHIJ;HMa, HAHPH 6ejaxy )l.06HAH
O)l. FbHX Ce)l.aM OKAOnlbeHHX Aa1)a KojHMa HacpHyllle Ha
AxajIJ;e. 3aTeKaBlllH HX He)l.aAeKO O)l. oCTpBa 3BaHor llaxH,
AKapHaHIJ;H 3aMeTHyme 6HTKY. AxajcKe Aabe 6exy y 60p6H
paBHonpaBHe AabaMa AKapHaHaIJ;a H HeolllTeheHe O)l.OAe­
Baxy HanMHMa, HO lbY)l.H H3 FbHXOBHX nOca)l.a cy 3M06HAH
232
MHoro paHa. HAHpH, nOBe3aBlllH "IeTHpH cBoje Aabe, 3a­
npe"lHllle nyT HenpHjaTelbcKHM 6po)l.OBHMa H oKpYJRHllle
HX ca CBHX cTpaHa. 3aTHM HX y MaxHHTOj HaBaAH AaKO
Mltupu nomy­
HMa"lallle 3axBalbyjyhH CBOjOj 6poj"laHoj HaJl.MohH. Ha Taj 1Cy q,./lomy
Ha"lHH HAHpH 3ap06Hllle "IeTHpH axejcKa 6po)l.a ca "IeTHpH Axajalda U
pe)l.a BeCaAa, a je)l.aH ca neT pe)l.OBa BeCaAa 6H nOTonlbeH C EmoJbaHa.
"IHTaBOM nOCa)l.OM, y KOjOj 6ejallle H MapKo KapHHKO, MYJK
152
BeAHKOr yrAe)l.a Me1)y AxajIJ;HMa KOjH je 3a JKHBOTa YBeK
HcnyFbaBaO CBOjy )l.j'JKHOCT npeMa )l.OMOBHHH. OHH lllTO ce
60pHllle npOTHB AKapHaHaIJ;a, "IHM )l.03Hallle 3a n06eJl.Y
HAHpa, oCAaFbajyhH ce Ha 6p3HHY CBOjHX 6pO)l.OBa n06ero­
llle HanycTHBlllH 6HTKY, Te ce BpaTHllle KYhH Ha CHryPHO.
HAHPCKO MHOlllTBO, Y30XOAHBlllH ce 360r Te n06e)l.e, C jOlll
BehoM AaKOhOM H cp"laHOlllhy O)l. y06HqajeHe OnCe)l.allle
rpM. KpcPlbaHH, H3ry6HBlllH cMa Beh CBaxy Ha)l.j' H 0)l.0­
AeBlllH Ha HeKO BpeMe onca)l.H, KOHa"lHO ce npe)l.allle HAH­
pHMa H nyCTHllle y rpa)l. FbHXOBe cTpruKe H 3anOBe)l.HHKa
CTpruKe LleMeTpHja XBapaHHHa. HaKOH Te n06e)l.e HAHpCKe f'pl.f.1Ca Y
BojcKoBo1)e nOHOBHO onKOAHllle Llpa"l. HCTOBpeMeHO 3a cmpaxy360z
3ay3eha
BpeMe KOH3YAaTa KsHHTa <Pa6Hja MaKcHMa H ll. KapBa­ <PeHU1Ce.
AHja MaKcHMa no )l.pyrH nyT 6H nOTBp1)eH 3anOBe)l.HH"IKH
nOAOJKaj rHejy <PyABHjy H A. lloCTYMY UeHTOMaAY. Je)l.aH C
cPAOTOM O)l. )l.Be CTOTHHe 6pO)l.OBa, a )l.pyrH C KonHeHOM
BOjCKOM KpeHYllle H3 PHMa. <PyABHje ce ynyTH Ha KpcP,
MHCAehH )l.a TaMO jOlll yaeK Tpaje oncMa, HO cxsaTHBlllH
)l.a je npeKaCHO, 6YJl.YhH )l.a HAHPH 6ejaxy Beh 3aY3eAH
rpa)l., O)l.AyqH HnaK OTnAOBHTH Ha OCTPBO )l.eAHMHqHO )l.a
6H )l.03HaO lllTa ce )l.oro)l.HAO, a )l.eAHMH"IHO )l.a 6H ce YBepHo
y OHO lllTO je qyo 0 LleMeTpHjy. HaHMe, LleMeTpHje, HaCAy­
THBlllH )l.a cy ra 3aBH)lJbHBIJ;H OKAeBeTaAH KO)l. KPalbHIJ;e H
CTpaxyjyhH O)l. Fbe3HHor meBa, 6ejallle nOCAao y PHM cBoje
nOKAHcape )l.a 06ehajy PHMlbaHHMa rpM H CBe )l.pyro lllTO
6ejallle y FberoBoj BAaCTH. KPcPlbaHH, )l.aKAe, 06pMOBaBlllH
ce )l.OAacKY PHMlbaHa, y3 LleMeTpHjeBo )l.onylllTeFbe npe)l.a­
)l.Ollle HAHpCKe CTpruKe CMelllTeHe y rpa)l.j' H CaM rpM, Te
HM Ha Kpajy npe)l.MOllle H ce6e caMe, MHCAehH )l.a he TaKO
6HTH 3alllTHheHH O)l. HAHpCKe 6e30"lHOCTH. CKAOnHBlllH
npHjaTelbCTBo C KpcPlbaHHMa H CAYJRehH ce LleMeTpHjeM Pu.M.lbaHu
Kao B01)OM nyTa. PHMlhaHH OTnAOBHllle y AnoAoHHjy. HCTO­ W.albY Teymu
n01CJlucape.
BpeMeHo AYAO lloCTYMHje je npeB03Ho KonHeHe CHare H3
BpHH)l.H3Hja, a 6ellle HX OKO )l.BMeceT XHlbMa nelllaKa H
)l.Be XHlbaJl.e KOFbaHHKa. CBH OHH 3aje)l.HO CTHrOllle y Ano­
AOHHjy, Te CTeKaBlllH O)l.Max nOBepeFbe Tora rpMa, OTnAO­
BHllle y Llpa"l, 6YJl.YhH )l.a cy )l.03HaAH 3a HAHpcKY onca)l.j'.
KM HAHPH )l.03Haxy 3a )l.OAa3aK PHMlbaHa, O)l. CTpaxa npe­
KH)l.Ollle onca)l.j' H n06erollle 06y3eTH MaAOJl.YlllHOlllhy.
CTeKaBlllH TaKo1)e npHjaTelbCTBo Llpa"la, PHMlbaHH OTnAO­
BHllle y )l.pyra HAHpCKa MeCTa, oCBajajyhH y TOM noxoJl.Y
233
 ~
I
153 MHore KpajeBe. YTO )].OOOIlle PHMlbaHllMa rAaCHllUll ll3 IIa­
TepMllja, rrpe)].ajynll llM ce 3aje)].HO C 'lllTaBllM rpa..a.oM. Ka,n;
llX 06aBe3arne Ha O,n;aHOCT, KaO II ll3aCAaHllKe ATllHTaHa-
Mea oaHae .
oe~eo Bue. ~a. yrr~llIlle ce rrpeMa HCCll [Bllcyj; )].03HaBIllll ,n;a Je rpa)].
10Ill YBllJeK rro)]. llAllPCKOM OrrCa..a.OM, 3arOcrro)].apllIlle rpa­
,n;OM, a y llCTO BpeMe 3aY3eIlle CllAOM rrpllAll'laH 6poj rpa­
,n;OBa y HAllPllKY. 3ap06llIlle TaMO He caMO BeAllK 6poj
BojHllKa, Ben II HeKOAllKO BOjHll'lKllX Tpll6YHa, Kao II Ta­
MOIlllber KBeCTopa; 3ap06llIlle TaKOoe II )].Ba..a.eceT llAllP­
~~~.
noeYlie Y
6
CKllX Aaoa KOJe cy rrpeB03llAe xpaHy 3a opue. HeKoAllUllHa
PueaH. XBapaHa, KOjll )].pMaxy rro,n; orrca..a.OM Hcy, crraCll ce
3axBalbyjynll JleMeTplljeBY 3MaralbY, )].OK ce CBll OCTMll,
HaTjepaHll y 6er, CKAOHllIlle y HapoHY. Kpalbllua TeYTa ce
C MMOM ,n;PYM60M rroByqe y PllcaH, ,n;06po YTBpoeH Kpaj
y)].albeH 0)]. Mopa II CMeIllTeH Ha 06Mll peKe PllcaH. PHM­
lbaHll ,n;o)].eAllIlle JleMeTplljy HeKOAllKO llAllPCKllX rpa)].OBa
Te ce HaKOH Tora BpaTllIlle C QJAOTOM II C 'lllTaBOM rreIlla'l­
KOM BOjCKOM Y Jlpa'l, o,n;aKAe r. <l>YABllje llCITAOBll 3a PHM C
BeAllKllM )].eAOM rrOMopCKllX II KorrHeHllX CHara. IIOCTYM ce
3a)].pMa y Jlpa'ly orrpeMllBIllll 'leTp)].eCeT Aaba, Te y o,n;a­
6paHllM 06All2KlbllM rpa,n;OBllMa rrOCTaBll BojHe rroca..a.e,
llMajynll y3 ce6e ApKlljaHue II )].pyre KOjll 6exy 06enaAll
BepHoCT PllMlbaHllMa. Y rrpOAene TeYTa rrOCAa PHMlbaHllMa
cBoje ll3aCAaHllKe Ha rrperOBope 0 Haro)].6ll. PllMlbaHll 0)].­
roBopllIlle )].a KpQJ, XBap, Bllc, Jlpa'l II Ha Kpajy ATllHTaH­
un 6ejaxy rrOTrraAll rro)]. lbllXOBY BAaCT, Te )].a ne llM 6llTll
3a..a.OBOlbCTBO 3a..a.PMll All ArpOHOB CllH IIllHej )].pyre 3eMlbe
cBoje O'leBllHe II rrOCTaHe All rrplljaTelb II CaBe3HllK PllM-
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OyTllM HaCAyTll )].a My PHMlbaHll MeAe 0,n;y3eTll CTe'leHO,
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063llpa rrpeMa PHMlbaHllMa llAll lbllXOBllM CaBe3HllUllMa
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154 IIo)]. lberoBllM 3arrOBe)].HllIllTBOM BojeBaxy HAllPll, TaKO cy­
pOBll )].a 6ejaxy CTpax II TperreT CBllM CBOjllM rrpOTllBHll­
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6ll rrpOIllao JleMeTpllje, rrorryT oAyje 6ll rropYIllllo CBe rrpe)].
234
C060M. Ho II rrpe Tora JleMeTpllje ce CBOjllM rro,ll.YXBaTllMa
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OAllMrra CYK06ll C KpalbeM AaKe)].eMOlbaHa KAeoMeHoM, Ta­
K03BaHll paT caBe3HllKa llAll, KaKO ra Ha3llBa IlAYTapx,
KAeoMeHoB paT, JleMeTpllje ca CBOjllM HAllpllMa 3aY3e y
60jy HajorracHlljll rroAoMaj, Te y HeBepoBaTHo O,n;BaMHOM
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lbera KOH3YAe IIaBAa EMllAllja II MapKa AeAllja C 6pOjHllM
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jy. BejaIlle TaMO 0)]. BeAllKe rrOMonll MaKe)].OHCKOM KpalbY
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XBapy, rrpoHabe crrac Ha AaoaMa Koje yrrpaBo y TY CBPXY
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TaKO rr06eMe HaTpar K MaKe,n;OHCKOM KpalbY <pllAllrry. Jle­
155
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BOOCTBOM rrpeTOpa A. AHllUllja rMa KpeHYIlle C BOjCKOM Y CKaoap Oew.e
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235

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ce,naM,neceT HAMpCKHX rpa,nOBa, Koje He 6ellIe CBAa,naO y
6op6H, Hero AYKaBCTBOM H npeBapOM. LIOro,nH ce TO Ha
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CA~e TOM BellITHHOM npOH3Bo,nae COAH, HO Ka,n 6H npe­
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236
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)KeH (KaKo nHllIee EBTponHje y 4. KI:bH3H) y3 BeAHKY cpa­ cx:oeolje x:oje
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Ka,n 6H HM He,noCTajao nexap 3a nHhe, CMeCTa 6H Y3eAH BeJlux:a
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237
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TIeol-iu, .n.H HaCTaI:baBaxy 3eMlbe Koje cy .n.aHac y rroce.n.y llITajepa­
JfCeC~OKU IJ,a. ileoHH HAM ilaHOHIJ,H je.n.HaKo ce TaKO nOKa3aIlle >Kec­
l-ienpuJaT/leJbU • Bejaxy 20C­
u.M.el-ia TOKHM HenpHJaTelbHMa HMeHa PHMCKOr. .iKHBlbaxy y 6AH­
Pu.M.CK02. 3HHH ,[(yHaBa, KaKO H3BeIllTaBa LlHOH y 49. KI:bH3H, r.n.e
OBaKO roBOPH 0 I:bHMa: ilaHOHIJ,H (Ka>Ke OH) >KHBe y 6AH­
3HHH peKe HCTpa y HOPHKY, na CBe .n.o eBporrCKe Me3Hje,
He.n.aAeKO o.n. Hapo.n.a LlaAMaIJ,Hje. CBHKHYAH cy TpneTH
HajTe>KH H Hajrpy6lbH >KHBOT KOjH ce MO>Ke 3aMHCAHTH, jep
AOIliH cy y I:bHXOBOj 3eMlbH H TAe H Ba3.n.yx, HeMa HH ylha HH
238
BHHa, OCHM Y caCBHM He3HaTHHM KOAH'IHHaMa, a HHje HM Te.n.eCI-iOM
HH 06H'Iaj Y3rajaTH ylbapHIJ,e HAH rpo>Kl)e, jep HajBenH .n.eo CI-iG2o.M
ro.n.HHe BAa,Aa KO.n. lbHX OIliTpa H BpAO XAa,AHa 3HMa, Te ce l-iaoMalUyjy
CBe ocma.ne.
xPaHe je'lMoM H npocoM o.n. KOjHX npoH3Bo.n.e H nHne. Hc­
THHy roBopenH, lbY.lJ.H cy TO KOjH K TOMe CHarOM H CTaCOM
Ha.n.MaIllyjy CBe .n.pyre MY>KeBe 6HAO Kojer o.n. rr03HaTHX Ha­
po.n.a. C 063HPOM Ha TO .n.a y >KHBOTy I:bHXOBOM HeMa Tora
IllTO 6H 6HAO .n.OCTOjHO 3BaTH ce .n.OCTOjHHM H 'IaCHHM, no
HapaBH cy CKAOHH CpI,l6H H y6HCTBY. To IllTO nHIlleM 0
OBOM Hapo.n.y, He nHIlleM caMO 3aTO IllTO caM TaKO qyo HAM
npO'lHTaO, Ben CTora IllTO caM ce BAacTHTHM O'lHMa yBe­
pHO .n.a je HCTHHa H TO Y BpeMe Moje yrrpaBe Ha,A THM Ha­
PO.n.OM. TOAHKO Ka>Ke LlHOH 0 ileoHHMa [ilaHOHHIJ,Maj. ilH­
Ille 0 I:bHMa H ArrHjaH H3 AAeKcaH.n.pHje y CBOM Y1AHPHKY, H
TO Ha CAe.n.enH Ha'lHH: TH ileOHH 6ejaxy (Ka>Ke OH) BpAO
n03HaTH 3axBalbyjynH ArpHjaHIJ,HMa H3 MaKe.n.OHHje KOjH y
MHorHM paTOBHMa CAY>KHIlle HapO'lHTO cl>HAHna H AAeK­
caH.n.pa, 6y.n.ynH .n.a cy H caMH ArpHjaHIJ,H 3arrpaBO ileOHH Bejaxy BPJlO
H3 HajjY>KHHjer orpaHKa, a nOTeKAH cy o.n. HAHpa. Ka,A Kop­ n03l-iamu.
HeAHje 3apaTH rrpOTHB ileOHa H Ka,A OHH Ha I:beroBY BeAHKY TIomYKY
cpaMOTy 0.n.6HllIe CBe Hana,Ae H Ha Kpajy ra nopa3HIlle, Pu.M.CK02
I:bHXOBa CAaBa nopaCTe TaKO H npOHece ce rAac 0 I:bHMa BOjCKOBoby
HcnyHHBIllH CTpaxOM 'IHTaBy HTaAHjy. CTora ce 3a.n.yro He Kopl-ie.n.uja.
I:bHMa. To je OHO IllTO AnHjaH nHIlle 0 ileoHHMa. Y BpeMe
Ue3apa ABryCTa YCTaIlle OHH 3aje.n.Ho C LlaAMaTHHIJ,HMa /lU6ypl-iu ce
npoTHB PHMcKora UapCTBa, Kao IllTO neMo oB.n.e HeIllTO 60pe C PuM­
KacHHje HcrrpHrroBe.n.aTH. AH6ypHH H3 HAHpHKa BHIlle ce .lbQI-iUMa.
nyTa xpa6po o.n.ynpeIlle H 0.n.6HIlle Hana,Ae AeHTyAa H ra­ 159
6HHHja, PHMCKHX BojcKoBol)a C KojHMa ce HeKOAHKO nYTa
CYK06HIlle y oKpIllajHMa Bpe.n.HHM cy3a. JOIli npe THX pa­
TOBa C PHMlbaHHMa, YHa3a,A MHoro BeKoBa, 6eIlle I:bHXOBa
CAaBa 'IaK H Bena, a HapO'lHTO 6ejaxy n03HaTH no no­
MOPCKHM 6HTKaMa. CTora AYKaH Ka>Ke .n.a AH6YPHH 6ejaxy HaMOpycy
Ha MOPY BpAO paT060pHH. Llp>Kaxy yseK cnpeMHoM 'IHTaBY pamo60pl-iu.
je.n.HY BeAHKY CPAOTy, C KOjOM Y Hana.lJ.HMa Ha apxHrreAar
6exy 3arocno.n.apHAH HeKHMa o.n. TaMOIllI:bHX oCTpBa. CTpa­
60H, HaHMe, y 6. KlbH3H rrHIlle .n.a ApxHja KOPHHTCKH, YTe­
MelbHTelb rpa,Aa CHpaKY3e Ha CHIJ,HAHjH, nAoBenH ca CBO­
JOM CPAOTOM OCTaBH KepCHKpaTa H3 po.n.a XepaKAH.n.a c .n.e­
AOM BojcKe .n.a ce 3a,Ap>KH H HaCTaHH Ha OCTPBY Koje ce .n.a­
Hac 30Be KopKHpa, a .n.peBHO My HMe 6ejaIlle CKepHja. nooapu KpcjJa.
KepCHKpaT ojepa .n.OTa,AallII:be rocno.n.ape AH6YPHe, Te Ha­
ceAH TO OCTpBO. iloKpajHHa AH6ypHHja .n.06H TO HMe (KaKO
TBp.n.H CTpa60H) rro rpa.n.y AH6YPHHjH. ilHHe.n.a Ka>Ke .n.a ce
Au6ypl-iujaje
Ha MeCTy AH6ypHHje .n.aHac HaAa3H 3a,Aap C OKOAHHOM. oal-iac 3aoap C
KaKO ce 'IHHH, HCTO TO TBp.n.H H BereIJ,Hje, KOjH nHIlle .n.a OKOJlUl-io.M.
AH6ypHHja 6eIlle .n.eo LlaAMaIJ,Hje H .n.a 6ejaIlle rro.n.pel)eHa
239
 .,....
JIeeem 3aaap- rpa,oy 3a,n.py. IlAHHHje y 11. norAaBLbY 3. KIbHre npH­
CICUX .M.Jlaauti.anOBe,lI,a KaKO ,lI,eBeT MAa,n.Hha H HCTO TOAHKO ,lI,eBojaKa H3
U umo mo.l1.WCO • .
i1eeojarca npe- .I1AHpHKa, npeIIIaBIIIH y AnyAHJY Y KpaJ HaCTaH>eH Ile,lI,H­
1)y y AnY.l1.ujy KYAHMa, nOCTaIIIe 3a'-leTHHUH TpHHaeCT HapO,lI,a. fpa,lI,OBH
U nocmaute THX Ile,lI,HKYAa 6ejaxy Py,lI,Hja, ErHaUHja H BapHoH, HeKa,n.
3attemHU~U 13 3BaH Jane,lI,H, a ,lI,aHaC BapH. TH KpajeBH 6exy 3aTHM
Hapoaa. Ha3BaHH IleyueTH HAH (KaKO TBp,lI,H .llHoHH3Hje Il}'H>aHHH)
Ileyu.eHTHHH, ,lI,06HBlliH TO HMe npeMa OHOj MAa,n.e:>KH Koja
6ejaIIIe AH6ypHCKora pO,lI,a, a ,lI,eo ce AH6ypHa (KaKO KaJKe
KaAHMax KO,lI, IlAHHHja) 30Be ynpaBo Ileyu.eTH. OCTaBLba­
jyhH ca,n.a ,lI,aLba paCnpaBLb8.H>a 0 IbHMa, n03a6aBHheMO ce
JIaJl.MLlmuH'&U
HUCY HUKaa .llaAMaTHHUHMa, LbY,lI,HMa KOjH 360r cBoje xpa6pOCTH H jy­
ooeWOHO HalliTBa y BOjHHM BeIIITHHaMa HHKa,n. HHCY ,lI,OBOLbHO XBa­
xewoeHU. LbeHH. OHH cy, HaMMe, Meoy CBHM HAHpCKHM HapO,lI,HMa TH
Koje cy rp'-lKH H AaTHHCKH nHCUH nOHajBHllie npOCAaBHAH
Kao BpAO xpa6pe y 60jy H CBHKHYTe n06e,lI,aMa Ha,n. PHM­
LbaHHMa. fOTOBO He MOraBIIIH TO OTpneTH, oHaj BeAHKaH H3
ApIIHHa, MapKO TyAHje UHuepOH, HanHca PHMCKOM BOj­
CKOBOOH BaTHHY KOjH ce 60PHO npOTHB Tor ,lI,aAMaTHHCKor
OayeeK cy HapO,lI,a (KaKO ce '-IHTa y 5. KlbH3H nOCAaHHua) cAe,lI,ehe
CMGmpaHU pe'-lH: HeKa 60roBH HaY,lI,e .llaAMaTHHUHMa lliTO TH He ,lI,ajy
pamHU~UMa. MHpa, jep O,lJ,YBeK cy CMaTpaHH paTHHUHMa . .llaAMaTHHUH
ce npBH nyT CyK06HIIIe C PHMLbaHHMa (Kao lliTO CMO peKAR)
y BpeMe ,lI,OK .llaAMauHjOM KpaLbeBaIIIe TeYTa. 3apaTHIIIe
3aTHM C fajeM MaKpHjeM, KOjH y npBOM oKpIIIajy, KaKO
nHllie Ca6eAHKO, 6H nOpaJKeH. HaKOH Tora He npeCTajaxy
J60 HaCpTaTH Ha PHMLbaHe H Ha ,lI,pyre HAHpe, pHMcKe caBe3­
HHKe, KaKO nHIIIe AnHjaH H3 AAeKCaH,lI.pHje y paCnpaBH 0
.I1AHPHKY, r,lI,e KaJKe ,lI,a .llaAMaTHHUH Hana,lI,OIIIe ,lI,pyre
.I1AHpe, nOCAYlliHHKe pHMcKe. Ka,n. HM PHMLbaHH nOCAame
Omepajy cBoje H3aCAaHHKe, He XTe,lI,OIIIe HX npHMHTH HH caCAY,'
pUMCKe IIIaTH, HaKOH '-Iera 6H nOCAaH npOTHB IbHX KOH3YA MapKO
U3aCllaHUI<:e. <PHrOA• .llaAMaTHHUH O,lI,Max HacpayIIIe Ha CTpaJKe <PHro­
. AOBe BojcKe, nOTYKOllie HX H 0,lI,6HIIIe CBe,lI,O peKe HepeTBe.
IIopase eO}CKy . .
M. tPuzo.l1.a. CTynHBlliH Ha KOH3YACKH nOAo~aJ, UeUHAHJe MeTeA OJlAY­
'-IH 3apaTHTH npOTHB .llaAMaTHHaua, a ,lI,a OBH He 6exy HH­
lliTa CKpHBHAH. O,lI,e TaKO y .llaAMaUHjy, r,lI,e ra OHH npH­
jaTeLbCKH npHMHIIIe, Te npOBe,lI,e 3HMY y IbHXOBOj npeCTO­
HHUH CaAOHH. BpaTHBlliH ce y PHM, 6H CAaBLbeH Kao no-
6e,lI,HHK 6e3 HKaKBa pa3Aora HAH 3acAyre, Ha lliTO ce
O,lI,HOCH H oHaj ,lI,peBHH npHMep KOjH KaJKe:
KHej <PYABHje nOCTaBIIIH KOH3YA KHej nAeMe­
HHTH UeHTHMaAYC, H3 XXV. nOMohHe AerHje, npo­
KOH3YA H3 HAHpCKe HauHje, 6HO je 6p8.H>eHHK ueH­
TypHoHa KBHHTHAHja.
240
.llOK Ue3ap paTOBallie C KeATHMa, .llaAMaTHHUH 0,lI.y3eIIIe
AH6ypHHMa rpa,lI, IlpoMoHy. AH6ypHH ce 06paTHIIIe Ue­
3apy, KOjH 6eIIIe He,lI,aAeKO 0,lI, Tora Kpaja, Te OH nOCAa Ue3ap Aezycm
utwoe JIaJl.MLl­
.llaAMaTHHUHMa cBoje H3aCAaHHKe HYTKajyhH HX ,lI,a BpaTe mUH~UMa
AH6ypHHMa IbHXOBe 3eMLbe. BY,lJ,YhH ,lI,a ce He 6ejaxy 06a­ U3aCllaHUKe.
3HpaAH HH Ha pe'-lH HH Ha 3anOBeCTH Ue3apoBe, OH nOCAa
Ha IbHX BeAHKY BOjCKY Koja OCTa nOTyqeHoM H nOpaJKeHoM.
Y,lI,06a Ue3apoBa cyK06a C IloMnejeM, fa6HHHje 6ejame Ha
'-IeAy neTHaeCT PHMCKHX KOXOpTH H TpH XHLha,n.e KOlba­
HHKa. CTpaxyjyhH ,lI,a 6H y cAyqajy n06e,lI,e Ha,n. IloMnejeM
Ue3ap Morao H lbHX caTpTH 360r CBHX HaHeceHHX YBpe,lI,a,
JIa.Jl.MamUH~U
.llaAMaTHHUH y jYPHIIIy noy6Hjame '-IHTaBY oay BojCKY H3y­ caceKY
3eB CaMora fa6HHHja H HeKOAHUHHe ,lI,pyrHX KOjH ce 3aje,lI.­ ra6uHujeey
HO C lbHM cnaCHIIIe 6eKCTBoM. TOM ce n06e,lI,OM CHARO 060­ eojcKY.
raTHIIIe O,lI,HeBIIIH BeAHK nAeH H MHoro 3AaTHHKa. Ka,n. Ue­
3ap HanOKOH n06e,lI,H IloMneja H ype,lI,H CBe Ha CBOj Ha'-lHH,
BpaTH ce y PHM, r,lI,e H3BpIIIH CBe npHnpeMe 3a paT npOTHB
feTa H IlapTa. Y CTPaxy ,lI,a 6H Ue3ap y CBOM noxo,lJ,Y Morao
H lbHX HanaCTH, .llaAMaTHHUH My nOCAaIIIe cBoje H3aCAa­
HHKe ,lI,a 3aTpaJKe 0,lI, lbera onpOCT H ,lI,a My noay,lI,e npHja­
TeLbCTBO H caBe3HHIIITBO, CHAHO BeAH'-IajyhH cBoje paTHe
BelliTHHe. Ue3ap, KOjH Beh 6HjaIIIe Ha nYTY y noxo,lJ,Y npo­
THB IlapTa, O,lI,rOBOpH BpAO OCOpHO ,lI,aAMaTHHCKHM H3aCAa­
HHUHMa,lI,a HH Ha KOjH Ha'-lHH He ~eAH 3a npHjaTeLbe HAH
caBe3HHKe OHe KOjH ce 6exy TaKO AOIIIe nOHHjeAH npeMa
lbeMY, HO ,lI,a 6H HM onpoCTHO Ka,n. 6H My nAaTHAH ,lI,aHaK H J6J
,lI,aAH Taoue. H3aCAaHHUH My CBe TO 06ehaIIIe, Te Ue3ap
nOCAa ATHHHja y .llaAMaUHjy C TpH AerHje H C BeAHKHM
6pojeM KOlba, Hape,lI,HBIIIH MY ,lI,a HaMeTHe TaMOIIIlbeM Ha­
po,lJ,Y HeBeAHK ,lI,aHaK H ,lI,a ce nOTpy,lI,H ,lI,a MY npe,lI,ajy Tao­
ue. .llaAMaTHHUH, MeOYTHM, He H3BpIIIHIIIe HH je,lI,HO 06e­
JIaJl.MLlmUH~U
halbe. ATHHHje HM Ha TO CTa,n.e HaHOCHTH IIITeTe ca cBoje nopaseAmu­
TpH AerHje, HO .llaAMaTHHUH ce OKpeHYIIIe npOTHB Ibera H Hujeey eojcKY.
n06e,lI,HIIIe ra, YCMpTHBIIIH npH TOMe KOH3YACKor '-IOBeKa
Be6Hja, KOjH je 3anOBe,lI,aO 6HTKOM. ATHHHje C npe:>KHBe­ AmuHuje
no6eZHe y
AHMa n06e~e y UaBTaT. Ho paT .llaAMaTHHaua y,lI,p~eHHX Uaemam.
ca cyce,lI,HMa IleoHHMa npoTHB uapa OKTaBHjaHa H lbe­
roBHX BojcKoBooa fepMaHHKa H TH6epHja, 0,lI, KOjHX oBaj
,lI,pyrH nOCTa,n.e 3aTHM uap, 6ejaIIIe HajoKPYTHHjH 0,lI, CBHX.
JIaJl.MLlmUH~U
HaHMe, nHllie BeAej IlaTePKYA y 2. KlbH3H ,lI,a .llaAMaTHHUH, u IIeoHu c
oja'-laBlliH H y,lI,p~BIIIH ce ca CBOjHM cyce,lI,HMa IleoHHMa, OCQ.MCmo
YCTallie npoTHB PHMcKor UapCTBa C BHIIIe 0,lI, ocaMCTO XH­ xtI.lbaaa Jbyau
Lba,n.a n06YlbeHHKa, Meoy KojHMa ,lI,BeCTa XHLba,n.a 6HpaHHx ycmaHy npoue
Pu.MJbaHa.
60paua neIIIaKa H ,lI,eBeT XHLha,n.a KOlbaHHKa. CBH OHH 6exy
no,lI, BOOCTBOM BaTOHa H IlHHeja, M~eBa Cp'-laHHX H HC­ BamOH U IIu­
Hej 3anOeea­
KYCHHX paTHHKa. 3anOBe,lI,HHUH nO,lI,eAHIIIe cBoje LbY,lI,e Ha HU,&U eojcKe
TpH BojcKe; je,lI,Ha 6ellie O,lI,peOeHa 3a Hana,n. Ha HTaAHjy, JIaJl.MLlmuHa­
,lI,pyra y HenpHjaTeLbCKOM noxo,lI.y yoe y MaKe,lI,OHHjy, ,lI,OK ~a U IIeOHa.
241
 I

KOjH HaCTaaaBaxy, TaKO H 360r lbHXOBor oKpYTHor JJYXa H

Tpena OCTa.,z:t.e 'iYBaTH ,n:OMOBHHY. PHMIhaHH 6exy Ta.,z:t.a noy­
qy,n:eCHor nOSHaBalba paTHe BelIlTHHe. CTora HX PHMIhaHH
6HjaHH, TproBUH nOCe'ieHH, a BeAHK 6poj BeTepaHa y y,n:a­
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IheHHM uapCKHM nOKpajHHaMa norH6e. MaKe,n:OHHja 6H
,llG..1LMamUHIJU TaBHjaHa KOjH ce cBeje):(HO CHAHO HaMyqH npe HO lIlTO HX
sayseTa, a IlIHpOKa npOCTpaHCTBa YHHlIlTeHa OI'lbeM H Ma­
aay3My CaBAa.,z:t.a. HaKOH lbera, O,n:HOCHO HaKOH nponaCTH PHMcKor
Max;eaOHCX;O 'ieM. Taj paT HsaSBa TaKBY CTpaBY ,n:a 'iaK H HeYCTpalIlHBH
UapCTBa, JlaAMaTHHUH paToBaxy H C ,n:pyrHM uapCTBHMa H
x;pa.Jbeecmeo. JJYX Uesapa ABryCTa, O'ieAH'ieH TOAHKHM paTHHM HCK)'C­
MonHHM ,n:p:m:aBaMa, xpa6po o,n:OAeBajynH CBaKOMe KO 6H
TBOM, Ta.,z:t.a K1\OHY yTyqeH. PHMIhaHH perpYTOBalIle Ihy,n:e, ,llG..1LMamUHIJU

HM XTeo HalIlKo,n:HTH HAH AHlIlHTH HX cA060,n:e Koja HM je ayro pamoea­

nOSBalIle y CAy-2K6y BeTepaHe ca CBHX CTpaHa, a MylIlKapUH
npHpo,n:HO npHna.,z:t.ajyna. 11s Tor paSAora 6ejaxy y AYroj xy ca CaCUM.a,

H :m:eHe 6exy npHCHIheHH ,n:aTH y BojHHKe oCA060.ljeHor pO­

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Ba onaT Eyuxap,n: HS Yepcnepra y ITopeK1\y Caca), KOjH HX

Ta.,z:t.a CB~y 6egeAY npe,n: ceHaTOM H pe'ie ,n:a ce HenpH- OmoHoMm.

Beceaa Ueaapa . Hana,n:alIle C MonHOM BOjCKOM HaHocenH lIlTeTe ,n:aAMa­

Aezycma npea JaTeIh, He npeAYSMe AH ce CBe H)7:m:H0, Ben sa ,n:eceT ,n:aHa
THHCKHM KpajeBHMa. Ka.,z:t. ce JlaAMaTHHUH n06YHHlIle H y,n:­
ceHamOM. Mo:m:e nojaBHTH rOTOBO npe,n: caMHM BpaTHMa PHMa. CTOra
py:m:HlIle C ,n:eAOM qexa H Copa6a, npo,n:pelIle CBe ,n:o CacKe,
PHMCKH ceHaTopH H SBaHH'iHHUH 06ename CBaK)' nOMon y HanaOHY

xapajynH y HenpHjaTeIhCKOM noxoAY THpHHrHjoM. JlOK lbH­

TOM pary. Ue3ap nOCAa C BOjCKOM o,n: TpH,n:eceT Aemja TH- TYPUHZ.Ujy.

Tpuaecem XOBa BOjCKa 6elIle y nOTnyHoM HepeAY, HenpeCTaHo nOCBe­

6epHja (npeMa HSBelIlTajHMa CBeToHHjeBHM y TH6epHjeBoj
./!ezuja 6poju neHa HaHolIlelbY lIlTeTa H naIheBHHaMa, Hana.,z:t.He HX rpo<p
198 XlUWOa 6Horpaq:mjH H Ca6eAHKOBHM y 9. KFbHSH 6. EHea.,z:t.e). BeAej ITonoH KOjH ce C BOjCKOM HaAaSHO Ha THM rpaHHUaMa. 163
60palJa . TaKo.ljep nHlIle y 2. KFbHSH ,n:a y TOM pary npOTHB JlaAMa­
CYK06HBlIlH ce, rpo<p Hsa.lje HS 6HTKe Kao n06e,n:HHK ys
THHaua TH6epHje sanOBe,n:alIle Haj6pojHHjHM Ihy,n:CTBOM H
CTpalIlaH nOKOIh Ha.,z:t. HenpHjaTeIheM, HapO'iHTO Copa6HMa.
162 CHaraMa HKa.,z:t. OK)'nIheHHM HaKOH rpa.ljaHcKHX paTOBa. Ha­
fbHXoBa n06YHa pacTY2KH MHoro <ppaHa'iKOr KpaIha KapAa
HMe, OCHM ce,n:aMHaeCT AerHja H ,n:eceT XHIha.,z:t.a BeTepaHa, y
BeAHKOr KOjH ce nOTpy,n:H ,n:a nOHOBHO nOCTHrHe nOMHpelbe Kap!lo Be./!uICU
npaTlbH MHOro6pojHHX KOlbaH'iKHX je,n:HHHua Tpa'iaHCKOr mpCVKu
C lbHMa, C 06SHPOM Ha TO ,n:a My y npOlIlAOCTH 6exy npy­
KpaIha MeTaAKa, 6ejame ry H BeAHKH 6poj nAaneHHKa. Ka.,z:t. nOMUpefbec
:m:HAH ,n:paroueHy nOMon, HapO'iHTO y paTOBHMa ca CAOBe­ CJzoeeHUMa.
,llG..1LMamUHIJU KOHSYAH A. UeUHHa H CHABaHO IlAaHTHYC nOBe,n:OlIle Ta.,z:t.a
HHMa BHAUHMa KOjH (KaKO CMO nOKaSaAH) 6ejaxy :m:eCTOKH
cacex;y 5 PUM.- BOjCK)' HS npeKoMopCKHX nOKpajHHa, JlaAMaTHHUH Hana­
HenpHjaTeIhH <ppaHa'iKOr HMeHa. Ka,n: ce KapAO BeAHKH
cKlJ.X./!ezuja U ,n:OlIle neT PHMCKHX AerHja H ,n:pyre Koje 6ejaxy KpeHYAe Ha
ya mojout lbHX, saje):(HO C KOlbHUOM KpaIha MeTaAKa KOjH ce C BeAH- ynYCTH Y 60j C lbHMa ro,n:HHe 789, He OCAOHH ce TOAHKO
Ihy,n:H 6 elIle npH,n:py-2KHO PHMCKHM
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KOM BOJCKOM CBOJHX
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3anOBe,n:HHUHMa, Te HX roTOBO CBe caceKOlIle, lIlTO CHAHO
Copa6a H 060,n:pHTa, y,n:py:m:HBlIlH ce Ta.,z:t.a C lbHXOBHM KHe­
Y3HeMHpH TH6epHja. OH je BO,n:HO Taj paT (KaKO nHlIle
30M BHTHuaHOM H HacpHyalIlH Ha BHAue, Ha.,z:t. KojHMa
Ca6eAHUK y 9. KlbHSH 6. EHea.,z:t.e) ys BpAO BeAHKe TelIlKone,
o,n:Hece n06eAY (KaKO H3BelIlTaBa IT. ITHTeo y <f>paHa'iKOM
a 6ejame TO (Ka:m:e CBeTOHHje y TH6epHjeBoj 6Horpa¢mjHt
AeTonHCY) ys BeAHKe Hanope H HaKOH MHOro oKplIlaja. He
HajMyqHHjH o,n: CBHX paToBa y Ty.ljHHH, o,n: KapTarHHCKor
6H AH sa.,z:t.p:m:ao npHjaTeIhCTBo CBOjHX npHCTaAHua CAO­
na Ha.,z:t.aIhe. CTora PeHHc <f>aHHyc npeBo,n:H JlHoHHcHja ITy­
BeHa, ,n:apoBa HM (KaKO nHlIly ITHTeo H KOHPa.,z:t. HS Epyreca
lbaHHHa, KOjH Ka:m:e: ,llapyjeUM.
y <ppaHa'iKOM IheTonHcy) seMIhe C OHe CTpaHe peKe Aa6e cacx;e aeM./be.
C.lI.ael-iu ce H.lI.upwc npocmupe soecl-ia, nomOM Koje HeKa.,z:t.a npHna.,z:t.axy CaCHMa, npeceIheHHM HS THX
j{aJlMamu Mapcy l-ia1ULOl-bel-i I-iapoo. KpajeBa y <f>PaHUYCK)' sa KasHY s60r n06YHe, ynOSOpHBlIlH
npH TOMe BHlIle nYTa KHesa 060,n:pHTa TaM6aBHua HAH,
ITHlIle AnHjaH HS AAeKcaH,n:pHje y CBOM 11AHpHK)' ,n:a
Koptiy./!aHu U • KaKO ra ,n:pyrH SOBY, TapOBua, ,n:a y6YAYne 'iyBa cnOMeH Ha
M.!benaHu y ee- Uesap ABryCT y noxoAY Ha JlaAMaUHJY n06e,n:H y BeAHKOM
npHjaTeIhCTBO H Ha ,n:06po'iHHCTBa npHMIheHa o,n: <ppa­ ,llG..1LMamUHlJU
'/!ux;oMpamy paTy CTaHoBHHKe OCTpBa MIheTa H KopqyAe, KOjH Ha CBO­
Ha'iKOr UapCTBa. Ka.,z:t. THM uapCTBOM 3aBAa.,z:t.alIle XeHpHK I. pamyjyc
nopCVKeHu jHM Haopy-2KaHHM 6po,n:HnHMa xapaxy MopeM. HaKOH no­ lJapeeUM.a
H OTOH III, JlaAMaUHja ce CHAHO HanaTH 360r HaCTojaaa
oa lJ aJ?G 6e,n:e Uesap ,n:a.,z:t.e noy6HjaTH OHe HajMAa.lje, jOlIl roA06pa.,z:t.e, XeHpUx;OMlu
THX uapeBa ,n:a je nOKope, HaKO HM HHKa.,z:t. He ycne HarHaTH
Ox;maeuJaHa.
Ha AHUHTaUHjH. AHOH HS H
. ' Tl
a OCTaAe ,n:a.,z:t.e Ha npo,n:ajy HKeje' OmoHOMm.
Hen06e,n:HBe JlaAMaTHHue ,n:a K1\OHY JJYXOM. OHH ce HaHMe
je no,n:p06HHje o,n: CBHX 06pa,n:HO 36HBalba BesaHa ys Taj
BpAO 6pso Haopy:m:alIle H xpa6po HM ce OAYnpelIle, KaKO ce
paT H3Me.ljy TH6epHja H JlaAMaTHHaua. Me.ljy OBHMa no­
'iHTa y 2. ,n:eAy y OHpOAaMa Eap,n:Hja KOjH YKpaTKo cno­
CAe,n:lbHMa 6exy H JlaopcH H JleCH,n:HjaTH, rOTOBO Heca­
MHlbe paToBe THX uapeBa npOTHB JlaAMaTHHaua. 3a.,z:t.alIle
BAa.,z:t.HBH (KaKO nHlIle BeAej), KaKO 360r CypOBOCTH Kpaja,
243
242
 I
OHH MHOrO Myxe H MAeTaqKoj Peny6AHll.H, TIpe HO mTO
MAell.HMa YCTIe CBAa,lI;aTH HX, 0 qeMY H3Mel)y OCTaAHX CBe­
,n;OqH H MAeTaqKH IIAeMHh naOAO napYTa. rOBopehH Y 2.
KlbH3H CBOjHx Bece,n;a 0 TemKohaMa MAeTaqKe PeTIy6AHKe
y TIOKOpaBalbY ,llaAMaTHHall.a, napYTa OBaKO TIHme: Balba
Y3eTH Y 063HP, KruKe OH, cBojCTBa cyce,n;HHX Hapo,n;a Ha
qHja je TIo,n;pyqja Tpe6aAo TIpOmHpHTH rpaHHll.e, KaKO 6H
ce CXBaTHAa Te:JKHHa cyxo6a y KojHMa ce 6ejame 3areKAa
Peny6AHKa, 6y.nyhH ,n;a o,n; CaMora TIOqeTKa 6ejame HYJKHO
Ha,njaqaTH ,llaAMaTHHll.e, Hapo,n; He caMO BHqaH OPYJKjy,
Beh yje,n;HO H OKpYTHe HapaBH. C KaKBHM ce H C KOAHKHM
TemKOhaMa cyoqHAa He 6H AH HX TIOKOpHAa, MO)Ke ce jacHo
1643aKlbyqHTH TIO TOMe mTO pHMCKa peTIy6AHKa, TIpeM,n;a 6eme
CaBAa,n;aAa TOAHKe ,n;aAeKe H cypOBe Hapo,n;e, He YCTIe Me­
I)YTHM HHKa,n;a CTaBHTH ,llaAMall.Hjy TIO,n; CBoj japaM. Ha­
BQJba
npUMemumu HMe, ,llaAMall.Hja TIOTTIa,n;e TIO,n; PHMCKY BAaCT caMO 3a Bpe­
eeJlux:y MOn u Me BAa,n;aBHHe ll.apa OKTaBHjaHa ABryCTa, H TO HaKOH mTO
xpa6pocm 6ejame HaHeAa 3HaTHe mTere PHMCKOj BOjCll.H. TaKO napy­
,llWI.M.amUl-talJa Ta TIHme 0 ,llaAMaTHHll.HMa. Taj HapO,n; (KaKO TIpHTIOBe,n;a
MapTHH BarHeT y 3. KlbH3H KocMorpaqmje) jom H TIpe pa3­
,n;o6lba PHMCKora UapcTBa KpeHY y BOjHH TIOXO,n; TIpe,n;Bol)eH
llaYHoM, Mel)y lbHMa BpAO rAaCOBHTHM MYJKeM KOjH 360r
,llWI.M.a~HlJU YHYTpamH>HX cyxo6a 6ejame HaTIYCTHO ,n;OMOBHHY, Te OCBO-
K=~le . jHme JaTIHrHjy, TO jecT ,n;aHamlbY KaAa6pHjy, Ha3BaBmH je
'/JUlY TIO CBOM BOI)H ,llaYHHjoM, KaKO TIHmy AHKOcPPOHOB TYMaq
HCaK [Uell.ec] H A6paxaM OpreA y Thesaurus Geographi­
cus. HeKa ce HHKO He qy,n;H CAaBHHM TIo.nyxsaTHMa H
TIo6e,n;aMa ,llaAMaTHHall.a 0 KojHMa OB,n;e TIpHTIOBe,n;aMO, jep
CBe mTO CMO OB,n;e peKAR HHje roTOBO HHmTa. Balba, Ha­
HMe, 3HaTH ,n;a Taj Hapo,n; BAa,n;ame y TIpOmAOCTH MHOro
mHpHM TIpOCTpaHCTBHMa H KY,n;HKaMO 6pojHHjHM rpa,n;OBH­
Ma o,n; OHHX KOjH cy ,n;aHac y H>erOBOM TIoce.ny, Kao mTO ce<
MO)Ke BH,n;eTH KO,n; CTpa60Ha KOjH y ce,n;Moj KlbH3H 0 ,llaA­
MaTHHll.HMa OBaKO rBopH: Ty je H MOpHapHll.a (KruKe OH)
llaAMaTHHall.a, a Aal)e cy H>HXOBe CMemTeHe y Ayu.H CaAO­
,llyzo pamyjy c Ha. Taj je Hapo,n; je,n;aH .o,n; OHHX mTO .nyro paTOBaxy C PHM­
Pu.M./t,aHUMa. lbaHHMa, a lberoBHX 6eJame BHme o,n; TIe,n;eceT MeCTa Bpe,n;­
tKod OpmeJla HHX CTIOMeHa, Mel)y KojHMa H rpa,n;OBH TIOTIYT CaAOHe,
'l.umaMO npHaMOHe, HHHHa H t CHHOTPO, KaKO ,n;peBHH, TaKO H HO­
Sinotio. BH rpa,n; Tora HMeHa. HaBe,n;eHe rpa,n;oBe CTIaAH Ue3ap AB­
Aliaempuj ryCT. BHjaxy TY H TBpl)aBa AH,n;eTpHj H BeAHKH rpa,n; ,lleA­
npeMa ,llUOHY MHHHj TIO KOMe je Hapo,n; H ,n;06HO HMe. Ho 360r lby,n;cKe
6ejawe Ha mKpToCTH HaCHKa yqHHH o,n; lbera MaAH rpa,n;, a lbHBe TIO­
Mecmy
aaHaW~eZ
CTame namlball.H 3a OBll.e. ,llaAMaTHHll.HMa HMajy 06Hqaj
K.J1Uca. ,n;a CBaKe OCMe ro,n;HHe no,n;eAe 3eMlbY, Kao H ,n;a HeMajy Ha
CBOM no,n;pyqjy HOBqany pa3MeHY C HTaAHjaHHMa. nAHHHje
y 21. TIOrAaBlbY 3. KlbHre TIHme ,n;a rpa,n; CKpa,n;HH 6eme y­
TIpaBHO cpe,n;HmTe JaTIo,n;a, Kao H qeTpHaeCT AH6YPHHjCKHX
244
AH6ypHCKHX rpa,n;oBa, a y 22. TIOrAaBlbY KruKe: Y CaAOHY cy
,n;OAa3HAH TIO CMepHHll.e H3 MHorHX KpajeBa, TIo,n;elbeHH y
,n;eKYPHje; TpHCTa ce,n;aM,n;eceT H ,n;se ,n;aAMaTHHCKe ,n;eKYPH­
je, ,n;sa,n;eceT H ,n;Be ,n;eKYPHje, ,n;BeCTa TpH,n;eceT H ,n;eBeT ,llH­
THOHa, ce,n;aM,n;eceT H ,n;eBeT Ma3eH H ne,n;eceT H ,n;Be ,n;eKY­
pHje Cap,n;HaTH. rpa,n; HapOHa (KaKO peKOCMO CAe,n;ehH y
TOMe MapKa BapOHa) 6ejame ynpaBHo cpe,n;HmTe ,n;pyrHx JaapaHCX:O
89 rpa,n;oBa. Bejaxy TY H MHora oCTpBa, 6y.nyhH ,n;a HX, MopeUMa
KruKe nAHHHje y 26. TIOrAaBlbY 3. KlbHre, y Ja,n;paHcKoM XUJbaay
MOPY HMa BHme o,n; XHlha,n;y. Ko TO Y3Me y 063HP, Kao H ocmpea.
165
MHOro Tora ,n;pyrora mTO 0 ,llaAMall.HjH nHmy ,n;peBHH ay­
TOPH, Hehe MohH ,n;pyro, Hero OTBopeHO npH3HaTH ,n;a OHO
mTO CMO MaAO npe HcnpHnOBe,n;aAH 0 IIAeMeHHTOM ,n;aAMa­
THHCKOM Hapo.ny HHje rOTOBO HHmTa y TIOpel)elbY C HeKa­
,n;amlbHM lberoBHM CHaraMa.
,llap,n;aHe, Hapo,n; TaKol)e HaCTalbeH y HAHPHKY, CTa­ ,llapaaliu U3
PHjH nHCll.H CAaBe Kao Hapo,n; BnqaH OpYJKjy. OHH, HaHMe, HJtupux:a
qeCTO o,n;6Hme PHMCKY BOjCKY. no,n; 3HaMelbeM TIPOKOH3YAa 'l.ecmo oa6ujy
H TIOrAaBapa je,n;He o,n; KYpHja K. CKPH6oHHja, PHMlbaHH
pUMCX:Y
80jcx:y..
(KaKO TIHme naBAe Opo3Hje y 5. KH>H3H) 6ejaxy y HeTIpe­
KH,n;HOM cyxo6y C ,llap,n;aHHMa TOKOM TIYHe TpH ro,n;HHe. Hc­
TH TH ,llap,n;aHH HaHecome BeAHKe mTeTe MaKe,n;OHCKOM
KpalbY. HaMMe, paToBaxy qeCTO y OKPYTHHM oKpmajHMa
Bopece c
ct>u.l!unoM u
(npeMa TIHCalbY JYCTHHOBOM y 7, 25, 28. H 29. KlbH3H) C AJteX:OOHaPOM
<PHAHTIOM H C lberOBHM CHHOM AAeKCaH,n;poM BeAHKHM, Te C BeJlUX:UM.
nHpOBHM CHHOM AAeKcaH,n;poM H C MaKe,n;OHCKHM KpalbeM Hcmepajy U3
X:PQJbe8Cm8a
,lleMeTpHjeM, Kora Ha Kpajy HCTjepame H3 lberoBor Kpa­ ,lleMempuja,
lbeBCTBa. Ka,n; TIpo,n;peme y MaKe,n;OHCKO KpalbeBCTBO 3a Max:eaOIiCKOZ
BpeMe BAa,n;aBHHe Kpalba AHTHroHa, OIIlbaqKame ra H 3a­ 1CpaJba.
MeTHYme 60j C lbHM. npe6HBaAHmTa lbHXOBa (KaKO MHCAH
Aau) 6ejaxy y 3eMlbH ,n;aHac 3BaHoj BOCHa. npeMa PacPaeAY
BOAarepaHY H KYCTIHHHaHYCY HaCTalbaBaxy KpajeBe KOjH
cy ,n;aHac y TIoce.ny Cp6a H PamaHa. 06Hqaj HM 6ejame
(KaKO TIHme HHKOAa CTo6ej) He TIpaTH ce, Hero CBera TpH­
TIYT Y )KHBOTY: Ka,n; 6H ce PO,n;HAH, BeHqaAH H YMPAH. BpAO
ce pa,n;o 3a6aBlbaxy MY3HKOM (KaKO TIpHTIOBe,n;a CTpa60H y
7. KlbH3H), TIpH qeMY KopHcTHme KaKO .nyBaqKe, TaKO H 3a6a8.1bajy ce
)KHqaHe HHcTpYMeHTe. Y lbHXOBOj 6AH3HHH )KHBeAH cy Me­ MY3UX:OM..
)KaHH HAM, KaKO HX ,n;pyrH 30By, MH)KaHH. KOAHKO Taj MeJKaliu U3
Hapo,n; 6ejame oKpYTaH, xpa6ap H TIOHOCHT (KruKe Ayu.Hje HJtupuKa 8pJtO
<PAOP y 12. TIOrAaBlbY 4. KlbHre), CTpamHo je H H3roBopHTH. xpa6pu.
Ka,n; PHMCKH KOH3YA MapKo Kpac 6eme Beh CTIpeMaH 3a­
MeTHYTH 60j C lbHMa, je,n;aH 3aTIOBe,n;HHK Me)KaHa H3al)e H3
pe,n;oBa cBoje BojcKe H ,n;03BaBmH OHe H3 pHMcKe BojcKe
ynHTa HX KO cy, TIa Ka,n; My o,n;rOBopHme ,n;a cy TO PHM­
lbaHH, rOCTIo,n;apH CBHX Hpo,n;a, Me)KaHH Ha TO Y3BHKHYme:
BHhe TaKO aKO BH TI06e,n;HTe. nOCTojaAa cy ,n;sa orpaHKa
245
 ~
orpaHKa MeJKaHa y I1AHpHKY, O.n:HOCHO ropIbH H .n:OIbH.
ITpe6uea.nuw.m rOpIba Me3Hja, IIpeMa JoxaHY l\.eYHKAaJmycy H I\.any, jeCTe
e Me7ICaHa. Cp6Hja, .n:OK KYCIIHHHaHYC KaiKe .n:a je BOCHa. XaAKO­
KOH.n:HA, I\.au H KYCIIHHHaHYC CBe.n:O"le ,l(a je ,l(OIba Me3Hja
3aIIpaBO ByrapcKa, yrrPKOC TOMe IllTO IleTaH"lHn TBp.n:H .n:a
Mana O,l(roBapa IIO.n:pyqjy .n:aHac 3BaHOM 3aropje. Jop.n:aHec AAaH
CK.Umuja. Ha3HBa o6e Me3Hje MMOM CKHTHjOM Koja, IIpeMa HeKHM
166
TBp.ll:IbaMa, 06YXBaTa H 3eMlbY Beca H TpH6Ma. O.n: Beca
IIOTHqy BocaHUH, Kao IIITO neMo OIIIIIHpHHje H3AO)KlfTH y
.n:eAY IIocBeneHOM BOCHH. TPH6aAH naK, BHIlle O,l( HKojera
Tpu6a.nu U3
.n:pyror Hapo.n:a, 3a.n:aIIIe Y opYJKaHHM noxo.n:HMa BeAHKe He­ CMeIIITeHHX H3MeOY IIAaHHHa Po.n:OIIa H XeMOC, .n:OCTH3aIlle
HAUpUKa3a­
BOlbe MaKe.n:OHcKOM KpalbY <t>HAHrry. HaKOH IIITO OH 6ejaIlle
oajy een.wre
neTHaeCT .n:aHa rryTa. Y IIO"leTKY ce HarraTHIlle pa3.n:HpaHH
HeElaJbe
O.ll:Heo no6e.n:y Ha.n: TOAHKHM HapO.ll:HMa, nOKopHo CKOPO
MaICeOOHCICO.M
ueAY rp"lKY H nopa3HO "lHTaBe BojcKe, caMO My ce OHH (Kao
ICpa1by
IIITO nHIlle IlaBAe Opo3Hje y 12. H 13. IIorAaBlbY Tpene MaKe.n:OHal1.a H o.n: PHMlbaHa. IlpHIIoBe.n:a 113HroH, nOBO­
4>wtuny.
KIbHre) o.n:yIIpeIlle TaKO Cp"laHO .n:a ra, Ha.n:a"laBIIIH y 6ojy,
AHIIIHIlle y IIOTIIYHOCTH paTHora IIAeHa OTeTOr O,l( pa3HHx
Hapo.n:a. <t>HAHII, HaHMe, 6ejaIIIe KpeHYo y oCBajaIbe BH3aH­
CnapmaHCK.U
Ta, H3rpaoeHor o.n: cIIapTaHcKor Kpalba IlaycaHHje H npo­ 6H 3aYCTaBHAH norAe.n:, HapO"lHTO norAe,l( rryH cpJ.I6e, a .n:e­
ICpQJ1:> ITay­
caHuja uszpaOu IIIHpeHor o.n: xpHIllnaHcKor uapa KOHCTaHTHHa IIO KOMe
Busa1-!m. .n:06H HMe KOHCTaHTHHonolb; HO YCIIPKOC CBHM HanopHMa,
He YCIIe My 3aY3eTH rpa.n:. CKyIIHBIIIH 3aTO BeAHKY <pAOTy
YCMepH ce Ha IIlba"lKY xapajynH MopeM, r.n:e 3apo6H CTO ce­
.n:aM.n:eceT AaOa IIpeIIYHHX pa3HOBpCHor TepeTa. OTHIllaB­
IIIH 3aTHM y XepCOHec [KpHM], 3aY3e MHore rpa.n:oBe H OC­
BOjH 60raT IIAHjeH. KpeHY 3aTHM y noxo,l( npOTHB CKHTa,
n06e,l(H IbHXOBor Kpalba ETey, 3apo6H .n:Ba.n:eceT XHlba.n:a
:m:eHa H .n:eue CKHTCKe Hapo.n:HOCTH H OTe HM BeAHKH 6poj
)KIfBOTHIba, Meoy KojHMa H OKO .n:sa.n:eceT XHlba.n:a Hajpac­
HHjHX KOIba. Ha nOBpaTKY y MaKe,l(OHHjy c THM H .n:pyrHM
IIAeHOM, Hana.n:OIlle ra TPH6aAH. 3aMeTHYIlle 60j y KOMe
<t>HAHII 6H paIbeH y 6e,l(po TaKO .n:a Ma"l, 3apHBIIIH ce y <t>H':
AHIIOBOj H03H, CMeCTa CMPTHO paHH KOIba no.n: IbHM. Ka.n:
TO BH.n:eIlle KpalbeBH lby.n:H, BepyjynH .n:a je H OH caM MP­
TaB, .n:a.n:OIlle ce y 6eKCTBO, a TPH6aAH npHcBojHIlle caB
lLHXOB IIAeH. <t>HAHn ce HaKOH TOra BHIlle HHKa.n:a He o.n:Ba­
)KIf 3apaTHTH C IbHMa. Ho IberOB CHH AAeKCaH.ll:ap BeAHKH,
:m:eAenH ce HaKOH O"leBe CMPTH OCBeTHTH TpH6aAHMa 3a ry
IIlba"lKY, CyO"lH ce ca Cp"laHHM IbHXOBHM OTIIOpOM. YCAe,l(H
Te:m:aK H MY"laH paT Meoy IbHMa (KaO IllTO ce BH.n:H y
l\.eTonHcHoj MaTHUH MeOY 36HBaIbHMa H3 neTor pa3.n:06lba
o.n: IIOCTaHKa cBHjeTa) KOjH ce npeMa XepMaHHY KOHTpaK­
rycy CMeillTa y 3624. ro.n:HHY o.n: nOCTaHKa CBeTa. He Tpe6a
ce CTora qy.n:HTH pe"lHMa Ue3apa ABryCTa KOjH, n03Ha­
BajyhH HAHpcKY xpa6poCT HCKa3aHY KaKO y paToBHMa
npoTHB AAeKCaH.ll:pa, TaKO H y OHHMa IIpOTHB PHMlbaHa,
pe"le 3a IbHX ,l(a cy HajpaTo6opHHjH o.n: CBHX Hapo.n:a, KaKO
CBe,l(O"lH AIIHjaH H3 AAeKcaH.n:pHje. I1CTH aYTop Y CBOM
246
I1AHpHKY IIpHIIoBe.n:a KaKO Ue3ap ABryCT, IIOCTaBIIIH roc­
IIo.n:ap l1.eAora CBeTa, je.n:Hora .n:aHa, KopenH IIpe.n: CeHaToM
cAa6y Bpe.n:HocT MapKa AHToHHja, IIO.n:H"lH ce HaIIpoTHB 167
CBOjOM IIo6e.n:oM Ha.n: I1AHpHMa, Hapo.n:oM paTo6opHHjHM o.n: HAUpU
CBHX .n:pyrHx H KOjH "leCTO 6ejaIlle 3a.n:ao MyKe PHMlbaHHMa. Hajpamo6op­
HUjU HapoiJ.
Ka.n:a, .n:aKAe, AAeKcaH.n:ap BeAHKH YSH.n:e .n:a He Mo:m:e Ha.n:­
ja"laTH TpH6Me, KOjH ce 6ejaxy IIOBYKAH Ha .n:yHaBCKO OC­
TpBO IleBK, H Ka.n: IIpHMH .n:apOBe IbHXOBor Kpalba CHPMH­
ja, CKAOnH MHp C IbHMa. TPH6aAH (Kao IIITO IIHIlle CTPa­
60H) HaCTalLaBaxy TpaKHjy, Te o.n: 3aBH"laja ArpHjaHal1.a,
IbHXOBe 3eMlbe CBe .n:o ,lIyHaBa, IIITO H3HOCH y.n:albeHOCT o.n: ITpe6uea.nuw.
me Tpu6a.na.
YHYTpaIllIbHM cYKo6HMa, a 3aTHM npeTpneIlle IIopa3 o.n:
.n:enH ce 3a IlAHHHjeBHM CBje.n:O"leIbHMa y ,l(pyroM IIOrAaBlbY
ce.n:Me KIbHre, .n:a Meoy TpH6aAHMa 6ejaIlle lby.n:H KOjH Ben Meby
Tpu6a.nUMa
H caMHM IIorAe.n:OM 6au.axy "lHHH H y6Hjaxy OHe Ha KojHMa 6ew.e .Jbyou
K:Oju 6ayaxy
ua MHOro AaKIlle IIOMeraxy TOj norH6elbH. MHOro .n:pyrHx ttUHU CaMU.M
n02JleOoM.
CTBapH CAH"lHHX TOMe (Ka:m:y HeKH aYTopH) 6ejaIlle KO.n:
TpH6Ma. HaKOH IIITO CKAOIIH MHp C lLHMa, HCKYCHBIIIH
cHary H paTHY BeIIITHHY I1AHpa, AAeKcaH,l(ap ce XTe.n:e IIO­
CAYJKHTH Y CBHM CBOjHM IIoxo.n:HMa 6aIll IbHMa, a HapO"lHTO
IleoHHMa H ArpHjaHUHMa. YIIpaBO OHH IIO.n: 3anOBe.n:HHIll­
TBOM CBora Kpalba I\.arapa Ka3HHIlle .n:PCKOCT AYTapHjaTa,
KOjH ce 6ejaxy YCY.ll:HAH OMeTaTH AAeKCaH.n:pa y IberoBHM
IIAaHOBHMa. 3axBMHBIIIH I\.arapy KaKO npHAH"lH, AAeKCaH­
.n:ap ra Harpa.n:H Bpe.n:HHM ,l(apOBHMa H o6ena My ,l(aTH CBO­
jy ceCTpy UHHY 3a :m:eHY, IIO IIOBpaTKY y IleAAY. l\.arapoBa
CMPT, MeOYTHM, IIpeKHHy cBa.n:6eHe npHnpeMe H sa.n:a
BeAHKY 60A AAeKcaH.n:py, KOjH ce TOKOM "lHTaBOr CBora :m:H­
BOTa yseK IIOKa3a BpAO IIpHBp:m:eH ArpHjaHII.HMa. fbHXOBa HAUpU ce 60pe
y CJ!yJK:6u
KOIbHl1.a (KaiKe I\.au y 2. KIbH3H 0 ceo6aMa HapO,l(a) IIpO­ AneICcaHopa
CAaBlbeHa je y HCTOPHjCKHM .n:eAHMa, a AAeKCaH.ll:ap ce IIO­ Ben.UK:02.
CAYJKH IbOMe y CBHM CBOjHM paTOBHMa Kao rAaBHOM IIO­
,l(PIIIKOM MaKe,l(OHcKoj <pMaHrH, :m:eAenH je (IIpeMa CBe­
.n:O"leIbY ApHjaHa HHKoMe.n:HjcKor y 1. KlLH3H) yseK y3 ce6e
H Bo.n:enH Ha AeBOM KpHAY paTHHKe HaopYJKaHe IIITHTO­
BHMa, Te Hajxpa6pHje ArpHjaHl1.e. YnpaBo OHH 6exy rAaBHH
Y3POK IIopa3a H IIorH6Hje IIepcHjcKor KPalba .ll.apHja, Kao H
IIpOCAaBlbeHe AAeKCaH.n:poBe IIo6e.n:e Ha.n: IlepcHjaHl1.HMa.
KBHHT KypUHje, onHcyjynH AAeKcaH,l(pOB oKpIllaj C .ll.apH­
jeM, TeIIIKone H onaCHOCTH C KojHMa ce Ta.n:a CyO"lH, y 4.
KIbH3H OBaKO IIHIlle: BeAHKH 6poj MaKe.n:oHau.a (KaiKe OH)
Haoe CMpT Ben y npBOM HMery. HajBenH .n:eo IbHX IIo6e:m:e
AAeKcaH.n:py. IlepcHjaHl1.H Ha TO no.n:HroIlle CTpaIIIHy BHKY,
KaKO 06H"lHO pa.n:e IIo6e.n:HHl1.H, Te ce :m:eCTOKO IIpo6HIlle
247
 -
168 H3MeUY nOT)"'IeHHX HenpHjaTelba. CaM AAeKCaH,nap CTMe
KOpHTH H xpa6pHTH cBoje npeCTpallleHe Iby,ne H no,nCTHIJ;a­
TH Ha 60j KOjH Beh rOTOBO 6ellle 3aMpo, Te OCOKOiI.HBlllH HM
cpIJ;a HaTepa HX nOHOBHO Ha HenpHjaTelba. ilepcHjcKH pe­
,n:OBH 6exy npopeueHH C ,n:eCHe CTpaHe, jep EaKTpHjIJ;H 6eja­
xy OTHlllAH no 60jHa KOAa, HanYCTHBlllH nOAO:lKaje ynpaBo
c Te CTpaHe. AAeKcaH,nap CTora HaBaiI.H Ha nepcHjcKe npo­
lllHpeHe pe,n:OBe H npo,n:pe Meuy lbHX noy6HjaBlllH BeiI.HKH
6poj HenpHjaTelba. MeUyTHM OHH H3 nepcHjcKor AeBor KpH­
Aa, Y Ha,n:H ,n:a he ra OnKOiI.HTH ca CBHX CTpaHa, cynpOT­
CTaBHllle My ce y 60p6H npHlllaBlllH MY o,n n03MH. OKPY­
:lKeH ,naKAe ca CBHX CTpaHa, AAeKCaH,n:ap 6H ce Halllao y
BeiI.HKoj onaCHOCTH ,n:a ce ArpHjaHIJ;H He 6ejaxy nOKpeHYiI.H
H ,na C KOlbHIJ;OM Y TPKY HHCY HacpHyiI.H Ha ilepcHjaHIJ;e KO­
jH ra 6ejaxy OKPY:lKHAH, npHCHAHBlllH HX ,n:a ce OKpeHY H
3aMeTHY C lbHMa 60j. Je,nHHHIJ;e C 06e CTpaHe 6exy OMeTe­
He. AAeKcaH,n:ap je HMao npOTHBHHKa H cnpe,n:a H o,n no­
3MH. OHe KOjH CTajaxy TaqHO Hcnpe,n lbera npHTHCHYllle H
nOT,YKOllle ArpHjaHIJ;H. To je OHO lllTO npHnOBe,n:a KaHHT
KypIJ;Hje. AnHjaH H3 AAeKcaH,n:pHje y CBOM Hil.HpHKY Ha3H­
Ba, Te ArpHjaHIJ;e CAaBHHM Hil.HpCKHM HapO,n:HMa, a THT
AHBHje y 4. KlbH3H V. LLeKMe Ka:lKe ,n:a 6ejaxy xpa6pH paT-
HHIJ;H. LLaKAe, 3axBalbyjyhH lbHxOBOj CpqaHOCTH H jYHalll­
3e.M.lbe noO
eaJ!awhy
TBY, AAeKCaH,n:ap 3arocno,n:apH JOHHjOM, MopejoM [ileAo­
AnelCcaHopa nOHe30Mj, 06eMa <l>pHrHjaMa, KanMoKHjoM, ilacaroHHjoM,
BeJ1UlCOZ Ali,nHjOM, KapHjoM, AHKHjOM, ilaHC:PHAHjOM H <l>eHHKHjoM;
sGXea./byjy1iu nOKopH ErHnaT C rpqKOM AH6HjOM, ,n:eo Apa6Hje, UeAocH­
jYHawmey
HHjy, MeCOnOTaMHjy, BaAaHHjy, CY3Y, ilepcHjy, Me,nHjy,
HllUpa.
Kao H ilapTe, YKlbyqyjyhH H CBe KpajeBe 06YXBaheHe nep-
CHjCKHM H Me,n:HjcKHM IJ;apCTBOM, a C OHe CTpaHe KacnHj­
CKHX BpaTa TaKoue H KaBKa30M H peKOM TaHaHcoM. ilpo­
lllHpH cBoje IJ;apCTBO Ha 3eMIbe EaKTpHjaIJ;a H XHpKaHa, a:
CKHTe OTepa y lbHXOBe lllYMe. KOHaqHO npOlllHpH CBOjy
BAaCT HM CAaBHHM peKaMa HH,nOM, XH,n:acne, XaKeCHHOM
H XH,n:paOTOM. HHje 3aTO HHKaKBO qy,no lllTO AAeKcaH,nap
TOM TaKO CHa:lKHOM Hil.HPCKOM Hapo.n:y ,no,neiI.H nOBAaCTHIJ;y
qHjH je 3anHC npOHaueH HaKOH MHorHX BeKOBa y je,nHoj
KOHCTaHTHHonoIbcKoj 6H6i1.HOTeIJ;H, a ca,np:lKaj je cAe,n:ehH:
floan.acmu1;Ia MH, AAeKcaH,n:ap <l>Hil.HnOB, Kpalb MaKe,n:OHHje, KHe3 MO­
OOOeJbeHa
HapxHje, 3aqeTHHK rpqKOra UapCTBa, CHH BeAHKora 3eBca
H.nupu.Ma 00
cmpaHe o,n: HaTa6aHa HajaBlbeH, rocno,n:ap ABryCTa, EparMaHa H
AnelCcaHopa Apana, o,n HCTOKa ,no 3anMa, o,n jyra ,no ceBepa, ITAeMe­
BeJ1UlCOZ. HHTOM po.n:y CAOBeHCKOM H je3HKY lberoBoM XBaAa, MHp H
cpeha. HaMa H HaCAe,nHHIl,HMa HalllHMa KOjH he Hac y
BAMaBHHH CBeTOM HaCAe,nHTH y cnOMeH, jep 6HiI.H CTe HaM
o,n:aHH, Ha OPY:lKjy CpqaHH, BOjCKOBOUe HalllH H CHa:lKHH
169 paTHHIJ;H, TpajHo BaM ,n:apyjeMo H CA060,n:HO ,no,nelbyjeMo
3eMlbe Koje ce npocTHpy o,n: ceBepa CBe ,no KpajlbHx jY:lKHHX
248
rpaHHIJ;a HTail.Hje, ,na ce HHKO He ycy,n:H TaMO HaCTaHHTH
HAH 3Mp:lKaTH OCHM BalllHX IbY,n:H. 3aTeKBY AH ce TaMO qH­
ja npe6HBaAHlllTa, HeKa BaM OH p06 6y,n:e, a ,neu;a lberoBa
p060BH Ballloj ,n:eIJ;H.
LLapOBHHIJ;a CaqHlbeHa y HOBOM rpa.n:y AAeKcaH,n:pHjH,
KOjH YTeMeIbHCMO Ha BeiI.HKoj peIJ;H HHAY, ro,n:HHe ,n:BaHa­
eCTe KpalbeBalba Halllera, C 60roM BeiI.HKHM 3eBcoM, Te C
MapcoM, ilAYTOHOM H 60rHlbOM MHHepBoM HaMa Ha no­
Moh; y npHcycTBy CBe,nOKa ITAeMeHHTor ATAeTa pH3HHqapa
Halllera H ,n:pyrHx je,n:aHaeCT KHe2KeBa Koje CMO, 6y.n:yhH ,n:a
HaM je cYUeHo 6e3 nOTOMaKa yMpeTH, o,n:pe,n:HiI.H 3a HaCAe,n­
HHKe cBoje H IJ;eAOra CBeTa.
Taj 3anHC 0 nOBAaCTHIl,H, KaKO peKOCMO, HaKOH MHOro
BeKOBa npOHaue HeKH JYAHje EaATa3ap, IJ;apCKH ceKpeTap.
HHTKO, ,n:aKAe, HeKa He yBpe,n:H CAOBeHCKO HMe Koje ce OB­
,n:e qyje, THM BHllle lllTO AnHjaH H3 AAeKcaH,n:pHje, Kao lllTO C.naeHU
CMO Beh peK1l.H, Ha3HBa ArpHjaHIJ;e 3HaMeHHTHMa H npe­ AzpujaH1;Iu.
CAaBHHMa, lllTO KO,n HAHpa 3aHCTa H 03HaqaBa CAOBeHe
HiI.H CAaBOHIJ;e. MHXO COiI.HlbaHHH, KOjH :lKHBlballle OKO Ae­
Ta rOcno.ll:lbera 1010. H OCTaBH 3anHce 0 HAHpHMa, Ha
Kpajy CBora ,n:eAa cnOMHlbe HAHpCKO BojeBalbe y CAY:lK6H jJ.ofia JlCueoma
Muxa COJIU­
AAeKcaH,n:pa BeAHKor H Ka:lKe ,n:a HM OH 3601' TOra o,n:a Be­
HoaHUHa.
il.HKe nOqaCTH. ArpHjy, rpM CMelllTeH y LLaKHjH, H3rpa­
,n:Hllle (KaKO TBp,n:H EOHC:PHHH Y 1. KlbH3H 1. LLeKMe) HCTH TpaoAzpujy
TH ArpHjaHIJ;H, HaCTalbeHH (npeMa CTec:paHY BH3aHTHHIJ;y) uszpaauwe
AzpujaHlJ,u.
H3Meuy nAaHHHa XeMOc H Po,n:ona y 6i1.H3HHH MaKe,n:oHHje.
H OBa nOCAe,nlba 3eMlba 6ejame HCTO TaKO o.n:yBeK HaCTa­
lbeHa CAOBeHHMa H THpOBHM nOTOMIJ;HMa, npeM,n:a npeMa
HeKHM MHllllbelbHMa MaKe,n:oHIJ;e Balba YBPCTHTH MeUY
rpKe. ilpOTHB TaKBHX TBp,n:lbH HaBo,n:HM OHO lllTO KaHHT
MalCeOOHC'ICU
KypIJ;Hje nHllle 0 AAeKcaH,n:py BeiI.HKOM, KOjH BHllle Hero jesulC 6ejawe
jacHo pa3AHKYje je3HK MaKe,n:OHaIJ;a o,n: roBopa rpKa, lllTO pas.nUlium 00
jacHo nOKa3yje KaKO MaKe,n:OHCKH rOBOp He 6ejallle y nOT­ ZptilCOZ.
nYHOCTH pa3YMlbHB qHTaBoj AAeKCaH,n:pOBoj BOjCIJ;H, ,n:o­
6pHM ,n:eAOM caCTaBlbeHoj o,n: rpKa. HaHMe, KM AAeKcaH­
,n:ap peqe <l>HAOTH, CHHY ilapMeHHOHOBOM, ,n:a HMa o,n:peue­
BY CTBap H3A02KHTH npe,n MHOlllTBOM, 06paTH MY ce
peqHMa: <l>HAOTa, MaKe,n:OHIJ;H Te Mopajy pa3YMeTH, CTora
Te MOiI.HM ,na HM ce 06paTHlll Ha CBOM MaTepHlbeM je3HKY.
<l>HAOTa He XTe,n:e TaKO yqHHHTH, jep .n:a ra He 6H CBH
pa3YMeAH. AAeKcaH,n:ap 3aKIbyqH ,n:a <l>HAOTy 6ejallle Mp3aK
lberOB BAaCTHTH MaTeplbH je3HK. ila KM 6H MaKe,n:OHIJ;H,
,n:aKAe, 6HAH rpIl,H, 3alllTO 6H <l>HAoTa O,n:6HO roBOPHTH
rpqKH y npHcyCTBy rpKa, HapOqHTO Y3Me AH ce y 063Hp ,n:a,
3axBalbyjyhH rpqKOM roBOPHHlllTBY, He 6H 6HO Morao HahH
170
npHKAMHHjer je3HKa, CaMO ,n:a cy MaKe,n:OHIl,H 6Hi1.H rpIJ;H?
HaHMe (KaKO Ka:lKe IlAHHHje y ce,n:Moj KlbH3H, nOrAaBlbY
ne,n:eceT H Ce,n:MOM), npehYTHO 0,n:06paBalbe lby,n:H 6ejallle
249

npBO Koje AOnpHHeCe Aa ce nOCA)7)KH jOHCKOM 6eCeAOM.
MaTeplbH je3HK MaKeAOHaL(a, AaKAe, noroTOBY lIITO
lle pa3AH"IHT OA 3ajeAHH'lKOr je3HKa, 3a KOjH npeTnOCTaB­
lbaMO Aa 6ejalle y ynoTpe6H y 'lHTaBOj BOjCL(H AAeKCaHApa
JeiJuHCmeo BeAHKOr, jaCaH je 3HaK Aa ce MaKeAOHL(H He y6pajajy Meby
jesw(Q iJOKa3je rpKe, jep 06H'laj je (KaKO Ben peKOCMO) Y3HMaTH ApeBHO
jeiJuHcmea jeAHHCTBO je3HKa Kao nOY3AaH AOKa3 jeAHHCTBa HaL(Hje.
Ha1J,uje.
CTora C 063HPOM Aa y OAAH'lHOj HeM6poToBoj rrOAeAH je­
3HKa HHjeAaH ayTop He TBPAH cynpoTHo H Aa HeMa cno­
MeHa MaKeAOHaL(a H lbHXOBa je3HKa, a 6YAYnH Aa CMO naK
Ha TeMelbY pa3AHKe H3Meby je3HKa rpKa H MaKeAOHaL(a
H3HeAH BHlle Hero AOBOlbHO AOKa3a KaKO MaKe,n:OHL(H HHCY
rpL(H, HYJKHO HaM je, rro3HBajynH ce Ha CBeAO'leFbe cf>HAH­
na H3 BepraMa, npH3HaTH KaKO MaKeAOHL(H OAYBeK 6ejaxy
CAOBeHCKor je3HKa, KaO llTO cy TO H caAa. A llTa neTe TeK
rrOMHCAHTH a OHOMe ruTO HaAa3HMO KOA TyKHAHAa; o6y­
XBaTHBllH KpajeBe OA BH3aHTa AO ITYAe, yKlbyqyjynH Be­
AHKH Aeo TpaKHje H Me3Hje, y3 TO H L(eAH HAHPHK, OH Ta
llHpOKa npOCTpaHCTBa Ha3HBa MaKeAoHHjoM, a TO je Kao
Aa OTBopeHO Ka>Ke: CMaTpaMAa TpaKHjy, Me3Hjy H HAHPHK
He Tpe6a pa3ABajaTH OA MaKeAOHaL(a, jep He CYMFbaM Aa
cy Tpa'laHH, Me:>KaHH H HAHPH nOBe3aHH HCTOM Be30M C
MaKeAOHL(HMa. CBeAO'lH 0 TOMe H HaCAOB AAeKcaHApa Be­
AHKOr, KOjH ce CMaTpa KpalbeM MaKeAOHaL(a H rpKa, a jOll
BHlle OA Tara pa3AH'lHTOCT 06H'laja H Ha'lHHa :>KHBOTa KOjy
HaAa3HMO MaKeAOHaL(a H rpKa H 3axBalbyjynH
KOjOj MH HHje haKO nOBepOBaTH KaKO 6H y lbYAH HCTe Ha­
POAHOCTH MorAe nOCTojaTH TaKBe cynPOTHOCTH y 06H'la­
jHMa. H3 HCTor pa3Aora KBHHT KypL(Hje, rrHllynH 0 6op6H
rrpca y rrpca H3Meby ,.[(HOKCHrra ATHFbaHHHa H XopaTa
MaKeAOHL(a, HaBoAH Aa Meby AAeKcaHApOBHM BojHHL(HMa
6ejalle rpKa KOjH AP:>Kaxy CTpaHY ,.[(HOKCHny; HO 3allTO TH·
rpL(H He nOAp:>KaBaxy XopaTa MaKeAOHL(a, aKO cy MaKe­
3aw.mo AOHL(H jeAHo Te HCTO C rpL(HMa, TaKa KaKO nOAp:>KaBaxy
AneKcaHiJpa llHoKcHrra 3aTO llTO 6ejalle rpK? ITa AaKAe Ka>Ke AH ce
BeJtUKO<:
nOHex:aiJ
KaTKa,a;, a HapO'lHTO KOA BapBapCKHX HapOAa, Aa AAeKcaH­
Aap BeAHKH 6ejalle rpK, Balba TO npHnHcaTH 'lHFbeHHL(H
rpKOM. llTO cy HCTO'lHHM HapOAHMa, 360r lbHXOBHX 'leCTHX cYKo6a
C rpL(HMa, OBH 6HAH n03HaTHjH OA CBHX ApyrHX eBponCKHX
171 HapOAa, Te 360r TOra CBe 3ana,a;He HapOAe CMaTpaxy rp­
L(HMa, jeAHaKo Kao llTO y Halle BpeMe rpL(H H TyPL(H,
3ajeAHo ca CBHM OCTaAHM HCTO'llba'lKHM HapOAHMa, Bepyjy
Aa cy CBH HapOAH KaTOAH'lKe Bepe cf>paHL(H. JepeMHja Pyc
y MOCKOBCKOM AeTorrHCY caCBHM jacHo Ka>Ke KaKO PyCH
HAH MOCKOBlbaHH 6ejaxy HCTOra je3HKa Kao H ApeBHH Ma­
KeAOHL(H. MaKeAOHCKora pOAa 6ejalle Kpalb cf>HAHn, OTaL(
AAeKCaHApa BeAHKOr, KOjH (KaKO nHlly I1AyTapx y
AAeKCaHAPOBoj 6Horpaq:mjH, JyCTHH y 8. KFbH3H, Ca6eAHKO
250
'".....:'
y 3. KlbH3H 4. EHea,a;e, Te MHorH APyrH} npHCHAH Hajno­
HocHHje rp'lKe rpa,a;oBe Aa ce nOKope FberoBHM 3aKOHHMa
H poncKHM japMoM nOTAa'lH rp'lKY Koja ce CBe AO Tor
BpeMeHa 6ejalle OAp:>KaAa y CAo6oAH, Te 3axBalbyjynH
CAaBHHM CBOjHM nOJlYXBaTHMa nOCTa paaB CAaBH HajBeAH­
'laHCTBeHHjHx KpalbeBa. CHH FberOB AAeKcaHAap BeAHKH
(KaKO nHlle y npBoj nOCAaHHL(H MaKa6ejL(HMa y npBOM no­
rAaBlbY) npeBaAH oBaj CBeT CBe AO caMHX lberOBHX rpaHH­
L(a, OAHece IIAeH MHOllTBa HapOAa H 3eMlba npeA lbHM 3a­
HeMH. HaKOH AAeKCaHApOBa Ao6a, MaKeAOHL(H H FbHXOBH
nOTOML(H (npeMa CBeAO'lelbY ,.[(HOAopa CHL(HACKOr y 1.
KlbH3H), y3 Apyra OB03eMalbCKa KpalbeBCTBa 3aBAa,a;axy H
ErHnTOM, H TO THjeKoM nyHHX 276 rOAHHa. Ho BpaTHMo ce
ca,a;a 3anO'leTOj npwIH a HAHpHMa. HaKOH CMpTH AAeK­ Y Hajm.e;¥(UM
epe.M.eHu..Ma
caHApa BeAHKor, paToBaxy y CA)7)K6H ApyrHX KHe>KeBa, a F'u.MJbaHu ce
npBeHcTBeHo y CA)7)K6H PHMlbaHa, KOjH H3 BAaCTHTora HC­ noCltYJKuw.e
KYCTBa n03HaBaxy HAHpe Kao Hajcp'laHHje Meby lbYAHMa, UAUPCKOM
na o6e36eAHlle FbHXOBO npHjaTelbcTBo, cA)7)KenH ce FbHXO­ eojcKoM.
BHM BOjHHM jeAHHHL(aMa Y HajonacHHjHM nOJlYXBaTHMa H
y HajTe>KHM BpeMeHHMa. TaKa AMHjaH MapL(eAHH, nHIuynH
y 2. KlbH3H a PHMCKHM paToBHMa, Ka>Ke: JYAHjaH jOll YBeK
CTpaxoBalle npeA HCTO'lFba'lKOM CHarOM, HapO'lHTO AO­
HAupu UCKYC'
3HaBllH Aa BeAHKa B~cKa npeABobeHa BHCOKOAoCTOjHH­
HU uxpaopu
KOM MapL(HjaHoM, noxapaBllH TpaKHjy, CaMO llTO He 3a­ pamHU1J,U.
Y3e Mebe CyKH. Ho ycnpKoc CBHM THM HeBOlbaMa, CTpax He
OBAa,a;a y nOTnyHoCTH FbHMe, Ben HanpOTHB CTa,a;e Ha 'leAO
HAHpa, HCKYCHHX H BpAO xpa6pHX paTHHKa. Y BpeMe KaA
paTo6opHa repMaHHja 3a,a;aBarue CHAHe MyKe PHMCKOM
UapCTBY, Ha FberoBe rpaHHL(e 6exy nOCTaBlbeHe CTpa>Ke npah.nKapu,
caCTaBlbeHe OA ABejy HAHpCKHX AerHja, CBaKa OA no lleCT eojHu1J,u iJeejy
UAUPCKUX
XHlba,a;a BojHHKa 3BaHHX npanKapHMa, OA TaKBe Ba>KHOCTH Aemja.
< Aa 3a,a;yrO (KaKO nHrue BereL(Hje y 17. norAaBlbY 1. KlbHre)
CBH paToBH 6exy ycnellHo OKOH'laHH ynPaBO 3axBalbyjynH
HAHpHMa. Ka,a; Ha BAaCT CTynHlle ,.[(HOKAeL(HjaH H MaKCH­ 300<: saClty<:a
CBOjux iJ06uw.e
MHjaH, 3aCAyroM HAHpCKe xpa6poCTH AOHecorue OMYKY a UMe Jynume­
FbHXOBOM HMeHoBalbY JynHTepOBL(HMa H XepKYAOBL(HMa. poe1J,u u
HH Ue3ap ABryCT y rpabaHcKHM paToBHMa, HH L(ap BaAeHC XepKYA081J,u.
y nOXOAHMa Ha HCTOK, He npHMHlle HH OA jeAHor HapOAa
TaKBY nOMon KaKBY HM np)7)KHlle HAHpH. PaTOBaxy OHH
172
TaKobe H y HTaAHjH npOTHB rOTa, y CA)7)K6H BeAH3apa, rAe HAupupamy­
ce jYHaruTBoM HajBHrue HCTaKHY Ha3aT, nOrAaBap HAHpa jy y HmaAuju
(KaKO nHrue ITpoKonHje y 3. KFbH3H 0 rOTHMa). ,.[(aAMaTHH­ Y CltYJKOU
BeJ!Usapa.
L(H 6exy HAHpCKH HapoA KOjH ce noce6Ho HCKa3a Ha oP)7)K­
jy, a HMe lbHXOBO (Ka>Ke BepHapAo 1)YCTHHHaHH y 4. KlbH­ ,l{aJLMamUHCK
o UMe oejaw.e
3H) 6ejalle YBeK Ha CAaBH. )l{eAenH YBe:>K6aTH cBoje BOjHH­
yeeK CJtaeHO.
Ke H CBHKHYTH HX paTHHM HeAanaMa, PHMlbaHH cy HX CAa­
AH (npeMa H3BeruTajHMa BeAejoBHM y 2. KFbH3H) Y 6op6y
C ,.[(aAMaTHHL(HMa, 'lHje jYHallTBo 6exy 'leCTO HCKYCHAH,
251
 "WI"
cn03HaBIllH TaKolje CHary THX Ihy,ll.H KOjH ce ,ll.06POBOIhHO
60pHille 3a CBor KHe3a. PHMIhaHH CTOra HaCTojaxy ,ll.a HX
roTOBO YBeK HMajy y3 ce6e y Ba:>KHHM oKpIllajHMa, Te y Ty
JIee ClG.IlMa- CBPXY (KaKO npHnOBe,ll.a JOCHn y 11. KH>H3H 0 jy,ll.ejcKHM
mWf.CKe .JI.emje paToBHMa) CTaAHO ,ll.p:lKaxy ,ll.Be AerHje .llaAMaTHHall,a Ha
CMewmeHe H.a rpaHHll,aMa repMaHHje y O,ll.6paHY O,ll. Hana,ll.a H>eHOr OKPYT­
zepMaHCltU.M Hor CTaHOBHHillTBa. Y cYK06y ll,apa KAay,ll.Hja C rOTHMa,
zpaHU-YaMa. •
':IHJH 6pOJ. ,ll.OCTH3aIlle 350 XHIha,ll.a 6 opall,a, ,ll.aAMaTHHCKa
ce KOH>Hll,a (nHille Tpe6eAHje y 6HorpaqmjH Tora ll,apa) jac­
HO nOKa3a BPAO xpa6poM H BH':IHOM paTHHM BeIllTHHaMa,
IJ.ap Knayouje THM BHIlle IllTO CaM KAay,ll.Hje 6ejaille ,ll.aAMaTHHCKora no­
oejawe JIaJl- 6 BjOH,ll.O Ka:>Ke ,ll.a O,ll. ,l{,Ba je3HKa CTBopHille TPehH, HOB je­
MamUHa-y. peKAa. KOAHKO H>HXOBa Cp':laHOCT H H>HXOBa BepHOCT exy
Ha ll,eHH y PHMIhaHa, Haj60Ihe CBe,ll.O':lH rp':lKH aYTop 30­
CHM, KOjH Y 5. KIi>H3H OBaKO nHIlle: Y BpeMe KOHCTaHTHHo­
Bor paTa C ll,apeM XOHopHjeM (Ka:>Ke OH), Ka,ll. ce PHM Halje
JIG.IlMamUH-YU . YBeAH je3HK KOjHM ce ,ll.aHaC TaMO rOBopH. OHH KOjH TBp,ll.e
cy noseaH.U y y BeAHKoJ onacH~cTH, KHe3 ce ,ll.OCeTH n03BaTH y 0~6paHY
. oCiopaH.Y.Pu.Ma. rpa,ll.a PHMa AerHJe caCTaBIheHe O,ll. ,ll.aAMaTHHCKHX BOJHHKa,
KOjH KaKO 360r BeAHKe cBoje xpa6pocTH, TaKO H 360r Be­
AHKe cBoje TeAeCHe CHare, 6ejaxy rOTOBO HajBa:>KHHjH ,ll.eo
':IHTaBe pHMCKe BojcKe. TaKo 0 .llaAMaTHHll,HMa rOBopH 30­
CHM, a ja He BepyjeM ,ll.a je Moryhe ':IYTH ':IacHHjera cno­
MeHa O,ll. Tora, 6Y.ll.YhH ,ll.a H3Meljy CBHX HapO,ll.a PHMCKora
UapCTBa OHH je,ll.HHH 6ejaxy cMaTpaHH ,ll.OCTojHHMa npHMH­
TH 3a ,ll.y:lKHOCT 0,ll.6paHY rpa,ll.a PHMa, npeCTOHHll,e ':IHTa­
Bora ll,apCTBa. CTora ce HHKOMe He 6H TPe6aAo ':IHHHTH
qy,ll.HHM IllTO jOill H ):l.aH-,ll.aHaC TypCKH norAaBap TOAHKO
nOIllryje HAHpe ,ll.a ynpaBo Meljy H>HMa 6Hpa Haj60Ihe Be­
AHKO,ll.OCTojHHKe cBoje BAa,ll.e H 3anOBe,ll.HHKe cBoje BojcKe,
a TeAeCHa rap,ll.a My je cacTaBIheHa O,ll. rOTOBO ,ll.Ba,ll.eceT XH­
Iha,ll.a jaHH':Iapa re HapO,ll.HOCTH. ITo MOM MHIllIheH>Y 6Hhe
,ll.OBOIhHO IllTO CMO ,ll.OCa,ll. peKAH Kao ,ll.OKa3 ,ll.a cy MAHPH, a
noce6HO .llaAMaTHHll,H O):l.yBeK 6HAll qyBeHH paTHHll,H npo-·
Aymopu KOju CAaBIheHa HMeHa. )KeAH AH MO:JK,ll;a HeKO ,ll.03HaTH BHIlle 0
nucaxy 0 ,ll.pyrHM nO,ll.YXBaTHMa H ycnecHMa THX Ihy,ll.H, HeKa ':IHTa
,aG.llMamuH.-Yu AaTHHCKe ayrope THTa MBHja, BeAeja ITarepKYAa, CeKCTa
M;;: Clpy?U.M. Py<iJa, CBeToHHja TpaHKBHAa, Tpe6eAHja ITOAHOHa, <PAaBH­
u~73 ja BonHCKa, ITAHHHja, BjoH,ll.a H Ca6eAHK, a o,ll. rpKa HeKa
Y3Me IToAH6Hja, .llHoHa H3 HHKeje, ITAYTapxa, AnHjaHa H3
AAeKCaH,ll.pHje, CTpa6oHa, 30CHMa, reoprHja Ke,ll.peHa, HH­
Ke<iJopa KaAHCTa, 30Hapy H AaOHHKa XaAKOKOH,ll.HAa. CBH
OHH YKpaTKo cnOMeHYille .llaAMall,Hjy H ,ll.pyre HAHPCKe no­
KpajHHe. KOjHM ce je3HKoM TaMO roBOPHAO y ,ll.aBHHHH, nH­
TaH>e je Koje je H3a3BaAO MHore He,ll.OYMHll,e, a HeKH TBp,ll.e
,ll.a je3HK KOjHM ce ,ll.aHaC roBOPH y .llaAMall,HjH H ,ll.pyrHM
HAllpCKHM nOKpajHHaMa He nOTH':Ie H3 ,ll.aBHHX BpeMeHa,
Beh ,ll.a cy ra npBH nyT OKO 606. ro,ll.HHe YBeAH y ynoTpe6y
CAoBeHH npHAHKOM 3anOCe,ll.aH>a THX KpajeBa, ,ll.OK ce npe
Tora rOBOpHAO rp':lKHM HAH AaTHHCKHM je3HKoM. Ja caM,
252
MeljYTHM, cynpoTHora MHIllIheH>a H CMaTpaM ,ll.a je je3HK
MAHpHKa 6HO HCTH oHaj KOjHM ce H ,ll.aHaC TaMO rOBopH,
HaKO je ,ll.OAaCKOM rOTa H CAOBeHa ,ll.OHeKAe H3MeH>eH.
HaHMe, r,ll.e ro,ll. cTapOce,ll.eOll,H HHCy caCBHM H3YMpAH, YBeK
ce 3a,ll.p:lKaO npBH H ,ll.peBHH je3HK Tora Kpaja, ynpKoc
,ll.eAHMH':IHHM npOMeHaMa, Kao IllTO ce BH,ll.H y HTaAHjaH­
CKOM cAyqajy, r,ll.e ,ll.peBHH je3HK AaTHHa jOill YBeK nOCTojH,
npeM,ll.a HCKBapeH HenpecTaHHM npOBaAaMa ryljHHall,a
pa3HHX HapO,ll.HOCTH y MTaAHjy. BepyjeM ,ll.a ce HCTO TO
,ll.Oro,ll.HAO H C .llaAMaTHHll,HMa H ,ll.pyrHM MAHpHMa, ':IHjH je
,ll.peBHH je3HK HCKBapeH y ,ll.O,ll.HpHMa ca CAOBeHHMa. Ho
3HK, 6y):l.yhH ,ll.a HeMa ,ll.OKa3a ,ll.a cy ,ll.aAMaTHHCKH HAH JIOKa3 Cia
HAHpCKH CTapOCe,ll.eOll,H HKa,ll.a y nOTnYHOCTH H3YMPAH 6H­ C.JI.08eH.CKU
oeweoClyeeK
AO KPHBHll,OM CAOBeHa HAll ,ll.pyrHX ryljHHall,a KOjH 6H
jesuK
H.JI.UpuKa.
,ll.a ce y HAllpCKHM 3eMIhaMa y ,ll.aBHHHH rOBOpHAO rp':lKH
HAll AaTHHCKH, caCBHM rpeIlle, jep ,ll.a je TaKO, He 6H rp':lKH
H AaTHHCKH nHCll,H 3BaAH MAHpe BapBapHMa, Kao IllTO
MeljYTHM jacHo npOH3HAa3H. MCTHHa je, HapaBHO, ,ll.a y
HeKHM npHMopCKHM rpa,ll.OBHMa y .llaAMall,HjH 6ejaxy
CMeillTeHa pHMCKa HaceIha y KojHMa 6ejaille y ynoTpe6H
AaTHHCKH, HO OHe rOTOBO CBe ,ll.0 je,ll.He HeCTa,ll.OIlle C AHll,a
3eMIhe Ka,ll. CAOBeHH 3anOCe,ll.OIlle Te KpajeBe, IllTO ce (KaKO Ce. JepoHUM
peKOCMO) 36H AeTa rOcno,ll.H>era 606. JOill je,ll.aH ,ll.OKa3 H,ll.e np€eeCie
y npHAor TBp,ll.H>H ,ll.a ce HCTHM je3HKoM roBOPHAO y .llaA­ JIG.IlMa­
mu H.-YUMa H.a
Mall,HjH H npe nojaBe CAoBeHa, a TO je npeBO,ll. CBeTor nHC­
C.JI.08eH.CKU
Ma Koje ll,pKBeHH OTall, CB. JepOHHM caCTaBH 3a .llaAMa­ jeSUKCmapu
THHll,e, Kao IllTO CBe,ll.O':lH BjOH,ll.O y 7. KIi>H3H 0 CAaBO,ll.O­ U H08U saeem.
6HTHOM PHMY, r,ll.e OBaKO nHIlle: CB. JepoHHM caCTaBH (Ka­ 174
HoeonuCMo
:lKe OH) HOBO nHCMO, pa3AH':IHTO H O,ll. rp':lKOra H O,ll. AaTHH­
KOjeje ca­
CKora, Te THM nHCMOM 3anHca 3a .llaAMaTHHll,e CBOj npeBO,ll. cmaeuo Ce.
CBeTora nHCMa Ha CAOBeHCKH je3HK. He CaMO ,ll.a caCTaBH JepOHUM.
TO HOBO nHCMO H HaBe,ll.eHH npeBO,ll. Hero Ha HcTOM je3HKY
3anHca TaKolje H KaTOAH':IKO 60rOCAY:lKje nOTBpljeHo O,ll.
CTpaHe EyreHa IV. MCTO TO nHille Ca6eAHKO y 9. KH>H3H 7.
EHea,ll.e, Te JaHOill TypO':lH y YrapcKoM AeTonHcy, r,ll.e Ka:>Ke Cn08eHu us
,ll.a 3a BpeMe BAa,ll.aBHHe yrapcKor KpaIha AY,ll.OBHKa Map­ .i\unHa npUMe
XPUW1'laHCKY
TeAa, CAoBeHH H3 KAaHll,a AHnHa, Ihy,ll.H TBp,ll.OrAaBH, npH­
eepy.
MHille XpHCTOBY Bepy, ,ll.OK HM KaTOAH':IKH CBeIllTeHHll,H
,ll.p:lKaxy MHCY H ,ll.pyre cAY:JK6e BO:lKHje npeMa npeBo.ll.Y
CBeTor JepoHHMa, ll,pKBeHOr Oll,a. CaCTaBH OH Taj npeBO,ll.
(npeMa XepMaHY KOHTPaKrycy H J oxaHY HaYKAepycy) ro­
TOBO ,ll.Be CTOTHHe rO,ll.HHa npe HO IllTO CAoBeHH 3ano­
Ce,ll.HYille .llaAMall,Hjy. BY.ll.YhH ,ll.aKAe ,ll.a je O':lHTO ,ll.a CB.
JepoHHM 6eIlle npeBeo .llaAMaTHHll,HMa CBeTo nHCMO Ha
Taj je3HK, He MO:lKe My ce HerHpaTH nOCTojaH>e Ha TOM
nO,ll.pyqjy H npe ,ll.OAaCKa CAOBeHa. IToKa3yjy TO H HeKa
253
 11"""
HMeHa MeCTa y I1AHPHK)1, Ha,neH)'Ta Ilpe HO WTO CAOBeHH
IlpHCTHrowe y Te KpajeBe, KaO WTO cy Ha IlpHMep fparrwa
H KopHTa, Koja HaAa3HMO KO,n; A6Aa6Hja, Kao H BHAa30pa,
MeCTO Koje THT AHBHje CIlOMHH:.e y 4. KH:.H3H V. ,lleKa,ne,
Ka,na KruKe: CTora IlOCAa OH AHTHroHa, je.n;Hor o,n; CBOjHX
IlAeMHha, He 6H AH yrryTHO raAcK)1 BOjCK)1 y BHAa30py, Mec­
TO y 3eMlbH neOHa. CBH cy TH Ha3HBH, HaHMe, CAOBeHCKH;
fpaIlwa y CAoBeHa 3Ha'tlH rpa6elK, KopHTa .n;oAa3H o.n; KO­
PHTO, a BHAa30pa HHje .n;pyro ,n;o 6eAa 30pa. MHXO COAH­
H:.aHHH OTKi\aH:.a IlpH TOMe CBaK)' CyMH:.y Ka,na y CBOM .n;eAy
o I1AHpHK)1 IlHwe: npeM,n;a ,n;peBHH je3HK ,llaAMaUHje H
I1AHpHKa 6ejawe yje.n;HO 3aje,n;HH'tIKH fOTHMa H CAOBeHHMa,
HIlaK HMaxy TeWKoha IlpH CIlopa3YMeBaH:.Y; HO pa3AHKe
H3Mel)y ,llaAMaTHHaua H CAOBeHa He 6ejaxy TaKO BeAHKe
IlOrryT OHHX H3Mel)y CAOBeHa H I1AHpa. O.n; OBHX IlOCAe.n;­
H:.HX IlOTeKowe MHorn My:aceBH KOjH 3aIlOBe.n;axy TYI)HH­
CKHM Hapo.n;HMa H IlOCTawe HajYCIlewHHjH Mel)y uapeBH­
Ma, a KO lKeAH CTehH ,n;eTalbHHja 3HaH:.a 0 TOMe HeKa 'tIHTa
.n;eAa JYAHja KaIlHTOAHjcKor, Tpe6eAHja nOAHOHa, <PAaBHja
BOIlHCKa, CeKCTa AypeAHja BHKTOpa, EBTpoIlHja, naBAa
1)aKoHa, Kao H OHHX KOjH cy HaM H HaKOH THX ayTopa
OCTaBHAH 6Horpaqmje uapeBa, a TO cy BjOH.n;O, nAaTHHa H
<ppaH'tIeCKO neTpapKa, KOjH je Ha HTaAHjaHcKoM CaCTaBHO
KpaTaK IlperAe.n; lKHBOTa IlaIla H uapeBa. Ty cy jow H IlaIla
nHO ,llpyrH, CB. AHTOHHH H neTap 6HCK)1Il EKHAHHO Koje
175 caM, C 063HPOM .n;a ce IlpH CIlOMHH:.aH:.Y uapeBa 6aBe CAO-
BeHHMa BHwe o,n; CBHX ,n;pyrnx, XTeO CBaKaKO HaBeCTH IlO­
UapeBu
Knayauje,
HMeHue. TaKO heMo caCBHM jacHo IlpoHahH.n;a ce Ki\ay.n;Hje
IIp06uKap Ilpe3HMeHoM <PAaBHje, Kao H je.n;aH H:.erOB 6paT KBHHTH­
6ejaxy fuupu. AHje, 3aTHM np06 H Kap, IlpeMa cse,n;O'tleH:.HMa OHe3HMo­
SHM H UepHAHjaHoBHM (KaKo IlHWy <PAaBHje BOIlHCKO y
Ki\ay,n;Hjesoj 6HorpacpHjH), po,n;Hwe y Ilopo.n;HuaMa HAHp...,
CKora IlOpeKi\a, HaKO HeKH Ka2KY ,n;a Ki\ay.n;Hje 6ejawe H3
MHAaHa, ,n;OK ,n;pyrH IlaK TBp,n;e H3 Hap60He. npoHahH
heMo TaKol)e ,n;a OH H H:.eroBH CHHOBH ue3apH KapHH H Hy­
MepHjaH a TaKol)e, KaKO KruKe neTap EKHAHHO y KaTaAOry
Cs. MapueAa, fa6HHHje, ,llHOKi\eUHjaH H CHH My MaKCH­
Uap,iluoKJLe- MHjaH, KaO H YHYK MaKCeHUHje, CHH MaKCHMHjaHoB, 6eja­
lJujaH 6ejaULe xy ,llaAMaTHHUH, IlpeM.n;a CeKCT AypeAHje, KOjH CIlOMHH:.e
,il=:U~:~. np060BO .n;aAMaTHHCKO IlOpeKi\O, KruKe .n;a MaKCHMHjaH 6e­
lJuje, JOB1.J.jaH, we H3 naHoHHje. Ho 6HAO KaKO 6HAO, 6ejawe AH MaKCHMH­
oBaojulJa Ba- jaH H3 naaoHHje HAH H3 ,llaAMaUHje, 3Ha ce 3axsalbyjyhH
AeHmuHujaHa, AIlHjaay H3 AAeKcaa.n;pHje .n;a I1AHp 6ejawe Ilpe.n;aK naHO-
Ba.JteHc, r p a - . M" M .
ujaH u BaAeH- HHJeB, Ila JaTO aKCHMHJaHa 3aJe,n;HO C aKceHUHJeM Ba­
lJ mUH 6ejaxy lba y6pojaTH y CAOBeHe. ,lleUHje AyryCT 3aje.n;H0 ca CHHOM
nopeKJLOM AeUHjeM Ue3apOM, JOBHjaH, ,n;BOjHUa BaAeHTHHHjaaa, Ba­
IIaHoHlJu. AeHC, fpaUHjaH H BaAeHTHH IlOpeKi\OM 6ejaxy H3 naHOHH­
je. Y lKHBOTOIlHCY AAeKcaH.n;pa ABrycTa CeKcTO AypeAHje
254
BHKTOP IlpHIlOBe.n;a .n;a faAepHje H wypaK My MaKCHMHH
Uap
6ejaxy ,n;a'tlKOra po.n;a; EYTPOIlHjeBa CBe.n;O'tleH:.a rOBope TO
Aype.nujaH
HCTO H 3a AypeAHjaHa, OKO 'tIHjer MeCTa pol)eH:.a IloCToje 6ejaULe U3
IlpeIlHpKe (KaKO H3BewTaBa <PAaBHje BOIlHCKO), jep je.n;HH Me::ruje.
TBp.n;e .n;aje pol)eH y CHPMHjYMY, 3eMlbH IlaaoHcKoj, .n;pyrn
UapeBU
IlaK .n;a je H3 Me3Hje; IlpeMa nAaTHHH, H AHUHHHjeBH pO­
raAepuje,
.n;HTelbH 6ejaxy ,lla'tlaHH, a OBH IlOCAe.n;H:.H cy (KaKO CMO aeh MmCCUMUHU
paHHje IlOKa3aAH) He CaMO CAOBeHH, Hero WTaBHwe, KaKO /lulJUHuje 6e­
TBp.n;H CTpa60H, IlOAa2KY IlpaBO Ha 3aje.n;HH'tIKH je3HK C jaxy,ila'l.aHu.
CTaHOBHHWTBOM Me3Hje. JYAHje KaIlHTOAHjCKH IloKa3yje
.aBojulJa
KaKO TaKol)e H .naojHua MaKCHMHHa Bo.n;e IlOpeKi\O H3 Tpa­ MmCCUMUHa
KHje. na 'tIaK HH OHOM Y3BHweHOM H IlAeMeHHTOM KOH­ 6ejaxy mpatt­
CTaHTHay He 6ewe CAOBeHCKH Hapo.n; caCBHM .n;aAeK, 6y­ /c02 nopeKJLa.
,n;yhH .n;a (Kao WTO IlHwy Tpe6eAHje, EBTPOIlHje H nAaTHHa)
OTau H:.eroB KOHCTaHuHje Ue3ap 6ejawe YHYK IlO KhepH
KAaY.llHja ,llaAMaTHHua, O.n;HOCHO CAOBeHa. 113 HCTora Ha­
po.n;a, Ta'tlHHje o.n; Beca KOjH (KaKo he jow 6HTH pe'tleHo)
Uap/laB
6ejaxy Hapo.n; CAOBeHCKH H .n;a,n;owe HMe BocaHUHMa, IlOTe­
(/leoH) 6ejaULe
'tie MB (AeoH), IlpBH Uap Tor HMeHa, Kao WTO IlHwe Ca6e­ Bec.
AHKO y 2. KH:.H3H 8. EHea,ne, r,n;e KruKe KaKO HeKH TBp.n;H .n;a
uap Taj 6ejawe Bec, a He fpK. 30Hapa y 6HorpaqmjH uapa Becu HUCY
rplJu .
MapUHjaHa KruKe IlaK.n;a 6ejawe I1AHP H 30Be ra BeAHKHM
AeOHOM. CAoBeH 6ejawe TaKol)ep H JYCTHHHjaH, IlpBH Uap 3aBu'l.aj lJapa
Tor HMeHa, a H:.erOBO PO.n;HO MeCTO (IlpeMa MYHCTepy, llAa­ JycmuHujaHa.
THHH H BOTepHjy) 6ejawe rpa,n npH3peH y Cp6HjH, HAH
176
IlaK (KaKO TBp.n;H HHhmpop KaAHCT y 37. IlorAaBlbY 16.
KH:.Hre) rpa.n; AxpH.n;a, HeKa.n; 3BaH JycTHHHjaHa, a .n;aHac
OXPH.n;. fpa,n JyCTHHHjaay CIlOMHH:.Y jow H Ilpe Tora Jypaj
THPCKH y 4. IlorAaBlbY 20. KH:.Hre, Te HHhmpop fperopa y
2. KH:.H3H. CTyrrHBWH .n;aKAe Ha UapCKH IlpeCTo, JYCTH­
HHjaH jaKO IlpOWHPH rpaHHue uapCTBa H y3 IlOMOh CBora
BojcKoBol)e BeAH3apa IloTY'tle nepcHjaHue H BaH,n;aAe. Ho
Mel)y CBHM H:.eroBHM Ilo,n;yxBaTHMa 3a Be'tlHO IlOMHH:.aH:.e
6ewe .n;oCTojaH H:.eroB HaAOr ,n;a ce roTOBO ,n;Be XHlba,ne
Uap
CBe3aKa CalKMe y He BHwe o.n; Ile.n;eceT TOMOBa IlO,n; 3a­ JycmuHujaH
je.n;HH'tIKHM Ha3HBOM ,llHreCTa. npHTOM ce HajBHwe IlpH­ nOBeoe
Ki\OHHO (KaKO IlHwe Ca6eAHKO) .n;eAy I1saHa naTpHUHja, sa/CoHC/Cy
pecpopMY U
TPH60HHjaaa H TeocpHAa ,llopoTeja. CaCTaBH 3aTHM Ilpe­
cacmaBU
rAe.n; 3aKOHHKa, Ilo.n;eAHBWH TaKO 06HMHY H OIlWHPHY ,ilu2ecma U
rpal)y y CBera 'tIeTHpH CBeCKe IlO.n; HMeHOM I1HCTHTYUHje. HHcmumYlJuje
JYCTHHHjaHa Ha UaPCKOM IlpeCToAY HacAe.n;H .n;pyrH je.n;aH
CAoseH, a 6ejawe TO H:.erOB HehaK JyCTHH, CHH H:.erOBe
UapJycmuH
cecTPe. Ka,n uapCKa THTYAa 6H IlpeHeTa Ha fepMaHe, Ha 6ejaULe
IlpeCTOlbe CTYIlHwe, Kao WTO ce BH.n;H y IlaIle nHja [II.) H Y CAoBeH.
CBeCUH 0 pa3.n;06lbHMa, KapAO, )KHrMYH.n; H BjeHueCAaB,
IlOpeKi\OM CAOBeHH H3 'tIeWKOr orpaHKa. Ka,na 6HX XTeO
IlpHK)1IlHTH Ha je.n;HOM MeCTY KaKO H:.HXOBa HajcAaBHHja
255
 ..,."
,ll;eAa, TaKO H ,ll;eAa uapeBa CAOBeHCKOr rrOpeKAa rrpe Ha­
Be,ll;eHHX, 6BAO 6H MH 6e3 cyMH>e rroTpe6HO MHOrO CBe3aKa.
Y3MHMO, Ha rrpHMep, caMO AypeAHjaHa, H30CTaBlhajyhH
OCTMe; rrpeMa CBe,ll;O'leH>Y Ca6eAHKOBOM, KOjH ce rraK yrAe­
,ll;a Ha TeO,ll;OAa, AypeAHjaH y jeAHOM je,ll;HHOM ,ll;aHY BAaCTH­
TOM PYKOM o,lJ;y}Ke :>KHBOT 'leTp,ll;eCeTOCMOpHUH rrpOTHB-
HHKa. He He,ll;OcTajy CAOBeHHMa HH rrpeC.I\aBHH HayqHHUH,
Ce. JepoliUM
6ejaw.e
MeOY KojHMa ce HCTH'le ,ll;HKa yqeHora CBeTa CB. JepoHHM,
pooeH y CTPHAOHY, 'lHja rrpOrrOBeAHH'lKa BellITHHa, KaKO
Cltooe1L
Ka:>Ke AyryCTHH rrpeMa JYAHjaHY, rrorryT cyHua 6AHCTa C
HCTOKa Ha 3arraA. YrAe,ll; H>erOB 6ejallle TO.l\HKH ,ll;a ce (KaKo
ce rrpH'la) 'laK HH yqeHa rp'lKa, o.LJ;yBeK yqHTelhHua OCTaT­
Ka CBeTa, HaKOH CBHX CBOjHx 'lyseHHX rrHcaua HHje rrOCTH­
,ll;eAa HayqHTH HelliTO O,ll; jeAHor ,llaAMaTHHua, rrpeBeBllIH
O,ll; MHorHX KOMeHTapa ,ll;pyrHx ayTopa HCKlhyqHBO OHe
JepoHHMoBe. Bejarne y rrpOlliAHM BpeMeHHMa H ,ll;pyrHx O,ll;­
lIana raj U AH'iHHX ,ll;aAMaTHHCKHX MY:>KeBa, Kao llITO TO 6ejaxy rrarra
JieaHIV. raj H rrarra l1BaH IV., O,ll; KOjHX rrpBH (KaKO rrHllly fL.\aTHHa,
6ejaxy I1eTpapKa H <PHAHrr H3 BepraMa), rrpH,ll;O,ll;aBllIH UPKBH Bo­
j(l1.JLlIUlmuHYu.
:>KHjoj YKpac MHorHX MOHallIKHX H CBernTeHH'lKHX pe,ll;OBa,
sa BpeMe BAa,ll;aBHHe CBor pooaKa ,llHOKAeIJ,HjaHa 6H OBeH­
'laH MyqeHHrnTBOM. ,llpyrH, pooeH O,ll; oua BeHaHUHja CKO-
177.1\aCTHKa (KaKO rrHllle MapTHH, 6HCK)'II KoceHue), 'lOBeK
H3Y3eTHe rr060}KHOCTH, B.I\aCTHTHM HOBueM OTKYrrHBllIH
MHoro po60Ba H CTeKaBllIH TOM CBOjOM BeAHKO.LJ;yllIHOllihy
MeCTO y KpalheBCTBY He6eCKOM, y MHpy CKAOrrH O'lH Ha
Be'lHH rrO'lHHaK. KaKaB TO KpacaH rrpH30p 6ejallIe He6ec­
KHM CBeIJ,HMa KaA raj OA.l\O:>KH CMpTHY CBOjy IIAallITaHHUY
H MY:>KeBH ra H :>KeHe, pooaUH H>erOBH y C.I\aBH OBeH'laHH
rr06e,ll;HH'lKHM rraAMHHHM rpaHaMa, rrpHMHllle y C.I\aBO,ll;O­
6HTHOj paCKOlliH Pa.LJ;yjyhH ce llITO Taj rrarra H pOOaK H>H­
XOB, HeKaAa yqHTelh H>HXOB Ha 3eMlhH, KPalhyje 3aje,ll;HO C
H>HMa Ha He6y? Uap ,llHOKAeUHjaH, HaHMe, ,ll;aAe rrory6HTH
rajeBor 6paTa ra6HHHja 360r H>eroBor HCrrOBe,ll;aa.a XPHllI­
haHCKe Bepe. Bejaille ra6HHHje (KaKO Ka:>Ke I1eTap EXH­
AHHO) 'lOBeK yqeH H BernT rrpOrrOBeAHHK, a 3ajeAHO C H>HMe
6H rrory6lheHa H KhH My CY3aHa ,lleBHua, ,ll;eBojKa H3BaH­
Cy3aHa
j(eeuya. pe,ll;He AerrOTe O,ll; oua yrryheHor y TajHe CBeTora rrHcMa,
KOjy, rrpeMa CBe,ll;O'leH>Y HCTor Tora I1eTpa, ,llHOKAeUHjaHoB
CHH MaKcHMHjaH XTe,ll;e 3a :>KeHY. 3aje,ll;HO C H>HMa uap
K.lI.ayaujeea
.IKelia lIpe­ ,ll;aAe rrory6HTH H rajeBY H ra6HHHjeBY 6pahy MaKCHMa H
neaulUa KAaY,ll;Hja, Kao H KAaY,ll;HjeBY :>KeHY I1perre,ll;HH>Y, Kao H H>H­
oeeH«aHll My~ XOBY ,ll;euy AAeKCaH,ll;pa H KyKHja. I1pe H>HX MyqeHH'iKY
«eliuw.meoM. 6 . h
rraAMY eJarne rrpHMHAa O,ll;aRa XPHlll aHKa H KhH uapa
,lleUHja 1'mpHAa, Koja (H3BelliTaBa <PHAHrr H3 BepraMa y 8.
j(uo'ICJ/.€yuja­
MBa Idtu KH>H3H) 3aBpllIH rro,ll; HO:>KeM 360r lhy6aBH cBoje rrpeMa
Apme.Muja. XpHCTy. HaKoH H>e ,llHOKAeUHjaHoBa KhH ApTeMHja CKOH'la
:>KHBOT rro HMOry 6paTa CBora MaKcHMHjaHa, H OHa 360r
256
HCrrOBe,ll;aH>a xpHllIhaHCKe Bepe, KaO H ,llHOKAeUHjaHoBa
:>KeHa CepeHa, KaO H MapHH H Aeo 3,ll;pY:>KeHH y BO:>KHjOj
lhy6aBH H rrpeMHHYAH rrpHpO,ll;HOM cMphy. MapHH H Aeo
6ejaxy 6paha PO,ll;OM H3 ,ll;aAMaTHHCKOra rpaAa Pa6a. I1pe­
llIaBrnH y l1TaAHjy AeTa rOcrrO,ll;H>era 254, ,ll;aAOllle HMe rpa­
,ll;OBHMa CaR Aeo H CaH MapHHo H3HaA PHMHHHja, KOjH cy
,ll;O ,ll;aHa ,ll;aRallIH>era 3aAp:>KaAH HCTO HMe. 11 MHorH ,ll;pyrH
H3 pa3HHx KpajeBa ,llaAMaUHje rrorHHYllle O,ll; PYKe HerrpH­
jaTelha Bepe, a rroHajBHllIe O,ll; PHMlhaHa, KOjH y TO BpeMe
6ejaxy HeMHAocp,ll;HH rrpOTHBHHUH HMeHa xpHllIhaHCKOr.
YrrpaBO PHMlbaHH, O,ll;HeBllIH Ha Kpajy rro6e.LJ;y HaA l1AHPH­
KOM HaKOH MHorHX H yqeCTaAHX paToBa Koje TaMO BO,ll;HllIe
CTOTHHaMa rO,ll;HHa, rrO,ll;eAHllle TY 3eMlhY (KaKO rrHllle Jo­
xaH ABeHTHHYc y,ll;pyroj KH>H3H) Ha ,ll;eCeT rroKpajHHa. I1p­
Ba 6ejallle I1pHo6MHH HOpHK Ha )lyHaBY, Ha rro,ll;pyqjy
,ll;aHallIH>e AYCTpHje, a BOjHHUH H3 TaMOrnH>HX CTpa:>Ka Ha
,llyHaBY ,ll;06HllIe HMe pHBapH, O,ll;HOCHO 06aAH>aUH. ,llpyra
rroKpajHHa 6ejallle rrpBH KorrHeHH HAH rOpH>H HOpHK, Ha­
CTaH>eH BaBapUHMa C ,ll;pyre CTpaHe peKe EMC H THPOAIJ,H-
Ma. ,llpyrH O,ll;HOCHO ,llOH>H HOpHK, ,ll;aHaC HaCTaH>eH IIlTa­
jepUHMa H KpaH>UHMa, 6ejallle Tpeha pHMCKa rroKpajHHa y
l1AHPHKY, a 'leTBpTa 6Hjallle BMepHja, Koja y rrpOlliAOCTH
rrpHrraAallle I1aHoHHjH, a CMelliTeHa je H3MeOY peKe ,llpaBe 178
H )lyHaBa Ha 3arra.LJ;y H ,ll;aHaC je ,ll;eo AycrpHje H YrapCKe.
I1eTa 6ejallle I1aHoHHja H3MeOY peKa ,llpaBe, CaBe H )ly­
HaBa, r,ll;e ce ,ll;aHaC rrpoCTHpy YrapCKa H 3eMlbe KpaH>aua H
r,ll;e 6ejallle CHPMHjYM KO,ll; Kojer peKa BocyT yrH'le y CaBY,
a Ty je H IIAaHHHa AAMa. OCHM I1aHoHHje, Ty je H rro­
KpajHHa 3BaHa Me3Hja, Koja rrO'lHH>e KO,ll; HaBe,ll;eHOr Yillha
H rrpOTe:>Ke ce 3aTHM CBe ,ll;O I1OHTa. PHMlbaHH rrO,ll;eAHllle
Me3Hjy Ha ,ll;Ba ,ll;eAa, Ha ropH>y H ,ll;OH>y. OBY rrpBy Ha­
CTaH>aBaxy TPH6aAH, ,ll;aHaC Cp6H H ByrapH, a ,ll;pyry ,ll;OH>H
CKHTH, KOjH cy 3arrpaBO BAaCH H ByrapH. Meoy H>HMa 6e­
jallIe H rrpHo6MHa ,llaKHja, OCMa rrOKpajHHa, KOjy PHM­
lhaHH yreMelbHllIe C OBe CTpaHe ,llyHaBa HaKOH ry6HTKa
rrOAYHaBCKe ,llaKHje. ,lleBeTa rroKpajHHa 6ejallle AH6ypHHja
BAH l1AHPHK Y Y:>KeM CMHCAY pe'lH, a TO je Hacelbe Ja,ll;pa
HAH 3aAap; ,ll;aHaC je 30BY CAaBoHHjoM. ,lleceTa H rrOCAe,ll;H>a
rroKpajHHa y l1AHpHKY 6ejallIe ,llaAMal..l;Hja. HajBa:>KHHjH
TaMOllIH>H rpaAOBH 6ejaxy CMOHa, ,ll;aHaC COAHH, H ErrH­
,ll;ayp, ,ll;aHaC )ly6pOBHHK. HaBe,ll;eHHM rroKpajHHaMa PHM­
lbaHH KacHHje rrpH,ll;O,ll;allIe ,ll;pyrHX rreT, TO jeCT ,llap,ll;aHHjy,
XeMHMOHT, Axajy, MaKe,ll;OHHjy H TecMHjy, OKYrrHBllIH HX
CBe rro,ll; 3ajeAHH'lKHM HMeHOM fuHpHK. C.I\aAH cy y
rroKpajHHe PHMCKY yrrpaBy H cAY:>K6eHHKe; TaKO y fuHPHKY
(KaO llITO rrpOH3Aa3H H3 ,ll;eAa AHToHHja CKOHKoBHja) PHM­
lbaHH cy rrOCTaBlbaAH rrpeTopCKor HaMeCHHKa KOjH 3arrOBe­
,ll;arne BOjHHM rrOCaAaMa. BHAa cy TpH BojHa 3arrOBeAHHKa,
257
 1

je,l{aH y ,l{OIbOj Me3HjH, ,l{pym y )],aKHjH, a TpenH y roPIbOj Ha'leAHHK 3a KOBHHe

Me3HjH. KOH3YAa 6ejaxy ,l{Ba, je,l{aH y ,l{OIbOj Me3HjH, a
CJl.y.JK6e y 08.ll.awneH:>Y HaeeiJeHoz HQ1ieJI.HUKQ 3a mpzoeuHy
,l{pyrH y YHyTpaIllIboCTH )],aKHje, ,l{OK YIIpaBHTeIba 6ejarne
y HJl.upwcy.
ocaM. )],Be ,l{HjeD:e3e, MaKe,l{OHCKa H ,l{a'lKa, IIOTIIa,/:{axy IIO,l{
OBAaIllneIba IIpeTopCKor HaMeCHHKa y I1AHPHKY. )],aAMa­ CTapeIllHHa D:eAe CAy:ac6e
THHCKOj KOIbHD:H IIpHIIa,l{axy IIeTO, OCMO H ,l{eBeTO MeCTO y CTapeIllHHa IIopeCKe 6AarajHe
PHMCKOj BOjCD:H. CAHje,l{H IIOIIHC je,l{HHHD:a H CAy:ac6H Y CTapIllHHa 6eAe2KHHKa
Pu.Mc1Ce
OBAllineIbY pHMCKora HaMeCHHKa y I1AHPHKY. CTapeIllHHa paqyHoBO,l{CTBeHe 6AarajHe
c.ny:JK.6e u
nOJlOJ/Caju y CTapeIllHHa 3AaTHHX 3aAHXa
Je,l{Ha IIaAaTHHCKa AerHja
HJtUpU1Cy. CTapeIllHHa 6AarajHe 3a jaM'leBHHe y 3Aary
BeTepaHH BepTOHH CTapjeIllHHa pH3HHD:e IIOCBeneHHX O,l{opa
llieCT IIaAaTHHCKHX IIOMonHHX je,l{HHHD:a
CTapeIllHHa cpe6pHHX 3aAHXa
MAa,/:{H KOIIIbaHHD:H CTapeIllHHa 6AarajHe cpe6pHHX MOHeTa
BHpaHH CTpeAD:H CTapeIllHHa pH3HHD:e HaKHTa
HeII06e,l{HBH JYIIHTepOBD:H CTapeIllHHa 3a HOB'laHe IIOCAOBe H ,l{pyrH 6AarajHHD:H
HeCAOMlhHBH BAarajHHD:H HaBe,l{eHHx 6AarajHH
OCa.M. OKPY.JKHUX Jl.ezuja [lO,l{CTapeIllHHa cAY2K6e, yje,l{HO CTapellIHHa IIpHMaOD:a 179
)],pyrH IIO,l{CTapeIllHHa cAy:ac6e, 3MY2KeH 3a OIIpeMY BojcKe
MapCOBH KOHCTaHTH TpeOH IIO,l{CTapeIllHHa, 3MY2KeH 3a cAy:ac6eHe CIIHce
MapCOBH paTHHD:H )],pyrH ,l{BOpaHH, O,l{HOCHO ,l{BOPCKH 'lHHOBHHD:H
LlHjaHHHH paTHHD:H
BeTepaHH H3 repMaHHKOBHX je,l{HHHD:a Y oeJl.acmu V. VlaeHOZ ynpaeumeJba ,4QJLMalJuje HQJl.Q3e ce
Llpyrope,l{IbaD:H c.n.y.JK6e:
ABryCTOBCKH KOIIIbaHHD:H
J e,l{aH HaMeCHHK
MHHepBHHH paTHHD:H
Je,l{aH Tpy6a'l IIOKAHCap
MAa,/:{H KOIbH'lKH KOIIIbaHHD:H
)],Ba rAaCHHKa
HaOpy:>KaHH IIpeMa 06H'lajHMa oKpyra
J e,l{aH ceKpeTap
MAMH H3BPCHH TeO,l{OcHjaHU.H
J e,l{aH pa3BO,l{HHK
Byprapau.eCH
J e,l{aH 3aCTYIIHHK
CKOMIIeCH
J e,l{aH 3aMeHHK pa3BO,l{HHKa
YAIIHjaHOBD:H [lpHMaOD:H
MeTeCH OCTaAH IIpHIIa,/:{ajy KoxopTaMa H HHje HM ,l{orryIllTeHo
Llpym TeO,l{OcHjaHD:H IIpenH y ,l{pyry je,l{HHHO:Y 6e3 ,l{OIIHCa KOjH rAaCH: MUJI.Own.y
MAMH TeO,l{OcHjaHcKH CTpeAD:H
Ha.M.eCHUKoeOM.
CKaIIeCH
,4Y.JKHOCmU ocmQJI.ux ynpaeumeJba c.n.Ut.l.He cy OHUMa KOiJ
Bepyje ce iJa cy HaeeiJeHu 3anoeeiJHUlJU eojHu oCPUlJUpU noiJ
ynpaeumeJba ,4QJLMalJuje.
t.l.UjUM ce 3anoeeiJHuwmeoM HQJl.Q3e oeiJe npu6eJ1.eJK:eHe
jeiJuHUlJe. 3anoeeiJHuK iJeopcKe cmpa.JKe y ceojoj 08.ll.acmu UMa oee

iJujelJe3e

J e,l{aH HaMeCHHK
LlBa HYMepapa HAH pa'lYHOBotJe IIITaAHja

Je,l{aH ceKpeTap IIIAHpHK

rAaBHH 6AarajHHD:H, yje,l{HO pa'lYHOBotJe A<PPHKa

BAaraj HHD:H CJ1.!j.JK6a npeiJeoiJHuKa ceux c.n.y.JK6u

[lpHMaOD:H H ,l{pyrH H3 TeAeCHe rap,l{e
Ha'leAHHK 3a IIope3e y IIIAHpHKY Pa3BO,l{HHK

Ha'leAHHK 3a TproBHHy y IIIAHpHKY 3aMeHHK pa3BO,l{HHKa

rAaBHH pH3HH'lap 3aMeHHD:H pa3BO,l{HHKa y pa,l{HOHHD:aMa

258 259
 r
Cll)')K6eHHK 3a jaBHe rrOIllTe
CAYJK6eHHK 3a CBe rroKpajHHe
TyMaqH CBmc HapOL1.HOCTH
Pa,u.HOHHue Y I1AHPHKY
PaL1.HOHHue Y CHPMHjYMY
IlPOH3BOL1.1ba IllTHTOBa
PaL1.HOHHue CKOPL1.HCKa
1800PYJKapHHue
KOBaqHHue Y AUHMHHKy-My
KOBaqHHua Y KOPYTY
0pYJKapHHua Y CaAOHH
Y OMQWnel'bUMQ npeCeeTrlJL02 liaMeCIiWCQ 3Q ceeme nOpe3e.
HaMeCHHK 3a rrope3e Y I1AHPHKY
KInHroBooe 3a L1.Pyry IlaHoHHjy, .llaAMaIJ.Hjy H IlOCaBHHY
KInHroBooe 3a CBeYKYrrHOCT rrpBe IlaHoHHje, BaAepHje,
KorrHeHor H rrpHo6aAHor HOpHKa
OKPY)KHH HaMeCHHK COAHlhaHa y.llaAMauHjH
OKPY)KHH HaMeCHHK CHIllqaHa Y IlOCaBHHH
IlOBepeHHK 3a HOBqaHe rrOCAOBe Y CHCKY
IlOBepeHHll.H 3a YTBpoeEba
IlOBepeHHK 3a TBpoaBY Y BacHjaHH
IlOBepeHHll.H 3a L1.Pyry IlaHoHHjy, rrpeMeIllTeHH Y CaAOHY
IlOBepeHHll.H 3a Y CHPMHjYMY Y L1.Pyroj IlaHOHHjH
IlOBepeHHUH 3a TBPOasy JymITepOBaua y CIIAHTy Y
.llaAMaUHjH
IlOBepeHHK 3a COAHlhaHCKH BacPo y .llaAMaUHjH
To cy, L1.aKAe, cAY)K6e H rrOAO)KajH pHMcKe BAaCTH y
J1AHPHKY H .llaAMaUHjH. Y TOj 6HBIllOj PHMCKOj rroKpajHHH
HaAa3H ce y L1.aHaIllEbe BpeMe rpa,u. .lly6pOBHHK, HMeHa H
je3HKa CAoBeHcKora, Kao jeL1.HHH cAo6oL1.aH, a rrpH TOMe l:i.
Hajrro3HaTHjH rpa,u. He caMO .llaAMauHje, Hero H ueAe I1AH­
pHje. CAaBY .u.yryje He caMO CTapOL1.peBHOCTH CBOjOj Beh H
L1.eAHMa CBOjmc rpaoaHa H3 rrpOIllAHX BpeMeHa. XTeo CaM
CTora Ha Kpajy H3AO)KlfTH YKpaTKO rro HeIllTO 0 rrOCTaHKY
rpa,u.a H 0 Haj3HaMeHHTHjHM L1.0ra}jajHMa H3 EberoBe HCTO­
IIocmaliaK: pHje. IlOqeTKe My B81ba TPaJKHTH (rrpeMa MHIlllbeEbY CBmc
Jl,y6poeliUlCa. rrHcaua KOjH cy HKa,u.a rrHCaAH 0 lheroBoM rrOCTaHKY) y py-
IlleBHHaMa ErrHL1.aypa, 6HBIller pHMCKor Hacelba (KaKO rrH­
Ille IlAHHHje). ErrHL1.ayp 6ejaIlle PHMCKO Hacelbe rroL1. Ha3H­
BOM MapHa. Y TO ce L1.o6a (rrpeMa H3BeIllTajy rHA6epTa
AaHc6eprHja y 2. KEbH3H 0 PHMCKHM HacelbHMlb) 3BaIlle
MapHa H 6ejaIlle (KaJKe 0pTeA y reorpacPcKoj CHHOHH-MH­
CeL1.HIllTe L1.eBeTe AerHje. rpa,u. Taj 6ejaIlle IIAeMeHHT H
L1.peBaH, C 063HpOM Ha TO L1.a MY TeMelbH rroTHeqy (KaKO y
CBOjOj reorpacPHjH rrpHrrOBeL1.ajy Kopa,u.o MYKOHHO H .lla­
BHL1. XOTOMaH) H3 BpeMeHa pOOelha BeAHKor MojcHja, BOOe
260
xe6pejcKor HapOL1.a, a 6eIlle TO (KaJKe MapHaHYC CKOTyC y
1. KlhH3H CBor AeTorrHca) roL1.HHe 2606. OL1. rrOCTaHKa CBe­ Ko U ICaoa
Ta. OL1.P)Ka ce 3aTHM CBe L1.0 BpeMeHa uapa BaAepHjaHa, Yliuw.mu
Enuoayp.
OL1.HOCHO roL1.HHe 265, Ka,u.a rOTH xapajyhH TpaKHjoM H
I1AHPHKOM BeAHKHM L1.eAOM pa30pHIlle ErrHL1.ayp. HeKOAH­
UHHa lheroBHx rpaoaHa, OKpeTHHjmc OL1. L1.pyrmc, )KeAehH
y6y.u.yhe H36ehH TOMe CAHqHa BapBapCKa MaxHHTaEba (Ka­
KO rrpHrrOBeL1.a Mmco COAHEbaHHH y L1.eAY 0 .llaAMaUHjH) ,
H3rpa,u.HIIle MaAH KailiTeA Ha BHCOKOj H CTpMOj XPHL1.H Ha
MOPY, OL1.BojeHoj OL1. KorrHa H Beh rro rrpHpOL1.H CHIYPHOj OL1.
CBaKor Harra,u.a, 6HAO C KorrHa HAlf Mopa. KaIllTeA 6H 3aTHM
181
rrpOIlIHpeH roL1.HHe 283. Ka,u.a CapManr, y BpeMe uapa
Ilpo6a, xapajyhH HAHPHKOM rOTOBO orrycToIllHIlle ErrHL1.a­
yp. rpaL1. 6H 3aTHM caCBHM HarryIllTeH (rrpeMa CBeL1.0qeEbY
MHxa COAHlbaHHHa) Ka,u. ce y TOM Kpajy rrojaBH BeAHKH
3Maj 3BaHH (KaRO rrHIlie CB. JepOHHM y )KHTHjy CB. XHAa­
pHja orraTa) 6oac. IlpO)KLJ.HpaIlle OH, HaHMe, roBeL1.a, y6H­
jailie rraCTHpe H TpOBaIlle 3paK KYJKHHM CBOjHM L1.axOM, a
CTaH My 6eIlIe jeL1.Ha .u.y60Ka rrehHHa, KOjy je L1.aHaC Moryhe
BHL1.eTH ycpeL1. ErrHL1.aypa. KOHaqHO 3Maja crraAH CB. XHAa­ 3Maj Boac U3
pHje, OKO AeTa rOcrroLJ.Ebera 360. rOBopehH 0 rrocTaHKY Enuoaypa
.lly6poBHHKa, <PHAHrr H3 BepraMa y 9. KEbH3H caCBH jacHo
KaJKe L1.a My TeMelbe rrOCTaBHIlie rpaoaHH ErrHL1.aypa HaKOH
IlITO rOTH 453. rOL1.HHe 6ejaxy yHHiliTHAH EbmcOB rpa,u., a
roTOBO ce y rroTrryHoCTH rroKAarrajy C THMe TBpLJ.Ebe KOH­
CTaHTHHa IloPcPHpOreHeTa KOjH y L1.eAY ca HaCAOBOM Case­
3H, rrpasa H L1.PYIIITBa PHMcKor UapCTBa roBOPH 0 nOCTaH­
KY .lly6poBHHKa cAeL1.ehHM peqHMa: rpa,u. .lly6POBHHK, OL1.­ IIopervLO
HOCHO Pary3a (KaJKe OH), L1.06H TO HMe rro rpqKoj peqH AaC U.MeHa PazY3a.
(AOS) , IlITO 3HaqH KaMeH, Te lherOBH CTaHOBHHUH Hajnpe
6exy np03BaHH AayceH, IllTO 3aTHM npOMeHOM CAOBa nOCTa Hajnpe ce
3ecuza Aayca.
PayceH H ParyceH. Bejaxy OHH rrpe TOra CTaHOBHHUH rpa,u.a
EmIL1.aypa, KOjH 3ajeL1.HO C OCTaTKOM .llaAMaIJ.Hje 3aY3eIlIe
CAOBeHH, rroy6HjaBIllH jeL1.aH L1.eo rpaoaHa H OMeBIllH
L1.pyrH L1.eo y 3apo6lbeHHIllTBO. OHH KOjH 6ejaxy no6erAH H3
rpa,u.CKHx pYIlleBHHa nOBYKaBiliH ce y o6A1f)KEba MeCTa,
carpa,u.HIlIe rrOTOM MeCTaHue Koje KacHHje 6H npOIlIHpeHO
H orraCaHO 3HL1.HHaMa 06HMa OL1. rrOAa MHlbe. IlpBH EberoBH
3aqeTHHUH 6ejaxy rpryp, ApcaUHje, apXHoaKOH BaAeHTHH
IIpeu yme­
H <PaseHTHH, CBeIllTeHHK H3 upKBe CBeTor CTecPaHa. Ilpo­ Me.JbUme.JbU
IlIAO je neTCTO roL1.HHa OTKaKO HarryCTHBIllH CaAOHY H3rpa­ Jl,y6poeliuKa,
L1.HIlIe rroMeHYTH rpaL1., y KojeM ce HaAa3H CB. IlaHKpaUHje npe.Ma
CMeIllTeH y CrrOMeHYToj UpKBH CB. CTecPaHa y CpeL1.HIlITy mepolbaMa
KaliCmali­
rpaL1.a. HeL1.0CTaTaK H jaAOBOCT 3eMlbe rrpHcHlbaBajy .lly­ ffiUlia IIap­
6pOBqaHe L1.a ce TproBHHH H nOMopCTBY nOCBeTe peBHOc­ cjJupaZ€liema.
HHje HO 06paOHBaEby nOlba H yonIllTe 3eMlbOpaLJ.EbH. TOAHKo
KaJKe KOHCTaHTHH 0 .lly6POBHHKY. To cBoje L1.eAO (npeMa
nHCaEbY ApnoHTaxa H3 BopL1.oa y PacnpaBH 0 npOMeHaMa
261
 '11"'.'."
)],piKaBa) HanHCa OH 959, na 6H H3rpa)],l:Dy )ly6pOBHHK:a
BaJhaAO CMeCTHTH (npeMa l:DerOBHM TBp)],l:DaMa) y rO)],HHY
459. Ho KOHcTaHTHH ce Ty Bapa, OCHM aKO no)], CAoBe­
HHMa He no)]'pa3YMHjeBa fOTe, Ka,n:a TBp)l,H )],a pYIIIHTelbH
EnH)]'aypa 6ejaxy CAOBeHH. OBH nOCAe)],l:DH, HaHMe (npeMa
CBe)],O'lel:DHMa TIpoKonHjeBHM, Ca6eAHKOBHM, Kao H MHO­
rIiX )],pyrHx nHcana), npBH rryT npo)]'peme y .llaAMaII,Hjy 3a
BpeMe BAa,n:aBHHe lI,apeBa MaBpHKHja H ¢loKe, 0)], KOjIiX
npBH BAa)],ame ro)],HHe 583, a )]'pyrn 604, HeMoryne je,
)],aKAe, )],a CAoBeHH 6ejaxy TH KOjH pa30pHme EnH)],ayp,
182 Ben TO BaJha npHnHcaTH fOTHMa KOjH MHoro npe )],OAaCKa
CB, XHAapHja y .llaAMaII,Hjy H l:DerOBa oKpmaja C enH)],a­
ypCKHM 3MajeM 6ejaxy YHHmTHAH rpa,n: H3 'lHjHX pymeBHHa
rpa.ljaHH (Kao mTO TBP)],H Ca6eAHKO, CAaiKYnH ce y TOMe C
roTOBO CBRM )],pyrHM ayTOpHMa) nO)l,Hrome TeMelbe HOBora
rpa,n:a )ly6poBHHKa. He 6eme TO rO)],HHe 453, KaKO Bepyjy
HaBe)],eHH aYTOpH, Ben 267, Kao mTO y paCnpaBH o.llaAMa­
II,HjH nHme MHXO COAHl:DaHHH, ayTOp 3HaTHO CTapHjH 0)],
cnOMeHyTIiX, To THM BepoBaTHHje mTO rO)],HHe 360, Ka­
)],a 3Maj xapame enH)],aypcKHM no)]'pyqjeM, He 6ejame TaMO
HHTH Morame 6HTH Hacelba, C 063HPOM Ha TO )],a ce KalKe
)],a 3Maj )],axOM CBOjHM TpOBame Ba3)l.yX, a CB. JepOHHM
nHme)],a y6Hjame TaMOml:De naCTHpe, a He rpa.ljaHe. JaCHO
ce H3 Tora BH)l.H )],a y TO BpeMe EnH)],ayp 6ejame nOTrryHo
rryCT H )],a ce l:DerOBH CTaHOBHHlI,H Ben 6ejaxy npeCeAHAH y
HOBoHsrpa.ljeHH )ly6pOBHHK. illTO ce naK nOCTaHKa Tor no­
3a6YHa nona
,[!yl\.lbaHUHa y CAe)],l:Der TH'le, non )lyKlbaHHH je y BeAHKoj 3a6AY)],H Ka,n:a
nOvteay TBP)],H )],a TIaBAHMHp BeAO, no CBOM )],OAacKY H3 PliMa,
nocmaHlca 6eme npBH KOjH My nOCTaBH TeMelbe. TIpeM)]'a je HeMoryne
'[!y6poeHUlca, Ta'lHO YTBp)],HTH BpeMe TIaBAHMHpOBa )],OAaCKa y Taj )],eo
llaAMalI,Hje, 3Ha ce HnaK )],a TO 6eme HaKOH 900. ro)],HHe,
)],aKAe Ka,n:a )ly6pOBHHK (Kao mTO neMO HemTO nOCAe penHr
6ejame Ben Harrpe)],aH rpa,n:, Moryne je, )],aKaKo, )]'a ra OH
6ejame )],eAHMH'lHO Ha,n:orpa,n:Ho HAH naK nO)],Hrao HeKO
,[!y6poettaHU HOBO yTBp.ljel:De. .lloKa3 0 HanpeTK)' rpa,n:a je H TO mTO
6ejaxy y lly6POB'laHH (KaKO nHme MHXO COAHl:DaHHH) CTyrrHme y
caee3Y cHe- caBes C HepeTBlbaHHMa ro)],HHe 880, Ka,n:a OBH 6ejaxy y
pe~aHLUHa
paTy C MAe'laHHMa, CTora, KaKO ce He 6H HeKOMe yqHHHAO
)],a cy CBe TO rrycTe npH'le H )],a )ly6pOB'laHH y TO )],06a
6ejaxy 3anpaBO Hen03HaTH, noqyjMo mTO 0 l:DHMa nHme
rp'lKH ayTOp feopmj Ke)]'peH y HCTOPHjCKOM nperAe)l,Y, r)],e
OBaKO roBOPH: Ka,n: lI,ap MIiXajAo HarryCTH H Taj )],eo, Kao H
CBe OCTaAO, rOTOBO lI,eAa HTaAHja H MHora MeCTa Ha
CHlI,HAHjH, HeKa,n: y BAaCTH PliMcKor UapCTBa, na,n:ome y
pyKe BapBapHMa H3 KaPTarHHe ys 06Be3Y ITAanal:Da )],aHKa.
OCHM TOra, CKHTH HaCTal:DeHH y TIaHoHHjH, .llaAMalI,HjH H
)],pyrHM seMlbaMa y YHYTpaml:DOCTH, O)],HOCHO XpBaTH,
Cp6H, 3axyMlbaHH, Tpe6Hl:DlI,H, KOHaBlbaHH, .llOKAeaTH H
262
)ly6pOB'laHH, CBprHYBmH japaM PliMcKor UapCTBa KojeM y BymQMY,
npOIIIAOCTH 6ejaxy nO)],'lHl:DeHH, CTeKome CA060)l,Y, TOM iJa HaUl1-by
npHAHKOM ArapeHH H3 KaPTarHHe, nOCTaBHBmH Ha 3ano­ Byaey,
U3ZpaaUUle,
Be)l,HH'lKe nOAoiKaje C01\.ll:aHa, Ca6y H KaAcpyca, HajHc­
Tr\l',",<':rT;r,."" cBoje nOMOplI,e, HacpHYllie C TpH)],eceT H meCT Aa­
.lja Ha MeCTa y noce)l,Y PHMcKor UapCTBa, Te saY3eme MHO­
re )],aAMaTHHCKe rpa,n:oBe, Me.ljy KojHMa 6ejaxy BYTaMa, EzunliaHU.
CapalJeHU
Poca H )],Ol:DH KOTOp. By)l,YnH )],a HX cpena H ycnex 3ay3My
TaKO )],06po nocAYiKHAH y TOM nO)l.yXBaTy, )],a,n:ome ce Ta­ Komop.
KObe H Ha oCBajal:De )ly6poBHHKa, HajBalKHHjera rpa,n:a y '[!y6poeHUlc,
TOM Kpajy, Te ra )l,Yro )],piKaxy no)], onca,n:OM, )],OK HM ce HajeCVKHuju
zpaa y Kpajy
rpa.ljaHH xpa6po O)l,YnHpaxy. Ka)], )ly6pOB'laHH YBH)],eme)],a noacapa­
HM npeTH KOHa'lHa norH6Hja, HarHaHH HYiK)],OM nOCAame lJeHCKQM
cBoje H3aCAaHHKe lI,apy MHxajAY TpalKenH nOMon 0)], l:Dera, oncaOQM,
KaKO Hapo)], xpHmnaHCKH He 6H nOTnao no)], BAaCT HenpH­ Ty oncaay
,[!y6pooHuKa
jaTelba xpHmnaHCKor HMeHa, Ho npe HO mTO HsaCAaHHlI,H nOMU1-be U
CTHrome MHxaeAY, lI,ap HanYCTH oBaj CBeT, a HaCAe)],H ra 30Hapay3.
BaCHAHje MaKe)],OHalI" KOjH lby6a3Ho npHMH H C BeAHKOM mQMy.
n030pHomny cacAyma )l,Y6pOBa'lKe HsaCAaHHKe. fbHXOBe ,[!y6poeattllli
U3acn.aHUlJU
ra pe'lH TaKO raHyme H nO)],CTaKome Ha CaMHAOCT )],a OK)'­ uay y
nH CPAOTY 0)], CTOTHHY Aa.lja H npe)],a,n:e no)], 3anOBe)],HHmTBO KOHcmaHmaH­
HHKeTe npe3HMeHOM OpHcpac, ITAeMHna H nOMopCKor a,n:­ muHonOJb.
MHpaAa H MYiKa HSBaHpe)],He pas60pHTOCTH, Te ra nOCAa y
JIJl.eMun
noxo)], npOTHB BapBapa. .llOK OBH HCTpajaxy y onca)],H )ly­ HUKema
6pOBHHKa, )],OSHame 0)], HeKOAHlI,HHe 6eryHalI,a sa )l,Y6po­ npucmU2He
Ba'lKO H3aCAaHCTBO KO)], lI,apa, Te HarpHiKeHH CYMl:DOM )],a ynoMon
,[!y6poeHuKy.
lI,ap Hene MonH 0)],6HTH nOMon rp8.ll.Y H ry6enH H8)l.Y )],a 6H
ra y TaKO KpaTKOM BpeMeHY MorAH 3aY3eTH, npeKHHYme
onca)l,Y. TIpeITAOBHBmH Mope CTHrome y oHaj )],eo HTaAHje Capal,JeHU
KOjH ce )],aHac 30Be i\oM6ap)],Hja, saY3eme rpa)]' H sa- oceoje
YCTaBHme ce Y TOM Kpajy. Harra,n:ajynH sa )],pyrHM lloM6apaujy.
OKOAHa MeCTa, 3arocno)]'apHme lI,eAOM i\oM6ap)]'HjoM, say­
seBmH Ha Kpajy 'lHTaB oHaj )],eo KOjH ce npOTeiKe CBe )],0
PliMa, Ho XpBaTH, Cp6H H )],pyrH CKHTCKH HapO)l,H Koje Xpeamuu
CMO MaAO npe HaBeAH, BH)],eBmH pasBoj )]'ora.ljaja y .llaA­ Cp6u, a01-bU
CKUmu.
MalI,HjH H YTHlI,aj nOMonH nOCAaTe 0)], CTpaHe lI,apa BaCH­
AHja, npeKO CBOjHX H3aCAaHHKa SaTpaiKHme 0)], lI,apa )],a HX
npHMH HaTpar no)], samTHTY l:DeroBa lI,apCTBa, OlI,eHHBmH
)],a je l:DHXOBa MOA6a onpaB)],aHa H nomTeHa, BascAHje BpAO
pa,n:o YCAHmH l:DHXOBa TpalKel:Da, a Ha TaMOml:DY ynpaBHY
BAaCT nOCTaBH lby)],e l:DHXOBe HapO)],HOCTH, 3a TO BpeMe
HCTH OHH ArapeHH KOjH 6ejaxy )],piKaAH no)], onca,n:OM rpa)],
)ly6pOBHHK, xapaxy HTaAHjOM HaHocenH HeH3MepHe mTeTe
y CBeonmTeM rrycTOmel:Dy. Uap HX XTe)],e HCTepaTH H3 HTa­
AHje, HO YBH)],eBmH )],a cpAOTa no)], sanOBe)],HHmTBOM 0PH­
cpaca HHje )],OBOlbHa 3a TaKaB nO)l.yXBaT, SaTpalKH nOMon
0)], cppaHa'lKOr KPaJha .llOAHKa H 0)], pHMCKor nane, He 6H
AH My nOMorAH CTaTH Ha Kpaj lbY)],HMa OHHM OKpyTHHM
263
 '!'III'!"'""
Uap BaCUJlUje 6e36o>KHHUHMa. nOPY'"lH 3aTHM CAOBeHHMa, Koje CMO rope
mpWKU 00 HMeHOBaAH, Kao H .lly6POBqaHHMa, KOjH 6ejaxy npeTpneAH
C.nooeHa U onca,ny,,na MY je Y TOM nop;yxBary nOTpe6Ha lbHXOBa
n-;;!'::t~;~~~8 nOMon. Ka,na Ha Taj HaqHH 6exy 3,npY>KeHe CHare MHorHX
Capa~eHa. CaBe3HHKa, 3aje,nHO OKYnHllIe CHARY BOjcKY, a 3axBaIbyjynH
184 BOjHOj BellITHHH H HCKYCTBY OpH¢aca, 3aqaC 6H 3aY3eT
rpa,n BapH. ct>paHaqKH KpaIb, noryKaBllIH y 60jy COi\,.ll;aHa,
3apo6H ra >KHBa H o,nBe,ne ra 3aje,nHo C OCTaAHM arapeH­
CKHM 3apo6IbeHHUHMa. TaKO ce OKOHqa npBH BaCHAHjeB
nop;yxBaT Ha 3ana,ny . .lly6pOn"IaHH H ,npyrH CAoBeHH OCTa­
,nollie 3aTHM ,nyro y AOM6ap,nHjH no,n BOljCTBOM npoKonHja,
rAaBHOr pH3HH'1apa uapa BacHAHja H 3anoBe,nHHKa CAOBeH­
CKHX H 3ana,nlba'1KHX BOjHHX CHara. HaKoH 6pOjHHX jYHa'1­
KHX ,neAa lberOBHX H lberOBHX Iby,nH, H HaKOH BeAHKOr nOKO­
Iba KOjH H3BpllIHllIe Ha,n CapaueHHMa, ,nolje ,nO pa3,nopa H3­
Meljy npoKonHja H ,npyrora je,nHor 3anoBe,nHHKa uapcKe
BojcKe no HMeHY AaB (AeoH), KOjH 6ejallie Bolja MaKe,noHaua
H TpaqaHa. TaKO npoKonHje KpHBHUOM H3,najHHKa AeoHa
6H nOpa>KeHHM y je,nHoM oKpllIajy C HenpHjaTeIbHMa, a no­
rH60llIe npH TOMe MHOrH CAOBeHH H .lly6pOB'1aHH. To je,
,naKAe, OHO llITO npHnoBe,na Ke,npeH. HeKa ce HHKO He qy,nH
llITO cy .lly6pOB'1aHH YHa3a,n MHOro BeKOBa Ha TaKBOM rAa­
cy, a npBeHCTBeHO y CTBapHMa Koje ce TH'1y paTOBan.a, jep
3eMIba Kojaje ,naHac y lbHXOBOM noce,ny H npe ,nOAaCKa CAO­
3eMlbe BeHa y Te KpajeBe 6ejallie YBeK ,naBaAa O,nAH'iHe paTHHKe.
J(y6poot{aHa HaHMe, Taj Kpaj (KaKO TBp,ne ,lI.HOH H [nOMnoHHje) MeAa, Te
6ejaxy paHUje HOBHjH aYTopH ¢lpaH'1eCKO Bai\,.ll;eAH H A6paxaM OpTeA y
HacmalOeHe
pamo60pHUM
CBOjOj feorpa¢cKoj PH3HHUH no,n HMeHOM EnH,nayp) HaCTa­
napmuHUMa. H>aBaxy HeKa,na napTHHH. PaTOBaxy OHH H C PHMIbaHHMa, y
napmuHu ce BpeMe nyHor npOUBaTa PliMcKor UapCTBa, a KaTKa,n HM H
60pec npY>KHllIe nOMon npOTHB HenpHjaTeIba. npBH TO cnOMHlbe
PuM.!baHUMa.
llHOH H3 HHKeje, KOjH y 48. KH>H3H Ka>Ke ,na y nOMnejeBO'
feHYCHje, Te Tpenera ,naHa CTH>Ke Ha 60jHO nOIbe C no,npllI­
BpeMe HaCTaIIIe y EnH,naypy, rpa,ny napTHHa, o,npeljeHH He­
KOM o,n ,nBe XHIba,ne MAa,nHX nelliaKa napTHHa H ,nBe CTO­
MHpH Koje 3aTHM, HaKOH HeKOAHKO 6 HTaKa , 3aYCTaBH
THHe KOlbaHHKa. nellIa,nHjoM je 3anOBe,nao EnHKa,n , a KO­
O()6paHa zpaoa nOAHOH. 0 xpa6poj o,n6paHH rpa,na PeTHHa HAH (Kao llITO ra
lbHUOM AraAco. 3anyTHllIe ce OHH y I1AHpHK npe CBera ,na
30Be n ' ) P aTaHa, '1HJH
PemUHa . ce OCTaUH ,naHac MOry BH,neTH Y
npomu8 AHHHJe
PuM.!baHa. KaBo KYMaHO Ha ,ny6poBa'1KOM no,nPY'"ljy, HCTH aYTop Y 56.
KH>H3H OBaKO nHllIe: Y BpeMe onHcaHHX 36HBan.a y PHMY,
oHaj ,neo PHMIbaHa KOjH C fepMaHHKOM 6ejallie OTHllIao y
noxo,n npOTHB rpa,na PeTHHa y ,lI.aAMaUHjH npeTpne BeAHKe
llITere. HaHMe HenpHjaTeIbH, npHTHCHYTH PHMCKOM CHAOM,
YSH,nellie ,na cy Y nopeljen.y C 6pojHolliny PHMCKHX BojHHKa
npeCAa6H ,na 6H HM MOrAH O,nOAeTH, Te BelliTO H C BeAHKHM
onpe30M nOTnaAHllIe BaTpe Ha 3H,nHHaMa H Ha OKOARHM
rpaljeBHHaMa npHKpHBllIH HX TaKO ,na ce y npBH Max He
Mora,ne Ha3peTH CBeTAOCT, HaKOH '1era ce nOBYKOllie y
YHYTpallIn.oCT YTBpljelba. PHMlbaHH, He 3HajynH HHllITa 0
185
TOMe, KpeHYllie y >KeCTOK Hana,n >KeAenH ,na Ben y npBOM
264
HaAeTy 3ay3My H OnIba'1Kajy rpa,n, Te ce 3aTeKOllie o,nce­
'1eHH ycpe,n nOTnaIbeHe BaTpe a ,na HHllITa He 6ejaxy npH­
MeTHAH npe HO lllTO ce Haljollie y Kpajlboj onaCHOCTH.
O,n03ro HX raljaxy H3 CBHX OPY>Kja, OKO lbHX ce Y3,nH3allIe
BaTpeHa npeTn.a, Te He 6ellIe CHryPHO HH OCTaTH TaMO, a
He Moraxy ce HH H3BynH o,naTAe H cnaCHTH, Hero CaMO y3
BeAHKY norH6eIb; H36eraBajynH CTpeAe H KOnIba Koja
HenpHjaTeIbH 6auaxy Ha lbHX, 6HAH 6H HaTepaHH npaBO y
nO>Kap; nOBAa'1enH ce npe,n BaTpOM, CBaKH 6H ce nYT
HalliAH Ha y,napy HenpHjaTeIbcKHX opY>Kja, Te TaKO
npHTHCHYTH ca CBHX CTpaHa, HeKO H3rope y BaTpH, a HeKO
HanyCTH oBaj CBeT o,n 3a,no6HjeHHX paHa. TaKBa 6ejallie
cy,n6HHa HajBener ,neAa OHHX KOjH 6ejaxy ylliAH y rpa,n, a
caMO HeKOAHUHHa, 6auajynH Ha nAaMeH MpTBa TjeAa H
oTBapajynH ce6H TaKO npoAa3 KaO npeKo MOCTa, ycne
cnaCHTH ce 6eKCTBoM. nO>Kap ce npollIHpH TaKBOM cHaroM
,na HH OHH CKAOlbeHH y YTBpljelbY He 6ejaxy BHllIe Ha
CHryPHOM, Te je Ka,n na,ne Hon HanYCTHllIe H nOBYKOllie ce
y rpaljeBHHe no,n 3eMIbOM. TaKo ,lI.HOH nHllIe 0 napTHHHMa.
Ha KaKBOM rAacy 6ejaxy OHH KO,n PHMIbaHa, H3PH'1HTO
Ka>Ke caM Ue3ap ABryCT, '1Hje peqH HaBo,nH AnHjaH H3 UapA8zycm
AAeKcaH,npHje y CBOM ,neAy 0 MAHPHKY, r,ne npHnoBe,na Ka­ X8Q.1!U ce
KO Ue3ap je,nHora ,naHa, KopenH npe,n CeHaToM MaAO­ C80jOM
nooooOM Hao
Bpe,nHoCT MapKa AHToHHja, no,nH'1H ce HanpoTHB xpa6poM napmuHUMa.
CBOjOM no6e,noM Ha,n napTHHHMa, KaO H Ha,n OCTaAHM I1AH­
pHMa. C 063HPOM Ha npHjaTeIbCTBo napTHHa H PliMIbaHa, napmUHU
BHllIe HO je,nHoM (KaKo peKocMo) OBH npBH npY>KHllIe npumeX:HY Y
nOMon
nOMon ,npyrHMa y 6op6H npoTHB HenpHjaTeIba. CnOMHlbe PuM.!baHUMa.
TO H THT AHBHje y 4. KlbH3H V. ,lI.eKa,ne, Ka,na Ka>Ke: AHH­
UHje, y TO BpeMe npeTOp y AnoAoHHjH, qyBllIH llITO ce 6ellIe
,nOro,nHAO y I1AHpHKY, nOCAa AnHjy noPYKY ,na ra '1eKa KO,n
J(y6P06t{QHU
oCAo6o,ne BacHjaHe onca,ne. 113 CBera ce Tora jacHo BHAH oaY8ex: .:>ICU8­
KaKO je ,ny6poBa'1Ka 3eMlba yseK ,naBaAa (KaKO je pe'1eHO) Jbaxyy
MY>KeBe BH'1He BojeBalbY. nOKa3aIIIe ce OHH TaKBHMa H y C.l!o6oOu.
KacHHjHM pa3,no6IbHMa, 3a,np>KaBllIH YBeK CBOjy cAo6o,ny,
HaKO HeKH MAeTa'1KH nHcUH TBp,ne cynpoTHo, O,nHOCHO ,na
.lly6pOBHHK nOTna,ne no,n MAeTa'1KY BAaCT roAHHe 998. y
,no6a ,ny>KAa neTpa OpceoAa KOjH 6ejallie 3apaTHo C HepeT­
BIbaHHMa. Ka,n MAeUH o,nHeCOllie KOHaqHY no6e,ny y 60jy 186
(Ka>Ke Ca6eAHKO y 2. KlbH3H 9. EHea,ne), .lly6pOB'1aHH no­
CAallie CBor Ha,n6HCKYna C HeKOAHKO HajHCTaKHYTHjHX nAe­ 3a6.nyoa He­
MJ!emat{­
x;ux
MHna ,na npe,najy rpa,n no,n BAaCT MAeTaqKOr ,ny>KAa KOjH x;ux nuca~a.
Ta,na 6ejaIIIe C 6po,noBHMa y,ll.aAMaIl.HjH. Ho ry ce Ca6eAH­
KO Bapa, jep y TO ,no6a rpa,n .lly6pOBHHK (Kao llITO ce BH,nH
265

,il,y6poeliu1( y H3 Lly6pOBa'1KHX AeTOrrHCa) 6ejaIlle y CaBe3Y C KOHCTaHTH­
caee3Y C HOrrOlbCKliM u;apeM BacllAHjeM ITopqmporeHeTOM, C KOjHM
Hcmo"lJltLM TaKOOep H MAe'1aHH 6Hjaxy y rrplijaTelhCTBY, a crrOMeHYTH
LIapCTTU3OM.
~ ITeTap 6ejaIlle o,n; I:bern H3,n;ejcTBoBao o,n;
I1AahaI:ba ,n;aHKa. C 063HPOM, ,n;aKAe, Ha rrpHjaTelhcTBO Lly­
6pOB'1aHa C TaKO MohHHM BAa,lJ;apOM, He MOPaxy ce 60jaTH
HHTli HMaxy ,n;pyror pa3Aora 360r Kojer 6H cBojeBolhHo o,n;
3alUmo
CA06o,n;HHX lhy,n;H rrOCTaAH He'1HjH rro,n;aHHU;H. ITpaBH pa3Aor
JI.y6poe'!aliu Te rroceTe Ha,n;611CKYrra H .n;y6pOBa'1KHX rrAeMHha MAe'1aHH­
nOCJ1.alUe Ma 6ejame cAe,n;ehH. Y paTY MAe'1aHa rrpOTHB HepeTBlhaHa
Mn.e1J,tLMa .z:ry:lK,n; ITeTap OpceOAO rrOCAa ,n;eceT Aaoa ,n;a xapajy rpa­
liao6uc1(yna U
lie1(MU1(O HHu;aMa rrpOTHBHllKa. 'uOK OHe 6ejaxy Ha rryTY ,n;a H3BpIlle
71JleMUna. rrpHMlheHy Hape,n;6y, cycpeToIlle je,n;aH BeAHKll .n;y6pOBa'1Kll
6po,n; rrperryH TepeTa H C HeKOAliKO HepeTBlhaHCKHX Tp-
roBau;a Ha rraAy6H, Te HacpHyme Ha 6po,n; II 3arocrro,n;apll­
Ille I:bHMe. Ka,n; BeCT 0 TOMe CTH2Ke y Lly6POBHHK, TaMOIllI:bH
ceHaT CMeCTa rrOCAa 113aCAaHCTBO CaCTaBlheHO o,n; HeKOAHKO
I1AeMHha rrpe.D;BOOeHHX Ha,lJ;6HCKYITOM, HaA02KHBIllH HM
(KaKO rrHIlle MHXO COAHIhaHHH y CBOjOj pacrrpaBH 0
llaAMaU;HjH, KaKO CTOjH H Y Lly6pOBa'1KHM lheTorrHCHMa) ,n;a
Hajrrpe 3aMOAe MAe'1aHe, 6y.n;yhH ,n;a He 6ejaIlle pa3Aora ,n;a
6H OHH rrpHcBojHAH IhHXOBY p06y, ,n;a oCAo60,n;e crrOMeHYTll
6po,n;. AKO MOA60M He 6H rrOCTHrAH ycrrex, HaAOr 6ejaIlle ,n;a
y rrpHcycTBy Ha,lJ;611CKYrra CBe'1aHO H3jaBe KaKO he ce
o6paTHTH C TY2K60M rrpoTHB I:bHX KOHCTaHTHHorrOlhCKOM
u;apy C KOjHM je pe'1eHo) 6ejaxy Ta,n;a y case3Y, Te
KaKO he rro.n;y3eTli CBe Harrope He 6H All ,n;0611AH HaTpar
IllTO HM rrpHrra,n;a. To, ,n;aKAe, 6ejaIIIe pa3Aor 360r Kora
1ly6pOB'1aHH Ta,n;a rrOCAaIlle MAe'1aHHMa cBoje I1AeMHhe C
Ha,n;6HCKYrrOM, a He 3aTO ,n;a 6H ce rro,n;'1HHHAH H o,n;peKAll
cA06o,n;e KaKO 6H rrOCTaAH He'1HjH rro,n;aHHU;H, Kao IllTO
TBp,n;H Ca6eAHKO. Taj ayTop, HaHMe, Tpy,n;ehH ce rrOHeKa,lJ;.
paCBeTAHTH H rro,n;apHTli cAaBY MAeTa'1Koj rrOBeCTH, Ha
Kpajy rrOCTHrHe caMO To,n;a OHa rrOTaMHH. BH,n;ll ce TO yoc­
TaAOM II OB,n;e H3 I:beroBor rrpHrrOBe,n;aI:ba 0 HepeTBlhaHHMa,
Koje He rrpecTaje 3BaTH Illa'1HU;OM AorrOBa jep, aKO ce He
BapaM, THMe 3arrpaBO ysepaBa '1HTaOu;a KaKO cy MAe'1aHH
rryHHX 170 ro,n;llHa 6HAH MY'IeHll, TprreAH Harra,n;e H, IllTO je
JOIll rope, 6HAH 06aBe3aHH Ha ,n;aHaK o,n; Illa'1Hu;e AorrOBa.
ITa Ca,lJ;, KaKaB yrAe,n; THMe CTH'1y MAeU;H, HeKa cy,n;e ,n;pyrH,
jep ja ce BpahaM 3arr0'1eTOM H3AaraI:bY 0 Lly6POBHHKY.
KaKo je pe'1eHO, rpa,n; Taj CBar,n;a 2KHBlhaIlle y cA060,n;H, a
187 TYOllHU;H He 3aBAa,n;aIlle IhHMe HHKa,n;a, ,n;o je,n;HOM, Ka,lJ;
caMli ,Uy6pOB'1aHH, He 6H All ce OCAo60,n;llAH THpaHHje
.n;y6pOBa'1KOr rrAeMliha ,UaMjaHa Jy,n;e, Hepa360pHTO OJ1.Ay­
'1HIlle rrpllxBaTHTH MAeTa'1KY BAaCT. ,Uoro,n;H ce TO Ha CAe­
,n;ehH Ha'1llH, rrpeMa H3BeIllTajy <ppaH'1eCKa Cep,n;OHaTHja y
llo,n;aTKY 1. KI:bH3H HCTopHje CAaBHHX MY2KeBa 1;)oBaHlija
266
--.
BOKa'1a. ,Uy6poBa'1KOM Perry6AHKOM BAa,n;aIlle KHe3 C BP­
XOBHllM rrorAaBapCTBoM H rrpe,n;ce,n;aBajyhHM Beha, ce,n;llIll­
Te MY je Y jaBHoM KHe2KeBOM ,n;BOPY, a TaMOIllIha rocrro,n;a
cy HMaAa 06H'1aj 611paTH ra H3 ro,n;HHe y ro,n;HHy. Ho Ka,n;
ro,n;HHe 1260. Ha Taj rrOA02Kaj CTYITli ,UaMjaH Jy,n;a, MY2K
60rnT H xpa6ap, BAaCT MY ce TaKO YCAa,lJ;H, ,n;a rrOMliCAH JIpunoaem1(a
KaKO 6H Morao TaKO HaCTaBliTH H 3a,lJ;p2KaTH 3a ce6e Be­ a oy6poaa'!-
1(OM mupaliu­
hHHY rAaCOBa H HaKOH 3aKOHOM o,n;peoeHor pOKa, Te KO­ liy JI.OMjmiY
Ha'1HO rrOCTaTH ,n;02KllBOTHH H HeorpaHH'1eHH BAa,lJ;ap. OCH­ JyOu.
rypaBIllH ce BOjHOM CTPa2KOM, Ka,lJ; ce HarryHH IherOBa ro­
,n;HHa Ha AY2KHOCTH KHe3a, rro,n;MyKAo yBe,n;e y rpa,lJ; MHOIll-
TBO CBOjHX rroY3,n;aHHKa, caKpHBIllH ,n;eo IhHX Ha pa3HHM
MeCTHMa. OCAaI:bajyhH ce Ha IhHXOBY rroMoh, Kao H Ha
rrplijaTelhCTBo H HaKAOHOCT HeKOAHU;HHe IhHX Koje 6ejaIlle
06Be3ao CBOjOM ,n;ape2KlhHBoIIIhy, HaMaMlhHBaIheM H yCAy­
raMa, Crrpe'1H oKYITlbaIhe BeAliKor Beha KOjH je Tpe6aAo ,n;a
113a6pe I:beroBor HaCAe,n;HllKa II He XTe,n;e HarrYCTHTli ,n;BOp.
YcrrpKOC TOMe IllTO ce rrAeMHhH y36yHHIlle H rrO'1eIlle rrpH­
roBapaTH, OH HX My,n;POIllhy II AYKaBOIllhy CBOjOM YMHpH,
ysepHBIllH HX KaKO rroCT)'rra TaKO CaMO 3aTO ,n;a 6H rrpe­
opraHH30Bao H ,n;OBeo y pe,n; HajBehHM ,n;eAoM HCKBapeHY H
rroTKYrrlheHY BAaCT H ,n;a 6H yKAOHHO pa3,n;ope Meoy rrAe-
MHhHMa, HaKOH '1era he ce rroByhH C rrOA02Kaja H H3 jaBHor
2KHBOTa. IToBepaBaIlle My THM AaKIlle YTOAHKO IllTO OH He
HMa,lJ;e MyIllKO rrOTOMCTBO. HaCAYTH, MeOYTllM, ,n;a ,n;eo
I1AeMHha, a HapO'1HTO OHH H3 6pojHe rropo,n;Hu;e B06alheBH- JIopOOu1J,a
ha, 60raTe CBaKOBPCHOM llMOBHHOM H MY2KeBHMa rrpllBp- Bo6aJbeeun
cynpomcmaau
2KeHHM . CAO6 O,n;H, OTBopeHO roBope rrpOTHB TeI:beroBe ce mupaliuliy.
THpaHHJe H 6e30'1HHX Aa2KH H ,n;a He MOry II He 2KeAe Tprre- .
TH TO, Te H3,n;a TajHY Hape,n;6y 3arrOBe,n;HHKY ,n;BopCKe CTpa­
2Ke faIllrrapy YrpHHY (rocrro,n;a .n;y6pOBa'1Ka HeMajy 06H'1aj
< ,n;p2KaTH HHKaKBe ,n;pyre rroAHu;aju;e, Beh ce CAY2Ke BOjHH­
U;HMa cBoje CTpa2Ke H 3a xarrIlleIha) ,n;a HX yxllTH II 3aTBopH
y TaMHHIJ;y. Ho famrrap, KOjH ce 360r rrpHMlheHHX ,n;06po­
'1HHCTaBa ocjehao AY2KHHKOM KYhe B06alheBHh, a Kao '1ec­
THT '1OBeK Mp3HO THpaHHHa, rrpeKO je,n;Hor HM MOHaxa, rro­
IllTeHor '1OBeKa, TajHo rropyqH IllTa My TllpaHHH 6ejaIlle
188
Hape,n;llO. Ha TO CKYrrHHa MAa,lJ;HX rrAeMliha KPllIllOM rro6e­
2Ke y BocHY, a MeOY IhHMa 6ejaxy BAaxO B06alheBHh, Kao H
,n;BojHu;a 6pahe H3 HCTe rropo,n;Hu;e, BOA'1O H ,UOMaIha; CBa
TpojHu;a B06alheBHha 6ejaxy MAa,lJ;HhH 06,n;apeHH MHorHM
BpAHHaMa H BeAHKOM xpa6poIllhy. THpaHliH HX rrporHa, rra
Ka,lJ; My ce yqHHH ,n;a HeMa BHIlle o,n; '1era CTpaxoBaTH, rrO'1e
OXOAO BAa,lJ;aTH H yrrpaBlhaTH CBHMe KaKO ce IheMY rrpOXTe,
6e3 llMaAO rrOIllTOBaI:ba rrpeMa HKOMe. CAY2KHO ce BOjHHU;H­
Ma,n;a 3aCTpaIllH 'IAaHOBe ceHaTa KojHMa HHKaKO HHje ,n;0­
rrymTao ,n;a ce oKYrre H ,n;a ,n;P2KH Ha Y3,n;H rrAeMHhe. Ta Ihe­
roBa CTpaxoBAa,lJ;a rroTpaja BHIlle o,n; ,n;Be ro,n;HHe y3 orrIIITH
267

llemap rHeB rpa1)aHa H 60A 'laK H lberOBHX BAaCTHTHX po1)aKa, 'lH­
BeHeUla ja lby6aB npeMa CAo6o,n:H H OnliIToj ,n:06po6HTH 6ejaIIle ja'la CAaBlbe H o,n:aBIIlH HM HajBHIIle llO'laCTH. D pe,n:Be'le ce
oCJW6oau.nalJ. O,n: PO,n:6HHCKe Be3e. TaKo THpaHOB 3eT DeTap BeHeIIla,
MAa,n:Hh cjajHora ,n:yxa, n03Ba y CBOj ,n:OM Ha TajHH CaCTa­
HaK HeKOAHKO HajB8.)KHHjHX 'lAaHOBa CeHaTa H ,n:pyre nAe­
MHhe, Te ce nOT}'}KH Ha TaCTOBY OnaKOCT. CBH ce CAO)KHIIle
C H>HM, H3jaBlbyjyhH ,n:a cy CnpeMHH OCTBapHTH H>eroBe
HaMepe H HCKOpeHHTH THpaHHjy, Te CTOra 6H oMyqeHO,n:a
BeHeIIla, KaO THpaHHHY HajMalbe CYMH>HB 'lOBeK, npeY3Me
Ha ce6e Ty ,ll"Y}KHOCT. By.nyhH ,n:a HM ce 'lHHHAO KaKO HeMa
CmypHOr nyTa KOjHM 6H MOrAH OTBOpeHO H ,n:HpeKTHO
CnpOBeCTH y ,n:eAO CBOjy HaMepy, oMyqHIIle (Balba pehH,
CynPOTHO MHIIllbelbY MHxa H BHTa Bo6albeBHha KOjH cy
CMaTpaAH ,n:a je MHOro 'laCHHje ,n:a CaMH nAeMHhH BAaC­
THTHM pYKaMa YKAOHe THpaHHHa C OBora CBeTa) ,n:a he Be­
HeIIla, KOjH H npe rora 6ejaIIle HeKOAHKO ro,n:HHa 6opaBHo
y MAell.HMa 360r CBOjHX TproBa'lKHX nOCAOBa H oejaIIle no­
3HaT HajBeheM ,n:eAy TaMOIIllbe BAaCTeAe, OTHhH TaMO no,n:
H3rOBopoM Ae'lelba HeKe AaKIIle oOAeCTH H yje,n:Ho Ha,n:rAe­
,n:ao cBoje nOCAOBe. Ho, 3anpaBo OH y TajHocTH 3aTp8.)KHO
nOMoh MAe'laHa KojHMa OH 3aY3BpaT nOHy,n:Ho ,n:a he
.lly6pOB'laHH yoy.nyhe npHXBaTHTH MAeTa'lKOr KHe3a. Toj
ce H,n:ejH H ,n:albe npoTHBHIIle cnoMeHYTH MHXO H BHTO Bo­
6albeBHh, CTapll.H BeAHKe My,n:POCTH, HCKYCHH M}'}KeBH
BH'lHH ,n:p)KaBHH'lKHM nOCAOBHMa, O'leBH TpojHll.e MAa,n:Hha
3a Koje CMO peKAH ,n:a 6exy nporHaHH o,n: THpaHHHa. Y3
OCTaAe pa3Aore, HaBo,n:HAH cy OHH TaKo1)e onaCHOCT ,n:a ce
nOTna,n:He no,n: TY1)HHCKH japaM H rOBopaxy KaKO je BeAHKa
cpaMOTa ,n:pyroMe ce no,n:'lHHHTH Ka,n: caMH MOry 'laCHO H3­
6ehH poncTBo H JKHBeTH y CAOOO,n:H. DpeBarHY, Me1)YTHM,
MHIIllbelbe BehHHe, Oy.nyhH ,n:a ce Taj nyT 'lHHHO AaKIIlHM H
Malbe onaCHHM. BeHeIIla ,n:pare BOlbe o,n:e y MAeTKe, Te·
HaKOH IIlro 6H yse,n:eH y ceHaT H oojacHHBIIlH pa3Aore CBor
npHcyCTBa, H3,n:ejCTBoBa ,n:a MAe'laHH y3 ooehaH>e HaBe,n:e­
He Harpa,n:e 3a CBOj Tpy,n: H TpOIIlKOBe npHXBaTe Taj no­
,n:yxBaT. Ha caBeT CaMora BeHeIIle H y CKAa.ny C HaMepaMa
189
,n:oroBopeHHM JOIIl Y .lly6pOBHHKY yqHHH HM ce eqmKaCHHM
nOCTYnaTH AYKaBO H llpHKpHBeHO. Crora npHBH,n:HO H3a­
opaIIle ,n:BOjHll.Y H3aCAaHHKa npaBehH ce Kao ,n:a HX IIlalbY
KOHCTaHTHHonOlbCKOM ll.apy H ,n:a,n:OIIle HM ,n:Be raAHje ,n:o­ H>HMa, He ,n:OnyrnTaxy (KaKO je pe'leHO) ,n:a ynpaBlba jaBHHM
6po oncKp6lbeHe KaKO Op}'}KjeM, TaKO H lby,n:HMa. 3anOBe,n:­
HHll.HMa Hape,n:HIIle ,n:a 'lHHe CBe KaKO HM HaAO)KH BeHeIIla
(KOjH ce HCTHM THM raAHjaMa BpaTH KYhH). BpaTHBIIlH ce
,n:aKAe KYhH, BeHeIIla pe'le TaCTY ,n:a MAeTa'lKH H3aCAaHHll.H
y npOAa3Y Tpeoa ,n:a nperoBapajy C lbHM 0 HeKHM llOCAO­
BHMa, Te ra 3aMOAH ,n:a npHpe,n:H 3a H>HX r030y, jep OH MY
npHjaTelbcTBO H>HXOBO OHAO Ha 'laCT H o,n: KOpHCTH . .QaMjaH
268
...
HX YHCTHHY yroCTH npHpe,n:HBIIlH KpacaH o6e,n: H BeAHKO
MAe'laHH BpaTHIIle Ha cBoje raAHje, a cAe,n:ehera jYTpa
nOCAaIIle THpaHHHY l103HB ,n:a ,n:01)e Ha raAHje 3aoaBHTH ce,
ooe,n:OBaTH C H>HMa H BH,n:eTH npe,n:HBHe H paCKOIIlHe ,n:apo­
Be Koje MAeTa'lKH ceHaT IIlalbe ll.apy. He CYMlbajyhH Ha
llpeBapy, ,n:OnyCTH 3eTY ,n:a ra HaroBopH ,n:a llpHXBaTH llO­
3HB. Ka,n: ce ynyTH Ha raAHjy, H3aCAaHHll.H MY H3a1)oIIle y
cycpeT,n:a ra ,n:O'leKajy, Te ra npHMHIIle y3 BeAHKe nO'laCTH.
qHM ce THpaHHH nOlle Ha llaAYOY, 3anOBe,n:HHll.H raAHja
npeTBapaIIle ce Kao ,n:a )KeAe OTHhH y ,n:pyry AYKY, Te
Hape,n:HIIle ,n:a ce no,n:HrHY cH,n:pa, HaKOH 'lera ce BecAajyhH
y,n:albHIIle o,n: rpa,n:a. Ka,n: ce Ha1)oIIle Ha o,n:pe1)eHoj y,n:albe­
HOCTH o,n: KOllHa, CBe3aIIle H 3apooHIIle THpaHHHa. YBH,n:eB­
IIlH ,n:a je H3ry6HO rOCllo,n:CTBO cBoje H cAo6o.ny, ,n:a je caBAa­
,l!aMujaH JyiJa
,n:aH, )KaAehH ce Heoy Ha 3eroBo H Ha MAeTa'lKO BepoAoM­ CaM ce6u
CTBO, HMajyhH Ha YMY BHIIle H3ryolbeHY BeAH'lHHY Hero oiJy 3e .:>ICUGOm.
XPHIIlhaHcKY ~HOCT, no,n:CTaKHYT O'lajeM BHIIle nyTa
CH8)KHO y,n:apH rAaBOM 0 ,n:PBO Ha KpMH, Te TaKO HanYCTH
OBaj CBeT H llPH,n:P}'}KH ce MpTBHMa y H>HXOBOj ro30H. Be­
HeIIla ce C raAHjaMa BpaTH y ,ny6pOBHHK, r,n:e 3aBepeHHll.H
,n:03HaBIIlH 3a THpaHHHOBY CMPT KAHKHYIIle YCKAHKOM CAO­
6o,n:e, a Hapo,n: noxapa ,n:BOP H CBe THPaHHHOBO. OKYllH ce
Ta,n:a BeAHKO Behe; llPOTHBHO )KelbaMa BOOalbeBHha KOjH
ce YCllPoTHBHIIle lberoBHM HaYMHMa, )KeAehH ,n:a .nyopo­
Ba'fKa BAaCTeAa nOHOBHO y nOTnYHocTH npey3Me ~HOCT
ynpaBlbalba ,n:P)KaBOM 6e3 ynAeTaH>a H MeIIlalba TY1) HHall.a,
BHjehe Ha HaroBop BeHeIIlHH H He )KeAehH ,n:OOPH lby,n:H ,n:a
npeKpIIle ooehalbe ,n:aro MAe'laHHMa, npHxBaTH 3a KHe3a
je,n:Hora o,n: ,n:BojHll.e A8)KHHX H3aCAaHHKa, a oeIIle TO MapKO
.QaH,n:OAO, y3 YCAOB ,n:a He MO)Ke HHIIlTa no.ny3eTH 6e3 3Ha­
lba H HaAora ceHaTa. Ta ce 30HBalba npeMa HeKHMa CMeIIl­ 190
Tajy y ro,n:HHY 1262, a llpeMa ,n:pymMa y 1215.
He,n:oCTaTaK pa30opHTOCTH nonyT Te KO,n: ,nyopOB'la­
roiJuHe 1303.
Ha, HaKOH HeKOAHKO ro,n:HHa nOKa3aIIle TaKo1)e H Cf>HpeH­
<PupeHmUHIJU
THHll.H. Ka,n: Me1)y lbHMa ,n:01)e ,n:o BeAHKor pa3,n:opa (KaKo n030GY cyceiJe
nHIIle 1)oBaHH BHAaHH y 68. norAaBlbY 8. KlbHre), n03BaIIle U3 z:paiJa lIyKe
cyce,n:e H3 rpa,n:a I\YKe ,n:a ynpaBlbajy rpa,n:oM. Ho ,ny0POB­ iJa ynpa6Jbajy
z:paiJoM.
'laHH MAeTa'lKOM KHe3y, TaKO ,n:yro ,n:OK ce 3a,n:p)Ka Me1)y
nHTaH>HMa, a He OH My ,n:onYIIlTeHO HH ,n:p)KaTH BHIIle o,n:
'leTHpH cAyre, KOjH He 6exy HH llOAHll.ajll.H, HH BOjHHll.H.
YKpaTKO, HCKa3HBaxy My TaKO MaAO nOIIlTOBalba ,n:a je,n:­
Hora ,n:aHa y KaTe,n:paAH HacpHY Ha H>era je,n:aH nAeMHh H3
KYhe CapaKa, a Ka,n: ce OH BHIIle nyTa nO)KaAH Ha Taj ,n:o­
ra1)aj npe,n: ,n:y6poBa'lKHM ceHaTOM, lberOBe pe'lH He HaH1)o­
IIle HH Ha KaKaB o.rrjeK. Y3a CBe TO, n03HBajyhH ce Ha ,n:o­
Aa3aK 'leTHpH MAeTa'lKe raAHje Koje .lly6pOB'laHH 6ejaxy
269
 r'
,n:OBeAH y rpa,n: He 6H AH ce OCAo6o,n:HAH THpaHHHa, HeKH cy
rrHCU:H HarrHCaAH MHoro H3MHIIllhOTHHa. Me1)y lhHMa je H
Ca6eAHKO KOjH y 5. KlhH3H 9. EHea,n:e rrHIIle KaKO TOMa3o
MOP03HHH, rrOCTaBlheH 3a KOHCTaHTHHorrOlhCKor rraTpHjap­
xa, Ha rryry y cBoje rrpe6HBaAHIIlTe C T.JeTHpH MAeTaT.JKe ra­
AHje rrOHOBO OCBOjH ,ay6POBHHK. Ty MH ce T.JHHH ,n:a Ca6e­
AHKO 2KeAH H3ByhH ,n:Ba 3aKlhyqKa: rrpBo, ,n:a je ,ay6pOBHHK
H rrpe Tora 6HO rro,n: MAeTaT.JKOM BAaIIlhy, ,n:a 6H ce 3aTHM
rro6YHHo, H ,n:pyro, ,n:a je y BpeMe ,n:OAaCKa Te T.JeTHpH raAH­
je, IIlTO ce 36HAO OKO 1208, Taj rpa,n: 6HO TaKO cAa6 H pac­
rrOAarao TaKO He3HaTHHM CHaraMa ,n:a cy T.JeTHpH raAHje
6HAe ,n:oBolhHe ,n:a My YTepajy CTpax H HaTepajy ra Ha rrpe­
,n:ajy. Ho Bapa ce H y rrpBoM H y ,n:pyroM cAyqajy, jep rpa,n:
L{y6pOBHHK o,n: caMora rrOT.JeTKa YBeK 3a,n:p2Ka HeTaKHYTOM
CBOjy cAo6o.n:y, a Ka,n: y lheroBY AYKY YIIAOBHIIle T.JeTHpH
MAeTaT.JKe raAHje, .n:y6pOBaT.JKe CHare 6ejaxy TaKBe ,n:a 6H
AaKO MorAe o,n:OAeTH He caMO lhHMa, Hero CBe H ,n:a HX 6eIIle
BHIIle o,n: CTOTHHY, Kao IIlTO ce YOCTaAOM 6ejaIIle ,n:oro,n:HAO
350 ro,n:HHa rrpe Tora, Ka,n: ce ,ay6pOBT.JaHH 6ejaxy xpa6po
o,n:6paHHAH o,n: capau:eHcKe cpAoTe H3 KapTarHHe. MCTH TH
Capau:eHH, OTIIAOBHBIIlH H3 ,ay6poBHHKa 3aY3eIIle HeKO­
AHKO MeCTa y ArryAHjH, Te KOHCTaHTHHorrOlhCKH u:ap rrOCAa
Ha lhHX CTOTHHY HaoPY2KaHHx 6po,n:oBa. Ho Ka.D: yBH,n:e ,n:a
HH TO HHje ,n:OBOlhHO ,n:a 6H HM ce o.n:yrrpo, 3aTpa2KH rroMoh
o,n: ,ay6pOBT.JaHa (Kao IIlTO CMO Beh rrOKa3aAH HaBo,n:ehH
cBe,n:OT.Jelhe Ke,n:peHa). ,lla cy ,ay6pOBT.JaHH y TO BpeMe 6HAH
Ha TaKO cAa60M rAacy KaKO TO TBp,n:H Ca6eAHKO, TeIIlKO 6H
Ca6eJtwcoBa .
3a6Jtyoa. 6HAO rrOBepOBaTH ,n:a 6H ce Je,n:aH KOHCTaHTHHorrOlhCKH u:ap
y,n:OCTOjHO 6HAO IIlTO Tpa2KHTH o,n: lhHX. JaCHO je ,n:aKAe ,n:a
ce Ca6eAHKO, KaKO Ha TOM, TaKO H Ha MHorHM ,n:pyrHM
MeCTHMa r,n:e rOBopH O,ay6pOBHHKY, rp,n:HO Bapa, OCHM aKO
HHje CBe TO HarrHcao CaMO 3aTO ,n:a KOMrroHyje (KaKO ce TO'
Ka2Ke) rreCMY 3a HeT.JHje yIIlH. Y HaIIle BpeMe yqHHH TO H
qe3ape KaMrraHa, KOjH y 15. KlhH3H 2. CBeCKe rrHIIle KaKO
191 ro,n:HHe 1594. ,ay6pOBT.JaHH, 60jehH ce ,n:a 6H 3arrOBe,n:HHK
TYPcKe cpAoTe qHKaAa Morao, KaKO cy rOBOpHAe rAaCHHe,
HaHeTH IIlTery lhHXOBOj Perry6AHU:H, rrOCAaIIle MOA6y MAe­
T.JaHHMa ,n:a HM rroMorHY y TaKO 3AOK06HHM BpeMeHHMa, H3­
jaBlhyjyhH ,n:a he ce pa,n:Hje rroKopHTH MAeU:HMa Hero He­
BepHHU:HMa. KOAHKO KaMrraHHHe TBp,n:lhe rrpOTHBpeT.Je HC­
THHH MOry BepHO rrOCBe,n:OT.JHTH He caMO OHH KOjH yrrpaBo y
TO ,n:06a 6exy y ,ay6pOBHHKY, r,n:e He 6eIIle Tpara CTpaxy,
Beh H CaMH MAeT.JaHH 60lhe o,n: HKora ,n:pyror, 6y.n:yhH ,n:a
HHje TaT.JHO ,n:a HM ,ay6pOBaT.JKa Perry6AHKa, HH rryTeM rrH­
caMa, a HH rrpeKo CBOjHX H3acAaHHKa, HHTH Ha KOjH ,n:pyrH
HaT.JHH, 06paTHAa 3a rroMoh, H TO He caMO lhHMa Hero ce HH
IIlrraHCKOM KpalbY HH rrarrH He 6H y Toj rrpHAHU:H 6HAa
06paTHAa 3a rroMoh. He Ka2KeM TO 3aTO IIlTO HM ce He 6H
270
06paTHAa y HY2K.ll:H, CHrypHa ,n:a he joj rrpHCKOT.JHTH y rro­
Moh MaKap 360r corrCTeBHHX HHTepeca, Beh 360r Tora IIlTO
,ay6pOBT.JaHH 6ejaxy caCBHM CHryPHH ,n:a rrOMeHYTa cpAoTa
HHje 6HAa YCMepeHa rrpoTHB lhHX H T.JaK ,n:a HHje 6HAa Ha
rryTy 3a Ja,n:paHCKO Mope. HapaBHO ,n:a je TaT.JHO ,n:a ,ay­
6pOBT.JaHH, Ka,n: ce rrpOHece rAac ,n:a je qHKaAa rrOCAaH y rro­
xo,n: rrpOTHB lhHXOBor rpa,n:a HAH rraK rrpOTHB celhCKHX yc­
KOKa, He Mora,n:OIIle (Kao HH MAeT.JaHH, HH MopHapHu:e CH­
U:HAHje H HarrYlha, KojHMa pa3yM TaKO HaAaraIIIe ,n:a yqHHe
H KOjH TaKO H yqHHHIIle) Hero 3a CBaKH cAyqaj rrOOIIlTpHIIle
orrpe3. HeKa MH ,n:albe orrpOCTH KaMrraHa, aAH lherOBa
rpeIIlKa ce caCTojH y TOMe IIlTO je, Kao ,n:a je HCTHHa, HarrH­
cao OHO IIlTO ,ay6pOBT.JaHHMa HHKa,n:a He 6H rraAO Ha rraMeT.
lhHXOB rpa,n:, KaKO cy ce MelhaAa BpeMeHa, ,n:02KHBe H rrpo­
MeHe cy,n:6HHe, paToBaIIle, 6eIIle y caBe3Y ca MHorHM KHe­
2KeBHMa H y HY2K.ll:H HM rrpY2KH rroTpe6HY rroMoh. npeM,n:a
ce cehalhe Ha MHore rro.n:yxBaTe ,ay6pOBT.JaHa caCBHM H3ry­ KpQJb EOOuH
6HO, 3Ha ce HrraK ,n:a ro,n:HHe 1075. Kpalb PaIIlKe H Cp6Hje nOBeoepam
npomUB
BO,n:HH 3apaTH rrpoTHB rpa,n:a ,ay6poBHHKa, ,n:a 6H ra 3aTHM
,l!y6pOBHWca.
HerrpeKH,n:Ho ,n:p2Kao rro,n: orrca,n:OM rryHHx ce,n:aM ro,n:HHa, ,l!y6pOBHWC ce
,n:OK CTaHOBHHU:H YHYTap 3H,n:HHa He rrpe.n:y3eIIle HHIIlTa, Wupu.
KaKO He 6H rrora3HAH peT.J ,n:ary BO,n:HHOBHM HehaU:HMa 360r ,l!y6pOB'W.HU
cmyne y CaBe3
KOjHX OH H 6ejaIIle rrOBeo Taj paT. Y HCTOM pa3,n:06lhY ,ay­
c P06epmo.M.
6pOBT.JaHH rrpOIIlHpHIIle CBOj rpa,n:. Y BpeMe paTa Po6epTa rBuClcapO.M..
rBHCKapa, BojBo,n:e o,n: ArryAHje, C u:apeM AAeKcHjeM KOM­ AJt6epm
HeHOM H C MAeT.JaHHMa, ,ay6pOBHHK 3aje,n:HO C HeKOAHKO KpaHlj,y 4.
/C/-bU3U, no­
,n:pyrHx ,n:aAMaTHHCKHX rpa,n:OBa rrpHCTa y3 Po6epTa. OH Ta­
2llaBJbY 9. CBO­
,n:a (KaKO rrHIIle BaATa3ap CIIAHhaHHH y nOCTaHKY CIIAHTa) je BaHoaJtuje
,n:06H o,n: ,ay6pOBT.JaHa ,n:Be raAHje, a o,n: CrrAHhaHa je,n:HY· /CQJlCe oa y mo
CYKo6HBIIlH ce C AAeKcHjeBoM H C MAeTaT.JKOM CPAOTOM KO,n: o06a He/COJtu­
/Co OaJt.M.amUH­
,llpaT.Ja, .n:y6pOBaT.JKa 3arrOBe,n:HHT.JKa raAHja ce C}'K06H C ra­
c/CUX 2paooBa
AHjOM u:apa AAeKcHja, rrpH T.JeMY ce ,ay6pOBT.JaHH (KaKO rrH­ 6ewe y CaBe3Y
IIle HCTH CIIAHhaHHH) rrOKa3aIIle y 6op6H TaKO BeIIlTHMa H cc P06epmo.M..
xpa6pHMa ,n:a Beh 6ejaxy roTOBO CBAa,n:aAH u:apcKY raAHjy 192
Ka,n: je,n:aH .n:y6pOBaT.JKH BOjHHK, rrpeIIlaBIIlH Ha KPMY, XTe,n:e
,l!y6pOB'W.HU
y6HTH u:apa, HO 3a,n:p2Ka ra lheroB KarreTaH KOjH, BH,n:eBIIlH cy ypamy c
IIlTO ce ,n:ora1)a, BHKHy Ha caB rAac,n:a He T.JHHH TO, jep je TO HepemBJbaHU
u:ap. He.n:yro HaKOH Tora ,ay6pOBT.JaHH cryrrHIIle y paT Ha .M.a.
KorrHY C HepeTBlhaHHMa, Te 1148. rroTYKoIIle BOjCKY rro,n: JIomy/Cy paw­
3arrOBe,n:HHIIlTBOM MHpocAaBa, 6paTa paIIlKor BojBo,n:e ,lle­ /C02 BOjBOOY
MupOCJtaBa U
ce, H TO KO,n: nOlhHu:a, MeCTa Koje je ,n:aHac .n:y6pOBaT.JKa Ay­
60caHc/c02
Ka y AA6aHHjH. rO,n:HHe 1160. 6exy y pary C KpalbeM BOPH­ 6aHa.
heM, KOjH ce Ta,n:a Ha3HBaIIle 60caHcKHM 6aHOM, Te ra ca­ JIpy:JKe nO.M.on
BAa,n:aIIle y 6HU:H KO,n: Tpe6Hlha. ,lla,n:OIIle ro,n:HHe 1253. ,n:e­ Mn.e1j,U.M.a
npomUB
ceT Aa1)a Kao rroMoh MAeTaT.JKOM .n:y2K.n:y PHHHepHjy rrpoTHB
']jeHOBJbaHa.
1)eHoBlhaHa y 6HU:H KO,n: AKpHja H CKAOrrHIIle HOBe crropa­ JIO.M.02Hyapa­
3YMe C KOHCTaHTHHorrOlhCKHM u:apOM MHXaHAOM naAeOAO­ 20HC/CO.M. /Cpa­
rOM. Ka,n: Kpalb AparoHa neTap 6eIIle y paTy C HarrylhcKHM Jby JIempy.
271
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KpaJbeM KapAOM AmKyjcKHM, ~6pOB'IaHH rrpY)KHllle rro­
Moh KpaJby TIeTpy, Te rrpHMHIlle BeAHK)' 3axBaAHOCT O,n
a.eroBor CHHa KPaJba ct>pH,npHKa. rO,nHHe rraK 1320. rrpH-
Uap AHOPOHWC
lLM OooeJlU MHIlle o,n u:apa AH,npoHHKa MHore rrOBAaCTHu:e H BeAHK)'
MHoze 3axBaAHOCT, a IIITO je HajBaJKHHje, 6ejaxy oCA060ueHH IIAa­
n06JlacmUlJe. haa.a ,naJK6HHa Ha rro,npyqjy 'IHTaBOr a.eroBor u:apcTBa.
rO,nHHe 1322. ~6pOB'IaHH paToBaxy ca CHHOBHMa BpaHH­
Pamyjy c
zocnooapoM
Boja, rocrro,napa CToHa, Kao H C YCKOU:HMa H3 OMHIlla, a
CmOHa. 1358. ro,nHHe CKAOrrHIlle caBe3 C yrapcKHM KpaJbeM Ay,no­
BHKOM. HaKOH Tora 3apaTHIlle C BA(1AHCAaBOM, KHe30M
)')KH'IKHM, a 3aTHM C a.erOBHM HehaKoM HHKOAOM AATOMa­
HOBHheM.
4y6post{aHu PaT H3MeUY ~6pOB'IaHa H KOTopaHa 3arrO'Ie 1361. H
nomyKY 3a BpeMe a.erOBor Tpajaa.a 6exy H3BpIlleHH BeAHKH rro­
Ea..: 71W3apa , KOlhH H C je,nHe H C ,npyre cTpaHe. He.nyro HaKOH Tora HH­
SOjClCosooy
sojsooe KOAa Ka60ra, rrOCAaH y rroxo,n C 6po,noBHMa rro HaAOry ce-
AfUlCyjclCoz. HaTa, rroTyqe BaATa3apa, KarreTaHa y CA)')K6H BojBo,ne Ay­
Mamuja Jjyp_ ,nOBHKa AH)K)'jcKor KOjH rycapHIlle 3aAHBOM Harr(1AajyhH
oeeun uoe TprOBa'IKe 6po,noBe. Ka,n MAe'IaHH H 1)eHoBlhaHH rrOHOBHO
y nOMon cTyrrHIlle y paT, ~6pOB'IaHH rrOCAaIlle y rroMoh 1)eHoBlha­
JjeHOB.1baHlLMa, HHMa ,nBe raAHje rro,n 3arrOBe,nHHIIITBOM MaTHje 1)ypue­
zOOuHe 1372. .
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JjeHosa My yseAHKO rrpOCAaBH CBOjy rropo,nHU:Y 1)YPueBHha, a ce6H y
oooeJlU
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4y6post{aHu ,nH H3 rrOBAaCTHu:e KOjy 1)ypueBHhH jOIll YBeK 'Iysajy y ~­
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6apoHa u AYU:H 1)YAHaHa. Ha raAHjaMa 6ejaIlle ,neBeT 6apOHa, a
~~~y
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nOMomy. Mapcelh. rO,nHHe 1398. H 1399. CIIAHhaHH rrpoTepaIlle Ta­
cnJtumCICOj . . n.,6 h
6JlacmeJtu. MOIlla.y BAaCTeAY, KOJOJ """"'" pOB'IaHH rrOCAaIIIe y rrOMO He­
y pamy C ICpa- KOAHKO raAHja, Te BpaTHIlle Perry6AHK)' rrAeMHhHMa. Bo­
.1be.M OcmojoM. caHCKH KpaJb OCToja 1404. rroBe,ne paT C ~6pOB'IaHHMa.
fIomylCY zaJluje illeCT ro,nHHa KacHHje rro,n BOUCTBOM AH,npHje BOA'IHha rro­
Hany.1bClCoz .
ICpa.1ba T)'KOIlle Ha,nOMaK KOp'IYAe ,neBeT raAHJa HarrYlhCKor KPaJba
BJlaOuCJlasa BA(1AHCAaBa Koje oBaj 6ejaIlle rrOCAao y KOTOP Kao rroTrropy
CJlOSeHa. 60caHCKOM KpaJby OCTOjH. rO,nHHe 1413. HCTepaIlle C
Omepajy KOp'IYAe, XBapa, BHca H Bpa'Ia BojHe rroca,ne CIIAHTCKOr
nocaoe
CnJtUmclCOZ
.
BOJBo,ne X · ByK'fHh a, Te 3arocrro,napHIlle HaBe,neHHM
pBoJa
sojsooe Xpsoja. OTOU:HMa Koje 3aTHM y pOK)' o,n TpH HAH 'IeTHpH ro,nHHe
Ooynpy ce rrpe,naIlle BA(1AHCAaBy, BHTe3Y u:apa H yrapcKor KPaJba
PaooCJlasy )KHrMYH,na. C P(1AOCaBOM TIaBAoBHheM 1430. ~6pOB'IaHH
fIasJlosuny.
Y case3Y ca rrOBe,nOIlle paT 3a KOHaBAe. rO,nHHe 1444. cTyrrHIlle y caBe3
3anaOH:>at{lClLM ca 3arra,na.a'IKHM KHe)KeBHMa H rrOCAaIlle y BapHY ,nEe ra­
ICHe.JK:eSlLMa. AHje rrpoTHB HeBepHHKa. CTjerraH Koca'Ia, BojBo,na CBeTor
272
CaBe, rrOBe,ne 1451. paT rrpOTHB ~6pOB'IaHa. OHH rraK CmjenaHKo­
HaKOH Tora, ro,nHHe 1464, CTyrrHIlle y caBe3 C rrarrOM TIH­ cat{a noseoe
JOM II. rrpOTHB Beh crrOMeHYTHX HeBepHHKa, HO K(1A rrarra pam npomus
4y6pos4.aHa.
JYAHje II. 3apaTH C MAe'IaHHMa, ~6pOB'IaHH rrpHCTaIlle y3
OBe ,npyre, Te HM Kao rroMoh rrOCAaIlle ,nBe haue Kpu:aTe
)KHTOM. MAe'IaHH 3aTHM 3apaTHIlle C AACPOHCOM, BOjBO,nOM
o,n ct>eppape, a ~6pOB'IaHH C 063HPOM Ha rrpHjaTelhCTBO C
K)'hOM ECTe, rrpHTeKoIlle y rroMoh BOjBO,nH. ~6pOB'IaHH t:Ppa JaHalJO,
3aTHM 1519. ro,nHHe rrOCAaIlle C CPAOTOM AH,nPHjy UpHje­ sume3 c Pooa,
BHha,na rrpoTjepa [HBaHoBu:a] JaHau:a, BHTe3a C Po,na KOjH npempnu
HM 3(1AaBaIlle M)'Ke y .ny6pOBa'IKOM rrpHMopjy. ~6pOB­ nopru 00
oy6posat{1CUX
'IaHHH ra ,noCTHrHY H3BaH rro,npyqja y oBAaIllhea.y Po,na, zaJluja u
rroTyqe ra H 0.ny3e MY)KHBOT. yMpe.
Y paT)' H3Meuy TypaKa H MAe'IaHa, ~pOB'IaHH ce
1539. ro,nHHe CTaBHIlle y CA)')K6y CBOjHX caBe3HHKa C 6poj­ EpojHe oy6po­
sat{lCe Jlaoe
HHM AauaMa H rrOKa3aIlle BeAHK)' xpa6pocT y 6HU:H KO,n npumelCHy
TIpeBeca. Y 6HU:H KO,n rep6Hja ro,nHHe 1559. BeAHK 6poj y nOMon
.ny6pOBa'IKHX Aaua rrpHTeKHY y rroMoh KaTOAH'IKOM KPaJby. lCamOJlut{ICOM
rO,nHHe 1566, Ka,na y ~6pOBHHK)' KHe3 6HjaIlle TIeTap ICpa.1bY·
JaKOBlheB AYKapHh, cpAoTa TypCKor KPaJba CYAejMaHa
ca,TaBlheHa o,n 120 raAHja CTH)Ke CBe ,no rro,n 3H,nHHe
~6poBHHKa, a rpabaHH ce, cyMa.ajyhH Ha HeK)' rrpeBapy
BapBapa, Haop)')KaIlle 3a 06paHY. rO,nHHe 1590. EHexaH, 4y6pos4.aHU
xpa6po 006ujy
CaHI,IaK-6er TypCKor cYATaHa MypaTa, C BeAHKHM 6pojeM caHj,LaIC-6eza
CBOjHX lhy,nH CTH)Ke Ha .ny6pOBa'IKe rpaHHu:e HaCTojehH EHexaHa.
y3aAy,nHHM H HeYTeMelheHHM 3axTeBHMa rrpHcBojHTH a.H­
XOBY KOHaBocK)' )K)'rraHHjy. Ho ~6pOB'IaHH HarrpOTHB
OK)'rrHIlle MHOIIITBO lhy,nH H rrOCTaBHIlle 3a 3arrOBe,nHHKe 194
BaAeHTHHa OpcaToBa 1)YPueBHha, JyHHja BepHap,noBa
UpHjeBHha H HHKOAY Ce6aCTHjaHoBa MeH'IeTHha, CBe pe­
,nOM ,nOCTojaHcTBeHe ceHaTope H M)')KeBe BeAHKe My,npOC­
TH. TIoHeIlle ce OHH y TOM rro.nyxBaTY TaKO ,na C 'IHTaBOr
.ny6pOBa'IKOr rro,npyqja HCTepaIlle EHexaHa H oCA060,nHIlle
cTpaxa rp(1A ~6pOBHHK. Y rrpOIIIAOCTH Taj rpa,n, rOTOBO o,n 4y6poSHUIC
caMor CBor YTeMelhea.a, 6ejaIlle )'TO'IHIIITe HecpehHHU:HMa, ym04.uw.me
CMpmHUlJlLMa .
Te H a.eMY rrpHAH'IH (KaKO H3AO)KH TIaoAo AHueAO, ,npa'IKH
H(1A6HCK)'rr, KO,n MapHHa BapAeTHja) OHO IIITO 6H pe'IeHO
3a PHM, TO jecT ,na 6ejaIIIe 3aKAOH H ,nOMOBHHa CMpTHHKa.
MaKO 6H ce OB,ne MorAO rrp)')KHTH 6e36poj rrpHMepa TOMe y
MH02U
rrpHAor, ja hy HX HrraK, KaKO He 6HX ,nOC(1AHO 'IHTaou:y, Kpa.1besu u
HaBeCTH TeK HeKOAHKO. TIPBH, KOAHKO ja 3HaM, 6H CHABeC­ ICHe.JK:eeu
Tap, CHH ,naAMaTHHCKor KPaJba TIpeAeMHpa; 6e)KehH 3aje,n­ npoHaoy
HO C MajKoM rrpe,n rHeBOM rro,naHHKa, rrpOHaue crrac y ~­ ymot{uw.me y
4y6poSHUlCy.
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CBOjHM KpaJbeBCTBOM y3 rroMoh ~6pOB'IaHa KojHMa rrpo,na
TpH OCTpBa Koja TIAHHHje Ha3HBa EAacpHTHMa, O,nHOCHO
CHrraH, Aorry,n H KOAO'Ierr. HaKOH Tora, ro,nHHe 1075. y
~6pOBHHK)' rrpoHauoIlle crrac ,neu:a BpaHHcAaBoBa, KaKO
273

6H H36erAa CpI,I6H CBora pouaKa KPaJha Eo,n:HHa, a 1161.
rropo,n:m.I:a HeMalbHha rrporHa H3 ,n:p:>KaBe Pa,n:ocAaBa, KHe­
3a 3eTe, 'IHja ce 6pana CKAOHHIIle Y JlJr6POBHHK. TIOTOM,
ro,n:HHe 1310, HaKOH CMpTH 6ocaHcKor KPaJha CTjerraHa
KOjH Y TO BpeMe HMa,n:e HaCAOB KHe3a, ,n:eu:a lberOBa 6exy
OTepaHa o,n: KYhe, a HajcTapHjH rro HMeHY CTjerraH C MaKOM
y13a6eAoM rrpOHaue yTO'IHIIlTe Y JlJr6pOBHHKY, r,n:e 6H OT­
xpalbeH H rro.n:yqeH rp'IKOM H AaTHHCKOM, ,n:a 6H ce 3aTHM
3axBaJhyjyhH JlJr6pOB'IaHHMa BpaTHO y KpaJheBHHY CBOjy
EOCHY H rrpo,n:ao HM 1333. CTOH C PTOM TIoHTa [TIYHTa].
fo,n:HHe 1359. rro6e:>Ke Y JlJr6pOBHHK ,lla6HIIla, 6paT 6ocaH­
CKor KPaJha TBpTKa, 3aje,n:Ho C 6pOjHHM TaMOIIllbHM rrAeMH­
hHMa, a JlJr6pOB'IaHH rrOTOM H3MOAHIIle o,n: TBpTKa MHAOCT
3a lbHX.
Ka,n: 1396. u:ap H KpaJh yrapcKH )KHrMYH,n: 6H HaTepaH
y 6eKCTBo HaKOH rropa3a y 60jy C TypCKHM KpaJheM
Eaja3HToM KO,n: HHKorrolba, CKAOHH ce y JlJr6pOBHHK, Te
.n:y6pOBa'IKOM KHe3Y ,n:o,n:eAH HaCAOB BHTe3a yrapcKor Kpa­
lba. JlJr6pOB'IaHH ra 3aTHM o,n:Be,n:OIIle y lllH6eHHK CBOjHM
raAHjaMa KojHMa 3arrOBHe,n:aIIle BOA'IO BAaxOB Eo6aJheBHh,
y TO BpeMe ,n:OCTojaHcTBeHH ceHaTOp H MJ)K HCKYcaH H
BH'IaH BOjHH'IKOM 3Balby. Cp'IaHOCT lberOBa H BeAHKa
MY,n:POCT H3a3BaIIle ,n:HBlbelbe )KHrMYH,n:OBO, Te My u:ap H
KpaJh yrryTH yqeCTaAe rr03HBe ,n:a rroue C lbHM Y YrapcKY, HO
Eo6aJheBHh TO o,n:6H y3 H3BHlbelbe 360r CBOjHX rroo,n:MaKAHX
ro,n:HHa. CprrCKH ,n:ecrroT 1)ypaU 1440. ro,n:HHe rro6e:>Ke
je,n:HoM .n:y6pOBa'IKOM raAHjoM H3 Eapa y JlJr6pOBHHK, rra
195 HaKO M ypaT 3aTpa:>KH o,n:!--'Vn.,6 pOB'IaHa ,n:a MY ra rrpe,n:aJY,
. y rrpHcycTBy KHe3a JYHHja Eo6aJheBHha, MY:>Ka BeAHKa
HcrrpBa MaMehH HX o6ehalbHMa, Ha Koja ce 3aTHM
Ha,n:OBe3aIIle H CHAHe rrpeTlbe, .n:y6pOBa'IKH ceHaT crraCH
1)ypua H rrOCAa ra rrOTOM y YrapcKY He 6H AH rrOHOBHO 3a­
,n:06HO BAaCT Ha,n: CBOjOM ,n:p:>KaBoM.
Y 6eKCTBY rrpe,n: CTjerraHoM KOCa'IOM lberoB ce CHH
BAa,n:HcAaB 1451. ro,n:HHe CKAOHH y JlJr6pOBHHK, r,n:e 'IeTH­
pH ro,n:HHe KacHHje, rrpOTepaH o,n: TypaKa, CTH:>Ke H TOMO
TIaAeOAOr, ,n:ecrroT MarHe3Hje. Ka,n: 1462. rrarra TIHO II. TIpo­
Tepa CHrHCMOH,n:a MaAaTecTy, oBaj ce CKAOHH y JlJr6POB­
HHK. )KeAehH ,n:a o,n:e Ha HCTOK, He 6H AH TypCKO opJ)Kje
rrpeHeo y HTaAHjy, JlJr6pOB'IaHH ra 3a,n:p:>KaIIle H rrOCTaBH­
IIle ra 3a BpXOBHor 3arrOBe,n:HHKa y CBOjOj ,n:p:>KaBH. fO,n:HHY
,n:aHa HaKOH Tora TYPU:H 3aY3eIIle KpaJheBHHY EOCHY, Te
KaTapHHa Koca'Ia, :>KeHa 6HBIIler 60caHCKor KPaJha TOMa­
IIla, rro6e:>Ke y JlJr6pOBHHK H o,n:e rrOTOM y PHM.
TIpeKo CaHI,IaKa XecH6era TyP'IHH Eaja3HT 1483. rrpo­
rHa H3 ,n:p:>KaBe BAa,n:HcAaBa H BAaTKa, KOCa'IHHe CHHOBe
KOjH rrpoHauoIIle crrac y JlJr6pOBHHKY, r,n:e HM 6eIIle rrpy­
:>KeHa BeAHKa rroMoh. HaKOH Tora ro,n:HHe 1512. qmpeH­
THHCKH rrorAaBap TIjeTpo Co,n:epHHH rro6e:>Ke y JlJr6pOBHHK
274
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H yrrpKoc yqeCTaAHM 3axTjeBHMa rrarre JYAHja II. ,n:a Co­
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ro,n:HHa KacHHje, Ka,n: TyPCKH KPaJh Eaja3HT rrory6H U:pHO­
ropcKor BOjBO.n:y HBaHa UpHojeBHha, lberOB ce 6paT 1)ypa u
CKAOHH y JlJr6pOBHHK, r,n:e CTH:>Ke rrOTOM H CTpHU: My CTe­
cpaH. EojehH ce ,n:a 6H HX JlJr6pOB'IaHH MorAH rrpe,n:aTH Typ­
U:HMa, UpHojeBHhH XTe,n:OIIle TajHo rro6ehH H3 rpa,n:a, HO He
6H HM ,n:orrYIIlTeHO OTHhH CBe ,n:OK cy 3a,n:OBOlbHH CBOjHM
,n:oMahHHHMa. JlJr6pOB'IaHH 3aTHM 1570. crraCHIIle MAe­ 4y6poettaHU
Ta'IKY raAHjy HMeHa TpoHa rrpHMHBIIlH je y CBOjy AYKY Ka,n: cnaculUe
MJlema1{KY
6ejaIIle rrporolbeHa raAHjaMa TypcKor 3arrOBe,n:HHKa Kapa­
ZQJLujy.
X03a. YMHpHIIle 3aTHM rroBehoM CBOTOM HOBu:a HaBe,n:eHor
Kapaxo3a KOjH je Hajrrpe rrpeTHo ,n:a he 3a o,n:Ma3.n:y pa30­
pHTH 'IHTaBY .n:y6pOBa'IKY ,n:P:>KaBY, KaKO rrHIIle TIjeTpo
EHu:apH y 2. KlbH3H. KOHa'IHO ro,n:HHe 1575. TyPCKH u:ap,
HaKOH IIlTO lllrraHU:H 6ejaxy rropa3HAH lberoBY CPAOTy, rro­
:>Kelbe BpaTHTH y ,n:OMOBHHY HeKOAHKO CBOjHX caHI,IaK-6e­
rOBa H ,n:pyrHX BeAHKo,n:ocTojHHKa, a lllrraHU:H cy HCTO TaKO
:>KeAeAH oCAo6o,n:HTH TypcKor 3aTO'IeHHIIlTBa OKO 60 XPHIIl­
haHcKHx IIAeMHha H yrAe,n:HHx lby,n:H 3apo6lbeHHx rrpHAH­
KOM 3aY3HMalba je,n:Hor lbHXOBa je,n:pelbaKa, a Meuy KojHMa
6ejaIIle H fa6pHo l..Jep6eAoHe H3 MHAaHa. OMyqHIIle Ta,n:a
o6e cTpaHe (6y.n:yhH ,n:a He 6ejaIIle ,n:pyror MeCTa r,n:e 6H ce
TaKO 3ro,n:HO H C o6oCTpaHoM cmypHoIIlhy MorAa H3BpIIlH­
TH Ta XBaAe Bpe,n:Ha pa3MeHa) ,n:a he ce cycpeCTH y JlJr6POB­
HHKY Kao cmYPHoj AYU:H. ,lloBe,n:oIIle ,n:aKAe rroMeHYTe 3a­ 196
po6lbeHHKe H CMeCTHIIle ce ycpe,n: ,n:BopaHe rpa,n:cKor Beha
yrAe,n:a H HCKYCHor ,n:p:>KaBHHKa. 3aTO'IeHHU:H rrOHOBHO CTe­
KOIIle :>KYUeHY cAo6o.n:y 3axBaJhyjyhH TOM CBeTOM ceHaTy
KOjH CBaKO o,n: lbHX He rrpeCTa 3aTHM XBaAHTH 360r rrpy­
'< :>KeHe HM pa,n:OCTH. CBe IIlTO je ,n:oca,n: pe'IeHO 6Hhe ,n:o­
BOlbHO ,n:a ce rrOKa:>Ke KaKO je rpa,n: JlJr6pOBHHK o.n:yseK 6HO
YTO'IHIIlTeM HecpehHHM CMPTHHU:HMa 3a 'IHjy je ,n:06po6HT
'IeCTO ,n:OBeo y orraCHOCT H BAaCTHTy cmypHoCT. Jly6POB­
'IaHH cy ce CBar,n:a y TOMe rrOKa3aAH lby,n:HMa IIlHpOKa cp­
u:a, a IIlTaBHIIle He caMO y TOMe Hero H y CBeMY OCTaAOM
'IHMe rpa,n:OBH 06H'IHO CTHqy TaKO ,n:06ap rAac. KaKO y
rrpOIIlAHM BpeMeHHMa, TaKO ce H y ,n:aHaIIllbe ,n:06a MO:>Ke
BH,n:eTH ,n:a cy, 'IeMY ro,n: ,n:a cy ce rrOCBeTHAH, 6HAa TO 4y6pooa1{KU
paTHa BeIIlTHHa HAH HaYKa H KlbH:>KeBHOCT (a TO cy rAaBHa My:JICeeu
,n:Ba rro,n:pyqja Koja 06H'IHO ,n:OHoce CAaBY rpa,n:OBHMa), rro­ npoCJtaflJbeHU
pamHOM
CTHrAH 3a,n:HBlbyjyhH ycrrex. TIpehYTKYjyhH HMeHa MHorHX
eelUmUHOM.
.n:y6pOBa'IKHX MJ)KeBa ycrreIIlHHX paTHHKa, rrpo36opHhy
TeK 0 HeKOAHKO lbHX. TIpBH je y TOM HH3Y BHTO Eo6aJhe­ Bumo
BHh, KOjH 887. ro,n:HHe Kao 3arrOBe,n:HHK HeKOAHKO HepeT­ Bo6l1.1beeun..
BlbaHCKHX Aaua ,n:oue Ha rAac rroTyKaBIIlH MAeTa'IKY CPAOTY,
KOjOM rrpHAHKOM H3ry6H :>KHBOT .n:Y:>K,n: TIeTap KaH,n:HaHo.
275

HaHMe, 6AaroBpeMeHH ,n:OAa3aK lherOB H lheroBHx AaOa
6ejaIlle rrpecy.n:aH 3a TaKO cjajHY rr06e.n:y HepeTBIbaHa Ha,I:J:
Muxo
HerrpHjaTeIbeM. YCAe.n:HIlle 3aTHM MHXO H HHKOAa B06a­
B06Wbeeuh.
.
IbeBHn, o.n: KOJHX rrpBH 1160. rro 6 e.n:H y 6 HIJ.H KO.n: Tpe 6 Hlha
HwcOJW
KpaIba BopHna, Ta,I:J:a 3BaHor 60caHcKHM 6aHoM, Te OCAO­
B06Wbeeuh.
60.n:H .n:OMOBHHY MHorHX MyKa. .llpyrH rraK rroTyqe paIllKor
BOjBO.n:y HeMalhY. HaKoH IhHX 6ejaIlle Ty MapHH PeCTHn
MapuH Pecuh.
. 6
KOJH, rrOCAaH o.n: .n:y pOBaqKOr ceHaTa y rroxo.n: C HeKOAHKO
raAHja, rrpoTepa BojHe rroca.n:e BOjBo.n:e XpBoja C XBapa,
Mamuja U
Bpaqa, KOpqYAe H BHca. CAe.n:e 3aTHM MaTHja H MapHH
MapuH
1)ypoeBHn, KOjH CBOjOM xpa6poIllny rrpOCAaBHIlle KaKO
1JypOeeuh.
BAaCTHTO HMe, TaKO H HMe .n:OMOBHHe; MaTHja y paTOBHMa
1)eHoBIbaHa H MAeqaHa, a MapHH y 3aje.n:HHqKOM rro.n:yxBa­
Ty C MaTHjoM rrpOTHB rycapa y CApK6H BOjBo.n:e AIDKYj­
Mamuja u
CKor. MaTHja H HBaH i\YKapHn CTeKOIlle TaKOOe paTHOM
HeaH
BeIllTHHOM BeqHO CAaBHO HMe H rro.n:apHIlle cjaj H CAaBY
lIyICapuh.
.n:OMOBHHH. C 063HpOM Ha BeAHKe BojHe ycrrexe 060jHIJ.e,
IJ.ap H KpaIb YrapCKe )KHrMYH.n: rrOCTaBH MaTHjy 3a 6aHa
.llaAMaIJ.Hje H XpBaTCKe, Te ra yrapcKH rrAeMHnH (KaKO rrH­
Ille BOHCimHH y 4. KlhH3H III. .lleKa,I:J:e) rrocAawe y rrpaTlhH
6HCKYrra KHHHCKor, BojBo.n:HHor CHHa XeHpHKa Map­
197 IJ.eAHHa H BAa,I:J:HCAaBa TIaAOqOKa, HajHCTaKHYTHjHX Iby.n:H Y
TOM KpaIbeBCTBY, .n:a .n:OBe.n:e y YrapcKY i\a.n:HCAaBa, Ka­
3HMHpOBor 6paTa H rrOIbCKor KpaIba. MaTHjHH 6paT HBaH
6H HMeHOBaH rrpHopOM BpaHCKHM, a Ka,I:J: My 6H .n:o.n:eIbeHa
yrrpaBa Ha,I:J: Beorpa.n:OM, y 06paHH rrpoTHB TypaKa, KaKO
ce.n:OqH BOHcPHHH, CTeqe 6eCMpTHO HMe. qHHH MH ce .n:a HH
BOJl'iO
BOAqO BAaxOB B06aIbeBHn He 3aCApKyje .n:a 6y.n:e rrpeny-
B06Wbeeuh.
TaH. Y BpeMe paTa .lly6pOBqaHa C 60caHCKHM KpaIbeM Oc­
TOjOM, ceHaT ra rrOCAa C rreT raAHja rrpOTHB HerrpHjaTeIba, a
OH CrraAH HepeTBIbaHCKO TprOBHIllTe ca CBHM OKOAHHM
MeCTHMa H .n:OCTOjHO ce OCBeTH rrpOTHBHHIJ.HMa. KOHaqHO,
y HaIlle BpeMe rrpOCAaBH cBoje BAaCTHTO H HMe .n:OMOBHHe
I1lUMYH
yjaK MOj lIlHMYH <PAOPHO, KOjH rrp060paBH TpH.n:eceT H
<P.rwpuo.
IlleCT ro.n:HHa y <ppaHu.yCKoj y CApK6H lhe3HHHX KpaIbeBa, a
ycrrecH lherOBH y paTy 6ejaxy TaKEH .n:a ra BOjBo.n:a o.n:
AAeHCOHa XTe.n:e HMaTH YBeK y3 ce6e, a XeHpHK H 6paT
lheroB KapAO KpaIb <ppaHu.yCKe rrOBepHIlle My BpAO IJ.elheHe
.n:)'2KHOCTH. H3 Tor pa3Aora H3BPCHH rreCHHK .llH.n:aK TIHP
OBaKO Ha je.n:HOM MeCTY rrp0360pH 0 lheMY:
Y 60jy fieycmpawue, n06eOOfiocfiU eOJKO,
113 opee1iOcmu npucmUJICe 4JJl.Opuyc 11Jl.upuj
HHKa, qHjH 06HM H3HOCH OKO rre.n:eceT MHIba. To je OCTPBO
11 laJl.uja y cypoeoj 200UfiU
Koje 06HAyje CBaKHM 6AaroM IllTO ra 3eMIba .n:aje, TO jeCT
£(06u nOOpw1\.y MYJKeeCmea H:>e20e02.
BHHOM, YIbeM, :>KHTOM H CBHM BpCTaMa IIAo.n:OBa. CTaHOB­
He Y3MalhKaIlle rpa.n:y .lly6pOBHHKY HH OHH KOjH My
C.naeHu
rro.n:apHIlle cjaj Ha rro.n:pyqjy HaYKe H KlhH:>KeBHOCTH. BeIlle
HaY'iHUlJ u .
t;
MelJY IhHMa H Kap.n:HHaA T.l ¥lBaH C '
TOJKOBHn ,MpK BHIlle HO
276
r
yqeH H BHqaH CBHM rpaHaMa HaYKe, 0 KOMe MHHHCTep y HeaH
OrrHCY Ba3eAa OBaKO roBOPH: Y BaCeAY ce MO:>Ke BH.n:eTH CmojlCoeuh
(Ka:>Ke OH) rp06 .n:y6pOBaqKOr Kap.n:HHaAa HBaHa TeOAOra, ICapouHa.n
rr03HaTor H rro 3a.n:)'2K6HHH KOjOM HaM TeCTaMeHTOM OCTaB­
oy6poea'ilCU.
H.nuja
Iba KlhHre Ha rpqKOM rrHcaHe PYKOM. Bejaxy Ty 3aTHM HAH­ llpujeeuh.
ja UpHjeBHn, H3BaHpe.n:aH rreCHHK H HBaH fyqeTHn, BpAO HeaH
BeIllT rOBopHHK; 060jHu.y crrOMHlhe Ca6eAHKO y 8. KlhH3H Ty'iemuh.
Jypaj BeHWbO
10. EHea.n:e. YqeH qOBeK 6ejaIlle H Jypaj BeHHn BeHHlho H3 U3 peoa Ma.ne
pe.n:a MaAe 6pane, KOjH OCTaBH H3a ce6e HeKOAHKO IllTaM­ 6pane.
rraHHX TeOAOIllKHX .n:eAa. H3BpcTaH rreCHHK Ha AaTHHCKOM
JaICoe BYHUh.
JaKoB BYHHn caCTaBH KlhHry H KpacaH crreB 0 :>KHBOTy
Mamuja
focrro.n:a HaIllera. MaTHja B06aIbeBHn MpK je KOjH 360r B06Wbeeuh.
peTKHx CBOjHX BpAHHa HHKa,I:J:a HHje .n:OBOIbHO XBaIbeH, jep
(y3 .n:pyra cBoja qy.n:ecHa 3Halha) 6ejaIlle O)1.AHqaH H yqeH
rr03HaBaAaIJ. rpqKOr je3HKa, C Kora rrpeBe.n:e Ha AaTHHCKH
ca6paHa .n:eAa CBeTor BaCHAHja BpAO jacHHM CTHAOM KOMe
yqelhaIJ.H HCKa3aIlle cBoje .n:HBIbelhe, a Taj ce lherOB rrpeBo.n:
.n:aHac HaAa3H y 6H6AHOTeIJ.H 6eHe.n:HKTHHcKor MaHacTHpa Ca60
(caMoCTaHa) CB. JaKOB a KO.n: .lly6poBHHKa. Ca6HH Cop.n:o B06Wbeeuh.
198
[Ca6HH B06aIbeBHn MHIlleTHn], TaKooe H3 rropo.n:HIJ.e Bo­
6aIbeBHn, H3BpCTaH rreCHHK Ha HTaAHjaHcKoM je3HKY, aAH
H Ha CAOBeHCKOM, 06jaBH HeKOAHKO CBOjHX .n:eAa rrHcaHHX K.ne.MeHm
HTaAHjaHcKHM je3HKOM. KAeMeHT PalhHHa, BeAHKH rr03Ha­ PafbuHa.
BaAaIJ. CBeTora rrHCMa, 06jaBH .n:eo CBOjHX rrporrOBe.n:H Koje )!UHICO
HayqHHIJ.H BHCOKO IJ.eHe. TpeHYTHO je HaCAe.n:HHK HCTe Te PafbuHa,
rropo.n:HIJ.e .llHHKO PalhHHa, BHTe3 pe.n:a CB. CTecPaHa H eume3peoa
CAaBaH rreCHHK KOjH rrHIlle KaKO Ha HTaAHjaHcKoM, TaKO H Ce. CmecjJaHa.
Ha CAOBeHCKOM je3HKY. CAaBa rrpaTH TaKooe H HHKOAY fy­ HUICO.naTy­
IJ.Hna-fyqeTHna, BeAHKor HayqHHKa KOjH je .n:o .n:aHaIlllhera lJuh-Ty'ieeuh.
.n:aHa Ben HarrHcao H 06jaBHo BHIlle .n:eAa, KaKO Ha AaTHH­
CKOM, TaKO H Ha Hapo.n:HOM TOCKaHCKOM je3HKY. Ho Heny
< .n:aIbe rrHcaTH 0 HCTOM rrpe.n:MeTY, jep rrpeBHIlle 6HX O.n:)'2KHO
Ka,I:J:a 6HX XTeo HaBeCTH CBe HayqHHKe H Klhlf)KeBHHKe Koje
je .n:ao .lly6POBHHK. TIo.n:pyqje Tora rpa.n:a (rrpeMa orrIllTe
rrPHXBaneHOM MHIllIbelhY) rrpOCTHpe ce .n:)'2KHHOM o.n: OKO
CTOTHHY TpH.n:eceT H rreT MHIba, .n:OK je rro IllHpHHH BpAO yc­
KO, a H3Meoy OCTaAHX 06YXBaTa H CTOH, rpa.n: KOjH 3aCH­
ryPHO He 3aCApKyje rrpe3Hp. O.n: o.n:peOeHe cy Ba:>KHOCTH H
HeKa OCTpBa Koja rrOTrra,I:J:ajy rro.n: .lly6POBHHK, a TO cy
i\acToBo, MIbeT, lIlHrraH, i\orry.n: H KOAOqerr. i\acToBo ce Ha­ Ocmpeo
Aa3H Ha y.n:aIbeHOCTH o.n: OKO CTOTHHY MHIba o.n: .lly6POB­ lIacmoeo.
)!y6pOe'iaHU
ICyne ocmpeo
HHIJ.H cy lheroBH :>KeCTOKH H KpyrrHH MpKeBH, a H :>KeHe cy lIacmoeo
HCTO TaKO CpqaHe H CBHKHYTe HarropHMa. .lly6pOBqaHH KY­ 00 KpWba
Kpana.na.
rrHIlle TO OCTPBO o.n: :>KYrraHa CTecPaHa rrpe3HMeHOM Kpa­
rraAa, KOjH 3aTHM 6H OKpYlheH 3a KpaIba PaIllKe. OCTaIlle
277
 r"

jaBHoj AHU:HTaU:HjH. Ha MlbeT)' ce rrpOH3Bo,.a:H MHoro BHHa,

HajBHllIe u:pHor H BpAO jaKor, ,.a:OK 2KeTBa He ,.a:aje ,.a:OBOlbHO
yseK C H>HM Y OAHCKOM rrpHjaTelbCTBY, KaO IlITO heMo He­
2KHTa. Ha jY2KHOj crpaHH OCTpBa HaAa3H ce je3epo C MOp­
IlITO ,.a:albe pehH Y H>eroBoj oHorpaqmjH. AacToBlbaHH Onuc
CKOM BO,.a:OM, .n:yra"lKO OKO ,.a:Be MHlbe H IlIHPOKO MaH>e o,.a: M'lbemCKOZ
OCTallie rro,.a: .n:yOpOBa"lKOM BAallihy CBe ,.a:o ro,.a:HHe 1308. Y
je,.a:He MHlbe, a YKYrraH MY OOHM H3HOCH ce,.a:aM MHlba. Mope jesepa..
TO BpeMe PalliKOM BAa,.a:allIe Kpalb YpOIlI, OTau: palliKor u:a­
YAa3H y je3epo Kp03 rrpOAa3 TaKO y3aK ,.a:a oHY,.a:a je.n:aa
pa CTecPaHa, KOMe ce HeKOAHKO rrAeMHha Tora KpalbeBCTBa
rrpoAa3e "laK H MaAe oapKe, rra KaA MlbehaHH rrocpe,.a: H>era
oopaTH C orrTY2KOOM ,.a:a LIyopOB"laHH ,.a:p2Ke y CBOjOj BAaCTH
rrOCTaBe rAOMa3He AaHu:e, 3arrpe"le rrpoAa3 H THM caCBHM
OCTPBO K~e OH 3arrpaBO Tpeoao rrpHrraAaTH KpalbeBHHH
MaAHM IIAOBHAHMa. ,llHBHO je TO je3epo ca CBHX CTpaHa
PalliKoj, a Koje cy OBH OTKYIIHAH 3a Oe,.a:HY CBOTY. YpOIli Ha
OKpY2KeHO 60pOBHMa, xpaCTOBHMa H ,.a:pyrHM ,.a:pBeheM Koje
TO CMeCTa rropY"lH LIyopOB"laHHMa ,.a:a y HaAOAa3ehHM Bpe­
paCTe TaKO 6AH3Y BO,.a:H ,.a:a He CaMO ,.a:a rrpY2Ka XAa,.a: AeTH
MeHHMa Mopajy H>eMY rrperryCTHTH BAaCT HaA THM OCTp­ 200
llIeTa"lY Hero ce, IlITaBHllIe, "leCTO MOry OH,.a:e rrpoHahH Ka­
BOM, jep CMarpallie ra OH CBOjHM BAaCHHIlITBOM. LIy0POB­
MeHHu:e rrpHAeIIlbeHe 0 3eAeHe rpaHe HarHYTe HaA BO,.a:OM.
"laHH My Mel)YTHM O,.a:roBopHllIe ,.a:a H He rroMHllIlbajy Y"lH­
Je3epo je, HaHMe, CTaHHIlITe pa3HOBpCHHX MOPCKHX IlIKOlb­
HHTH TO, C 003HPOM Ha TO ,.a:a OCTPBO oejallie rrOCTaAO H>H­
KH H ooraTo PHOOM, HajBHllIe opaAaMa H TpHlbaMa Koje Be­
XOBO 3aKOHHTO BAaCHHIlITBO rrOCAe KYrrOBHHe o,.a: H>eroBor
AH"lHHOM HaAMaIIIYjy OHe Koje ce AOBe Ha ,.a:pyrHM Mec­
OHBllIer rocrro,.a:apa Kpalba KparraAe. CHAHO Cp,.a:HT Ha LIy­
THMa. Y je,.a:Hoj yBaAH Ha je3epy Y3,.a:H2Ke ce MaAH XPHA Ha
199 6pOB"laHe, YpOIli TajHo rrOCAa cBoje lby,.a:e ,.a:a rro,.a:CTaKHY
KOMe je H3rpal)eHa rrpe"laCHa orraTHja ca caMOCTaHOM pe,.a:a
AaCTOBlbaHe Ha 6YHY, o6ehaBajyhH HM CBaKOBpCHe rro­
CBeTor EeHe,.a:HKTa KOjH CTOjH Ha "leAY opaTCTBa Tora
BAaCTHu:e H CAo6o.n:y, Kao H ,.a:a he palliKH KpalbeBH OTa,.a: rra
pe,.a:OBHH"lKor pe,.a:a rro H>eMY Ha3BaHor MlbeTCKHM H r,.a:e
y6y.n:yhe CTaTH y H>HXOBY o,.a:6paHY rrpe,.a: OHAO KOjHM HerrpH­
caM ja rrOCTao pe,.a:OBHHK. Y MlbeTCKOM 6paTCTBY o.n:yBeK
jaTelbeM. He pa3MHllIlbajyhH rrpeBHllIe, AaCTOBlbaHH rrpH­
6ejallie BeAHKHX HaY"lHHKa, Mel)y KojHMa H ,.a:OH MaKapHje
XBaTHllIe paIIIKe rroHy,.a:e H o,.a:u:errHllIe ce o,.a: LIy6pOB"laHa.
EOOalbeBHh; OCHM IlITO oecrrpeKopHollihy CBora 2KHBlbeH>a
KaA OBH TO ,.a:O"lYllIe, CTaAOllie CMeCTa rrpHrrpeMaTH 6po­
oejallie 3aCAY2KHO rrpOpO"lKH ,.a:ap, oejallie H O,.a:AH"laH rro­
,.a:OBe H rrOCaAe 3a rroBpaTaK AaCToBa. Ho YpOIli rrpHMH
3HaBaAaU: CBeTora rrHCMa. YCAe,.a:HllIe 3aTHM XPH30CTOM
BeCTH 0 TOMe, Te HM rropY"lH ,.a:a O.n:yCTaHY o,.a: Tor rro.n:yxsa­
KaABHH, BeAHKH rr03HaBaAau: xeopejcKor, rp"lKOr H AaTHH­
Ta, jep he OH HHa"le HaA02KHTH ,.a:a "lHTaBa H>HXOBa ,.a:p2KaBa
CKor je3HKa, KOjH rrOCTaAe H .n:yOpOBa"lKH Ha,.a:OHCKYrr; 3a­
oy,.a:e CrralbeHa H YHHIlITeHa, IlITO cpehoM HarHa LIy6POB­
THM Ea3HAHje fpaAHh, rra CTOHCKH OHCKYrr ,.a:OH HBaH 1}yp­
"laHe ,.a:a o.n:yCTaHY o,.a: ,.a:albH>HX KopaKa. He rrpol)e MHoro
l)eBHh, TpeHYTHO orraT H CTapellIHHa rrOMeHYTor opaTCTBa,
BpeMeHa, KaA CKAOrrHllIe MHp C palliKHM KpalbeM, a OH ce
Te Ha Kpajy ,.a:OH EeHe,.a:HKT MeH"leTHh H ,.a:OH KOpHeAHje
o,.a:peKHY y H>HXOBY KOPHCT CBHX rrpaBa Koja rrOAaraIIIe Ha
cppaH"leCKH, CBe caMH Y"leHH lby,.a:H H je,.a:HaKO TaKO rr03Ha­
OCTPBOK AaCTOBo, rrperryCTHBIlIH TaKol)e .n:yopOBa"lKOM ce-,
BaOU:H MHorHX je3HKa. Ty cy, HaAalbe, ,.a:OH MaBpo BeTpa­
HaT)' TaMOIlIH>e rrY"laHCTBO. KaA OBH rrOCAe,.a:H>H CXBaTHnIe'
HOBHh, H3BaHpe,.a:aH rreCHHK Ha CAOBeHCKOM je3HKY H ,.a:OH
,.a:a cy HX PallIaHH H3,.a:aAH, ,.a:OroBOPHO rrOCAallie cBoje H3a­
Ey3eoHje Kaoora, KOjH Ha AaTHHCKOM HaIIHCa LIyopOBa"lKH
CAaHHKe y LIy6pOBHHK C MOA6oM ,.a:a HM rrorpelliKa KOjy
AeTorrHC H OHorpacPHje rrpBOCBeheHHX lby,.a:H Tora rpaAa, HO
roTOBO CHAOM 6ejaxy rrO"lHHHAH oy,.a:e orrpOIliTeHa H ,.a:a 6y.n:y
CMpT ra Crrpe"lH OOjaBHTH HX, HaKO HX cpehOM rrpe,.a:aAe y
rrOHOBHO rrpHXBaheHH Kao BepHH H o,.a:aHH rro,.a:aHHU:H, y3
PYRe MOHCHH>0PY XPH30CTOMY PaH>HHH, TpeHyTHo CTOH­
o6ehaH>e ,.a:a he LIyopOBa"lKoj Perry6AHU:H yseK TaKBHMa H
CKOM OHCKYrry, a rrpe Tora pe,.a:OBHHKY crrOMeHyTora MlbeT­
OCTaTH. Perry6AHKa BpAO lbyoa3Ho rrpHMH AaCTOBCKO H3a­
CKor OpaTCTBa. BpahajyhH ce MlbeTCKOM je3epy, crrOMe­
CAaHCTBO H rroTBp,.a:H K TOMe H rrpOIlIHpH HeKe H>HXOBe rro­
HHMO H TO ,.a:a y H>era KaTKaA yl)y MopCKe Me,.a:Be,.a:Hu:e Koje
BAaCTHu:e. MlbeT, y ,.a:aBHHHH 3BaH MeAHTa H MeAHreHa, .n:y-
Mibem. YHHIliTe MHOro pHoe, aAH KaA 3aTHM 2KeAe H3ahH H3 je3epa
2KHHe o,.a: OKO TpH,.a:eceT MHlba H OOHMa o,.a: llIe3,.a:eceT, y,.a:a­
Ha IIY"lHHY, pHoapH y OHOM TeCHauy Kp03 KOjH Mopajy rrpo­
lbeH je o,.a: LIyopoBHHKa OKO TpH,.a:eceT MHlba. Y rrpOIliAOCTH
hH pa3arrHY BeAHKe Mpe2Ke, rra Ka,.a: Me,.a:Be,.a:Hu:e yrraAHY y
HaA THM OCTPBOM (KaKO rrpHrrOBe,.a:a ArrHjaH H3 AAeKcaH­
Mpe2Ke H KaA pHoapH y,.a:ape Ha H>HX, CTaHY ce OHe opa­
,.a:pHje y HAHPHKY) Y BeAHKOM CYKOOY o,.a:Hece rrooe.n:y Ue3ap
HHTH y 3aAHBlbyjyhoj OOpOH. ,llOK oopaBe y je3epy, "leCTO ce
ABryCT. HaHMe MlbehaHH xapaxy MopeM y rrlba"lKH, Te Ue­
ycrrHy Ha OOaAY H rroKa3yjy ce oe3 HMaAO cTpaxa, a rro
3ap 3a o,.a:Ma3.n:y ,.a:aAe rrOYOHjaTH OHe HajMAal)e KojHMa jOIli
HeKHM je H>HXOBHM rrOKpeTHMa H rrOTe3HMa jacHo ,.a:a pa3y­
He oejallie H3HHKAa OPaAa, a OCTaAe rrOCAa Ha rrpo,.a:ajy Ha
Mejy CBe IlITO HM ce Ka2:Ke. Ey.n:yhH,.a:a HHKa,.a:a HHcaM OHO
278 279
 r­
rrpHCYTaH H BH,nHO TO CBOjHM O'tHMa, TeIllKO MH je 6lIAO
rrOBepOBaTH,na pH6a MO)Ke pa3YMeTH IllTa joj ce Ka)Ke, HO
Ka,n CaM ce 3aTHM 3aTeKaO y HTaAHjH, Y rpa,ny ilecapy,
yBH,neo caM H H3 BAaCTHTora HCKYCTBa CXBaTHO ,naje TOMe
Tao. HaHMe ro,nHHe 1599. YAoBIheHa je KO,n faeTe je,nHa o,n
THX Me,nBe,nHu.a, Koje HeKH 30BY H TYIhaHHMa, Te je HeKO­
AHKO Meceu.H o,np)KaHa Ha )KHBOTY y CAaMH. Y caH,nyKy cy
je ca CAaMOM rrpoHHjeAH MHorHM HTaAHjaHcKHM MeCTHMa,
rra Ka,n 6H OHH KOjH cy ce 6PHHYAH 0 lbOj XTeAH rrOKa3aTH
je Ihy,nHMa, H3Ba,nHAH 6H je H3 caH,nyKa r,ne je Hony 6lIAa
3aTBopeHa H CTaBlIAH y BeAHK Ka6ao rryH Bo,ne. 3BaAH 6H
je 3aTHM rro HMeHY MapTHHo, H3BYKAH oTY,na, a OHa 6H
201 CTaAa rMH3aTH rro TAy; KaKO 6H joj Hape,nHAH, TaKO 6H ce
0KPeHYAa ca,n Ha Aelja, ca,n Ha Tp6yx, a ca,n Ha je,naH HAH
,npym 60K. Ka,n 6H joj 3aTpa)KlIAH PYKY, rrpy*HAa 6H OHa
rrpe,nlby Illarry, CAH'tHy OHOj KO,n rycKe, a Ka,n 6H je yrrH­
TaAH je AH rAa,nHa, O,nMax 6H QTBOplIAa YCTa H y,napajynH
3Y6HMa 'tHHHAO ce Kao ,na xone penH »,na« rrorAe,na yrrpTor
y rocrro,napa. OBaj 6H ce KaTKa,n rrpaBHO Kao ,na je xone
y,napHTH rrpYTOM, a OHa 6H CMeCTa HcrrYCTHAa rAac yrrpaBo
Kao ,na je rAac cp,nHTe oc06e H rrpeTBapaAa 6H ce Kao ,na ne
ra yrpHCTH. Ha Kpajy, Ka,n 6H joj peKAH ,na ce BpaTH o,na­
KAe je H3BY'-leHa, 3arryTHAa 6H ce rrpeMa OHOM Ka6AY H
rro,nHrAa ce YBHC rrorrYT 3MHje, Te 6H caMa 3apOHlIAa y
BO,ny. CBe y CBeMY, 6lIAO je rrpaBO 'ty,no BH,neTH KaKO pH6a
o,n Te BpCTe pa3YMe IllTO joj ce Ka)Ke H KaKO je rrOCAYIllHa.
Ta Me,nBe,nHu.a KOjy caM ja BH,neo y ilecapy 6lIAa je MHOro
Malba o,n OHHX Koje ce rrOHeKa,n BH,ne y MlbeTcKoM je3epy.
Y3 TO ce je3epo, Ha BpAO AerrOM MeCTY Ha CaMoj 06aAH, 3Ba­
HOM i\YKa KO,n ]lBopa, jOIll H ,naHac MOry BH,neTH oCTau.H
BlIAe ArecHAaja H3 KHAHKHje, Kora u.ap CeBepHH 6ejaIlle
rrporHao Ha MlbeT. HaHMe, HaKOH rr06e,ne Ha,n ileCKaHHjeM:,
AzeCUJtuj U3
Ku.nuKUje Ha rrpOAacKY Kp03 KlIAHKHjy u.apy y cycpeT H3aljoIlle CBH
npOZHaH Ha TaMOIlllbH rrAeMHnH H3Y3eB AreclIAaja, KOjH 3aTO 6H 3aTHM
Mlbem. rrporHaH Ha MlbeT, r,ne OCTa CBe ,nOK AHTOHHH He HaCAe,nH
CeBepHHa Ha U.aPCKOM rrpecToAy. Y rrporOHCTBY C
AreClIAajeM 6ejaIlle H CHH OrrHjaH, KOjH yrrpaBo Ha MIheTY
caCTaBH rrpeKPaCHY pacrrpaBy 0 pH60AOBY Y xeKcaMe­
Ku.nUKUja je TpHMa, rra Ka,n je rrpe,na AHTOHHHY, 3a Ty CBOjy 3acAyry
aaHac
H3,nejCTBoBa o,n u.apa MHAOCT 3a ou.a H ,norryIllTelbe ,na ce
KapaM.aHuja.
oBaj BpaTH y ,nOMOBHHy. He,nyro HaKOH AreClIAajeBa rro-
BpaTKa y KlIAHKHjy, lberOBY BHAy Ha MIheTY pa30pHIlle Ca­
pau.eHH. TOKOM BpeMeHa OCTPBO rrOTrra,ne rro,n BAaCT
rocrro,napa XYMa, a paIllKH BojBo,na ]leca 1151. ro,nHHe
rrOKAOHH ra pe,noBHHu.HMa HaBe,neHe orraTHje, rrperryIll­
TajynH ra Ha H3,np)KaBa!he H rroce6HY 3aIllTHTY ,ny6po­
Ba'tKHM rocrrapHMa. HeMa CTora ,naHac TaMO HH je,nHor
OCTpBIhaHHHa KOjH He 6H 6HO CelbaK lIAH cAyra TaMOIlllbHX
280
pe,nOBHHKa, a 6y,nynH ,na ce oHaj KO CAy*H YBeK ce TY*H, Ko ClIY.?fCU,
MIhenaHH 'teCTO H 6e3 HKaKBa orrpaB,naHa pa3Aora yCTajy yee'K: ce
rrpOTHB CBOjHX rocrro,napa H rrOHeKa,n HM 3a,najy BeAHKe my.?fCU.
pee .MJbemc'K:e
MYKe. ]lBe caM CTBapH BH,neo Ha MlbeTY, a Koje MH ce 'tHHe 3HaM.eHU·
,nOCTojHHMa ,na 6y,ny 3arrHcaHe: je,nHa TO IllTO ce TaMOIll­ mocmu.
lbe CTaHOBHHIllTBO crropa3YMeBa Meoyc06HO 3BH)K,L(YU.HMa 202
H caBpIlleHO ce pa3yMejy yrrpKoc y,nalbeHOCTH, HHIllTa Ma­
!he o,n Ihy,nH KOjH ce y rOBOpy H3pa)KaBajy pe'tHMa; ,npyra je
3HaMeHHTOCT CTBap Koja Me 3aHCTa 3a'ty,nlIAa. Pa,nH ce 0
,noraoajy H3 ro,nHHe 1410. Y 3aceoKY Ba6HHo ilolbe Ha oc­
TPBY MlbeTY )KHBIhaIlle MajKa ca CHHOM je,nHHu.eM lliypMa­
AOM KOMe 6ejaIlle rrpHBp)KeHa BeAHKOM Ihy6aBIhY. Harry­
HHBIllH ro,nHHe 3peAOCTH, O)KeHH ce OH H HarrycTH Maj'tHH
,nOM. Ka,n KaCHO je,nHe Be'tepH MajKa CTYrrH Ha BpaTa
CHHOBlbeBa ,nOMa, OH ce 3aTBopH y KYny He rryIllTajynH je
yHyTpa, Ha IllTO OHa, Ben OCTapeAa, CTa,ne MOAHTH ra ,na je
rrYCTH Y KYny, THM yrropHHje Ka,n BH,ne ,na ce crrpeMa jaKa
KHIlla. Ho HH TO He 6ejaIlle ,nOBOIhHO ,na ce HeMHAocp,nHH
CHH cMHAyje BAaCTHToj Maju.H. Ka,n OHa TO CXBaTH, CTa,ne
rrpOKAHlbaTH CHHa H CHaxy rrpH3HBajynH rrpOTHB !hHX CPI,I­
6y BO)Kjy, Te H3MeOY OCTaAora pe'te: TaKO KaKO BH MeHe He
rrpHMHCTe y CBOjy KYny, HeKa Bor ,na ,na HH 3eMlba HH Mope
He rrpHMe KOCTH BaM BaIlle. lliTO ,npyro ,na BaM Ka)KeM? Cya6uHa
HenOCllYWHOZ
YMpe OKpyTHH CHH H caxpaHe ra rrpe,n UPKBOM CB. ilaH­ CUHa.
KpaUHja, ,na 6H ra ,npyrora ,naHa rrpOHaIllAH H3BaH paKe,
jep ra 3eMIha HHje XTeAa rrpHMHTH, IllTO ce rrOHOBH H TOKOM
CAe,nena ,nBa ,naHa. BaUHIlle ra rrOTOM y Mope, Koje y TOM
TpeHYTKY 6ejaIlle caCBHM MHPHO, HO 'tHM rrpHMH y ce6e
OHO rrpOKAeTO TeAO, Y36ypKa ce H roTOBO ra HCTora 'taca
H36aUH MeOY CTeHe, r,ne cy ce OHe KOCTH TaKO rrpHIhy6HAe
y3 KaMeH ,na HX je H ,naH-,naHac TeIllKO O,nBOjHTH o,n CTeHe
'taK H rroMony 'tBpCTor rB03,neHor opyoa, Kao IllTO caM H
caM BHIlle rryTa rrOKYIllao. OCTPBO lliHrraH rrpOTe)Ke ce o,n lliunaH
3arra,na Ha HCTOK ,L(y)KHHOM o,n OKO 'teTHpH MHlbe, a YKYrraH
My je 06HM OKO ,neceT MHlha. HeKH TBp,ne ,na je TO OCTPBO
Koje ilAHHHje 30Be CHrrapHc. To je je,nHo o,n cjajHHx oCTpBa
y BAaCTH ,ny6poBa'tKor ceHaTa H 3acAy*yje rra)KlbY KaKO
360r rrpeKpacHor rrej3a)Ka, TaKO H 360r H3,naIllHOCTH BHHa
Koje ce TaMO rrpoH3Bo,nH y BeAHKHM KOAH'tHHaMa. i\orry,n,
11Onya.
Ha TaAHjaHcKoM HcoAa ,nH Meuo lIAH cpe,nlbe OCTPBO, 30Be
ce TaKO 360r CBor rrOAO)Kaja H3Meoy ,npyra ,nBa OCTpBa, TO
jecT KOAO'terra H lliHrraHa. 06HM My je OKO ,neceT MHIha;
y,nHIlle ce TaMO Haj'tHCTHjH Ba3,L(YX, a ycpe,n CAaHe Bo,ne
OCTPBO 06lIAyje H CAaTKOM BO,nOM. HajAerrIllH !heroB ,neo,
yje,nHo H HajryIllne HacelbeH H YKpaIlleH BpToBHMa, BH­
AaMa H AYKOM 3a Aaoe, ,neo je KOjH rAe,na Ha 3arra,n. Y,no6He
ce rpaoeBHHe H 06Hlhe rrpe,nHBHHx BpTOBa cBeje,nHo HaAa3e
cBy,na H Ha ,npyrHM ,neAOBHMa oCTpBa, a 6pe*yIhUH cy
281
 ~

rrpeKplfBeHlf BlfHOrpa,z:J;lfMa. Ka,z:J; i\orry.n; 1538. ro.n;lfHe 204

203 rrplfjaTelhcKlf rrplfMlf y CBOjy lI.YKY .n;BaHaeCT raAlfja rrarre
I1aBlI.a III. rro.n; 3arrOBe.n;HlfIIlTBOM aKBlfll.ejcKor rraTplfjapxa,
BeJlwmje Ae- IIlI.eMlfna lf3 KYne rplfMaHlf, rroca,z:J;e TlfX 6pO.n;OBa KYKaBlf'I­
noma, ajoUl KIf If OKPYTHO Orrlha'IKaIIle u.ell.o OCTpBO. KOll.o'Ierr je OCTPBO ,nOH MABPO OPBHHH qHTAOUHMA

Bena 1.iecmu- Malbe O.n; i\orry.n;a, a Hlfje Hlf TaKO rrll.o.n;aH Hlf HacelheH,
mocm JlCeHa ca rrpeM.n;a cBeje.n;HO rrpOlf3Bo.n;lf .n;06pa BlfHa. lby.n;lf C Ta TPlf
~;::. OCTpBa HajBenlfM cy .n;ell.OM rroMopu.lf, Te ce 'IeCTO .n;ora1)a
.n;a je Ha oTou.lfMa TeK MalI.lf 6poj M)')KeBa, a MHOIIlTBO lKe­ MHorlf ayToplf cMaTpajy .n;a je ayTop OBe I1cToplfje Kpa­
Ha KojlfMa je XBalbeHa KaKO Bell.lfKa lI.errOTa, TaKO If 'Iec­
lheBa ,UalI.Mau.lfje rrOpeKll.OM lf3 .n;peBHe ,UOKll.ee, rrpecToHlfu.e
TlfTOCT. Ka,z:J; M)')KeBlf lblfXOBlf OJIY o.n; KYne, oCTase lfX 6e3
UpBeHe XpBaTCKe 'Ilfjlf ce oCTau.lf .n;aHac Blf.n;e y 6l1.lf3lfHlf
Mlfll.OCTlf caMe If rryHlfX .n;eceT ro.n;lfHa lfll.lf KOll.lfKO cy Ben
i\a6eaTcKe MO'IBape, O.n;HOCHO CKa,z:J;apCKor je3epa, Te ra
Ha MOpy. Ho yrrpKoc TOMe IIlTO ce He MOry OClI.OHlfTlf Ha
CTora 30BY 'uOKll.eaTOM. ,Upyrlf rraK 3acTyrraxy MlfIIllhelbe .n;a
rrOMon MYlKeBa, OHe .n;aHOHonHlfM pa.n;OM BlI.aCTlfTlfX PYKY
My je PO.n;HO MeCTO rpa,z:J; KOjlf ClI.OBeHlf 30BY ,UyKlha, a KOjlf
'IeCTlfTO oClfrypaBajy CBOj orrCTaHaK.
je lf3paCTao Ha pYIIleBlfHaMa .n;peBHe ,UOKll.ee, HaClI.e.n;lfBIIllf
,UaHac C Ta TPlf OCTpBa .n;Oll.a3e OHe Bell.lfKe lI.a1)e Koje
o.n; lbe If lfMe. Ja Me1)YTlfM BepyjeM .n;a Hlfje 6lfO rpa1)aHlfH
6po.n;e If MopeM I1TalI.lfje If MopeM illrraHlfje, KOjlfX ce y
Hlf je.n;He Hlf .n;pyre ,UoKll.ee. ,Ua Hlfje 6lfO lf3 OBe rrpBe,
,Uy6pOBa'IKoj Perry6l1.lfu.lf MOlKe Ha6pojlfTlf 6ap CTOTlfHy, y3
rrpOlf3l1.a3lf lf3 OHora IIlTO OH caM rrlfIIle y rrpe.n;rOBopy KOjlf
MHOIIlTBO Bell.lfKIfX rall.lfja If MalblfX 6po.n;lfu.a. BpOjHOCT
OB.n;e HaBo.n;lfM, Ka.n;a roBOPlf 0 MOll.6lf yrryneHoj My o.n; CBe­
lblfXOBa If lblfXOBlfX rroca.n;a pa3l1.0r je IIlTO ,Uy6pOB'IaHlf
IIlTeHlfKa u.pKBe lf3 ,UOKll.ee, Koja y TO BpeMe 6ejaIIle Ben
.n;aHac He Mory OKYrrlfTlf BlfIIle o.n; rreT lflI.lf IIleCT Xlflha,z:J;a
YHlfIIlTeHa. HalfMe, CaMYlfll.O ByraplfH lflI.lf rraK (KaKO .n;py­
60pau.a KorrHeHe BojcKe. I1a lfrraK, lblfXOBe lI.a1)e, oKYIIlheHe
rlf TBp.n;e) ClfH lberoB Pa,z:J;OMlfP, Kora rp'IKlf rrlfcu.lf 30BY
CBe Ha je.n;HOMY MecTY, 'IlfHe je.n;HY o.n; HajBenlfx If Haj­
rasplfll.O lfll.lf POMaH, Crrall.lf ,UoKll.ey OKO ro.n;lfHe 1000, a
CHalKHlfjlfX MopHaplfu.a KojlfMa 6lf ce Morao rro.n;lf'IlfTlf
HaIIl je rrlfcau. po1)eH (Kao IIlTO ce 3aKlhyqyje rro OHOMe IIlTO
6lfll.O KOjlf BlI.a,z:J;ap y Cpe.n;03eMlhY, KaKO 360r Bell.lf'IlfHe ca­
rrlfIIle) ro.n;lfHe 1170. JacHo je CTora .n;a Ha TOM MeCTY OH
MlfX 6po.n;oBa, TaKO If 3axBalbyjynlf lblfXOj CHalKHOj apTlf­
crrOMlflbe OHY .n;pyry ,UoKll.ey, rrpeM.n;a TO Hlfje lberOBO po.n;­
lheplfjlf, HO rroHajBlfIIle 3aclI.yroM Cp'IaHlfX MopHapa KOjlf
HO MeCTO, jep y crrOMeHyTOM rrpe.n;rOBopy HaCTaBlha If KalKe
xpa6pocT CBOjy rroKa3yjy If .n;aHac y 60p6lf rrpOTlfB TypaKa
.n;a My je MOll.6a yrryneHa If o.n; MlI.a.n;elKlf lberOBor rpa.n;a.
py6pOBa1.i/ru If .n;pyrlfx rycapa. AKO ce .n;oro.n;lf .n;a lfX OBlf Harra,z:J;HY, 60pe
TlfM pe'IlfMa O'Ilfrll.e.n;Ho rroKa3yje KaKO je HeKlf .n;pyrlf rpa,z:J;,
MopHapu cy ce ,Uy6pOB'IaHlf C TaKBOM xpa6poIIlny .n;a He .n;orrYIIlTajy He­
a He ,UyKlha, lberoB pO.n;Hlf 3aBlf'Iaj. Ja CTora CMaTpaM .n;a
xpa6pu 6oPlJ u . rrplfjaTelhY .n;a 3aY3Me lblfXOBe 6po.n;OBe TaKO JIYro .n;OK je If
ce OH PO.n;lfO y rpaJIY Bapy, KOjlf je TaKo1)e Bell.lfKlfM .n;ell.OM
rrOClI.e.n;lblf o.n; lblfX Ha lKlfBOTY, a y 60p6lf neTe lfX Blf.n;eTlf<
lf3HlfKHyO lf3 pYIIleBlfHa rrpBe ,UoKll.ee If CMeIIlTeH je YCTO
KaKO jYPlfIIlajy rrorrYT 6ecHlfx lI.aBOBa, rro.n;CTlf'Iynlf je.n;aH
He.n;alI.eKO o.n; lbe. HaIIl ayTop Harrlfca CBOjy I1CTOPlfjy rrpBO
.n;pyrora pe'IlfMa .n;a ce ceTe .n;a cy ,Uy6pOB'IaHlf, KOjlf cy
Ha ClI.OBeHCKOM je3lfKY If ClI.OBeHCKlfM rrlfCMOM, .n;a 6lf
yseK Bell.lfKlfM rrOKOlheM HerrplfjaTelha OCBeTlfll.lf BlI.aCTlfTy
3aTlfM Ha MOll.6y HeKlfX lhy.n;lf lf3Pa,z:J;lfO lI.aTlfHCKY Bep3lfjy. Y
CMpT. Heny OB.n;e HaBo.n;lfTlf rrplfMepe Tora, jep rr03HaTlf cy
TOM .n;ell.y YKpaTKO TYMa'Ilf rropeKll.o If ycrrexe ClI.OBeHCKlfX
roTOBO u.ell.OM CBeTy, Hero ny rrplfBeCTlf Kpajy rrplf'Iy 0
KpalbeBa KOjlf BlI.a,z:J;axy ,UalI.MaU.lfjOM If .n;pyrlfM OKOll.HlfM
rrOCTaHKY ,Uy6pOBHlfKa, 0 'IlfjOj ne ce lfCTOPlfjlf If ycrreclfMa
KpajeBlfMa y I1AlfPlfKY, rrO'IeBIIllf o.n; lI.eTa rOcrro.n;lber 495.
3HaTlflKelhaH 'IlfTalI.au. Monlf rrOrll.aBlfTO 06aBeCTlfTlf IIlTlf­
rra CBe .n;o 1161, Ka,z:J;a YpoIIleB ClfH ,Ueca rrpoTepa lf3
BOM lI.eTOrrlfCa JIY6pOBa'IKOr rrll.eMlfna JaKOBa I1eTpoBa i\y­
.n;plKaBe Pa.n;oClI.aBa, rrOClI.e.n;lber Kpalba Tor po.n;a.
KapeBlfna, KOjlf ne cBoje .n;ell.o (BepyjeM) YCKOPO If 06ja­
BlfTlf.

282 283
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205

206

AYTOPOB DPEArOBOP
•
H':terOBOJ HCTOPHJA KPAlhEBA AAAMAUHJE
HCTOPHjH Kpa.z:&eBa AaAMallHje
•
H Jl.pyrHx OKOAHHX HAHPCKHX KpaJeBa

Ha M01l.6y BaC npe,lI.pare 6pane Moje y XPHCTy H npe"laC­ OJI. AeTa rOCDOJl.H':ter 495. Jl.O 1161.
HHX CBeIIITeHHKa Ce,lI.HIIITa CBeTe UpKBe y Ha,lI.6HCKYnHjH
,.ayKlbaHcKoj, Te TaKot;e Ha M01l.6y CTapHX, a nOHajBHIIIe
MlI.a,lI.HX Halliera rpa,lI.a, KOjH Pa,lI.OCT npOHMa3e He caMO
C1I.YIIIajynH HlI.H "lHTajynH 6ece,lI.e, Ben (KaKO HM je 06H"laj)
H BojyjynH, ,lI.a ca C1I.OBeHCKor npeBe,lI.eM 3a lbHX Ha 1I.aTHH­
Y BpeMe Ka,lI. KOHCTaHTHHorrOlbCKO uapCKO 2Ke311.0 6ejallie Tajv,ap cmy­
nu Ha npecmo
y PYKaMa AHacTacHja, KOjH ce6e caMor H MHore ,lI.pyre
CKH KlbH}fmuy 0 fOTHMa, KOjy AaTHHH Ha3HBajy Kpa.n>eB­ 502. WlU, npe-
6ejallie OKa.n>ao eBTHxHjeBcKHM KpHBoBepjeM, ,lI.OK y PHMY Ma opyCI.LM
CTBO C1I.OBeHa, y KOjOj cy onHcaHa CBa lbHXOBa paTOBalba H
B1I.a,lI.aIIIe UPKBOM rrarra fe1l.a3Hje, a y I1TB.AHjH ce CBeTOIII-
mepoH>aMa,
ycnecH lbHXOBH; HanperHYX ce y CTapOCTH CBOjOj He 6HX 1I.H HCTHUaxy 611.a2KeHH 6HCKYII KarryaHcKH fepMaH H 6HC­ 492.
y,lI.OBOlbHO BaIIIHM M01l.6aMa, jep nO,lI.CTa"le Me Ha TO H 6paT­ KYn Kapyce Ca6HH, aHa ropH KaCHHY CBeTH BeHe,lI.HKT, ca 3attemHux:
CKa lby6aB. He 6HX xTeo, Met;yTHM, ,lI.a HKO O,lI. "lHTMaua mOla KpUao­
ceBepa npOBMHIIIe fOTH, lbY,lI.H OKpyTHH H ,lI.HBlbH. BlI.a­ aepja oeUle
nOMHClI.H KaKO caM HanHcao HIIITa ,lI.pyro OCHM OHora IIITO ,lI.axy lbHMa TpH 6paTa BojBO,lI.e, CHHOBH Kpa.n>a CBeBlI.a,lI.a, apx:u.M.aHOpUm
npO"lHTax H qyx O,lI. O"leBa H rrpe,lI.aKa HaIIIHX KOjH npHno­ no HMeHY Bpyc, TOTH1I.a H OCTPOHll.O, O,lI. KOjHX HajCTapHjH Eamux lOOuHe
Be,lI.allIe, 6e3 npeTepHBalba, a "lBpCTO yTeMelbeHO Ha HCTH­ Bpyc HaClI.e,lI.H HaKOH O"leBe CMpTH Kpa.n>eBCKH rr01l.02Kaj. Y 431.
HH. KpaJb
2KelbH ,lI.a CTeKHY ClI.aBHO HMe, TOTHlI.a H OCTPOHlI.O y3 6pa­ Caeanao.

TOBlbeB rrpHCTaHaK OKYrrHIIIe MonHY BOjCKY H 3arryTHIIIe ce Bpyc, TomWla

rrpeKO rpaHHua cBoje 3eMlbe. fIOKopHIIIe 3aTHM YrapcKY, U OcmpOWlO.

HaKOH "lera rrpOBMHIIIe y TpHOBHHY. Kpa.n> .l(MMaUHje, KO­

CaJlOHa,

jH CT01l.0Ballie y CMOHH, rroclI.a Ta,lI.a cBoje rAaCHHKe Kpa.n>y npecmoHuv,a

I1cTpe C rropyKoM ,lI.a CKYrrH CBe cBoje lbY,lI.e H KpeHe C lbHM OaJ!MamUHCX;U

Y cycpeT fOTHMa. KaJI. TaKO ytIHHHIIIe, yTa60pHIIIe ce He­ x x:paJbeaa.

,lI.MeKO O,lI. fOTa, Te BOjHHUH H C H C ,lI.pyre CTpaHe

,lIaJ!MamUH­
HarrylliTaxy cBoje 1I.orope H 3anO,lI.eBaxy Met;yco6He "lapKe, cx;u U ucmap­
HO OCMora ce ,lI.aHa cYKo6HIIIe Y lbyTOM oKpllIajy KOjH no­ cx;u lCpaJb

Tpaja O,lI. Tpener caTa Tora ,lI.aHa rra CBe ,lI.O Be"lepH. fOTH 3aMemHY ooj c

O,lI.HeCOllie KOHa"lHY rro6e,.ay, H TO He rrpOTHB B02KHje BOlbe, romUMa.

jep KOll.HKO ro,lI. ce .l(MMaTHHUH ca CBOjHM caBe3HHUHMa

6ejaxy ,lI.o6po H Cp"laHO 60PHll.H, rrOKa3aIIIe ce HrraK ClI.a6H­
jHMa. Kpa.n> I1cTpe H3ry6H TaMO :amBOT, a ,lI.aAMaTHHCKH ce KPaJb Mcmpe

Kpa.n> je,lI.Ba crraCH 6eKCTBOM, Te ce paI:beH Ha ,lI.Ba MeCTa naoHe y oojy.

BpaTH y CMOHY ca IIIa"lHUOM CBOjHX lbY,lI.H. HaKOH TOra To­

THlI.a H OCTPOHlI.O, paCrrOll.aJKYnH TaKO Bell.HKOM BOjCKOM,
OJI.ll.ytIHIIIe rrO,lI.ell.HTH je. TOTHlI.a C ,lI.e1l.0M BojcKe O,lI.e y I1c­ 207
TPY, a nOTOM y I1TMHjy, r,lI.e OCTa HeKO BpeMe 3a,lI.ajynH Be­
lI.HKe ja,lI.e H pa3apajynH TaMOllilba MeCTa, ,lI.a 6H Ha Kpajy

284 285
 T
3aY3eo HeKOAHKO rpa.;::{OBa H rroTnyHo llX yHHIIlTHO. He,nyra
HaKOH HarraJl:a Ha CmJ,HAHjy HanycTH oBaj CBeT, KaKO My
6ejalIle HarOBeCTHO cAyra EO:lfmjH CBeTH EeHeJl:HKT. !heroB
OcmpOUJlO
naK 6paT OCTPOHAO, rrpOJl:peBIIlH y rroKpajHHY I1AHPHK H
npoope y
HllUpUK. He HaHlIlaBIIlH TaMO HH Ha Kora KO 6H My ce cyrrpoTcTa­
BHO, 3aY3e ,llaAMaU:Hjy ca CBHM ffie3HHHM MeCTHMa y3 MO­
pe. Ha Kpajy ce 3aYCTaBH y 3eMlbH rrpeBaAHTaHcKoj, OJl:a­
KAe nOCAa CHHa CBor CBeBAMa C BeAHKOM BOjCKOM Jl:a rro­
KOpH OCTaTaK I1MfpHKa npeMa ceBepy. Ho KaJl: KOHCTaHTH­
ITpesaJ!umalia HorrOlbCKH u:ap Jl:03Ha Jl:a OCTPOHAO 6ejalIle OCTao y I1peBa­
6ejawe oe.o AHTaHH C MaA06pojHHM lbYJl:CTBOM, rrOCAa Ha ffiera CHa2KHY
MaKeOOIiUje. .
BOJCKY Y H3HeHMHH Harra.;::{. Cp':laH ':lOBeK KaKaB Ben 6elIle,
OCTPOHAO C MaA06pojHHM CBOjHM lbYJl:HMa H3aoe Ha 60jHO
OcmpOUJlO nOlbe cynpoTCTaBHTH ce u:apeBoj BOjCU:H, HO KM 3aMeTHY­
nOi3U6e y 6ojy. lIle 60j, nMe MpTaB, a ffierOBH ce cnaCHlIle 6eKCTBoM, Jl:OK
ce u:apeBa BojcKa BpaTH KYnH HaToBapeHa rrAeHOM. ,llo­
3HaBlIlH 3a O':leBY CMpT, CBeBAM rrOXHTa HaTpar y EOCHY,
BepyjynH Jl:a ne 3aTenH u:apeBy Jl:a OCBeTH O':leBY
CMpT. He Haoe, MeOYTHM, BHlIle HHKora, Te 3aJl:06H HaTpar
O':leBO KpalbeBCTBO H pOJl:H My ce CHH KOMe Jl:Me HMe Ce­
roe ce
npocmupawe AHMHp. CBeBAMOBO KpalbeBCTBO ce npOCTHPaAO 0Jl: BaAJl:e­
CseBJ!aOOSO BHHa Jl:0 I1oAoHHje HAH I1oAHHe, Te 0Jl: MOpa Ha CeBep. Ha­
ICpWbescmso. HeCe OH BeAHKe IIlTeTe xpHlIlnaHHMa aaCelbeHHM y rrpH­
BaJ!oeBUIi,
MOPCKHM rpaJl:OBHMa, a 3aTHM je, Jl:BaHaeCTe roJl:HHe CBora
oa/iac
BuIiOOOJ!. KpalbeBalha, HanyCTHo oBaj CBeT. HaCAeJl:H ra CHH ffierOB
KpWb CeAHMHp KOjH, npeMJl:a He3Ha60}Kau:, 6ejalIle ':lOBeK npa­
CeJ!UMUp. BeJl:HHX nocTyrraKa. He caMO Jl:a Jl:06po nOCTyrralIle C XPHIIl­
naHHMa, Ben IIlTa BHIIIe CKAOrrH C lhHMa rroroJl:6e H crropa­
3YMe 06Be3aBIIIH llX Ha IlAanalhe Jl:aHKa. HaceAH OH 3eMlbY
MHorHM CAoBeHHMa H 3a BpeMe ffierOBe BAaJl:aBHHe ':lHTaB
KpWb BllaOali. Kpaj OJl:axHy. HarrYCTH oBaj cBHjeT HaKOH Jl:BMeceToro-
Byzapu Jl:HlIllhe BAMaBHHe, OCTaBHBIIlH 3a C060M CHHa BAMaHa. <
lianycmuwe BAMaH HaCTaBH O':leBHM CTorraMa KpalbyjynH y MHpy H
o6aJ!e BOJ!Ze. Jl:06H CHHa Ha3BaHor PMMHp. OBaj Ben Kao Jl:e':laK 6ejalIle
OKpYTaH H CHAHO OXOA. Y ffierOBO Jl:06a BeAHKO ce MHOIlITBO
HapOJl:a rrOKpeHY C 06aAa peKe BOMe, rro KOjOj H Jl:06HlIle
HMe, 6y,nynH Jl:a ce rro BOArH CBe Jl:0 Jl:aHaIlIffiHx Jl:aHa 30BY
BYArapHMa, TO jecT EyrapHMa. OHH ca }KeHaMa CBOjHM H
TOe Kpuca Jl:eU:OM, Te ca CBOM CBOjOM HMOBHHOM rrpOJl:pelIle y rrOKpa-
Byzapu 30Sy. C . B 6 .
KpeKYJb. JHHY HAO,nyKCHJY· AaJl:~p lhllXOB eJalIle MY:>K rro HMeHY
208 KPHC, Kora OHH Ha CBOM Je3HKY 30BY RaraH, IIlTO KOJl: ffiHX
tHaJ!a3UMO 3Ha':lH u:ap. I10Jl: ffieroBY BAaCT rrOTrrMaxy KHe}KeBH, Jl:eBe­
KOO opyi!U.X u TopHu:a lhHX, y ':lHjHM pYKaMa 6ejailie Jl:elbeffie rrpaBJl:e TOM
CeJ!eyKUja a • 3sawe ByiJu­
ja sepyjeM.'oa HeH3MepHOM HapO,ny. . 3aY3eBIIlH Jl:aKAe tCHAO,nyKCHJY,
ce paiJu 0 rrpOJl:pelIle Y MaKeJl:OHHJY, ITa RaJl: H lhy rrOKopHlIle, YOOlIle
Kpajy U3liao y rroKpajHHY .t\aTHHa, TMa 3BaHHX PIiMlbaHHMa, a Jl:aHac
peKa EKeoor:o MOPOBAaCHMa, TO jeCT UPHHM .t\aTHHHMa. KOHCTaHTHHO­
y MaKeOOIiUju.
rrOlbCKH u:ap ca CBora npeCTOAa ,nyra ynpaBlbalIle 60p60M
286
npOTHB Tor HapOJl:a, HO He MoraBIIlH HX HHKaKO caBAa­ Moposllacu,
Jl:aTH, KOHa':lHO CKAOrrH MHp C ffiHMa He Jl:HpajynH BHilie y mo jecm UpIiU
Aamuliu.
ffiHX. I1CTO TO yqHHH H Kpalb BAMaH KM yBHJl:e KaKO cy
Bllaoali
6pOjHH ffiHXOBH lbYJl:H, Kao H Jl:a My je je3HK 3ajeJl:HH':lKH
CKllonu MUP c
ffillXOBOM. POJl:H ce, Jl:aKAe, BeAHKa HaKAOHOCT H3MeOY TllX BycapUMa.
HapOJl:a, OJl:HOCHO H3MeOY IOTa, CAoBeHa H Eyrapa, a pa3­
romu, CllO­
Aor TOMe 6ejalIle HajBHlIle TO IIlTO CBH 6ejaxy He3HaO'OIl[[U:.H seliu U Byzapu
H raBOpaxy HCTHM je3HKOM. HaKOH Tora, oCHrypaHH ca cosope ucmUM
CBllX CTpaHa, EyrapH H3rpaJJ:HlIle YTBpJl:e H Jl:Bopu:e, Ha­ jesuKOM.
CTaffiyjynH oCBojeHe 3eMlbe Koje cy H Jl:aH-Jl:aHaC y lhHXO­
BOM noce,ny. Y MeOYBpeMeHY Kpalb BAMaH HanycTH oBaj KpWb
CBeT, Te 3aBAaJl:a CHH lherOB PMMHp. Ben ce y Jl:eTHffiCTBY PaoMup,
6ejalIle rrOKa3ao RaO HenpHjaTelb xpHlIlnaHa, ITa KM npe­ /ienpujameJb
Y3e BAaCT y KpalbeBCTBY, CTMe llX npOraffiaTH pYlIlenH ffiH­ xpuwnalicKoc
UMelia..
XOBe rpa.;::{oBe H Jl:pyra MeCTa. Crr03HaBlIlH OrraKOCT cpu:a
ffieraBor, xpHlIlnaHH nO':lelIle 6e}KaTH y nAaHHHe H Jl:pyra
Ben rro npHpOJl:H 3alIlTHneHa H YTBpoeHa MeCTa, rrOJl:H:>KY­ Ceemu OettaK
nH TaMO, Haj60lbe IIlTO Moraxy, cBoja YTBpoelha, He 6H AH
TaKO 6ap YTeKAH rrpeJl: OKpYTHolIlny PMMHPOBOM H H3MaK­
AH ffieroBHM OKpBaBlbeHHM PYKaMa, CBe Jl:OK HM locrroJl: He
Jl:ooe y rrOX0Jl:e H He OCAo60Jl:H llX TaKO cypOBor rrporOHHTe­
lba. HaKOH PMMHpOBe CMpTH 3aBAMalIle jeJl:aH 3a Jl:pyrHM
t[emupu 3J!a
':leTHpH 3Aa Kpalba, a xpHlIlnaHH 3a TO BpeMe rrpeTprrelIle KpWba.
HerrpeCTaHe rrporOHe. Ey,nynH Jl:a 6eceJl:a XHTa Ka yraJl:HH­
jHM CTBapHMa, npenYTaneMO OBJl:e CBa 3Aa THX KpalbeBa H
nojeJl:HHOCTH 0 rrporOHHMa Koje xpHlIlnaHH rrpeTprrlIle. He
MaAH 6poj BepHHKa XPHCTOBllX HaCTaffieHHX KaKO y3 Mope,
TaKO H Ha ceBepy 3eMlbe, KaKO He 6H 6HAH OKalbaHH
06H':lajHMa cpaMHHM H rHYCHHM OJl: CTpaHe TllX KpalbeBa,
rrOBYKOIlIe ce y crrOMeHYTa je30BHTa MeCTa y rrAaHHHaMa,
rrOJl:HOCenH PMHje pa3He HeBOlbe, Tero6e, OCKYJl:HUY H rAM
3a cnac JlYlIla Hero Jl:a Y:>KHBajy y 3eMalbCKHM Jl:0­
6pHMa Ha IIlTeTy Jl:YXa CBora. KM OHa ':leTHpH Kpalba no­ 3aBJ!aoa
YMHpalIle, pOJl:H ce rrOTOMaK ffiHXOB CBeTHMHp KOjH, CTy­ CeemUMup.
TeCaJ!o/iU Ka,
rrHBIIlH Ha KpalbeBCKH npeCTO, o,nyCTa 0Jl: Myqeffia H rrpo­ oaliac COllYIi.
rOHa xpHIIInaHa. Y lheraBO Jl:06a HCTaKHY ce y TeCaAOHHKH Toe KOlicmali­
cPHA030cP CHH rraTpHU:Hja .t\aBa (.t\eOHa), Be­ mulia CllO­
AHKH rr03HaBaAau: CBeTora nHCMa H ':lOBeK Y30pHor :>KHBO­ seliu 30Sy
ll.uPUJl.
Ta. HarrYCTHBIIlH Jl:OMOBHHY, BooeH ,llyxOM CBeTHM CTH}Ke 209
y rroKpajHHY Xa3apHjy, rJl:e y paCrrpaBH C Haj60lbHM Ta­
MOlIllhHM cPHA030cPHMa HaJJ:MaIIlH CBe H npOnOBeJl:ajynH
Jl:aH 3a Jl:aHOM rrpeo6paTH u:eAY Ty nOKpajHHY Ha Bepy XPH­ t Paliuje ce Oli
CTOBY, Kao IIlTO ce He,nyro HaKOH Tora Jl:OrOJl:H H C 6y­
rapcKHM HapOJl:OM. Y MeoyapeMeHY npeMHHy CBeTHMHp, a MUP, IiO Kao
npsu KpWb
HacAHjeJl:H ra tCBeToneAeK. Y Jl:06a ffieroBe BAMaBHHe rra­ xpuwnaliuli
na CTjenaH [V.J, H3BelIlTeH 0Jl: MHorHX 0 }KHBOTy H yqeHo­ 6u npo3sali
CsemoneJ!eK,
CTH KOHCTaHTHHOBHM, ynyTH My rrHCMO C MOA60M Jl:a Jl:ooe
287
 ~
wmo ICOO CAO- K lheMy. TIpO'lHTaBIllH rrHCMO H )KelhaH y,npBOlhHTH rrarrH,
sefia 3fia1.fU XTe.n:e cBeje.n:HO rrpe O,llj\aCKa OCTaBHTH OHHMa, Koje 6ejaIlle
ncsemu oe'ialC" rrpeo6paTHO Ha Bepy XpHCTOBY, .lIYXOBHY xpaHy KOjOM 6H
OOIC za .
UmaJlujaficICU
ce y lheroBOj O.n:CYTHOCTH XpaHHAH H O.n:P)KaAH. PyKorro-
nuC1.JU 30Sy AO)KH 3aTO CBeIllTeHHKe KaKO 6H Taj HapO.n: rrO.llY'lHAH
CcjJeponu..no. xpHIllnaHCKOM yqelhY, a OCHM Tora rrpeBe.n:e HM C rp'lKOr
Ha CAOBeHCKH je3HK XPHCTOBO eBaHl)elhe, .llaBH.n:OBe rrCM-
Me, Kao H CBe KlhHre CTapor H HOBor 3aBeTa, rra HaKOH
IllTO ce rr03.n:paBH ca CBHMa, OTrrYTOBa y PHM. Ho Ha rryTy
cKpeHY y rroxo.n: KpalhY CBeTOrreAeKY, KOjH ra 360r 'leCTH­
TOCTH lherOBe H peTKe yqeHocTH rrpHMH y3 HajBene rrO'lac­
TH. 1'mpHA CTa.n:e rro.llY'laBaTH Kpalha 6ororroIllToBalhY H
BepH xpHIllnaHcKoj, Koja 3a.n:HBH CBeTorreAeKa rrpeKo CBa­
Ke Mepe, Te OH rrpHMH xpHIllnaHCTBo 3aje.n:Ho C 'lHTaBHM
CBOjHM KpalheBCTBoM. Ka.n: 3a TO .n:03HaIlle xpHIllnaHH KOjH
)KHBlhaxy Y rrAaHHHaMa, CHAHO ce 06pa.n:OBaIlle, Te CTa.n:O­
Ille CHAa3HTH C IIAaHHHa H H3 .n:pyrHx CKPOBHTHX MeCTa KO­
ja HaCTalhaBaxy H 6AarOCHlhaTH H CAaBHTH rocrro.n:a,
crraCHTelha OHHX KOjH ce y lhera 6ejaxy Y3.n:aAH. Kpalh CBe­
TorreAeK xje.n:e .n:a ce xpHIllnaHH, KOjH rOBope AaTHHCKHM
je3HKoM, BpaTe H rrOHOBHO H3rpa.n:e H 06HOBe rpa.n:oBe H
YTBp.n:e IllTO HX Y rrpOIllAOCTH He3Ha6oIllu.H 6ejaxy YHHIll-
JKeAu 3fiamu THAH. HMO)KH 3aTHM .n:a ce o.n:pe.n:e rpaHHu.e lherOBor Kpa­
zoe cy zpafiU1.Je . Kpafi/J.
lUezosoz lheBCTBa. YrrHTa 3a MHIlllhelhe 0 TOMe CBe CBOje My.n:pau.e,
ICpalbescmsa. HO Ka.n: My HHTKO O.n: lhHX He 3Ha.n:e HHIllTa penH, rrOCAa
cBoje rrOKAHcape rrarrH CTec!JaHY H KOHCTaHTHHOrrOlhCKOM
u.apy MHXaHAY Tp~enH o.n: lhHX .n:a ra 06aBeCTe 0 TOM
rrHTalhy. HaKOH pa3rOBopa C rrOKAHCapHMa KOjH cy OTHIll­
AH Y PHM, rrarra ce CTa.n:e CHAHO pa.n:OBaTH y Ha.n:H .n:a je TO
llana nOWalbe rrpHAHKa .n:a O.n:P)KH Kpalha H Hapo.n: lheroB y XPHCTOBOj
ICapOufia.;ta BepH. OTrrYCTHBIllH rrOKAHcape, rrOCAa C lhHMa y rrpaTlhH
XOfiopuJa .
ICpalbY Kap.n:HHMa XOHOpHja, yqeHor 'lOBeKa Y30pHor )KHBOTa,~
CsemoneJleICY rrpe.n:aBIllH MY OBAaIllnelha KaKBa ce 06H'lHO .n:ajy Ka.n: ce
y,aaJl.M.a1.Jujy. TaKO yrAe.n:He oco6e IllalhY 06aBHTH CAH'lHe 3a.n:aTKe y
210 xpHIllnaHCKe 3eMlhe. Y3 XOHopHja rrOCAa jOIll .n:Ba Kap­
.n:HHMa, KaKO 6H Taj TeK rrpeo6paneHH Hapo.n: .n:06HO cBoje
6HCKYrre, rrOCBeTHO u.pKBe H CBe OCTMO IllTO je xpHIllnaHH­
Ma Hy*HO. Ka.n: .n:ol)oIlle y HAHpHK, Kap.n:HHaAH ce yrryTHIlle
KpalhY 'lHje rrpe6HBaAHIllTe 6ejaIlle y paBHHu.aMa .llaAMe H
KOjH HX rrpHMH y3 rrO'laCTH H HCKa3e rrOIllTOBalha, HMO­
PaSfiU1.Je )KHBIllH 3aTHM .n:a ce 'lHTaBO lherOBO KpalheBCTBO OKYrrH Ha
,aaJl.M.a1.Juje, rrOlhHMa .llaAMe . .llOK ce lhy.n:H oKYIIlhaxy, rrpHcrreIlle TaKol)e
oafiac J1USfiO H rrOKAHCapH HBaH H J\eOH, KOjH 6Hjaxy OTHIllAH y KOH­
(XJzujesfio)
CTaHTHHorrOlh, a Kpalh HX, je.n:HaKO Kao H Kap.n:HHaAH,
'laCHO rrpHMH. CBeYKYrrHH Hapo.n:, KaKO AaTHHCKor je3HKa,
TaKO H HAHpCKOr, Ha 3arrOBeCT H HMor rrarrHHor HaMeCHH­
Ca60p y Ka XOHopHja H Kpalha CBeTorreAeKa, rrpHCTyrrH rrpOCAaB­
,aaJl.M.u.
lhalhY ca60pa KOjH rroTpaja .n:BaHaeCT .n:aHa, o.n: 'lera ocaM
288
.n:aHa rrpol)e y u.pKBeHHM CBe'laHOCTHMa, a rrpeOCTMa 'le­ Balba npU.Me­
THpH .n:aHa y rrO'laCTHMa KpalhY H Y ypel)HBalhY KpalheB­ mumu 6puzy
CTBa. Ha HCTOM TOM ca60py rrpe.n: rrpHcyTHHM Hapo.n:oM fieICaoawlUUX
ICpalbeSa, ICfie­
6exy rrpO'lHTaHe .n:peBHe AaTHHCKe H rp'lKe rrOBAacTHu.e JlCesa u SAaoa­
rrOCAaTe o.n: CTpaHe pHMCKor rrarre, Kao H u.apa, KojHMa ce pa 0 CA0600u
o.n:pel)yje rro.n:eAa rroKpajHHa H 3eMalha OHaKO KaKO je y llpICse.
.n:aBHHHH 6ejaxy 3arrHCMH H o.n:pe.n:HAH u.apeBH. Kpalhy ce
H 'lHTaBOM oKYrrlheHoM MHOIllTBY CBH.n:H 3aMHcao .n:a rro
3aBpIlleTKY ca60pa Kpalh 6y.n:e oKpYlheH H rrocBeneH rrpeMa
06H'lajHMa PHMlhaHa. Y'lHHH TO XOHopHje ca CBOjHM .n:Py*­
6eHHu.HMa H H3 Tora ce pO.n:H BeAHKO CAaBlhe Ha pa.n:OCT
'lHTaBOra KpalheBCTBa. HaKOH Tora Kpalh HMO)KH .n:a 6y.n:y
rrOCBeneHa .n:Ba Ha.n:6HCKYrra, je.n:aH y CMOHH, a .n:pyrH y
,llyKlhH. BH HCTO TaKO rrOCBeneHO MHoro 6HCKYrra H
u.pKaBa, Koje y rrpoIllAHM BpeMeHHMa 6exy oCKpHaBlheHe y
YHHIllTaBalhHMa, Te HX HaKOH o6HoBe rrOHOBHO rrOCBeTH­
Ille. Kpalh K TOMe H3.n:a 3arrOBeCT .n:a HHKO He Y3HeMHpaBa
UpKBY HH Y KojeMY rrHTalhY H .n:a HHKO He rrOA~e Ha lhy
HHKaKBa rrpaBa HH OBAaIllnelha, H3Y3eB lhHor Ha.n:6HcKYrra
Ty nooeJlY
HAH .n:pyre oco6e KOjOj je rro rrpaBy rro.n:pel)eHa; KO 6H ICpalbescmsa
cyrrpoTHo TOMe rrocTyrrHo, o.n:rOBapao 6H 3a yBpe.n:y rrpOTHB no.MUIUY ma­
KpalheBCKe KpyHe . .lla.n:e 3aTHM 3arrHcaTH rrOBAacTHu.e y ICobe EjOfiOO U
CKAa.n:y C OHHMa jaBHo rrpO'lHTaHHM, Te rro.n:eAH KpalheB­ An6epm
CTBO Ha rroKpajHHe, o.n:pe.n:HBIllH cBaKoj lheHe Mel)e. Kpaj
OKpy*eH Bo.n:aMa Koje TeKY C rrAaHHHa, rra cKpeny Ha jyr H 211
yBHpy Y Mope rrp03Ba TIpHMopjeM, a oHaj .n:pyrH, KOjH
rrpeceu.ajy Bo.n:e IllTO TeKY Ha ceBep H yBHpy Y ,llyHaB, Ha­
Cp6uja.
3Ba Cp6HjOM. TIpHMopje 3aTHM rro.n:eAH Ha .n:Be rroKpajHHe.
Kpaj o.n: .llaAMe, r.n:e Ta.n:a Kpalh CTOAOBaIlle H r.n:e 6ejaIlle EeJla
XpsamcICa.
o.n:p)KaH ca6op, rra .n:o BaA.l1:eBHHa, TO jeCT BHHo.n:OAa, rrpo­ CaJlOfia, npe­
3Ba BeAOM XpBaTCKOM, Koja ce TaKol)e 30Be H .llolha .llM­ cmOfiU/Ja EeJle
Mau.Hja. TIpecToHHu.a Te rroKpajHHe rrOCTa y3 cyrAacHoCT XpsamcICe.
rrarre H rrarrHHCKHX H3aCAaHHKa CMOHa ca CBOjOM MHTpO­ Ocop, fieICaoa
Ancupm u..nu
rroAHjoM, rro.n: KOjy rrOTrra.n:axy u.pKBe CrrAHTa, TporHpa, Ancupmuoe.
CKpa.n:HHa, ApaY30He, .n:aHac 3BaHe 3a.n:apCKa TBpl)aBaa, Ea.M6aJlOfia .
Te u.pKBe HHHa, Pa6a, Ocopa, KpKa H ErrH.n:aypa, .n:aHac ,aafiawlUu
3BaHor ,lly6POBHHK. HCTO TaKO o.n: MeCTa .llaAMe rra CBe .n:o JIpa1.f.
,aY1CJba,
rpa.n:a BaM6MOHe, .n:aHaIlllher .llpa'la, rrp03Ba Taj Kpaj Up­ npecmofiu/Ja
BeHOM XpBaTCKOM HAH, KaKO ce jOIll K~e, rOplhOM .llM­ llpsefie
MaU.HjOM. 3a lheHY rrpeCTOHHu.y 6H o.n:pel)eHa ,llyKlha ca XpsamcICe.
CBOjOM MHTpOrrOAHjoM, 'lHjeM Ha.n:6HCKYrry 6ejaxy rro.n:pel)e­ Bepyje.M oa je
osoejeofio
HH 6HCKYrrH Bapa, By.n:Be, Cp6Hje, BOCHe, KOTopa, YAI..J.H­ .Mecmo fiase­
lha, CBa'la, CKa.n:pa, .llpHBacTa, TIYAaTa, Tpe6Hlha H 3a­ oefio osanym,
xyMlha. Cp6Hjy, Koja rAe.n:a Ha ceBep, rro.n:eAH TaKol)ep Ha jep cy YA/JUIU
.n:Be rroKpajHHe. Je.n:Ha ce rrpOCTHpaIlle o.n: BeAHKe peKe U llOAem u..nu
llYAam npe.Ma
.llpHHe Ha 3arra.n: .n:o rope TIHHa H 6H Ha3BaHa BOCHa; .n:pyra Kafimepy jeo­
ce rroKpajHHa rrpOTe3aIlle o.n: HCTe peKe Ha HCTOK .n:o J\y­ fiO me ucmo.
cpHa H.n:O J\a6eaTCKe MO'lBape, a lhOj .n:a.n:e HMe PaIllKa. Y
289
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nOaeJbeHa Ha cBoje pOllaKe, Te JKj'naHe HAH rpOq,OBe H Ha Kpajy
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npe.M.a MapuJY •
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BaHoBU. • 6'
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.na ce 6aHoBHMa He ,najy HHKaKBa rrpaBa HaJ( .npyrHM no­
KpajHHaMa H3Y3eB HaJ( OHOM Y !:bHXOBOj BAaCTH 3a KOjy
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212. 6
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BJ!aauCJ!ae. HO He yrAe.na ce Ha O"IeBY .no6poTy, Hero cKpeHyBIIlH C
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CMpny.
cy,ny BO>KHjeM, KaJ( je.nHora .naHa 6ejaille y AOBY, ynaJ(e y
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pamyje C ,naBHHe YrpH ynaJ(oille y 3eMIbY ITIba"IKajyhH, a OH C !:bHMa
YzpUMa.
saMeTHY MHore 6HTKe H3 KOjHX YBeK H3al)e Kao no6e.nHHK,
Te HX Ha Kpajy caCBHM HCTepa HS CBora KpalbeBCTBa. Beja­
IIle OH .no6HO HeKOAHKO CHHOBa H KllepH, a ce.naMHaeCTe
290
ro.nHHe cBoje BAa.naBHHe npeMHHY. CTynH Ta.na Ha rrpeCTO
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rrorH6oIIle, a .npyrH rraJ(Oille >KHBH y Po­
.nHille ce HaKOH Tora Ce6ecAaBY CHHOBH 6AH3aHU:H, o.n KO­
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BeHltaH>e,
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ra CHH !:berOB KapaMHp, 3a BpeMe "IHje ce BAa.naBHHe BeAa
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n06YHu.
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rro.neHYille 6HTKY y KOjOj Kpalb 6H rroTyqeH H H3ry6H
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AHKoj !:beroBoj My.nPOCTH, KpalbeBCTBO >KHBIbaille y pa­ HQCJ!eoHuK
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6HcAaB, KOjH rrO"IHHH MHora H cTpaillHa 3Aa. KaKo BpeMe HeliaK Kpuc­
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TprreTH !:beroBe HerrpaB.ne, Te YCTaille npOTHB Kpalba H
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Kpene.M.Up.
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KpenUMup no­
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mylte He.Ml&e.
y rrpHjaTeIbCTBY, Te.na KperreMHpoB CHH CBeTopaJ( YSMe sa BeHl{QH>e He­
>KeHY !:beroBY KhH. Te HeM"IeBe MOA6e CBH.neille ce KpalbY Mal,la U CAO­
eeHa U cma6u­
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AaH MUp.
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KperreMHpoBa rroTpaja .nBa.neceT ro.nHHa H Meceu: .naHa, a Ceemopao.
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291
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6Aare HapaBll, n060JKaH II 60r060jruKIbllB. POJl.ll My ce je­ CKOBOl)a KllC yna.ne C MonHOM BOj-
Jl.aH CllH KOMe Jl.a.ne llMe Pa.nOCAaB, HaKOH qera OJl.e Ha Beq­ II naAenll qacAaBlheBe Y2pU ynaoHy y
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215
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HO Y30XOAll, Te Ha HaroBop CBOjHX CBprHY oua C
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y AnyJlujy.
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My npBO 0Jl.pe3aTll HOC II yllIll, a nOTOM ra YTonllTll y peUll CpeMY·
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ocma npasaH.
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lhaHllMa, 360r qera 6ejaxy y HenplljaTelhCTBY H CBaKOJl.HeB­ PaOOClla8.Jbee.

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nAaHllHe, na Ka.n ce CapaueHll BpaTllllIe y cBojy 3eMlhY, H

292 293
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i\aTHHH ce XTe,ll.OIlle BpaTHTH y cBoje rpa.n.OBe. CAOBeHH HX
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lla6.llUMUp ,ll.e O,ll. CTpaHe npOTHBHHKa, 3aMOAH BeAa,ll.a HanyCTH PHM,
cmWICe Y y3 o6ehaThe ,ll.a he pa,ll.O nohH 3a H>HM KaMO ro,ll. ,ll.a HX O,ll.­
rpy:>K. Be,ll.e, 3aje,ll.HO ca 2KeHaMa, ,ll.ell,OM H CBOM CBOjOM HMOBH­
HOM. )KeAehH HM y,ll.OBOlbHTH, BeAo HX npeBe,ll.e H3 AnyAHje
y,llaAMall,Hjy, y MeCTO 3BaHO fPY2K. Y3 2KeHe H ,ll.eIJ,y poba­
Ka, y IlaBAHMHpoBoj npaTH>H 6ejaIlle H neTCTO BOjHHKa.
Ka.n. CAoBeHH ,ll.03HaIlle 3a H>eroB ,ll.OAa3aK, CMeCTa MY no­
CAallle cBoje H3aCAaHHKe, MOAehH ra ,ll.a ,ll.obe K H>HMa H ,ll.a
npeY3Me BAaCT Ha.n. Kpan"eBcTBoM Koje My no npaBy npH­
na.n.a. O,ll.a3BaBlllH ce H>HXOBHM MOA6aMa H HCKpll,aBIllH ce
Ha KonHO, IlaBAHMHp nO'le Ha 06MH He,ll.MeKO fpY2Ka rpa­
,ll.HTH yTBpbeThe KaKO 6H, y cAyqajy ,ll.a ce Mopa BpaTHTH
Gsileje fiaW HaTpar, HMao CHryPHO MeCTO r,ll.e ce M02Ke nOByhH. BeCT 0
rOBopa, 6H y,ll.OBOlbeHO ThHXOBOj MOA6H 3a MHP, HO y3 YCAOB
aymop (non TOMe CTH2Ke H ,ll.0 lbY,ll.H KOjH ce 6ejaxy CnaCHAH H3 pyIlle­
,ll.a Meba H3Meby nOKpajHHa H 3eMan"a y noce.n.y 06a HapO,ll.a
,l!YYUbal-l.UH.) Y BHHa EnH,ll.aypa H ca.n. 2KHBlbaxy y IllyMaMa H ,ll.pyrHM npH­
3a6.Jlyau Jep b.
zpaa PO,ll.HO 3aIllTHheHHM MeCTHMa, Te nOXHTarne nOMOllH IlaB­
,l!y6pOBH.UKje AHMHpy Y H3rpa.n.H>H YTBpbeH>a. IlpeMa ThHXOBOj pe'lH Aayc
ymeMe.JbeH. 3a »KaMeH>e~ ,ll.a.n.Ollle Toj TBpbaBH HMe i\ay3Hj, HO 3aTHM
700 zoauH.a npOMeHOM CAOBa A y P nOCTa Payca, npeM,ll.a ce Ta KYAa
npe onucaHUX IT,";;:
36usaf-ba. HAH TBpbaBa Ha3HBa H HMeHOM ~vpOBHHK, no IllYMaMa
r,ll.e je H3rpabeHa, C 063HpOM Ha TO ,ll.a je ».n.y6paBa« Ha CAO­
Payca ce BeHCKOM HCTO IllTO H »IllYMa«. Ila, ,ll.aKAe, He 3a.n.OBOlbHBIllH
H.eKaiia 3Sa.Jla ce OHHM H3aCAaHCTBOM, CAOBeHH H3 '-IHTaBOra Kpan"eB­
/layca.
CTBa, a HapO'-IHTO OHH H3 Tpe6HH>CKOr Kpaja, npHAa3HIlle Y <
BeAHKOM 6pojy IlaBAHMHPY. ,llOBpIllHBlllH rpa.n.H>y YTBpbe­
H>a H nOCTaBHBlllH TaMO jaKe CTpa2Ke C OCTaTKOM EnH,ll.a­
ypa, IlaBAHMHp KpeHy Ha nyT. CTH2Ke npBO y Tpe6HH>e,
r,ll.e ra npHMHIlle y3 BeAHKe nO'-IaCTH, Te 3a BpeMe TherOBOr
lla6.llUMUp 60paBKa TaMO CBH KHe2KeBH H nAeMHhH H>erOBOr Kpan"eB­
KPYH.UcaH. y CTBa My ,ll.ObOIlle y noxo,ll.e, H3Y3eB 2KYnaHa PaIllKe, KOjH
Tpe6uf-by. 6ejaIlle nOTOMaK THXOMHAOBOr pO,ll.a. IlaBAHMHp 6H no-
CTaBlbeH H OKpYH>eH 3a Kpan"a Ha ,ll.aH Ba3HeceH>a focno,ll.­
Ther. Ho KOAHKO ro,ll. ,ll.a My 6ejarne MHAO 3a,ll.HBlbyjyhe
217 CarAacje KHe2KeBa y O.ll.AYll,H ,ll.a ra npOrAace Kpan"eM, CHAHO
ce HnaK paCp,ll.H Ha 2KYnaHa Te CTOra O.ll.AyqH 3a­
Yxsamu ce y . BaH llpeBa.JlU­
KOw.may c paTHTH C H>HM. CKYllHBIllH BOJCKY Hana,ll.Hy H>eroBe 3eMlbe,
pawKUM Y 'lHjy 0,ll.6paHY CTynH C 6pOjHHM lbY,ll.CTBOM lbYTOMHP Oep
:>KynaH.DM TO 6ejarne HMe 2KYflaHa PaIllKe), Te ce YXBaTHIlle y KOIllTall,
lbyTrl.QM.upDM. Ha pell,H i\HMY. )KynaHoBa BojcKa, He ycne O,ll.OAeTH HaBMH
IlaBAHMHpoBHX 60pall,a, npeTpne nopa3 H 6H HaTepaHa y
294
6eKCTBO. IlaBAHMHP KpeHy y nOTepy 3a H>HMa CBe,ll.O ,ll.pyre
je,ll.He peKe, 3BaHe 116ap, r,ll.e HX ,ll.eAOM noy6Hja, a ,ll.pyre )f(ynaH
3apo6H 2KHBe. IlpeAa3ehH MOCT Ha HCToj pell,H 2KYnaH no­ nOZUH.e oil
pYKe 6.llac­
rH6e O,ll. PYRe je,ll.HOra CBor BojHHKa y MHAOCTH IlaBAHMHpa, mumux Jbyau.
KOjH ra 3aKAa H 6all,H y peKY. O,ll.HeBIllH n06e.n.y, IlaBAHMHP
3arOCnO,ll.apH Kpan"eBCTBOM CBOjHX npe,ll.aKa, a 3eMlba ce
CMHpH no,ll. H>eroBoM BAalllhy. Y cnOMeH Ha Ty no6e.n.y no­
llaS.JlUMUp
,ll.H2Ke y PalllKoj y 6AH3HHH KaA,ll.aHe ll,pKBY CB. IleTpa, no­ U3<mQ!OU zpail
Kpaj Koje Ha 6pery H3rpa.n.H rpa.n. KOjH no H>eMY ,ll.06H HMe
BeAo, Te YTeMelbH TaMO 6HCKYnHjy Koja nOCTojH jOlll H ,ll.aH­ CpeMje
,ll.aHac. KpeHy 3aTHM y noceTy CBHM nOKpajHHaMa CBora .Mecmo K'.Dje
Kpan"eBCTBa, HO Ka.n. CTH2Ke y CpeM, TaMOIllH>H ce HapO,ll., Kacuooop y 3.
CTynHBIllH y caBe3 C YrpHMa, HaOPY2Ka H CKYnH CHa2KHY Kf-bU3U H.a3USa
ceiluwme.M
BOjCKY npOTHB Thera. 3aMeTHYBlllH 60j C H>HMa, IlaBAHMHp roma.
HX nOTyqe, nopa3H H H3BpIllH CTpaIllaH nOKOlb, a O,ll. Tora
llaS.JlUMUp no­
ce BpeMeHa MeCTO Te 6HTKe y cnOMeH Ha O,ll.HeceHy n06e.n.y myt.te CpeMye
30Be nOlbeM BeAHHo. Ha TO YrpH, 60jehH ce ,ll.a 6H IlaB­ U Yzpe.
AHMHp nO,ll.CTaKHyT THM H>HXOBHM Hana.n.OM Morao HaHeTH Yzpuu
IllTeTe ThHXOBHM 3eMlbaMa, ynyTHIlle My MOA6y ,ll.a CKAone llas.JlU.Mup
MHp. HaKOH .n.yrOTpajHHx 060CTpaHHX pa3roBopa H npe­ clUl.one .MUp.
rpaHuya
u3M.eby Yzap­
6y,ll.e peKa CaBa, Te ,ll.a y5y.n.yhe HH YrpHMa HH CAOBeHHMa CK'.e U lla6.llu­
.MUPOBOZ Kpa-
He 6Y,ll.e ,ll.onylllTeHo npehH Ty rpaHHIJ,y. CKAOnHBlllH MHP, JbeSCmBa.
IlaBAHMHp ce 3anyTH y IlpHMopje, HO Ka.n. ce 3aTeKHy y
lla6.llU.Mup
Tpe6HThY, nOKOCH ra H3HeHa.n.Ha CMpT Te ra caxpaHHllle
Y.Mpe Y
TaMO y ll,pKBH CB. ApxaHbeAa MHXajAa y3 BeAHKe norpe6He Tpe6uf-by.
nO'-IaCTH, a 'lHTaB ra Hapo,ll. H>erOB JOIll .n.yI'O OnAaKHBallle.
Ce,ll.MOra ,ll.aHa HaKOH TheI'OBe CMpTH 2KeHa My PO,ll.H CHHa ,l!y6poBt.taHU U
Tpe6Uf-bl.Ju je­
KOMe ,ll.aIlle HMe TjeIllHMHp. CBH KHe2KeBH y Kpan"eBCTBY
auHU ocmaH.Y
0,ll.6HIlle nOCAYlllHOCT ,ll.eTeTY, nO'leBlllH O,ll. THXOMHAOBHX sepH.u KPQJbY
nOTOMaKa H3 PaIllKe. Tpe6HThll,H H i\aY2KaHH je,ll.HHH OC­ TjewUMupy.
TaIlle BepHH CBOMe KPan"y, a TO H3 pa3Aora IllTO y Tpe6HH>y
H y .lly6pOBHHKY 6ejaxy pOball,H no MYIllKOM KOAeHy Tje­
IllHMHpOBe MajKe. CyO'-IHBlllH ce C n06YHOM HapO,ll.a, ,ll.e'la­
KOBa ce MajKa, Ka,ll. oBaj ,ll.OCerHY MAa.n.HhKO ,ll.06a, no6pHHY
,ll.aTH My 3a 2KeHY je,ll.HY O,ll. KbepH qy,ll.OMHpa, 6aHa BeAe
218
XpBaTCKe. TjelllHMHp je ,ll.OBe,ll.e KYhH H ,ll.o6H C H>OM ,ll.Ba
CHHa, IlpeAeMHpa H KpelllHMHpa. Ka.n. OHH O,ll.paCTOIlle,
OTall, TjelllHMHp nOCAa KpeIllHMHpa 6aHY BeAe XpBaTCKe,
CBOM TaCTy, C MOA6oM,ll.a ca CBOjHM lbY,ll.HMa Hana.n.He 6aHa
BocHe, ,ll.OK 6H OH C ,ll.pyrHM CHHOM nOBeo BOjCKY y npeBa­
AHTaHCKH Kpaj. BaH OBe nOCAe,ll.H>e nOKpajHHe cynpoT­
CTaBH HM ce, na Ka.n. ce YXBaTHIlle y KOlllTall" HCTH Taj 6aH maHe nailHe Y
nom6e y 6ojy, a TjeIllHMHp, KOjH 6ejaIlle paH>eH, Ha Kpajy 6ojy.
nO.ll.AerHY paHaMa. TjeIllHMHpoB CHH IlpeAeMHp, 3axBa­
lbyjyhH Toj n06e,ll.H, BpaTH ll,eAY BeAY XpBaTcKY no,ll. CBOjy
295
 --..---

BAaCT, Te 61i OKpYl:beH sa Kpalha Ii saBAa,na KpalheBCTBOM ,lly6paBa Ii ,lla6ap. CBeBAa.ny rraK ,n;a,ne 3eMlbe Koje AaTIiHIi
KpaJb

IIpeJ!UMup.
CBOjliX rrpe.n:aKa. BpaT lheroB KpeIllIiMlip, MeI)YTIiM, 30BY Cy6MoHTaHa, a CAOBeHH TIo.n:ropje, ca LKYrraHlijoM
OHOroIllT KOjOM cy 06YXBaheHH: Mopa'-la, KOMapHliua, TIIi­ PaMa ce

saje.n:HO C yjaKoM, Maj'-lIiHIiM 6paTOM, Orrlba'-lKa YCKOl1lbe, HaJla3U Ha

ilyKfl. ce
AyKY Ii TIAllBY. BocaHCKIi 6aH, YBIi.n:eBIllIi .n:a liM ce He Ba, raUKO, HeBeCIil:be, I'yjIlleBo, KOM, ,lle6pe'-la, HepeTBa Ii ZpaHUl!,U

HQJtQ3U Y
PaMa. ,lleAoBe TaKO rro.n:elbeHe Mel)y CIiHOBIiMa HaSBa Te­
BoeHu, 1':00
MOLKe o.nyrrpeTIi, Ii He rrpli'-leKa l:bIiXOB .n:OAasaK, Hero BOCHe U

zpaoa TyxaJbe.
rr06eLKe Y YrapcKY. He HaliIuaBIllIi .n:aKAe Hli Ha Kora KO 61i TpapxlijaMa, O,n;HOCHO '-leTBPTHHaMa KpalheBCTBa. TIOJKHBIi X.nujeeHa.

My ce cyrrpOTCTaBIiO, KpeIllIiMlip sa.n:061i HaTpar BOCHY· TIpeAeMlip jOllI MHOro ro,n;IiHa, .n:O'-leKaBIllH .n:a BH.n:H Ii
HernlT'O rrOTOM HanyCTIi oBaJ' CBeT He OCTaBHBIllH rrOTOMKe YHYKe CBOjliX CIiHOBa, HaKOH '-lera HarrYCTH oBaj CBeT, a
IIpeCJwe ce --v •
CIiHOBIi ra caxpaHHIlle ys BeAllKe rrO'-laCTIi y
HaJlQ3U nod l:berOB pol)aK C Maj'-lIiHe CTpaHe, Te KpeIllIiMlipy rrplirra.n:e
ZOpOM Xe.MOC U BeAa XpBaTCKa. rOTOBO IiCTOBpeMeHo rrpeMIiHY Ii TIeTap, UpKBIi CB. TIeTpa y PaIllKoj. BpaTY l:beroBoM KpeIllIiMlipy
6ueuwje BAa.n:ap Byrapa, '-llija rrpecToHliua 6ejaIlle rpa.n: TIpeCAaB. pO,n;1i ce CIiH KOMe ,n;a.n:OllIe HMe H KOjH HaKOH
npeCmoHul!,a O'-leBe CMPTIi saBAa,na BOCHOM H BeAOM XpBaTCKOM, Kao H
6yzapClcux KOHCTaHTIiHOrrOlbcKIi Uap, Y JKelbli .n:a ce OKOPIiCTH TOM
1':paJbeea. rrpHAllKOM Ii SaYSMe ByrapcKY, CKYrrli 6pOjHO lby.n:CTBO Te l:beroBIi rrOTOMUH. TIoMeHyTOM CrecpaHY je.n:Ha rrpliAeJKHIi­
roTOBO Y rroTnyHoCTIi rrOKOpliBIllIi ByrapcKo KpalheBCTBO, ua pO,n;1i CIiHa xpOMor Ha 06e Hore, ITO IiMeHY AereT, Kora ilezem.
OCTaBH TaMO CBOjy BOjCKY, a OH ce BpaTH Y KOHCTaH­ HaKOH O'-leBe CMpTIi o,n;Be,n;OIlle y Tpe6Hl:be 6paTlihy BOAe­
TIiHorrOlb. Ho Ta l:beroBa BojcKa He Mora,ne MHpOBaTIi, Te CAaBy. BOPaBehli TaMO, salhy61i ce OH y .n:eBojKY IiMeHa
yrra,ne y Ii sayse je. PallIKIi 6aH, OCTaBIllIi 6es cBoje AOBliua, y lheroBoj CAYLK61i ITO HaAOry BOAeCAaBOBY. Yse je iloeul!,a.
rroKpajHHe, o.n:e y OHOroIllT KpalhY TIpeAeMHpy, saje.n:HO ca sa LKeHY Ii ,n;061i C l:bOM ce,n;aM CIiHOBa KOjIi, Ka,n; rroo,n;pa­
CHHOBHMa TIAeHoM H Pa,nlirpa.n:OM, Kao Ii C KhepKOM TIpe­ CTOIlle, rrOCTallIe O,ll;AIi'-lHIi paTHHUH Ii rrpaBIi jYHaUIi. TIpe­
XBaAOM. 3aTeKOIlle Kpalha y JKYI1aHlijli OHOroIllT. BaHOBa AeMHpOBIi CIiHOBIi, rrO'-leBIllH OCOpHO rrOCTyrraTH C Hapo­
KhH rrpaBa AerrOTliua Ii CBIi.D:li ce KpalhY rrpeKO ,n;OM, HaBYKOllIe Ha ce6e BeAllKY MPJKl:by. Hapo,n; CTora 3a­
CBaKe Mepe, Te OH rrpeKO CBOjliX CAYry .n:a,ne Ha SHal:be MOAH AereTa Ii CIiHOBe l:beroBe ,n;a rrpoTepajy TIpeAeMHpOBe
rrOTOMKe Ii rrpeysMy KpalheBCTBO. AereTOBH ce CHHOBH rro­ JeOuHU

.n:eBoj'-lHHOM ony .n:a he, .n:06Hje Ali je sa JKeHY, rrpe.nyseTIi Cu.neecmep

CBe He 6H All sa,n061i0 HaTpar .n:pJKaBY PaIllKY, KOjy 61i caBeTOBaIlle 0 TOMe C oueM Ii C HajyrAe,n;HHjHM lby,n;HMa y 00 IIpeJ!e.Mu­
rrOTOM rrpe.n:ao 6aHY Ii lheroBHM rrOTOMUIiMa y HacAel)e, HO KpalbeBCTBY, Te YCTaIlle rrpOTIiB rrOTOMaKa Kpalha TIpeAe­ poeux nomo­
ys yCAOB .n:a OHH .n:06POBOlbHO rrpliXBaTe rroKopHoCT PaIllKe Mlipa Ii rr06YHliBllIIi '-lHTaB Hapo,n; CMaKHYIlle CBe 1i3 Kpa­ Ma1':a npoHaoe

lbeBCKe rropo,n;liue, IisyseB CIiABeCTpa, KOjH ce C MajKoM cnacy

IIpe.JlUMUp KpalhY Ii .n:a My ce saKYHY Ha BepHOCT. BaHY ce TO CIiAHO ,l!y6poeHU1':y

o:;;ceHU 1':n.ep je,n;Ba ycrre CKAOHIiTIi y AaysHj. lberOBa MajKa, HaliMe, rro­ 220
CBIi.n:H, Te CTora CMeCTa rrpliXBaTIi rroHy.ny. Kpalh .n:aKAe yse
paw1':OZ 6mw.
sa JKeHY 6aHOBY Khep Ii rrplipe,n;1i pacKoIllHy CBa,n6y. CBora peKAOM 6ejaIlle yrrpaBo 1i3 ,lly6poBHHKa. HaKOH CBIiX TIiX
llIypjaKa Pa,n;Hrpa,n;a rrOCTaBli sa KHesa OHorOIllTa. He.nyro y6liCTaBa, AereTOBIi CIiHOBIi 3aBAa,naIlle 3eMlbaMa CBOjliX
rrOTOM rrpeMIiHy KOH-CTaHTIiHorrOlbCKIi Uap, Te TIpeAeMlip pol)aKa. OTau l:bIiXOB 1i3rpa,nH sa ce6e y KOTOP­
ca CBOjliM TaCTOM 6aHOM ,n;a,ne Mlir PaIllaHIiMa .n:a 6es CKOM SaAHBY, Y MeCTy 3BaHOM Tpajero, Te TaMO rrpeceAH ilezemoe oeop

CBOj ,n;BOp. Ho CBeMoryhli Bor, KOjH He Tprrli CAIi'-lHe SAO­ y KomopC1':OM

219 IiMaAO 06slipa MOry OTepaTIi Ii rroy6lijaTIi CBe TaMOIlll:be 3aJlUey.

PawaHU rpKe, Te IiX PallIaHIi je,n;Hora ,n;aHa saliCTa CBe CMaKOIlle.
noy6ujajy ma- TIpeAeMlip Ha TO o,n;e y PaIllKY ca CBOjliM TaCTOM, Te je
MOWlUe rp1':e.
rrpe,n;a y rroce,n; l:beMY Ii l:beroBHM rrOTOMUIiMa, sa,npLKaBIllIi
sa ce6e CaMO KpalheBCKY '-laCT. )J{eHa l:beroBa TIpeXBaAa PO­
'-lIiHe, y6pso sa,na AereTY Ii lherOBIiM CHHOBHMa TaKaB
y,n;apau ,n;a CBIi rrOYMlipaIlle o,n; KYre Ii ,n;pyrliX 3aAa. Ka,n;
BH.n:e TO oHaj Hapo.n: KOjli IiX 6ejaIlle rro,n;CTaKHYO Ha sAa,
CHAHO ce rrpeCTpaIllIi, 60jehli ce ,n;a 61i rocrro.n: Ii rrpOTHB Cu.neecmep

,n;1i HaKOH Tora TIpeAeMHpy '-leTHpH CIiHa, XBaAliMlipa, l:bIiX Morao rrOKasaTIi TaKBY cpI,l6y. OKYrrHIlle ce CTora Ha npey:'J,)l.te

Behalhe H O,ll;AyqliIlle rrOCTaBIiTIi 3a CBora Kpalha CIiABeC­ 1':paJbeecmeo.

BOAeCAaBa, ,llparlicAaBa H CBeBAa,na. Y LKelbH ,n;a My CIiHO­ 00 moza cy

IIpeJ!UMUp Bli LKHBe Mel)yc06HO y MHPY, OTau liM jOIll sa JKIiBOTa ,n;o­ Tpa, je,n;IiHor (KaKO peKOCMO) KOjH 6ejaIlle rrpOHallIao crrac 1':paJba,l!y­
nooeJ!u ceoje .n:eAH CBaKOMe ,n;eo KpalheBCTBa. XBaAHMIiPY .n:a.n:e 3eTY C y ,lly6POBHHKY. CIiABeCTap TaKO HarrYCTH ,lly6pOBHHK H 6pOe1{aHU om-

KpaJbeecmeo. OKOAIiHOM Koja MeCTa: AYKa, TIo,n;AYLKje, rOpCKa, rrpey3e BAaCT Ha,n; O'-lHHCKIiM KpalheBCTBOM, a 3a BpeMe 1':ynu..nu ceoja

lherOBor JKHBOTa seMlba je JKIiBeAa y cpehH. Kao 60r060­ mpu ocmpea,

KyrreAHHK, 06AHK, TIparrpaTHa, UPMHHUa, BY.D:Ba C Kyqe­ mo jecm lllu­

BOM Ii rpHrrOA. BOAeCAaBY ,n;O.n:eAH Tpe6Hlhe C OKOAHIiM Me­ "nL>
<,.U'X..... '-lOBeK, ,n;eAIiO je rrpaB.ny CBIiMa 6e3 pa3AHKe, KaKO naH, ilonyo U

CTIiMa: lby60Mlip, BeTHliua, KpYIlleBliua, BpM, rrpliCTojH. PO,n;1i My ce CIiH Ha3BaH TyreMHp, KOjH HaKOH Kwwt{en.

PlicaH, ,llpa'-leBliua, KOHaBAIi Ii )J{PHOBIiUa. ,llparliCAaBY O'-leBe CMpTIi rrpeyse BAaCT Ha,n KpalheBCTBOM. TyreMlip ce,
ycrreBIllIi ce Ha rrpecTo, OJKeHIi Ii ,n;06H CHHa je,n;IiHua XBa­ KpaJb

,n;a,ne SeMlbe XYMa Ii CTOHCKY JKYI1aHlijy, C MeCTHMa: TIo­ TyZe.MUp.

rrOBO, Ja6CKO, AYKa, BeAHKa rOpa, HMOTCKIi, Be'-lepliropje, AHMHpa, a IisY3eB Tora sa LKIiBOTa He yqliHIi HlillITa ,n;pyro

296 297
 --
Kpaib
,ll.OCTOjHO CrrOMHlbaEba. Y BpeMe EberoBe BAa,ll.aBHHe Ha BAa,ll.HMHpa ,ll.a ce He ,ll.BOyMH H ,n:a ce rrpe,ll.a Y PYKe
XBaJtUMUp.
ll,apCKH ce rrpeCTO Y ByrapcKoj ycrre HeKH CaMYHAO, KOjH Y ByrapHHY, jaMqefiH My,ll.a My oBaj Hehe HaHeTH HHKaKBO
6op6H rrpOTHB rpKa HarrOKOH HCTepa H3 ByrapcKe Te EbeHe SAO HerO,ll.a he, HarrpoTHB. TO HhH Ha EbHXOBY KOPHCT, CBe Beceiia ICpaJba
lloCieJtu ce
BJtaoUMupa
XBaJtUMUPOBO yrEbeTaqe. BejaIlle OH rpll,HMa TaKaB CTpax H TperreT ,ll.a ce H ,n:a ce ByrapHH AOIlle rrOHece rrpeMa lbeMY AHqHO. KpaIb 1t>eZOBUM
ICpaJbeBCmeo. OHH 3a EberoBa 1KHBOTa BHIlle HHKa.ll. He O,ll.Ba1KHIlle rrpH­ BAa,ll.HMHp, 1KaAehH cBoje n:.y,ll.e H 6pHHyhH ce 3a lbHX BH­ lbyihu.ta.
6AH1KHTH ce ByrapcKoj. HaKOH CMpTH KpaIba TyreMHpa, Ille HO 3a ce6e caMora, C 063HPOM Ha TO ,ll.a (KaKO peKOCMO)
,ll.aKAe, HaCAe,ll.H ra CHH lberOB XBaAHMHp. 01KeHH ce OH H 6ejaIlle CBeTH qOBeK, Ha Kpajy rrorrYCTH :myrraHOBHM Haro­
,ll.06H TpH CHHa. TIeTpHCAaBa. JlparHMHpa H MHpOCAaBa. BapalbHMa. OKYrrHBIllH MHOIllTBO, OBHM HM ce peqHMa
TIeTpHCAaBY ,ll.a,ll.e BAaCT Ha,ll. 3eTOM, JlparHMHpy ,ll.O,ll.eAH 06paTH: »HY)K.IJ:a Me CHAH (KaKO MH ce qHHH), rrpe,n:para
Tpe6HEbe H XYM, a MHpOCAaBY TIO,ll.ropje. Ha Kpajy, OCTa­ 6paho Moja, ,ll.a y OBOM TpeHYTKY y,ll.OBOn:.HM OHOj eBaH­
peBIIIH, CKOHqa XBaAHMHP cBoje ,ll.aHe. MHpOCAaB KpeHY QeocKoj H3pell,H Koja Ka1Ke: 'Jl06pOM ce rracTHpy rrpHcTojH
BaJtmaje
je,ll.HOM y rrOXO,ll.e 6paTY CBOM TIeTpHCAaBY H YKpll,a ce Ha 3aA01KHTH .n:yIlly 3a crrac CBora CTa.ll.a' (I1B 10, 11). ByrapHH
CKaoapc/CO
HeKY 6P0,ll.Hu,y, HO TOKOM rrAOBH,ll.6e BaATOM rrO,ll.H1Ke ce o6ehaBa ,ll.a CBe Bac He03AeQeHe rryCTH aKO ja CHQeM H
oAyja, y KOjOj MHpOCAaB rrorH6e 3aje,ll.HO ca CBHMa cBojHMa O,ll.eM rropa3rOBopHTH ce C EbHMe; aKO rraK He yqHHHM TaKO,
H He OCTaBHBIllH HaCAe,ll.HHKa. TIeTpHcAaB Ta,ll.a 3arocrro­ rrpeTH ,ll.a Hehe HarrYCTHTH rrOA01Kaj CBe ,n:OK CBH He rro­
BJtaoa
,ll.apH H 6paTOBn:.eBHM 3eMn:.aMa. Jl06H 3aTHM CHHa KOMe MpeMO O,ll. rAa.ll.H. Bon:.e je, ,ll.aKAe, ,ll.a ce rrpe,ll.aM y EberOBe
llempuCJtaB.
,ll.a,ll.e HMe BAa.ll.HMHP, a Ka.ll. rrpeMHHY, caxpaHHIlle ra y pYKe H rrperrYCTHM My ce Ha MHAOCT H HeMHAOCT, HerOAH
222
ll,pKBH CB. MapHje y ra1KeHHMa. BAa.ll.HMHP, Ta,ll.a MAa,ll.Hh, ,n:a CBe Bac O,ll.Be,ll.eM y BeAHKe rraTEbe H HeBon:.e.« PeKaBIllH KalCo nuwe
KpaJb
rrpey3e BAaCT Ha.ll. KpaIbeBCTBOM, a OCHM TeAeCHe AerrOTe, TO H rr03,ll.paBHBllIH ce ca CBHMa, O,ll.e CaMYHAY KOjH ra, TeK COIjJUjuH,
BJI_aihu.tup.. 6 B 6' 6 IllTO ra ce ,ll.oqerra, rrporna y Kpaj KO,ll. y MeCTO iipeBHo UMe
KOJOM ra ,ll.O pH or eJaIlle 0 ,ll.apHO, KpaCHAe cy ra Be­
221 AHKa MY,ll.POCT H CBeTOCT. 3a BpeMe EberOBe BAa,ll.aBHHe 3BaHO tTIpecrra, r,ll.e My 6ejame rrpeCTOHHll,a. CaMYHAO Ha­ Oxpuoa
6ejawe
crrOMeHYTH CaMYHAO, ll,ap Byrapa, rrpo,ll.pe ca CHa1KHOM KOH Tora C qHTaBOM CBOjOM BOjCKOM HacpHy Ha Y All,Hlb, HO il.WCHUO,OOIC
BOjCKOM Y JlaAMaIJ,Hjy H CTa.ll.e xapaTH 3eMn:.OM KpaIba BAa­ He ycrreBIllH 3aY3eTH rpa,n:, rroxapa JlaAMall,Hjy CBe ,n:o za Tum il.uBuje
,ll.HMHpa. OBaj rrOCAe,ll.EbH, 'WBeK qeCTHT H je,ll.HOCTaBaH, 3a,ll.pa, a y3 OCTaAa 3Aa Koja HaHece ll,eAOM Kpajy, CrraAH HU3UBU
KaKO He 6H rrorHHYO HHTKO O,ll. EberoBHX, He XTe,ll.e yhH y Aay3Hj H KOTOp. HaHece TaKOQe BeAHKe IllTeTe H BOCHH H AClCypuoa.
fYOpyZUM
paT HH cyrrpoTcTaBHTH ce CaMYHAY. YMeCTO Tora, rrorre ce PaIllKoj, Te ce Ha Kpajy, He OCTaBHBIllH HHTH je,ll.HY je,ll.HHY u3BopUMa
Ha BpAO BHCOKY ITAaHHHY 3BaHY 06AHK H CMeCTH ce TaMO CTBap qHTaBOM H HeTaKHYTOM, BpaTH y ByrapcKY. 3a Bpe­ HaJta3UMO
ca cBojHMa. YBH,ll.eBIllH ,ll.a He M01Ke HHKaKO HaIllKO,ll.HTH Me CBHX THX 36HBalba BAa.ll.HMHP 6ejaIlle y 3aTOqeHHllITBY UMe llpeCJlaB.
KpaIbY BAa.ll.HMHPY CBe ,ll.OK je CKAOlbeH y 6p,ll.HMa, ByrapHH H, yrrpKOC TOMe IllTO cy C EbHM BpAO AOllie rrocTyrraAH, OH je CaMYUJIo
ByzapuH
,ll.eo cBoje BojcKe OCTaBH y rrO,ll.H01Kjy ITAaHHHe, a C OCTaT- CBe TO rrO,ll.HOCHO C HeH3MepHHM CTprrn:.elbeM. MyqehH TeAO CUJlOBUmO
OJllj,UHUjYM, KOM n:.Y,ll.CTBa OH AHqHO KpeHY y oCBajaEbe OAll,HHHYMa. Y
rrOCTOM, qeCTO ce MOAHTBOM o6pahao rocrro.n:y ,ll.a My rro­ xapu
oaHac YJllj,Wfo. 6 6 6 '

TO,ll.O a, y p,ll.HMa r,ll.e BAa,ll.HMHp rrpe HBaIlle ca CBOjHMa, <
6ejaIlle MHoro 3MHja OTpOBHHll,a Koje y6Hjaxy n:.y,ll.e, 6aIll
Kao H 1KHBOTHEbe. Ka.ll. BAa.ll.HMHP BHje KaKBe He,ll.ahe Tprre
EberoBH n:.y,ll.H O,ll. THX 3BepH, rrOKopHOM ce MOAHTBOM
06paTH Bory ,ll.a HX OCAo60,ll.H Tora 3Aa. rOCrrO,ll.HH YCAHIllH
f.{yoecHaMon Ty lberOBY MOAHTBY, Te OTa.ll. He caMO ,ll.a HHTKO O,ll. lbHX He
MOJlUmBe CTpa.ll.a O,ll. ryje Hero CBe ,ll.O ,ll.aHa ,ll.aHallilbera 3MHje H
KpWba ,ll.pyre OTpOBHe 3BepH Tora Kpaja He MOry HallIKO,ll.HTH
BJlaoUMupa. Y
n:.y,ll.HMa. BH,ll.eBIllH, ,ll.aKAe (KaKO peqeHO), ,ll.a ce CHAOM
He M01Ke ,ll.OMohH KpaIba BAa.ll.HMHpa, CaMYHAO ra CTa.ll.e
rrYTeM CBOjHX H3aCAaHHKa MaMHTH ,ll.a CHoe C rrAaHHHe, y3
o6ehaEbe ,ll.a My Hehe HaHeTH HHKaKBO 3AO. Ho Ka.ll.
BAa.ll.HMHP O,ll.6H ,ll.a rroBepyje THM rropYKaMa, je,ll.aH O,ll. Ebe-
KpaJba roBHX :myrraHa rroTajHo ,ll.ojaBH CaMYHAY ,n:a he My rrpe,ll.aTH
BJlaoUMupa y PYKe BAa.ll.HMHpa H CBe EberOBe n:.y,ll.e aKO My 3aY3BpaT
U30a jeoaH 00 6Y,ll.e o6ehaHa HeKa BeAHKa Harpa.ll.a. CaMYHAO My Ha TO
H:>eZ08UX lbyOU.
o6eha 6p,ll.a H ,ll.OAHHe, Te :myrraH CTa.ll.e y6eQHBaTH KpaIba
298
MorHe H ,n:a My ce CMHAyje. Je,ll.He My ce HohH y CHY jaBH j{aJtMUlj,ujOM.
aHQeO rOcrro,n:EbH, xpa6pehH ra H HaroBellIhyjyhH My IllTa
Kpaiby
he My ce ,ll.OrO,ll.HTH, Te ,n:a he ra rOcrro,ll. H36aBHTH H3 3aTO­ BJlaihu.tupy
qeHHIllTBa H ,n:a he My MyqeHHIllTBO oCHrypaTH MeCTO y y/(Q}/(e ce
KpaIbeBCTBY He6eCKOM. Ta BH3Hja BpaTH cHary 6Aa1KeHOM aHOeo.
BAa,ll.HMHpy, Te ce OH JOIll rrpe,ll.aHHje rrOCBeTH MOAHTBaMa
H pa3HHM TeAeCHHM Tprrn:.eEbHMa. Je,ll.HOra ,n:aHa Kocapa, Kocapa, ICnu
KhH CaMYHAOBa, ,n:OQe K ou,y 3aKAHEbyhH ra ,n:a joj ,n:orrYCTH ICpaJbU CaMy­
rroceTHTH 3aTBopeHHKe H 3a n:.y6aB HX B01Kjy orrpaTH. AaKO UJla, nepe
,ll.06HBllIH ,n:03BOAY O,ll. Oll,a H YIllaBIllH y TaMHHu,y, H3MeQY Hoze 3umeo­
peHUlj,UMa.
OCTaAHX 3aTBopeHHKa Koje orrpa 6ellIe H KpaIb BAa.ll.HMHp.
BH,ll.eBIllH rro,n:06y lberoBY KpacHY, a HapOqHTO CKPOMHOCT,
pa36opHTOCT H MHAHHy EberOBHX peqH, Ka.ll. ce BpaTH ou,y
6all,H ce rrpe,n: EbHM Ha Kon:.eHa, MOAehH ra ,ll.a OCAo60,ll.H
BAa,ll.HMHpa H3 TaMHHll,e H ,ll.a joj ra ,ll.a 3a MY1Ka. TIPOMHC­
AHBIllH 0 TOMe KaKO je BAa.ll.HMHP ,n:peBHor KpaIbeBCKOr pO­
,ll.a, Te KaKO ra Kpace CBe OHe BpAHHe Koje TaKBOM qOBeKY
299
 "...
KpQ.Jb rrpllcToje, pa,n:o ,n:a,n:e CBOj rrpHCTaHaK KhepllHllM MOA6aMa.
Bnailu.Mup OCA060,n:ll ra, ,n:aKAe, 3aTO'leHllIIlTBa, Te ra O,n:eHY Kpan::,eB­
oc.rto6obeli sa­
CKOM O,n:OPOM. ,lla,n:e My 3a 2KeHY Khep CBOjy 11 rrpllpe,n:ll
mOtteliulUmea. 6' .
O;K;eIiU ce Kpan::,eBCKy r03 y KOJOJ rrpllcYCTBOBaxy CBll BeAllKaIIlH u.e­
roBor Kpan::,eBCTBa. Ha Kpajy My BpaTll O'lllHCKO Kpan::,eB­
CTBO, KOMe rrpl1,l(o,n:a 11 ,llpa'l C 'lllTaBllM rro,n:pyqjeM rro,n:
KocapOM. yrrpaBoM Tora rpa,n:a. He 3a,n:OBOlhHBIIlll ce TllMe, BAa,n:ll­
MHPOBOM cTpml,Y ,llparHMllpy BpaTll Tpe6mhe H CBe OCTaAO
IIlTO My 6ejaIIle 0,n:y3eo. BAa,n:llMllP rrOBe,n:e 2KeHY CBOjOj Ky­
hll, r,n:e 2KllBlhaIIle C IhOMe y CBeTOCTll 11 yrrpaBlhaIIle Kpa­
223 lheBCTBOM Ha BeAHKy pa,n:ocT Hapo,n:a. He,n:yro rrOTOM Ca-
PaaO.MUP MyllAo ByrapllH HarrYCTH oBaj CBeT, a HacAllje,n:ll ra IherOB
liac.rteau OlJa CllH Pa,n:OMllp, KOjH 3aTllM y HerrpecTaHllM paToBaIhllMa C
Ca.Myu.na. fpU;l1Ma 3aY3e IhllXOBe 3eMlhe CBe ,n:o KOHCTaHTllHOrrOlha.
rpttl\U nuClJU Ha TO u;ap BacllAllje, 60jehll ce ,n:a 611 ra Pa,n:OMllP MOrao
m Th~ . usoajliuttlCu
U AlllI1llTll u;eAor IheroBor u;apCTBa, rrOCAa TaJHor 113aCAaHllKa
Mcmo mo nUlUe IheroBY 6paTllhy BAa,n:llcAaBY, HaroBapajyhll ra ,n:a OCBeTH
U 30liapa y 3. CMpT CBora ou;a, Kora CaMYHAO 6ejaIIle ,n:ao YCMPTHTH, Kao
ceeclJu. 11 ,n:pyrora CBOr 6paTa. 06eha My YCTO ,n:aTll , 113BpIIlll All
OCBeTY, CBe KpajeBe KOjH HKa,n:a 6ejaxy y Pa,n:OMHpOBOM
PaaOMUP rroce,n:y. nO,n:CTaKHYT u;apeBOM rrOHy,n:OM, BAa,n:llCAaB He
usoajliuttl\U rrO'leKa ,n:yro, Ka,n: je,n:Hora ,n:aHa y AOBY y6Hje Pa,n:OMHpa.
y6ujeli.
YBH,n:eBIIIH, MebYTHM, ,n:a IherOB rroce,n: Ha,n: KpalheBCTBOM
Hehe 6HTH cHrypaH TaKO ,n:yro ,1lPK je 2KHB Pa,n:OMHpOB 3eT
BAa,n:HMHP, CTa,n:e ra rro,n: H3roBOPOM rrpHjaTelhCTBa MOAHTH
,n:a ,n:obe K IheMy. Ka,n: TO qy BAa,n:HMHpOBa 2KeHa Kocapa,
60jehH ce ,n:a 6H My ce MOrAO ,n:oro,n:HTH HCTO IIITO 6ejaIIle
CHaIIlAO H Ihe3HHor 6paTa Pa,n:OMHpa, 3a,n:p2Ka My2Ka KO,n:
Kyhe, a OHa o,n:e K BAa,n:HCAaBY He 6H AH rrpoHHKHyAa Ihe­
roBe HaMepe. BAa,n:HCAaB je ,n:O'leKa y3 rrO'laCTll H3aIIlaBIIlH
joj y cycpeT C 6POjHOM rrpaTIhOM. 3aTHM rrOHOBHO rrOCAa
cBoje lhy,n:e ca 3AaTHHM KPCTOM, 3aKAHIhyhll ce CBOjOM Be~"
POM H 06ehajyhH BAa,n:HMHPY ,n:a My Hehe HaHeTH HHKaKBO
3AO, Beh caMO ,n:06po, Te ,n:a he ra Ha Kpajy 3aje,n:Ho ca
2KeHOM IherOBOM HcrrpaTHTH y3 HajBehe rrO'laCTH H Ha
BeAHKO IherOBO 3a,n:OBOlhCTBO. BAa,n:HMllP, Kao rr0602KaH 11
je,n:HoCTaBaH 'lOBeK, rrOBepOBa TllM pe'lllMa 11 rroHy,n:H ce
rrohH y rroceTY, HO caMO aKO My BAa,n:HCAaB YMeCTO 3AaTHa
KpCTa rrOlIlan::,e ,n:pBeHO pacrrehe. npHMllBlIIH Taj O,n:roBOP,
BAa,n:HCAaB My CMeCTa rrOCAa ,n:Ba 6HCKyrra H je,n:Hor rryc­
THIhaKa C ,n:pBeHHM pacrreheM Koje 6ejalIle 3aTpa.>KHO, KaKO
6H My C IherOBe CTpaHe rropyqHAH H Ha,n: KPCTOM ce 3a­
KAeAll ,n:a My He HaMepaBa HaHeTH HHKaKBO 3AO. ,lloIIlaBIIIH
K BAa,n:HMHpy, 611CKyrrH H rrYCTHIhaK My H3A02KHIIle CBe
KaKO 11M 6ejalIle HaA02KeHO, Te OH KpeHy Ha rryT ca IIla'lH­
U;OM CBOjHX lhy,n:ll. npeM,n:a My BAa,n:llCAaB 6ejaIIle rrYTeM
rrOCTaBll0 3ace,n:e, Bepyjyhll ,n:a he ce TaKO oCA060,n:HTll 3a­
KAeTBe, llrraK BAa,n:llMllp He 611 y611jeH, jep Bor cBeMoryhll
300
He ,n:orrYCTH ,n:a ce OCTBapll BAa,n:llCAaBlheBa 3aMllCao.
HallMe, OHll IIlTO 6ejaxy rrOCAaTll ,n:a YCMpTe Kpan::,a BAa­
,n:llMllpa, BH,n:elIle y IheroBoj rrpaTIhll MHOIIlTBO BojHllKa o,n:
KOjllX CBaKll llMalIle KpllAa 11 Korrlhe y PYU;l1, rra Ka,n: CXBa­ 224
TlllI1e ,n:a cy TO aHbeAll B02KjH, CBll ,n:o je,n:Hora rr06erolIle, a
BAa,n:HMHP cpehHo CTl12Ke y BAa,n:HcAaBlheBY rrpeCToHHU;Y
npecAaB. 3arryTH ce paBHO y Kpan::,eB ,n:BOP, a oBaj yrrpaBo
6ejaIIle rrpH 06e,n:y. yrAe,n:a BAa,n:HMHpa, TO ra CHAHO
03AOBOlhH, jep je XTeo ,n:a BAa,n:HMHp 6y,n:e y6HjeH rrpe HO
IIlTO ce rrojaBH rrpe,n: IhHM, KaKO ce He 6H 'lHHHAO ,n:a je OH
Y3PO'lHHK IherOBe CMpTH. Ho 6y,n:yhH ,n:aje Beh 6HO 'lBPCTO
OMyqHO 0,n:y3eTll My 2KHBOT, CMeCTa Hape,n:H ,n:a My 0,n:py6e
rAaBy. Ka,n: TO BH,n:e BAa,n:HMHP, OKpeHY ce 6HCKyrrHMa Te
11M pe'le: ))0 'laCHH lhy,n:H, 3aIIlTO Me H3,n:aCTe? illTO Bac je KpQ.Jb
HarHaAO ,n:a ce 3aKyHeTe Ha,n: KpCTOM focrro,n:IhHM, KOjH BJWOUMUp
,n:OHeCOCTe ca C060M, ,n:a MH HeheTe HaHeTH HHKaKBO 3AO? nozy6JbeH..
3ap MHCAHTe ,n:a he Bor TprreTH TaKBa 3Ao,n:eAa? He 3Ha­ CnOMUJ-be mo
o,n: cpaMoTe IIITO 6H MY O,n:roBOpHAH, O'lHjy 060peHHx U reopruj
Ka 3eMlhH, HeMll 11 ,n:HPHYTH. npe HO IIITO he My
0,n:py6HTll rAaBY, BAa,n:HMHp H3MOAH ,n:a My,n:ajy npeCBeTO
THjeAo KPHCTOBO, rra Ka,n: ra Y3e ca rrOlIlTOBalheM H rrolhy6H
KpCT, pe'le: ))npe'laCHll oBaj KpCT HeKa MH 3aje,n:HO C BaMa
6y,n:e cBje,n:OK y oBaj ,n:aH focrro,n:IhH ,n:a hy yMpeTH HeBHH.«
ICpQ.Jba
PeKaBIIlH TO, H3abe H3 u;pKBe H rrpe,n:a ce y pYKe CBOMe BnaCiU.Mupa
I,IeAaTY. TaKo My je rrpe,n: TOM U;PKBOM jaBHo 0,n:py6lheHa ooseo y
rAaBa Ha ,n:aH 22. Maja. BHcKyrrH Y3eIIle IherOBO TeAO H ByzapclCy.
rrOKorralIle ra y U;PKBH, a Ha rp06y IheroBY MHorH 60AecHH
H HeMohHH 03,n:paBHIIle. Bor My MPTBOM ,n:a,n:e Taj ,n:ap Kao
,n:OKa3 IheroBe HeBHHOCTH H HCTHHCKor MyqeHHIIlTBa y KO­
Me HarrYCTH oBaj CBeT. BH,n:eBIIlll TO, BAa,n:HCAaB OCTa 3rpa­
HyTHM. ,llorrYCTH CTora IheroBoj 2KeHH, Koja ra ,n:aHOHohHO
'-Jyaa H.a
6e3 rrpeCTaHKa orrAaKHBaIIle, ,n:a o,n:Hece MY2KeBO TjeAo H KpQ.Jba
rrOKorra ra r,n:e ro,n: 2KeAH. OHa ra rrpeHece y KpajHHY, Kpa­ Bnailu.Mupa.
lheBCKy IherOBY rrpeCTOHHU;Y, Te ra rrOKorra y U;PKBH CBeTe
MapHje. fberOBO ce TeAO HeTaKHYTO HaAa3H TaMO jOIIl H Kpajww,
npeCmOHUlJa
,n:aH-,n:aHac, HcrrapaBa 6Aar MHPHC, a Y PYKaMa ,n:P2KH oHaj KpQ.Jba
KpCT KOjll My je rrOCAao 6yrapcKH u;ap. Ha ,n:aH IherOBor BnaoUMupa.
rrpa3HHKa CBaKe ro,n:HHe rrpHCTH2Ke TaMO BeAHKO MHOIIITBO
Hapo,n:a H ,n:aH-,n:aHac ce y TOj U;PKBH MOry BH,n:eTH 6pojHa H KPa.JbulJa
Kocapa ce
BeAHKa 'ly,n:a, 3axBan::,yjyhH yTHu;ajy 6Aa.>KeHOr BAa,n:HMHpa. Sa.MOHalUU.
)KeHa IherOBa, rrpe3peBIIlH oBaj CBeT, y HCTOj ce TOj U;PKBH
3aMOHalIlH. np02KHBeBIIIH y CBeTOCTH OCTaTaK CBora
2KHBOTa, CKOH'la cBoje ,n:aHe. Ho BAa,n:HcAaB, ,n:OK 6Aa.>KeHOr
225
BAa,n:HMllpa rrpeHocHIIle y KOHa'lHY rp06HHU;Y, oKyrrH
BeAHKy BOjCKy H 3aY3e u;eAO IheroBo Kpan::,eBCTBo. O,n:
Mcmo nUlUeu
rp'lKOr u;apa ,n:06H jOlIl H rpa,n: ,llpa'l, yrrpaBo KaKO My oBaj Keopell.
6ejalIle 06ehao 3a rrO'lmheHa y60jCTBa. Ho 6y,n:yhH ,n:a Bor
He XTe,n:e HHrrOIIlTO OCTaBllTH HeKa.>KIheHHMa CBa Ta 3Aa
301
 ----.,..-­
B1I.a,zr;HCAaBlbeBa, KaA OBaJ Je,Z:(He BeqepH Y )lpaqy 6ejaIIle
npH je1l.Y, nojaBH ce npe,Z:( H>HM qOBeK Ha1I.HK B1I.aAHMHPY H
C MaqeM Y p~H. B1I.a,Z:(HC1I.aB, CH1I.HO npeCTpaIIleH, CTaAe
3BaTH BojHHKe Y CBOjy 0,Z:(6paHY, HO aHDeO ra 0,z:( Bora
nOCAaH cBeje'z:(Ho y,Z:(apH H Kpalb na'z:(e Ha MeCTY MpTaB. KaA
BH,Z:(eIIle TO H>eroBH BOjHHl1,H, npeCTpaIIleHH n06eroIIle.
TaKo Taj 1I.0IIl qOBeK, KOjH npe Tora ce'z:(ehH 3a CT01I.0M
6ejaIIle ,Z:(ao y6HTH 611.ffiKeHOr B1I.aAHMHpa, 3a CT01l.0M 6H
nOTOM y6HjeH O,Z:( pyKe aHDe1l.a BO)Kjer. Ka,Z:( 3a TO qy B1I.a­
,Z:(HMHPOB CTpHl1, )lparHMHp, OIqnH MHOIIlTBO lbY,Z:(H He 6H
1I.H 3aA06HO HaTpar KpalbeBCTBO CBOjHX npe,Z:(aKa, Koje My
je no npaBY npHnaAMO. Y TOM noxo.ny CTH)Ke Y KOTOPCKH
3MHB, r,Z:(e ra KOTopaHH ,Z:(OqeKaIIle H3aIIlaBIIlH MY Y cycpeT
H HocehH xpaHY, Te ra 3aM01l.HIIle He 6H 1I.H MY 6H1I.0
3aAOBOlbCTBO 06e'z:(oBaTH Ha OCTPBY CBeTor raBpH1I.a, KaKO
6H OHH Y MeDYBpeMeHY MOr1l.H npHnpeMHTH CBe HJ)KHO ,Z:(a
ra Y CBOM rpa.ny npHMe 'z:(OCTOjHO H C noqaCTHMa Koje
npH1I.Hqe qOBeKy nonyT H>era. )Ke1l.ehH ,Z:(a Y,Z:(OBOlbH M01l.­
6aMa KOTopaHa, )lparHMHp YDe Y 6pO,Z:(HlJ,Y C HeK01l.Hl1,HHOM
CBOjHX lbY,Z:(H H npeBe3e ce Ha TO OCTpBO. ITpHnpeMHBIIlH
je1l.0, KOTopaHH, KOjHX ce 6ejaIIle oKynH1l.o Be1l.HKO
MHOIIlTBO, CTaAOIIle OBaKO MeDY C060M 360pHTH: »CaMYH1I.O
H B1I.a,Z:(HC1I.aB, HeKaA KpalbeBH OBHX nOKpajHHa, ca,Z:( cy
MpTBH, a O,Z:( 'z:(peBHor KpalbeBCKOr po,Z:(a HHje OCTao HHKO
OCHM OBor )lpamMHpa KOjH he, nO)KHBH 1I.H, nOCTyTIaTH C
HaMa no 06Hqajy CBOjHX npe,Z:(aKa, Te he CTBapH KpeHYTH
1I.0IIle no Hac. Y6HjMO ra, ,Z:(aK1l.e, na Ka,Z:( ce OC1I.060,Z:(HMO
ponCKor japMa, HH MH HH ,Z:(eu;a HaIIla HeheMO O,Z:( TOr
TpeHYTKa HaAalbe TpnjeTH HHKaKBa 311.a.« 3aBepHBIIlH ce
CBH TaKO npOTHB Kpalba, Ka,Z:( 6ejaxy 3a CT01l.0M CTa,Z:(OIIle Y
BecelbY jecTH C H>HM, na Ka,Z:( Beh 6ejaxy 3arpejaHH BHHOM,
CBH 3aje,Z:(HO CH1I.OBHTO HacpHYIIle Ha Kpalba. BH'z:(eBIIlH IIlTa­
KomopaHu
y6ujy I\:paJba ce ,Z:(oraDa, Kpalb ce 6p30 CK1I.OHH H nOByqe ce Y 0611.H)KH>Y
J1pQZU.J.(upa. l1,PKBY, na H3BYKaBIIlH Maq H3 KopHu;a 3arpaAH Y1I.a3. Ho
KaA KOTopaHH CXBaTHIIle,Z:(a HM je npHCTyn C BpaTa Y l1,pK-
By 3arpaDeH, noneIIle ce Ha KPOB, OTBopHIIle ra, Te TaKO
YIIlaBIIlH Y l1,pKBY y6HIIle Kpalba KOjH HHje Morao O,Z:(O­
1I.eBaTH OHHMa KOjH cy ra HanaAa1I.H C BpaTa H yje,Z:(HO
OHHMa KOjH cy ce YB1I.aqH1I.H Kp03 OTBOP Ha KpOBy. HaKoH
TOr 311.0qHHa, KOTOpaHH no6eroIIle. KaA )lparHMHpoBa BOj­
CKa ,Z:(03Ha 3a CMpT CBora Kpalba, pa3HDe ce H CBaKO ce
BpaTH CBOMe ,Z:(OMy. ITpHMHBIIlH mac 0 MJ)KeBoj CMPTH,
226 Ll,parHMHpOBa )KeHa ce BpaTH y PaIIlKy 0lJ,Y CBOMe lby­
TOMHPY, r1l.aBHOM paIIlKoM )KJnaHy. Ho ,Z:(03HaBIIlH TaMO ,Z:(a
joj je OTal1, HanYCTHO oBaj cBeT, o,Z:(e y BOCHY 6pahH cBoje
MajKe, 3aje'z:(HO C MajKoM H ,Z:(BjeMa KilepHMa. JOIIl ,Z:(OK
6ejaIIle Ha nyTy, y)lPHHCKOj )KJnaHHjH, y MeCTY 3BaHOM
BpycHa, PO,Z:(H CHHa KOMe ,Z:(a,Z:(e HMe )l06pOC1I.aB, Te ce HeKO
302
BpeMe 3aAp)Ka C H>HMe y EOCHH. Ho nOCYMH>aBIIIH 3aTHM ,a06pOCAae,
Ha HenpHjaTelbcKe 3aMKe, O,Z:(Be,Z:(e ra y)ly6pOBHHK. )l06po­ CUH I\:paJba
C1I.aB Y3e TaMO 3a )KeHY HehaKHH>Y HeKa,Z:(aIIlH>er 6yrapcKor J1pQZU.J.(upa
C/\JWHU ce y
l1,apa CaMYH1I.a, 'z:(eBojKy 1I.enOTHlJ,Y, C KOjOM 'z:(06H neT CH­ ,ay6poeHul\: U
HOBa: MHXalbY, rojHC1I.aBa, CaraHeKa, PaAOC1I.aBa H ITpe,Z:(H­ maMO ce
MHpa. rpqKH l1,ap BaCH1I.Hje, MeDyTHM, ,Z:(03HaBIIlH 3a CMpT OJICeHU.
6yrapcKor l1,apa B1I.a,Z:(HC1I.aBa, oKynH 6pOjHO lbY,Z:(CTBO C CnOMWbe mo
u30Hapa.
KOjHM 3aY3e l1,e1l.Y ByrapcKy, PaIIlKy H EOCHY, a MohHH
H>erOBH 6PO'z:(OBH HCTO TaKO nOKope qHTaBy)la1l.Mal1,Hjy CBe
,Z:(O H>e3HHHX KpajH>HX rpaHHl1,a. BacH1I.Hje je ynpaBlbaO THM
3eMlbaMa npeKo CBOjHX HaMeCHHKa rpqKe HapO,Z:(HOCTH, a
KPHBHl1,OM H>HXOBe 1I.aKOMOCTH TaMOIIlH>e je CTaHOBHHIIITBO
Tpne1l.0 MHore He'z:(ahe. Ka,Z:( TO BH,Z:(e )l06poCAaB, O,Z:(1l.yqH ,Z:(a ,a06pOCAae
je "lac ,Z:(a 3a'z:(06Hje HaTpar KpalbeBCTBO CBOjHX npe,Z:(aKa. oo.J!yt{u
CTaAe CTora C je'z:(He CTpaHe ,Z:(O,Z:(BopaBaTH ce rpqKHM Ha­ sao06umu
Hampaz
MeCHHl1,HMa H XBMHTH B1I.aCT H>HXOBY, Te MY,Z:(POCT C KOjOM Ot{UHCI\:O
,Z:(e1l.e npaB.ny; C ,Z:(pyre je naK CTpaHe nOKa3HBao Hapo.ny lCpaJbeecmeo.
K01l.HKO je Te)KaK japaM H>HXOBOr ponCTBa, nO'z:(cehajyhH HX Teopwj
Ha CBaKO,Z:(HeBHe rpqKe HenpaB,Z:(e, Ha TO ,Z:(a cy HM )KeHe KedpeH
,a06pOCAGea
ocpaMoheHe, a KhepH ,Z:(eBHl1,e 06eIII'IaIIlheHe, IIlTO, roBO­ soee Eojuc.nae.
paIIle OH, H>erOBH npeU;H HHCY HHKaA qHHH1I.H. ITOC1I.J)KHB­
IIlH ce TOM CBojOM 'z:(OMHIIIlbaToIIlhy, npH,Z:(06H HaK1I.OHOCT
HapO'z:(a KOjH, HanpOTHB, 3aMp3H rpKe, Te lbY,Z:(H CTaAOIIle
MeDY C060M pa3MaTpaTH KaKO 6H ce oc1I.060,z:(H1l.H Te MyqHe
nOT1I.aqeHOCTH. CaCTallie ce, ,Z:(aK1l.e, Ha BehaH>e, HaKOH qe­
ra ce je,Z:(Hora ,Z:(aHa n06YHHIIIe H noy6Hjallie CBe l1,apCKe JIOI\:OJb Tpl\:a y
HaMeCHHKe H rpqKe ynpaBHTelbe KOjH cy ce y TOM TpeHYT­ jeoHoM oaHy.
Ky HMa3H1I.H y )lMMal1,HjH. H3BeCTHIIle 0 TOMe )l06po­
C1I.aBa, KaKO 6H ,Z:(OIIlao npey3eTH noce,Z:( Ha,Z:( KpalbeBCTBoM.
OH CMeCTa nOXHTa ca CBojHM CHHOBHMa, M1I.a,Z:(HhHMa KOjH
MHOro 06ehaBaxy, Te npeY3e B1I.aCT y KpalbeBCTBY, a y ,a06pOCAae
say3.Me
60p6H C rpl1,HMa OCBOjH 3eMlbe CBe ,Z:(O Ton1l.Hl1,e. KaA l1,ap lCpG.!beecmeo.
TO ,Z:(03Ha, CP,Z:(HT n03Ba K ce6H je'z:(Hora o,z:( CBOjHX BOjCKO­
BODa, no HMeHY ApMeHon01l.0C, Te My 3anOBe,Z:(H ,Z:(a CKynH
BOjCKy H nOKopH )l06pOC1I.aBa H H>eroBe CHHOBe. ApMeHO­
no1l.0c npHnpeMH CBe HJ)KHO 3a paT, Te ce C BOjCKOM 3a­
nyTH Ha nO'z:(pyqje 3eTe. Ho HH )lo6pOC1I.aB C ,Z:(pyre CTpaHe 227
ca CBOjHM CHHOBHMa He 6ejallie HHnOIIlTO HecnpeMaH, Te H
OH OKynH lbY,Z:(H HajBHIIle IIlTO je Morao. ITO'z:(e1l.H cBoje CHa­
re Ha ,Z:(Ba ,Z:(e1l.a, O,Z:( KOjHX je'z:(aH 'z:(aAe qeTBOpHl1,H CBOjHX
CHHOBa, y3 3anOBeCT ,Z:(a KpeHY Ha HCTOK H 3aYCTaBe ce y
MeCTY 3BaHOM BpaH>e, Te ,Z:(a TaMO qeKajy Kpaj 6HTKe. )lpy­ ,a06pOCAae
rH ,Z:(eo BojcKe 3a'z:(p)Ka 3a ce6e H 3a CHHa PaAOC1I.aBa H C nomyt{e Tpl\:e.
THM CHaraMa HaCpHY Ha rpKe, nOTY'Ie HX H HaTepa y 6eK­
CTBO. CHH H>eroB PaAOC1I.aB nOKa3a npHTOM Be1l.HKy xpa­
6pOCT, jep y3 ,Z:(pyre npOTHBHHKe Koje y6H B1I.aCTHTHM py­
KaMa, 060PH Ha 3eMlhY H CaMor BOjCKOBODY rpKa, IIlTO H
6ejallie r1l.aBHH Y3POK H>HXOBOr nopa3a. OHH naK KOjH 6exy
303
 ,......­
n06erAH, BepyjyhM .n.a cy M3MaK.i\M HenpMjaTelbY, HaAeTeIIIe
MeOYTMM Ha OCTaAe ,ll,06pocAaBlbeBe CMHOBe KOjM 6ejaxy
3aY3eAH MCTO'-me KpajeBe M KOjM noy6Mjarne roTOBO CBe
rp'lKe 6eryHue. Kpalb TOM n06e.n.OM He CaMO .n.a yqBpCTM
CBOjy BAa.n.aBMHY y KpalbeBCTBY Hero .n.o.n.a K TOMe JOIII 3e­
Mlbe OTere M3 PYKY HenpMjaTelba. CMHY Pa.n.OCAaBY, 3a 3a­
cAyre y TOM 60jy y KojeM ce nOKa3a npaBMM M Cp'laHMM
BOjCKOBOOOM, .n.o.n.eAH )K)'naHMjy faUKO. Ka.n..n.o rp'lKor ua­
pa .n.onpeIIIe BeCTM 0 rrorM6MjM M nporraCTM FberoBMx Iby.n.M,
06y3e ra BeAHKa Tyra, a 60jehM ce M ropMX 3aAa, nOCAa
cBoje M3aCAaHMKe C 06MlbeM 60raTMX .n.apOBa KHe:IKeBMMa
KOjM BAa.n.axy HAHPMjOM, a noce6HO :lKynaHY PalllKe, 6aHY
HJl.UpCK11lCfie- BOCHe M rocno.n.apy XYMa, MOAehM MX .n.a CBaKaKO YCTaHY
JlCeeu ce 3aeepe Ha OPY:lKje npOTMB ,ll,06pocAaBa M .n.a ce nOTpy.n.e n06e.ll.MTM
C l~apeM ra. He yqMHe AM TaKO, yrr030paBaIIIe MX Uap, .n.a ce rrpM­
JI,07!;r;:,,.u: . rra3e OXOAOCTM M 6axaTa YMa ,ll,06poCAaBlbeBor M FberoBMX
a a
CMHOBa. CTora )K)'naH PaIIIKe M 6aH BOCHe, oKyrrMBlllM
lbymoeuo, 6pOjHO Iby.n.CTBO, rrOTpa:IKe lbYTOBM.n.a, rocno.n.apa XYMa,
2ocnooap MY:lKa MCKYCHOr M BM'lHOr paTOBaFby, KaKO 6M, CKYnMBlllM
XYMa,
cBoje Iby.n.e, 6MO 3arrOBe.n.HMK CBeYKYrrHe BojcKe.
Keopefi moz rrpMXBaTH nOHY.n.y Te, npM.n.pY:lKMBlllM cBoje je.n.MHMue OHM­
fiaMeCfiUKa y Ma OCTaAe .n.BojMUe, CaCTaBM CHAHY BOjCKY M YTa60pM ce Y
JI,pa'-l.y Ha3Uea Tpe6MFby. fp'lKM uap'Ta.n.a npMKYnM jOlli Iby.n.M, BMllle HO
MUXaUJl.OM cu- ,
HOM Jl.Ozom~ma lllTO MX MKa.n.a npe 6eJarne OKYnMO, a 3a 3anOBe.n.HMKa MM
Afiacmacuja, nOCTaBM TOnapxa KypcMAHja, HaMeCHMKa y ,ll,pa'ly. OBaj
KOju, fia- perpYTOBa CBe Iby.n.e M3 paBHMue y OKOAHUM CKa.n.pa cno-
nao',Lym 00 C06He 3a BOjCKY, Te Hape.n.M nOKpeT je.n.MHMua, npeoe peKY
Cp6UjaHall,a y .
yocOM KJl.aHlI,y, ,ll,PMHY M 3aYCTaBM ce Ha no.n.pyqJY Bapa. ,ll,06pocAaB, Me­
u3zy6u 40 xu- OyTMM, 6ejallie ca CBOjMM 'leTaMa y UPMHMUM, na Ka.n. ra
.1baoa ceojux M3BeCTMllle 0 6POjHOCTM HenpMjaTelba, 06y3e ra cyMFba .n.a
.1byou. 6M Morao CBe M3ry6MTM, aKO npOTMBHM'lKe CHare npeoy
228 . .
KOTOPCKM 3aAMB M y.n.pY:IKe ce CBe 3aJe.n.HO y Je.n.MHCTBeHY
JI,06poCJl.ae- BOjCKY. Ca3Ba Ta.n.a CMHOBe M .n.pyre 3anOBe.n.HMKe cBoje
.1beea 6eceoa BojcKe Te MM CTa.n.e OBaKO 360PMTM: »BM.n.MTe, npe.n.parM
eojfiU/JUMa, CMHOBM MOjM M BM npeXpa6pM MOjM BOjHMUM, KOAHKO je
MHOIIITBO HenpMjaTelba M KaKO je HeMoryhe O.n.OAeTM
FbMXOBOj HaBaAM C TaKO MaAO Iby.n.M, OCMM aKO ce, npe HO
IIITO ce CBM y.n.pY:lKe, He MCKaJKeMO HeKaKBMM jYHa'lKMM
rrO)l.BMroM. CTora MM ce 'lMHM .n.a 6M .n.06po 6MAO no.n.eAHTM
BOjCKY Ha .n.Ba .n.eAa. CMHOBM MOjM MMXalba, npe.n.MMMP M
CaraHeK HeKa C .n.eAOM BojcKe nOTajHo 3ay3My 6p.n.a HenpM­
jaTelbY 3a AeOMMa, a ja hy ca CMHOBMMa fojMcAaBoM M Pa­
.n.OCAaBOM M C OCTaTKOM BojcKe, OCTaTM OB.n.e. Ycpe.n. HohM
HanaCT heMO KypCMAHja cBMpajyhM y Tpy6e, porOBe M .n.py­
re MHCTpYMeHTe ce KopHCTe y pary. Ka.n. TO 'lyjy CMHO­
BH MOjM Y 6p.n.MMa, M Ha 3anOBeCT ce cnycTMTM M3
IIAaHMHe, Te O.n.BaJKHO HacpHyTM Ha HenpMjaTelba. nOAa­
:lKeM Ha)l.y CBOjy Y Bora.n.a heMo, rrOKaJKeMO AM ce rrpaBMM
304
MY:lKeBMMa, Beh OBe HohM MMaTM HenpMjaTelbe y CBOJMM BapaHUfi
pYKaMa.« CBM TO je.n.HorAaCHO npMXBaTMllle, a HaBe.n.eHa YHece
TpM CMHa, KaKO MM OTau 6Mjallie 3anOBe.n.MO, 3aY3ellle 6p.n.a nOMemrt>y y
Zp'-l.Ke peooee.
'leKajyhM TaMO 3HaK 3a Hana.n.. 3a TO BpeMe je.n.aH Ba­
paHMH, KOjM jOlli o.n. cBoje MAa.n.OCTM 6ellle YBeK o.n. rroMohM
,ll,06pOCAaBY, Kao .n.a ra je nOCAao caM .n.06PM Bor HaKAOFbeH
KPalbY, o.n.e y rp'lKM Ta60p M jaBHO yn030pM KypCMAHja .n.a
ce 'lysa Kpalba ,ll,06pocAaBa M FberOBMX cMHoBa, jep je ca
CBMX CTpaHa onKOlbeH FbMXOBOM BOjCKOM. Ka.n. BapaHMH TO
HayMMue pa3rAaCM MeOY rp'lKMM BojHMUMMa, BeAHKa
nOMyTFba M3a3Ba y FbMMa CTpax. BM.n.eBlllM lllTa ce .n.oraOa,
KypCMAHje CMeCTa Hape.n.M .n.a ce CBM HaopY:IKajy M 'leKajy
cnpeMHM 3a 60p6y, a Ha npMKAa)l.Ha MeCTa nOCTaBM CTpa­
:IKe. Ho ,ll,06pOCAaB, Ka.n. My ce yqMHM .n.aje rrpaBM 'lac 3a TO,
nOKpeHY BOjCKY M CTM:lKe CBe .n.o rp'lKMX CTpaJKa, Te MX
.n.eAOM noy6Mja, a .n.eAOM MX HaTepa y 6eKCTBO. Be3 O.ll.Aa­
raFba HaCTaBH Harrpe.n.OBaTM cBMpajyhM y Tpy6e, .n.OK je
OCTaTaK BojcKe BMKOM no.n.M3ao BeAMKY raAaMy. Ka.n. TO
'lYllle KpalbeBM CMHOBM KOjM 6ejaxy 3aY3eAM 6p.n.a M3Ha.n.
HenpMjaTelbcKor Aoropa, CMeCTa ce M OHM cnYCTMllle Y HM­
3MHY BMqyhM M3 CBera rAaca M cBMpajyhM y Tpy6e M .n.pyre
paTHe MHCTpYMeHTe. fPUM naK, 'lyBlllM Ty CHAHY 6YKY, Y
CTpaxy .n.a HMje MO:lK)l.a MCTMHa lllTO MM 6ejallie peKao
BapaHMH M 6y.n.yhM .n.a y MPKAOj HohM HMey BM.n.eAM HMlllTa
OKO ce6e, npeCTparneHM He XTe.n.Ollle .n.albe 'leKaTM .n.OAa3aK
HenpMjaTelba, Beh ce .n.a.n.oIIIe y 6er. ,ll,06pocAaB M FberOBM 229
CHHOBM Ha TO y.n.apMllle Ha fpKe Haj:IKellihe lllTO Moraxy M
JI,06poCJl.ae
HajBehM .n.eo FbMX noy6MjaIIIe, .n.OK .n.06ap .n.eo OHMX 3a nOfioeo nomy­
KojHMa 6ejaxy KpeHyAM y rroTepy CBe .n.o peKe ,ll,pMHe, 3a­ '-I.e TplCe.
p06MIIIe :lKMBe. 3anOBe.n.HMK FbMXOB KypCMAHje je.n.Ba ycrre
paFbeH n06ehM, Te ce CKAOHM Ha no.n.pyqjy CKa.n.pa, r.n.e
HanYCTH oBaj CBeT. Y TOM ce oKplllajy .n.Oro.n.M .n.a ce fOjMC­
AaB, CMH Kpalba ,ll,06pocAaBa, y nOTepH 3a HenpMjaTelbeM
HaMepM Ha oua y lllYMM Kpaj rrOTOKa IIITO npOTM'le npa­
rrpaTHOM, na He npen03HaBlllM ra y OHOj MPKAOj
npoy3poICoea
HacpHy Ha Fbera M 060PMBlllM ra C KOFba XTe.n.e ra y6MTM. CMpm ZP'-l.ICOZ
,ll,06pocAaB Ta.n.a CTa.n.e Ha CaB rAac npM3MBaTM: .nOMMAyj eojclCo80/:je
BO:IKe, nOMMAyj BO:IKe«, a CMH YMax npen03Ha oua, rra KypCUJl.uja.
CMIIIaBlllM C KOFba M 6aUMBlllM ce Ha KOlbeHa, .n.p:IKehM O'le­
BO CTOrraAO, pe'le: ,)OnpOCTM MM, O'le, jep CMrypHO je .n.a Te "IIOMUJl.yj
BOJICe", fia
HMcaM npen03Hao.' OTau My HaTO O.n.rOBOPH: »He 60j ce, UmaJl.ujaficKo
CMHe, jep BO:IKja je MMAOCT jOlli YBeK y3 Hac, Te Me HMCM M"Dio habbi
y6MO, na HM paHMO.« CTora rrp03Ba TO MeCTO ynpaBO TaKO, misericordia"
»Bo:IKje MMAocpoe«, KaKO 360r Tora lllTO ce BO:IKjOM MMAOlll­
hy M36aBM TaMO M3 CMHOBlbeBMX PYKY, TaKO M 360r n06e.n.e
Ha.n. HenpMjaTelbeM KOjy My Ha TOM Mecry Bor 6ejaIIIe no­
.n.apMo. KaKO Beh peKocMo, KypCHAMje nO.ll.AerHY paHaMa, a
diDio"
HaKOH CMpTM ra nOKonallie Ha no.n.pyqjy CKa.n.pa, Te Ha
305
 r
rp06 lberoB rrOCTamUne KpCT KOjH ce JOIll H .n:aH-.n:aHaC
KypClLll11.jee 30Be KypCHAHjeBHM KpCTOM. nOTYKaBIllH TaKO H rrpOTe­
I<:pcm. paBIllH fpKe, KpaIb CMeCTa rrOCAa CBOr CHHa fojHc-AaBa y
rroxo.n: rrpOTHB IbyToBH.n:a H .n:pyrHx KOjH cy ce ca CBOjHM
je.n:HHHu:aMa HaAa3HAH y Tpe6Hlby. ,lla.n:e MY JOIll H rre.n:eCeT
fpKa 3ap06lbeHHX y 60p6H, Te My Hape.n:H .n:a, qHM yrAe.n:a
HerrpHjaTelbCKY BOjCKY, rrOIllaIbe Harrpe.n: y IbYTOBH.n:OB Ta­
60p fpKe JOIll 06AHBeHe KPBlbY O.n: 3a.n:06HjeHHx paHa, a
aKO 6H OBH KOjHM cAyqajeM 0.n:6HAH H3BpIllHTH 3arroBecT,
.n:a.n:e My .n:orrYIllTelbe .n:a HX CBe rrp060.n:e MaqeM. nOcryrrH
OH TaKO He 6H AH IllTO BHIlle 3aCTpaIllHO fpKe H HAlfpCKe
KHe)KeBe. fojHcAaB peBHOCHO H3BpIllH OqeBe 3arrOBeCTH, Te
rrpeBe3e BOjCKY rrpeKO KOTopCKor 3aAHBa H rrpOIllaBIllH Ko­
HaBAHMa ycrre ce Ha ropy KA06YK, rra KpeHY rrpaBO Ha He­
rrpHjaTelbe. Ka.n: HM Beh 6ejaIlle caCBHM 6AH3Y, rrYCTH fpKe
y OKOBHMa, KOjH rro .n:OAacKY y Ta60p IbYToBH.n:a H OCTaAHX
HAHPCKHX KHe)KeBa HcrrpHrrOBe.n:aIlle IllTO ce 6ejaIlle .n:o­
ro.n:HAO C .n:pyrHMa. To H3a3Ba CHAaH CTpax KO.n: CBHX, OCHM
KO.n: IbyToBH.n:a KOjH 6ejaIlle MJ)K xpa6ap H, KaKO je Beh pe­
230 .
qeHO, BHqaH BOJeBalbY. H0 ycrrpKoc TOMe, BH.n:eBIllH KO­
AHKH je CTpax caBAa.n:ao lberOBe BojHHKe, HHje ce YCYOHBao
yxsaTHTH ce y KOIllTau: C HerrpHjaTelbeM, Hero OBaKO rropy­
qH fojHcAaBY: »He 3aBapaBajTe ce, fojHcAaBe, .n:a Me OIll­
TpOyMHOCT H AYKaBOCTH BaIlle Mory 3arrAaIllHTH. Hero, aKO
CTe qOBeK H aKO BaM Y rpy.n:HMa KYu:a IIAeMeHHTO cpu: e ,
Y3jaIllHTe KOlba C .n:BOjHU:OM CBOjHX lby.n:H, a ja hy yqHHHTH
TO HCTO, rra heMo TaKO cHhH y paBHHU:Y H Meoyc06HO HC­
KYIllaTH CHare«. fojHcAaB HHrrOIllTO He XTe OCTaBHTH 6e3
o.n:rOBopa Taj lberOB rr03HB H rrpeTlbe, Hero yqHHH CBe KaKO
6ejaIlle 3aTpa:>KHO IbYTOBH.n:, Te yoe C lbHM Y orpaoeHo 60­
pHAHIllTe, r.n:e IbYToBH.n:a, 36aU:HBIllH ra C KOlba, paHH je­
/bymoe11.o Ha
.n:aH o.n: fojHcAaBlbeBHx BojHHKa rro HMeHY Y.n:06pe. HaTO<
60j11.wmy C
rOjuCJlaeoM. .n:pyrH BOjHHK CTa.n:e BHKaTH: »nOXHTajTe, .n:pyroBH MOjH
BOjHHU:H, jep IbYToBH.n: je palbeH H 6aqeH Ha 3eMlbY!« Ho OH
Ta.n:a .n:030Be HaTpar KOlba, y3jaxa H rr06e)Ke. Ka.n: TO BH.n:e­
Ille lberOBH lby.n:H, H OHH ce CMeCTa .n:a.n:OIlle y 6er. fOjHCAaB
KpeHy y rroTepy 3a lbHMa, MHoro HX YCMPTH, a HeKOAHU:HHY
HX 3ap06H )KHBe, Te ce Ha Kpajy pa.n:OCTaH CAaBo.n:06HTHO
BpaTH CBOjOj BOjCU:H. HaKOH Tora 3eMlba ce CMHpH rro.n:
BAaIllhy,ll06pocAaBa H CHHOBa My. Ka.n: KpaIb ype.n:n CBe y
KpaIbeBCTBy, ceTH ce EapaHHHa KOjH CBOjOM My.n:POIllhy
6ejaIlle BeAHKHM .n:eAOM 3aCAJ)KaH 3a rr06e.n:y, Te ce rro­
Tpy.n:H Harpa.n:HTH ra TaKO .n:a ce HH OH HH rrOTOMU:H My HH­
Ka.n:a He rroKajy 360r .n:06pOqHHCTBa yqHlbeHor KpaIbY. TOM
Bojyuw, rr06e.n:OM ,ll06pocAaB 3a.n:06H HaTpar CBe 3eMlbe OKO ,llpaqa
Meoa,l(06po- H rrpoIllHpH rpaHHu:e CBora KpaIbeBCTBa CBe .n:o peKe
CJlaeJbeeOl BojYIlle, r.n:e 06eAe)KH Meoy H3rpa.n:HBIllH TaMO TBPOaBY H
I(PQJbeeCmBa. . .
rrOCTaBHBIllH CTpa:>Ke CaCTaBlbeHe O.n: JYHaKa Ha OPJ)KJY, a
306
lberoBH lby.n:H O.n:aTAe KpeTaxy y Xapalba 3eMlbOM fpKa.
,ll06pocAaB HaKOH TOra rrO)KHBH JOIll 25 ro.n:HHa H H3.n:axHY
y nparrpaTHH, r.n:e My 6ejawe rrpeCTOHHu:a. nOKOrraIlle ra
y3 HajBehe rrOrpe6He rrOqaCTH y U:PKBH CBeTOr AH.n:pHje, y
lberoBoj KarreAH. CKYrrHBIllH ce HaKOH lberOBe CMPTH, CH­
HOBH lberoBH 3aje.n:HO C MajKoM rrO.n:eAHIlle Meoy C060M rro­ IIOOeJla ,l(0­
KpajHHe KpaIbeBCTBa. fojHcAaBY H npe.n:HMHPY KOjH 6eja­ 6poCJlaeJbeeOl
I(PQJbeecmea.
Ille HajMAaOH O.n: 6pahe, rrpHrraAH cy Tpe6Hlbe H fpHrrOA.
MHXaIbH je rrpHrraAa nparrpaTHa C UPMHHU:OM H 06AHKOM,
a CaraHeK je .n:06HO :>KYrraHHjy fopcKY, KyrreAHHK H Eape­
U:H. Pa.n:OCAaBY .n:o.n:eAHIlle :>KYrraHHjy Koja 06yxsaTa AycKY,
nO,lJ.l\J)Kje H KyqeBo C Ey.n:BOM. KpaIbHu:a MajKa CBe .n:OK 231
6eIlle y )KHBOTy 3a.n:P)Ka y3 ce6e rrpBopooeHor fojHcAaBa,
Kao H BAaCT Ha.n: CHHOBHMa H KpaIbeBCTBOM. 3a lbeHor
)KHBOTa HHTKO ce He ycy.n:H rrpHcBojHTH 3a ce6e KpaIbeBCKH
HaCAOB, Beh ce Ha3HBaxy je.n:HocTaBHo KHe)KeBHMa HAlf
rpocpoBHMa. HaKOH HeKor BpeMeHa, .n:OK fOjHCAaB cxpBaH Tpe611.H:>/&11.
60AeIllhy 6ejaIlle y Tpe6Hlby, HeKOAHU:HHa TaMOIlllbHX lby.n:H 11.30ajH11.t{I(11.
3BaHHX CKp06HMe3H y6H ra y 60AeCHHqKoj rrOCTelbH, a HC­ y611.jy
TO TO rrOTOM yqHHHIlle H C 6paTOM My npe.n:HMHpOM. 3a
rojuCJlaea.
KHe3a CBora Ta.n:a rrOCTaBHIlle je.n:Hora H3 CBOjHX pe.n:oBa, ,l(oHaHel(
rro HMeHY ,lloHaHeK. Ka.n: TO .n:OqYIlle MHXaIba, Pa.n:OCAaB H Tpe611.H:>a/&.
CaraHeK, CKYrrHIlle CHa:>KHY BOjCKY, YOOIlle y Tpe6Hlbe, Te
YXBaTHBIllH y6Hu:e cBoje 6pahe, 0.n:py6HIlle HM rAaBy. ,llo­
HaHeK, MeOyTHM, C HeKOAHU:HHOM Haj6AH:>KHX pooaKa ycrre
rr06ehH. CaraHeK OCTa y Tpe6HlbY, a MHXaIba H Pa.n:OCAaB
BpaTHIlle ce y 3eTy. Ho He.n:yro rrOTOM CaraHeK rroCYMlba Y
HaMepe Tpe6Hlbau:a, Te ce H OH BpaTH 6pahH y 3eTY. CBe CJ!oeeH11.
TO Y3HeMHpH MHXaIbY H H3a3Ba y lbeMY CYMlbY .n:a 6H TH MuxQJby 30ey
HeMHpH MOrAH rrpOY3poKoBaTH HeKaKBY 6YHY y rroKpajH­ Muxajn.o.
HH. CTa.n:e CTora xpa6pHTH 6paTa Pa.n:OCAaBa .n:a o.n:e y Tpe­
6Hlbe H rroKYIlla YMHpHTH H caBAa.n:aTH OHe KOjH CHyjy
rrpoMeHe, Te ra rrOTaKHY .n:a rrpeY3Me BAaCT y Toj rrOKpa­
jHHH. Ho Pa.n:OCAaB He XTe HHrrOIllTO rrpHCTaTH .n:a HarryCTH
cBoje rroKpajHHe KaKO 6H ce 6pHHYO 3a Tyoe, CBe .n:OK My
MHXaIba H CaraHeK, 60jehH ce .n:a 6H fpU:H MOrAH 3aY3eTH
Te KpajeBe, Kao IllTO Beh BHIlle rryTa 6ejaxy rrOKYIllaAH, He
.n:a.n:OIlle 06ehlbe H y rrpHcycTBy HAHPCKHX BeAHKaIlla CKAO­
rrHIlle Haro.n:6y, rroTBpoeHY 3aTHM 3arrHCOM H 3aKAeTBOM,
.n:a he Pa.n:ocAaBY O,lJ.l\aCKOM y Tpe6Hlbe, KaKO HCTO TO Tpe­
6Hlbe, TaKO H 6HAO KOjH .n:pyrH Kpaj KOjHM 6H 3aBAa.n:ao,
6HTH rrpH.n:o.n:aHH 3eTH Koja My 6ejawe rrpHrraAa rro.n:eAOM
KpaIbeBCTBa, Te .n:a he ce cMaTpaTH lberOBHM H lberoBHx ,l(oHaHel( je
3ap06JbeH 11.
rrOTOMaKa 3aHaBeK. Pa.n:ocAaB, .n:aKAe, cKYrrH BOjCKY H Kpe­ nOly6JbeH.
Hy y rroxo.n:. 3ay3e rrOHOBHO Tpe6HlbcKH Kpaj, Te YXBaTH
,lloHaHeKa H CTaBH ra Ha MYKe, CBe .n:OK oBaj He H3.n:axHY.
IIol(pajuHa
npo.n:pe 3aTHM y rroKpajHHY 3axyMlbe, Te 3aY3e H lby. fOTO­
3axy.MJbe.
BO Y HCTO TO BpeMe rrpeMHHy KpaIbHu:a MajKa, Te MHXaIba
307

KpQ.Jb Muxaj.no. KaO HajCTapHjH O.n; 6pahe npeY3e BAaCT Ha.n; Kp8lbeBCTBOM.
PO.n;H My ce Ce.n;aM CHHOBa: BAa.n;HMHP, llpHjacAaB, CeprH­
je, .llepHja, ra6pHjeA, MHPOCA.aB H EO.n;HH. Y3eBlIlH y 063HP
KaKO 6H, .n;a no.n;eAH Kp8lbeBCTBO CHHOBHMa, CBaKOMe o.n;
H>HX npHnao caCBHM MaAH .n;eo, npeKplIlH .n;aTy peT.J H OTe
6paTy Pa.n;OCAaBY lberoB .n;eo oKpyra 3eTe, Te ra .n;a.n;e CBOMe
CHHY BA.a.n;HMHPY. Ka.n; My YMpe npBa )KeHa, Koja My
2326ejalIle po.n;HAa HaBe.n;eHe cHHoBe, nOHOBHO ce O)KeHH, H TO
O//CeHu ce CeCTpHT.JHOM KOHCTaHTHHonOlbCKor uapa, C KOjOM .n;o6H jOlIl
cecmpU'!UHOM cHHOBa, H TO .llo6pocAaBa, llpHjacAaBa (lleTpHCAaBa), HH­
1C0HCmaHmuHO hHcPopa H Teo.n;opa. TpojHua o.n; H>HX, .llo6poCAaB, HHhH­
,±,op H Teo.n;op, OCTa.n;OlIle 6e3 nOTOMCTBa, HO II pHJaCAaB
nCllbCICOZ capa. ,{.. . )KH lleTpa, Ha.n;6HCKYna Eapa, Te OH CTora OAAYT.JH nocpe­
(lleTpHCAaB) OCTaBH 3a C060M CHHa Bo.n;HHa KOjH, KaKO he­
MO YCKOPO nOKa3aTH, 3aY3e 3aTHM CBe nOKpajHHe Y Kpa­
lbeBCTBY. C 6pojeM CHHOBa nopaCTe H MHX8lbHHa )Kelba.n;a
oCBOjH Tyl)e 3eMlbe, Te cKYnH BpAO BeAHKY BOjCKY H nOCAa C
H>OMe BAa,nHMHpa H .n;pyre CHHOBe .n;a 3aY3MY PalIlKY H
EyrapcKY, r.n;e nOBe.n;OlIle MHore 6HTKe. Ka.n; Ha Kpajy OCBO­
jHlIle BeAHKH .n;eo THX 3eM8lba, MHX8lba CHHY CBOMe llpHja­
CAaBY (lleTpHcAaBY) .n;o.n;eAH PalIlKY, a yHYK)' EO.n;HHY, CHHY
EOOUH npu­ HCTor Tor llpHjacAaBa (lleTpHCAaBa), .n;a.n;e EyrapcKY. TeK
ceoju 3a ce6e lIlTO 3aBAa.n;a, Eo.n;HHa roAeMo T.JaCTolby6lbe, KOjHM 6ejalIle
lj,apclCY caCBHM 06y3eT, HarHa.n;a npHcBojH 3a ce6e UapcKY THTyAy,
mumy.ny.
lIlTO CMAHO CHeBeceAM KOHCTaHTHHonOlbCKor uapa, Te OH
nOCAa MHoro CBOjHX lby.n;H .n;a HCTepajy Bo.n;HHa H3
flopa//CeH 00 EyrapCKe. BO,n;HH Haop~aH H3al)e ca CBOjHM lby.n;HMa Ha
TplCa U
nonpHlIlTe, HO y 60jy npeTpne nopa3 H na.n;e y 3aTOT.JeHHlIl­
np02HaH y
TBO. O.n;Be.n;OlIle ra y KOHCTaHTHHonOlb, a Ha 3anOBeCT ua­
AHmuoxujy.
pa 6H nOCAaT y nporOHCTBO y AHTHOXHjy. CBH MHX8lbHHH
CHHOBH H3 npBor 6paKa YMpelIle jOlIl 3a BpeMe lberOBor
)KHBOTa, KaKO 360r HenpeCTaHHX OT.JeBHX paTOBalba, TaKO
H 360r Tora lIlTO OH cynPOTHO .n;aToj 3aKAeTBH 6ejalIle'
CMAOM OTeo 6paTy Pa.n;OCAaBY lberoB .n;eo oKpyra 3eTe, He
6H AH y.n;OBOlbHO )KelbH CBOjHX CHHOBa. HaKOH 35 ro.n;HHa
Kp8lbeBaH>a, MHX8lba Ha Kpajy H3.n;axHY. llOKonalIle ra y
caMoCTaHY CBeTOr CeprHja H BaKa MYT.JeHHKa. HaKOH H>era
KpQ.Jb
3aBAa.n;a 6paT My Pa.n;OCAaB, KOjH HMalIle .n;BaHaeCTOpo .n;e­
PaOOCllae
ue, a o.n; Tora OCMOPO MYlIlKe; HMeHa H>eroBHx CHHOBa 6e­
xy: EpaHHCAaB, rpa.n;HCAaB, rojHcAaB, .l106POCAaB, XBaAH-
MHP, CTaHHXHa, KOT.Janap H llH3HHeK. Pa.n;ocAaB 6ejalIle
T.JOBeK no HapaBH .n;o6pony.n;aH H BeAHKa 6ejalIle H>eroBa
lby6aB npeMa CBHMa H>erOBa po.n;a, Te .n;03HaBlIlH .n;a MY je
HehaK EO.n;HH, CHH llpHjacAaBa (lleTpHCAaBa), jOlIl YBeK
)KHB y AHTHOXHjH, nOCAa cKYnHHY O.n;Ba)KHHX H .n;OMHlIllba­
THX lby.n;H .n;a ra CHAOM H3BYK)' o.n;aTAe, r.n;e ra .n;P)Kaxy no.n;
jaKoM CTPa)KOM. OHH H3BplIlHlIle Taj HaAOr H .n;OBe.n;OlIle
EO,n;HHa Pa.n;OCAaBY, KOjH 3aje.n;Ho ca cBojHMa .n;OT.JeKa He­
haKa C BeAHKOM pa.n;olIlhy, Te MY .n;a.n;e rpHnoA H Ey.n;sy. Ho
308
,.,......
lIleCHaeCTe ro.n;HHe Pa.n;oCAaBlbeBe BAa.n;aBIiHe Eo.n;HHa o6y­
3e HeCTpTIlbHBOCT, Te .n;OroBOPHBlIlH ce nOTajHo C MahexoM 233
H H>eHHM CHHOBHMa, KOjH My 6paha C OT.JeBe CTpaHe,
OK8lba ce BepOAOMCTBOM H n06YHH ce npOTHB Kp8lba Pa.n;o­
CAaBa. OBaj Kao BpAO MHpOlby6HB T.JOBeK He XTe.n;e 3apaTH­
TH C HenaKOM, Hero ca CHHOBHMa o.n;e y Tpe6HH>e H TaMO
KpQ.Jb Paoo­
Ben CTap np060PaBH OCTaTaK )KHBOTa. llOKonalIle ra y Up­ Cllae yMupe y
KBH CBeTor lleTpa y llOlbY. 3aY3eBlIlH Kp8lbeBCTBO, EO.n;HH Tpe6uH:>Y·
yl)e C BOjCKOM H Y 3eTY, Te op~jeM CTa,ne OTHMaTH 3eMlbe
CBOjHX pol)aKa H Pa.n;OCAaBlbeBHX CHHOBa. To CHAHO pacTy­ EOOuHje
e.naoao OICO
200uHe 1100,
.n;OBaTH 3aje.n;Ho ca CBOjHM CBelIlTHCTBOM H Hapo.n;oM. CKAO­ lCalCo ce BUOU
nHlIle Ta.n;a MHP, nOTBpl)eH 3aKAeTBOM C je.n;He H C .n;pyre U3 jeoHe uc­
cTpaHe .n;a he y6y.n;yhe )KHBeTH y MHpy H npHjaTelbCTBY. npaee MOHaxa
cu AOlCpYMa.
HaKoH Tora, BpaHHcAaBY ce pO.n;H lIleCT CHHOBa: llpe.n;HX­
Ha, lleTpHcAaB, .llparHXHa, TBp.n;HCAaB, .llparHAo H rpy6e­
lIla. EO.n;HH naK .n;06H caMO T.JeTHpH CHHa, MHX8lbY, 1)ypl)a,
ApXHpH3a H TOMY . .lleuy My pO.n;H JaKBHHTa, KhH APXHPH­
3a H3 rpa.n;a BapHja. Ho ynpKoc TOMe lIlTO H3Mel)y Eo.n;HHa
H H>erOBHX pol)aKa 6ejalIle 3aBAa.n;ao MHP, EO.n;HH H .n;8lbe
He3a.n;OBOlbaH THM MHpOM nOBe.n;e BOjCKY y PalIlKY, na Ka,n
je OCBojH, no.n;eAM je Ha .n;Be )KynaHHje, o.n; KOjHX je.n;HY .n;a.n;e
EeAKaHY, a .n;pyry tMapKY, CBOjHM .n;BopaHHMa. 3aTpa)KH
tyOpy2UM
o.n; lbHX .n;a o6enajy H 3aKYHY ce Ha BepHOCT CBOMe Kp8lbY H u3eopUMa
lberOBHM nOTOMUHMa. Ha nOBpaTKY nOKopH EocHY, r.n;e Ha nuwe Muepo.
BAaCT nOCTaBH KHe3a CTecPaHa. He.n;yro 3aTHM, T.JyBlIlH 3a
CMpT <t>paHUY3a Po6epTa rBHCKapa, KOjH 6ejalIle 3aY3eo
.llpaT.J, 3a.n;o6H HaTpar rpa,n C UeAoM OKOAMHOM, HO Ka,n Ha
Kpajy CKAOnH MHp C KOHCTaHTHHonOlbCKHM uapeM, BpaTH
My H .llpaT.J H npHna.n;ajyha no.n;pyqja. Eo.n;HHOBa )KeHa
JaKBHHTa BH.n;e Ta.n;a KaKO pacTy H MHO)Ke ce EpaHHCAaB­
lbeBH CHHOBH, Te ce no6oja .n;a 6H HaKOH CMPTH H>eHOr My­
)Ka MorAH CHAOM OTeTH Kp8lbeBCTBO H3 PYKY H>eHe .n;eue, OnalCOcm Eo­
ynpaBo KaKO H EO.n;HH 6ejalIle yqHHHO H>HMa. Bpe6aAa je OuHooe //CeHe
JaICBUHme.
CTora npHAHKY He 6H AH HM KaKO HalIlKo.n;HAa. Ka,n TaKO
je.n;Hora .n;aHa EpaHHCAaB C 6paTOM rpa.n;HCAaBOM H CHHOM
llpe.n;HXHOM .n;ol)e y CKa.n;ap y noxo.n;e Kp8lbY EO.n;HHY, Kpa­
lbHua JaKBHHTa HaroBopH ~a.n;a HX 3a.n;P)KH no.n; CTpa­
)KOM, KaKO 6H HaKOH cBoje CMpTH oCHrypao Kp8lbeBCTBO
CHHOBHMa, YBepaBajyhH ra KaKO he, He YT.JHHH AH TO Ha
BpuHUCllue U
lIlTO ra OHa HaroBapa, H>HXOBH CHHOBH HaKOH lberoBe CMp­ TpuouCllue
TH H3ry6HTH Kp8lbeBCTBO HAM H3rHHYTH HaCHAHOM CMphy, EOOuHOOU
HAM naK )KHBeTH 6e.n;HHM )KHBOTOM. HaroBopeH )KeHHHHM 3amotteHUlj,U.
peT.JHMa, EO.n;HH HX npoTHBHO 3aKAeTBH 3a.n;p)Ka H 3aTOT.JH. 234
BpuHuCllue-
Ka.n; TO .n;03HalIle CHHOBH, 6paha H HenaUH EpaHHCAaB­ Jbeeu CUHOBU
lbeBH, no6erolIle y .lly6pOBHHK H nOBe.n;OlIle ca C060M T.Je­ CICAOHe ce y
THpH CTOTHHe Hajxpa6pHjHx CBOjHX BojHHKa. llPHMHBlIlH .l1.y6poeHulC.
309
 r
BOOttH dobe c BeCTH 0 TOMe, BO,lUIH CKjlTIH BOjCKY H nOBe,lle je y LI,y6POB­
aojclCoM nod HHK, HO Ka,ll CXBaTH ,lla HHje y MonH LI,y6pOB'IaHa npe,llaTH
dy6poaat.tlCe MY I:berOBe pol)aKe, Ha CTpaxa npe,ll cnOMeHYTHM BOjHHUH­
3110uHe.
Ma, Ha paaHe Ha'IHHe H cBaKojaKHM paTHHM HanpaBaMa
CTa,lle Hana,llaTH rpa,ll. BpaHHCAaBoBH CHHOBH aaje,llHO ca
CTpH'IeBHMa H ,llpyrHM pol)aUHMa H3AaaHllie CBaKOra ,llaHa
Ha LI,y6poBHHKa, y6HjajynH npHToM BeAHK 6poj lbY,llH Ha
n~::~y=IC BO,llHHOBe BojcKe. Je,llHOra ,llaHa HaBplliHllie BeAHK noKOlb,
IJpujemt1i, Te HaMel)y OCTaAHX KO'Ianap y6H Koaapa, 6AHCKOr pol)aKa
6ejaUle 6pam KpalbHue JaKBHHTe. Bejallie OH KPalbHUH CHAHO npHpac­
ICpa.lbl111e Tao cpu.y, Te ce OHa HHKaKO HHje MorAa rrOMHpHTH C I:be­
JaICmtHme 11
xpa6ap t.toaelC. roBOM cMpny. PacnylliTeHe Koce, y CY3aMa H rpe6ytm AH­
ue, OBaKO pe'Ie MY2KY CBOMe BO,llHHY: .Jao MeHH CHPOToj,
lliTa HaKOH TBoje CMPTH MOry C HalliHM CHHOBHMa O'IeKH­
BaTH O,ll THX TBOjHX pol)aKa, aKO ca,lla Ty npe,ll T060M, 6ea
HMaAO rrOlliTOBaI:ba npeMa HaMa, y6Hjajy Hame Haj,llpaJKe?«
CTa,lle ra 3aTHM HaroBapaTH ,lla, KM Ben He M02Ke HHlliTa
,llpyro yqHHHTH, 6ap Ha OCBeTe HaA02KH ,lla y6Hjy BpaHH­
CAaBa C ,llpyrHM aaTO'IeHHUHMa. Te pe'IH H IIAa'I 2KeHHH
paCp,llHllie BO,llHHa TaKO ,lla CBOjHM cAyraMa rrpY2KH Maq
KOjH je ,llp2Kao 0 60KY, Hape,llHBlliH HM ,lla 0,llpy6e rAaBY
BpaHHCAaBY H OCTaAHMa. CAyre HaBplliHllie Ty 3anOBeCT
rrpe HO lliTO ce Kpalb nOKaja, H TO TaKol)e H Ha rrO,llCTHuaj
BpaHl1C.J!aay
odpy6e Vlllay
HeKor LI,y6pOB'IaHHHa Kora aerOBH rrpOTHBHHUH 6ejaxy
nped jJ.y6poa­ rrpOTepaAH Ha LI,y6poBHHKa, Te je Ca,ll 60paBHO KO,ll Bo­
Hl1ICOM. ,llHHa. 0,llpy6Hllie HM rAaBe npe,ll UPKBOM CB. HHKOAe KO,ll
LI,y6poBHHKa, TaKO ,lla pol)aUH CMaKHYTHX, CKAOI:beHH y LI,y­
6pOBHHKY, BH,llellie CBe O,ll nO'IeTKa ,ll0 Kpaja. TaKO BO,llHH,
OCHM lliTO 6ellie rrpeKplliHO ,llaBHy aaKAeTBY, rrOCTa,lle
TaKol)e H y6Hua BAaCTHTHX pol)aKa. BHCKYnH H ,llpyrH KojH
6ejaxy ,llOlliAH KpalbY MOAHTH ra ,lla He npOAHeBa KpB
CBOjHX pol)aKa H ,lla ce YMeCTO Tora ,llp2KH OHora Ha lliTO C€ <
aaKAeTBOM 6ejallie 06aBe3ao, Ka,ll BH,llellie Ben MpTBa TeAa,
BOOl1H ce 2KeCTOKO ce OKOMHllie Ha I:bera, jep je Ha HarOBOp 2KeHe
no~je 11 nO'IHHHO TaKBY CTpaxOTy. Kpalb ce O,llMax nOKaja H ropKO
::;::/~~[;:~~ 3a~a, Te ,lla,lle MpTBa THjeAa 6HCKYnHMa, ~aKO 6H HX ya
HaJBene rrO'IaCTH nOKOnaAH Ha AOKPYMCKOJ XPH,llH, lliTO
OHH H yqHHHllie. Ho BO,llHHOBH pol)auH KOjH 6ejaxy y LI,y­
235 6POBHHKY, HaqyBlliH ,lla HeKH LI,y6pOB'IaHH TajHo rrperOBa-
Pam l13.Meby . 6 /; 6 b.
jJ.y6poat.taHa 11 paJY C KpalbeM KaKO H My npe,llaAH rpa,ll uep e.llie TO Beu
Kpa.lba BOOuHa Ce,llMa rO,llHHa paTa) , YKpUame ce Ha Aal)e KOJe ,llP2Kaxy
nompaja cedQ.M CrrpeMHHMa aa CBaKH cAyqaj, Te OTrrAOBHllie nyT CrrAHTa, a
zoOuHa. aaTHM npel)ollie y AnYAHjy. Hal)ollie TaMO rrpHKAa,llHY Aal)y
BOOuH e.nada- KOjOM OTnAOBHllie y KOHCTaHTHHOnOlb rp'IKOM uapy. YBH­
Ule 26 zoOu.Ha, ,lleBlliH, ,llaKAe, ,lla He M02Ke HHKaKO OCBOjHTH LI,y6pOBHHK,
a 22. zoOuHe to.
a.J!adaal1He BO,llHH nO,llH2Ke HCrrpe,ll rpa,lla yTBp'Jeae H CMeCTH y I:bera
dade nozy6Uml1 BojHe rroca,ne, na ce BpaTH y CKa,llap. HaKOH 26 rO,llHHa
caoje CUHoalle. BAa,llaBHHe BO,llHH HarryCTH oBaj CBeT. nOKonallie ra y
310
caMOCTaHY CBeTor CeprHja H BaKa. npBopol)eHH I:beroB
CHH MHXalba XTe,lle HaCAe,llHTH ra Ha npeCToAY, HO HapO,ll
My TO He ,llOnyCTH a60r CTpalliHHX 3Aa I:berOBe MajKe Ja­
Kpa.!!>
KBHHTe, Te O,ll6HBlliH ra, Haa6pa aa CBora Kpalba I:beroBor jJ.06pocnaa.
CTpHua ,ll.06pOCAaBa. Ho Ka,ll oBaj CTa,lle BpAO AOllie H
CTporo nOCTynaTH C nO,llaHHUHMa, OHH TajHHM HaaCAaH­
CTBHMa nO'Iellie y6el)HBaTH ,ll.06pOCAaBlbeBe pol)aKe KOjH,
KaKO peKOCMO, 6ejaxy n06erAH y KOHCTaHTHHonOlb, 06ena­
jynH ,lla ne HM, aKO ce O,llAyqe BpaTHTH y 3eMlbY, npe,llaTH
BAaCT Ha,ll KpalbeBCTBOM. l1a,llejCTBoBaBlliH ,llonylliTeI:be O,ll
uapa, ,llol)ollie OHH y ,ll.pa'I, r,lle ce rojHcAaB 02KeHH, Te H
OCTa TaMO C HenaUHMa. KO'Ianap o,lle y PalliKY H cnpHjaTe­
lbH ce C TaMOlliI:bHM KHeaOM BeAKaHOM, Te CKYnHllie BOjCKY
H nOBe,llOllie je y noxo,ll npoTHB ,ll.06pOCAaBa. 0Baj HM ce
cynpoTcTaBH ca CBOjHM lby,llHMa, na Ka,ll ce YXBaTHllie y Kottanap no·
pa3l1 11 3ap0611
KOlliTau Ha 06aAH peKe Mopa'Ie, BojcKa ,ll.06pocAaBlbeBa jJ.06pocnaea.
OCTa rrOpaJKeHa, a OH caM na,lle 2KHB y PYKe HenpHjaTelbY.
nOCAallie ra aaTHM CBeaaHa y PalliKY, a OHH aaY3ellie 3eTy PaUlaHl1
H YHHlliTHllie HajBenH ,lleo ,ll.aAMau.Hje. KO'Iarrap OCTa y 3e­ onycmoUle
jJ.a.J!.Malll1jy.
TH, a BeAKaH ce BpaTH y PalliKY, HO C BpeMeHoM ce HaMel)y
I:bHX ,llBojHue PO,llH rrpHKpHBeHo HenpHjaTelbCTBo, Te BeA­
KaH ca CBOjHM PalliaHHMa CTa,lle Bpe6aTH npHAHKY ,lla He­
KaKO CMaKHe KO'Iarrapa. 0Baj TO npHMeTH, na ce rroByqe y Kot.tonap
nOZl1He od
BOCHY, r,lle yae aa 2KeHY Knep 60caHCKor 6aHa, HO He.nyro 60caHCICe
nOTOM rrorH6e y je,llHOM oKplliajy y XYMY. Ho HapO,ll HAHP­ pyICe.
CKH, HaBHKHyT 2KHBeTH rro,ll KpalbeBCKOM BAalliny, nOCTa­
BH aa CBora Kpalba BAa,nHMHpa, pol)eHor O,ll BAa,llHMHpa, Kpa.lb
BnaOuMl1p.
CHHa OHor MHXalbe KOjH, KaKO je pe'IeHO, HaCAe,llH Ha npe­
CTOAy CBor oua ,ll.06pOCAaBa 1. Kao 'IOBeK MHpolby6HBe Ha­
PaBH, Taj BAa,llHMHP OKYnH OKO ce6e CBe CBora pO,lla H no­
Kaaa BeAHKY lby6aB rrpeMa I:bHMa. HaKOH lliTO Y3e aa 2KeHY
Knep palliKor KHeaa BeAKaHa, aeMlba n02KHBH y MHpy
rreTHaeCT ro,llHHa. BeAKaH OCA060,llH 3aTO'IeHHlliTBa Kpalba 236
,ll.06pocAaBa, 2KeAenH TaKO yrO,llHTH CBOM aery BAa,llHMHPY,
HO TeK lliTO ,ll.06pocAaB CTyrrH rrpe,ll BAa,llHMHpa, oBaj ra je
,llao aaTBopHTH H TOKOM I:beroBe BAa,llaBHHe 6HBlliH Kpalb
OCTa y TaMHHUH. neTHaeCTe rO,llHHe BAa,llHMHpOBa KPalbe­ Ja1C8l1Hma
BaI:ba, 2KeHa nOKojHor BO,llHHa JaKBHHTa OKYnH Ha BenaI:be ompyje ICpa.lba
HeKOAHUHHY 3AHX lbY,llH H HerrpHjaTelba BeAKaHOBHX Te y B.naOuMl1pa.
KOTOPY ,lla,lle CMelliaTH HeKH OTPOBHH HaIIHTaK KOjH rrOMe­
HyTH BeAKaHOBH HerrpHjaTelbH O,llHeCOllie aaTHM Ha ,llBOp.
TaMo, He aHaM 'IHMe, rrO,llMHTHllie BAa,llHMHpOBe cAyre, KO­
jH aaTHM ,lla,llOllie KpalbY OTpOB. 0Baj TeK lliTO HcrrH HarrH­
TaK, CMeCTa ce paa60AH. 3HajynH ,lla ce Hene 2KHB HaBynH
H3 Te 60AeCTH, KpalbHua J aKBHHTa ca CHHOM 'Bypl)eM OT­
rrYTOBa Y CKa,llap rro,ll H3roBOPOM ,lla 2KeAH nOCeTHTH 60Aec­ 1jaaOJbe
Hor Kpalba. Ho oBaj 'IHM je BH,llH, CHAHO ce yaHeMHpH H aa­ YMe1'ie
JaICal1Hml1HO.
6paHH joj ,lla HKa,ll BHllie Haal)e npe,ll I:bera. l1aAa3enH H3
311
 """"
O)l.aje, JaKBHHTa CTa)l.e ja)l.HKOBaTH H roBOPHTH npHCYT­
HHMa: »IIITO CaM AOIllera yqHHHAa BAa)l.HMHPY )l.a OH Ca)l.a
TaKO ca MHOM nOCT}'TIa? 3ap He BH)l.H )l.a HHKO )l.pyrH HHje
Y3POqHHK IberoBe CMpTH )l.0 1l06pocAaB Kora )l.p>KH Y 3a­
TOqeHHIllTBY?' OnaKa >KeHa je TaKO roBopHAa He 6H AH
HaBeAa BAa)l.HMHpa )l.a nory6H 1l06pocAaBa, 6y,uyhH )].a ce
60jaAa )l.a 6H oBaj HaKOH BAa)l.HMHpOBe CMpTH Morao 3a­
rocnO)l.apHTH KpaLbeBCTBoM. OTnYTOBaBIllH CMeCTa H3 CKa­
)l.pa, o)l.e Y fOpHUY qeKajyhH TaMO KpaLbeBY CMpT. I1CTo­
BpeMeHo je CAaAa TajHe rAaCHHKe cnoMeHYTHM BAa)l.HMH­
POBHM cAyraMa, 06ehaBajyhH HM BeAHKY Harpa,uy aKO, Ka)l.
YMpe KpaLb BAa)l.HMHp, YCMpTe TaKol'ie H 1l06pocAaBa. OHH
TO TeK )l.eAHMHqHO H3BpillHille. HaHMe, HaKOH KpaLbeBe
KpaJb CMpTH H caxpaHe y caMOCTaH}' CBeTOr CeprHja H BaKa, H3­
JI.06pOCllaB BYKOIlle 1l06pocAaBa H3 TaMHHu:e, HCKonallIe My OqH H
oc.nenJbeH..
0)l.pe3aIlle My Y)l.O, Te ra TaKO nycTHIlle, a OH CKOHqa OCTa­
TaK CBOjHX )l.aHa Ha OBOM CBeTY C MOHaCHMa Y HaBe)l.eHOM
1Jypaoje CaMOCTaHY. Ka)l. BAa)l.HMHP yMpe, KpaLbeBCTBOM 3aBAa)l.a
e.naoao, ICa/CO JaKBHHTHH CHH oypao. llpyre rO)l.HHe cBoje BAa)l.aBHHe
ce BUOu U3
XTe)l.e OH nOTajHo 3aTBopHTH BpaHHCAaBlbeBe CHHOBe, HO
KomopclCUx
noe.nacmUlJa, HaMepa MY ce H3jaAOBH. nOTOMU:H BpaHHCAaBlbeBH, Ha­
OKO 200uHe HMe, HaCAYTHllIe )l.a HM TIAeTe 3aMKe, Te ce CBH CKAOHHIlle
1115. Y llpaq KO)l. CBora CTpHu:a fojHCAaBa, H3Y3eB fpy6eIlle, KO­
jH 6H YXBaheH H 3aTOqeH. Y TO )l.06a KOHCTaHTHHonOlbCKH
Taoa 6ejaUle
lJap MeaH, u:ap nOCAa C MohHOM BOjCKOM Y AA6aHHjy CBor BOjCKOBOl'iy
3eaHU MaBpo. KaAojoaHa KOMHeHa, KOjH y)l.PY>KH cBoje lbY)l.e C OHHMa
fojHcAaBa H IberoBor HehaKa, Te KpeH}'Ille y nOXo)l. npOTHB
237KpaLba Oypl'ia. Ho H OH ce HCTO TaKO n06pHH}' )l.a CKYnH
Iba y PaIllKoj, fpa)l.HXHa ce 6ejaIlle nOByKaO y 38XYMlbe. Ho
rOjuc.naB IllTO BHIlle lbY)l.H H 3aMeTHY 60j C fpU:HMa H fojHcAaBoM,
Ta)l.a KpaLb oypal), BH)l.eBIllH KaKO CBe BHllIe paCTy Be­
nopa3u KPaJba KOjH ra nOTYKOllIe, noy6HjaIlle BeAHK )l.eo lherOBHX lby)l.H,
AHqHHa H pa360pHTOCT llparHAoBa, Kao H lheroBor 6paTa H
1JypOa. )l.pyre 3ap06HIlle >KHBe, a caM oypal'i je)l.Ba ycne n06ehH H
CKAOHHTH ce y 06AHK. KaAojoaH KpeHy Ta)l.a ca CBOjOM BOj-: <
CKOM Y Hana)l. Ha rpa)l. CKa)l.ap, na Ka)l. ra 3aY3eIlle, 3aTe­
KOllIe TaMO 3aTOqeHOra fpy6eIllY. OCA060)l.HIlle ra H3 TaM­
HHu:e Te ra Ha HaAOr u:apeB, a y3 CaI'AaCHOCT HapO)l.a, npo­
rAaCHIlle KpaLbeM. KaAOJoaH .
~aJb 3amOtteHUIJU
l"' 6e My HaKOH Tora OCTaBH )l.eo
lPy uta.
BojcKe, a OH caM ce BpaTH y llpaq. Ka)l. ce fpy6eIlla ycne
Ha npeCTO, KpaLba oypl'ia KOjH ce 6ejarne CKAOHHO y 06AHK,
3HajyhH )l.a je HOBH KpaLb jYHaK BHqaH OPY>Kjy H H3BaH­
pe)l.aH BojcKoBol'ia, 06y3e CTpax H He XTe)l.e OCTaTH TaMO,
JaKBUH.my Te O)l.e y PallIKY. Ho MajKY lheroBY JaKBHHTy YXBaTHIlle y
YXBame y Ko- KOTOPY H nOCAallIe y KOHCTaHTHHonOlb, r)l.e ce H CKOHqa
mopy U oOBeay lheH >KHBOT. HaKOH Ce)l.aM ro)l.HHa fpy6eIllHHor KpaLbeBa­
y KOHCmaH.mU- .
H.ono.lb. lha Ha HaJBehe 3a)l.OBOlbCTBO HapO)l.a H y3 CBaKO 06Hlbe
CBera IllTO je qOBeKY H}'>KHO 3a >KHBOT, KpaLb oypal'i CKYnH
Ta ce 6umKa y PallIKoj BOjCKY H HacpHy Ha fpy6eIllY. YXBaTHllIe ce y
oOuzpww nod KOIllTau: H fpy6eIllHHa BojcKa H3al'ie H3 Te 6HTKe nopa­
zpaooM BapoM.
>KeHa, a OH caM, xpa6po ce 60pehH H HCnyHHBIllH ,uy>KHOCT
312
npaBor BojcKoBol'ie, na)l.e y 60jy. nOKonaIlle ra y U:pKBH I'py6eUla
CB. oypoa Ha nO)l.pyqjy Bapa. 3aBAa)l.aBllIH nOHOBHO Kpa­ nOCUHe y 60jy
lbeBCTBOM, oypal'i nO>KeAe )l.oMohH ce JOIll >KHBe fpy6ellIH­ U 3ae.naoa
1JypaO.
He 6pahe H CMaKHYTH HX. npe)l.HXHa H llparHAo O)l. CTpaxa
ce 6ejaxy CKAOHHAH y Tyl'iHHY, a TpehH 6paT llparHXHa
>KHBlbarue y PaIllKoj, r)l.e ce 6ejaIlle O>KeHHO y Ha)l.H )l.a 6H,
KaKO OH CaM BepOB811Ie, Ha Taj HaqHH Morao ycnoCTaBHTH
M3aCJLaHUIJU
KpaLbeBCTBO. Oypal) HM )l.aK1I.e nOCAa cBoje H3aCAa­ ICpaJba 1Jypoa
HHKe y3 06ehalhe )l.a he HM, )l.OOy AH K IbeMY, )l.O)l.eAHTH y noxoay Bpa­
CBaKOMe lheroB OKPyr H HaCTojaTH HM Ha CBaKH HaqHH HUCJLa8.lbe8UM
CUH.OBUMa.
yrO)l.HTH. He 6H AH HX AaKIlle y TO ysepHO, nOTBp)l.H Te
cBoje pe~IH 3aK11.eTBOM. nOBepOBaBIllH TaKO IberoBHM 06e­
halhHMa, 6paha )l.OOOIlle K lheMY, a OH HM O)l.Max )l.a)l.e HCTe
OHe oKpyre H )l.pyre 3eMlbe y 3eTH Koje HeKa)l.a 6ejaxy y
IbHXOBOM noce,uy, Te CTa)l.e BpAO qOBeqHO nOCTynaTH C IbH­
Ma. llparHxHH >KeHa PO)l.H y PaIllKoj TpH CHHa: Pa)l.OCAaBa,
Aa6aHa H fpa)l.HMHpa. 3a TO BpeMe llparHAo O)l.e y nO)l.­
ropje H 3ay3e OHorOIllT H MHore )l.pyre oKpyre. Ka)l. TO BH)l.e
KpaLb oypal'i, Y3eBIllH y 063Hp)l.a ce llparHAo y CBHM paTO­
BHMa 6ejallIe yseK nOHeo pa360pHTO, H3BpillaBajyhH npH­
TOM y cBaKoj npHAHU:H )l.J>KHOCTH npaBor BojcKoBooe,
oceTH npeMa lheMY BeAHKY HaKAOHOCT. CTora Ha IberOB ca­ 238
BeT CKYnH cH.il.Hy BOjCKY H O)l.e C IbOM nOKopHTH n06YIbeHY
PallIKY. YBeBIllH nOHOBHO CBOjy BAaCT TaMO, 3aTe"le y TaM­
HHU:H YpOIlla, Kora 6ejaxy 3aTO"lHAH IberOBH poOaU:H. OCAO­
60)l.HBIllH ra, )l.O)l.eAH My >KynaHHjy PaIllKY, a OH caM ce YpOUl, JlCynaH
PaUlICe.
npenyH TIAeHa BpaTH y CBOjy 3eMlby. 3a BpeMe THX 36HBa­
HehaKa MY, Te KaKO cy OMHlbeHH y Hapo,uy 3axBaLbyjyhH
CBOM qeCTHTOM >KHBOTY H XBaAe Bpe)l.HHM HaBHKaMa, no­
60ja ce )l.a 6H ra C BpeMeHoM MorAH AHIllHTH KaKO KpaLbeB­
CTBa, TaKO H >KHBOTa. Pa3MHCAHBllIH IllTa)l.a "lHHH, YXBaTH JI.pQ2UJI.O U
llparHAa H MHXaLbY, CHHOBe KpaLba BAa)l.HMHpa, Te HX 3a­ MuxaJba
TBOpH. Ka)l. 3a TO )l.03HaIlle llparHxHa, Kao H npBOllI, fpy­ ICpaJba 1JypOa.
6eIlla, HeMaIba H CHPaK, CHHOBH llparHxHe, n06erOllIe y
llpaq, a HCTO TO yqHHH H fpa)l.HXHa ca CBOjHM CHHOBHMa.
nHpOrOp)l., BojcKoBooa KOHCTaHTHHonOlbCKor u:apa, CMHAO­
BaBIllH HM ce, 3aje)l.HO C llparHXHoM CKYTIH BeAHKY BOjCKY
C KOjOM npO)l.pe y 3eMlbe KpaLba oypoa H nOKopH HX CBe )l.0
Bpalha H Bapa. Y )l.aLbeM Hanpe)l.OBaIbY, Mel'iYTHM, nHpO­
rop)l.a CTIpeqH HaAOr)l.a ce BpaTH y KOHCTaHTHHonolb.llpa­
rHXHa CTora OCTaBH CBor HehaKa YpOilla y TBpoaBH 06­
AHK, a OH OTnpaTH nHporop)l.a )l.0 llpa"la. KpaLb Oypao, He
MoraBIllH BHIlle nO)l.HOCHTH IllTeTe Koje My je llparHXHa JI.paZUJW U
HaHOCHO, Kao HH TO )l.a je oBaj npHcBojHO TOAHKe nOKpajH­ MuxaJba
He, H3 OCBeTe HCKona OqH llparHAY H HehaKY My MHXaLbH. oc.nenJbeH.u.
313
 '!IIIIIII""

He 3a,nOBOlhHBIIIH ce THMe, CTaBH rro.n: orrca.n:y TBPUaBY rrpHMH H .n:a,ne My y rroce.n: CBe 3eMlhe KojHMa OTau: lberoB
06AHK. YpOIII, KOjH 6ejaIIIe y TBpuaBH H y xpa6poj o.n:6pa­ 6ejaIIIe HKa.n:a BAa,naO. BpaTHBIIIH ce H3 KOHCTaHTHHOrrO­ Bpaliuc.na8.1be
HH o.n:OAeBaIIIe Harra,nHMa, H3BeCTH cBoje pouaKe y,llpa'IY 0 lha, Pa,nOCAaB 3aBAa,na CBOjHM 3eMlhaMa 3aje.n:HO C 6panOM eupooalJu
epame ce y
HajHoBHjHM .n:oratJajHMa. OHH CBe TO rrpeHeIIIe KHpy AAeK­ I1BaHHIIIeM H BAa,nHMHpOM. Ho HaKOH HeKor BpeMeHa rro­ oOMoeuliY·
CHjy KOHTOCTecpaHY, KOjH Ha 3arrOBeCT KOHCTaHTHHOrrOlh­ 6YHHIIIe ce rrpoTHB lbHX HeKH 3AH lhy.n:H H .n:peBHH lbHXOBH
CKor u:apa 6ejaIIIe 3aMeHHO y,llpa'IY IlHporop.n:a, Te CKYrrH­ HerrpHjaTelhH, Te .n:oBe.n:oIIIe YpOIIIeBor CHHa ,llecy H .n:a,no­
IIIe BOjCKY H rrOBe.n:OIIIe je rrpOTHB Kpalha OYPUa. Ey.n:ynH IIIe My BAaCT Ha,n 3eTOM H Tpe6HlbeM, .n:OK y BAaCTH Pa.n:o­
Taj lJap 6eja­
.n:a Kpalh 6ejaIIIe rrpeKO CBaKe Mepe OMpa)KeH Meuy CBOjHM CAaBa H lberOBe 6pane OCTa,ne IlpHMopje C rpa,nOM KOTO­ w.e Maliojll.o
lhy.n:HMa, He Haue ce HHje.n:aH o.n: lbHX KOjH 6H ra H3BeCTHO POM, rra CBe .n:o CKa.n:pa. Pa.n:OCAaB H 6pana My HCTpajaxy KOMlieli, a
o HerrpHjaTelhcKHM rrOKpeTHMa. KHP AAeKcHje H ,llparHxHa CBaKo.n:HeBHO y 6op6H rrpoTHB ,llece H .n:pyrHx CBOjHX He­ El.ll.aOao je 01(0
rrpHjaTelha, KaKO 6H rrOHOBHO 3a,no6HAH rro6yaeHe rroKpa­ 200ulie 1141.
HacpHyIIIe H3HeHa,na Ha H lbera H 3aTeKOIIIe ra HecrrpeM­
KpWb 1jypaO
Hor, Te 3arroce.n:HYIIIe AOrop lberOBe BojcKe, rroy6HjaBIIIH jHHe H 3a,nP)KaAH Y CBOjOj BAaCTH OCTaTaK KpalheBCTBa.
npempnu
nOpU3 00 HajBenH .n:eo BojHHKa, .n:OK OCTaAe HarHaIIIe y 6er. Kpalh je­
JI,pazwCI-l.e. .n:Ba ycrre rro6enH H CKAOHH ce y UPMHHU:Y, a KHp AAeKcHje Kpaj .
BpaTH ce HaKOH Tora y,llpa'I. 3eMlha 6ejarne Ben caCBHM
YHHIIITeHa HerrpeCTaHHM paTOBHMa, rra JOIII Ka,n Hapo.n:
239 YBH.n:e KaKO ce cpena OKpeHYAa rrpOTHB Kpalha OYPUa, rro­
6YHH ce rrpOTHB lbera H CTa,ne ce MaAO rrOMaAO rrpHKAa­
lbaTH ,llparHXHH. IlpBH TO yqHHHIIIe KOTopaHH, a ,llparHx­
Ha, rro.n:CTaKHYT TOM HaKAOHoIIIny Hapo.n:a, CTa.n:e rrpora­
lbaTH Kpalha OypUa. Ka,n ce H Hapo.n: PaIIIKe rrpHKAOHH
LLparHXHH, KaKO 6H H36erao lbHXOB 6ec oypaU 6H rrpHCH­
lheH ca IIIa'IHU:OM CBOjHX lhy.n:H AYTaTH IIIYMaMa H IIAaHH­
HaMa. HacpTaxy Ha lbera ca CBHX CTpaHa Te ce OH y
CTpaxy.n:a 6H Ha Kpajy Morao rraCTH y PYKe HerrpHjaTelhY,
CKAOHH y TBPUaBY 3BaHY 06o.n:. Ka,n BeCT 0 TOMe CTH)Ke .n:o
LLparHXHe, 3aY3e OH 'IHTaBO rro.n:pyqje CBe .n:o KOTopa, H3y­
3eB TBpuaBe y KOjOj Kpalh OypaU 6ejaIIIe rrpOHaIIIao yTO­
'IHIIITe. Ho fpa.n:HXHa H3BeCTH 0 CBeMY KHpa AAeKcHja, Te
y.n:pY*HIIIe cBoje BojcKe y orrca,nH Te TBPUase. Ilo.n:MHTHIIIe
KpWb 1jypa oje 3aTHM HeKe o.n: KpalhY Haj6AHCKHjHX lhy.n:H, Te ce TaKO .n:o­
yxeaneli u .
ooeeoeli y KOIi- MorOIIIe H TBPU ase H Kpalha. Kpalha KHp AAeKCHJe o.n:Be,l1ie
cmalimUlionOJb y,llpa'I, a 3aTHM ra rrOCAa y KOHCTaHTHHorrOlh, r.n:e OypaU
CKOH'Ia cBoje .n:aHe. Y3 orrIIITy carAaCHOCT Hapo.n:a 6H Ta.n:a
3afl.ltQoa H3a6paH 3a Kpalha ,llparHxHa, KOjH BAa.n:aIIIe 'IeCTHTO H
JI,paZUXlia. rrpaBe.n:HO, C 063HPOM Ha TO .n:a 6ejaIIIe 'IOBeK pa360pHT H
6oro6oja)KlhHB. Ka,n rAaCHHe 0 TOMe .n:orrpeIIIe H .n:o OHHX
KOjH 6ejaxy pacrrpIIIeHH y ArrYAHjH H .n:pyr.n:e y TyUHHH,
BpaTHIIIe ce OHH y .n:OMOBHHY H HaceAHIIIe 3eMlhY Koja 6e­
jaIIIe Ben roTOBO caCBHM orrYCTOIIIeHa. ,llparHXHa HrraK 3a
BpeMe cBoje BAa,naBHHe rrpeTprrH MHore MyKe o.n: HeKHX
3AHX lhy.n:H, HO focrro.n: Eor ra KOHa'IHO Ca'IyBa CBHX 3Aa.
HaKoH je.n:aHaeCT ro.n:HHa KpalheBalba, o.n:e H OH Ha oHaj
CBeT, Te ra CHHOBH lberOBH Pa,nocAaB, I1BaHHIII H BAa­
.n:HMHP y3 rrO'IaCTH rrOKorraIIIe y CaMOCTaHY CB. CeprHja H
EaKa. HaKoH CMpTH Kpalha ,llparHxHe, HajCTapHjH lberoB
CHH, KHe3 Pa,nocAaB, o.n:Hece o6H1he Bpe.n:HHX .n:apoBa KOH­
CTaHTHHorrOlhCKOM u:apy MaHojAY, KOjH ra BpAO lhy6a3Ho
314 315
 ..,....

:340 OBO cy Kpaz&eBH KOjH no pe.llOCAe.llY ,lly6pOBqaHH OTK}'rrHIIle TpH cBoja OCTpBa, O,ll.HOCHO IIlH- :341
rraH, Aorry,ll. H KOAOqerr.
je.llaH 3a .llpyrHM BAa.llaxy ,lI.aAMa:o.HjoM
H .llpyrHM HAHpCKHM KpajeBHMa, TYrEMHP
XBAAHMHP
npeMa HaBe.lleHoj HCTOPHjH.
TIETPHCAAB
BA1\llHMHP
OCTPOHAO BAMaIIle OKO lbeTa rOcrro,ll.H>er 495.
,llPArHMHP
CBEBA1\ll
,llOBPOCAAB
CEAHMHP
MHXAlbA
BA1\llAH
PA,llOCAABH I.
PA,llMHP HaKOH Tor KpaIha, rra CBe ,ll.O CBeTH­
BO,llHH
MHpa, BAMaxy qeTHpH 3Aa KpaIha,
,llOBPOCAAB II.
KojHMa ayTop HaBe,ll.eHe HCTopHje
BA1\llHMHP II.
HHje 3arrHcao HMeHa.
1)YPA1)
rpYBEIIlA
CBETHMHP
,llPArHXHA
CBETOTIEAEK BejaIIle OH rrpBH KpaIh KOjH rrOCTa
PA,llOCAAB III. OH He Y3e KpaIheBCK}' THTYAY, Beh
xpIIlhaHHH OKO ro,ll.HHe 886, a rrpe
3a,ll.p:>Ka HaCAOB KHe3a. rO,ll.HHe
Tora HMe My 6ejaIIle BY,ll.HMHp.
1161. rrpoTepa ra H3 ,ll.p:>KaBe rro-
My 6eIIle ,ll.aTO HMe
6YH>eHHK ,lleca, qHjH rrOTOMaK
CBeTorreAeK, IIlTO 3HaqH »CBeTH
HeMaH>a, KaKO heMo YCKOPO HC­
,ll.eqaK'. BjoH,ll.O, Ca6eAHKO H TIAa­
rrpHrrOBe,ll.aTH, ,ll.Me HMe rrOpO,ll.H­
THHa CrrOMHH>Y ra rro,ll. HMeHOM
UH HeMalbHha, O,ll. Koje rrOTe­
CcpeporrHAo.
KOIIle MHorH KpaIheBH H uapeBH,
rocrrO,ll.apH Cp6Hje H PaIIlKe.
CBETOAHK
BA1\llHCAAB
TOMHCAAB
CEBECAAB
BA1\llHMHP
KAPAMHP ,
TBP,llOCAAB
TOAHMHP
TIPHBHCAAB
KPETIEMHP
CBETOPA,ll
PA,llOCAAB
'lACAAB HaKOH Tor KpaIha, rra CBe ,ll.O TIaBAH­
MHpa BeAa, HaCTyrrH pa3,ll.o6lbe
MeUYSAMaBHHe, O,ll.HOCHO Kpa­
lbeBCKH rrpeCTO OCTa rrpa3aH.

TIABAHMHP BEMO
TJEIIlHMHP
TIPEl\EMHP
CHABECTAP ,lleTHlbCTBO H O,ll.paCTaH>e 6ejaIIle
rrpOBeo y,lly6POBHHK}'. O,ll. H>era

316 317
 ~

242 PO.zr.OCAOBBO cTa6AO Kylie HeMaHtHlia.

rp6 CTe4'»aBa HeMaHte, Kpan.a H Ilapa PamKe.

CTE4>AH, CBCIIITeHHK

Ypom
I

I
JJ:eca
I
r
MHpoCJlllB K_ _ ~
fieMlllbll
I
Au:,!!;pHja
Ir---------------~

CmdeOlf TmOMRlI
I I
futano
1 11
B)'KCaJI C-relPaH PaCKO

oonuua futa,!!HC.'11l1l
_+Hw_n -m~L
Cl'CdJaJI

!1pU,iJ,HCJIIIJl CTc4>aH
,------1
:MHJIYl'UH !.tllll Ypom Csem

)lparYIlIH

Ypom
futa,!!HCJIIIJl KOHCTaHTUH

Crc4>m~ I
I1plumma RlIH CHmnna I l'kila, lKCHa 6:yrapcl:or
lIpaJl>a :MHxaHJIa

A rp6 Kpaz:r,eBHHe EyrapcKe

B CAaBOHHje
C EocHe
G
H
I
Kyne HeMaH>Hna
KOTpoMaHHna
XpBaTcKe
c-h
JJ:Ytca
Creq,1IH
AHljeJIUHa
Ypom, nOC;Ie;zm.H xpan.
R3 K)'fie HeMIUi.e:Da

D MaKe,ll.OHHje K PalliKe
E .llaAMau.Hje L ITpHMopja
F Cp6Hje

243
318 319
 --,.--­

244 Y30XOAHBlIIH ce CTOra, ,l1.eca BAa,n:alIIe y XYMY, CBe lIP Ko­ l(eca ce npo­
HACTABAK TOpa, H y rOPIbOj 3eTH Ha3HBajynH ce 6aHOM, O.z:r.HOCHO 2J!acu 6aHOM.
BOjBO.z:r.OM. H .z:r.0 Kpaja CBor )KHBOTa OCTa.z:r.e rocno.z:r.ap y THM
3eMlbaMa, Te My HX KHe3 Pa,n:OCAaB ca CBOjOM 6panOM
BE1i nOMEHYTE HCTOPHJE HHKa,n:a HHje Morao 0.z:r.y3eTH H nOHOBO 3a.z:r.06HTH. IToMe­ 245
KPAlLEBA llAAMAUHJE HYTH BOjBo.z:r.a ,l1.eca BOAeo je pHMOKaTOAH"'lKY Bepy H 6HO 6H HalC.llOltJeH
6e3 .z:r.albIbera rrpHXBaTHO .z:r.a ce HHje rrpH60jaBao .z:r.a ne ra K:amo.nU/JUMa.
Koja CaztplKH Ha IIPBOM MeCTY IIOpeKAO, IberOBH CAOBeHCKH BeAHKalIIH AHlIIHTH BAaCTH. CTOra je OH l(apyje MOHa·
6HO npBH KOjH je AeTa rOcrro.z:r.Iber 1151 . .z:r.apoBao OCTPBO CU.Ma ocmpeo
pa3BHTaK H Kpaj Kpa..z&eBa H3 KYhe
MlbeT (Koje rrpHrra,n:alIIe XYMY) TpOjHIl,H MOHaxa, MapHny, Mlbem.
HeMalltHha KOjH BAaztax.y y PADIKOJ H IIIHMYny H HBany. H>HMa yCTynH pe"'leHO OCTPBO ca CBHM
CPBHJH. IberOBHM 3eMlbHlIITeM, npHXo.z:r.HMa H lby.z:r.HMa, KaKO ce BH­
.z:r.H H3 je.z:r.He HcrrpaBe Koja ce npe .z:r.yro BpeMeHa -qyBaAa y
Ha ApyroM MecTy DpBDoBeAa lKBBOT 'CIeTBpB pamKa
UpKBH CB. MHxajAa, r.z:r.e o.z:r. rrO"'leTKa CTaHOBaxy MOHaCH Ha
BeABKama KOjB DOCAe CMpTB Ypoma, DOCAeA~er
pe"'leHOM OCTPBY, a KacHHje, TOKOM BpeMeHa, y3 nOMon
Kpan.a B3 xyhe HeMa~Bha, BaCBABB'CIKB 3aY3eme
rocrro.z:r.apa XYMa H PalIIKe, Te C npHA03HMa LJ.y6pOB"'laHa,
Kpan.eBcTBo PamKe.
OH carpal)eHa Ha je3epy Tora OCTpBa upKBa CB. MapHje H
MaHaCTHp 3a 60pasaK MOHaxa, na Ty H .z:r.aHac rroCTojH. Bor
H Ha Kpajy roBOPH 0 BOCHH, XYMY, CTora Harpa,n:H ,l1.ecy H IberOBO KOAeHO, Te cy IberOBH rro­
XPBATCKOJ H ByrAPCKOJ. TOMUH y ce.z:r.aM reHepaUHja CTaAHO 6HAH rocno.z:r.apH H Kpa­
lbeBH PalIIKe, CBe .z:r.o uapa YpOlIIa KOjH, rrpana,n:ajynH OC­
MOj reHepaUHjH, H3ryOH UapCTBO H YMpe oe3 .z:r.eue. BojBo.z:r.a
O.zr. .zr.OB MABPA OPBHHA ,l1.eca je aMao TpH CHHa, MHpOCAaBa, HeMaIbY H KOHCTaH­ l(ecuHu
CUHOf3U.
THHa, H OHH oexy naMeTHH lby.z:r.H H .z:r.06PH paTHHUH. Ka,n: je
yMpO, nOKorralIIe ra y Tpe6HIbY, y UpKBH CB. ITeTpa y ITo­ l(eca
lbY, a BAaCT rrpey3elIIe y rrOMeHyTHM 06AaCTHMa IberOBH npe.MUHe.
CHHOBH. H rrOlIITO cy OHAH (KaKO je pe"'leHO) BeOMa Ok
Ba)KHH H xpa6pH, rrp06y.z:r.H ce y IbHMa )Kelba .z:r.a 3arocrro­
.z:r.ape PalIIKOM a ,l1.0IbOM 3eTOM. OKYnHBlIIH, .z:r.aKAe, j~
BOjCKY y3 rroMon 60caHCKor oaHa KOjH 6elIIe TaCT HeMa
IbHH, rrouolIIe y 3eTy rrpoTHB KHe3a Pa.z:r.ocAaBa, CHHa Kpa­
lba ,l1.parHIbe ()lparaxHe), KOjH je ca CBOjHM 6paToM HBa­ KHe3
HHlIIeM .z:r.p)Kao nOMeHyTy oOAaCT. BH.z:r.eBlIIH Ta,n:a Pa,n:OCAaB PaoOCAae
.z:r.a ce He MO)Ke MepHTH C je.z:r.HOM TaKBOM BOjCKOM, YKPua CIC.llOHU ce y
ce Ha AaUY, Te H3 YAUHIba .z:r.oUe y LJ.yoPOBHHK. H TaKO MH­ l(y6pOOHUK:..
Kne3 Pa,n:OCAas CXBaTHBlIIH .z:r.a ,l1.eca rrocTaje H3 .z:r.aHa y pOCAaB, HeMaIba H KOHCTaHTHH 3aY3elIIe 3eTy ca CBHM
.z:r.aH CBe MonHHjH H .z:r.a HacTojH Ha CBaKH Ha"'lHH .z:r.a 3aY3Me rpa,n:OBHMa ceM KOTopa, KOjH OCTa rro.z:r. KHe30M Pa,n:OCAa­
IberoBY .z:r.P)KaBY H 3arocno.z:r.apH IbOM, rrOCAa y LJ.y6pOBHHK BOM. ,l1.0K je Pa,n:OCAaB OOpasHO y ,l1.yOPOBHHKY, MHpOCAaB
l(a6Ud PeHecuo Kao rroKAHcapa ,l1.aBH.z:r.a PeHecaja, Ta,n:alIIIber 3anOBe.z:r.HHKa H .z:r.pyra IberoBa opana TPa)KHAH cy o.z:r. LJ.y6pOB'-IaHa .z:r.a HM
nOlClLucap y 0 6 0
l(y6poeHwcy, a Ey.z:r.Be , C ~OA OM .z:r.a ~y .z:r.y pOBa"'lKa rocno.z:r.a Ha aBe ~e- npe.z:r.ajy Ibera H IberoBa 6paTa HBaHHllla. Ho LJ.y6pOB"'laHH,
Muxajllo y lIITO op~Ja H3 HTaAHJe. KOTOpaHHMa rraK ynyTH MHXaJAa H3BHIbaBajynH ce KaKO cy Haj60lbe YMeAH, .z:r.a He 6H rrOBpe­
Komopy. PeHecHja, "'lOBeKa BelIITor y paTHHM CTBapHMa, .z:r.a HX .z:r.HAH HeyTpaAHOCT cBoje Peny6AHKe, HHKa,n: HHCY rrpHCTaAH
oxpaOpH .z:r.a ycrpajy y paHHjoj BepHOCTH KOjy cy yseK Ha IbHXOB 3axTeB. CTora OHH nOCAaIIIe .z:r.pyre nOKAHCape .z:r.a Xea.ne epedl-w
eepHocm
rrOKa3HBaAH npeMa IberoBHM rrpeUHMa H .z:r.a HX yn030pH .z:r.a 3arrpeTe ,l1.yOpOB"'laHHMa. A OBH HM o.z:r.roBopHlIIe .z:r.a )KeAe l(y6poetial-w.
ce .z:r.06po "'lysajy npa3HHX 06enaIba o.z:r. CTpaHe ,l1.ece H Ibe­ )KHBeTH y npHjaTelbCTBY ca CBHMa, aAH 6e3 lIITeTe rro "'laCT
l(aeuo y6ujeH roBHX cAe.z:r.6eHHKa. Yrrpaso Te ,l1.ecHHe npHCTaAHue ra, Ka,n: H cA060.z:r.y cBoje 3a "'lHje o.z:r.p)KaIbe 6exy crrpe­ 246
ycnym. ce Bpanao H3 ,l1.yOpoBHHKa, Harra,n:OlIIe KO.z:r. PHcHa, r.z:r.e HM MHH H3ry6:HTH H caM )KaBOT, a KaMOAH .z:r.pyro. Ka,n: cy TO
OH Y nO"'leTKY xpaopo O.z:r.OAeBalIIe, HO KOHa"'lHO "'laCHO na.z:r.e. "'lyAa rrOMeHyTa 6pana, c~nHBlIIH 3HaTaH opoj BOjHHKa,
320 321
 rI
I
cAe)1.ehe ro)1.l-IHe cnycnulle ce y KOHaSAe C HaMepOM )1.a ,lly­
6pOST.J:aHHMa HaHecy IIITeTy. ilOIIITO cy ,lly6pOST.J:aHH MHOro
npe 6HAH 0 TOMe 06aseIIITeHH, H caMH cy npHnpeMHAH
Jypaj
BucaHmu u
)1.06py sojCKY )1.0npeMHSIIIH )1.0CTa lhY)1.CTSa H3 )lpaT.J:a H ce
MapuH.JI,pazo KOTopa, rpa)1.0sa KOjH cTajaxy Ta)1.a y3 KHe3a Pa)1.0CAasa,
npUCKa'iy y HapOT.J:HTO rpa)1. KOTOp. Osaj rpa)1. HM nOCAa no)1. SOljCTSOM
nOMoh 1)yplja BHcaHTHja H MapHHa )lpara )1.se CTOTHHe npHCTa­
J1.y6pOeH.UKY,
AHu:a KOjH 6exy )1.0Se3eHH y UaSTaT .n.y6pOSaT.J:KHM raAH­
HUKO.ll.a jaMa. OCTaAH )1.eo sojcKe )ly6pOST.J:aHH 6exy ynyrHAH y Ko­
Bo6aJbeeuIi , HaSAe KonHOM no)1. SOljCTSOM HHKOAe B06albeSHOa. TaMO
3anOeeaH.UK ce 6HAO YAOroPHAO H TpH XHlba)1.e MHpOCAaSlheSHX SOjHH­
ay6poea'ilCUX
CH.a2a.
Ka, OT.J:eKYjYOH OCTaAY sojCKY KaKO 6H CTaAH nOTOM )1.a on­
ce)1.ajy ,lly6pOSHHK, Ma)1.a cy ce npaSHAH Kao )1.a cy )1.0IIIAH
caMO )1.a cnpeT.J:e ,lly6pOST.J:aHe )1.a He yljy y MHpOCAaslhesy
3eMlhy. CTora .n.y6pOSaT.J:KH ceHaT H3)1.a Hapeljel'be B06albe­
SHOY )1.a HaCTojH )1.a IIITO npe CTynH y 60p6y C Pa)1.HsojeM
OnOpT.J:HOeM, 3anOSe)1.HHKOM nOMeHyre MHpOCAaBlheSe soj­
CKe. A nOIIITO cy ce ,lly6pOST.J:aHH npaSHAH Kao )1.a 6e2Ke H3
KOHaSaAa, osaj H3Hlje H3 pososa H KpeHe ca CSOjHM lhy­
J1.y6p08'iaHU ~HMa y nOTepy 3a aHMa. Ho ~6pOST.J:aHH, CTHraBIIIH )1.0
nomyKy ]e)1.HOr seOMa nOSOlhHor nOA02KaJa, 6aU:HIIIe ce Ha HenpH-
MupoCJlaeJbeey jaTelhe H npHCHAHIIIe HX )1.a oKpeHy Aelja H )1.a ce spaTe
eojcKY· CSojHM KYOaMa. YCAe)1. Tora rope nOMeHYTH )lecHHH CHHO­
SH HeKO speMe npeCTa)1.0IIIe )1.a Y3HeMHpasajy ,lly6pos­
T.J:aHe, npeM)1.a cy HX HnaK yseK 2KeCTOKO Mp3eAH. H no Ha­
peljeay u:apa He 6eIIIe HM )1.aTa HHje)1.Ha 06AaCT. Y TO
speMe rope peT.J:eHH HeMal'ba H 6paoa, OCSOjHSIIIH 3eTY,
HeMalt>a .
3aY3Me PaUlKY. CaKyrrHIIIe SOJCKY H KpeHywe npOTHS PaIIIKe. CTora BAa­
)1.HMHP, )1.pyrH 6paT Pa)1.0CAaSlhes, KOjH je 6HO y PaIIIKoj,
o.n.ynpe ce C PaIIIaHHMa HeMal'bH H l'berosoj 6paOH, H Ka)1.
)1.olje )1.0 6HTKe KO)1. ilpHIIITHHe, BAa)1.HMHP 6H nopa2KeH.
HeMalt>a y3U­ • 6
Ma mumy.ll.y Ka)1. Je OH no erao y ByrapcKY, HeMaaa C pauOM 3ay:3e
6 '"
ee.nUK02 PaIIIKY. H 0)1. TOr speMeHa, 360r n06e)1.e KOjy O)1.HeCOIIIe KO)1.
JlCynaHa. ilpHIIITHHe, XTe)1.0IIIe )1.a TO MeCTO 6Y)1.e KpalbeSCKa npeCTO­
HHu:a H )1.a ce TY KpyHHIIIy KpalbeSH PaIIIKe. Ta)1.a HeMal'ba
Y3e THTyAy SeAHKOr 2KYnaHa H )1.p2KaIIIe PaIIIKY ca rOpl'bOM
HeMalt>a
noxapa JKyny H )lOl'bOM 3eTOM. MHpOCAas H KOHCTaHTHH spaTHIIIe
ay6pOea'iKY· yrrpasy XYMa, 2KHSeOH y Meljyc06Hoj lhy6asH H nOKopasa­
jYOH ce CSOM 6paTY HeMal'bH. HeMal'ba ce y Meceuy asrycTY
2471177. ro)1.HHe cnYCTH C SOjCKOM Y )Kyrry .n.y6posaT.J:KY, na Ty
J1.y6poea'l.KU noxapa H nOceT.J:e CTa6Aa H sHHOrpa)1.e. To yqHHH H3 Mp2K­
H.aOOucKyn .. '" n "6 . .
Tpu6YH.uje ae KOJY Je oceuao npeMa I-'V pOST.J:aHHMa, Ma)1.a Je H3JaslhH­
M.JI.e'I.aHUH. saO)1.a TO T.J:HHH nOSO)1.0M HeKHX cnoposa H3Meljy .n.y6po­
UCKJby'l.u U3 SaT.J:KOr Ha)1.6HCKYna MAeT.J:aHHHa TpH6YHHja H aerosor cy­
lJPKee ce6u <pparaHa KOTOpCKor 6HCKYna, Kojer pe<feHH Ha)1.6HCKYn
(~;:;:;:a:o:) 6eIIIe HCKlhyqHO H3 u:pKBe 360r HenOCAYIIIHOCTH. BH)1.eSIIIH
KomopaHcKo2 TSp)1.0rAaSOCT csor cy<pparaHa, .n.y6pOSaT.J:KH Ha)1.6HCKYn ce
6ucKyna. n02KaAH Ha l'bera nanH AAeKCaH)1.py TpeheM osor HMeHa,
322
KOjH je Ta)1.a 6HO y BeHeseHTY, a KOTOpCKH 6HCKyrr 06paTH
ce HeMaaH. A OH Ta)1.a 3apaTH C ,lly6pOS<faHHMa H 0.n.y3e
.n.y6pOSaT.J:KOM Ha)1.6HCKYny cse l'berose cy<pparaHe KOjH cy
HaAa3HAH y HeMaaHHoM KpalbeScTsy, HaHMe, 6HCKYne Buc7Cynu
BY.l1.Be, KOTopa, YAu:Haa, CsaT.J:a, CKa)1.pa, )lpHsaCTa, Me­ noapeoeH.u
)1.0Ha, Cop6Hje, BocHe, Tpe6Hl'ba H 3axyMlha. CSH cy OSH ay6pOea'iIWM
paHHje 6HAH no)1. .n.yKlhaHCKHM Ha)1.6HcKYnoM HsaHoM. Ka)1. H.aa6uc7Cyny.
cy ByrapH pa30pHAH .llyK1hy, a HsaH npey3eo yrrpasy .n.y­
nnn'Oou·..,.", u:pKse, osoj U:pKBH cy 6HAe nO)1.peljeHe H cse Te
u:pKBe, KaKO ce SH)1.H H3 je)1.Hor YKa3a nane AAeKCaH)1.pa
)1.pyror osor HMeHa, yrryoeHor BHTaAY, )1.pyroM Ha)1.6HCKYIIY
.n.y6pOSaT.J:KOM, 1067. rO)1.HHe, H KacHHje, 1141. ro)1.HHe,
nOTspljeHor .n.y6pOSaT.J:KOM Ha)1.6HcKYny AH)1.PHjH AYKe3e. Y
TO speMe 6HO je 6HCKYn y BY.l1.BH CHAseCTap, y KOTOPY
HHOH<pOP, Y YAU:Hl'bY HsaH, y Csaqy Ba3HAHje, y CKa)1.PY
1)ypalj, y )lpaT.J:Y rpryp, y )lpHsacTY ileTap, y COp6HjH
l1HpHA, Y BOCHH BAa)1.HCAaB, y Tpe6Hl'by KOHCTaHTHH H y
3axyMlhY lI1HMYH. fhHX, KaKO je peT.J:eHO, HeMal'ba OCA060)1.H
nOTT.J:Hl'beHOCTH .n.y6pOSaT.J:KOM Ha)1.6HCKYny. Ce)1.aM ro)1.HHa
nOCAe Tora ,lly6pOST.J:aHH, no)1. 3anOSe)1.HHIIITSOM Mnxa Bo­
J1.y6p08'iaH.U
noprue U
6albeSHOa, KOjH je paHHje 6HO nopa3HO y Tpe6Hl'by 60caH­ 3apo6e Mupo­
CKor 6aHa BopHoa, n06e)1.HIIIe y nOMopcKoj 6HU:H HeMal'bH­ CJlaeJbeee
Hor 6paTa MHpOCAasa y AYU:H ilOlhHu:a y AA6aHHjH, KOjy 6poaoee.
)1.aHaC 30Sy AYKOM ,lly6posT.J:aHa. TOM npHAHKOM CnaAHIIIe
HeKOAHKO 6po)1.osa H 3ap06Hlile TpH raAHje, )1.sa raAHOHa H
Ce)1.aM caeU:Hja. CAe)1.eOe, naK, ro)1.HHe MHpOCAas )1.olje C
SOjCKOM 0)1. 30 XHlba)1.a KoaaHHKa H once)1.e rpa)1. ,lly6pos­ J1.y6poeHuK
noa oncaaOM
HHK, Te ra nOT.J:e TYOH HeKHM cnpaBaMa. Onca.n.y je )1.p2Kao MupoCJla8Jbee
rryHHX ocaM )1.aHa, a OH)1.a je, 6y.n.yOH )1.a HHje Morao HHIIITa e eojCKe.
yqHHHTH, cnaAHO nOMeHyTe cnpase H spaTHo ce KYOH.
MaAO nOCAe TOra KOHCTaHTHH KpeHe C SOjCKOM npoTHs oc­
KOH.CmaHmUH
Tpsa KOpT.J:YAe, Koje je npHna)1.aAO XYMY, aerosoj 06AaCTH, HaCpH.e Ha
aAH MY ce HHje nOKOpaSaAo. ilOIIITO je npe6au:H0 AaljaMa Kop'iY.Jl.aH.e·
csoje T.J:ere H3 KOHoIIIesHu:e Ha OCTPSO, IIlhaT.J:KaO je H xapao
no l'beMY. KOpT.J:YAaHH ce Ta)1.a y)1.PY2KHIIIe H OTeIIIe My Aalje,
248
TaKO )1.a OH OCTa)1.e Ha OCTPSY Kao 3ap06lheHHK. ilOIIITO ce
3apo6e za U
ce Ha SHIIIe HHje Morao spaTHTH Ha KonHO, Ha Kpajy 3aK1hyqHIIIe cmeKHY
MHp H yrosopHIIIe )1.a KOpT.J:YAaHH nyCTe KYOH KOHCTaHTH­ C.1lO6oay.
Ha H cse l'berose lhY)1.e, a)1.a OH C MHpOCAasOM H HeMaaOM
OCA060)1.H OCTpSO nO)1.peljeHocTH rOCnO)1.apHMa XYMa. H 0)1.
Tor speMeHa Ha)1.albe KOpT.J:YAaHH 6exy CA060)1.HH, TeK HX
HHje)1.aH rocnO)1.ap SHIIIe HHje Y3HeMHpasao. MaAO 3aTHM
yMpe KOHCTaHTHH He OCTaBlhajYOH H3a ce6e HHje)1.HOr CH­
Ha. ilOCAe KpaTKor speMeHa npeMHHy H l'beros 6paT MH­
POCAaB, KOjH OCTaSH je)1.HOr CHHa 0)1. )1.eCeT ro)1.HHa, no
HMeHY AH)1.pHja. Ka)1. cy, )1.aKAe, YMpAa osa )1.sa 6paTa, no­
)1.H2Ke ce XYMCKa SAaCTeAa H H3a6pa 3a csor rocno)1.apa
KHe3a ilerpa, PO)1.0M H3 XYMa, T.J:OSeKa xpa6por H My)1.por.
323
 --,...---­
I,
Ka,n: je OH ,n,OIlIaO Ha BAaCT, OTnYCTH MHpOCAaBlbeBY 2KeHY
H nOMeHYTOr H>erOBOr CHHa. OHH nOOOIlIe AH,Ll,PHjHHOM
KIie3 JIemap, CTpHI.JY HeMaH>H. A KaKO je Ta,n:a HeMaH>a 6HO 3aY3eT pa­
zocnodap
TOBHMa Koje je BO,n,HO Ha rpaHHu.aMa PaIlIKe H ByrapcKe C
XY.M.a.
rope pe'leHHM BAa,nHMHPOM H C rpU.HMa y Be3H C KHe30M
Pa,n,ocAaBoM H H>erOBHM 6paToM HBaHHIlIeM, HHje ce Morao
IJ.ap nOOuzlie 6aBHTH CTBapHMa XYMa. To THM npe IlITO je u.ap HcaK
Klie3a Paoo-
c.naaa U
l'<
AH1Jeo Y3eo no,n, noce6HY 3aIlITHTy KHe3a Pa,n:ocAaBa H H>e­
3a.Menme 60j c roBY 6pahy. CTora je 1190. ro,n,HHe 3aMeTHYo 6HTKY C He­
HeM.aIbOM. MaH>OM, KaKO nHIlIe HHKHTa XOHHjaT, Ha peu.H Qa6py, ,n,a­
PelCa'la6up, Hac 3BaHoj MopaBa. OBH HeMaH>HHH paTOBH 6HAR cy pa3­
oaliac Mopaeu. Aor IlITO je KHe3 ileTap 3a 'lHTaBOr HeMaH>HHOr 2KllBOTa
3a,n,p2Kao y MHPHOM noce,uy XYMCKY 06AaCT II IlITO HHje 3a
H>y nOAarao pa'lYHe HHje,n,HOM rocno,n,apy, Beh je BAa,n,ao o,n,
peKe UeTllHe ,n,o KOTopCKor 3aAHBa. QeCTo je 6HO y paTy H
BO,n,HO 60p6y C 60caHCKHM 6aHOBHMa II xpBaTCKllM BeAll­
KaIlIHMa. Y THM paTOBllMa llMao je Aenor ycnexa, jep je
6110 BeOMa naMeTaH 'lOBeK II llCKYcaH y paTHllM CTBapHMa.
ilOIlITO je, ,n,aKAe, 2K)'naH HeMaH>a (KaKO je pe'leHO) nOCTao
BeAllKll BAa,nap 6Aaro,n,apehll oCBajaH>Y PaIlIKe H ,n,pyrllx
3eM81ba, CBe ,n,o rpaHHu.a ,llYHaBa, CaBe II BOCHe, H nOIlITO
je YBeK O,n,HOCllO n06e,uy Ha,n HenpHjaTelbHMa, CBaKO ra je
YBa:JoKaBaO H cMaTpao BeOMa llCKYCHllM paTHHKoM. CTora,
KOAHKO 360r OBora TOAllKO H IlITO je y3 TO 6HO MY,n,ap 'lOBeK
II BeOMa ,n,ape}K1bllB, CBll cy ra nOIlITOBaAH II BOAeAH. 3aTO
JIopelUlo Kyhe
HeM.albuha. IlITO MH Y OBOM ,n,eAy 'leIlIhe Balba nOMllH>aTll HeMaH>Y, 6ll­
he ,n,06po ,n,a Hajnpe H3A02KHM H>eroBo nopeKAO II PO,n,OCAOB­
lbe, ,n,a ce BH,n,H KaKO 60r MHOro nYTa, H3 H>eMYn03HaTHX
pa3Aora, y3,n,H2Ke lby,n,e HHCKor po,n,a ,n,o HajBHIlIHX nOAO­
2Kaja H 'laCTH. Tpe6a 3HaTH, ,n,aKAe, ,n,a je,n,HoM 2KHBlbaIlIe y
249 XYMCKOj 06AaCTll, y npe,n,eAy AYKe, HeKll non rp'lKOr 06­
Caew.meliUK pe,n,a, Hape'leHll CTe<paH, KOjH ce 02KeHH no 06ll'lajy Ta J
CmecPali. MOIlIH>HX nonOBa je,n,HoM 2KeHOM H3 Tora Kpaja C KOjOM je
HMao, ll3Meoy OCTaAllX, CI-IHa no llMeHY lby6HMllp. Ka,n je
lby6OMUp. lby6HMllp TOKOM BpeMeHa, YCAe,n, cBoje My,n,pOCTll H jYHaIlI­
TBa, H3HIlIao Ha rAac Kao ,n,06ap paTHllK, H>era je rocno,n,ap
TpIiOOO, oaliac XYMa HMeHOBao 2K)'naHOM je,n,Hor npe,n,eAa, 3BaHor TPHOBO,
lby60.M.up. KOjH ce ,n,aHac no H>erOBOM HMeHY Ha3HBa lby60MHp. ilo­
IlITO je ,n,06po ynpaBlbaO THM KpajeM, OH YCKOPO yMpe oc­
TaBHBIlIll ll3a ce6e je,n,Hor CHHa no HMeHY YpOIlI. KaKO je
Ypow..
OH HaCTaBHO O'leBHM CTonaMa, II y pYKOBaH>Y Op)'2KjeM H
pa360pHTllM nocTynKoM y CBllM nO,uyxBaTllMa, Kp8lb 1)y­
pao ra nOTBp,Ll,ll Ha ynpaBll II BAaCTll y TOj 06AacTll. Ka,n: je
KacHllje YpOIlI 6110 3apo6lbeH y je,n,HoM oKpIlIajy KOjH je
Kpalb 1)ypao HMao C Kp81beM ,1IparllH>oM, 6HO je o,n,Be,n,eH y
PaIlIKY, r,n,e je OCTao CBe ,n,OK Kpalb 1)ypaO Hllje nOHOBO
(KaKO je pe'leHO) 3aY3eo PaIlIKY. O,n, YpOIlIa ce PO,n,H ,lleca 0
JI.ecu.
KojeM je paHHje 6llAO pe'lll, a o,n, ,llece rope nOMeHyTll
324
MHpOCAaB, KOHCTaHTHH H HeMal:ba, no KOMe KYha HeMa­ Mupoc.naa,
H>llha ,n,06ll HMe. Y BpeMe OBor HeMaH>e, HaHMe, y ro,n,ll­ HeM.ulbu u
HaMa cnaca 1189, u.ap ¢lPH,n,PllX npBll OBor llMeHa, H,uyhll KOlicmulimuli.
C BOjCKOM npoTHB a3HjcKHx TypaKa II npoAa3ehll Kp03
Cp6Hjy, CTllrao je y HHIlI. Ty My je 6110 H3HIlIao y cycpeT
HeMal:ba C BeAHKOM CBOjOM CBHTOM Hocehll u.apy MHoro
Kp81beBCKHX ,n,apOBa. Uap ra je lby6a3Ho npllMllO, na no­
IJ.ap <Ppuopux
IlITO cy BO,n,llAH nperOBope 0 pa3HllM CTBapHMa, II OH je nomapiJu
H>era Kp81beBCKll ,n,apOBaOH nOTBp,n,110 y ,n,p2KaBll Cp6Hjll. HeM.aIbUIiY
OBO nOMHH>Y onaT APHOA,ll y XpOHHU.H CAOBeHa, MOHax e.n.acm.
rOT<pPH,n, y XpOHHKaMa AYCTpHje H ila,nOBaHau. TareHOH
Ka,a: roBOPll 0 OBOM ¢lPH,n,PllXOBOM noxo,uy. Ka,n je HeMaH>a
yMpO, OCTa,n,OIlIe H3a H>era ,n,Ba CllHa, TllXOMllA H CllMeOH.
TllXOMHA Hllje OCTao Ha BAaCTll Jt,)T:JoKe o,n, ro,n,llHe ,n,aHa, jep nvcO.M.UJ1..
je YMPO. HaCAe,n,110 ra je 6paT My CHMeOH. CHMeOH je BAa­
Cu.M.eOH. ce
,n,ao OKO 1200. ro,n,llHe II npOII1HpllO BAaCT Ha,n Cp6HjOM, npau lia3au
,llaAMaU.HjOM, ,ll)'Kn,OM, TpaBYH>OM H 3axyMlbeM, a 6HO je KpCl.JbeM
npBll KOjll ce Ha3Bao Kp81beM ParnKe. OH je 'leCTO paToBao Paw.Ke.
C rp'lKllM UapCTBoM. HMao je Tpll CHHa: CTe<paHa, BYKca­
PUCKO,
Ha H PacKa. PacKo je y KaAYOePCTBY Ha3BaH CaBa, a Cp6H Kucliuje
ra cMaTpajy cBeu.eM. lheroBe KOCTll He,n,aBHO cy jaBHo cna­ Ceemu Caaa.
lbeHe no HapeoeH>Y 3AHKoBu.a CllHaH-naIlIe. CHMeoH je CnCl.JbeH. 00
yMpO y ne,n,eceT neToj ro,n,llHll 2KHBOTa. HacAe,n,llo ra je CHH TyPUKU.
250
CTe<paH, KOjll je y pa360pllTOCTll: II jYHaIlITBY mllao O'le­ BJlaoU
BllM CTonaMa. A KaKO je 6110 MllpOlby6HB 'lOBeK, 3aKlbY'lHO CmecPuH..
je MHp C ByrapllMa H C rpU.llMa. ilOIlITO cy nOMpAll KHe3
Pa,n:OCAaB H HBaHHIlI He OCTaBllBIlIll ll3a ce6e HHje,n,Hor Cll­
Ha KOjll 6H HeIlITO 3Ha'lHO, CTe<paH je 2KHBeO y MHpy II ca
CBllMa ,n,pyrHMa, ceM IlITO je CTynHO y paT C OHHMa H3 Xy­
Ma. ilOIlITO je Ha,n, H>HMa BAa,n,ao (KaKO je pe'leHO) KHe3
ileTap, CTe<paH caKYnH jaKY BOjCKY H nooe Ha H>era BO­
,n,ehH ca C060M CBora MAaoer CllHa Pa,n,OCAaBa II CBora Cll­
HOBu.a AH,n,Plljy, CHHa MllpOCAaBlbeBa, KOjll je 6HO npOTe­
paH ll3 XYMa. Ta,n,a KHe3 ileTap, Kao BeOMa o,n,Ba:JoKaH roc­
no,n,ap, Hllje XTeo ,n,a H36erHe 60p6y Beh je caKYnllO IlITO je
llr,n,a Morao BHIlIe BojcKe II ll3llIlIao,n,a ce orAe,n,a C H>llMe. Y JKynali JIe­
6HU.H Koja ce 6eIlIe 3aMeTHYAa y paBHllu.H BHIlIha, KHe3 map nomy'ie
ileTap je 6HO nOpa:JoKeH. TepaH o,n, PaIlIaHa, TprHe Ma'l, KH.e3U JIempu.
y,n,apH no je,n,HOM ,n,pBeTY H, 3aCeKaBIlIll ra CBOM CHarOM,
pe'le: ",llOBAa PaIlIaHH", Tj. ,n,OB,n,e, PaIlIaHll. CBll KOjll Bll­
,n,eIlIe oBaj CHa:JoKHH y,n,apau. OCTa,a:OIlIe 3anaH>eHH H CMaTpa­
xy ra qy,n,OM. 3aTHM YMaKHe npeKO peKe HepeTBe H ,n,p2Ka­
IlIe oHaj ,n,eo XYMa KOjH je C OHe CTpaHe peKe. Ta,n:a paIlIKll
2K)'naH CTe<paH 3aY3e 'lHTaB XYM II nOCTaBll Ha H>erOBY
ynpaBy MAaoer CllHa Pa,nOCAaBa, a CBOMe CllHOBIIy AH,n,PH­
jH ,n,a,n:e 2K)'naHlljy ilonOBa, ilpllMopja H CTOHa. OCTaBllB­
IlIll Y XYMY Pa,a:OCAaBa II AH,n,Plljy, BpaTll ce y PaIlIKY. Ho
325
 .,.....
I
MaAO 3aTHM, Ka,n: je YMPO Pa,npCAaB, AH,n:pHja, C rrpHCTaH­
KOM *YI1aHa CTeqJaHa, 3aY3e 'IHTaBY XYMCKY KHe2KeBHHY
H Ha3Ba ce KHe30M. KaKO THMe HHCY 6HAH 3a,n:OBOlhHH He­
KH *YI1aHH H BAaCTeAa HeBeCHlba H ,n:pyre y,n:albeHHje BeA­
M02Ke, rr06YHHIIIe ce H CTaBHIIIe ce rro,n: 3aIIITHTy 6ocaH­
CKOr 6aHa, TaKO ,n:a KHe3Y AH,n:PHjH OCTa,n:e CaMO TIpHMopje,
TIorroBo H CTOH. To My ce ,n:eCHAO jep je rro rrpHpO,n:H 6HO
)f(ynali
MHpOlhy6HB 'IOBeK H HHje XTeO paTOBaTH HH ca KHMe. lhe­
CmecjJali
roBO heMo PO,n:ocAoBlhe ,n:aTH Ka,n: 6y,n:eMO roBOPHAH 0 X)'M­ HOBO H3rpa,n:HAa H 06HOBHAa Sap, KOjH cy rrOCAe rra,n:a PHM­
npujameJb
CKHM rocrro,n:apHMa. Beh rroMeHYTH )KJrraH CTecjJaH 6HO je CKor UapCTBa 6HAH pa30pHAH raAorpU:H. 06HOBHAa je 3a­
,ay6poat{alia.
BeAHKH rrpHjaTelh .lly6pOB'IaHa H YBeK je 2KHBeO C If>HMa y
MHpy. 11 OHH cy If>era BOAeAH H rrOlliTOBaAH H 'IeCTO My
CAaAH rrOKAHcape' C ,n:apOBHMa. CTora je BpAO Aerro rroCTy­
rrao rrpeMa If>HXOBHM TprOBU:HMa H ,n:aBao HM CBe rrOBAac­
THu:e y rrorAe.n:y TproBHHe. BAa,n:ao je ,n:Ba,n:eceT ocaM ro­
,n:HHa, a Ka,n: je yMpO 6HO je rrOKorraH y U:PKBH CB. TIeTpa y
PalliKoj. OCTaBHo je je,n:HHor CHHa H 6aIIITHHHKa TOAHKHX
BJlaoa He­ ,n:p2KaBa, 3BaHor HeMalf>a .llpyrH, Kora cy CBH CMaTpaAH
Ma1t>aJI,pyw.
BeAHKOM rrOlliTelf>a'IHHOM H 6oro6oja2KlhHBHM 'IOBeKOM. KOjOM ,n:olje y 3eTy H Halje JOBaHOB Aorop KO,n: CKa,n:pa. Ty
251 Ha,n:HMaK My 6eIIIe KparraAo. BH,n:ehH ,n:a y CBeM If>eroBoM
KpanaJto. u:apCTBy BAa,n:a MHp H ,n:a ra HHKO He Y3HeMHpaBa, OH XTe­
,n:e Y3eTH THTyAy H Ha3BaTH ce KpalbeM PaIIIKe, Tj. Cp6Hje.
Ka,n: ce 0 TOMe rrocaBeTOBao ca CBOjHM BeAHKaIIIHMa, CBH
O,n:06pHIIIe If>eroBY 3aMHcao H 6exy THMe BpAO 3a,n:OBOlhHH.
BH,n:eBIIIH TO, HeMalf>a rr03Ba Ha orrIIITH ca60p y TIPHIIITH­
HY rraTpHjapxa H CBe u:pKBeHe ,n:ocTojaHcTBeHHKe H BeAHKH
OKpy1t>elije 3a ,n:eo BeAHKallia CBora KpalbeBCTBa, Te Ty 6H KpYHHcaH H y3
KpWba PaWKe. orrIIITe o,n:06paBalf>e H AHKOBalf>e H3BHKaH je,n:HorAaCHO 3a
Kpalba PalliKe. 3aTHM ra rraTpHjapx Ha ,n:aH YCKpca rrOCBe­
TH ca CBHM 06pe,n:HMa H CBe'IaHOCTHMa. TIPHAHKOM Tor rro­
cBehelf>a 3aTpa2KH ,n:a MY ce H3MeHH HMe HeMalf>a y CTe-
Cau pawKU cjJaH. OTy,n:a ce CBH KpalbeBH Cp6Hje, If>erOBH HaCAe,n:HHu;a
KpWbeau lioce H3 HeMalf>HhKe KYhe, Ha3HBaxy CTecjJaH. YCKOpO rrOCAe TO­
UMe CmecjJali.
ra Kpalb CTecjJaH rrO'Ie MHCAHTH Ha rrpOIIIHpelf>e CBora u:ap-
CmecjJali CTBa. CaKJrrHBIIIH, ,n:aKAe, 3HaTHY BOjCKY, KpeHe rryT Sy-
KpanaJto rapCKe, KOjy, rrOlliTO je Ta,n:a 6HAa rrou:erraHa, H y HeMHpH­
3aY3Me aeJtuKU Ma H 6e3 Kpalba, BeAHKHM ,n:eAOM 3ay3e. A 3aTHM, OKpeHYB­
oeo EyzapcKe. .
IIIH ce Ha rp'IKY, H TaMO OCBOJH MHora MeCTa. He 3a,n:OBO­
lhHBIIIH ce HH THMe, KpeHy y paT rrpOTHB Yrpa H rro.z:tiapMH
YzapKU1t>a Hapo,n:e CpeMa Ha,n: KojHMa y TO BpeMe BAa,n:aIIIe HeKa roc­
Ypul&a, aJta­
rrolja YpHu:a Koja je 6HAa y KPBHOM CpO,n:CTBy C yrapcKHM
oapKa CpeMa.
KpalbeBHMa. Ka,n: je YpHu:a BH,n:eAa ,n:a CBOjHM CHaraMa He-
he MohH o,n:OAeTH KpalbY CTecjJaHY, rro6e2Ke y YrapcKY. Ca­
KYrrHBIIIH Ty 3HaTaH 6poj lhy,n:CTBa, 3aMeTHe 6HTKY C If>HMe.
AAH je 6HAa rrOpa2KeHa H 3apo6lheHa. TIOlliTO ce HHKaKO
3ampQJKu
nOMon 00
HHje MorAa H36aBHTH, yrryTH MOA6y .n:y6pOBa'IKOM ceHaTy
,ay6poat{alia. ,n:a rrocpe.n:yje H Ha CBaKH Ha'IHH H3,n:ejcTByje If>eHO oCAo6o­
Ijelf>e H3 Tora MeCTa. .lly6pOB'IaHH cy ,n:OHCTa rrpeKO CBOjHX
326
rrOKAHCapa HHKOAe TIpo,n:aHoBHha H MapHHa CapaKe yc­ CMpm KpWba
rreAH ,n:a je Kpalb CTecjJaH, 2KeAehH ,n:a yro,n:H OBOj rocrro,n:H, CmecjJalia.
KOHa'IHO OCAo6o,n:H H 3aKlhyqH C If>OMe MHp. TIOlliTO je BAa­
,n:ao ,n:Ba,n:eceT H ,n:Be ro,n:HHe, Kpalb CTecjJaH yMpe, a HaCAe­
cPpalil&YCKU1t>a
,n:H ra If>erOB CHH CTecjJaH, KOjH ce KpyHHca O,n:Max rrOCAe JeJtelie, JlCelia
O'IeBe CMpTH. OH o,n:p2Ka BAaCT Ha,n: rpU:HMa H Ap6aHaCHMa KpWba
y BeAHKoj rrpaB,n:H H MHpy. 02KeHHO ce ¢paHU:YCKHlf>OM CmecjJalia.
JeAeHOM, 2KeHOM BeOMa o,n:aHOM xpHIIIhaHCTBY. OHa je rro­
raJtOZpl&U
pa3opeEap,
a KpWbUl&a
JeJlelia za
THM HeKe ,n:pyre OKOAHe TBpljaBe H (KaKO Ka2Ke MapHH
06li08U.
SapAeTO) rro,n:HrAa y ErrHpy H y l1AHPHKY MHore MaHaCTHpe
H ,n:pyra BepCKa 3,n:alf>a, IIITO ce jOlli H ,n:aHac M02Ke BH,n:eTH
rro HeKHM ype3aHHM MepMepHMa H ,n:pyrHM 3arrHCHMa.
CTora jy je If>eH MJ)K MHOro BOAeo. 3a BpeMe If>erOBe BAa­
252
,n:aBHHe ,n:olje HeKH BojBo,n:a JOBaH, rpK H3 .llpa'Ia, C Be­
AHKOM BOjCKOM Y 3eTY C HaMepOM ,n:a je 3aY3Me. Ka,n: je TO KpWbCme­
ca3Hao Kpalb CTecjJaH, rrpHrrpeMH H OH CBOjy BOjCKY C cjJali nomyt{e U
3ap06u aoj­
scanaooy
ra Harra,n:e H rropa3H, Te ra 3apo6H 2KHBOr C MHorHM rp'I­
Haalia.
KHM IIAeMHhHMa. Ta,n:a u:apHrpa,n:CKH (KOHCTaHTHHorrOlh­
CKH) u:ap, ,n:a 6H H36aBHO H3 TaMHHu:e rrOMeHyTor JOBaHa, KOlicmalimuli
KOjH je 6HO If>eroB poljaK, Kao H ,n:pyre rpKe, 3aKlhyqH MHp OnOJbCKU l&ap
C1(Jlonu MUP C
C KpalbeM CTecjJaHOM. Meljy ,n:pyrHM YCAOBHMa 3aKlhyqeHor
KpWbeM
MHpa 6eIIIe H Taj ,n:a BojBo,n:a ,n:pa'IKH He CMe y6y.n:yhe Y3­ CmecjJaliOM.
HeMHpaBaTH y HMe UapCTBa rpaHHu:e 3eTe HH Kpalb PaIII­
Ke rpaHHu:e .llpa'Ia H AA6aHHje. TIocAe Tora rrO'Ie Kpalb
KpWbCme­
CTecjJaH HacTojaTH ,n:a rroBeha cBoje rrpHxo,n:e H u:apHHe. Y cjJali ooaoou
Ty CBPXY rrOCAa y HeMa'IKY lhy,n:e ,n:a My ,n:OBe.n:y HeMu:e Be­ HeMl&epaou
IIITe y KOrralf>Y 3AaTa, cpe6paH ,n:pyrHx KOBHHa. 11 TaKo, omaapa1t>a
6Aaro,n:apehH MHorHM py,n:HHU:HMa Koje My OBH OTBopHIIIe, pyoliuKa.
rropaCTe BeOMa If>erOBO 6Aaro H rrOCTa,n:e BpAO 60raT. OBO
KpWb
HHCY YMeAH If>erOBH rrpeTxo,n:HHU:H, rra cy 2KHBeAH rrpHrrpo­
CmecjJali
CTO, He 6PHHYhH ce 3a caKYrrlhalf>e 6Aara H CTHu:alf>e HOB­ noouzlie
u:a. rOTOBO rrpe,n: caMY CMpT rro,n:H2Ke MaHacTHp MHAellieBY. Maliacmup
MUJleweay.
TIocAe BAa,n:alf>a o,n: ocaMHaeCT ro,n:HHa rrpeceAH ce y 60lhH
2KHBOT. l1Mao je 'IeTHpH cHHa, HaHMe,..llparyTHHa, TIPH,n:H­
cAaBa, MHAyTHHa H CTecjJaHa, o,n: KOjHX je TIPH,n:HCAaB Kac­
HHje 6HO rrOCTaBlheH 3a apxHerrHcKorra cprrcKor. .llparyTHH,
,apazymuIi
rraK, BH,n:ehH ,n:a My je OTau: Beh cTap, a caM rro rrpHpo,n:H
npomepa Ol&a
o,n:Beh 2KelhaH BAaCTH, rro,n:H2Ke opJ)Kje rrpOTHB ou:a H rrpo­ U3 KpWbea­
Tepa ra H3 KpalbeBCTBa. TaKo CTecjJaH rrOCAe ocaMHaeCT cmaa.
ro,n:HHa BAa,n:alf>a YMpe pa3BAaIIIheH . .llOK je, ,n:aKAe, KPalbe­
Bao, .llparyTHH je rrOKa3HBao BeAHKY pa36opHTOCT y BAa­
,n:alf>y. AAH ocehajyhH HrraK rpH)KJ caBeCTH 360r rrO'IHlf>e­ JIoKaje ce,
Hor rpexa rrpeMa ou:y, OMyqH ,n:a ce, pa,n:H rroKajalf>a, 3a­ cu/je c
MOHalliH y .lle6py H rrperrycTH KpalbeBCTBO CBOM 6paTy npecmOJla U
3aMOliaWU ce.
MHAYTHHY. .llOK je MHAyTHH BAa,n:ao, If>erOB MAaljH 6paT
327
 T
BAaaa CTe<paH HHje My 6HO MHoro nOKopaH. CTora, ,Aa 6H ra
MW!ymw-t. yxAOHHO H3 cBoje Cpe,AHHe H ,Aa He 6H HMao npHAHKe ,Aa ce
CBaoa C lbHMe, ,Aa,Ae My Ha ynpaBy je,AHY Be1\.HKY nOKpa­
jHHY Ha rpaHHUH YrapCKe, OKO MaTme H CB. jlHMHTpHja H
3e..M.Jba KpWba Ha 06aAaMa CaBe. AAH y3 CBe TO HHje ra Morao npeo-
CmecjJaHa. KpeHyTH HH caBHTH lberOB JIYX. Jep '-IHM ,Aooe Ha ynpaBy
nOMeHyTe nOKpajHHe, TOAHKO ce Y30XOAH ,Aa, O,AMeTHyBIIIH
ce O,A 6paTa, Y3e THTyAy Kpan:,a H He XTe,Ae ,Aa C lbHMe
)KHBH y MHpy. OBa nOKpajHHa o,A OHor BpeMeHa na ,Aan:,e
3BaIIIe ce 3eMlba Kpalba CTe<paHa. HH Ha TO ce He paCp,AH
Kpan:, MHAYTHH, KOjH je no npHpO,AH 6HO 6Aar H ,Ao6ap, Ben
~-~
6o.?lcaH l.!O~elC, ra nyCTH ,Aa )KHBH KaKO XOlle,h
a OH ce caB 6HO npe,Aao 60­
U3ZpaOu 40 )KaHcKoj CAy*6H H 6HO 3ay3eT H3rpa,AlbOM upKaBa H MaHa­
MaHacmupa. CTHpa KOjHX je 3a CBora )KHBOTa nO,AHraO '-IeTp,AeCeT. 11 y
253,AelbelbY rrpaB,Ae 6eIlIe BeOMa rrpaBW-laH. HHje ce ,Aao nOT­
KYnHTH HH MOA6aMa, HH HOBueM, HH H'-IHM ,ApyrHM. CTora
cy ra CBH CMaTpaAH 3a CBeTor. 11 360r lberOBe lby6a3He
npHpO,Ae C pa3AoroM 6eIlIe Ha3BaH MHAYTHH, I1ITO 3Ha'-lH
YMHlbaT HAM ,Apar. 360r Tora 60r ,AOnYCTH ,Aa jOIlI 3a lbero-
CmecjJaHoBa Ba )KHBOTa yMpe lberOB 6paT CTe<paH, KOjH 6H rrOKonaH y
CMpm. UpKBH CB. jlHMHTpHja y CpeMY. Kpan:, MHAYTHH, Kora
MW!ymuHa HeKH 30BY YpOIlI CBeTH, Ma,Aa je YBeK 6HO rrpHjaTelb Jly­
30ey u Ypow 6pOB'-IaHa, HnaK no HaroBOpy H naKOCTH HeKHX lberOBHX
Ceemu.
lbY,AH, HenpHjaTelba Jly6pOB'-IaHa, 06jaBH HM paT. Jly6POB­
3apamu c '-IaHH cy Hajrrpe HacTojaAH ,Aa ra 0,A06pOBOlbe nOTtiHlbe-
J1.y6POBHUKOM. t.. t.. •
HOIlIllY H nOKopHoIlIllY, aAH Ka,A TO HHJe nOMorAO, Haopy­
)KaIIIe ce H OHH. 11 TpH nyTa ce C lbHMe nOryKoIlIe: npBH
nyT no,A 3arrOBe,AHHKOM ileTPOM Ty,AHIIIeBHneM H ,ApyrH
nyT no,A BOOCTBOM PaCKa PalbHHe H3ry6HIIIe 6HTKY, aAH
,l(y6poBl.£aHu TpenH nyT, Ka,A ce HenpHjaT~lbCKa BojcKa XTeAa CnyCTHTH
nOpa3e BOjCKY Y )Kyny ,n:y6pOBa'-lKY, ,AO'-leKa Je LIHBO lyH,n:yAMn H npHCHAM
KpWba Ha nOBAa'-lelbe. ilOCAe OBora, nOCpe,ACTBOM uapa AH,Apo.-~
MW!ymuHa. HHKa, YpOIlIeBor TaCTa, 3aKlby-'lHIIIe MHp. OBaj je KPan:,
JKeHa KpWba MHoro BOAeo AaTHHCKe rpa,AOBe H O,AHOCHO ce npeMa lbH­
MW!ymuHa XOBHM TproBUHMa BpAO Ihy6a3Ho H Aeno. BAa,AaO je TpH,Ae­
3BaJta ce, KaKO ceT H neT ro,AHHa, HAH (KaKO ,ApyrH BeAe) '-IeTp,AeCeT. Ca,Aa
ce BUOu U3 nO'-lHBa y UpKBH CB. MapHje y C0<pHjH, r,Ae je lberOBO TeAO
Komopc1CUX . KpCT, npH6Hjy H npeTeCTepHIIIY no cpe,AHHH. ilOCAe OBora
noBJtacmuqa, jOIlI '-IHTaBO C ,n:yrHM ,AAaKaMa, HapO'-lHTO ryCTHM Ha rrp-
Kup (rocnooa) CHMa. PaHHje, MeOYTHM, 6eIlIe caxpalbeH y MaHaCTHpy CB.
JeJ!eHa. CTe<paHa y 3Be'-laJiY, KOjH je caM nO,AHrao. 11 nOCAe CMPTH
CBH cy ra ,AP)KaAH 3a CBeua. OCTaBHO je Tpoje MyIIIKe H
JeJ!ucaBema,
Khu yzapCKOi!
,ABoje )KeHCKe ,Aeue. Je,AaH je 6HO He3aKOHHT, no HMeHy
KPaJba CTe<paH, a HMao ra je C HeKOM ITAeMKHlbOM; jlpyra ,ABojHua
CmecjJaHa IV, cy 6HAH 3aKOHHTH. BAa,AHCAaB, Kora HeKH 30BY YpOIlI, pO­
6ewe JlCeHa ,AHO ce O,A npBe lberOBe )KeHe, JeAMcaBeTe, KiiepH CTe<paHa
KpWba
MW!ymuHa. qeTBpTor, yrapcKor Kpan:,a; ,ApyrH ce 3BaIlIe KOHCTaHTHH,
pooeH O,A ,Apyre )KeHe, Koja je 6HAa fpKHlba H3 UapHrpa,Aa.
CTe<paH, He3aKOHHTH CHH, ,AaKAe, Kao BeOMa rraMeTaH
328
'-IOBeK, ycneo je ,Aa ra 3aBOAe CBH BeAHKaIIIH Kpan:,eBCTBa
Koje je HayMHo 3a,A06HTH H npHcBojHTH jOIlI 3a )KHBOTa
Teoaopa, x:hu
CBora oua, HAM 6ap (aKO My TO He ycne) nOCAe lberoBe qapa AHapo­
CMPTH. Ka,A je TO npHMeTHO KPan:, MHAYTHH, Hape,AH ,Aa ra HUx:a, 6ejawe
OCAene H nOCAa ra y UapHrpa,A CBOM TaCTY Uapy AH,APOHH­ apyza JlCeHa
KY, '-IHjy je Kiiep Teo,A0py HMao 3a )KeHY, ,Aa ra TaMO '-IyBa lCpWba
MW!ymuHa.
3aje,AHO ca lberOBa ,ABa HejaKa CHHa, O,A KOjHX je je,AaH
YCKOPO yMpO; ,Apyror, C Ha,AHMKOM JlyIlIaH, jOIlI roTOBO Kao 254
,Ae'-laKa, npe Hero I1ITO YMpe ,AOBe,Ae H3 UapHrpa,Aa y
Cp6Hjy. HeKH K~ ,Aa je CTe<paHa OTau OCAerrHO npe 360r
onTY*6e lberOBe Manexe. MeOYTHM, HHje OCTao caCBHM
CAerr, Ma,Aa ce y nOqeTKY npaBHO ,Aa jeCTe. Ka,A je, ,AaKAe,
BAa,AHCAaB ,AOIlIao Ha yrrpaBY Kpan:,eBCTBa, YBeK ce rrOKa­
3HBao BeAMKHM npHjaTelbeM Jly6pOB'-IaHa, O,A KOjHX cy
HeKH, a noce6Ho MaTo UpHjeBHn, LIHBO ilyuHn H BH,A Bo-
6an:,eBHn 60paBHAM HeKO BpeMe Ha lberoBoM ,ABOPY H rro­
MaraAH My y paTOBHMa Koje je BO,AHO ca CBOjOM 6panoM. A
B06an:,eBHn, KOjH je 6HO BPAO 60raT, BpaTHBIIIH ce y Jly­
6pOBHHK, BHIIIe ITYTa ra je nOMorao HOBueM, KaKO ce BH,AH
y 3aBeIlITalbY B06an:,eBHna H3 1326. ro,AHHe. Ty B06an:,e­
BHn H3jaBlbyje ,Aa MY je oBaj KPan:" 3aje,AHO ca CBOjHM
oueM, 6HO ~HHK He 3HaM KOAHKe CBOTe HOBua. OrpOMaH
,Aeo TOra HOBua BAa,AHCAaB je YTPOIlIHO Ha y-'lBpIlInelbe
cBoje BAaCTH y PaIIIKOj. AAH CBH lberOBH HanopH 6exy y3a­
AY,AHH. ilOIlITO je 6HO y paTY ca CBOjHM 6paToM KOHCTaH­
THHOM, HeKH BeAHKaIlIH KOjH HHCY 6HAH lbHMe 3a,AOBOIhHH
no6pHHYIlIe ce ,Aa ,AOoe H3 UapHrpa,Aa lberoB 6paT 3a Kora
peKocMo ,Aa ra je OTau OCAenHO. A OH, 6y,n:ynH BeOMa
oKpeTaH (KaKo je pe'-leHo) y CBHM CBOjHM nOCAOBHMa, 3Hao
je HCKOPHCTHTH rrO,ABojeHoCT rroMeHYTHX BeAHKaIlIa, O,A
KOjHX je ,Aeo 6HO Ha CTpaHH BAa,AHCAaBa, a ,Aeo Ha cTpaHH
KOHCTaHTHHa. jlOK cy OBa 6paha nporoHHAa je,AaH ,Apy­
rora, CTe<paH npHBy-'le K ce6H BenH ,Aeo BAaCTeAe H Hapo­
,Aa. Y TOMe MY je MHOro HIlIAa HapyKY Hecnoco6HOCT BAa­
,AHCAaBa, KOjH ce nOKa3a caCBHM 6eCKopHCHHM H HeHC­ KOHcmaHmwt
KYCHHM y paTHoj BeIlITHHH. Ka,A je BAa,AHCAaB YXBaTHO pa3anemu
CBora 6paTa KOHCTaHTHHa, Hape,AH ,Aa ra pa3anHY Ha npemecme­
pucaH no
HaJtOZY 6pama
O,ll!\y-'lH ,Aa O,Ae O,AaTAe H ,Aa ce nOBy-'le y CpeM, TaMo HHje BAaOuCJtaea.
y*HBao ,A06ap yrAe,A, npeM,Aa je 6HO pOOaK yrapcKor
Kpan:,a. BH,AenH YrpH ,Aa HHje ,A06ap paTHHK H, npeMa TO­
Me, M HHje ,AOCTojaH,Aa BAa,Aa, He npy*HIIIe My HHKaKBY
nOMon. iloCAe KpaTKor BpeMeHa, ,AOK je 60paBHo y MaqBH, BAaOuCJtaB
YXBaTHo ra je lberOB 6paT CTe<paH H 6aUHo y TaMHHUY, Te yMpey
maMHuqu.
je TY 3aBpIlIHo CBOj )KHBOT. ilOIlITO cy, ,AaKAe, YMPAH (KaKO
peKOCMo) BAa,AHCAaB H KOHCTaHTHH, lbHXOB 6paT CTe<paH 3aBJtaaa
CmecjJa H
opy*aHoM PYKOM nOKopH '-IHTaBO O'-leBO Kpan:,eBcTBo. ilpe CJtenu.
Hero I1ITO ra je noqeo oCBajaTH, HMajynH npe,A OqHMa,Aa je
329
 ''''"''''

lberoB oTau, Yponr YJIillBaO BeAHKj' 6AaI'OHaKAOHOCT CBlljy,

:>KeHa 6liAa je Khll BAanrKOra KHe3a, na jy je, nOCAe JI.YI'O
BpeMeHa nrTO je C lbOM npOBeo y 6paKj', OTnpaBllO lbeHOM
yqllHll My ce 3roJI.HllM, KaKO 6ll ra n:.YJI.ll Bllnre 3aBOAeAH,

IIpOMeHu UMe. JI.a npOMeHll cBoje llMe II Ha30Be ce OT.{eBllM. 11 YHCTllHY,

ony, a Y3eo JI.pyry, II TO 6llBnry :>KeHY CBora 6paTa, CBy­ 256
KaBnrll joj MOHanrKO OJI.eAO Koje je 6liAa o6YKAa. AAll nonrTO
nOKa3a ce JI.OCTOjHllM II OT.{eBa llMeHa II OT.{eBa BAaJI.alba.

Meoy JI.pyrllM lberoBllM nOXBMHllM OC06llHaMa 6enre II Ta

cy ra 360r Tora yKOpllAH II enllCKon II JI.pyrll u,pKBeHll JI.O­
cTojaHcTBeHllu,ll, OTnYCTli je nOCAe JI.YI'O BpeMeHa II O:>KeHll
nrTO je, rJI.e roJI. 6ll JI.onrao y JI.OJI.llP C HeKllM TproBu,eM,

BpAO Aeno C lbllM nocTynao. CTora cy ce MHorll ,Z:tr6pOBT.{a­ ce ceCTpOM 6yrapcKor KpaLba CBeHJI.OCAaBa. KaJI. ce Ben 3a­
255
Hll paJI.O 3aJI.p:>KaBaAH II TproBMll y lberOBOM KpaLbeBCTBY. CllTllO lbe3llHe n:.y6aBll, nOTpa:>Kll JI.pyry, TIAeMeHllTlljer pO­
JI.a. 11 nrTO ra je EBJI.OKllja Bllnre OJI.6lljMa, TO je OH 6liBao
AAll jeJI.HOM, 360r Aa:>KHllX 06aBenrTelba JI.06lljeHllx OJI. He­
KllX 3AoHaMepHllKa KojllMa je nOBepoBao, cTynll y paT C ynopHlljli, npll6eraBajynll T.{eCTO II npeTlbaMa. CTora je
u,ap 6liO npllClin:.eH JI.a My CKpeHe na:>KlbY Ha CBOjy Khep
,Z:tr6pOBT.{aHllMa, Tpa:>Kehll JI.a MY ,Z:tr6pOBT.{aHll (KaKO je rope
3apamu c .
.ll,y6p08T./.O.HUMa peT.{eHO) yCTyne OCTPBO AaCTOBO, KOJe OHll 6exy Kj'nllAll OJI. CliMOHlilJY, Koja je llMaAa TeK neT roJI.llHa. Uap je o6enao
36o~Aacmo8a. KpaLba KpanMa. Ho KacHllje, yallJI.eBnrll 3a6AYllY, CKAOnll C JI.a he My je JI.aTli, aAH JI.a OCTaHe y OT.{llHCKOj Kj'nll JI.O nyHO­
AeTCTBa, a OHJI.a JI.a je BOJI.ll Kao :>KeHy. C TllMe ce CAO:>KllO
lbllMa T.{BPCTll Mllp II nOT.{e llX BOAeTli II nOCTynaTll C lbllMa
CTeq:,aH Yponr, na je u,ap Ha npOAene JI.onrao ca CBOjOM
MHOrO 6on:.e Hero npe. I1cTO TaKO 6liAO My je JI.paro JI.a :>Kli­
Bll Y nplljaTen:.CTBY li ca CBOM cyceJI.HOM rocnOJI.OM. YnpaB­ Knepll y COAYH. TaMO je JI.onrao II Kpan:. PanrKe, KOjll je
n:.ajyhll BpAO MYJI.PO CBOjliM 3eMn:.aMa, BeOMa ce 060raTliO. 360r 3aKLbyqelba Mllpa C u,apeM JI.OBeO ca C060M MHore Cll­
CTora 1319. roJI.llHe, Koja 6enre (KaKO HeKll BeAe) OCMa HOBe llCTaKHYTllX BeAliKanra PanrKe li CBeHJI.OCAaBn:.eBY ce­
CTpy. fby je nOCAe KpaTKor BpeMeHa, T.{llM je OJI.BeJI.eHa y
roJI.llHa lberoBa BAaJI.alba, nOJI.ll:>Ke jeJI.aH oATap y U,PKBll
CB. HllKoAe y UaplirpaJI., Y3eo 3a :>KeHY MllxajAo KOTpYAe, KOjli je paHlije
y AnyAlljll. CnoMeH Ha TO jonr je II
JI.aHaC CaT.{yaaH, jep y nOMeHYTOj U,PKBll OBaKO CTOjll liMao 3a :>KeHY u,apeBy cecTpy. KaJI. je u,ap 3aKLbyqllo Mllp C
3anllcaHO: PanraHllHOM, JI.aJI.e My Khep CllMOHllllY. AAll ra 360r Tora O.?KeHU ce

YKOpll naTplljapx JOBaH, paHllje 3BaH KY3Ma. Uap My OJ!..­ Cu.MOHUOOM,

ilema rocnoihoe2 1319, Mjece-ya jyHa wecm02 wwwcma, ICneplCoM lJapa

rOBopli JI.a ce Kpan:.eBCKa CpOJI.CTBa nOJI.enraBajy II CKAanajy AHopoHulCa.

Ypow 1CPQJb Paw1Ce U J].Y1CJbe, An6aHuje, BY2apc1Ce U -YeJW2a

KaKO 3axTeBajy npllAHKe. aBO nOMlllbe reoprlije ilaxHMep
JaopaHc1C02 npUMopja, 00 Mopa 00 eeJlU1Ce pe1Ce J].YHaea,
y X. Klbll3ll, CllMOHllJI.a, Koja ce KacHllje np03Ba CllMOHll­
oao je oa ce uspaoe caoawl-bu oAmap, eeAU1Ca cpe6pHa
JI.a I1peHa, 6enre npeKpaCHa JI.eBojKa. ilonrTO je lbeHOM ony
U1COHa, ceemWb1Ce U eeJlU1CU cee'h.1-ba-yu 00 cpe6pa Ha Ltacm
AHJI.POHllKj' YMPAO Bllnre JI.eu,e, OH je no caBeTy HeKe :>KeHe
BO.?ICujy U npe6Aa.?ICeH02a HU1CoAe; y npucycmey l-be20e02
HapeJI.110 JI.a ce ll3PaJI.ll JI.BaHaeCT BonrTaHllX CBena BeAH­
HaCJl.eOHU1Ca us Komopa CUHa J].ecucnaeJbee02, eepH02 U uc­
T.{liHe T.{OBeKa ca CAHKOM JI.BaHaeCT anOCTOAa. aBe cBehe
1CYCH02 USaCJl.aHU1Ca peLteH02a 1CPQJba. A MU, Py'fjep us MH­
(KaKO Ka:>Ke ilaxHMep), KaJI. ce npll6All:>KliAO BpeMe no­
eWluje 1Cao npomoMajcmop U P06epm us BapAemme 1Cao
pooaja lberoBe :>KeHe, HapeJI.liO je JI.a ce peJI.OM nMe. 11 JI.OK
Majcmop y ceeM.Y npe HaeeoeHoM, nocao CMO 3anOLteAU
je ropeAa cBeha Ha KOjOj je 6HAa CAllKa CllMeYHa, pOJI.llAa
cnoMeHym02a Mece-ya jYHa U eepHo 2a XpucmoeoM Ha1CJW­
ce OBa Khll, Koja je CTora JI.o6liAa liMe CllMOHllJI.a. ilonrTO
Howhy Ha ucme1CY Mece-ya Mapma cneoene 200wie
je 6AaroJI.apehli lbeHOM nOCpeJI.OBalbY 6110 CKAOnn:.eH Mlip
ooepwWlu. HpeHaje

li3MeOY rpKa li KPaLba Yponra, 6liAa je Ha3BaHa CllMOHllJI.a ~p1./.lCape1.l., a

HaKoH Tora 3anpocli npeKo nOCAaHllKa 3a :>KeHy YJI.OBllny
EBJI.OKlijy, ceCTpy u,apa AHJl.POHllKa MAaoer, o6ehaBajyhll:
TpajHll npeKliJI. HenplljaTen:.CTaBa II Mllp C PliMn:.aHllMa.
Mo1l.HulC Ypow. .
Jep (KaKo Ka:>Ke Hllhllq:,Op rperopa y VI. Klbll3ll) 6liO Je MO­
I1peHa. fbeHa MajKa 6liAa je MapKll3a II CllHoBllu,a nrnaH­ 3HattUMUp.
CKor KpaLba. aHa je (KaKO nllnre rperopa y VII. Klb.) JI.apo­ CU.IIWHuGuHa
BaAa Blinre nyTa TOAllKj' CBOTY HOBu,a CBOM 3eTy Yponry JI.a MajlCa nowa­
6li ce TOM CBOTOM MorAa TpajHo ll3JI.p:>KaBaTll CTOTliHa .!be ctLJtHO

haH T.{OBeK li HenpeCTaHO je Y3HeMlipaBao PllMCKO Uap­
CTBO, T.{llje je 3eMn:.e JI.eAOM 3aY3llMao, a JI.eAOM nyCTonrllo. Ma CBOjOj Knepll JI.a jy je XTeAa OKpYJlillTll CBliM cjajeM jeJI.­
CBe TO 3aJI.aBMO je u,apy MHOro HeBon:.e li CTpaxa. C jeJI.He
CTpaHe, jep MY je 6liAO MHOro CTMO JI.O lberoBor npll­
jaTen:.CTBa, C JI.pyre CTpaHe, jep lberoBa ceCTpa Hllje XTeAa
Hll JI.a qyje rAac OHllX KOjll cy roBOpliAli 0 paTy. A MyqllAa
Ypowje UMao ra je jonr jeJI.Ha CTBap. HallMe, oBaj 6paK KOjli je Yponr :>Ke­
t.temupu .?KeHe. .
Aeo JI.a CKAOnli 6110 Je Beh T.{eTBpTll no pellY. ilpBa lberOBa
330
opY:>KaHllX raAHja. TaKO je 6llAa 3aCAenn:.eHa n:.y6aBn:.y npe­ 6.nmo C80Me
3emy Ypowy.
He npaBe u,apllu,e. Y HeMoryhHoCTll JI.a yqllHll Blinre, noCT­
aBll Ha rAaBY CBora 3eTa nrenrllp ll3Be3eH MHorllM 6llce­
pllMa II JI.parllM KaMelbeM, KaKO cy 06llT.{HO HOCliAll PliMCKll
u,apeBli. TaKO je HaCTaBliAa nOCAe CBaKe roJI.liHe, He npo­ 257
nynrTajyhll Hll jeJI.HY. Y3 TO je noce6HO CAMa CBOjOj Khepll
MHOro 6Aara. HaJI.ajyhll ce JI.a he BliJI.eTll lbe3liHY JI.eny,
331
 ~
2KYpHAa je Aa HX yqHHH 60raTHM H BeAllKHM. MH KaKO je
CBe TO PaAHAa a Aa ce HHKaA HHje o6pahaAa 6ory, CBa H>e­
Cee ce IVeHe Ha HaAa OCTa Y3aAYAHa. KpaJb YpOIII, HaMMe, KaA My je 6H­
7:3~:~~=~ AO qeTpAeCeT roAHHa H BHIIIe,
.. noqeo je ca CHMOHHAOM
Aa :lKHBH Kao ca :lKeHOM KaA Je JeABa HMaAa ocaM roAHHa H
TaKO 03AeAHO lbeHY MaTepHU:Y Aa HHKaAa HHje MorAa
HMaTH Aeu:e. 360r Tora je H>eHa MajKa MHOro naTHAa, H
KaA je BHAeAa Aa ce HHje OCTBapHAO OHO qeMY ce HaAaAa,
nOKYIIIa jeAHY APyry CTBap. MOAHAa je CBora 3eTa YpOIIIa,
KOMe je y Ty CBPXY CAaAa 6e36pojHe AapoBe, Aa 6ap npH­
cTaHe, KaA Beh HHje Morao HMaTH Aeu:e ca CHMOHHAOM, Aa
nporAacH 3a 6aIIITHHHKa H HacAeAHHKa KpaJbeBCTBa PaIII­
Ke jeAHor OA H>eHHX CHHOBa H CHMOHHAHHe 6pahe, ,llHMH­
TpHja HAll TeoAopa. JeAHor 3a ApyrHM nOCAa CHHOBe y Cp­
6Hjy C BeAHKHM 6oraTCTBoM. MH HH TO HHje ycneAa OC-
KnUKpaJba TBapHTH, jep cy ce peqeHa 6paha nOCAe Kpaher 60paBKa y
YpowaHeoa Cp6HjH KOA CBora 3eTa, He nOAHocehH CypOBOCT Tora Kpa­
6ewe:;;ceHa ja, BpaTHAa KYhH He He 6aIII 3aAoBOlbHH YpOIIIeM. YpOIII
Muxaj/ta YAa CBOjy Khep HeAY HAll ,llOMHHHKY 3a MHXajAa KOjH ce
ByzapuHa.
Ha3Ba u:apeM Byrapa. MHxajAo jy je, nOIIITO je C lbOM HMao
MHOro Aeu:e, oA6aU:HO H Y3eo TeOAOpy TIaAeOAOr, HajMAaoy
cecTPY u:apa AHApOHHKa. MHxajAo Aa je YpOIII Beh
CTap, O)I.AyqH Aa 3aY3Me H>erOBO KpaJbeBCTBO, Te y Ty CBpXy
noqe caKYnlbaTH AAH KaA je TO ca3Hao CTecpaH
YpOIII, CTaAe H OH roMHAaTH CBOjy BOjCKY. 3aTO, nocpeA­
CTBOM ,lly6pOBqaHa, AOBeAe H3 l1TaAHje XHlbaAY H TpH CTO­
THHe HeMau:a KOjH cy paHHje CAY:lKHAH y paTOBHMa MHOrHM
HTaAHjaHcKHM KHe30BHMa. HHhHCPOp fperopa HX, naK,
Ha3HBa ¢paHU:Y3HMa. CeM Tora, AOOOIIIe My y nOMoh H
MHorH ApyrH lbYAH, H3Be:lK6aHH paTHHU:H. 11 TaKO ce KPaJb
CTecpaH YpOIII npHnpeMH 3a OTnop ByrapHHy. KaA je
ByrapHH AOIIIao C jaKoM BOjCKOM Ha rpaHHU:Y PaIIIKe H,
.ay6post{aHu YTa6opHO ce Ha jeAHoM MeCTY 3BaHOM TPHOBO, KpaJb YpOIII
ooseoy U3 nOCAa npOTHB H>era CBora CHHa CTecpaHa, KOjH KacHHje 6H
Hma.J[uje 1300 Ha3BaH ,llymaH, H BYKcaHa, MAaAHha OA OKO ABaAeCeT ro-
He.M.alOa y , h 1-;.
nOMon KpaJby AHHa. ,llyIIIaH, HMaJY H Y3a ce MHoro lbYACTBa H Me'JY OC-
Ypowy. TaAHM nOMeHYTHX 1300 HeMau:a, OA KOjHX 300 KOH>aHHKa,
nOTyqe ce C ByrapHHoM, KOjH je HMao MHOro BHIIIe lbYA­
CTBa HeroAH PaIIIaHH. MH KaA cy BojcKe HMaAe Aa 3aMeT­
258 6 . .
HY HTKY, HeMaqKH BOJHHU:H pa3peAHIIIe CBY BOJCKY, KaKO
je 3axTeBaAa paTHa BeIIITHHa, Te peKoIIIe CTecpaHY ,lly­
IIIaHY H ApyrHM BeAllKaIIIHMa PaIIIKe: "MH KOjH CMO PHM­
CKe HAll AaTHHCKe Bepe H o6peAa, yhH heMo npBH y 6op6y,
a BH heTe cTajaTH nOCTpojeHH C BaIIIHM qeTaMa, H aKO 6y­
AeTe BHAeAll Aa MH HanpeAYjeMo H Aa CMO H3a3BaAH no­
MeTlbY y HenpHjaTelbcKoj BOjCU:H, TaAa heTe Hac CAeAHTH
YAapajyhH jYHaqKH KaO npaBH paTHHU:H. MH aKO cAyqajHo
332
6YAeTe BHAeAH (IIITO He Aao 6or) Aa CMO MH pa36HjeHH,
na3HTe Aa ce He ynYIIITaTe Y 6op6y C HenpHjaTelbeM, Beh
HeKa ce CBaKO cnacaBa KaKO 60lbe MO:lKe." OAMax nOCAe
Tora, 36HBIIIH ce CBH 3ajeAHo, nOqeIIIe Kao n06eCHeAll yna­
AaTH y HenpHjaTelbCKY BOjCKY, Te CHaroM KOnaJba H Ma­
"leBa npOOOIIIe CBYAa paH>aBajyhH H y6HjajyhH CBaKOra KO
HM ce HaIIIao Ha nYTY. 3aTHM ce BpaTHIIIe OAaKAe 6exy
KpeHYAH. TaKO nOHOBHIIIe JOIII ApyrH H TpehH nyT, TYKYhH
yseK H npaBehH nOKOlb MeOY HenpHjaTelbHMa. KaA je TO
BHAeo CHH KPaJba CTecpaHa YpOIIIa, KpeHe H OH ca CBOjHM
Cp6HMa npOTHB Byrapa. HanaAajyhH HX CMeAO H OABa:lK­ Cmeq;aH .ay­
utaH nopQ3U
HO, pa36H HX H HaTepa y 6eKCTBO y6HjajyhH CBe Ha Koje ce MuxajJla
HaMepH. Y OBOj 6HU:H 6HO je paH>eH H 060peH C KOH>a ByzapUHa.
6yrapcKH u:ap MHxajAO. AAH nOIIITO ra HHCY TaAa npe­
n03HaAH, KacHHje ra je HaIIIao jeAaH CAOBeHCKH KOH>aHHK
MeOY OHHMa KOjH cy ce 360r paHa 6HAH CKAOHHAH Y IIIYMY,
rAe cy Ae:lKaAH Ha 3eMlbH jep ce HHCY MOrAll MaKHYTH C
MeCTa. KaA je 6HO AOBeAeH npeA KPaJba CTecpaHa, KOjH je C
ApYrHMa CTajao Ty 6All3Y, CTecpaH My je peKao Aa ra je
npaBeAHH CYA 60:lKjH AOBeo AO Tora. Jep je OH 360r BeAHKe
OXOAOCTH H 6e3 HKaKBOr pa3Aora XTeo Aa 3aY3Me KpaJbeB­
CTBO Koje My HHnOIIITO HHje npHnaAaAO. Ha TO ByrapHH
HHIIITa He OAroBOPH, Beh 06paTH norAeA npeMa H>eMY, no­
AHrne npCT npeMa He6y H peqe: "HeKa ce HcnYHH BOlba
BO:lKHja." 113peKaB TO, H3AaxHe. BHAO je npeACKa3aHO IIpopot{aHcms
OBOM 6yrapcKoM u:apy Aa he YMpeTH y HOBOj 3eMlbH, IIITO 00 Cy06UHU
ce Ka:lKe Terra Nova (TepaHoBa), na je CTora OH BepoBao Aa MuxajJlQ
ByzapUHa.
he My ce TO AecHTH y TPHOBH, rpaAY Y ByrapcKoj, rAe je
6HAO CeAHIIITe 6yrapcKHX u:apeBa, na 6HO Beceo H
roTOBO y6eoeH H CHrypaH Aa Hehe yMpeTH Ha OBOM noxo­
AY. AAH npeACKa3aH>e HHje norpeIIIHAO, jep MeCTO Ha Koje
ce nOCAe 6HTKe 6HO nOBYKao 3BaAO ce HOBa 3eMlba. KpaJb
CTecpaH A03BOAll ByrapHMa Aa nOHecy H>erOBO TeAO y By­
rapcKY H caxpaHe ra rAe cy 06HqHO CaxpaH>HBaAH 6yrap­
CKe KpaJbeBe. TIoMeHYTH MHXajAo OCTaBH H3a ce6e jeAHor 259
CHHa no HMeHy illHIIIMaH, KOjH je BAaAaO y ByrapcKoj MuxajJlos CUH
3ajeAHo C MajKoM CBe AOK ra HHje npOTepao 6yrapcKH u:ap IlIuUlMaH.
MeKcaHAap, KaKO he 6HTH peqeHO Ha npHroAHoM MecTy.
OBa no6eAa CHAHO o6paAoBa PaIIIaHe, Koje je 6HO 3axBa­
THO BeAHKH CTpax Aa he HX ByrapH nOTqHHHTH. TIOIIITO cy,
AaKAe, CTBapH npOTeKAe Ha oBaj HaqHH, KPaJb CTecpaH,
CBeCTaH Aa je MHoro oCTapeo, H3 BeAllKe lby6aBH KOjy je
ocehao npeMa CBOMe CHHY, KOAllKO 360r rope nOMeHYTe
no6eAe, TOAHKO H IIITO My je y CBeMY 6HO BeOMa nocAymaH
H HaAa CBe ra nOIIIToBao, AaAe My y BAaCT o6e 3eTe C rpa­
AOBHMa H TBpoaBaMa Koje cy 6HA~ y lbHMa. O)I.Aa3ehH,
AaKAe, lberOB CHH CTecpaH Ha ynpaBy peqeHHX ABejy no­
KpajHHa, nOBeAe ca C060M H3 PaIIIKe MHOro MAaAe:lKH H
333
 ----,...-
HeKOAHKO 3AOHaMepHHX CaBeTHHKa. OBH ra AaHOHOnHO
IIOACTHIJ,axy Aa OAY3Me Kpa.lbeBCTBO H3 PyK}' OIJ,a, KOjH je
360r CTapOCTH 6HO HeCIIOC06aH 3a YIIpaBlbalbe, H Aa ce
CuH.uw.a 6pam .
cmecPaH.a TaKO 06e36eAH OA CBor 6paTa CHHHIne, Kora Je lberoB OTaIJ,
,l{yw.aH.a. HMao C ApyroM :>KeHOM. MaAa je OBO H3rAeAaAO OKPYTHO
lberoBoM CHHY, KOjH je 6HO BpAO 6Aare H YMHlbaTe HapaBH,
HIIaK je npHCTao Ha lbHXOBe HaroBope H OMyqHO Aa
H3BplIlH lIlTO cy My CaBeTOBaAH. nOlIlTO je, AaKAe, nOTajHo
caK}'mlO BOjCK}' y 06a,n;Be 3eTe H HSBPlIlHO H360p Haj60lbHx
TaMOlIllbHX paTHHKa, BOAenH C060M H KapaBHAa cflpaTHY­
Ta H 1)YPaIIIa I1AHjHna Kao cBoje C8BeTHHKe, OTnO"'le YCH­
lbeHH MaplIl nyT PalIlKe, y KOjoj ce HaAa3HO lberoB OTaIJ,.
Ma,n;a je 6HO ca3Hao TY CTBap 0 CHHY, Kpa.lb HnaK HHje
Morao Aa IIoBepyje. 3aTO ra je CHH, Ka,n; ra je 3aTeKao y
AOBY KOA TBpljaBe neTepH"'l ca HeKOAHKO CAYry, yxBaTHO
6e3 OTIIopa H 3aTO"'lHO Y TBpljaBH 3Be"'l8HY. To BeOMa HSHe­
HaAH lberOBor oIJ,a, jep HHKa,n;a HHje Morao HH IIOMHCAHTH
Ha HelIlTO CAH"'lHO. je, AaKAe, Kpa.lb TaKO 60paBHo Y
TaMHHIJ,H, IIoMeHYTH CaBeTHHIJ,H CTa,n;OlIle HarOBapaTH CH­
Ha Aa y6Hje OIJ,a. To cy "'lHHHAH H3 IIoA03pelba Aa ce He 6H
AOlIle IIpOBeAH aKO 6H cAyqajHo 6HO oCA060ljeH TaMHHIJ,e.
npHBOAeBlIlH ce CHH lbHXOBHM onaKHM caBeTHMa, nOCAa
CuH. 3aoaeu HeKe lbYAe cnpeMHe Aa H3BplIle TaKBO 3AoAeAo, Te ra OHH
KpOJba Ypow.a. b . ' ~ T 6
YAaBHlIle ycpeA HOHH y pe"'leHOJ TBp'JaBH. 0 elIle XHlbSAY
TpH CTOTHHe H TpHAeceT npBe roAHHe. HeKH Ka:>Ky Aa je,
260 Ka,n; cy AOlIlAH TH lbYAH Aa My 0AY3MY :>KHBOT, npOKAeo CH­
Ha H lberOBe IIOTOMKe. Ma,n;a ce OBO IIpOKAeTCTBO HHje HC­
nyHHAO Ha CHHY, naAO je HnaK Ha yHYKa YpOlIla, KOjH je
Hsry6HO Kpa.lbeBCTBO, KaKO neMO Y OBOj KlbH3H penH no­
CAe. f:beroBo TeAO 6H caxpalbeHo Y MaHaCTHpy CB. Cnaca
CKOlIlHe Y )J.e"'laHHMa KOjH je OH nOAHrao. HaKOH ABaAeceT
rOAHHa BAa,n;aBHHe, OCTaBH H3a ce6e ABa nOMeHYTa CHHa,'
CTeq,aHa ,lJ.yIIIaHa H CHHHlIlY, H HeKOAHKO KhepH.
)J.olje Ha BAaCT lberoB CHH CTeq,aH C HaAHMKOM )J.y­
KpOJbyje Cme- lIlaH. OH ce POAHO OA MajKe ByrapKe, ceCTpe Kpa.lba CBe­
cjJaH.,l{y w.aH.. . .
TOCAaBa, a KaA Je nO"'leo BAa,n;aTH HMao Je OKO ,llBa,n;eCeT ro-
AHHa. npeMAa je y MAa,n;OCTH HsrAeAao TYnorAaB H HHje
nOKaS80 HH HCTaH"'laH AYX HH BeAHK}' CIIoc06HOCT BAa­
Aalba, CAYlIlajynH HIIaK CTape H MYApe BeAHK8lIle Koje HHje
nylIlTao OA ce6e, nOCTao je BPAO MYAap BAa,n;ap H
ynpaBlbao je Kpa.lbeBCTBOM BeOMa pa36opHTO. CTora cy MY
6HAH BeOMa nOCAYlIlHH lberOBH BeAHKalIlH. Ii OH je lbHX
IIOlIlTOBao, aAH HnaK HHjeAHor OA lbHX HHje Ap:>KaO AYro
BpeMeHa Ha ynpaBH nOKpajHHa y Koje HX je IIOCTaBlbao,
Ben HX je "'leCTO npeMelIlTao C jeAHor MeCTa Ha APYro. BHO
i:bezoe je IIpeKpacHor HsrAeAa H TeAeCHO OAAH"'lHO rpaljeH: HMao je
me.necH.U onuc. lIlHpOKa paMeHa, CH8}KHe pYKe, H3pasHTa 6eApa, Tp6yx
ysyqeH, jaKe Hore, a CTac BHCOK, npaBHAaH H MY2KeBaH. Ii
334
Ma,n;a je BpeMeHOM OKKpynlbao H yrojHo ce, HnaK My TO
HHje CMeTaAO, jep ce HenpeCTaHO Be:>K6ao y CBHM BpcTaMa
OPY2Kja, Koje je BeOMa BOAeo. nOce6Ho ra je BeCeAHAO Aa CmecjJaH.
now.myje
HAe y AOB. BOAeo je H IJ,eHHO Cp"'laHe lbYAe KojHMa je AaBaO Cp1.UlH.e .lbyoe.
ynpaBy Ha,n; CBOjHM nOKpajHHaMa. nOpeA TOra, 6HO je BpAO
AocTojaHCTBeH H lIlHpoKorpYA. CTOra CBojHM ABopjaHH­
Ma "'leCTO AapOBao KOlbe, HOBaIJ" 3AaTHe H cpe6pHe onaca­
"'le, oAeny OA CBHAe H Hajq,HHHjer cyKHa; XTeo je Aa ce Aeno
06Aa"'le H Be:>K6ajy y OPY2Kjy. npHpeljHBao je TaKolje "'leCTO
BHTelIlKe TYpHHpe H nHjaHKe, o6AapyjynH OHe KOjH cy ce
HCTHIJ,aAH H Apyre no6eljHBaAH. 3aTO je Kpa.lbeBCTBO Pa­
lIlKa y lberoBo BpeMe 6HAO BpAO CAaBHO H npenyHo Ba.lba­
HHX lbYAH KOjH cy 60raTCTBoM npeBa3HAaSHAH lbYAe ApyrHx
Kpa.lbeBCTaB8, )J.p:>Kao je TaKolje CTporH peA Ha ABOPY H Y
CBOM Kpa.lbeBCTBY, y IJ,eHaMa H Aa:>K6HHaMa, He CTapajynH
ce OABHlIle Aa rOMHAa 6Aaro, jep je no npHpOAH, KaKO je Bejaw.e epAO
pe"'leHO, 6HO Aape}KlbHB. BHo je, ceM Tora, BpAO OASH BepH n060lKaH.
rp"'lKOra 06peAa, H nOAH3ao je IJ,pKBe H MaHacTHpe Aapy­ "'weeK.
jynH HM BeAHKe MHAOCTHlbe H AajynH BeAHKe AapOBe AO­
CTojaHcTBeHHIJ,HMa H cBelIlTeHHIJ,HMa KOjH cy y lbHMa ne­
BaAH CBeTe XHMHe. Y OBe MaHaCTHpe CnaAaAH cy H OHH Ha
CBeToj ropH y MaKeAoHHjH. )J.a,n;e 3a Be"'lHa BpeMeHa MOHa­
CHMa CB. MHXajAa JepYCaAHMCKOr AaHaK KOjH My )J.y6POB­
"'laHH nAanaxy sa CTOH. YnpaBO CTora 6elIle HaSBaH )J.y­ 261
lIlaH, AYlIleBaH "'lOBeK. Aeno ce OAHOCHO H npeMa AaTHHH­ 3aw.mo oo6u
UMe Oyw.aH..
Ma H OHHMa KOjH cy 6HAH pHMOKaTOAH"'lKe Bepe, 6es 06SH­
pa Ha TO lIlTO je jeAHoM Ha HaroBop cBoje :>KeHe PorosHe,
SBaHe H JeAeHa, onaKe :>KeHe Koja je MHoro MpseAa KaTO­
AHKe, AHlIlHO CBera SAaTa H cpe6pa H ApyrHX AparOIJ,e­
HOCTH AaTHHCKe IJ,pKBe H MaHaCTHpe y o6e 3ere. Ha TO ce Pu.M.CKU nana
TaAalIllbH nana BpAO paslbYTHo, Te MY je CTaBHO AO SHalba 3anpemu
IIpeKo CBOjHX nOCAaHHKa Koje je ABanyT y Ty CBPXY CAao KpOJby
Aa ne, aKO He nOBpaTH A06pa oAY3eTa nOMeHYTHM IJ,pKBa­ CmecjJaH.y.
Ma H MaHaCTHpHMa, IIoAHnH KpCTalIlKH paT npOTHB lbera KpOJb
H AonH ca CBHM xpHlIlnaHHMa Aa ra nOTpa:>KH y lberoBoM CmecjJaH.,
Kpa.lbeBCTBY. npeCTpalIlHBlIlH ce CTeq,aH 360r Tora, BpaTH npujame.lb
HM CBe y nOTnYHOCTH H nO"'le HX Aeno rAeAaTH. C )J.y6POB­ ,l{y6poo1.UlH.a,
nomepOu UM
"'laHHMa je YBeK :>KHBeO y npHjaTelbCTBY H nOTBpAHO HM je oap CmoH.a c
AapOBHHIJ,y KOjy HM 6aH CTjenaH 6ejalIle Aao sa CTOH H ma.M.Ow.It>UM
nelbelIlaIJ,. OBa nOAPyqja je HeMalba Tpa:>KHO sa ce6e s60r pmOM.
npaBa Koja je HMao y XYMY H Y BocaHcKoM Kpa.lbeBCTBY·
Ty nOTBpAY je HSAao npBeHCTBeHO Ha MOA6y KOTOpaHHHa
HHKOAe Byna, CBora IIpOToBeCTHjapa, Kojera cy )J.y6POB­
"'laHH s60r Tora YBPCTHAH Meljy CBOjy BAaCTeAY. rpa,n;)J.y­
6pOBHHK, KOjH ce y lberoBo BpeMe MHOro o6oraTHo, CTaAHO
ra je 06aCHnao AapOBHMa H nOCAaHCTBHMa. PalIlKO Kpa­
lbeBCTBO H rpaAOBH )J.aAMaIJ,Hje cTajaxy y lberOBO BpeMe
335
 I­
I
60lhe Hero HKMa paHHje, noce6Ho rpM ].1y6pOBHHK H Ko­
Tye/Ju npe- Tap. )KuBeo je TaKOoe y MHpy C 6yrapcKHM KpalheM AAeK­
mpne OpOjH£ caH,z:qJOM. 11 y aeroBo BpeMe TypnH ce HHCY yCYOHBaAH
nopQ3e od Kpa-
Jba CmecpWiQ . .n.OnH Ha aeroBe rpaHMne. lIITaBHIlle, MHoro cy nyTa 6MAlI
nOTy'ieHH o.n. IheroBMx BojcKoBooa, a HapO'-IHTO o.n. aerOBor
Y2JbeUlQ, BeAlIKaIlla YrlheIlle, KOjM je HenpeCTaHO .n.pLKaO npOTHB
n.ne.Muli KPQJba aHX rpaHMne MaKe.n.OHHje M POMaHMje (POMeje). )lpLKao je,
CmecpaHa.
ceM Tora, y CAYLK6 M H HeIllTO T y aKap ' Je. HaCTaHHO y
KOJe
TypliUH Me.J!eK 3eTH KO.n. )laaa. HHKHcpop rperopa nHIlle y VIr. KH:.M3H .n.a
ca ceUM caojUM je TypqMH MeAeK, npeIllaBIllH y xpMIllnaHcTBo C XHlha,oy M
JbydUMa npeo- neT CTOTHHa CBOjHX lhy.n.H, 6HO Y3eT y CAYLK6y Kpalha CTe­
opamu cey .
xpuw1'laHcmeo. cpaHa; 6MAO Je XHlha.ny KOaaHHKa M neT CTOTHHa neIllaKa.
na KaKO MH ce '-IHHH .n.a je Ben .n.OBOlhHO pe'-IeHO a BpAlI­
HaMa H nOXBMHHM oco6HHaMa OBor Kpalha, npeOHMO CM
.n.alhe .n.a BH.n.MMO IllTa je YPMMO Ha npoIllMpeIhy CBor
napCTBa. CTecpaH, .n.aKAe, Kao npBO, HacTojao je .n.a OCBOjM
.n.eAOBe POMaHHje, y '-IeMY HMje HMao MHOro TeIllKona. KaKO
je POMaHHja y npOIllAa BpeMeHa LKHBeAa .nyro y MHPY, 6MAa
262 je roTOBO 6e3 OPYLKja, a HMje MMMa HM paTHMKa KOjM 6M je
KpQJb CmecpaH MO:AlI 6paHMTM. CTora je 3a Kpa:'KO BpeMe 3arocno.n.~pMO
3ay3Jlte Hajee- HaJBenHM aeHMM .n.eAoM. 3ay3eo Je, HaMMe, CBe nOKpaJMHe
nu deo PUMa- H rpa.n.oBe KOjH cy joj npMnMMM CBe .n.O COAYHa, a no­
Huje (PUMeje). ce6HO BepHjy, Cepe3, OXPM.LI., KOCTYP, TpMKaAY, JaH:.MHY,
KaHMHY, BeorpM H ,a,pyra MeCTa CBe .n.o HerponoHTa. no­
IllTO HMje MOrao 3aY3eTM COAYH, rrYCTOIllMO je HenpeCTaHO
aeroBo no.n.pyy.je .n.a 6H ra 6ap Ha oBaj Ha'-IMH npHCMAHO Ha
nOKopHOCT. MHCAlIO je TaKooe .n.a OCBOjM CBy 3eMlhY .n.o
UapMrpMa, na 6H 6e3 cYMae OCTBapMO OBY CBOjy MHcao
3azocnodapu .n.a ra HHje CMpT CnpeqMAa. 3ay3eo je AA6aHHjy H 3aroc­
An5aHujUM U no.n.apHO CBHM .n.eAOBHMa EnHpa CBe .n.o ApTe, na ce HHKO
EnupUM. HMje YCYOMBao .n.a My ce cynpOTCTaBM HAlI .n.a ce o.n.MeTHe
o.n. aera. 3aTo 1340. ro.n.HHe, 3aHeCeH TOAMKMM no6e.n.aMa,"
O.LI.AY'-IH .n.a Y3Me TMTYAy napa. n03Ba, .n.aKAe, Ha ca60p na­
TpHjapxa, enHCKone, onaTe, CBeIllTeHMKe H npHOpMCne
CBora KpalheBCTBa H CBy BAaCTeAY M BeAMKaIlle cBoje 3eM­
lhe, Te y3 cy.n.eAOBaIhe JOIll TPHjy .ny6pOBa'-IKHX nOKAHCapa,
H TO 1)ypoa reTaA.LI.Hna, MapHHa ByHMna M CTjenaHa ry­
CmecpaH ce qeTHna, Koje cy My ].1y6pOB'-IaHH 6MAMnOCAaAH C MHOro
KpyHuca 3a .n.apOBa, y3 nYHo o.n.o6paBaae CBHjy, KpyHHca ce 3a napa.
/Japa.
I1Me Kpalha .n.o.n.eAlI CBOMe CHHY YpOIllY, MMa je y TO BpeMe
Uap CmecpaH 6HO BpAO MAM. YCTaHoBM HOBe CAYLK6e no yrAe.ny Ha .n.pyre
yeede Hose napeBe, HaHMe, CAYLK6y necapa, .n.ecnoTa, nexapHMKe M
dp:;K.aSHUttKe .n.pyre KojMMa cy ce CAYLKHAlI napeBM. 11 TaKO Y TOAMKOj
CllY:?KOe.
cpenH H BeAlIqaHCTBeHoj pacKOIllH MMCAHO je .n.a HHje.n.aH
BAMap Ha CBeTY HHje BenH HH MonHHjH o.n. aera. AAH My
y6p30 nOCTa jacHo KOAlIKO ce y TOMe Bapao. Jep npMMMB­
IllH M3BeIllTaj .n.a yrapcKH Kpalh !\y.n.OBHK cnpeMa BeAlIKY
336
BOjCKY .n.a y,a,apM Ha H,era, M OH caKynM IllTO je BUllIe MO-' 'J?upr:J(J) WT'(Ln."
rao lhy.n.CTBa M ynyTH ce npeMa ,a,a My ce o.llynpe. ;iWJooul<:
Ka,a,je, .n.aKAe, ,a,OIllao Ha 06aAY nOMeHYTe peKe, yTa60pH Ty :,(l[)rWlIJ
npomue lJ,opa
~mTaBy BOjCKY, .n.OK ce Ha ,a,pyroj 06MH yAoropHAa C"lf!(j:;aHu_
i\y,a,OBMKOBa BojcKa. DOlliTO je nap CTecpaH nruKll>ImO
OCMOTPHO ILerOBY BOjCKY H BM,lIeO Ll,a cy YrpM 6e30pojHHM r rap Cmelf}ail
MHOIllTBOM IllaTopa, qa,a,opa H HenperAe,a,HHM lbY,lICTBOM ce o6ec.>cpa­
6])1'-_
3anpeMHAM orpOMaH npOCTOp. H3ry6H IIOY3,a,albe y ce6e H
no"re ce 60jaTH 3a MCXO.n. OBor noxo,a,a. DocaBeTOBaBllIH ce,
,lIaKAe, ca CBOjHM BojcKoBooaMa, y3 IhHXOB npHCTaIIaK
HanYCTM nOMeHyTY 06MY H nOBY'-Ie ce ca CBOM BOjCKOM Y
CBojy 3eMlbY .n.06ap .n.aH xo.n.a, H3a je,a,He BeAUKe H BeOMa I11y.Ma
rYCTe llIyMe nyHe orpOMHor H .n.e6eAor .n.pBeoa. 3BaHe i\OM­ l1oMHuttQ,
HHna H Py,a,HMK. DoceKaBIllH H3BeCTaH 6poj cTa6aAa, no­
AOLKH HX npeKO nyTeBa KaKO YrpH He 6M MorAH npOOH ,a,a 263
ra Hana.n.HY, Te nOCTaBH MHOro Hapo.n.a ,lIa qyBa H 6paHH
npOAa3e. nOCAe Tora Kpalh i\y,a,OBHK H nap CTeepaH cno­
pa3YMHO O,lJ,AYLIHIlle .n.a ce caCTaHY Ha ,a,orOBOp C HeKOAH­
nHHOM CBOjMX lby.n.M Ha o.n.pe!-)eHOM MecTy, na lla TV AHqHO
pa3roBapajy 0 Me!-)yc06HMM cnopOBHMa. DpeMa TOMe, nap
je ,lIojaxao C He3HaTHHM 6pojeM BAaCTeAe Ha 06MY [{YHaBa.
a Kpalb ce yKpu,ao Ha je,lI.HY Aal)y H npHCTao y3 06aAY. aAH
ce HHje HCKpu,ao Ha KonHO. n03,a,paBMBIllH je,a,aH .n.pyrora,
nOqeAH cy.n.a pa3roBapajy, MH, KaKO ce HHCY MorAH CAO­
LKHTH, pa3HIllAH cy ceo nperOBope cy HaCT3.BHAH npeKO I10­
KAHcapa, aAM HH Ha oBaj HaqMH He ,a,obOlue ,lIO 6UAO Ka­
KBor 3aKlI'Y'-IKa. i\y,lIOBHK HaHMe, TpaLKHO Ol( napa .1ytlOEiIi/\ 1,
Cme(tJOH
qeTUpH CTBapH: npBO, ,lIa npHxBaTH KaTOAH'-IKY Bepy H Ipe20t'lapajy,
6y,ll.e nOKopaH PMMCKOj U,PKBH: .n.pyro, .n.a My yCTynH HCKa­
Ll,allIlhe 3eMlbe Kpalba CTecjJaHa, Koje LKeAeo npl'InojHTH
yrapcKoj KpyHH; Tpeoe, Il,a ra rrpM3Ha 3a CBora CTapellIHHY 11Y(JC6UX
3ampali\:U or)
H ,lI.a My 6y,a,e nOKopaH M BepaH; "reTBpTO, .n.a My ,a,a,a,e 3a Cm ""jx, II (!
Taoua CBora CHHa YpOIlla. AAH uap, nOHocaH KaKaB je OHO, tIC tru]Ji<
He XTel(e npMCTaTH HH Ha je,ll.aH o.n. THX 3axTeBa. CTora clnflapu
YrpH, npe6au,MBIllH ce ca CBOM BOjCKOM npeKO peKe, nyc­
ToweOM npe!-)OIlle "IHTaBY 3eMlhY PamaHa CBe ,lI.0 nOMeHyTe
myMe i\oMHHue H Pyl(IIHKa. Ho je.n.Hor ,a,aHa, nOIllTO YrpH
HHCY 6MAM ,lI.OBOlhHO onpe3HM H nOIllTO cy ce CyBHwe nOY3­
l(aBMH y BAaCTHTe CHare, u,ap CTecpaH nOCAa HeKe
HCTaKHYTe paTHHKe ,lI.a y.n.ape Ha je,ll.aH ,lI.eo BojcKe KOjH ce
6HO o.n.eAHO o.n. ,lI.pyrHx. OHH ra nOTYKY M 3anAeHe BHllIe O,ll.
500 Koaa H MHOro onpeMe, BAM MaAO lbY,ll.H 3apo6e. A Ka.n.
YrpM npHMeTMIlle ,a,a u,apeBH lby,ll.M H3Ha,a, CBera H,LW 3a
nAeHOM, MHOro CBOjMX KOIha npe.n.a,a,olIIe Ha '-IYBaFbe HeKHM
nacTHpMMa, a OHH ce caKpHllIe y je,a,HY IllYMy. HaMaMlbeHH
paImjHM nAeHOM, PalIlaHH ,lI.ol)olIIe y BeAHKOM 6pojy .n.a no­
Kyne nOMeHYTe KOIhe. Ka,a, cy TO Y'-IHHHAH H Beh 6HAH Ha
IIOBpaTKY Y Aorop, H3Hl)ollIe H3 3aCel(e, na He caMO
337
 Y2pU Bpame
lllTO cy HM 0,ny3eAH rrAeH, Ben cy MHore rroy6HjMH, Ha Be­
AHKy }KMOCT u.apa CTecpaHa, jep cy Ty H3rHHYAH MHorH
yue ca CBOM BOjCKOM Y BOCHY 6e3 HKaKBe rrperrpeKe H
PaUlaHUMa rrAeMHnH. TaKo ce YrpH OCBeTHlIIe 3a yBpe,n:e Koje cy HM
ucmOM MepoM.
CAOBeHH HaHeAH. ITocAe OBora, yrr03HaBlllH ,n:PCKOCT H
AYKaBCTBO Yrpa, u.apeBa BojcKa HHje ce YCYUHBMa H3HnH
264 y paBfIHu.y, Ben ce ,n:p}KaAa H3a IIIyMe. Ka,n: je KPan, Ay,n:o­
BHK BH,n:eo ,n:a y TaKBHM OKOAHOCTHMa Hene MonH HHlllTa
AydoBWC U32pa­ .
au Eeo2pad. y'lHHHTH, O,n:AyqH ,n:a ce ca CBOM BOJCKOM BpaTH y YrapcKY.
MeUYTHM, ,n:a CAOBeHH He 6H MorAH yrra,n:aTH y lherOBO
Kpan,eBCTBO, carpa,n:H Ha 06MH ,llyHaBa, ca palilKe CTpaHe,
Ha MeCTY r,n:e ce ,llyHaB crraja ca CaBOM, YTBpuelhe H Ha­
30Be ra Beorpa,n:, OCTaBHBlllH y lheMY rroca,ny o,n: MHoro
BojHHKa H je,n:Hor KaCTeAaHa. To 6ellle 1343. ro,n:HHe. )lBe
ro,n:HHe rrOCAe Tora ,n:oue jOlll je,n:HOM C orpOMHOM BOjCKOM
rrpOTHB u.apa, MH He yqHHH HHlllTa 3Ha'lajHO. Jep Ka,n: cy
lherOBH lby,n:H rrO'leAH y BeAHKOM 6pojy yMHpaTH 3601' rro­
KBapeHor Ba3,nyxa KOjH ce ,n:H3ao H3 6apYlllTHHa rrpeKo KO­
jHx cy npoAa3HAH, 6HO je rrpHcHlbeH ,n:a ce BpaTH y CBOjy
3eMlby. Y TO BpeMe pa360Aeo ce MAaUH 6paT Kpan,a Ay,n:o­
YMpe Aydo­
BHKa, CTecpaH, rra Ka,n: je CTHrao y YrapcKY, yMpO je o,n: Te
BUKofl6pam
CmeljJaH.
60AeCTH. Y rrOMeHYTO BpeMe ,n:p}Kao je BOCHY 6aH CTjerraH,
CHH KHe3a CTjerraHa, BpAO rraMeTaH 'lOBeK, KaKO neMo rro-
CAe Ka3aTH. ITOlllTO je OH rrOCTao rocrro,n:ap XYMcKe 06­
AaCTH, lherOBH lby,n:H cy HerrpecTaHo HapYIIIaBaAH rpaHHu.e
u.apa CTecpaHa, a HapO'lHTO cy rrpH'lHlhaBMH BeAHKY IIITe­
Ty y rrpe,n:eAHMa Tpe6Hlha, KOHaBMa, rau.Ka, Py,n:HHa H
,n:pyrnx MeCTa CBe ,n:o KOTopcKor 3MHBa. A KaKO je u.ap 6HO
3aY3eT oCBajalheM POMaHHje, HHje ce Morao cTapaTH OKO
0,n:6paHe rpaHHu.a BocHe H XYMa. AAH Ka,n: je KOHa'lHO 3a­
Y3eo BeAHKH ,n:eo POMaHHje H ycrrocTaBHo rroTrrYHH MHp y
THM cTpaHaMa, rrO'le MHCAHTH Ha oCBeTY 3a yBpe,n:e H
rrorp,n:e HaHeTe My o,n: CTpaHe pe'leHOr 6aHa CTjerraHa H
lJ.ap CmeljJClI~
HaopYJKa ce
lheroBHx rrO,n:AO}KHHKa. KpeHYBlllH Ha rryT C u.apHu.OM, ,n:oue
npomuB 6aHa
Ha rpaHHu.y BocHe, KO,n: peKe )lpHHe, C rre,n:eceT XHlba,n:a
EocHe.
KOlhaHHKa H TpH,n:eceT XIIlba,n:a rrelllaKa. Ka,n: je 0 TOMe 6HO
06aBelllTeH 6aH CTjerraH, rrpHrrpeMH H OH ,n:06py BOjCKY.
AAH YBH,n:eBlllH Ha Kpajy ,n:a Hene MonH o,n:oAeTH HerrpHja­
TelbcKoj BOjCU.H, rrOce'le MHoro BeAHKHX cTa6Ma rroMony
KOjHx 3aKp'lH rrpoAa3e, Te OCTa rroByqeH y lllYMaMa H rrAa­
HHHaMa Kao y HeKaKBHM TBpuaBaMa, 6paHenH C MHoro
lby,n:H CBe rrpOAa3e Kp03 Koje ce MorAO rrpo,n:peTH C BOjCKOM
Y BOCHY· 11 Tor rrYTa, C 063HPOM Ha rroMeHyre rrpe,ny3eTe
Mepe, Kao H Ha rrpOAa3e KOjH cy rro CBOjOj rrpHpo,n:H 6HAH
EocaHcKOc
6aHa u30ajy
YTBPUeHH, Crrpe'lHO 6H u.apeBHM lby,n:HMa YAa3aK y BOCHY
fbe20BU Jbyi}u.
,n:a cy My BeAHKalllH 6HAH BepHH H ,n:a HHCY 6HAH Y TajHoM 3aMOAe HeKa H3BOAH ,n:onH y lhHXOB rpa,n:, KOjH je }KeAeO ,n:a
,n:orOBOpy C u.apeM. CTora O,n:AyqH ,n:a ce rroByqe y rrAaHHHe
C MMHM 6pojeM CBOjHX lby,n:H, Koje je H ,n:an,e, HrraK, Melhao
KaKO ra HeKO o,n: lhHX He 6H H3,n:ao. ITpHMeTHBlllH TO, u.ap
338
r
CTa,n:e YHHIIITaBaTH H rrMHTH CBe, He lllTe,n:enH HH 6aHOBe
265
lJ.ap yoe y
,n:Bope. OBO y rrO'leTKY u.ap HHje XTeo pa,n:HTH, MH KacHHje EOCHY U naJlU
CBe npeo
yqHHH rro HarOBOpy cBoje cyrrpyre, }KeHe YHCTHHY crrpeMHe C060M.
Ha CBaKO 3AO. Bau.H ce jOIII Ha oCBajalhe YTBpuelha B060B­
u.a, y Koje ce 6HAa CKAOHHAa JeAHcaBeTa, je,n:HHHu.a KnH
6aHa CTjerraHa, Koja je Ta,n:a 6HAa ,n:eBoj'lHu.a, a KacHHje
}KeHa Ay,n:OBHKa, yrapcKor Kpan,a, H MajKa MapHje, }KeHe
u.apa )KHrMYH,n:a. ITOIIITO je, ,n:aKAe, CTecpaH BHIIIe ,n:aHa
Harra,n:ao pe'leHO YTBpuelhe 6e3 HKaKBa ycrrexa, o,nyCTa o,n:
Tor rro,nyxBaTa, Te rrO'le KpCTapHTH rro CBOj BOCHH CBe ,n:o
)loAMHa HAH ,llyMHa (.llyBHa). YAoropHBIIIH ce TY, rrOCAa ,n:eo
BojcKe ,n:a rrAeHH rrpeMa peKaMa UeTHHH, rrpeMa XpBaT­ 3ay3Me
CKOj, a OH C OCTMHM ,n:eAOM BojcKe CKpeHY rrpeMa XYMY. mBpoaBe
3aY3eBIIIH l1MOTCKH H HOBH, OCTaBH y lhHMa ,n:06py rroca,ny HMomcKU U
HOBu.
CBOjHX lby,n:H. Y TO BpeMe rrpHcTyrrHAa cy K lheMY MHora
60caHCKa H XYMCKa BAaCTeAa rrpH3HaBajynH ce lherOBHM
rro,n:aHHu.HMa. ITOTOM cy MHorH o,n: lhHX OTHIIIAH C lhHM Y
PaIIIKY, a rroce6Ho BorHIIIa H BAa,n:HcAaB HHKOAHn, cec­
TpHnH 6aHa CTjerraHa H CHHOBH lherOBe cecTpe KaTapHHe
(KaTMeHe), KOjH cy 6HAH H3 po,n:a XYMcKora KHe3a AH,n:PH­
je, 0 KojeMy je Ben 6HAO pe'lH, a 6Hne jOIII H KacHHje, Te,
rrpeMa TOMe, pouau.H u.apa CTecpaHa. OHH ,n:OHeIIIe je,n:HY
TaKEY O,n:AYKY, jep cy 'lBPCTO BepOBMH ,n:a ne lDHMa yCTy­
rrHTH XYMCKY 06AaCT Kao lhHXOBY 6aIIITHHY Koja HM je rro
rrpaBy rrpHrra,n:Ma, MH Ha Kpajy HHCY HMMH HHKaKBe
KOPHCTH, jep cy 6HAH lby,n:H 6e3 HKaKEe Bpe,n:HOCTH. )lOK je
u.ap 60paBHO y BOCHH, MAeTa'lKa BAa,n:a H ,lly6pOB'laHH
Py6pOB4.aHU
yrryTHIIIe My CBe'laHe rrOKAHCape ,n:a rrperoBapajy C lhHM H Hacmoje
H3rAa,n:e crropOBe H3MeUY lhera H 6aHa CTjerraHa, MH HHCY nOMupumu
MorAH HHIIITa rrOCTHnH, jep je u.ap XTeo ,n:a 6aH ,n:a,n:e CBOjy lJapa U 6aHa.
< Knep JeAHCaBery 3a }KeHY lherOBOM CHHY KPan,y YpOIIIY H
,n:a y MHpa3 ,n:OHece XYMCKY o 6AaCT , Kao HeIIITO IIITO rrpH­
rra,n:aIIIe caMOM u.apy rrpeKO HeMalhe H lheroBe 6pane, pa­
HHjHX rocrro,n:apa XYMa, o,n: KOjHX je caM u.ap ByKao A03y.
Ho pe'leHH 6aH, Ha,n:ajynH ce ,n:a je MO}Ke 60lbe y,n:aTH (KaKo
ce KacHHje H 36HAO), HHje HHrrOIIITO XTeo rrpHcTaTH ,n:a My
,n:a,n:e HH XYMCKY 06AaCT, a HH Khep H 6e3XYMa. Jep ,n:a je
XTeo ,n:aTH caMO Knep, 6HO 6H CKAOrrlbeH MHP, a KaKO TO
266
HHje YCAe,n:HAO, OBa ,n:Ba BAa,n:apa }KHBeAa cy HerrpeCTaHO y
pa3,n:opy. Ka,n: je u.ap CTecpaH HaMepaBao ,n:a ce BpaTH y EUUlne, no­
PaIIIKY H rrpOAa3HO rrpeKO XYMa, CTHrao je ,n:o BHIIIna, JbaHa u3MeOY
je,n:Hor BeAHKor rrOlba H3MeUY BAaraja H MOCTapa. Ty je EJl.Q2aja U
Mocmapa.
3aTeKao ,ny6pOBa'lKe rrOKAHCape KOjH cy ,n:OIIIAH ,n:a ra
ra yrocTH H rrO'laCTH. Uap ce y rrO'leTKY MMO orrHpao, MH
je Ha Kpajy rrpHCTao, rrOIIITO je H3Heo CTBap rrpe,n: cBoje
Bene H rrOIIITO cy My CBH lherOBH HajrrpHcHHjH caBeTHHu.H,
339
 --,..--­
T JtaBHOc PU3­a noce6Ho HHKOAa 6yna, KOTOPCKH BAaCTeAHH H rrpHjaTelb
HULlapa 3Baxy LI.y6pOB'IaHa, a aerOB rrpOToBecTHjap, Ka3HBaAH .n;a CAO­
U npomoMaj­ 60.n;HO H 6e3 HKaKBa cTpaxa rrol)e y ,lly6POBHHK, jep ne My
cmopa.
6HTH BpAO rrpHjaTHO. OTrrYCTHBUlH, .n;aKAe, BOjCKY, l..I,ap H
l..I,apHI..I,a ca TpH CTOTHHe lby.n;H, Mel)y KojHMa je 6HO HajBenH
Ll,ap CmecjJw-L .n;eo BeAHKaUla II BAaCTeAe aerOBa KpalbeBCTBa, rrpel)oUle
ooue Y rrpeKO KOHaBaAa .n;o UaBTaTa. Ty cy ce YKpl..l,aAlI Ha raAlIje
Jl,y6poBHUK.
KojlIMa cy 3arrOBe)IaAH JyHlfje (DoHo) COpKO'-leBlIn II DlIBO
MeH'IeTlItl, a Koje cy,lly6poB'-IaHlI rrOCAaAlI .n;a lIX rrpHXBa­
Te. Ha THM raAHjaMa cy .n;orrAOBlIAlI y ,lly6POBHlIK, r.n;e je
l..I,ap 61I0 rrpHMlbeH C BeAlIKlIM rrO'-laCTHMa II CMeUlTeH y
KHe)KeB .n;BOp. UaplIl..I,a II .n;pyrH H3 aerOBe rrpaTae 61IAlI cy
CMeUlTeHlI TaKol)e y y.n;06He CTaHOBe II CBpaTlIUlTa. 3aJIP­
)KaBUllI ce OB.n;e rryHa TplI .n;aHa Ha BeceAHM 3a6aBaMa,
rrAeCOBHMa II CBe'-laHOCTHMa, 61I0 je C l..I,aplIl..I,OM, BeAlIKa­
ToduHe 1350.
UllIMa H .n;pyroM BAaCTeAOM rrO'-laUlneH II KpalbeBCKH .n;a­
oy6poBaLlKe
caJtuje npeBe3Y plIBaH cKyrrOl..l,eHHM CBlIAeHlIM H CYKHeHHM TKaHHHaMa.
ca y Komop. 3aTlIM je Ha HCTHM raAHjaMa rrpeBe3eH y CBOj rpa.n; KOTOP,
r.n;e je TaKol)e rrpHMlbeH C MHoro rrO'-laCTlI. TIocAe ce 1I3 Ko-
HUKOJta Eyna
TOpa, rrpeKO 3eTe, BpaTHO y PaIIlKY. UapeB .n;OAa3aK y
U3a=aHUK
lj,apa CmecjJa­ LI.y6pOBHlIK 6HO je xHlba.n:y TpH CTOTHHe H rre.n;eCeTe ro­
Ha Ha OBOPY .n;HHe. A cAe.n;ehe ro.n;HHe rrOCAa y <t:>paHI..I,yCKY rrOMeHYTor
cjJpaHlj,ycKoc HHKOAY Eyhy, CBora rrpOToBecTHjapa, .n;a 3arrpOCH Khep
KPaJba.
Tora Kpalba 3a MeHY CBOMe CHHY YpOIIly. <t:>paHI..I,y3 My,
MeI)YTHM, o.n;rOBopH .n;a 6H TO BHIIle Hero pa.n;o yqHHHO Ka.n;
6H OH, CTecpaH, H aerOB CHH 6HAH pHMCKor 06pe.n;a. TaMO
00 cjJpaH- ce rrOKAHCap Byna, '-IOBeK YHCTHHY cjajaH H rro Bpe.n;HOCTH
lj,YCKOc KPaJba H rro CBHM BpAHHaMa Koje je rroce.n;OBao, TOAHKO .n;orra.n;e
npUMU3Ha­
•~{eH>e .lbUlbaHa. cppaHI.J.YcKoM Kpalby y OBOM rrOCAaHCTBY, Te My oBaj
BpCHlI 3arrOBe.n;HlIK KOjlI je jOIIl Kao .n;eTe 61I0 )KelbaH CAaBe .
rrOKAOHH je.n;mr lbHlbaH .n;a ra rrOCTaBH y CBOj rp6. 3aTO o.n;
!beroB .n:yx je LKY.n;lIO II Te)KlIO Ka Y3BlIIIleHlIM II '-IaCHHM
267 OHor BpeMeH~ rp6 Eyna KpaCH lbHlbaH Ha.n; rrOrrpe'-lHHI..I,OM,
rro.n:yxBaTHMa. AlllI .n;OK ce HaAa31I0 y 1)aBoAorrOTlI, y POMa­
.n;OK cy paHHJe HMaAH 6YH.n;eBY C rrOra'-lOM. Ka.n; ce, .n;aKAe;
HlIjlI, Harra.n;e ra rp03HlII..I,a Koje ce HlIje Morao OCA060.n;HTH
CmecjJaHoB CUH Eyna BpaTHO KYhH H H3AO)KHO CBOM rocrro.n;apy KaKO cy
yrrpKoc CBlIM Ae'-lealIMa Koja je 61I0 rrpe.n:y3eo. 11 TaKO 1354. coouHe.
YpOUl OJICeHU TeKAH rrperOBopH C <t:>paHI..I,y30M, CTecpaH ce Hapyra o.n;ro­
1354. ro.n;HHe, y .n;06a o.n; 45 ro.n;lIHa, rrpeceAlI ce y 60lbH
ce BJtaXUH>OM BOPY cppaHI..I,yCKOr KPalba, Te 3arrpOCH Knep BAaIIlKOr KHe3a
)KlIBOT. !beroBo TeAO 61I rrpeHeceHo C Tora MeCTa C
JeJ[eHoM. J . .
rro HMeHY eAeHa, KOJY My OBaJ O.n;Max .n;a.n;e.
TI
OCAe TOra
6al..l,H ce Ha oCBajaae POMaHHje (POMeje). KOAHKO je cjajHHx
rrO.n:yXBaTa H3BpIIlHO II '-IaCHHX rr06e.n;a O.n;HeO y THM H MHO­
rHM .n;pyrHM MeCTHMa, KpaTKO rrpHrrOBe.n;a i\aoHHK XaAKO­
KOH.n;HA y II. KaH3H lOBopenH: 'Tpa.n; CKorrlbe 6HO je Kpa-
CK01Vbe, npe-
CmOHUlj,a lj,apa lbeBCKO ce.n;HIIlTe CTecpaHa HeMaae. KpeHYBIIlH o.n;aTAe, y
CmecjJaHa. rrpaTaH O.n;B3)KHHX H paTY BH'-IHHX lby.n;H, C jaKoM BOjCKOM
yl)e y MeCTa 6AH3Y KocTypa H 3arOCrrO.n;apH CBHMa. TIO.n;H­
raBIIlH 3aTHM BOjCKY rrpOTHB MaKe.n;OHHje, rrOKOpH CBe CeM
COAYHa, Te rrpel)e .n;o peKe CaBe. TIOIIlTO ce xpa6po 60PHO
OKO ,llyHaBa, 3aY3eo je '-IHTaBY OHY rroKpajHHY. TIocAe, rro­
cTaBlbajynH Ha yrrpaBy CBOjHX 3eMalba y EBporrH lby.n;e Koje
je rr03HaBao Kao BeOMa BepHe, ycrre ce .n;o BeAHKe MonH.
340
Harrao je H rpKe .n;a 61I CPYUllIO alIXOBO l..I,apCTBO. YUlaBUlH
C KOaHI..I,OM y MeCTa 6AH3Y UapHrpa.n;a, rrOTIIYHO lIX orryc­
TOUlH. rpI..I,H cy ce CTora 61IAlI MHoro rrpeCTpaIIIHAH H 60­
jaAlI cy ce rroTrrYHe rrporraCTH, jep cy BlI)IeAH .n;a HM je l..I,ap­
CTBO y Kpajaoj orraCHOCTH 360r He6plIre II Hecrroc06HoCTlI
l..I,apa AH.n;poHHKa CTaplIjer, KOjH je 6HO orpe3ao y CBOM He­
ype.n;HOM )KlIBOTY. MeI)YTHM, fllICY BH.n;eAH MorynHocT .n;a
My ce BOjHH'-IKH o.n:yrrpy HAll cyrrpoTcTaBe, na CV CBY CBOjy
Ha.n:y II crrac rrOAaraAH y 0.n;6paHY rpa,ll,CKlIX 31I):J;HHa. Kpe­ HaM.eCHUlj,U y
HyBUlH 3aTlIM rryT EToAlIje, rrpH.n;pY)KH CBOM l..I,apcTBy Joa­ CmecjJaHoBUM
HlIjy HAH JoaHlIHy, rpa.n; KojlI ce paHHje 3BaIIle KaCHorra. TlOKpajuHaMa.
)KapKo.
MaKe.n;OHHjy Koja ce rpaHlI'-IlIAa C peKOM Bap.n;apo:vr rrpe­ EocOaH .
.n;aJIe Ha yrrpaBy )KapKY, '-IOBeKY XBalbeHOM 360r .n;06pOTe, KpaJtec U
Kojera je l..I,ap HajBlIllie l..I,eHHO. OHaj .n;eo 3eMlbe KOjlI ce YC.lbeUla.
rrpOCTlIpe o.n; <t:>epe .n;o peKe Ba~.n;a pa .n;a.n;e Eor.n;aHY, '-10­ nOD KpaJtecoM
ce nOapa3y­
BeKY rrpaBlI'-IHOM II BeOMa BeUiTOM y paTHlIM rrOCAOBlIMa.
MeBa KPaJb
Kpaj KOjlI ce rrpocTlIpe o.n; <t:>epe .n;o peKe ,llyHaBa YCTyIllI BYKaUluH.
6panlI KpaAecy H YrlbeullI, o.n; KOjlIX KpaAec 6eIIle aerOB BYJI.KO.
rrexapHlIK, a YrlbeIIla lAaBHlI KoayIIlap. TIpe.n;eo y3 ,llyHaB )KynaH
HUKOJ[a.
.n;aJIe Ha YrrpaBY BYAKY, CHHY EpaHKoBY. TPlIKaAY II Koc­ npe.lby6.
Typ .n;06HO je LKYrraH HHKoAa, a ETOAHjy TIpelbyo. OXPH.n; C nJ[aOUKa.
KpajeM 3BaHHM TIplIAlIc6ea .n;a.n;e Ha yrrpaBy BAacTeAHHY 268
TIAa.n;lIKlI. OBe, .n;aKAe, Koje CMO HaBeAlI rrOCTaBHO je KpalI>
CTecpaH Ha yrrpaBy eBporrCKHX rroKpajHHa. Ka.n; je OH yrvipo.
CBaKH o.n; aHX 3a.n;p)Ka 3a ce6e OHe nOKpajHHe KOJe "V My
61IAe .n;aTe Ha yrrpaBY." To je OHO IIlTO je i\aoHHK [llICaO 0
l..I,apy CTecpaHY HeMaalI KOjlI je 6HO (KClKO KaLKY ayTopH
KOjH ra rroMIl ay) Haj60lbH BOjHHK CBora BpeMeHa II 1I3­
CMpmlj,apa
CmecjJaHa
BeAlIKHM rrorpe6HlIM cjajeM y MaHacTlIp CB. ApaHl)eAa KO.n;
TIp1I3peHa KOjlI je caM ca31I.n;ao. BAa.n;ao je Kao Kpalb H l..I,ap
YCBe .n;Ba.n;eceT II rreT ro.n;lIHa. HeKlI BeAe .n;a ra je CMpT 3a­
TeKAa .n;OK ce HaAa31I0 y Hepo.n;lIMlby. TIPBlI aerOBlI caBeT­
HlIl..I,lI 6exy: rperopHje necap H BojlIxHa necap, EpajKo,
PaocaB, EpaHKO PaClICalblIn, TOMa H aerOB 6paT BojHcAaB
BojHoBHn, MlIAOIIl II aerOB 6paT PaocaB i\e.n;eHHn, KHe3
EpaTKO, 06pa.n; '-IeAHlIK, BYKaIIllIH '-IeAHlIK H aerOB 6paT
YrlbeIIla, EpaHKO MAa.n;lIjeHoBlIn II BojBo.n;a MHpKO. OBH cy
rOTOBO YBeK cTajaAH y3 pe'-leHOr l..I,apa, KOjH je HMao ca
)KeHOM je.n;Hor je.n;lIHor ClIHa, rrOMeHYTor YpOIIla. KaJI je
YpOIIl HaCAe.n;lIO Ol..l,a y l..I,apcTBy, II caM ce Ha30Be l..I,apeM, Ll,ap YpOUl.
rrplI '-IeMY HlIje HaHIIlao HH Ha KaKaB OTrrop KO.n; KHe30Ba
341
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H )J.pyrHx BeAMO:»<a CBOra KPaIheBCTBa. BHO je, HaHMe, 3eMIhY KOjy je ,n:p:»<ao lberoB CTpHU. KHe3 BojHcAaB. KOjH je HUXO.llCA
rrpeKpaCHOr H3rAe)J.a H O)J. lberOBa BAa)J.aIf:.a Ha)J.axy ce HeIllTO rrpe Tora 6HO yMpO. 6H 60Ihe oCHrypao CBOj ,1.IfmOi\.1.0HORUn
rrOAo:»<aj, OH 6au.H y TaMHHu.y :»<eHY HCTor KHe3a BojHcAaBa ompyje coojy
CBaKOM )J.06py. H Ma)J.a HMaO je)J.Ba )J.Ba)J.eCeT ro)J.HHa, Y
6pony 00
rrO'leTKY je HrraK rrOKa3HBaO BeAHKY pa360pHTOCT H rraMeT C ,n:Ba cHHa, KOjH cy My 6HAH 6pana o,n: CTpHU.a, Te H3pe)J.H cmpuljQ,
y CBHM CBOjHM )J.eAHMa, aAH TOKOM BpeMeHa rrOKa3a )J.a He ,n:a ce oTpyjy. H.n:ynH lbHXOBHM CTOrraMa, BaAIllHHH CHHO­
Bpe)J.H MHoro. YrrpaBO 360r cBoje OrpaHHqeHOCTH H3ry6HO BH, CTpaU.HMHP, 1)ypan H BaAIlla, 3eTCKa BAaCTeA3, 3AH 11.ecap Bo­
CHpOMaIllHa, 3aY3eIlle 06e 3eTe. A necap BojHxHa ca CBO­ JUX/IO 30Y3.Me
je U.aPCTBO, KaKO neMo oB)J.e YCKOPO H3AO:»<HTH.
po.MaHl,ljcICY
Y TO BpeMe HeKH BeAHKaIllH PaIllKe, KopHCTenH CMpT jHM 3eTOM YrIheIlloM 3arocrro)J.apH qHTaBHM KpajeM H3 (poMejclCy)
XYMCICU
TlJte.Munl1 u.apa CTecpaHa, HacTojaAH cy )J.a rrOCTaHY BenH Hero IllTO rpaHHu.H POMaHHje. H CBe cy TO pa,n:HAH Kao ,n:a HM je Il,ap cpmt11lJ,y.
BYlCowwt 11 cy 6HAH. Meny lbHMa je 6HO )J.ecrrOT BYKaIllHH H lberOB Hape,n:HO, a y CTBapH Pa)J.HAH cy Ha pyKy. Ha Taj Ha­ 270
Y"Jbel1.H].. 6paT YrIheIlla, KOjH cy 6HAH XYMCKa BAaCTeAa, H KHe3 Bo­ qHH 3a Malbe o,n: ,n:eceT ro,n:HHa qHTaBO PaIllKO KpaIheBCTBO
269 jHcAaB, CHH BOjHOB, o,n: KOjHX je CBaKO 6HO Ha yrrpaBH 6eIlle rro,n:eIheHO H3Meny 'IeTHpH rope peqeHa BeAUKaIlla H I1puWml,lHO,
HajBa»<HHjHX 3eMaIha KpaIheBCTBa. CTora cy HeKH YpOIlle­ CBaKO HM je, JOIll 3a :»<HBOTa u.apeBa, 61'10 rroKopaH H rrpu­ npeCmOHUl!,O
BH Ihy,n:H KOjH cy My 6HAH BeOMa BepHH caBeTOBaAH u.apy 3HaBao HX 3a cBoje rocrro)J.ape. o,n:pe,n:HO XpOJbC1
I1PHIllTHHY Kao rrpeCToHH rpa)J. H ,n:p:»<ao CBY OKOAHY 3e­ BYlCawuHo.
,n:a 3aTBopH y TaMHHu.y ,n:ecrrOTa BYKaIllHHa, H KHe3a Bo­
jHcAaBa H HeKe ,n:pyre KOjH cy Y CBHM CBOjHM ,n:eAHMa rrOKa­ MIhy. A lberoB 6paT YrIheIlla ,n:p:»<ao CBY POMaHHjy (PoMe­ Mecma noo
3HBaAH BeAHKY OXOAOCT H 6HAH rrpeKO Mepe rrOHOCHTH. TH ,n:o COAYHa, H Bepujy H )J.pyre rpa)J.oBe. BaAIllHnH rOPlby 8.!lawny
Ihy,n:H cy TaKone rro,n:CTHu.aAH u.apa ,n:a lbHXOBe rroKpajHHe U ,llO.fDY 3eTY ,n:o AA6aHHje, Te o,n: rpaHHu.a BocHe H CpeMa Y2Jbewe U
,n:o KOTopa. Aa3ap, naK, ca CBOjUM 3eTOM ByKOM BpaHKO­ EaJ1.we.
rrpe)J.a Ha yrrpaBy CHpoMaIllHoj BAaCTeAH Koja ra je BOAeAa
BYICEpaH­
H 6HAa My BepHa, ,n:OKa3yjynH My HcrrpaBHO ,n:a aKO TO He BHneM HMao je 3eMIhY Kpalha CTecpaHa H CBe OHO IllTO ce lCoeuh,3em
yqHHH Ha rrOqeTKY, ,n:OK rrOMeHYTH, He CYMlbajynH HHMaAO rpaHWIHAO C ,llyHaBOM. )KHBOT H Kpaj KOjH cy ,n:OqeKaAa Klie3a ila3apa,
y lbera, CA060,n:HO ,n:OAa3e Ha )J.BOP, Ka,n: ce OHH 6y­ OBa qeTBopHu.a BeAHKaIlla rrpHnOBe,n:aneMO MaAO rrOCAe.
.n:y yqBpCTHAH H Ka,n: rrOCTaHY jaKH, Hene MonH TO H3BPIllH­ H3a CMpTH Kpalha YpOIlla CAerror 6HAa cy OCTaAa ,n:Ba CH­
Ypow He
TH 6e3 BeAHKHX TeIllKona H orraCHOCTH. MenyTHM, YpOIll He Ha, je,n:aH (KaKO peKOCMO) CTecpaH ,llymaH, KOjH ,n:ou.HHje
npUMO ooope
coeeme. caMO ,n:a HHje XTeO CAYIllaTH OBe caBeTe Hero HX je OTKPHO, Y3e THTyAy u.apa, ,n:pyTH CHHHIlla, KojeMY je lberOB 6paT
H THMe yrr030pHO Te Ihy,n:e ,n:a ce ,n:06po rra3e, rra cy OHH CTecpaH, C je,n:He CTpaHe, 360r BeAHKe Ihy6aBH KOjy je rajHo
peTKO ,n:OAa3HAH Ha ,n:BOp. 3aTo OHH KOjH cy ,n:aBaAH ,n:06pe npeMa lbeMY, C ,n:pyre CTpaHe, rrOIllTO je BH,n:eo ,n:a ra je Ibe­
caBeTe YpOIllY, BH,n:enH )J.a cy oTKpHBeHH, y6y.n:yne ce OKa­ rOBa :»<eHa HaCTojaAa OTpOBaTH, 6uo ,n:ao Kao ,n:eqaKY
HHIlle Tora ,n:a He 6H HaBYKAH Ha ce6e 3AOBOIhY H Mp:»<lbY rpa,n: JalbHHY y POMaHHjH (PoMejH) ca CBHM no,n:pyqjeM CBe
BeAHKaIlla. lliTaBHIlle, u.ap, Kao )J.a My HH TO HHje 6HAO )J.O- ,n:o ApTe, Kao H MHore ,n:pyre TBpnaBe H rpa)J.oBe y THM npe­
BOIhHO, Y3,n:H3ao je orrTy»<eHe Ha JOIll Bene qaCTH H ,n:eAHMa. CTecpaH ra je y3 TO 6HO yn030pHO ,n:a BO,n:H 6pHry 0
jJooe.llU CuHwua,
rrOAo:»<aje. I1pHrrojHBIllH, HaHMe, ,n:ecrrOTY BYKaIllHHY MHore< CBOMe :»<HBOTY, a noce6HO )J.a ce rra3H U.apHqHHHX 3aMKH. 6paml!,apa
ICpOJbeeCKY
mumy.lly rroKpajHHe, ,n:a)J.e My TaKone THTyAy KpaIha. THM rrOBo,n:OM ,n:aKAe, CHHHIlla BH,neO )J.a CBH BeAHKaIllH 3aY3H­ CmecjJaHa,
ByICOWI1Hy. BYKaIllHH rroqe yrlbeTaBaTH MHore AHqHOCTH Tora KpaIheB­ Majy no,n:pyqja nOMeHYTor .fDCrOBOr 6paTa, caKYrrHBIllH H nOlCywa
CTBa, HCTyrrajynH Kao ,n:a TO qHHH rro yrryTcTBy u.apa H pa­ caM HeIllTO BojcKe, KOjy cy Ca'lHI:DaB3AH H n~.IV<:lna.,",Yl :~ay:~eml,l

KpOJbCeCmeo,

)J.H yqBpIllnelba lberoBa u.apCTBa. JOIll je Ha BenH rrOAo:»<aj
Ocmoeu npey Y3)J.Hrao KHe3a BojHcAaBa BojHoBa Ka,n: je Y3eo je,n:HY lbe­
roBY Knep 3a :»<eHY, a OTrrYCTHO rrpBy :»<eHY, BAaIllKor
BAajKa. Ma)J.a je ropKO oceTHAa OBY HerrpaB.n:y, He
:»<eAenH ,n:a HerrpeCTaHO HMa rrpe,n: O'lHMa cyrrapHHu.y,
OHa cBojeBoIhHo HarrYCTH ,n:BOP H BpaTH ce y )J.OM CBora
C lbOM Y 3eTY H rrOqe )J.a Hana)J.a CKa)J.apCKY TBpnaBY·
Morao HHIllTa rrOCTHnH, 6HAO IllTO je peqeHa
~P<J~~~ 6HAa no npHpo,n:H TeIllKO OCBojHBa, a y3 TO 6pa­
lbeHa o,n: )J.06PHX paTHHKa, 6HAO IllTO ra HHje,n:aH 3eTCKH H
paIllKH BeAHKaIll, BfI,n:enH ra OHaKO ja)J.Ha H HeBOIhHa, HHje
XTeo CAe)J.HTIf. CTora ce BpaTlIO KYnH H MaAO rrOCAe Tora CUHUWUHU

ou.a. 360r Tora je 6HO BeAHKH MeTe:»< y KpaIheB- yMpO, OCTaBIhajynH ,n:Ba CHHa H je,n:HY Knep. CHHOBH ce CWlO8U jJylCa

U CmecjJali.

CTBy. HaHMe, CBaKO o,n: BAaCTeAe rrO'le H TPy­ 3Baxy ,llyKa H CTecpaH, a KnH AHneAlma. ,llyKa )J.OIllaB­
KHe3i1a3ap
,n:HTH ce ,n:a ce ,n:O'lerra BenHX rroAo:»<aja H rrpe.n:y3HMaTH CBe nIH y ,n:06a ,n:a Mo:»<e pYKOBaTH opy»<jeM, y CBHM no.n:yXBa­ Cecmpa

npuceoju
Ypoweey KaKO ce He 6H rrOKopHO ce6H paBHHMa. Meny OBHMa 6HO THMa nOKa3HBao BeAHKe ycnexe, a Ha,n:a CBe je 6HO qeCTHT lbUX08Q

3eMlbY HO rrpBH KHe3 Aa3ap, KOjH je rrpHcBojHO CBY 3eMIhY Ha rpaHH­ 'IOBeK. XAaneH, KOjH je 6HO MonHH BeAHKaIll y rpqKoj, ,n:ao AHQe.lI11HQ,

i?pO/iUl!,U C u.aMa YrapCKe Koja ce 3BaAa, KaKO je pe'leHO, 3eMIha Kpa­ My je 3a :»<eHY je,n:HY CBOjy Knep, aA.H Ka)J. BH,n:eo,n:a ra
Yi?OPCICOM.
Iha CTecpaHa. HCTO TaKO HHKoAa AATOMaHOBHn 3aY3eo je CBH BOAe, noqe CMHIllIhaTH ,n:a ra Ha HeKH HaqHH YKAOHH C
342 343
 ..,....-­

rryTa, Jep ce 60jao )],a MY, aKO nOCTaHe rocno)],ap ParnKe
IKaKo je 6HAO onlilTe MHllllbelhe), He O,lJ,y3Me H3 PYKY OHO
lllTO HMao. KaA ce ,llyKa Tora .ll.OCeTHO, noqe ry6uTH
nOBepelhe Y TaCTa H u36eraBao cBaKY npuAuKY )],a My He
271 )J,ona.ll.He lllaKa. AAH ManeH (KOjH je 6HO AYKaB qOBeK)
npeBapH ra CAY)KenH ce HeKHM TaMOllIlhHM enHCKorrHMa H
MOHaCHMa KojHMa ce 3aKAeO .ll.a ,llyKH Hene HaHeTH HHKa­
Jl.yr,:y OCJlenH KBO 3AO. fbHXOBHM rrOCpe.ll.CTBOM .ll.OBe.ll.e ra Y KOCTYP, r.ll.e
/"e20B rnacm ra Ha Bepy YXBaTH, HCKorra My oqH, rra ra rrOCAa Y OHe Kpa-
XilaneH, jeBe BAalliKe KOjH cy rrpeMa MopejH H UPHOMOpjy, Y KOjH­
IPpaHll.eCKO, Ma je 60paBHo lherOB 6paT CTe¢aH. KaA CTe¢aH o.ll.pa­
2ocnooap "­ .
Mecape. CTao H pa3BHo ce y npeAerror MAa.ll.Uua, Y3eo Je :m )KeHY
Knep cPpaHqeCKa, rocrro.ll.apa Mecape H MHorux .ll.PyrHx
rpa)],oBa H MeCTa Koja cy 6HAa C OHe cTpaHe y POMaHHjH,
0)], UpHor Mopa .ll.0 06aAe. A AHoeAHHY, rrOlliTO ce pa3BHAa
AHl)e.nUHa ce
Y lbynKY .ll.eBojKY, Y3e 3a )KeHY TOMa, CHH I1pe.lhy6a, )],ec­
yiJa 3a To,'14.y
rTpeJby6oB02. nOTa H rocno)],apa JaIhHHe H .ll.pyrHx OKOAHHX rrO.ll.pyqja.
TOMa je C lhOM phaBo rroCTynao, KaKO 3601' lby60Mope
C lhHM; CKHHyBlllH O,aje.ll.HOM Aa2KHY 06pa3HH}', Ta HCTa 272
CY.ll.6HHa caCBHM ra je .ll.OTYKAa 6e3 HeKor HaCHlba crrOlhlhHX
HerrpHjaTelha H .ll.OBeAa .ll.0 TaKBe .ll.a je ['OTOBO 6HO
3a Ypoweea
rrpHCHlbeH ,n;a MOAH H rrpocH y HMe 6o)Kje KO,n; CBOjHX lhy,n;H /KUBOrna,
KOpHU:Y Xi\e6a H KOMa)], O.ll.eAa. ,lly6pOBqaHH cy My 3a )KU­ ,£.£y6poe 1wHU
BOTa CBaKe rO.ll.HHe CAaAH llIeCT CTOTHHa ,lJ,yKaTa, KaKO cy My ceaKe
20iJuHe =axy
6HAH yroBopHAH C lherOBHM rrpeU:HMa, Te ce THM HOBu:eM
600 OYlCama.
H3.ll.p)KaBao. fberOBa MajKa JeAeHa, rrOCAe MJ)KeBlheBe CMP­
TU, )KHBeAa y BeAHKOM He3a.ll.OBOlhCTBY. HaHMe, HHje
XTeAa .ll.a ce rrojaBlhyje rrpe.ll. BeAHKalllHMa n;apCTBa, rra ce
.ll.pJ)KHAa C MOHaCHMa rrorryT HeKe MOHaxHlbe, Te je 6HAa
YBeK TJ)KHa. I1011ITO BeAHKalllH 3aTO HHCY MorAH Ha BpeMe
CBplliaBaTH cBoje rrOCAOBe Uep je OHa y rrOqeTKY yrrpaBlha­
Aa KpalbeBCTBOM), BpAO ce pa3rHeBHllle. 11 TO je 6HO rAaB­
HH pa3Aor pYllIeIha H nporracTH u:apCTBa lheHor CHHa. Ka.ll.
BH,n;eAa ,n;a lheH CHH rrpHTHcHyT TOAHKHM rraTlhaMa H Ypoweea
HeBOlbaMa, rrpoBo)],HAa je MOHalliKH )KHBOT y 1t:.LlHUM ceAY H MajlCa yMpe
YMpAa y OqajalhY TpH rO)],HHe rrOCAe CMpTH CBora CHHa, u:a­ ot{ajHa.

je npeMa lhOj ocenao TaKO H llITO je 6HO PoaB qOBeK. OH pa YpOllIa, Kojaje YCAe)],HAa 1371 rO.ll.HHe.
palmje 6HO 3ap06Ho y paTY I1HHKa )laYAoBa H BacrrHTao ra 273
Ha CBOM )],BOPY. )lOK je I1HHK 60paBl1D Ha .ll.BOpy, CKAOrrHO
je npHjaTelbcTBO C TOMHHOM )KeHOM AHoeAHHOM, rra .ll.a 6u
HHUK fEHEA.;J01Ill\O CTAb.JIO CPIICKOr KPA.!hA B)1V\IIDmA
C lhOM Morao 60lhe Y)KHBaTH, y6uo je ToMy, 3au:eAO y3 CY­
TOMY·
.ll.eAOBalhe caMe AHOeAHHe. je TO BH)],eo TOMHH CHH,
06paTH ce TypqHHY, KOjH My nOMO)Ke )],a yXBaTH I1HHKa, Te
!vlPlbABA
ra OCAerrH. AAH KaKO TOMHH CUH HHje jOlli 6HO crroc06aH )],a I
yrrpaBlha, AHoeAHHa, no caBeTY BAaCTeAe, Y3e )],pyror
AHOe.RuHa ce TX • H . P .
MY)Ka, HaHMe, ncaHJY H3 aynAHJe H3 OMeJe, KOJH Je TaAa
.. I
r~KO
nOHOBO yiJa 3a
Hcaujy 6HO rocrrO.ll.ap Ke¢aAOHHje. I10111TO je oBaj yrrpaBlbao CBO­ Iloj ,,,OJ
HanYJbjJa. 3eMlhOM H 3eMlhOM cBoje )KeHe C BeAHKOM pa360pHTOlll­
ny, OCTao je Ha BAaCTH H TYPU:H ra 3a )KHBOTa HHCY y3He­
MHpaBaAH, jep UX je HerrpeCTaHO .ll.apHBao. KYKaBHH u:ap;,
KOjH je 3a CBora )KHBOTa rryCTHO .ll.a BeAHKalllH 3ay3My u:ap­
CTBO, 60paBHO je HeKO BpeMe KO)], Kpalba BYKalllHHa, KOjH Kpai1>eBBIi P)'IIlHa. KaHT."Il'Y3Ima
My je 6HO .ll.o)],eAHO je.ll.Hy MaAY 06AaCT 3a H3.ll.p)KaBalhe.
I10cAe 60paBKa KO.ll. lhera, Ka KHe3Y Aa3apy. Ka.ll. je
oBaj Ha CAHqaH HaqHH poaBO C IhHM rrocTynao, rrOHOBO ce HBaHiIm
BpaTH KpalbY BYKalllHHY. AAH KOHaqHO, BH.ll.enH .ll.a C IhHM
rrocTyrra Kao npe, OAAY'iH)],a n06erHe y,lly6pOBHHK. KaA
KpQJb BYKa­ ~mmm:a. I5Hi T)J'P~a li3JllII1fli.a
lllUH y6uje o TOMe HeKH cAyra 06aBeCTHO Kpalba BYKalllHHa, BYKallIHH
AH.JPlIldffi
llapa Ypowa. ra y)],apH 6Y3)],OBaHOM no rAaBH TaKO .ll.a Ha MeCTY OCTa MP­
TaB. 3aMOTaBlllH ra 3aTHM y nHAHM, .ll.a.ll.e ra nOKO­
naTH y IllapeHHKY, y 06AaCTH CKonlba. )KHBOT OBora BAa­ He.l!.es1KO Ma.'l'!FIlID
)],apa MO)Ke 3aHCTa .ll.a rrOCAJ)KH Kao rrpaBH rrpHMep CY.ll.6H­ I
He: OHa ra je HeKOM BaplhHBOM .ll.06POTOM jOlil Kao MAaAH­
na 3)]'paBor H BeOMa rrOlilTOBaHor, a .ll.a ce caM HHje HH nlel ~fvcaKa Je.'leRa. IeH3 ClJell3.Hll Koc<l"le
03HOjHO, Y3.ll.HrAa TaKO BHCOKO .ll.a ce rro 60raTCTBY, MonH H
BeAHqaHCTBY MaAO KO O.ll. HajBenHx BAaAapa Morao MepHTU
344 345

274
rPliCPIlCKOr KPA."hA B'~lK.i~.I.lIHHA.
KpQJb By;ca­ nOIIITO ce yracHAo (KaKo CMO UapCTBO HeMa-
W.UH U Y2Jbcw.a . y PaIIIKY, r,lJ,e je 3aBpIIIHO cBoje ,lJ,aHe Ha Ben OfmcaHH Ha­
pOOuwe ce y IhHhKe Kyhe y PalliKOJ, ca,lJ,a heMo HaCTaBHTH Ka3HBaIhe 0
AueHy. ,lJ,eAHMa "leTBOpHue BeAMO)Ka cy JOIII 3a )KHBOTa
YpoIIIa, rrOCAe,lJ,Iher Kpalba H u.apa OBe KYhe, 6HAH 3aY3eAH
PalliKO UapCTBO. TIO'feneMO Hajrrpe C KpalbeM BYKaIIIHHOM
H IherOBHM 6paTOM YrlheIIIOM. OHH cy ce pO,lJ,HAH y i\HBHY,
0,lJ, oua MpIhaBe, KOjH je y rrO'feTKY 6HO cHpoMaIIIHH BAa­
CTeAHH, aAH ra je KacHHje, C IherOBHM CHHoBHMa, Uap CTe­
q:,aH MHoro Y3,1J,Hrao. Ka,IJ, je uap CTe¢aH KaCHO je,lJ,He Be~
275 'fepH ,lJ,OIIIaO rro,lJ, BAaraj H HHje XTeo yhH y rpa,lJ" MpIhaBa
ra lhy6a3Ho rrpHMH y CBOjy KYhy. BH,IJ,eBIIIH Ty uap IheroBo
OTMeHO rroHaIIIaIhe, Y3e ra, 3aje,lJ,HO ca )KeHOM, TpH CHHa H
,lJ,Be KhepH Ha CBOj ,lJ,BOp. CHHOBH ce 3Baxy BYKaIIIHH, Yr­
lheIIIa H rojKO. Bpaha BYKaIIIHH H YrlheIIIa 6HAH cy ja'fH H
H3Be)K6aHHjH y OPY)Kjy Oll. ll.pyrHx BeAHKaIIIa, rroce6HO Yr-
CMYH lheIIIa, KOjH je BO,lJ,HO paT c rpa,lJ,OM COAYHOM H ,lJ,OTepaO ra
n..n.ana aaHa;c ,lJ,OTAe ,lJ,a My je Mopao IIAanaTH ,lJ,aHaK; H ,lJ,a ra HHje CMpT
OMeAa, IhHMe 6H rrOTrrYHO 3arocrrO,lJ,apHO. BHO je 3aTHM y
Y2Jbewa ttecmo HerrpeKH,IJ,HOM paTy C TypUHMa KOjH cy 6HAH Ha rpaHHUH
nomytte Typ;ce. IherOBe 06AaCTH, H CBaKH rrYT Ka,IJ, ce nOTYKaoc IhHMa, YBeK
je OCTao rr06e,lJ,HHK. TypuH cy CTora 6HAH H3ry6HAH CBY
cHary H O,lJ,BaJKHOCT Kojy cy paHHje rrOKa3HBaAH y paTy.
i\H'fHe ycrrexe BYKaIIIHHa H YrlheIIIe HHCY MorAH ,lJ,a Tprre
KHe3 i\a3ap H )KyrraH HHKOAa AATOMaHOBHn, rrOCAe IhHX
npBH BeAHKaIIIH y PaIIIKoj. 3aTO O,/J,Ay'fHIIIe MeOY C060M,IJ,a
346
-'
HX rrOHH3e H rrO,lJ,pe2KY KpHAa OXOAOCTH. C THM
UHlheM rrpHOOIIIe u.apy YpOIIIY ra Ha CBe MOry­
he Ha4:HHe rrpOTHB nOMeHYTe 6pahe. 1'1 Ha Kpajy ra y6e,lJ,H­
IIIe ,lJ,a yoe C IhHMa y caBe3 npoTHB pe"leHe 6pahe, 06eha­
BajyhH ,lJ,a he CBe IIITO HM 0,ny3MY npHnaCTH uapy YpOIIIY,
3a Kora he ce OHH 3aAO)KHTH ll.a nOHOBO ,lJ,06Hje O"lHHCKO KpQJb
KpalbeBCTBo. TIpHnpeMHBIIIH, ,lJ,aKAe, MohHY BOjCKY, nooo­ By;cawuH U
Hu;coJl.a
IIIe ,lJ,a Harra,lJ,HY Kpalba BYKaIIIHHa H YrlheIIIY. OBH pacno­ AnmoMaHoeun
pe,lJ,HIIIe CBOjy BOjCKY H cycpeToIIIe ce c HenpHjaTelheM Ha 8aMemHY
KOCOBY rrolhy. Ka,lJ, ce Ty 3aMeTHYAa 6HTKa, KHe3 i\a3ap ce 6um;cy.
nOByqe ca CBOjHM "leTaMa H rr06e)Ke. HHKOAa AATOMaHO­
HUKoJl.a npe­
BHh naK, KOjH ce xTeo 60PHTH, 6eIIIe rrOpa)KeH, IheroBH lhy­ rnpnu nopa3.
,lJ,H rroy6HjaHH, Te ce H caM ycrreo crraCTH. Uap YpOIII
6eIIIe YXBaheH )KHB C HeKOAHUHHOM BAaCTeAe CBora ,lJ,BOpa
,lJ,OK cy ,lJ,pyrH 6HAH noy6HjaHH. MeOY IhHMa 6eIIIe HHKOAa
Hu;coJl.a Eyna
Byha, rrpoTOBeCTHjap uapa LlyIIIaHa, KOjH CAaB­ Ha Kocoey
HO na,lJ,e 6paHehH CBora rocnO,lJ,apa. Byha OCTaBH jell.HOr nOJby.
CHHa no HMeHY TIeTap, 0,lJ, Kojer cy nOTeKAH nAeMHhH Kyhe
Byha KOjH cy ,lJ,aHaC y Lly6POBHHKY, H TpH KnepH, 0,lJ, KOjHX
je,lJ,Ha, rro HMeHY BHO"la, 6eIIIe y,lJ,aTa 3a MapHHa ry"leTHna,
,lJ,pyra Y KYhy rYH,nyAHha, a Tpena je HMaAa 3a MY)Ka i\yKY
BYHHna. AAH ,lJ,a ce BpaTHMO Ha cTBap. Ka,IJ, je 6HO rroTyqeH
Uap YpOIII H YXBaneH y 6HUH, Kpalb BYKaIIIHH ra je O,lJ,BeO
"lHH. Y OBOM paTy HHje CY,lJ,eAOBaAa KYna BaAIIIHna, jep je
1)ypao BaAIIIa 6HO 3eT Kpalba BYKaIIIHHa. 11 ,lJ,OK cy ce pe­
"leHa rocrrO,lJ,a 60pHAa H3MeOY ce6e, BaAIIIa ce CTapao 0
CBOjHM rrOCAOBHMa H 3aY3HMao rrO,lJ,pY4:ja Y3a CBOjy rpaHH­
u.y. Je,lJ,HY ,lJ,pyry Kpalba BYKaIIIHHa, rro HMeHY 276
Ha, IheH OTau y,lJ,a,lJ,e 3a MaTeja, CHHa JOBaHa KaHTRKY3H­
Ha, uapHrpa,lJ,CKOr uapa. TIOIIITO je oBaj 6HO y paTy ca CBO­ Knu ;cPQJba
< jHM 3eTOM JOBaHoM TIaAeOAoroM H BeOMa )KeAeO ,lJ,a Jl<:eHa
60lhe yqBpcTH UapCKH rrOAO)Kaj H CBe cBoje rroCAoBe, 3a­ Mamuje
rrpoCHo je 3a )KeHY CBOMe CHHY pe"leHY PyIIIHy, KOjy My KaHTfllI;cY3uHa
IheH OTau BYKaIIIHH O,lJ,Max ,lJ,a,lJ,e H ,lJ,03Ha"lH y MHpa3 CBa
rrO,lJ,pyqja Koja je nOCe,lJ,OBaO y AA6aHHjH. OBaj Uap je pa­
TOBao C TIaAeoAorOM ,lJ,Ba,IJ,eCeT rO,lJ,HHa, a TO je 6HO pa3Aor
IIITO cy MAe"laHH yrnAH y TeIIIKH paT C 1)eHoBlhaHHMa. 1)e­
HOBlhaHH cy 6HAH Ha CTpaHH KaHTaKY3HHa, a MAe'faHH Ha
CTpaHH TIaAeOAora. ce Ta,lJ,a ,lJ,a je cpeha, rrOIIITO je
MAe'faHHMa HIIIAO HaOrraKO, Te cy KPHBHUOM je,lJ,HOr IhHXO­
Bor KarreTaHa 6HAH rrOTyqeHH 0,lJ, 1)eHOBlhaHa, H KaHTRKY­
3HHY 6HAa HeCKAOHa. Y Toj 6HUH, HaHMe, rrorHHe IheroB
CHH MaTej. Marej OCTaBH je,lJ,HOr CHHa rro HMeHY 1)ypao, H i1peHa, JlCeHa
,lJ,Be KnepH, JeAeHY, Koja je 6HAa uapHua Tpane3YHTa, H aecnoma 'Byp­
JepHHY, Koja je 6HAa y,lJ,aTa 3a cprrCKor ,lJ,eCnOTa 1)ypoa. ba, 6ejaw.e
JepHHa, ,lJ,aKAe, KaKO BeAH JOBaH i\eYHKAaBHje, 6eIIIe yHy­ yHyl':a ;cPQJba
BYKaw.uHa.
Ka Kpalba BYKaIIIHHa. OBaj je ca CBojHM 6paToM YrlheIIIoM
347
 ~

6110 OLLAynIllO ,n:a AllIllll BAaCTll KHe3a i\a3apa II HllKOAY
AATOMaHOBllna II ,n:a llX rrOTrrYHO yHllIllTll KaKO llX He 6ll
MorAll Crrpe'laBaTll rrpll ,n:pyrllM rro.n:yXBaTllMa Koje cy
2KeAeAll ,n:a OCTBape. AAll y TO BpeMe He XTe,n:OIlle HlllllTa
rrpe.n:y3llMaTll, jep cy TYPU,ll KOjll cy ce rpaHll'lllAll C lDllMa
rrpllAllKOM OBora paTa 6llAll orrYCTOIllllAll lDllXOBY 3eMlhY II
HaHeAll joj BeAllKY IllTeTy. 3aTO cy ce Hajrrpe XTeAll OCBe­
Typu,llMa. O,n:aTAe KaCI-Illje lDeroBo TeAO 6ll rrpeHeTO y u,p­
KBy CB. DllMllTpllja y CYIllllU,ll, Koja je y PaIllKoj. TeAO
Yrlheille II rojKa HllKa,n:a ce Hllje HaIllAO. Dpyre All'lHOCTll
Koje He rrorll60Ille y 6llU,ll 6exy 3ap06lheHe 2KllBe II o,n:Be­
,n:eHe y porrcTBo. To ce 36llAO 26. cerrTeM6pa 1371. ro,n:llHe. 1371.
TaKaB je 6110 Kpaj Kpalba BYKaIllllHa, KOjll ce 3a 'lllTaBOr
2KllBOTa rrOKa3llBao rrplljaTelh Dy6pOB'laHa, ceM IllTO ce KpQJb

By lCa W.UH.

TllTll Typu,llMa, a Ta,n:a y,n:apllTll CBOM CHarOM Ha 2KYrraHa 1369. ro,n:llHe pacp,n:llo Ha lDllX 360T u,apa YpoIlla, Bepy­ 6ejaw.e

HllKOAY II KHe3a i\a3apa. TIpllrrpeMllBIllll, ,n:aKAe, BOjCKY o,n: jynll ,n:a cy ra OHll rro,n:CTaKAll ,n:a ,n:llrHe opJ)Kje rrpOTllB npujameJb

KpQJb BYlCa- ,n:Ba,n:eceT Xlllha,n:a 60pau,a, KpeHyllle y rroTpary 3a Typu,llMa lDera. CTora rrpllrrpeMll jaKY BOjCKY ,n:a rrol)e rrpOTllB Dy­ )],y6p084.afia.

UWfi 11. Y2Jbeuw CBe ,n:o TpaKllje, KOjy cy BeAllKllM ,n:eAOM 6llAll 3aY3eAll. 6pOB'laHa. Ma,n:a cy Dy6pOB'laHll rrOKYlllaAll CBe rrYTeBe II
cnaJle mypclCe
3eMJbe y
TIOIllTO llX HllCY HaIllAll, rroxapaBIllll II rrOrraAllBIllll lDllXOBY Ha'lllHe ,n:a ra 0,n:06pOBOlhe, OH ce llrraK Hllje OKaHllO OBora
TpalCuju. 3eMlhy, BpaTllllle ce y PaIllKY He Bo,n:enll pa'lYHa rrYTeM 0 rro.n:yXBaTa CBe ,n:OK Hllje ,n:OIllao K lDeMY BAaxO BYKOB Bo­
6llAO KaKBOM BOjHll'lKOM pe.n:y. TypU,ll, KOjll cy ce 6llAll rro- 6albeBlln, ll3aCAaH o,n: crpaHe Dy6pOB'laHa. B06albeBlln je
. ByKAll Y IIAaHllHe II rra2KlhllBO rrpaTllAll lDllXOBO KpeTalDe, OCTao Ha lDerOBOM ,n:BOpy Bllille o,n: Meceu, ,n:aHa, jep Hllje
CYJlejMafi III.
6 . . . .
nomY4.e

ll3a paille Tpll Xlllha,n:e CBOJllX HaJo,n:Ba2KHllJllX lhy,n:ll, KOJll Morao ,n:06llTll ay,n:lljeHu,lljy. AAll je Haj3a,n: rrOCTllrao CBOjOM 278
. BYlCaw.ufia 11.
yrra,n:OIlle y rr03a,n:llHY HerrplljaTelhcKe BojcKe caCTaBlheHe rr03HaTOM pa360pllToIllny ,n:a Kpalb BYKaIllllH, peKAO 6ll ce,
Y2Jbew.y.
o,n: YrlheIllllHllx lhy,n:ll, Te llX y 6ecHoM Harra.n:y pa36llllle. ,n:llpHyT lDerOBOM Bpe,n:HOIllny, Ka2Ke y rrpllcycTBy HeKllX
i\aoHllK rrllille ,n:a je CYAejMaH Tpenll rro pe.n:y II rrpBll OBor CBOjllX BeAllKailla ,n:a Hllje ,n:OAll'lHO HaHOCllTll 3Aa je,n:Hoj
llMeHa Hony Harrao lhy,n:e Kpalba BYKaIllllHa II lDerOBor 6pa­ TaKBoj 3eMlhll Koja pal)a All'lHOCTll OBe BpCTe, YKpallleHe
Ta YrlheIlle, KOjll cy ce Ta,n:a HaAa3llAll HelllTO MaAO y,n:a­ CBllM BpAllHaMa II ,n:06POTOM. TIOIllTO je llcrrYHllO IllTO je
lheHll C ,n:pyrllM ,n:eAOM BojcKe. CTora rrpllCKO'lllllle ca CBllM B06albeBlln Tpa2KllO, OTrrYCTllO ra je ,n:apOBaBIllll My KOlDa
CBOjllM lhy,n:CTBOM ,n:a rroMorHY cBojllMa KOjll cy rrYIllTeHllx HajrrAeMeHllTllje rraCMllHe, ,n:Ba rrapa COKOAOBa II ,n:Ba rrapa CMpny ICPQJba

BYlCaw.ufia

Y3,n:ll 6e2KaAll rrpe,n: Typu,llMa He ycrreBajynll ,n:a cpe,n:e cBoje xpTOBa. B06albeBlln je CBe TO, KaKO je 06ll'laj KO,n: .n:y6po­ TYPl!,U oja4.ajy

277 pe,n:OBe KaKO cy 6llAll .n:y2KHll, TaKO ,n:a cy ce y rJ)KBll cy­

Ba'lKllX rrOKAllCapa, rrpe,n:ao CBOjOj rocrro,n:ll, Koja cy ,n:apo­ y Paw.lCoj.

,n:apaAll C Typu,llMa. Ka,n: cy TYPU,ll Bll,n:eAll ll3,n:aAeKa ,n:a

BaAa COKOAOBe II KOlDa HeKOM HeMa'lKOM rrAeMllny rrpllAll­
BYKaIllllHOBa II YrlheIllllHa BojcKa ll,n:e rrpOTllB lDllX, ca'le­
KOM rrOBpaTKa ll3 CBeTe 3eMlhe. Ca,n:a, ,n:aKAe, ,n:a ce Bpa­
Kaille llX II rrOHOBO 36llille pe,n:OBe. O.n:yrrpeille ce, ,n:aKAe,
TllMO Ha cTBap. Ka,n: je yMpO Kpalb BYKaIllllH, MHoro orra,n:e
O,n:Ba2KHO II 60pllille ce jYHa'lKll, TaKO ,n:a ce CTBopllAa Be­
Mon rocrro,n:e PaIllKe, a rropacTe Mon TypaKa. Jep OHll, y30­
AllKa rrOMeTlDa y BOjCU,ll PalllaHa, KOjll y 60p6ll HllCY o,n:p­ XOAllBIllll ce OBOM rr06e,n:oM, rrO'lellle ,n:a rrpo,n:llpy 6e3 llKa­
2KaBaAll HllKaKaB pe,n: HllTll cy 3HaAll KaKO Hll C KllM llMajy
KBe rrperrpeKe y CBe ,n:eAoBe PaIllKe II ,n:a llX xapajy. 360r
,n:a ce 60pe. TYPU,ll cy OBY OKOAHOCT BeOMa ,n:06po llCKO­
Tora MHorll BeAllKaIllll OHora KpalheBCTBa, y HeMorynHocTll
PllCTllAll Te y,n:apllAll Ha lDllX. TIOIllTO cy TO ll3BeAll C BeAll­
,n:a llM ce ,n:pYK'lllje o.n:yrrpy, CKAarraAll cy C lDllMa Mllp II
KOM 2KeCTllHOM, pa36llille llX II HaTepallle y 6eKCTBO II rro­
CAy2KllAll llM Y paTOBllMa rrpOTllB xplllllnaHa. Mel)y OBllMa 2KaplC08u

pe,n: Tora IllTO cy Kpalb BYKaIllllH II Yrlheilla YA02KllAll CBe

cy 6llAll Dparaill II KOHCTaHTllH, CllHOBll )KapKa DejaHo­ CUfi08U

)],pazaw. U

Harrope ,n:a ocyjeTe 6eKCTBO. AAll Ka,n: HllCY MorAll HlllllTa

Bllna, II MHora ,n:pyra BAaCTeAa Koja rrpe 6ejaxy rro,n:aHllu,ll KOHcmafimufi.

ynIllHllTll, II OHll ce, ,n:a 6ll crraCAll 2KllBOT, ,n:a,n:OIlle y 6eK­

Kpalba BYKaIllllHa II lDerOBor 6paTa Yrlheille. O,n: lDllX KOH­
CTBO. rOlDeHll o,n: TypaKa II HaTepaHll ,n:o peKe Xe6pa, ca,n:a
CTaHTllH (KaKo rrllille i\aoHllK y II. KlDll3ll) rrpeBa3llAa2Kallle
Mapllu,e, 6au,llllle ce y lDy C KOlDllMa ,n:a He 6ll rraAll y pYKe
CBe y BOjHll'lKOj BeIllTllHll, a rro pa360pllTOCTll cMaTpaxy
HerrplljaTelhY. To llCTO ynIllHllllle II MHore ,n:pyre llcTaKHYTe
ra je,n:HllM o,n: rrpBllx. OH je Harrao Byrape II Ap6aHace, KO­
Y2Jbew.a 11. roj- All'lHOCTll, o,n: KOjllx ce Benll 6poj y,n:aBll y rroMeHYToj peu,ll.
jllMa je 0.n:y3eo MHora MecTa; a Ka,n: je yMpO lDeroB 6paT
ICO ymone ce y Ty ce y,n:aBll TaKol)e II Yrlheilla II lDerOB 6paT rojKo, KOjll je
DparaIll, HaCAe,n:eo ra je y ,n:p2KaBll, Te je II caM 6110 rrpllcll­
pelj,U Mapulj,u. 3arrOBe,n:ao BOjCKOM. Ka,n: je Kpalb BYKaIllllH rrpeillao peKY,
lheH ,n:a 'leCTO rrocenyje ,n:BOP Typ'lllHa. TIocAe CMpTll Kpalba I.J.emupu CUfia

ICPQJba

KpQJb BylCa- oceTllBIllll BeAllKY 2Kel), rrO'le rrllTll Ha je,n:HoM ll3BOPY, He BYKaIllllHa oCTa,n:oIlle 'leTllpll lDerOBa CllHa, II TO MapKO, BYlCaw.ufia.

W.Ufi nozufiY 00 CllAa3enll C KOlDa. DOK je TaKO HarHYT rrllo, y6ll ra lDerOB
pYlCe w.mumo- rra2K HllKoAa XpcojeBlln 360r orpAllu,e Koja My je BllCllAa 0
fiOw.e HUlCoJle BpaTy. To ce ,n:eCllAO KO,n: ceAa KapaMaHAll 6All3Y rpa,n:a
XpCOje8una. . 6
l..J:epHoMeHa y TpaKllJll, r,n:e cy PaIllaHll 3aMeTHYAll llTKY C
348
I1BaHllIll, AH,n:plljalll II MllTpalll. 11 rrope,n: Tora IllTO cy rro­
'leAll BAa,n:aTll CBOjOM ,n:p2KaBOM Ha BeAllKO 3a,n:OBOlhCTBO
rro,n:aHllKa, lDllXOBll HerrplljaTelhll llX llrraK HllCY rrYCTllAll
,n:a .n:yro Y2KllBajy. Jep llM je KHe3 i\a3ap Y3eo TIPllIllTllHY II
349
 --,..--

Ko 3uY3e HOBO Ep,l.(O, Kao H MHora ,l.(pyra 06AlUKffia MeCTa. HHKOAa

MTOMaHOBHO, C ,l.(pyre cTpaHe, 3aY3eO je "IHTaBY 06AaCT
dp:JKUBy KpCUbU 280
BYKuwuHa, Koja ce rpaHH"IHAa C ffieroBHM 3eMlbaMa. EaAIllHHH, rraK,
CHHOBH, Ma,l.(a cy HM 6HAH pol)aJJ,H, OTeIlle HM H3 PYKY rEHEAAOWKO CTABAO
TIpH3peH H MHore ,l.(pyre cyce,l.(He KpajeBe. HH TypJJ,H HHCY HHKOAE AATOMAHOBH1iA,
rrpOrrYCTHAH rrpHAHKJ ,l.(a 3aroCrro,l.(ape BeAHKHM ,l.(eAOM 3e­ KHE3A YlKHQKOr
MIbe KOjy cy ,n:p2KaAH y POMaHHjH. 360r Tora rope pe"leHa
6paoa, ,n:a 6H 3a,n:p2KaAa 6ap HeIllTO, rrpHCTa,n:OIlle ,n:a rrAa­
,n:aHaK TYPJJ,HMa, rra cy HM CAJ)KHAH H Y paTOBHMa.
MH I1BaHHIll HHje Morao ,n:a ,n:yro H3,n:P2KH rro,l.( ffiHXOBOM
BOJHH
THpaHHjoM, Te ce rrOBYKao c HeKOAHJJ,HHOM CBOjHX lby,n:H
KO,n: EaAIllHHHX CHHOBa y 3eTY. OHH cy HX pa,l.(O rrpHMHAH I
H ,n:aAH HM HenlTO 3eMlbe ,n:a cy MorAH 2KHBOTapHTH. ,l1.pyrH
H>eroB 6paT, MapKO, Kora HeKH 30BY Kpa&eBHO, OTHIllaB C BojHCJIaB TOMa
279 Eaja3HToM, rrpBHM TypCKHM JJ,apeM OBora HMeHa, rrpOTHB

BAaIllKor KHe3a MHp"le, 6H rroTyqeH y 6HJJ,H KO,n: Kpa&eBa,

MapKa rpa,n:a y BAaIllKoj, Te rr06e2Ke y je,l.(HY IllYMY, r,l.(e je 6HO rro­

L{o6po:ooj
KpuJbeeunu rol)eH y rpAO cTpeAoM KOjy H36aJJ,H HeKH BAax, BepyjyoH ,n:a

y6u HeKU Ce..1:a. JlreHa lipajKa.

ce pa,n:H 0 KaKBoj 3BepH. lberoBo Tell.O 6H rrOKorraHO y Ma­
BJ!ax. rocnO)lapa X)'Jt1a
HaCTHpy EAa"laHH Kpaj CKorrlba. MHTpaIll rra,n:e HCTO TaKO

lliU(O;la
y je,n:HOM oKpIllajy C TYPJJ,HMa, a He OCTaBH HHje,n:Hor CHHa.

O,n: AH,l.(pHjaIlla, ffiHXOBor "IeTBpror 6paTa, PO,n:H ce He,n:elb­

KO MoM"IHAO, KOjH je 6HO OTaJJ, Koje, KHe3a MycaKa, H Je­

0re4.>aH
AeHe, 2KeHe CTjerraHa Koca"le, BojBo,n:e o,n: CB. CaBe, H He

OCTa BHIlle HHKO ,n:pyrH H3 KJoe Kpa&a BYKaIllHHa. A OH,

3aje,n:HO ca CBOjOM 6panOM, ,n:O"leKa TaKO 6e,n:aH Kpaj,

IllTO HHje 6HAO 6e3 ,l.(OrrYIllTeffia 602KaHCKOr

BeAH"IaHCTBa, Koje HM HHje ,n:03BOAHAO

,n:a J)KHBajy Kpa&eBCTBO Koje

HerrpaBe,n:HO OTeIlle

H3 PYKJ ffiHXOBor rocrro,n:apa KOjH HX

H3 HHcKora po,n:a yqHHH

rrAeMeHHTHM H TaKO

BeAHKHM.

350 351
 -r­
rPI> HHKOJIE AJITOMAHOBI111A
281
Cal1.a Ha pel1.Y ll.a rrOKa)KeMO HHKOAe AATOMaHO­
.
B OJUH, '" BHha, ll.pYTor OTHMa'Ia PalliKor KpalbeBcrBa. Ilpe
11Jl.e.MU"
Kp(JJb(J Ypowa. Hero lliTO rrpeoeMO Ha H3Aaraffie THX 'IHffieHHlJ,a, 'IHTaOUH
Tpe6a ll.a 3Hajy ll.a je y BpeMe Kpalba YpOllia CAerror, Meoy
OCTaAHM FberOBHM BeAHKalliHMa, 6HO jell.aH KOjH ce 3Bao,
BOjHH. Taj je Y1KHBaO BeAHKH YrAe)J. KOll. OBora KPaJba H
6HO 1l.06HO 011. ffiera Ha yrrpaBy, lliTaBHllie y 6alliTHHY,
XYMCKY 06Aacr Koja ce ca CBHX crpaHa rpaHH'IHAa C l{y-
Iloll. pa3HHM H3rOBopHMa BojmI je 3a CBora
2821KHBOTa HaHeo l{y6pOB'IaHHMa BeAMKe lliTeTe. 011. Bojmla
ce p0l1.Hllie TpH CHHa: TOMa, BOjHCaB HAM BojHcAaB H
AATOMaH. OHH rrOCAe O'IeBe CMpTH pa311.eAMllie H3MeOY ce6e
Klie3 BojuCJ!a8 XYMCKY 06AaCT. BojHcAaBY ll.orrall.e oHaj Kpaj KOjH ce
.> y;;uwmu rpaHH'IHO C l{y6pOB'IaHHMa. C FbHMa je 3a 1KHBOTa BOll.HO
uyup08W·OCO . .
noapyt;je. HerrpeKHll.HH paT, TOKOM KOJera Je rroxapao H rrOrraAHO
'IHTaBY ffiHXOBY TepHTopHjy H rr06HO MHoro ffiHXOBHX Tpro­
Baua KOjH cy, oCAaffiajyhH ce Ha FberOBe rapaHUHje, rrOCAO­
BaAH y H:,eroBoj 3eMlbH. H TO je pall.H.O, Ka3HBallie, rro yrryT­
crBHMa CBora rocrrOll.apa Kpalba. Ho If ffieMY cy l{y6pOB"tw­
HH rrOHeKall. Y3BpahaAH MH.AO 3a ll.paro. IlOCAe BojHcAaB'
lbeBe CMPTH., TherOB CHHOBau HHKOAa, CH.H AATOMaHa, KOjH
352
je YMPO 3a 1KHBOTa BojHcAaBlbeBa, rrpeBa3HAa3ehH y CBa­
KOM 3Ay H ll.eAY H CTpm:::(a, He3all.OBOlbaH ll.eAOM KOjH je
rrpHAMKOM ll.e06e rrpHrraO ffierOBOM ony, 3aY3e OPY1KjeM H
ll.eO CBOra crpm::(a BojHcAaBa. H ll.a He 6H OKO Tora y6Yl1.Yhe
HMao cYK06e HAH paTOBe, YXBaTH BojHcAaBlbeBe CHHOBe
l{06poBoja H CTecpaHa H ffiHXOBY MajKY, Te HX 6aUH y TaM­
HHny, y KOjOj cy rrOCAe rryHHx Cell.aM rOll.HHa 6ell.HO 3aBp­ HwcOJlQ ompy­
je ,l!o6pu8oja U
lliHAH 1KHBOT. l{pyrH BeAe (KaKO je rope pe'IeHO) ll.a HX Cmecpmw.
HaKOH KpaTKor BpeMeHa OTpOBao. 011. TOMe rraK He ocra
HHjell.aH CHH. IlOMeHYTH HHKOAa Kao MOMaK 6ellie BeAHKa
jYHa'IHHa H ll.p1Kallie rrOMeHYTy rroKpajHHY XyMa KOjy je
ll.p1Kao ffierOB OTau AATOMaH 3a 1KHBOTa uapa CTecpaHa.
KacHHje, Kall. je YMpo ffieroB CTPHU 'IHja ce 06Aacr rrpOCTH­
paAa 011. l{y6pOBa'IKOr rrpHMopja 11.0 Y1KHua, 3aY3e (KaKO
peKOCMO) H ffieroBe 3eMlbe; 1l.06H H HeKe ll.pyre KpajeBe, CBe
11.0 CpeMa, H BAall.allie 11.0 rpaHHue BocHe Ha l{PHHH. BHO
je BeAHKH jYHaK Ha OPY1Kjy H crrpeTaH, aAH ll.p3aK, Herro­
cTojaH y CBHM CBOjHM ll.eAMMa H BepOAOMaH; BpAO AaKO ce
Aahao OPY1Kja H 3arrO'IHffiaO paT ca CBHM BAall.apHMa CBO­
jHM cycell.HMa. BepyjyhH, ll.aKAe, ll.a HeM a Ha CBeTy xpa­
6pHjer H MohHHjeT 011. ffiera, rrO'Ie paTOBaTH H xapaTH rpa­
HHue BocHe rrpeMa l{PHHH, rrpH'IHffiaBajyhH BeAHKe lliTeTe
60caHcKoM 6aHY TBPTKY. H3Meoy OCTaAor 1l.00e jell.apell., rro
CaHIW
HaroBopy H 3a lby6aB MHATeHoBa CHHa CaHKa, y XYMCKY MU.llmeH08
3eMlbY; Yll.apH y BHllihy Ha OKOAHHY Iloll.rpaOa (10 Torno di xapaXYMoM.
podgradie) H 3aY3e je, a 3aTHM Oll.e 11.0 i\orropHHa H ffiero­
BHX ceAa. IloMeHYTH CaHKO 6HO je BeAHKalli 6aHa TBpTKa
H ll.p1Kao je CBY XYMCKY 3eMlbY 011. IlpHMopja 11.0 KOffiHua H
CaHIW8e
3eMJbe.
HeBecHffie ca rOpffiHM H l{OFbHM BAacHMa. BHl1.ehH Beh pe­
'IeHH 6aH KaKO ra CaHKo Harrall.a, KpeHe, C BOjCKOM rrpo­
THB ffiera H rrpoTepa ra. OH Tal1.a rrooe HHKOAH AAToMaHo­
BHhy, C KOjHM je 3ajell.HH'IKH rrlba'IKaO XYMCKY 3eMlby. 283
HHKoAa AAToMaHoBHh (KaKO CMO MaAO'IaC Ka3aAH) pa­
TOBao je H ca rpall.OM l{y6POBHHKOM. TaKO 1371. rOll.HHe, Pam U3MefJy
Kall. je YXBaTHo HeKe l1.Y6pOBa'IKe TprOBue H rrAeMHhe, cra­ ,l!y6p08ttaHa U
Hww.l1.e Anmo­
BHO HX je Ha MyKe Ball.ehH HM 3y6e, Te HM je Ha Kpajy CH­ MaHo8Una.
AOM H3HYll.HO 'IeTHpH XHlball.e cpjopHHa. Te HCTe roll.HHe,
Kall. je 1l.0Aa3HO C BeAMKHM 6pojeM lbYll.CTBa ll.a xapa rro )Ky­
rrH l1.Y6pOBa'IKoj, Ca'IeKaO ra je IlaCKO MaPTHHYCHh H3Meoy
Tpe6m:i>a H )Kyrre AY6pOBa'IKe. Y HacraAoj 6HUH HHKOAa 6H
rrOpa1KeH H MHoro cBoje BAacreAe. BopaBehH H Ha
HWWJlQ
rpaHHuaMa YrapCKe, HHje rrpecrajao xapaTH OKOAHa Me­ AnmOMOHo8un
cra. A ll.a He 6H 6HAO HHjell.HOr 3AOll.eAa Kojera ce He 6H xone
aa _
AaTHO, Ol1.AYQH ll.a y6Hje KHe3a i\a3apa H 3aY3Me ffierOBe IClie3a lia3apo.
06AaCTH. Y TOM UHlbY rr03Ba ra Ha pa3rOBOp. KHe3 i\a3ap,
KOjH je 1l.06po rr03HaBao ffierOBY 3A06y, HHje ce rrOY311.aBaO Y
ffiera MHoro. 11 Mall.a Meoy ffiHMa HHje 6HAO OTBopeHor
paTa, HrraK cy Mp3eAM jell.aH ll.pyrora. Ho yrrpKoc TOMe
353
 r

yroBOpI-Une CaCTaHaK Ha O,[(pel)eHoM MeCT}' KaKO 6H ce
Mel)yc06HO pa3rOBOpHim. KHe3 i\a3ap je ,[(OIlIaO CaMO ca
rreTOpHUOM lbY,[(H H HHKOAa ca HCTO TOAHKO. HH
,[(pyrH HHje HOCHO Y3a ce Op)'2Kje. AAH HHKOAa, KOjH je 6HO
,n;OIlIaO CaMO 3aTO,[(a OAY3Me >KHBOT KHe3Y J\a3apy, rrpe He­
ro IlITO ce caCTaIlIe, rrOCAaO je HeKe cBoje rrOY3,[(aHHKe ,[(a
caKpHjy op)'2Kje rro,[( rra:a,eBe '[(pBena H y CHer Kojera je 6H­
BOjUH, TLllBMUn AO Ha TOMe MecT)'. Ka,[( cy, ,[(aKAe, 060jHua CTHrAH H
KpQ.lba YpoUla. pacrrpaBHAH IlITO cy HMMH pacrrpaBHTH, HHKoAa H3Ba,[(H
CaKpHBeHO opY>Kje H je,[(aH 0,[( :a,erOBHX lbY,[(H paHH y rpy,[(H
KHe3a J\a3apa. Y,[(apau je 6HO TaKO jaK ,[(a je l\a3ap rrao Ha
3eMlbY KaO MpTaB. AAH paHa, y CTBapH, HHje 6HAa CMPTO­
HOCHa, jep >KeAe30 He rrpo,[(pe CKP03, rrOIlITO ce lberOB BPX
cy,n;apHO ca 3AaTHHM KPCTOM KOjH je KHe3Y J\a3apy BHCHO 0
BpaT)'. HHKOAa H lberoBH lby,n;H, BepyjynH ,[(a je J\a3ap
CHryPHO MpTaB, HaBMHIlIe Ha lberoBY rrpaTlby. TOM rrpH­
AHKOM cy 6HAH y6HjeHH MHXajAo ,n:aBH'[(OBHn H )KapKo Me­
peIlIHn, BAaCTeAa paIlIKa. KaKO ce CBe BHIlIe rro,[(H3Ma
rpaja, rra)!{ KOjH je '[(p>Kao J\a3apeBa Ko:a,a rrOTp'Ia TaMO
r,[(e je Ae>KaO lberOB rocrro,[(ap. Ka,[( je J\a3ap yrAe,[(ao Ko:a,a,
CMeCTa ce rro,[(H>Ke H Y3jaxaBIlIH rr06e>Ke. OBO HHje rrpHMe­
THO HH HHKOAa HH HKO 0,[( :a,erOBHX lby,n;H, jep cy, KaKO
peKOCMO, rrOY3,[(aHO BepOBMH ,[(a je MpTaB, rra cy ce 6aUH­
AH ,[(a rroy6Hjajy OCTMe. KacHHje, rraK, Ka,[( cy TO rrpHMe­
THAH, HHCY ce YCY,[(HAH ,[(a rrol)y 3a lbHM y rroTepy, jep cy
lby,n;H KHe3a J\a3apa 6mm y 6AH3HHH H Ben cy My ,[(OAa3HAH
y rrOMon. CTOra je HHKOAa 6HO rrpHCHlbeH ,[(a 6e>KH, a KHe3
284J\ a3ap
. 36or paHe OCTao MHOro ,[(aHa y KpeBeTy. K a,[( Je
Je
KojeM ce HMa3HO, 3aMHCAH ce MMO KY,[(a 6H ce KpeHYo ,n;a
rrOTpa>KH crraca. Y,n:y6POBHHK HHje XTeo,[(a o,n;e, jep ce HH­
HH je rroY3,[(aBao Y Taj rpa,[( 360r HeMHAocp,n;Hor paTa KOjH je C
:a,HM BO,[(HO, Ma,[(a je Ta,[(a BAa,[(ao MHp Mel)y :a,HMa, Ben ce
rrOBpaTH HaTpar H yl)e y CBOj TBpJ(H rpM Y>KHue. Ka,[( je 0
TOMe 6HO 06aBeIlITeH KHe3 J\a3ap, CMeCTa rrOXHTa TaMO ca
CBOjOM BOjCKOM H orrce,[(He ra. IlOIlITO je Ha pa3He Ha'IHHe
jypHIlIao Ha rpa,[(, a HapO'IHTO BaTpoM, :a,eroBH ce 6paHH­
OUH, Ka,[( BHIlIe HHCY MOrAH O,[(OAeBaTH, rrpe,[(a,[(OIlIe. VI Ta­
KO rraKOCHH HHKOAa 6H 3ap06lbeH ca CBOM CBOjOM HMOBH­
HOM. Kao 3ap06lbeHHK 6HO je rrpe,[(aH Ha 'IYBa:a,e HeKoj
KHe3ila3ap
BAaCTeAH, CMPTHHM CBOjHM HerrpHjaTelbHMa. fbHXOB rro­ 3apo6u U
rAaBap je 6HO CTecpaH MycHn, KOjH My je, rro TajHoM o,n;o- OCllenu
6pe:a,y KHe3a J\a3apa, ,n;ao HCKorraTH O'IH. TaKo CAerr, 60- HUKOJf.Y A.ll.­
paBHO je HeKO BpeMe y je,[(HOM MaHaCTHpy; KacHHje, HAYnH mOMaHoBuna.
o,n; MeCTa ,n;o MeCTa, Ha Kpajy ce rroByqe y 3eT)' KO,n; BM­
IlIHHHX CHHOBa ,n;a 6H KO,[( lbHX HeKaKO >KHBOTapHO. Ty je
3aBpIlIHO cBoje ,n;aHe 1374. ro,n;HHe. Ha Taj Ha'IHH HHKoAa
AAToMaHoBHn, KOjH HHKa,[(a HHje XTeO >KHBeTH y MHpy H
rrpHjaTelbCTBY HH C KHM, 6eIlIe Ka>KffieH 3a cBoja 3Aa ,n;eAa.
O,n; 3eMalba H KpajeBa Koje je OH ,n;p>Kao CBaKH caBe3HHK
Y3e OHO IlITO je 6HAO Ha :a,erOBHM rpaHHUaMa, ceM Tpe6H­
:a,a, KOHaBMa H ,n:pa'IeBHue, Koje 3aY3eIlIe Ba.t\IIIHHH CHHO­
BH, Ma,[(a He Y3eIlIe yqeIlIna y OBOMe paT}'.
.

ila3ap noUlQ.lbe rrOTrryHO 03'[(paBHO, rrOCAao je rrOKAHcape yrapcKoM KPalbY,

U3ac.IlaHUKe MOAenH ra ,[(a MY rrOMorHe KaKO 6H OCBeTHO yBpeAY KOjy My

KpQ.lbY je HaHeo rrO'[(MYKAH HHKOAa, y3 06ena:a,e ,[(a ne My ,[(aTH

fEHEA.'IomKO CTA&.1lO 1iA.i1DlE,rOCnO)lAPA lETE 285
ll.yaOBWCY· ,[(eceT XHlba,[(a CPYHTH cpe6pa H ,[(a ne My y6YAYne 6HTa rro­

KopaH H BepaH cAyra. J\a3ap je rrperoBapao TaKol)e C 60­ liAJlIIlA

CaHCKHM 6aHoM TBPTKOM, KOjH je 6HO HerrpHjaTelb HHKO­

I
AHH, H MOAHO ra ,[(a My rrOMorHe y OBOM rrOJ(yXBaT)'. Yrap­

CKH Kpalb My je O,[(Max rrOCAao XHlba,lIJl KorrlbaHHKa rro,n;

T>ypalj KatlIllIIHa.lICCH8

3arrOBe,[(HHIlITBOM HHKOAe ropjaHcKor, KOjH je Ta,[(a 6HO

Kap.1a TOOJge

BocmtcKa U 6aH CpeMa, a 6aH TBPTKO je AH'IHO ,n;OIlIao ca CBOjOM BOj­

paUlKa BojcKa CKOM. 3'[(p)'2KeHH TaKO, CBH 3aje,[(HO yl)oIlIe C KHe30M J\a3a­ IiaJnna
HanaaHY
HUKOJf.Y A.ll.mo- POM y HHKOAHHY 3eMlbY H CTaBHIlIe CBe rro,[( ora:a, H Ma'I.
AHIje.nm:1I, zam i-hwllnIJa,
MaHOBuna. BH,[(enH HHKOAa ,[(a HM ce Hene MonH OAYrrpeTH HH cy­
cmra:&:pall>1! ByumBH8
rrpOTCTaBHTH, rrO'Ie ce rrOBAa'IHTH rrpeMaIlpHMopjy.Ma.[(a
je ,[(OIlIao Hajrrpe rro,n; TBp,n;H rpa,n; KA06YK, KOjH je 6HO
rrpe,n;ao Ha 'IYBa:a,e HeKoj BAaCTeAH 3BaHOj 30pKe, H rrope,n;
MHorHX ,n;06pO'IHHCTaBa Koja je 6HO yqHHHO TOj BAaCTeAH,
HHje 6HO rrpHMlbeH y yTBpl)e:a,e. IlOIlITO je BH,[(eo ,n;a je H3­
,[(aH, rrpOJ(y:>KH rrpeMa Tpe6H:a,y H KOHaBAHMa, MH HH TaMO oomua Mapa. XCe!l8 Pl\1lll1U1
CIIIIKOBa
HHje 6HO Pa,[(O rrpHMlbeH. IlOCTaBIlIH CBeCTaH rrOAO>Kaja y
354 355
 '!"""'"

BaAlllHHH CHHOBH 3arOCrrO.n:apHAH H rOpl-I>OM 3eTOM. I1CTo

286 TaKO rraAH cy y I-I>HXOBe pYKe )JyKal)HHH KOjH cy HMaAH
rPB BAJ1II]HIlA
MHOrO rroce.n:a y 3eTH. HeKe cy rroy6HjaAH, a .n:pyre 6a~HAH
y TaMHH~. npH oCBajal-I>Y OBHX H .n:pyrHx rroKpajHHa BHllle
cy ce CAy:lKHAll AYKaBCTBOM H rrpeBapaMa Hero CHAOM opy­
:acja. C Kpan,eM BYKalllHHOM cy 2KHBeAH y MHPY, jep je
1)ypal) HMao 3a :aceHY l-I>eroBY Khep MHAH~, KOjy rrOCAe 1Jypab
Ba.nw.u'1i
CMpTH Kpan,a BYKalllHHa OTrrYCTHO .n:a 6H Y3eo Teo.n:opy, H.anycmu npey
rraMeTHY H Aerry :aceHY, paHHjy cyrrpyry )KapKa MpKlllHha JlCeH.Y U OJICefiU
H ceCTpy llejaHoBHX CHHOBa llparalila H KOHCTaHTHHa. llo­ ce Teooopo.M.
Ta,l:(a y OHe KpajeBe HeKH 'IOBeK BpAO HHCKor po.n:a, rro
HUKoAa
HMeHY HHKOAa UarrHHa, KOjH je y CBOjOj MAa.n:OCTH 6HO L{anufia.
cAyra KO.n: HeKHX ,lly6pOB'IaHa. rOBOpHAO ce .n:a je pol)eH y
3eTH o.n: HeKor CHpOMalilHor 'IOBeKa H .n:a je TY HeKO BpeMe
2KHBeo. AAH KacHHje, rrOCTaBlllH BpAO rrpeBejaH H rrpe­
rrpe.n:eH, rrO'Ie ce H3.n:aBaTH 3a illHlllMaHa, CHHa 6yrapcKor
~apa MHXajAa KOjH je 3ap06lbeH y 6H~H H (KaKO peKOCMO
rope) 6HO y6HjeH o.n: PalilaHa, Te .n:a je, Ka,l:( je YMpo l-I>emB
OTa~, OCTao Tporo.n:Hllll-I>e .n:eTe ca CBOjOM MajKOM. Ha TeMe­
lby HeKHX .n:OKa3a Koje je HaBo.n:HO, HeKH cy MY BepOBaAH, a
HeKH ce HHCY .n:aAH yBepHTH. nOIilTO je, .n:aKAe, caKyrrHO
HelilTO lby.n:H, rrpel)e C I-I>HMa y BOjHH'IKOM o.n:eAY y Harrylb­
CKO Kpan,eBCTBO, y KojeM je Ta,l:(a BAa,l:(aO KPan, P06epT HAH,
KaKO HeKH BeAe, Ay.n:BHr, 6HBlllH BAa,l:(ap TapaHTa. Jep, Ka­
KO rrHllle C~HrrHOH AMHpaT, rrOIilTO je JOBaHa I, Kpan,H~a
HarrYlba, y6HAa CBora MYJKa AH.n:PHjy, rrOHOBO ce y.n:aAa 3a
rrOMeHYTor Ay.n:BHra, Ta,l:(a BAa,l:(apa TapaHTa, rrpeAerror
MAa,l:(Hha, CHHa rroKojHor <PHAHrra, P06epTOBa 6paTa. Tpa­
:acehH .n:a ra 30BY Kpan,eM ByrapcKe, UarrHHa je y.n:eCHO ce Kao
cBoje CTBapH C OHHM Kpan,eM lllTO je 60lbe Morao. 6yzapcKU lJ,ap.
1l06HBlllH o.n: Kpan,a MHoro 3a,l:(aTaKa, a rroce6HO .n:a rro­

Ba.nw.y H.a
BaAlila 0 KojeM heMo Ca,l:(a roBOPHTH 6ejalile BeOMa CH­
XBaTa HeKe l-I>erOBe o.n:MeTHHKe, TaKO je .n:06po 06aBHO
rrocao .n:a je 3a.n:06HO Kpan,eBY HaKAOHOCT, Te My je oBaj .n:ao OJICefiU ce cec­
CltOeefiCKOM. pOMalilaH 3eTCKH BAaCTeAHH H 3a :acHBOTa ~apa CTecpaHa 3a :aceHY CBOjy He3aKOHHTY ceCTpy y.n:OBH~, MajKY mpo.M fianYJb­
je3uKY 30ey .n:p:acao je caMO je.n:Ho ceAO. AAH Ka.n: je YMpo ~ap, a KaKO KapAa T06Hje, aA6aHCKOr BeAllKalila Kojera .n:pyrH 30BY CKOZ KPQJba.
Baow.a
l-I>eroB CHH YpOIil HHje 6HO Ban,aH BAa,l:(ap, rrO'Ieo je C KapAO TOKHja, Toq)Hja H TorrHja. OBaj ce PO.n:HO (KaKO BeAll 288
3e'1iaH.uH..
HeKOAHKO CBOjHx rrpHjaTelba H ca CBOjHM CHHOBHMa CTpa­ MapHH BapAe~Hje) y BeHeBeHTY. nOIilTO je HarrylbcKH
~HMHpOM, 1)ypl)eM H BaAlilOM .n:a 3aY3HMa llol-I>Y 3eTY. O.n:
KPan, rrOCAao TorrHjy y rp'IKY, oBaj je Hajrrpe 3aY3eo 3a Oceoju ZP'l.1ca
BaAlllHHHX CHHOBa CTP~HMHP je 6HO H rro .n:06pOTH H rro pa'IYH Kpan,a OCTpBa apXHrreAara, aAH HX je KacHHje 3a­ ocmpea.
BepHocTH 60lbH o.n: .n:pyrHX. 1)ypal) je 6HO My.n:ap, BeOMa .n:p:acao 3a ce6e. YXBaTHo je y AOBy H MycaKHja, Tj. I1caKa,
OIllTpoYMaH H BelilT y opy:acjy. BaAlila je 6HO .n:06pH'IHHa H H y6HO ra, KaKO rrHllle AaOHHK. 3ay3eo je TaKol)e AKa­
BpCTaH KOl-I>aHHK, aAH HHje 6HO BeAHKe rraMeTH. I:bHXOB pHaHHjy, APTY, ETOAlljy H 3eMlbY AxeAa 3aje.n:HO C EAll.n:OM, KapAo Tonuja
OTa~ .n:p:acao je Hajrrpe rpa,l:( CKa,l:(ap, KOjH cy MY rrpe.n:aAH
Te ca3H.n:ao rpa.n: Kpojy. AAH .n:a ce BpaTHMo HalileM rrpH­ nooWICe Kpojy.
287 HeKH o.n: l-I>eroBHx 6paHHAa~a, a 3aTHM OCBOjH CBY 3eTY .n:o
B aJ!w.a 3aY3.Me K
3emy.
n ..
OTopa. OCAe Tora KpeHYO Je ca CBOJHM lby.n:HMa Ha OCBa­
rroBe.n:aI-I>Y. Ka,l:( je Ay.n:BHr rrpHMeTHo BeAHKY crroc06HoCT
UarrHHe, rrOCAao ra je Ha CH~HAHjy, rra KaKO je TaMO BeOMa
1Jypaw. jal-I>e ropl-I>e 3ere, KOjy je .n:p:acao 1)ypalll I1AlljHh H l-I>erOBH .n:06po ycrreo y CBHM .n:06HBeHHM 3a,l:(a~HMa, KPan, ra je 3a
l1AUjuh, zoc­ pol)a~H. 1)ypallla y6Hllle BaAlllHHH CHHOBH, HeKe l-I>eroBe
CBora :acHBOTa BOAeo H MHOro rrOIilTOBao, Te ra .n:p:acao Ha
nooap 3eme. pol)aKe 3ap06Hllle, a OCTaAH HarryCTHlile 3eMlby. 11 TaKO cy
rrOAo:acajy KOjH je o.n:roBapao je.n:Hoj TaKBoj AH'IHOCTH. AAH
356 357
 I"
Ka,z:J: je KPan, l\y,nBHr yMpO, UarrHHa, CBeCTaH ,na HMa MHOro
HerrpHjaTeIba y Kpan,eBCTBy, HarrYCTH ra C HeKOAHU:HHOM
BojHHKa. Ka,z:J: je ,nOIIlaO y CKa,nap, TaMOIIllhH rpa:l)aHH cy
ra Pa,z:J:O rrpHMHAll, jep HM je 06ehaBao ,na he HX )"IHHHTH
rocrro,napHMa 3eTe H AA6aHHje, Koja je Ta,z:J:a 6HAa y pyKaMa
BaAIIlHHHX CHHOBa. TIOIIlTO cy TO BaAIIlHhH rrpe,noceTHAH,
,nOIIlAll cy C MHoro HaoppKaHor Iby,nCTBa rro,n ,llpa'l. Ka,n cy
OTrrO'leAll Harra,z:J:, UarrHHa je H3HIIlao H3 rpa,z:J:a ca CBOjHM
BojHHU:HMa H rrpHXBaTHO 6HTKY. Ma,na ce y TOj 6HU:H ,n06po
60PHO, 'laK je je,naH o,n lherOBHX Iby,nH 36aU:HO C KOlha 1)yp­
:l)a BaAIIlHha, He 3HajyhH ,na je TO OH, HrraK, BH,nehH BeAH­
KO MHOIIlTBO HerrpHjaTeIba Oep HX ce ,nBa,z:J:eceT 60pHAO
rrpOTHB je,nHora), 6HO je rrpHCHIbeH ,na ce rrOB)"Ie rro,n rpa,n.
Ho OHH YHYTpa, BH,nehH KaKO ce o,nBHja CTBap, 3aTBopHIIle
BpaTa, Te He rrYCTHIIle Y rpa,z:J: HH UarrHHY HH HKora ,npyro­
ra. 3aTO cy MHorH rraAH y pyKe HerrpHjaTeIbY, a ,npyrH6HAll
rroy6HjaHH. UarrHHa ce 360r Tora pa3IbYTHO H HarrYCTHO
L1.pa'l. l\YTajyhH cBy,na rro CBeTY y BOjHH'lKOM o,neAy H Tpa­
2KehH cpehy, Ha Kpajy ce rroB)"Ie y ByrapcKY. TIOIIlTO ce H
TaMO CTaAHO H3,naBao 3a lliHIIlMaHa, CHHa u:apa MHxajAa,
)TOe y EY2ap- rrO'le y3 rroMoh HeKHX TypaKa H Byrapa ,na 3aY3HMa 3eMIbY
CKY U Hacmoju H oCBaja rpa,z:J:OBe ByrapcKor Kpan,eBcTBa. Ka,z:J: je TO BH,neO
3aY3emu mo lliHIIlMaH, AAeKcaH,npOB CHH, KOjH je Ta,z:J:a BAa,z:J:aO y
KpaJbe8Cm8o. .
ByrapCKOJ, HaMHCAH ,na ra HeKaKO MaKHe C rryTa. Ca3HaB­
EY2apKa IIlH,na ce UarrHHa 3a6aBIba C HeKOM AerrOM ByrapKoM rro
P.YHa8a ompyje HMeHY ,llyHaBa, H3HIIlaO je rrpe,n lhy C BeAHKHM 06ehalbHMa
IJ,anuHy. H Ha Kpajy ycrreo ,na ra OHa oTpyje. TaKaB je CKOH'laO 6e.n-
HH UarrHHa. To je 6HAO 1373. ro,nHHe, a y HCTO BpeMe
YMpo je H CTpaU:HMHP, cTapHjH BaAIIlHH CHH, oCTaBIbajyhH
289 H3a ce6e je,nHor HejaKOr CHHa rro HMeHY 1)ypa:l). TIocAe OBO­
ra ,no:l)e y ArrYAHjy je,naH o,n Kpan,eBCKe HaBapcKe rropo,nH­
A..n.Oj3 u:e, rro HMeHY AAoj3Hje, BeOMa HCKYcaH BAa,z:J:ap H ,n06ap"
Ha8apCKU paTHHK. 02KeHHBIIlH ce BOjBOTKHlhOM Kpan,eBCKe KpBH,
JlCe.JlU 3aY3emu .
pawKO HaYMH All'lHO ,na KpeHe y rrOMeHYTH rpa,z:J: (,llpa'l), a KaCHHJe
KpaJbe8Cm80. ,na o,naTAe 3aY3Me He caMO 06AaCT 3eTe H AA6aHHje, 3a KOjy
Ka3HBaIIle ,na rrpHrra,na lheroBoj 2KeHH, Beh H PaIIlKO Kpa­
IbeBCTBO, YKOAHKO ra cpeha rrOCApKH. TIocAa, ,naKAe, HC­
rrpe,ll. ce6e y ,llpa'l IIleCT CTOTHHa Hajxpa6pHjHx BojHHKa
Koje je 6HO ,nOBeo ca C060M H3 raCKOlhe, aAH, ,nOK je JOIIl
6HO y ArryAHjH, TeIIlKO ce pa360AH H yMpe. BOjHHU:H KOjH cy
6HAll y,llpa'ly, OCTaBIIlH 6e3 Bo:l)e, CBaKo,nHeBHO cy paTO­
BaAH C KapAOM TorrHjoM H C ,npyroM aA6aHCKOM rocrro,nOM,
H HHKO ce HHje Morao MepHTH C lhHMa, jep je lhHX CTOTHHY
Bpe,neAO BHIIle Hero XHIba.n.y Ap6aHaca HAll 3ehaHa. Ka,z:J: je
TO BH,neo 1)ypa:l) BaAIIlHh, ,nOBe,ne rrpOTHB lhHX rro,n ,llpa'l
Haj60Ibe BojHHKe KOjH cy ce MorAH HahH y 3eTH H AA6aHH­
jH, BepyjyhH ,na he HX TaKO rr06e,nHTH, aAH My TO He rro:l)e
3a PyKOM. Y 60p6aMa, HaHMe, Koje je C lhHMa BHIIle rryTa
358
BO,nHO, HHKa,z:J: HHje OCTao rr06e,nHHK. Ka,n je, ,naKAe, 1)ypa:l)
rrOCTao CBeCTaH lhHXOBe CHare H yBH,neo,na 6H My OHH, aKO
ce C lhHMa HeKaKO He Haro,nH, MorAH ,nOBeCTH y rrHTalhe
CBe 06AaCTH Koje je HMao y OHHM KpajeBHMa, HHje ce XTeo
BHIIle C lhHMa oppKaHO 60PHTH, Beh O,ll.A)"IH ,na rrOKYIIla He
6H All HX HOBu:eM CKAOHHO ,na o.n.y H3 ,llpa'la. TIOIIlTO HM je,
,naKAe, y Ty CBpXy rroHy,nHO IIleCT XHIba,na cpjopHHa, OHH
CMeCTa rrpHXBaTHIIle rroHy.n.y, rra, YKpu:aBIIlH ce Ha 6po,n0­
Be, OTrrAOBHIIle rrYT POMaHHje, r,ne cy 3aY3eAH BHIIle TBP­
:l)aBa H rroKpajHHa, Koje cy rrOTOM ,np2KaAH y CBOM rroce.n.y
.n.yro BpeMeHa. Ca,na, rrOIIlTO je yMpO (KaKO je pe'leHO) Kpan,
E.ltaJIC
BYKaIIlHH, 6paha 1)ypa:!) H ,BaAIIla 3aY3eIIle je,naH ,neo MamapaH2a,
lherOBe 3eMIbe. He 3a,z:J:OBOIbHBIIlH ce HH THMe, KpeHyAH cy y 2ocnooap
paT rrpOTHB BAa2Ka MaTapaHra, rocrro,napa MycaKa, a Ka,n MycaKa.
ra HHCY MorAH opY2KaHO rr06e,nHTH, CKAOrrHAH cy C lhHMe
MHp H rrO'leAH ce rrpaBHTH Kao ,na cy My rrpHjaTeIbH. Je,n­
Hora ,naHa rr03BaAH cy ra, ,naBIIlH My Bepy, y rroceTY H 3apo6e 2a
3aCpKlhHAH ra 3aje,nHO C je,nHHM HejaKHM CHHOM, Te cy ra EQ.Jtwunu.
TaKO ,np2KaAH y TaMHHU:H CBe ,no CMpTH. lherOB CHH je 6HO
rrYIIlTeH HaKOH BaAIIlHHe CMpTH, rrOCAe ce,naMHaeCT ro,nH­
Ha CpKalhCTBa. TIOIIlTO je, ,naKAe, Ha rope pe'leHH Ha'lHH
6HO YXBaheH MaTapaHro, BaAIIlHhH cy OCBOjHAll rOTOBO
'lHTaB oHaj ,neo AA6aHHje KOjH ce rrpocTHpao ,no BaAOHe, a
y3 TO cy y POMaHHjH 3aY3eAH KaHHHY H Be0 rpa,z:J:. 3aY3eAll
6H H 3eMIbY rrpeMa ,llpaqy KOjy je ,np2Kao KapAo TorrHja ,na 290
HHCY HMaAH 063Hpa rrpeMa CBOjOj cecTpH KaTaAHHH, Koja
je 6HAa KapAoBa 2KeHa. Ma,z:J:a C lhHM HHCY paTOBaAH, HrraK
Me:l)y lhHMa HHje BAa,naAa rrpaBa Iby6aB. Jep 'lac cy 6HAll
rrpHjaTeIbH, a 'lac HerrpHjaTeIbH. 11 TaKO cy 2KHBeAH ,nOK
KapAo HHje Ha Bepy YXBaTHo 1)yp:l)a H 3aTO'lHO ra. ,llOK je
1)ypa:l) 6HO y 3aTO'leHHIIlTBY, rrOBeAH cy rrperoBope 0 Be'l­
HOM MHpy H Ka,z:J: je MHp yCAe,nHO, 1)ypa:l) je 6HO oCA060:l)eH, P.y6p081.taHU
aAH rro,n YCAOBOM ,na y6y.n.yhe YBeK 2KHBH y rrpHjaTeIbCTBY C nOMupe
KapAOM. KapAO je y TajHoCTH 3aTpa2KHO o,n ,lly6pOB'laHa ,na EQ.Jtwuna u
rrocpe.n.yjy y 3aKIb)"Ielhy rrOMeHYTor MHpa. Y Ty CBPxy, ,na­ KapAa Tonujy.
KAe, 6HO je rrOCAaH H3 ,lly6poBHHKa MaTHja By,na'lHh, KOjH rpaoo8u
HX je Me:l)yc06HO H3MHpHO. 11 TaKO cy ,nOU:HHje YBeK, CBe ,no MapKa
CMpTH, 2KHBeAH y rrpHjaTeIbCTBY H 'leCTO ce All'lHO rroce­ KpaJbe8una.
hHBaAH 6e3 HKaKBOr rro,n03pelha, BepyjyhH je,naH ,npyroMe
Kao ,na HX je HCTa MajKa po,nHAa. TIocAe CMpTH Kpan,a
BYKaIIlHHa lheroB CHH MapKO ,np2Kao je KOCTYP, OXPH,n H
Apr y MopejH. C TYPU:HMa je, rraK, y,neIIlaBao cBoje o,nHoce
HerrpeKH,nHO HX 'lacTehH H rrpH,n06HjajyhH rrOKAOHHMa.
KaKO TO HHje Morao TprreTH BaAIIlHH CHH BaAIIla, rro:l)e C
BOjCKOM rro,n KOCTYP C HaMepOM ,na My ra 0.n.y3Me. Y TO
BpeMe 6HAa je y rpa.n.y MapKOBa 2KeHa JeAeHa, Koja je 6HAa
KhH KAarreHa, rrpBor BeAHKaIIla y rp'lKoj. A KaKO ce OHa MapKa 8apa
JlCeHa JeAeHa.
rrOHeKa,z:J: Iby6aKaAa C ,npyrHM Iby,nHMa, lheH My2K MapKO jy
359

je Mp3eO. CTOra, nOlilTO je BaAlila ,n:OIllaO C HaMepOM ,n:a
npeBapJI, nOqe C l:bOM nperoBapaTJI KaO ,n:a ne je Y3eTJI 3a
)KeRY, a oTnycTJITJI CBOjy npBy )KellY, Knep oeorpa,n:CKor
,n:ecnOTa, aKO My npe,n:a rpa,n:. OHa je Ha TO npJICTaAa JI ny­
CTHAa ra y rpa,n: C qJITaBOM BOjCKOM, TaKo,n:a 3arocn­
o,n:apJIo rpa,n:oM. je TO ca3Hao MapKO, CMeCTa je ,n:OIllao
C MHoro TypaKa JI CBOjJIX no,n:aHJIKa no,n: KoCTyp JI onceo
rpa,n:, nOlilTO ra Huje Morao 3aY3eTJI Ha jYPJIlil. OoaBelilTeH
o TOMe, BaAIllUH opaT OypaO CaKYnu IllTO je BUlile Morao
BojcKe, Te KpeHe nyT KocTypa y nOMon. opaTY. BJI,n:enu,
,n:aKAe, MapKo ,n:a ce COHO MaAO lbY,n:U IllTO je JIMaO ca
BQ.Jlutunu b. • cy y MaHaCTJIpy, y npucyCTBy MHorux .n:y6pOBaqKUX nAe­
3ay3.M.y Komop. COOOM Hene MOllJI O,n:ynpeTU, CKJIHe onca,n:y JI o,n:e. TaKO Je
OUO OCAOOooeH BaAIlla, KOjJI je nOBeO C060M y 3eTy HOBY
)KellY. MJI nOlilTO HJIje Morao no,n:HOCUTJI l:beH HeqaCTaH
)KUBOT, Hajnpe je oaUJI y TaMHUny, a 3aTJIM OTnyCTJI Ha
BeAilKY cpaMOTy' IToMeHYTJI BaAlilUnJI rpaHJIqUAJI cy ce C
BQ.Jlutunu rpa,n:OM KOTOPOM U MHoro cy )KeAeAil ,n:a 3arocno,n:ape TUM
liacmoje 3azoc- rpa,n:oM. A KaKO JIM TO HJIje nOAa3JIAO 3a PYKOM, jep je rpa,n:
nooapumu OJIO yTBPoeH U ,n:OOpO 6pal:beH, CBaKo,n:HeBHo cy xapaAU no
KomopoM. . b.
291 l:beroBoM no,n:pyqJY JI Ha CBe Morylle HaqJIHe KJIl:bUAU
l:beroBe rpaOaHe KOjJI 6JI JIM na,n:aAU Y pYKe, He OU Ail JIX
CpliaHocm npUBOAeAil,n:a JIM ce nOTqJIHe JI ,n:a JIM nAanajy ,n:aHaK.
KomopaHa. MJI, U nope,n: CBera, TO HJIKaKO He ycnelile OCTBapJITJI. Jep
cy KOTOpaHJI, KOju cy JEeK, U y HajHenoBolbHujUM npUAil­
KaMa, nOKa3JIBaAU BeAilKY O,n:Ba:>KHOCT, OHAU O,n:AyqHAJI ,n:a
pa,n:JIje Tpne CBe MyKe Hero ,n:a ce nOTqJIHe l:bJIXOBOj BAaCTJI
HAU JIX npu3Hajy y 6JIAO KojeM norAe.n:y 3a rocno,n:ape. 3aTo
cy rOTOBO JEeK OJIAil y HenpeKil,n:HoM paTY C l:bUMa, na
Ma,n:a cy ce nOHeKa,n: y HeqeMY cnopa3yMeBaAU, MaAO Kac­
Huje 6JI nOHOBO KPIllJIAJI CKAOnlbeHe cnopa3YMe U nOCTaja­
AU ropJI HenpJIjaTelbJI Hero npe. 11 TaKO, ,n:aKAe, )KUBenU y
OBaKBOM HenpeKu,n:HOM MeOYCOOHOM HenpujaTelbCTBY, ,n:e- .
CJI ce ,n:a je HUKOAJI MTOMaHOBJIny (KaKo je peqeHo} 6HAa
0.n:y3eTa CBa 3eMlba KOjy je ,n:p)Kao. ITOlilTO cy y l:by 6HAe
YKIbyqeHe TpJI nOKpajJIHe, Tj. Tpeoul:be, KOHaBAil U ,llpaq:e­
Buua, Koje cy OJIAe Ha rpaHJIuaMa BaAIllJIna, Te nOKpajJIHe
cy 3aY3eAil OHJI JI cMaTpaAU cy ,n:a JIX je MHOro OIllTeTJIO
oocaHcKil oaH TBPTKO, KOjU je 6JIO 3aY3eo ,n:pyre HJIKOAuHe
nOKpajJIHe. Jep, KaKO cy OBe nOKpajJIHe 6JIAe 3aBUCHe o,n:
PalilKor Kpan,eBCTBa, rOBOpaxy ,n:a C BJIlile npaBa npuna­
,n:ajy l:bJIMa, KOjJI cy OUAJI BeAilKaIllJI OHora Kpan,eBCTBa JI
pooauu Kpan,eBa KOju cy noce,n:OBaAU TO Kpan,eBCTBO, Hero
TBPTKY, KojJI HJIje UMao C l:bJIMa HUKaKBe Be3e. lbUMa
TBPTKO o,n:roBapao ,n:a l:beMY npuna,n:ajy JI nOMeHYTe no­
KpajJIHe JI qUTaBO KpalbeBCTBO, jep je OH nOpeKAOM no
)KeHcKoj A03JI o,n: paIllKUX Kpan,eBa. Ho KaKO ce HJICY MO­
rAil CAO)KJITJI, ,n:oroBOpJIlile ce ,n:a ce caCTaHY C MaAOM
npaTl:bOM Ha HeKOM CJIryPHOM MeCTy He OU AJI npOHalilAil
360
--
HeKJI HaqUH ,n:a U3rAa,n:e HecyrAaCJIue U He YOY y paT. 113a­ J!.y6poeHwc,
OPaAU cy, ,n:aKAe, rpa,n: Jly6POBHJIK, ,n:a npe,n: .n:yOpOBaqKOM M.ecmo
rocno,n:OM pelile MeOYCOOHe cnopOBe. OYPaO BaAIllJIn ce peutaeafba
cnopoea.
yKpUao no,n: YAUJIl:beM y raAJIjy KOjy je ,n:06po HaopY)Kao JI
CaKpJIO y l:beRY YTpo6y MHoro lby,n:JI, HaMepaBajynu ,n:a BaH TepmK:o u
YXBaTJI 6aHa TBpTKa. HaJIMe, OH je 3Hao ,n:a ne ce caCTaTU 1}ypao BQ.Jl­
Ha OCTPBY i\OKPYMY, Koje ce HaAa3U npe,n: rpa,n:OM )ly6POB­ utun oooy y
HUKOM. MU ce He OCTBapJI oBaj l:beroB HaYM, jep .n:yOpo­
BaqKa rocno,n:a, OHAO ,n:a cy 0 TOMe OHAa 06aBelilTeHa, 6JIAO
,n:a cy HelilTO TaKO cAYTJIAa, JI caMa cy ,n:OOpO HaopY)KaAa
je,n:HY CBOjy raAUjy Koja je ,n:OBeAa TBpTKa Ha TO OCTpBO. Ty
Muna, nperoBapaAU 0 CBOjUM nOCAOBUMa. Ho oy.n:ynJI ,n:a ce
HUKaKO HJICY MorAU Haro,n:JITJI 300r rope HaBe,n:eHUX pa3­
Aora, BpaTJIAil cy ce U je,n:aH JI ,n:pyrJI KYnJI. HelilTO KaCHJIje
Tpe6ul:be, KOHaBAU U ,llpaqeBJIua O,n:MeTRYlile ce o,n: BaA­ 292
Illuna U nOTqJIHJIlile 6aHY TBPTKY. BJI,n:enJI TBPTKO ,n:a je BaH Tepm/Co
JI3yMpAa KYna HeMal:bJIna y PalilKoj Te ,n:a l:beMY npuna,n:a npOanauteH 3a
TO Kpan,eBCTBO, Y3e HaCAOB JI Kpan,a PaIllKe, 0 qeMY neMo K:paJba
PJbautK:e.
y OBOj Kl:bJI3U nOCAe OnIllUpHJIje paCnpaBlbaTJI Ka,n: 6y,n:eMo
roBOPJIAil 0 60caHcKuM BAa,n:apJIMa. Ka.n: cy BaAIllJInJI q:yAU
3a OBO o,n:MeTHJIlilTBO, caKYnUBIllJI BOjCKY o,n: ,n:eceT XJIlba,n:a
lbY,n:U, npOOOlile C KapAOM TOnJIjoM npeKO OHorolilTa U
npo,n:pelile CBe ,n:o HeBecul:ba, YHUlilTaBajynJI orl:beM JI Ma­
qeM CBY TBPTKOBY 3eMlbY, a 3aTUM ce BpaTJIlile y 3eTy HO­
cenJI nAeH. TpJI Meceua nOCAe Tora, 13. jaHyapa 1379.
ro,n:JIHe, yMpe y CKa,n:py oypal) BaAIllJIn. lberoBa CMpT 03­ CMpm 1}ypoa
BQ.Jlutuna.
6JIlbHO je ,n:onpJIHeAa nponaCTU 3eTe, qJIje cy rpaHJIue y
CTapa BpeMeHa OHAe Ha nAaHUHaMa BeAilKUX Mna. ,.....~,,~.~ rpaHUlJe
nOCAe CMPTU CTpaUUMJIpa U DYPoa ,n:ooe Ha BAaCT l:bJIXOB U3.M.eoy 3eme
MAaOJI opaT BaAlila. OH HJIje OJIO BeAUKe naMeTJI, aAU ce u PautlCe.
< CBOjUM AUqHUM jYHalilTBOM U UCKYCTBOM cBoje opane o,n:p­
)Kao Ha BAaCTU HeKO BpeMe. IToHeKa,n: je 60paBJIO y 3eTU, a
nOHeKa,n: y POMaHJIju, OKO Beorpa,n:a. ITOlilTO ce AnYAiljcKo
Kpan,eBCTBO HalilAO y TeIllKJIM HenpJIAilKaMa ,n:OAaCKOM
cppaHnycKor BojBo,n:e o,n: AH)KJa, JI Ka,n: je Taj BojBo,n:a yMpO
y BapJIjy, a KPan, KapAO 6uo y6JIjeH y YrapcKoj, BaAlila
3aY3e rpa,n: ,llpaq U l:berOBe TBpOaBe. Y TO BpeMe ,n:ooe Be­ BQ.Jluta
AUKa TypCKa BojcKa ,n:o Beorpa,n:a y POMaHJIju U HaBaAU Ha 3ay3M.e J!.pali.
BaAIllJIHY 3eMlbY, Te noxapa je,n:aH l:beH ,n:eo. Ka,n: je TO
,n:03Hao BaAIlla, O,n:Max KpeHe JI3 ,llpaqa He qeKajynJI ,n:a
caKYnJI MHOro lby,n:CTBa, na ca XUlba.n:y KOl:baHJIKa ,n:a,n:e ce
y nOTepy 3a TYPuJIMa. By.n:ynu ,n:a cy OHU 6UAJI ,n:aAeKO
6pOjHJIjJI o,n: 3enaHa, BaAlilY je l:beroBa BAacreAa caBeTO­
BaAa ,n:a U30eraBa 6JITKY ,n:OK He caKYIIu jaqy BOjCKY. Ho
OH, KaKO je 6JIO BeOMa o,n:Ba:>KaH, He XTe nOCAYIllaTJI ,n:06ap
caBeT KOjJI cy My ,n:aBaAU HU BO,n:JITU paqYHa 0 onaCHOCTU
361

KOJOJ ce H3Aarao, HerO je AOHeo 0,ZI,Ay.Ky Aa YAapH Ha He­
caM 1)ypal), Aa 6H H36erao lbHXOB 6ec, BHAeBlIlH Aa ce He
npHjaTeIba. 3aMeTHYBlIlH, AaKAe, 6HTKY KOA peKe BojYlIle,
M01Ke C lbHMa MepHTH, cHa6Aeo je cBoje rpa,u,oBe noca,u,aMa
Y nOKpajHHH 3BaHOj rpeKOT H Ha IlonoBoM nOIbY Koje ce
H ApyrHM nOTpe6HHM CTBapHMa, Te je n06erao y YAl1,Hlb.
HaAa3H Y nOMeHYToj nOKpajHHH, 6H nopruKeH 0,11, TypaKa H
OAaTAe qeCTHM nOCAaHCTBHMa H MHorHM AapoBHMa 0,11,0­
y6HjeH Y 60p6H. Y TOj 6m.l.H 60PHO ce BeOMa xpa6po 3a­
6POBOIbH TypKe H 3aKIbyqH c lbHMa MHp. To 6elIle 1386.
jeAHo C HeKHM CBOjHM IbY,11,HMa H 3aMaAO Aa HHje H3Ap1KaO
roAHHe. He ,u,yro nOCAe Tora, H 1)ypal) ce npeceAH C OBor
Typ!1,u y6ujy Hana,u, HenpHjaTeIba, qHjH ce 6poj neo Ha neT XHlba,u,a H 0,11,
CBeTa. HaKoH lberOBe CMpTH BAa,u,ao je y 3eTH lberOB CHH
O~Z::~}:f':~a KOjHX cy MHOrH TY H3rHHj'AH. 11 C BaAlIIHHe CTpaHe naAO
BaAlIla, nOlIlTO cy rojKo H I1BaHHlIl YMPAH jOlIl 3a OqeBa
MBa/iUUta, HX je MHoro, a HeKH cy 6HAH 3ap06IbeHH. Mel)y OCTaAHM
CUHa lCpa.!ba 6HO je y6HjeH lherOB BojBoAa 1)ypal) KpBaBqHh, npaBH jy­
BYlCaUtuHa. HaK, H I1BaHHlIl, CHH KpaIba BYKalIlHHa. BaAlIlH Typl1,H
293 OAceKOlIle rAaBY H OAHecOlIle Je . K '
apHJaTHHY, TypqHHY KOJH.
je Ap1KaO Te AeAoBe MaKeAoHHje H POMaHHje (POMeje) y
HMe TYpcKor cYATaHa MypaTa. BejalIle TO 1383. rOAHHe.
BaAlIlY 0 KOMe je peq H lheroBa 6paTa CTpal1,HMHpa Jly­
6pOBqaHH, 360r MHorHX A06poqHHCTaBa Koja cy 0,11, lhHX
npHMHAH, YBpcTHlIle Mel)y BAacTeAY cBoje peny6AHKe, a H3
1ly6poBHHKa je 6HO nOCAaH nOKAHCap MapHH UpHjeBHh Aa
HM TO caonlIlTH H qeCTHTa. BaAlIIHHa 1KeHa no HMeHY Ka­
1) ao HHHa, 1KHBIbalIle y Beorpa,u,y, HarOAHAa ce nOCAe CMpTH
YP
CmpalJUMUpOB CBora My1Ka C
Tl1,HMa,
yp ' .
KOJe Je HenpeKHAHO AapOBaAa.
OC.1W600eH U BaAlIIHHa CMpT 6HAa je pa3Aor oCA06al)alba CTpal1,HMH­
nocmaHe 2OC­ pOBor CHHa 1)ypl)a, KOjH je 6HO 3aTBopeH y ApaqKoj TBP­
nooap 3eme. 360r HeKe cBoje HenOKopHOCTH KOjy 6HO HcnOIbHO y
3eTH, a H 360r Tora lIlTO cy ce 60jaAH Aa 6H Morao 3aY3eTH
Ap1KaBY 3eTe, jep je 6HO BeOMa naMeTaH MAa,u,Hh H MHOro
HacTpaH. OTHlIlaBlIlH 1)ypal) y 3eTY, 6HO je npHMIbeH 3a
rocnoAapa, MaAa My ce HeKH H3 rOplbe 3eTe H 0,11, UPHO­
jeBHha HHCY nOKOpHAH, npeTBapajyhH ce Aa npH3Hajy 3a
CBora rocnoAapa 60caHcKor 6aHa TBpTKa. 1)ypal) y nOqeT­
KY He xTeAe BOAHTH 0 TOMe MHoro paqyHa. AAH npeA­
oceTHBlIlH Aa My HHKOAa H AHAPHja CaKeT, 3eTCKa BAac-
1)ypao oc.nenu TeAa H BpAO naMeTHH H OlIlTPOYMHH IbYAH, 1KeAe 0,u,y3eTH
HUICOAY U Ap1KaBY, caonlIlTH CTBap JlyKal)HHHMa, Te HX no lhHXOBOM
AHOpUjy caBeTY YXBaTH H HapeAH Aa HM ce HCKonajy OqH. HelIlTO
CalCema.
KacHHje ,11,0 HecyrAaCHl1,a H ca JlyKal)HHHMa. KaKO HX
ce MHOro 60jao, Y3eo je 3a 1KeHY Khep palIlKor KHe3a i\a­
3apa no HMeHY )lecnHHa, Koja je paHHje 6HAa 1KeHa MOA­
AaBCKor KHe3a llIHlIlMaHa, na je TaKO nOCTao MohHHjH. Ho
ynPKOC TOMe ce ycyl)HBao Aa ce o,u,ynpe Typl1,HMa. Jep
Ka,u, HX je AOlIlAO neT XHIba,u,a, npera3HAH cy qHTaBY AA­
6aHHjy H MycaKe CBe ,11,0 )lpaqa; npOlIlAH cy H npeKO 3eTe
TYPlJU OTl.Jba'i­
lCajy 3emy. H npeKO nOAPyqja BYABe, Bapa H CKaApa, a HeKH 0,11, lbHX
cTHrolIle CBe ,11,0 OCTpora, 6AH3Y OHorolIlTa y roplhoj 3eTH.
Ty cy 3ap06HAH BeAHKO MHOlIlTBO Ap6aHaca H CAoBeHa
jeAHor H Apyror nOAa H OABeAH HX y ponCTBo, a OHe Koje
HHCY MOrAH BO,11,HTH C060M OKPYTHO cy noy6HjaAH, jep HHje
6HAO HHKora KOjH 6H ce YCYAHO Aa HM ce o,u,ynpe. qaK H
362
-'
1386.
294
CMpm
1)ypoa Cmpa­
lJUMUpOBuna.
1KHBOTa. IloMeHYTH BaAlIIa nOCAe HenyHy roAHHY AaHa BAaoa
3aY3e CKaAap, aAH 6e3 TBpl)aBe, a OCBOjH H qHTaBO nOA­ OaAUta.
pyqje 3eTe, ceM peqeHe TBpl)aBe, Koja je OCTaAa MAeqaHH­
Ma. tbHMa je lberOB OTal1, 6HO Aao nOMeHyTH rpa,u, CKa,u,ap
H jeAaH Aeo cBoje 3eMIbe, jep caM HHje BHlIle Morao oAoAe­
BaTH Hana,u,HMa TypaKa, C KojHMa cy MAeqaHH qeCTO pa­
TOBaAH, aAH cy HnaK YBeK oCTajaAH n06eAHHl1,H. KaA je,
AaKAe, BaAlIla Ha oBaj HaqHH 3aY3eo 3eTY, MAeTaqKa BAa,u,a
nOCAa HeKOAHKO raAHja nOA 3anoBeAHHlIlTBOM MapHHa Ka­
paaeAa. )leAoM HOBl1,eM, a AeAOM lIlHpOKHM 06ehalbHMa, OH
OaAUta c
YAecH CTBapH MAeqaHa TaKO Aa je BaAlIla ca CBOjOM Maj­
MajlCoM no6e2­
KOM HMao jeABa jeAaH AaH BpeMeHa Aa n06erHe H3 3eTe. 11 He us 3eme.
TaKO cy MAeqaHH 3arocnOAapHAH qHTaBOM JyJKHOM 3eToM
ca CBHM lheHHM rpa,u,oBHMa.
KacHHje, 1413. rOAHHe, BaAlIIa 3aA06Hje HaTpar Haj­
BehH Aeo 3eTe KOjH cy AP1KaAH MAeqaHH. To HM ce CBe
AeCHAO 360r Heonpe3HoCTH jeAHor lbHXOBor KaneTaHa Kora
cy Ap1KaAH y CKaAPY, HeKor BeHeAeTa KOHTapHHHja, APC­
Kor qOBeKa, KOjH je 6HO HapeAHo Aa ce n06Hjy HeKH He­
AY1KHH 3ehaHH. MAeTaqKa ce BAa,u,a HnaK HaroAHAa C BaA­ MneliaHU
1Il0M H BpaTHAa My qHTaBO OHO nOAPyqje Koje je npe AP­ 3ay3.My OOl-bY
1Kao lberoB OTal1,. AAH nOHOBO 1419. roAHHe y MeceI1,Y Map­ 3emy.
TY, nOAcTaKHyT 0,11, jeAHor CBor pol)aKa , CTecj:JaHa Mapa­
Cmecj>aHO
MOHTea H3 AnyAHje, KojH je AOl1,HHje nOCTao rocnoAap Up­ MapMOHme,
He rope H 0,11, Kojera cy npOHCTeKAH UpHojeBHhH, BaAlIla 20cnooap
Aol)e C BOjCKOM nOA CKa,u,ap. AAH He yqHHH HHlIlTa ceM lJpHe rope.
lIlTO OnIbaqKaO HeKe ,u,y6pOBaqKe TproBl1,e KojH cy ,11,0­
Aa3HAH H3 PalIlKe. To HHje nponYlIITao HH AOl1,HHje Ka,u, roA
6H ce HaMepHo Ha HeKor Jly6pOBqaHHHa. MAeqaHH cy ra
6HAH TaKO oCAa6HAH H oPY1KaHo H lbera AHqHO, Aa je 1421.
roAHHe 3aKIbyqHO C lbHMa npHMHpje. 113 3eTe je OTHlIlao y
PalIlKY CBOMe yjaKY AecnoTY, OCTaBHBlIlH YMecTo ce6e pe­
qeHOr CTecPaHa MapaMOHTea. Ho 6y,u,yhH je KpeHj'o H3 3e­
Te C rp03HHl1,OM, qHM je CTHrao y PalIlKY npeceAHo ce y OaAUtUHa
CMpm.
BeqHOCT, MeCel1,a anpHAa nOMeHyTe rOAHHe. KaA je Mapa­
MOHTe qyo 3a lheroBY CMPT, CMeCTa je npelIlao y AnyAHjy. J{ecnom
TOM npHAHKOM MAeqaHH O,11,Max 3aY3elIle qHTaBY 3eTY, aAH Cmecj>aH yoe c
KpaTKO BpeMe oCTa,u,e y lhHXOBHM PYKaMa. HaHMe, AecnoT BOjCICOM y
3emy.
CTecPaH, CHH KHe3a i\a3apa, HCTe rO,11,HHe Ka,u, je YMpo BaA­
lIla YlIlao je C MHOro BojcKe y 3eTY, na jy je OAMax 3aY3eo 295
363
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ca CBHM OHHM lIlTO joj je rrpHIIa,n:aAO. TIO,n: BAaIIIny
MAe'IaHa cy OCTaAH CaMO rpa,n:OBH CKa,n:ap, 6e3 OKOAHOr
rro,n:pyqja, H YAliHlb C Ey,n:BOM. Ho Ha Kpajy je 3aKlbyqHo
rrpHMHpje C MAe'IaHHMa. Ka,n: je rrpHMHpje KacHHje, KpajeM
1422. ro,n:HHe, HCTeKAO, rrOHOBO OTrrO'IeIIIe paToBaTH. 360r
Tora je ,n:ecrrOT CTecpaH rrOCAao y 3eTy, rro,n: 3arrOBe,n:HHIII­
Macapax:, 80j­
TBOM BojBo,n:e MacapaKa, CBOjy BOjCKY, Koja je 6HAa Ben
80da decnoma
,n:OBeAa y KpajHY orraCHOCT o,n:6paHy CKa,n:pa. Mel)YTHM,
CmecjJaHa,
MAe'IaHH cy OTKAOHHAH OBe TeIIIKone 3axBaIbyjynH HOBUY
KOjHM cy rrOTKYrrHAH HeKe H3 3eTe H PaIIIKe, Te je rrOMe­
HYTa B~CKa ,n:ecrrOTa CTecpaHa y Meceuy ,n:e~eM6py 6HAa
pa36HjeHa. Ta BojcKa ce HaMepHO pa36e)KaAa KYnaMa rro­
IIITO ce BenH ,n:eo TIaIIITpoBHna H TIaMaAHOTa o,n:MeTHYO.
CAe,n:ene, rraK, ro,n:HHe y Meceuy Majy KpeTe y 3eTy 1)y­
pal) ca CBOjOM BOjCKOM H C BOjCKOM CBora yjaKa ,n:ecrrOTa,
Te ce 3aYCTaBHO H3Mel)y CKa,n:pa H CB. Cpl)a. MAe'IaHH ca
HeKOAHKO CBOjHX raAHja HCKp~aIIIe y 3eTY BOjCKY Koja ce,
HarrpaBHBIIIH HeKa yrropHIIITa H 3aKAOHe, YTa60pHAa y CB.
Cpl)y H Ty OCTaAa HeKO BpeMe 6e3 HapO'IHTOr ycrrexa. Ka,n:
je TO BH,n:e MAeTa'IKH ceHaT, OMyqH ,n:a 3a.KlbyqH MHp C ,n:e­
crrOTOM H ,n:ecrrOTOBHM ceCTpHneM 1)ypl)eM, H rrope,n: Tora
IIITO cy TIaIIITpoBHnH, KOjH cy 6HAH Ha MAeTa'IKoj CTpaHH,
HacTojaAH ,n:a ,n:o lbera He ,n:ol)e. ,llo~HHje, 1425. ro,n:HHe,
,n:ecrrOT ce o,n:pe'Ie 'IHTaBe 3eTe Koja je 6HAa rro,n: lberoBoM
BAaIIIny y KOPHCT cecTpHna 1)ypl)a. 1)ypal) je yrryTHo rro
MAeTa'IKoj BAa,n:H, Te je OHa CAe,n:ene ro,n:HHe rrpeKO CBOjHX
rrOKAHCapa 3aKlbyqHAa C lbHMe MHp y3 06aBe3Y ,n:a ne My
ro,n:HIIIlbe ,n:aBaTH XlI1ha,lly ,n:yKaTa 3a rpa,n: CKa,n:ap. l1cTe
MJle4.aHU wa­
Jby nOlUlucape ro,n:HHe y Meceuy aBrycTy 1)ypal) je ca CBOjOM )KeHOM H ,n:e­
'Bypoy ~OM KpeHYo H3 PaIIIKe H ,n:OIIIao y 3eTY, y KOjy je ,n:oIIIao H
BYX:08Uhy.
CTecpaH MapaMoHTe, rr03BaH o,n: HeKHX H3 3eTe ,n:a y lbOj
rrpeY3Me BAaCT. ,llorrAoBHBIIIH H3 ArryAHje je,n:HHM ,n:y6POB-'
a'IKHM 6PO,n:OM, HCKp~ao ce rro,n: TIaIIITpoBHnHMa. TIPHAH­
KOM OBora lberOBa ,n:OAaCKa, HeKH o,n: lberOBHX rrpHCTa­
AH~a, HapO'IHTO PaIIIaHH, yqHHHIIIe KO,n: 1)ypl)a pl)aBY
yCAyry ,lly6pOB'IaHHMa, TaKO ,n:a ce OH 6HO pa3japHo Ha
lbHX. Ho ,lly6pOB'IaHH cy ra HerrpeCTaHO CMHpHBaAH H o6a­
CHrraAH lby6a3HoIIIny H YCAyraMa, jep je OH H 3aCAJ)KHBao
,n:a ra Aerro rAe,n:ajy H rrOIIITyjy. HaHMe, H OH H lberOB OTa~
YBeK cy 6HAH rrpHjaTelbH rpa,n:a ,lly6poBHHKa H yseK cy
Aerro rrocTyrraAH C ,n:y6pOBa'IKHM TprOB~HMa. 11 BHIIIe rryTa
296 cy ,lly6pOB'IaHH )KeAeAH ,n:a 1)ypal) ,n:ol)e y ,lly6pOBHHK, a TO
je )KeAeO H caM 1)ypal). TIOIIITO je, ,n:aKAe, y TO BpeMe 1)ypal)
4y6p084.aHU 6HO rocrro,n:ap 3eTe, a ceM Tora caBAa,n:ap y PaIIIKoj H ,n:ec­
WQJby 'Bypoy rrOTOB HaCAe,n:HHK, ,lly6pOB'IaHH My rrOCAaIIIe rrOKAHCape
U3aCltaHux:e. MapHHa lIlHMYHoBa PacTHna H MapHHa J aK060BOr fYH,n:y-
AHna. 1)ypal) HX je pa,n:o rrpHMHo H ,n:ao HM cp,n:a'IHy ay,n:H­
jeH~Hjy. 11 Ma,n:a je rrpe 6HO Y3HeMHpeH ,n:OAaCKOM pe'IeHOr
364
CTecpaHa MapaMOHTea, Kao H H3BeIIITajeM HeKHX PaIIIaHa
H ,n:pyrHx HerrpHjaTelba ,lly6pOB'IaHa KOjH cy orrTY)KHBaAH
,lly6pOB'IaHe ,n:a cy Ha je,n:Hoj CBOjOj raAHjH ,n:OBe3AH H3 Arry-
AHje MapaMOHTea, HrraK My je 6HO MHO ,n:OAa3aK pe'IeHHX
rrOKAHcapa. OH ce Ta,n:a caM rroHy,n:H ,n:a ca CBOjOM )KeHOM H
,n:e~OM rroceTH ,lly6POBHHK, H rrope,n: Tora IIITO cy My lby,n:H
MaAO HaKAOlbeHH ,lly6pOB'IaHHMa Ha6pajaAH MHore orrac­
HOCTH KojHMa ce (aKO rrol)e y ,lly6pOBHHK) H3BpraBao HAH
Morao H3BpnH. ,lly6pOBa'IKa BAa,n:a O,n:Max My je rrOCAaAa
raAHjy C je,n:HOM CPYCTOM H HeKOAHKO Aal)a rro,n: 3arrOBe,n:­
HHIIITBOM Uopa TIaAMOTHna y rrpaTlbH MHorHX ,n:pyrHx rrAe­
MHna o,n:pel)eHHx ,n:a ce Hal)y 1)ypl)y Ha pacrrOAaralbY. JOIII
rrpe ,n:OAaCKa ,n:y6pOBa'IKe raAHje 1)ypal) je rro,n:eAHO salvum
conductum CTecpaHY MapaMoHTey. Ka,n: je ,n:orrAOBHAa ra-
AHja, 1)ypal) ce yKp~ao Ha lby ca )KeHOM, ,n:e~OM H CBHM
'IAaHOBHMa rropo,n:H~e. Ka,n: je, ,n:aKAe, CTHrao y,lly6pOBHHK,
rrpHMHIIIe ra C BeAHKHM rrO'IaCTHMa, KaKO lbera TaKO H lbe­ 'Bypao dooe y
rOBY )KeHY, KOjy cyca'IeKaAe MHore BAa,n:HKe H rrpaTHAe je 4y6p08HUX:.
3a CBe BpeMe ,n:OK je 6HAa y,lly6pOBHHKY. 1)ypal) je rroceTHO
rAaBHe ~pKBe Tora rpa,n:a H 6HO ,n:apHBaH MHorHM 60raTHM
,n:apOBHMa H o,n: ,n:p)KaBe H o,n: rroje,n:HHa~a. 3a CBe BpeMe
lberOBor 60paBKa Ty, rrpHpel)HBaHe cy BeAHKe CBe'IaHOCTH.
3aTHM cy ra ,lly6pOB'IaHH rrpeBe3AH HaTpar y 3eTY, rra Ka,n:
ce HCKp~ao Ha,n: YA~HlbeM KO,n: OrHpaHa, KpaIbeBCKH je
,n:apOBao CBe KOjH cy ra 6HAH ,n:orrpaTHAH H3 ,lly6poBHHKa.
113 3eTe ce BpaTHO y PaIIIKY, y KOjy je rrOBeo ca C060M HeKe 4pU8acm ce
H3 ,llpHBacTa, Tj. 6HCKYrra H HeKe ,n:pyre KOjH cy ce ,n:p3HyAH HaJ!a3U U3Me­
oy Cx:adpa U
,n:a ce rro6YHe rrpOTHB lbera. KOHa'IHO 1442. ro,n:HHe BOjBO­
MedYHa.
,n:a CTecpaH o,n:y3eo je MAe'IaHHMa 3eTY C EapoM, aAH HHje
OCTaAa rro,n: lberoBoM BAaIIIny ~e o,n: ro,n:HHe ,n:aHa, jep cy
je rrOHOBO 3aY3eAH MAe'IaHH. OHH cy 6HAH rAaBHH pa3Aor
rrporracTH KYne EaAIIIHna. Ka,n: ce Ta A03a caCBHM yracHAa,
rpa,n: KOTOP ce oCAo6o,n:HO BeAHKHX yrlbeTaBalba Koja je
HerrpeKH,n:Ho Tprreo o,n: rroMeHYTHX EaAIIIHna. Ma,n:a cy HM
KOTopaHH BHIIIe rryTa ,n:eAHAH MHore H 60raTe ,n:apoBe,
HrraK HHKa,n: HHCY ycrreAH ,n:eAOBaTH Ha lbHX ,n:a KOHa'IHO
o,n:ycTaHY o,n: Harra,n:a Ha lbHXOB rpa,n:. TIOIIITO je TO BeOMa 297
CTapH rpa,n: H KaKO CMO ra MHOro rryTa rrOMeHYAH, XTeo caM
,n:a OB,n:e YKpaTKO H3HeceM lberoBo rropeKAO H pa3Boj.
,llaKAe, rrpBH rpa,n: KOTOP, 3BaH ACKPHBHj, 'IHje ce py­ [JocmaHax:
Komopa.
IIIeBHHe H ca,n:a BH,n:e He MHoro ,n:aAeKO o,n: OBora ,n:pyrora
KOjH je HaCTao H3 THX pYIIIeBHHa, 6HO je CMeIIlTeH y ,n:Hy
PHcaHcKor 3aAHBa, ca,n:a 3BaHor KOTOpCKH. TIpeMa TIAH­
HHjy, TO je 6HO BpAO CTapH PHMCKH rpa,n: KOjH cy (KaKo
rrHIIIe EaATa3ap CrrAHnaHHH) PHMlbaHH 3BaAH ACKPHBHj, a
Pa3Ha lLMeHa
oH,n:aIIIlbH celba~H fy,n:POBO. MapHo HHrpo y VI. KlbH3H Komopa.
cBoje feoprpacpHje ,n:p)KenH ce TIAHHHja, Ha3HBa ra ,lle­
ryPTO. BepyjeM,n:a OBO HMe rrOTH'Ie o,n:je,n:He 06AH)Klbe peKe
365
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Koja ce JOIll H ,n;aHaC 30Be ryp,n;Hn. 0 nOCTaHKY OBor rpa,n;a
HeM a HH"Ier nOY3,n;aHor, Ma,n;a H3BeCHH Ka:lKjl ,n;a ra je
OCHOBao HeKH Hapo,n; ca CHIJ;H/mje 3BaH ACKPH, HAH (KaKO
,n;pyrH BeAe) HeKH Hapo,n; KOjH je n06erao H3 A3Hje npe,n;
HaBaAOM fpKa npHAHKOM nYCTOIllelha Tpoje H KOjH ce, no­
CAe MHoro nyCToAoBHHa no MOPY, Ty CMeCTHO. OBaj rpa,n;
Capalj,eHU y BpeMe MHxajAa, CHHa n;apHrpa,n;CKor n;apa Teo,n;opa, 860.
AC;:YM ro,n;HHe 6HO 3aY3eT H BeAHKHM ,n;eAOM CnaIheH o,n; ArapeHa
H3 KapTarHHe. OBH cy, H3a6paBIllH 3a 3anOBe,n;HHKe Co­
.t\AaHa, Ca6a H KaAcpY3a, lby,n;e HajBH"IHHje Mel.)y CBHMa pa­
THOj BeIllTHHH, yIllAH y Ja,n;paHCKO Mope C CPAOTOM o,n; TpH­
,n;eceT H IlleCT BeAHKHX Aal.)a H Ty 3aY3eAH HeKe rpa,n;OBe, a
Mel.)y OCTaAHM (KaKO nHIlle feoprHje Ke,n;peH y EnHTOMH
Capalj,eHu lheroBHx HCTopHja) By,n;BY, Poce, Tj. TBpl.)aBY Ha yAa3y y
YHUtume KOTOPCKH 3aAHB, KOjy cycpaBHHAH ca 3eMlbOM, H ACKPH­
ymep15eH:>e
Poca.
BHj, KOjH cy OTIlba"IKaAH, Te KpeHYAH nyT )ly6poBHHKa. Y
TO BpeMe HeKH o,n; npBaKa ACKpHBHja, KOjH HHCY 6HAH
npHCyTHH npH pYIllelhY CBor rpa,n;a, nOByKAH cy ce BHIlle
npeMa 3ana,n;y H no,n;HrAH je,n;HY TBpl.)aBY Ha HeKOM CTp­
MOM, no npHpo,n;H BpAO YTBpl.)eHoM nOA02Kajy, ,n;a 6H ce Ty
CKAOHHAH o,n; 6eca BapBapa, nOIllTO ACKPHBHj HHje 6HO ,n;o­
6po YTBpl.)eH. TOKOM BpeMeHa HaCTaHHAe cy ce Ty H ,n;pyre
nopo,n;Hn;e. HHje npOIllAO AYro BpeMeHa Ka,n; cy OHH H3 Ac­
KpHBHja ,n;03HaAH ,n;a je HeKa jaKa BojcKa yrnAa y BOCaHCKO
KpaIheBCTBO HaHocenH My BeAHKe IllTere, Kao H ,n;a ce cny­
IllTa ,n;OAe y npHMopCKa MeCTa. OOIllTO HX je 06y3eo CTpax,
OHH KOjH cy MOrAH CTaTH yHyTap HOBe TBpl.)aBe CKAOHHAH
cy ce TaM 0 , a ,n;pyrH (KaKO Ka2Ke BaATa3ap CTIAHnaHHH)
YKPn;aAH cy ce Ha cBoje AaI.)e H y,n;aIhHAH MaAO o,n; KonHa,
ACKpuaujYM "IeKajynH IllTO ne 6HTH C nOMeHYTOM BOjCKOM. Ta BojcKa
no Hoeo HaIllaBIllH ACKPHBHj HanYIllTeH H 6e3 HKaKBe CTpa2Ke, ,
cna.JbeH nO,n;MeTHY BaTpy. Ka,n; cy TO BH,n;eAH rpal.)aHH ACKpHBHja,
298
HanYCTHIlle ra H CBH CeM MaAOr 6poja CarAaCHO oMyqHIlle
,n;a nO,AHrHY ,n;pyrH, HOBH H "IBpIllnH rpa,n;. OOIllTO HM ce
BocaHcKU yqHHHAO ,n;a je oHaj nOA02Kaj r,n;e cy lhHXOBH cyrpal.)aHH 6H­
Komop. l-.
AH Ca3H,n;aAH HOBY TBp~aBy BpAO nOrO,n;aH 3a nO,AH3alhe
rpa,n;a, 3aY3eIlle npOCTOp O,n; MOpa CBe ,n;0 nOMeHyTe TBp­
l.)aBe, 06yxBaTHBIllH TaKO ,AeO no,n;H02Kja 6p,n;a KAOBKO, ca­
,n;a 3BaHOr AOBneH. CAyqaj je XTeO ,n;a cy y TO BpeMe YrpH
"IeCTO yna,n;aAH y BOCaHCKO KpaIheBCTBO H ,Aa cy miIlle
nyTa nOxapaAH TepHTopHjy 60caHCKor rpa,n;a KOTopa, KOjH
fepap,A Py,AHHTep y II. KlhH3H cBoje feorpacpHje Ha3HBa
BeCeKaTpO, a HaAa3H ce 6AH3Y Balhe AYKe. OAeMHnH OBora
rpa,n;a no HMeHY He,n;op, MHPOCAaB H BYKcaH, Kao H JOIll
HeKH ,n;pyrH, "Iy:BIllH ,n;a ce 3H,Aa oBaj HOBH rpa,n;, KpeHyrne
ca CBOM CBOjOM HMOBHHOM BeAHKe Bpe,n;HOCTH y 3AaTy H
cpe6py, jep je BocaHCKO KpaIheBCTBO 60raTO OBHM py,n;aMa,
366
H ,n;ol.)oIlle y PHcaH (KaKO nHIlle MHxajAo-MHXO COAHlhaHHH
y onHCY .llaAMan;Hje) , pa3rAaCHBIllH ,n;a cy ,n;OIllAH ,n;a Ty
no,n;HrHY TBpl.)aBY y KOjOj ne MonH cmypHO 60paBHTH. Ka,n;
cy TO ,n;03HaAH rpal.)aHH ACKPHBHja, n03BaIlle HX H 3aMOAH­
Ille ,n;a oHaj TPOIllaK KOjH cy HaMepaBaAH yqHHHTH pa,n;Hje
YA02Ke y H3rpa,n;lhy Ben 3anO"IeTOr lhHXOBor rpa,n;a, Te ,n;a
3,APY2KeHH 2KHBe Kao npaBH npHjaTelbH H rpal.)aHH. BocaH­
n;H, KOjH cy TO HHa"Ie 2KeAeAH, He npHXBaTHIlle O,n;Max oBaj
npeMor Ben nOCAe HeKOAHKO ,n;aHa o,n;rOBopHIlle ,n;a cy
cnpeMHH y,n;OBOlbHTH lhHXOBOM Tpa2KelhY, aAH no,n; YCAOBOM
,n;a ce HOBH rpa,n; Ha30Be HMeHOM lhHXOBe oTaI,I6HHe, Ko­
TOp. OBO HHCY npHXBaTHAH ACKpHBlbaHH, aAH ce ,n;on;HHje
(Ka2Ke COAHlhaHHH), no HarOBOpy CBor 6HCKYna, CA02KHIlle
,n;a 6an;e 2Kpe6, Te ,n;a TaKO oMyqe KOjHM HMeHOM ,n;a ce
rpa,n; Ha30Be. 11 2Kpe6 Hcna,n;e y npHAor KOTOpaHa BOCaH­
an;a. TaKO ce o,n; OHor BpeMeHa 30Be KOTOP, HanycTHBIllH
CTapo HMe ACKPHBHj H fyp,n;OBO. 11 TaKO, nOMony HMOBHHe AClCpuealj,ujYM
nOMeHYTHx BocaHan;a, OHH YTBp,n;HIlle ,n;e6eAHM 3H,n;HHaMa npOMeHUUMe
oBaj HOBH rpa,n; KOjH ca HCTOKa 3aTIlbYCKYje peKa fyp,n;Hn, C U nocmaHe
Komop.
jyra Mope, a ca 3ana,n;a peKa OapHAO. CaMYHAO ByrapHH
onyCToIllHo je OKO 999. ro,n;HHe "IHTaBY .llaAMan;Hjy. Mel.)y
OCTaAHM 3Ao,n;eAHMa Koja je H3BPIllHO, cnaAHO (KaKo Bycapu cnaJ!e
H3BeIllTaBa )lyKlbaHHH) KOTOP, Tj., CTapH ACKPHBHj, KOjH je ACKPUHUjYM.
Ta,n;a 6HO HaCTalheH HeKHM 3eMlbOpa,AHHn;HMa, Te ra ,l!aJ!MamUHCK
nOTnYHO pa30pHo 3aje,n;Ho C PHCHOM, npaCTapHM rpa,n;OM y a Kpa.JbUlj,a
KOjH ce 6HAa CKAOHHAa ,n;aAMaTHHCKa KpaIhHn;a TeYTa Teyma.
6e2KenH npe,n; PHMlbaHHMa 315. ro,n;HHe npe XpHcTa. OHH
299
KOjH cy ce cnaCAH H3 lherOBHX pYIlleBHHa ,n;OIllAH cy ,n;a ce Komop ce
HaCTaHe y HOBOM rpa,n;y KOTOPY KOjH je pYIllelheM PHcHa npotuupu
MHOro nopaCTao. l1aKo cy ce KOTOPaHH y nO"IeTKY Tpy,n;HAH YHUtumeH:>eM
,n;a 2KHBe He3aBHCHH H cA060,n;HH, HnaK cy HX HenpeKH,n;He PuCHa.
Haje3,n;e paIllKHX KpaIheBa npHCHAHAe ,n;a oCTaHY Y nOKop­ KomopaHU
HOCTH npeMa lhHMa CBe,n;o 1178. ro,n;HHe. BH,n;eBIllH KOTO­ clUtone
paHH y TO BpeMe ,n;a cy nx PaIllaHH roTOBO caCBHM nOT­ Ha2oo6y C
"IHHHAH CBOjOj BAaCTH, HaI'o,n;HIlle ce C fP"IKHM UapCTBoM, licmot'{HUM
l!apcmeoM.
Koje HX je nOTOM CHa2KHO 6paHHAo. TaKO Ka,n; je OKO 1179.
ro,n;HHe ,n;OIllao By,n;Be CHMeYH HeMalha, KpaIh PaIll­
CUMeoH
Ke, Kora rp"IKH HCTOpH"IapH Ha3HBajy CrecpaH, H noKY­ HeMa1t>a
IllaBaO Ha CBe Ha"IHHe ,n;a ce ,n;OMorHe rpa,n;a KOTopa, n;apH­ Hacmoju 3a­
zocnooapumu
rpa,n;CKH (KoHcTaHTHHonolbcKH) n;ap MaHojAo KOMHeH CMe­
KomoPQM·
CTa je nOCAao (KaKO nHIlle HHKHTa XOHHjaT y V. KlhH3H) C
BeAHKOM BOjCKOM Teo,n;opa Oa,n;HjaTa ,n;a 06y3,n;a HeMalhHHY
CMeAOCT. Ka,n; je HeMalha ca3Hao ,n;a ,n;OAa3e fpn;H, O,n;Max
HanYCTHO nO)l;yXBaT H 3aTpa2KHO H3BHlhelhe o,n; rp"IKOr n;a­
pa. OOIllTO je lhHXOBO n;apcTBo 6HO 3aY3eo CPAaH,n;PHjCKH
KHe3 BaAJJ:YHH OKO 1215. ro,n;HHe, paIllKH KpaIh CTecpaH, H
CHH CHMeYHa HeMaH:.e, 2KeAenH CHARO ,n;a nOKopH rpa,n;
KOTOP 360r lheroBor nOA02Kaja Ha MOPCKOj 06aAH, n03Ba
367
 ----......,..--
KOTopaHe ,n:a ce rrpllKAOHe PaIIIaHllMa 06aBe3yjytm ce ,n:a
he rrOIIITOBaTll lbllXOBY cA060.ny II 6paHllTll llX o,n: CBllX He­
JI.0 ICaoa rrplljaTelha. OBa IIIllpoKorpy,n:ocT PaIIIaHa HaBeAa je KOTO-
Komop ocmaoe
yjeOUlt,eH c paHe,n:a rrpllcTaHY y3 lbllX. 11 TaKO cy OCTaAll CBe ,n:o 1360.
PaWICOM. ro,n:llHe, CBe ,n:o BpeMeHa YpOIIIa, rrOCAe,n:lher Kpalba II u:apa
ll3 KYhe HeMalbllha, II CllHa u:apa CTecPaHa, Kojera ce JOIII
UEP II ,n:aHac KOTopaHll cehajy II Ha3llBajy Ha CBOM je3llKY UAP
CTJEJIAH .
"" 'CTJETIAH. TIOIIITo Je Kpalb YpOIII (KaKo peKOCMO) 3601' CBO-
OuHOCHO
CmecpaH je Ay,n:OCTll ll3ry6ll0 u:aPCTBO II OHO 6ll rro,n:elheHo ll3Meoy
'leTllpll BeAllKaIIIa, rpa,n: KOTOP cTyrrll y caBe3 C YrpllMa. A
rrOIIITO cy Yrpll 3a BpeMe CBor Kpalba i\y,n:oBllKa MapTeAa
6llAll y paTy C MAe'laHllMa 3601' ,llaAMaU:llje (KaKO ll3BeIII­
TaBajy BjOH,n:O y 10. Klhll3ll II. ,lleKa,n:e II Ca6eAllKO y 9.
Klhll3ll 9. EHea,n:e), BeTop TIll3aHo, reHepaA MAeTa'lKe cPAO -
Mn.e'<aHU Te, Orrlha'lKaO ra je II crraAllo. To je 6llAO 1368. ro,n:llHe. Ho
3ay3.My Komop. TIjeTpo 1)ycTllHllaHo, TaKooe MAeTa'lKll rrllcau:, He Ka2Ke ,n:a
ra je CrraAllO Hll caCBllM OP06ll0, jep y 1. Klbll3ll MAeTa'lKe
llcTopllje OBaKO Ka2Ke: "TIoIIIaBIIIll BeTOp TIll3aHo ca ,n:Ba­
300,n:eceT II IIIeCT raAllja rro,n: rpa,n: KOTOP, Ta,n:a rro,n: BAaIIIhy
yrapcKor Kpalba i\y,n:OBllKa, KOjll je ,n:p1Kao y lbeMY jaKY rro­
ca.ny, CTao je llcrrllTllBaTll paCrrOA01Kelbe lberOBllX CTaHOB­
HllKa, aAll My OHll o,n:rOBopllIIIe rrOHOCHO y3 rrCOBKe II rrpe­
Tlbe. Pacp,n:llBIIIll ce 3601' Tora, llCKpu:a BOjCKY II ll3BpIIIll
HeKOAllKO 1KeCTOKllX Harra,n:a. Ha Kpajy ra 3aY3e II ,n:eAoM
rrop06ll. TIocAe Tora ce rrpe,n:aAa II TBpoaBa, Te je lbeHa rro­
ca,n:a II MHOIIITBO lhy,n:ll ll3 rpa,n:a rrOIIIAO y KaAa6plljy". To
llCTO rrllIIIe 1)YAllO <I>apoA,no y MAeTa'lKllM aHaAllMa. Ta,n:a
cy)ly6pOB'laHll, Ha MOA6y yrapcKor Kpalba i\y,n:oBllKa, rro,n:
'llljOM 3aIIITllTOM je 6110 II lbllXOB rpa,n:, rrOCAaAll rroTajHo
TIeTpa rll3.ny MaA06pahaHllHa, pooeHor KOTopaHllHa, ,n:a
HaroBopll KOTopaHe Ha rroHoBHY BepHocT rrpeMa yrapcKoj
KpyHll, 06ehaBajyhll CBaKOM KOTopaHllHYKojll 6ll XTeo ,n:a<
ce HacraHll y)ly6pOBHllKY rryHy cA060.ny II rrOBAaCTllu:e, Te
,n:a he 6llTll y cBeMY ll3je,n:Ha'leH C OCTaAllM .ny6pOBa'lKHM
rpaOaHllMa. Ha TO cy KOTopaHll o,n:roBopllAll ,n:a 6ll TO BpAO
pa,n:o yqllHllAll ,n:a He Mopajy BO,n:llTll paqyHa 0 MAe'laHllMa
II ,n:a llX ce He 60je. qllM 6ll llX HeKO Tora oCA060,n:llO, OHll
6ll ce rroTpy,n:llAll ,n:a y,n:OBolhe KpalbY i\y,n:OBllKY. Ka,n: je
AHmOHUO yrapcKll Kpalb rrpllMllO oBaj o,n:rOBop, rr030Be 1369. ro,n:llHe
ct>jac/CU
y KOTOPCKll 3aAllB AHToHllja <I>jacKllja ca 'leTllpll oeHo­
007lJI.OBU y
Komopc/CU BeIIIKe raAllje rryHe BojcKe II ,n:pyre orrcKp6e, cMaTpajyhll
3aJ!UB. rroY3,n:aHo ,n:a he KOTopaHll rrocTyrrllTll rrpeMa ,n:aTOM 06e­
halbY. Mll OHll, 6llAO ,n:a HllCY Bll,n:eAll ,n:OBOlhHY rroMoh, llAll
,n:a cy 6llAll MO)K,.[{a 3a,n:p1KaHll HeKllM ,n:pyrllM orrpaB,n:aHllM
pa3AOrDM, llrraK ce He rrpe,n:a,n:OIIIe. CTora cy )ly6pOB'laHll
rro HapeoelbY Ta,n:aIIIlher 6aHa ,llaAMaU:llje II XpBaTCKe
HllKOAe Ce'la rrOCAaAll rrOHOBO y KOTOP je,n:Hor CBora rpa­
oaHllHa, KOMe cy KOTopaHll rrpll Myqelby OCaKaTHAll PYKY·
368
To je MHoro yBpe,n:llAo )ly6pOB'laHe, rra cy rrOCAaAll HeKO­ ayilpOB'WHU
AllKO CBOjllX raAllja II rrOXapaAll 'lllTaBO rro,n:pyqje KOTopa­ onycmowe
Ha. HllIIITa llM HllCY rrOMorAe rrpeTlbe Koje cy )ly6pOB'la­ ICumopcICo
noopy'1je.
HllMa yrryhllBaAll MAe'laHll, KOjll cy CKAOrrllAll Mllp C YrpOM
II rrOBpaTllAll My rpa,n: KOTOP, KOjll je OCTao y OBaKBOM o,n:­
HOCY rrpeMa YrpllMa CBe ,n:o 1384. ro,n:llHe. HaHMe, Ka,n: je
cMphy Kpalba i\y,n:oBllKa y YrapcKoM KpalbeBcTBY HaCTao
Komop nOHoao
BeAllKll MeTe1K, 60caHcKll Kpalb TBpTKo I, BHIIIe Hero 1Ke­ CJlo60owL.
lhaH ,n:a ,n:06llje rro,n: CBOjy BAaCT KOTOP, TOAllKO je pa,n:HO
KO,n: Kpalbllu:e JeAllcaBeTe II lbeHe Khepll Mapllje, ,n:a je Ha
Kpajy rrOCTllrao CBOj U:lllh, aAll llrraK C rrpHCTaHKOM caMHX
KOTopaHa, Koje je TBpTKO 6110 rrpllByKao K ce6H rrpe CBera
MHorllM ,n:apoBllMa II BeAllKllM 06ehalbllMa. KOTOP, ,n:aKAe,
oCTa,n:e rro,n: 60caHCKoM KPYHOM CBe ,n:o Kpalba OCToje. Ka,n: 301
je OCToja 6110 y paTY C XpBojeM BYK'lllheM, xepu:erOM
crrAllTCKllM II Tpll CTPBC, Tj. Bpa'la, XBapa H KOp'lYAe,
KOTopaHll cy ce ,n:p1KaAll pa,n:llje Ha CTpaHll XpBoja. OCToja
ce 3601' Tora yBpe,n:llo II HacTojao ,n:a 3arocrro,n:apll TllM rpa­
,n:OM. MeOYTllM, KaKO je OH 6110 Y caBe3Y C i\a,n:llCAaBOM,
KpalheM ArrYAllje, Kojera HeKll 30BY l\aH3llAar, a rrpoTHB
)K.llrMYH,n:a II XpBoja, ,n:orrAoBllAo je HeKOAllKO i\a,n:HcAaB­
lheBllX raAllja y UaBTaT ,n:a ce Ty cacTaHY ca CaH,n:albeM
XpaHllheM, KarreTaHOM Kpalba OCToje. OBa cy ,n:Ba Kpalba,
HallMe, 6llAa oMyqHAa ,n:a rroOY Ha oCBajalhe KOTopa: 60­
caHCKll Kpalb C KorrHa, a l\a,n:llcAaB C Mopa. TIOIIITO je Xp­
Boje 6110 06aBeIIITeH 0 OBOM lbllXOBOM KOBalhY 3aBepe,
rrpo,n:po je C BOjCKOM Y OCTOjllHY 3eMlhy. A rrOIIITO je OCToJa
6110 rrpllMopaH ,n:a rr030Be HaTpar CBora KarreTaHa CaH­
,n:alba, rra,n:e y BO.ny caB lhllXOB rrAaH KOjH cy 6llAH CTBOPHAll
Y rrorAe.ny rpa,n:a KOTopa. OCToja je BO,n:110 ,n:yrll paT C BaA­ j.Tpy?Upam
IIIllhllMa, aAll je MHoro Behll II Te1Kll 6110 oHaj paT KO;H je Komopa c
5a.;"lulUftUMCl.
BO,n:110 C rpa,n:OM )ly6POBHllKOM. Jep Ma,n:a cy y CTapa Bpe­
MeHa )ly6pOBHllK, KOTOP, Bap II YAU:lllb 6llAll Y caBe3Y. a
HapO'lllTO KOTOP II Lly6pOBHllK, 1361. ro,n:llHe, Mel:)yTHM,
,n:OIIIAO je ,n:o TeIIIKllX pa3MHpllu:a ll3Mel:)y OBa ,n:Ba rpa,n:a, H
rrope,n: lbllXOBllX 6pOjHllX PO,n:6llHCKllX Be3a, C 063llPOM ,n:a
cy ce OpOoaBaAll Kao ,n:a ce pa,n:ll 0 je,n:HOM rpa.ny. lllTaBH­
IIIe, y )ly6pOBHllKY je 6HAO, rra II ca,n:a llMa BllIIle BAaCTe­
AllHCKllX rropo,n:llu:a Koje rrOTll'lY ll3 KOTopa Hero H3 llje,n:­
/J:y6pOBa'<ICe
HOI' ,n:pyror rpa,n:a; a TO cy OBe: BeHeIIIllh, Byna, BaClllhe­ 7lJleMUnICe
Bllh, BaCKa, Bll'lllhll, KaTeHa, UpeBllh, KaAllCTll, ,lla6po, nopoou~e
,llp1Kllh, rYAeHllKO, rOAlle60, 1)opl:)llh, MeKIIIa, TIeu:alha, nOpelCJlOM U3
TIYU:llh, CopeHTe, BOArreAll II 3plljeBllh. O,n: TllX ,n:aHac 1KH­ Komopa.
Be y )ly6POBHllKY: BeHeIIIllh, Byha, BaClllheBlln, UpeBHh,
1)0pollh II TIYU:llh. Bll'lllhll II ,llp1Kllhll cy ll3ry6llAll IIAeM­
CTBO YCAe,n: HerrOCAYIIIHOCTll lbllXOBllX rrpe,n:aKa. AAll CBe TO
(KaKO peKOCMO) MaAO je rrOMorAO II HllrrOIIITO HHje o,n:Bpa­
THAO OBe rpa,n:OBe o,n: MHorllX Mel:)yc06HHX paTOBa, Bol:)eHHx
369
 r
rrOqeB o,n: 1361. ,n:o 1420. ro,n:HHe, Ka,zJ, ,n:OLlIa 0 no,n:
MAeTa'HCY BAaCT. Y3pOK H nopeKAo H:tHXOBHX
Y3pOK 11.enpuj­ TeThCTaBa 6HO je BOjHOBHh, KHe3 y:lKR'IKH, KOjH je
ameJbcnma
Py6pOB4.afW H
BAa,n:ao Ha no,n:pyqjy OKO ceM IliTO je 6HO
KomopaHCl. LUH3MaTHK, 6HO je yje,n:HO HaonaK qOBeK. Taj je 1360. ro­
,n:HHe 360r HeKe cHTHHu.e nOBeo paT npOTHB 1Iy6pOBqalIa.
11 nOIliTO HHje npeCTajao ,n:a HX CBHM CHAaMa nporoHH, OHH
cy ce Haopy:lKaAH H CnpeMHAH ,n:a My o,n:roBope HCTOM Me­
pOM. 3aTO cy 1Iy6pOBQaHH cAe,n:ehe ro,n:HHe 3aMOAHAH Ko­
Topane ,n:a HX rrOMorHY npOTHB OBora IIenpHjaTeTha H He
,n:03BOAe H3B03 COAH Y H:terOBY 3eMThy. AAH cy ce KOTopaHH
302
H3BHHHAH ,n:a TO He MOry yqHIIHTH 6e3 BeAHKe IliTeTe no
Py6pOB4.afW H:tHX. Ta,n:a cy A,v6pOBqaIIH nOCAaAH HeKOAHKO CBOjHx raAH­
YHUw.me ja ,n:a YHHIliTe KOTopcKe COAaHe. OBH cy ce 360r Tora jaKo
KomopCKe yBpe,n:HAH H H3 OCBeTe cy ce npH,Il;py:lKHAH BOjHCaBY, a 3a­
eOJWHe.
THM H:terOBOM CHHOBu.y HHKOAH AAToManoBHhy. na nOIliTO
cy HX CHa6,n:eAH Opy:lKjeM H3 I1TaAHje, BojHcaB H HHKoAa
nYCTOIliHAH cy 3eMThY 1Iy6poB'IaHa, KOjH ce YCKOPO OCBe-
MJle4.mw THIlie 3a OBY HerrpaB.n:y. HaHMe, 3aMOAHLUe
HaemOJe
ueKopucmwnu CTpau.HMHpa H ,n:a 3a oCBeTY yna,n:Hy H onAeHe no­
Henpujame.'b­ . Y TOMe HM EaALUHOH CMeCTa H3Hl)oLUe y
em80 cycpeT. Ka,n: cy MAeqaHH .ll.03HaAH 3a OBe pa3MHpHu.e H He­
Py6P0(3'WHO U H:tHMa, 3aMOAHLUe 6aAlUHoe H
KomopaHo
AATOMaHOBHha .ll.a y caBe3Y C H:tHMa nol)y Ha oCBajaH:te Ko­
Topa H 1Iy6poBHHKa, OBH C KonHeHe CTpaHe, a MAeQaHH oe
Y.ll.apHTH C CPAOTOM C Mopa, y3 06eoaH:te .ll.a he, aKO CTBap
ycne, EaALUHOHMa .ll.aTH rpa,n: KOTOP H .1lpaq, a HHKOAH AA­
TOMaHoBHoy CTOH H pT (nelheLUau.). Ca3HaBLUH TO 1Iy6POB­
'·IaHH, O,n:Max cy 06aBeCTHAH yrapcKor Kpalba AY.ll.OBHKa.
OBaj rropY'IH 6aAIliHOHMa H HHKOAH ,n:a oe OH AHqHO ,n:OOH
ca CBOjOM BOjCKOM ,n:a HX Hana,n:He y H:tHXOBOj KYOH aKO 6y­
.n:y Hana,n:aAH H:terOBe rpa,n:OBe. OBaj rropyqH 6aALUHOHMa M<
HHKOAH ,n:a oe OH AHqHO ,n:OOH ca CBOjOM BOjCKOM ,n:a HX Ha­
IIa,n:He y H:tHXOBOj KyOH aKO 6y.n:y Hana,n:aAH H:terOBe rpa­
,n:OBe. OBe AY.ll.OBHKOBe npeTH:te ,n:eAOBaLUe TaKO ,n:a cy pe­
qeHa rocno,n:a o.n:yCTaAa o,n: Tora fIO.n:yXBaTa H ,n:a je CBaKO
KOBaH:te 3aBepe MAe'IaHa rrOCTaAO Y3aAy,n:HO: 1Iy6pOBqaHH
cy 3aKlbyqHAH MHp C KOTopaHHMa. AAH 1371. ro,n:HHe rro­
HOBO y paT KOjH je H36HO (Kao H paHHje) 360r COAH
cy KOTopaHH IIpo,n:aBaAH Y 3eMlhH H:tHXOBor HeIIpHja­
TeTha HHKoAe AAToMaHoBHoa. 3aTo cY 1Iy6pOBQaHH QeCTO
PYLUHAH H:tHXOBe COAaHe H npH TOMe je 6HAO MHoro Mp1'­
BHX. paT je Tpajao HeKOAHKO ro,n:HHa, na cy
KomopCKU
'Jae""
l.Iv _"",,11.UUU HH, rro npHpo,n:H CKAOHH Ha oCBeTY, 1379. ro,n:HHe IIOCAaAH
oay KPOJb!.J TpHcpYHa H HHKoAy,llparoBa 60caHcKoM 6atry
T8pmKy. KY C MOA60M 3a nOMoo rrpoTHB 1Iy6pOBQaHa, 06eoaBajyoH
.ll.a oe npe,n:aTH CBOj rpa,n: H KYAy no,n: H:teroBY BAaCT. nOLUTO
je EocaHau. y npoIliAocTH nOKYLUaBao .ll.a My KOTopaHH
37()
npe,n:a.n:y rpa.ll., He Bo,n:eOH ca,n:a BHLUe HHKaKBa paQYHa 0 BaJ!w.u/1u
063HPY je Mopao HMaTH npeMa 1Iy6pOBQalIHMa 360r xapajy
YCAyra cy My yqHHHAH, 3a6paHH no,n: HajCTpmKHM Ka3­ noapy4jeM
Komopa.
HaMa H3B03 H3 CBora KpalbeBCTBa y 1Iy6pOBHHK 6HAO Ka­
KBHX HaMHpHHu.a. OBO paCnaAH ,nyxOBe 1Iy6pOBqaHa TaKO KomopaHU
,n:a cy CMeCTa HarOBopHAH oypl)a 6aALUHOa npOTHB KOTO­ npomepajy
paHa. A Ka,zJ, OH ca CBOjOM BOjCKOM, YHHLUTH OrIbeM H nOlJ!a8apa U:3
zpada.
MaqeM qHTaBY H:tHXOBY 3eMlhy. KOTOPCKH nyK 6HO 360r 303
Tora BpAO He3a.ll.OBOlhaH H CBeCTaH ,n:a CBe OBe H:tHXOBe He­
BOThe IIPOHCTHqy H3 AOLUe ynpaBe IbHXOBora MarHCTpaTa,
na ce IIo6YHHO H rrpOTepao H3 rpa.ll.a nOMeHyTH MarHCTpaT
Py6P08'WHU
H BeOH .ll.eo BAaCTeAe. npOTepaHH MarHCTpaT H BAaCTeAa,
Y
lIe 3HajYOH IliTa ,n:a pa,n:e, 06paTHLUe ce 1Iy6POB'IaHHMa C
MOA6oM ,n:a HX He HanYCTe y OBOj H:tHXOBOj HeBOlhH, a OHH KOmopcUM
oe HM y6y.n:yoe 6HTH ,n:06PH npHjaTeThH. CTBap je 6HAa H3­ 7l.1le..Munu..Mu.
HeTa H paCIIpaBThaHa y ceHaTY, y KOMe je 6HAO 3aKlbYQeHO
,n:a HM ce IIpy:lKH HajBeoa Moryoa nOMOO. 1Iy6pOBQaHH cy
ce, HaHMe, 60jaAH ,n:a ce H:tHXOBH no,n:aHHu.H, nOBo,n:eOH ce
3a npHMepOM KOTopCKor rrYKa, He o,n:BaJKe ,n:a npHpe,n:e He­
LUTO CAR'IHO CBOM MarHCTpaTY. nOLUTO ce 1Iy6pOBHHK Ta,n:a
HaAa3HO (KaKO je BHIlie nyTa peQelIO) y caBe3Y C yrapcKoM
KPYHOM, 3aMOAHAH cy HHKOAY Ceqa, KOjH je 6HO ,n:06HO o,n:
Kpalba AY.ll.OBHKa 6aHaT ,llaAMau.Hje H XpBaTCKe, ,n:a Oll
yrAe,n:OM cy36Hje ,n:PCKOCT KOTopaHa. OBaj HM
HanHcao HeKOAHKO BeOMa npeTeOHX nHcaMa H Ta rrHCMa
npe,n:ao y pYKe 1Iy6pOBQaHa. OHH cy n03BaAH y 1Iy6pOBIIHK Medoje U
Bobe no6YHe, KOTopaHe Me,n:oja H MaTeja, C KojHMa cy BO­ Mamuja, Bobe
6YHe.
,n:HAH nperoBope rra HX Ha Kpajy HaroBopHAH ,n:a ce H3MHpe
ca CBOjHM MarHcTpaToMH ,n:pyroM BAaCTeAoM, Te .ll.a HX
rrpHMe y rpa,n:. ,lla 6H lIlTO 60lhe H3BeAH OBY CTBap, nOCAaAH Mamuja
cy y KOTOP C 6aHoBHM nHCMHMa je.ll.HOr CBor nOKAHCapa, H 1Jyp1)e8un
U3aCRaHUK y
TO MaTeja 1)ypl)eBHoa, peQHTor QOBeKa H paTHHKa. Komopy.
C H:tHMe cy IIOLUAH nOMeHYTH Me.ll.oje H
beBHh CTHrao y KOTOP, yqHHHO je CBe KaKO 6H Cpe.ll.HO H
CMHPHO oBaj YCTaHaK nyKa. nOcAe MaAOr OIIHpaH:ta, HapO.ll.
je npHCTao ,n:a yqHIIH OHO LUTO TPaJKH O.ll. H:tera
nOKAHcap, caMO aKO My npY)KH rapaHTHjy ,n:a y6y.n:yoe Hehe
360r Tora HMaTH HHKaKBe HenpHjaTHoCTH. nOMenYTH
nOKAHCap HM Ta,n:a y HMe cBoje peny6AHKe ,n:a,n:e TpaJKeHY
rapaHTHjy, H TaKO ce HapO.ll. CMHpHO. nepaLUTalIH cy 6HAH
BeOMa He3a,n:OBOThHH OBHM MHpOM H .ll.albe cy npo.n:y)KaBaAH
YCTaHaK, roBopeoH ,n:a cy OHH 360r rop,n:ocTH KOTopcKe
BAaCTeAe 6HAH npBH KOjH cy TpneAH CBe He,n:ahe H pYLUeH:ta
CBOjHX KYha. AAH je H H:tHX Ha Kpajy CMHPHO nOMeHYTH
KOjH je y TO BpeMe 6HO BpAO MooaH H y:lKHBao Be­
AHKH yrAe,n: y rpa.n:y KOTOPY, y KOMe ce HHje Morao MepHTH
C H:tHM Y 60raTCTBY He caMO HHje,n:aH nyqaHHH, Hero HHje­
,n:aH BAaCTeAHH. OHje HMao, Mel)y OCTaAOM ,n:eu.OM, CHHa
371
 .,........
HHKlliy, O,n; Kojera cy ce PO,n;HAH H KAapa Koja ce
y,n;Ma 3a MaTeja BAaCTeAHHa .n;y6po­
KomoplCa K.na- Bay.Kora H 6aHa Ll.MMal.I)1je H fbera 60m:tmHHje
pa :lKeHa 6aHa
, U nOMHIhe Ha BHllie MeCTa C MHoro nOlliTOBaH,a. IIOlliTO cy
XpaamclCe. ce L{y6pOBy.aHH H KOTopaHH 6HAH OBaKO H3Ml:fPl:fAH, ro,n;H­
He ]383. nOHOBO yhollie y paT, jOlli :>.Kellitm H KpBaBHjH o,n;
304 npeTxo,n;HHX. Taj paT H3a3Ballie KOTOpaHl:f HH 3601' y.era, He
n "" MHCAenl:f ,n;a je 3anOy.eTH paT y.eCTO Ay,n;O CMeAa CTBap, a
~yupoat{aHU .
nOHoao 3aBplliHTH ra y CBOJY KOPHCT, CTBap He caMO cpene Hero H
.3apame c jYHalliTBa. 6HO je ,n;olliao, HaHMe, y L{y6pOBHHK je,n;aH KO­
KomopaliuJ\w. TOPCKl:f BAaCTeAHH KOjH je 6HO AY:>.KaH BeAl:fKY CBOTY HOBa­
u,a je,n;HOM L{y6pOBqaHHHY, na ra je oBaj ,n;ao 3aTBOpl:fTH y
TaMHHu:,y. KOTopaHH cy 3aMOAHAH L{y6pOBqaHe ,n;a ra ny­
cTe, TBp,n;enl:f ,n;a ra OHl:f lliaJ:bY Y l1TMHjy pa,n;l:f nOCAOBa
CBora rpa,n;a, a aKO je OH HeKOMe HelliTO AY:>.KaH, ,n;a ce no­
Bepl:fOu:,y MO:>.Ke HcnAaTHTH H3 IherOBHX HeKpeTHHHa KOjl:fX
OH HMa MHOro Ha Tepl:fTOpHjH KOTopa. AAH, H nope,n; cBera,
L{y6pOBqaHH ra HHCY XTeAl:f nYCTl:fTH 6e3 npl:fCTaHKa
nOBepHou,a. Ha TO ce KOTOpaHl:f TaKO pacp,n;Hllie ,n;a cy
KomopaHu . za.nuja.
nmUaJbY 20'- o,n;Max Haopy:>.KMl:f ,n;Be rMHJe H nOCAaAH HX ,n;a 3anAeHe
3anneHY je,n;HY .n;y6pOBaqKY Aahy Koja je ,n;OAa3HAa ca l1CToKa nyHa
TproBaqKe p06e, a CAyy'ajHo 6HAa npHMeneHa y AyU,l:f Poce.
.naDa. To HCTO cy ypa,n;HAH H nOCAe HeKOAl:fKO ,n;aHa C je,n;HoM
,n;pyrOM AahoM Koja ,n;OAa3HAa H3 6apHja y AnYAHjH, Ha
KOjOj ce HMa3HO BeAHKH HMeTaK L{y6pOBy.aHa. L{y6pOBQa­
Hl:f cy nOCAMH nOKAHCape y KOTOP KaKO 6H HM ce BpaTHAe
H oCA060,n;HAe nOMeHYTe Ka,n; TO KOTOPaRH 0,n;6Hllie,
LIy6pOBQaHH ynyTHllie y KOTOPCKH 3MHB TPl:f rMl:fje, Koje
cy, YCAe,n; KaneTaHOBe Heonpe3HOCTl:f, HenpHjaTelbH HanMH
Hony. 3aTeKaBlliH HX 6e3 CTpa:>.Ke, je,n;HY 3ap06Hllie, ,n;OK
,n;pyre ,n;Be YMaKOllie. 11 y TOj ry:>.KBH norHHYO je KaneTaH
3ap06lbeHe Ty6epoH nHllie ,n;a je OBa rMl:fja 6HAg:
3ap06lbeHa BHllie H3,n;ajoM noca,n;e, Hero xpa6polliny He­
npHjaTelba. 60:>.KH,n;ap H3 HepeTBe, HaHMe, Kao Boha na­
Ay6e Ha pey.eHoj rMHjH, HHje QHTaB ,n;aH HHlliTa ,n;pyro pa­
,n;HO Ben Bl:fKaO, ,n;PCKO npeTHO H nCOBao rOTOBO CBe pe,n;OM.
Ka,n; je TO KOHaQHO ,n;O,n;HjMO KaneTaHY rMHje, n03Bao ra je
je,n;Hor ,n;aHa npe,n;a ce H ynl:fTaO r,n;e ce PO,n;HO H ''!HMe ce
paHl:fje 6aBHO. OH My je O,n;I'OBOPHO ,n;a ce po,n;l:fO Ha HepeT­
BH H ,n;a CHH KMacpaTa (np0l:f3BOhay.a cpe,n;CTaBa 3a 3a­
QenlbHBaIha pyna Ha 6po.n;y) , Te ,n;a je Hajnpe 06aBlbao
3aHaT CBOra ou,a. KaneTaR Ta,n;a pey.e: "3al:fCTa, ,n;pYKQHje
HHje MorAO HH 6HTl:f Hero ,n;a CTe cyMIhHBa nopo,n;a, a l:fCTO
KomopclCu
TaKO H npOCTaQKor o,n;roja. 11 ja ce o,n; ca,n;a Heny Bl:fllie Y.y­
U3ac.naHUl!,U
oay ICpa.n,y ,n;HTH Ka,n; Bac y.yjeM KaKO BHQeTe H ncyjeTe OCTMe. Jep Ka­
TapmlCy. KO cy BaM ce Ben o,n; ,n;eTHIhCTBa ylliH HaBHKAe Ha CTMHY
a Ballia YCTa Ha CMPa,n; CMpAlhHBe CMOAe 3a
3MHBaIhe, Hene 6HTH He06HQHO CAYlliaTl:f Bac CTMHO KaKO
372
rMaMHTe H H3rOBapaTe Henpl:fCTojHe H YBpeAlhHBe pey.l:f
BalliHM ,n;pyrOBl:fMa." HaCTojenl:f Ta,n;a ,n;a onpaB,n;a CBOj 305
3HK, KOjl:f je nCOBao l:f H3rOBapao ra,n;He peQl:f, Boha nMy6e
o,n;rOBOpl:f,n;a H.erOBO 3BaIhe ,n;a XBMl:f HenOpOQHe, a
onaKe. Ha TO KaneTaH ,n;o,n;a,n;e rOBopenH: "To IIopottHU
HCTl:fHa H BH Aa:>.KeTe Kao xylba. Jep Ka,n; Balli }{(HBOT nyH myCiu zom080
MaRa H 3AOy.HHa, KaKO je MorynHo ,n;a BH Mp3HTe AonOBe H Cia He MOZY
xaaJtumu
BaMa CAl:fQHe, a BOAHTe ,n;o6pe." KaneTaH ra o,n;Max HenOpOttHe.
CMeHHO ca AY:>.KHOCTl:f Bohe nMy6e H nOCTaBHO ,n;a 06aBlba
npehallilhH, HajnpOCTl:fjl:f 3aHaT KMacpaTa. Ll.eCl:fAO ce Ka.naljJam
TaKO ,n;a je OH je,n;He HonH 6HO Ha CTPa:>.Kl:f Ha u3C1ajHulC
/ly6pOO"4.aHa.
HaKO npHMeTHo,n;a ce npH6AH:>.KaBajy
06aBeCTl:f0 KaneTaHa, Te cy KOTopaHH l:f3HeHa,n;HHM Hana­ KomopaHU
.3apo6e
,n;OM 3ap06wm rMHjy. Ka,n; je 0 TOMe CTHrAa BeCT y L{y­ Cly6p08Q"ttlCy
6pOBHHK, ceHaT je npHMH C BeAl:fKOM :>.KMOlliny. He QaCenH Zwtujy.
HH Qaca, ceHaT je HaopY:>.Kao jOlli ,n;Be rMHje H nOCAao CBHX
neT Ha once,n;aIhe KOTopa, no,n; 3anOBe,n;HHlliTBOM MHxa Muxo
Eo6a.n,e8un,
BOAy.Hna 606aJ:beBl:fna, y.OBeKa YHCTHHY BeAl:fKOr, l:f no 3arwaeClHUIC
jYHalliTBY, H no nAeMeHHTOCTl:f KpBH l:f no CBHM BpAHHaMa Cly6posattICUX
Koje je noce,n;OBao. fbeMY je rpa,n;CKH KHe3 y ceHaTY OBaKO
nporoBopHO: "Ballia peTKa My,n;pOCT, HecaAOMlbHBH H BeAl:f­
KO.n;ylliHH .n;yX, BeAHQl:fHa Ballil:fX ,n;eAa H Ha Kpajy BaIlla
BeAl:fKa, H jOlli o,n;paHHje n03HaTa lby6aB npeMa OBOj Ballioj
oTaI,I6HHH y QHjoj CTe CAY:>.K6l:f BHllie nyTa CTaBHAH Ha
KOU,KY BAaCTl:fTl:f :>.KHBOT, no,n;CTaKAa Hac je y OBHM TelliKHM
BpeMeHHMa ,n;a Bac l:f3a6epeMO 3a reHepMa HalliHX paTHl:fX
Aaha. Ca,n;a, Ka,n; l:fMaTe HcnAOBHTH C IhHMa, CeTl:fTe ce OBor
nOY3,n;aIha H Ha,n;e KOjy Ml:f, QaK Ql:fTaB rpa,n; H Ballia OTaI,I­
6HHa, nOAa:>.KeMO y Bac." OTnAOBHBlliH, ,n;aKAe, 606aJ:beBl:fn
H3 L{y6poBHHKa l:f CTHraBlliH y
MHoro lby,n;l:f Ha rpe6eH CB.
yna,n;He Ha Tepl:fTOpHjy KOTopaHa. Y HaCTMa
H3Mehy IherOBe BojcKe H KOTopaHa He,n;MeKO o,n; nOMeHYTor
rpe6eHa, 606aJ:beBl:fn je OCTao 3aTHM OTHlliao IIo6eClu y 6ojy.
Ha caCTaHaK C rocno,n;apOM 3eTe, o,n; Kojera ,n;06HO nOMon
o,n; TpH XHlba,n;e xpa6pHX 60pau,a, Te je C IhHMa noy.eo on­
ce,n;aTl:f KOTOp. AAH Ka,n; je npHMeTHO ,n;a HenpHjaTelL MMO Komop lWCI
3a TO Mapl:f, pelliH ce ,n;a H3Bpllil:f Hana,n; Ha rpa,n;. IIo,n;H­ oncaCiOM U
raBlliH y Ty CBpXy je,n;aH 6e,n;eM ca 3ana,n;He CTpaHe, OTnOQe HanaCioM
/ly6pOS'1UHa.
C Hana,n;OM. Ka,n; cy KOTopaHH Bl:f,n;eAH ,n;a npl:f 0,n;6paHH
HMajy BeAHKe ry6l:fTKe y lby,n;CTBY, ca6paBlliH ce Ha 360p
je,n;HorAaCHO pellil:fllie ,n;a ynyTe 606aJ:beBl:fny nOKAHcapa
Jepa Ll.parl:fja C nOHy,n;OM ,n;a ne BpaTHTH l:f rMHjy H CBe
lliTO ce KO,n; Ihl:fX HMa3H Kao BAaCHHlliTBO L{y6pOBQaHa.
Ka,n; je, ,n;aKAe, ,n;Olliao H H3AO:>.Kl:f0 606aJ:beBl:fny ,n;aTy
My nopyKY, oBaj My je o,n;rOBopHO ,n;a He MO:>.Ke HHlliTa O,ll.Ay­
Ql:fTH npe Hero lliTO 06aBeCTl:f .n;y6pOBaQKH ceHaT. qHM je
306
ceHaT npHMHo BeCT 0 TOMe, O,n;AYQH,n;a 606aJ:beBHn He CMe
373
 1""""'""
,n:a HarrYCTH OHO MeCTO CBe ,n:OK KOTopaHH He BpaTe Lly-
6pOB'IaHHMa lIlTO cy HM 6HAH o.n:y3eAH. TIOlIlTO cy OBH
y,n:OBOThHAH 3axTeBY Lly6pOB'IaHa, ,n:OlIlAO je ,n:o 3aKThyqelba
MHpa. Y OBOM paTy HHCY yqecTBOBaAH TIepalIlTaHH, KOjH
cy rrpe Hero lIlTO je OTrrO'IeO, HarOBapaAH H MOAHAll KOTO­
paHe ,n:a ce He yrrYlIlTajy Y paT ca CBOjHM cyce,n:HMa, Ka,n:
Mory MHpHHM rrYTeM pelIlHTH crrop, jep aKO ,n:pYK'IHje
yqHHe, OHH ce, H3jaBThHBaxy, Hene rrpHKAOHHTH HH je,n:Hoj
HH ,n:pyroj CTpaHH. Ha TO cy HM KOTopaHH o,n:roBOpHAH ,n:a
HM He Tpe6a HH lbHXOB caBeT HH lbHXOBa rrOMon. Mel:)y­
THM, rrpH TOMe cy KOTopaHH rrOKa3aAH MaAO pa36opHTO­
CTH. Jep y CAH'IHHM rrpHAHKaMa CBaKa rrOMon H rrOTrropa
rIepawmaHU je ,n:06pa, a HapO'IHTO TaKBHX Thy,n:H KaKBH cy TIepalIlTaHH.
6exy YBeK: OHH cy YBeK 6HAH paTHHu,H H jYHau,H Ha OPY)Kjy, 0 'IeMY cy
pamHUlJU. 'IeCTO rrp~aAH H jOlIl YBeK rrpY)Kajy ,n:OKa3e. To ,n:OAa3H ,n:o
H3p8)Kaja He caMO KO,n: MylIlKapau,a Hero H KO,n: lbHXOBHX
)KeHa, Koje (ceM lIlTO ce MOry ,n:H'IHTH 'IeCTHTolIlny y KOjOj
HHMaAO He 3aocTajy 3a Haj'IaCHHjHM MaTpOHaMa, rra HH 3a
'iecmumocm CaMOM PHMThaHKOM i\yKpe U,Hj OM , peTKHM rrpHMepOM 'IHC­
nepaWmW-1CK:U . h. •
X JfCeHa. TOTe) y CBHM CBOJ HM ,n:eAHMa rrO,n:CellaJY Ha rrpaBe aMa­
30HKe. Ja caM BHlIle rryTa BH,n:eo lbHX ,n:Be HAH TpH KaKO
H.n:y ,n:alby HAH Hony y AaI:)Hu,H H KaKO, aKO cycpeTHY TypKe
H3 Xepu,er-HoBora, He o6panajy Ha lbHX HHKaKBY rr8)KlbY.
illTaBHlIle, aKO 6H ce ,n:ecHAo ,n:a 6H HeKO o,n: lbHX H3rOBO­
pHO Kojy He 6alIl rrpHcTojHY pe'I (lIlTO 6HBa BeOMa peTKO),
OHe cy HX Harra,n:aAe o,n:Ba)KHO, rrorrYT MaprrecHje HAH TIeH­
Te3HAeje aMa30HKe, ~acHHM H HajYBpe,n:ThHBHjHM pe'IHMa.
rIepawmaHu . .
cy ce HaK:aO TIepalIlTaHH ce rrpe 3Baxy TIepTaHH, H HaJcTapHJH cy CTa­
3BaJtU HOBHHU,H OHHX MeCTa r,n:e ,n:aHac 06HTaBajy, KaKO cBe,n:O'IH
rIepmaHu. OaATa3ap CrrAHnaHHH. OHH cy, HaHMe, Ty 06HTaBaAH jOlIl
y BpeMe Ka,n: je PHcaH u,BeTao. Ka,n:a cy PHMThaHH, pa,n:H
o,n:6paHe PHCHa, rro,n:HrAH je,n:HY TBpl:)aBY Ha rpe6eHY ,n:aHac ,
3BaHOM CB. 1)ypal:) , rrpe,n:aAH cy je Ha 'IYBalbe TIepalIlTa­
rIpuMe 6pojHe HHMa. KaKo cy ce HCTaKAH rrpH o,n:6paHH Tora rpa,n:a y 6op­
nOB.l!aCmUlJe 00 6H C HeKHM rycapHMa, ,n:06HAH cy o,n: u,apa JLHOKAeu,HjaHa
TT lJapa CBe rroBAacTHu,e H lIlHpoKe cAo6o,n:e Koje cy Y)KHBaAH rpa­
,u,uoK:.!!elJUjaHa.
,n:OBH rro,n: PHMCKHM UapCTBOM y I1TaAHjH. To je 6HAO OKO
AeTa rOcrro,n:lber 292, rra cy YBeK )KHBeAH cAo6o,n:HH. I1cTH­
rIOBPWK:O, Ha je ,n:a cy rrpH3HaBaAH 3a rocrro,n:apa u,apa PalIlKe HAll
Oy6pOBatiK:U
n.l!eMun. U 20C­
Kpalba oocHe. XHTha.n:y TpH CTOTHHe lIle3,n:eceT 'IeTBpTe
nooap EyoBe. ro,n:HHe, Ka,n: je yMpO TIOBPlIlKO, BAaCTeAHH .n:y6pOBa'IKH H
rocrro,n:ap oy,n:Be, KOjy je caM 6HO KYrrHO, HAll (KaKO HeKH
307 BeAe) rrpHMHo Ha ,n:ap o,n: OaAlIlHna 3a HeKe yqHlbeHe HM
YCAyre, Lly6pOB'IaHH cy rrOCAaAH je,n:HY CBOjy raAHjy ,n:a YKP­
u,a TIOBPlIlKOBY rropo,n:HIJ,y H ,n:OBe,n:e je y Lly6POBHHK. Yje,n:­
HO cy H3,n:aAH Hapel:)elbe 3arrOBe,n:HHKY raAHje ,n:a HacTojH,
YKOAHKO 6H KOTopaHH rrOKYlIlaAH ,n:a 3ay3My oy,n:BY HAH
rrpHcBoje raAHjy KOjy je paHHje ,n:p)Kao TIOBPlIlKO, ,n:a CrraAH
374
H raAHjy H TBpl:)aBY y oy,n:BH. KOTopaHH HHCY Ta,n:a HHlIlTa
rrpe.n:y3eAH, Te cy ce Lly6pOB'IaHH, yKpu,aBlIlH rropo,n:HIJ,y
TIOBPlIlKOBY, a OCTaBHBlIlH rroca.n:y y oy,n:BH, BpaTHAH rIepawmaHU
3ay3My
KynH. Mel:)yTHM, 360r HeKHX Heyro,n:HocTH Koje cy HMaAH C
EyOBY·
TIOBPlIlKOM, TIepalIlTaHH cy Hony H3HeHa,n:a HaIIaAH oy,n:BY
H 3aY3eAH je. AAH cy je ,n:ou,HHje, 3aKThyqHBlIlH crropa3yM C Oemoja
rocrro,n:oM OaAlIlHnHMa, rrpe,n:a.AH lbHMa. TIoMeHYTa, rraK, rIepawmaHuH
, nOK:.!!ucap
rocrro,n:a, ceM ,n:pyrHx YCAyra, 06aBe3aAa ce ,n:a he 6paHHTII ParJocaBa
TIepalIlTaHe o,n: CBHX lbHXOBHX HerrpHjaTeTha. 11 3aHCTa, ,n:OK rIaB.l!OBun.a.
je TpajaAa BAaCT OaAlIlHna y 3eTH, TIepacT je ~HBao y
MHpy. Ty ce PO,n:HO OCToja KOjH je, 60paBenH Ha ,n:BOPY Pa­ Pam u3MeOY
}1,y6pOBlJWW U
,n:ocaBa TIaBAoBHna, rocrro,n:apa KOHaBa.Aa, TIorroBa H ,n:py­ PaoocaBa
rHX 06AH)KlbHX MeCTa, 6HO BaHpe,n:Ho ycrreo. Ka,n: je, HaH­ rIaB.l!OBun.a
Me, Pa,n:ocaB 6HO y pary C Lly6pOB'IaHHMa 360r KOHaBaAa, 6ewe 1450.
6HO je rrOCAao OCTOjy Kao rrOKAHCapa Ha TypCKH ,n:BOp. JLOK 2oouHe.
je TaMO 6opaBHo, MHoro je ja,n:a 3a,n:ao Lly6pOB'IaHHMa, a
CBOjHM TIepalIlTaHHMa rrpHpe,n:Ho BeAHKY HerrpHjaTHocT.
Ka,n: cy TIepalIlTaHH BH,n:eAH ,n:a ce KOHa'IHO Hene MonH .n:y­ KomopaHU ce
ro o,n:p)KaTH He3aBHcHH, C 063HPOM Ha TYPKe, IIOT'IHHHlIle cBojeBOJbHO
npeoajy
ce MAe'IaHHMa. MAe'IaHH, KOjH cy rr03HaBaAH BeAHKO jy­ Af.l!elJaHuMa.
HalIlTBO H BepHocT OBora Hapo,n:a, ,n:o,n:eAHAH cy HM BeAHKe
rrOBAacTHu,e H lIlHpOKe cAo6o,n:e, a rroce6Ho ,n:a MOry H3Mel:)y
ce6e H3a6HpaTH yrrpaBy H rAaBape. 11 TaKO cy OHH H3a6pa­
AH ca,n:alIllbera CBor KarreTaHa CTe<paHa 1)ypH'IHHa, Ha­
CAe,n:HHKa CTeBaHa PaCKOBa, KOjH cy, H je,n:aH H ,n:pyrH, Thy­
,n:H BeAHKor jYHalIlTBa H ,n:06poTe. Ho BpaTHMo ce ca,n: orreT
Ha H3Aaralbe 0 KOTopaHHMa. Ka,n: cy KOTopaHH BH,n:eAH ,n:a
TypcKe CHare H ,n:albe rroCTH~ ycrrexe y EBporrH, a, Harrpo­
THB, ,n:a cAa6e CHare xpHlIlnaHa, rroce6Ho rraK BAa,n:apa H
rocrro,n:e lbHXOBHX cyce,n:a, Te HeMajynH HHKaKBor H3rAe,lJ,a
,n:a ne ce .n:y)Ke BpeMeHa o,n:p)KaTH He3aBHcHH, pelIlHAH cy
,n:a ce cBojeBOThHO rrOT'IHHe MAeTa'IKoj BAa,n:H. Ta je BAa,n:a
6HAa rrOCAaAa TIjeTpa i\ope,n:aHa, reHepaAa cBoje <pAoTe, lJ;a M"1elJaHU
3aY3Me CrrAHT H TporHp. OH je YCKOPO 3aY3eo Te rpa,n:oBe, oCBoje Cn.l!um
jep je y TO BpeMe y CrrAHTY BAa,n:aAa 3apa3a, a TporHpaHH u. Tpocup.
cy H3ry6HAH CAo6o.n:y 360r cBoje rrou,erraHOCTH. To je 6HO
rAaBHH pa3Aor lIlTO cy OBa ,n:Ba rpa,n:a rraAa rro,n: BAaCT MAe­
'IaHa. CeM Tora, je,n:aH o,n: TporHpCKe BAaCTeAe, rro HMeHY
MHKa'I BHTYPH, rycapHo je rro MOPY C je,n:HOM raAHjoM H C rycap MUK:alJ
Bumypu.
je,n:HOM <PYCTOM, rra rrAeHHO MAeTa'IKe 6po,n:OBe. Ka,n:a cy
MAe'IaHH, KaKO peKOCMO, 3aY3eAH CrrAHT H TporHp, i\ope­
,n:aHo je ,n:OIIAOBHO C rroMeHYToM <pAOTOM rro,n: KOTOp. Ty cy
My KOTopaHH H3HlIlAH y cycpeT H rrpe,n:aAH My Ha cpe6pHoj
'IHHHjH KThyqeBe rpa,n:a. OBaj je rpa,n: yrrpolIlAocTH o,n:rojHo
3aHCTa MHoro 'IaCHHX AH'IHOCTH Koje cy ra CBOjOM Bpe,n:Ho­ 308
lIlny rrpOCAaBHAe. Mel:)y lbHMa cy 6HAa ,n:Ba 6paTa 6AH3aH­
u,a pe,n:a rrporroBe,n:HHKa, BHneHu,o H JLOMHHHK oyna, KOjH
cy CBOjHM crrHCHMa o6jacHHAH MHore TajHe. AAH HajBHlIle
375
 ......

je rrpOIIIH:pHO lheroBY CAaBY MOHCHlhOP AA6epTo )ljjMH, 310

KP'IKH 6HcKyrr, BeAHKO,ll,OCTOjHHK ,ll,OCTojaH }'HCTHHY Be'IHe
ycrroMeHe. nHBehH ce lherOBOM BeAHKOM 06pa30BalhY,
PHMCKH rrarra ITHje IV BHIIIe rryTa je rOBopHo ,ll,a y UpKBH fEHEA.'10mKO CTADJID cpnCKOf KHE3A .JAlAPA
602Kjoj He rroCTojH TaKO BHCOKH rrOA02Kaj KOjH OH ITO CBOjOj
Bpe,ll,HOCTH H 3HalhY He 6H 3aCAY2KHBao. OBaj rpa,ll, ,ll,ao je
TaKobe MHOro CAaBHHX IbY,ll,H y OPY2Kjy KOjHM cy
rrpOCAaBHAH cBoje HMe. Meby lhHMa 6HAH cy ITeTap LJU'"U',U,"'­ JV\3AP
H 1)ypab BH3aHTH, o60jHua naMeTHH H MY,ll,pH IbY,ll,H mTO
ce TH'Ie paTHe BemTHHe. HHKa,ll, ce naK Heile MonH n"'pc;Hn
,ll,OBOlbHO XBaAe BpAHHH H jYHamTBY HHKOAe Byhe H B)'lt CTe'llall

lheroBor CHHa ITeTpa, KOjH cy 6HAH npOToBeCTHjapH uapa

Komop dade H lherOBor CHHa HeMalhe H KaneTaHH MaJIelIa, lKeRa Baj!l3HTa I
Je,1el1l1. lICel!8 Hmtom: fopjaRcmr
MHoze YZJ!edHe pamKHx o,ll,pe,ll,a. ITocAe lhHX, y BpeMe TBpTKa npBor OBor
.MyJlCeee. HMeHa, KpaIha BOCHe, 6HO HHKoAa nparOB yrAe,ll,Ha
AH'-iHOCT H BpAO HCI<:ycaH y ,ll,p2KaBHH'IKHM nOCAOBHMa. llecm!ll3.lKem lianme ByxoCaBa, lKmil MHJIoma KOOH:ndia
YCAe,ll,HAH cy nOCAe lhera y BpeMe CeAHMa H lherOBor CHHa
CYAejMaHa, KOPKYT-nama H MYCTaq:,a-nama, O,ll, KOjHX je
je,ll,aH 6HO ryBepHep naMaCKa H 'reCTO n06e,ll,HHK BeAHKHX Mapllja, lKelIlI
apanCKHX BOjCKH; ,ll,pyI'H je 6HO nama y KaHpy. fbHX
nOMHlhY Kyriak Spangeberg H Herman Scholdel y TypCKHM
aHaAHMa. Ka)l, nOMHlhe MYCTaq:,y, KOHCTaHTHH CnaH,uybHH
OBaKO roBOPH: "MYCTaq:,a-nama (Ka2Ke OH) nOCAaH O,ll,
,ll,a ynpaBIba KaHpOM, PO,ll,HO ce Y KOTOPY, na ('lellaH
I
fpryp
Ma)l,a je no KpBH 6HO HHCKa pO,ll,a, rrOCe,ll,OBaO je HnaK CBe
BpAHHe H 6HO je BeOMa Aen; 2KeHa My je 6HAa
KaTIlpHHa. J£eH3 Mapuj a, J£ella
CYAejMaHoBa ceCTpa, paHHje 2KeHa BOCTaHI,IH-name, KOMe
Y:qJIlxa, rpoq,a Mypa13 II
je CYAejMaH 0,ll,py6HO rAaBY." Ha Kpajy, OBeKOBe'IHO je
Ue.iltCIWr
cBoje HMe, Kao H HMe cBoje oTaI,16HHe, JepOAHM BH3aHTH.
Ka,Ll; ce Kao 3anOBe,ll,HHK KOTopcKe raAHje Hamao C ,ll,pyrHM Jol!aB
xpHmnaHHMa y 6HUH npoTHB TypaKa 1571. rO,ll,HHe, TaKO
ce jYHa'IKH H xpa6po 60PHO C 'IHTaBOM CBOjOM ,ll,PY2KHHOM <
,ll,a Ma)l,a je lherOBa raAHja 6HAa Hana)l,HYTa O,ll, ByK
'leTHpH TypcKe raAHje, HHje ycneo,ll,a 3ap06H ,ll,OKAe ro,ll,

309
HHje Ha H3rHHYo H nOCAe,ll,lhH KOTopaHHH. ITomTo cy I.
Mapllja, lKena JOllaB
HanpaBHAH nOKOIb Meby TaKO IioHuq,aIll'lj a,
,ll,a je no Ce,ll,aM H ocaM OTnpaTHAO y CMpT MllPKlI'J8 0)1; Mompepara
KOTopaHHHa, na,ll,ome CBH Ha
Be'IHY CAaBY CBOjy H
rpa,ll,a KOTopa. Mapllja. lKeHa MaJIlIl1a, J£e1i3 JIeoHap;J;a,
oocaHclI:or KpaJh3 ,g,ecnOTa ApTe

lICel!8 Cllep.lIHRaB;:t!!

JeP1!lla.lKfH3 JOll3l1l1.llOjllO,1e CB. I1erpa y farrarHHII

376 377
 'IIIIlII'"

311
JeAeHY (HAH XeAeHY), ,lleCTIHHY li BYKOCaBY. MHAeBa
KO TIlilile i\eYHKAaBlije) 6HAa :lKena Baja3HTa I1pBor, Typ­
CKOr u,apa.}by 3aje,n:HO C MY:lKeM 3ap06HO TaMepAaH. MUAeBa, /Cnu
rPIi KHE3AJIA3APA lIasapa,
/CHeBa
Mapa je 6HAa y,n:aTa 3a palIlKora BAaCTeAHHa BYKa, CHHa 6eULeJKeHa
BpaHKa MAa,n:eHoBa, BpAO BaJhaHOr paTHHKa, My,n:por 'iO­ YMpJW21.J,apa
BeKa H BeOMa nocAYlIlHor npeMa CBOM TacTY i\a3apy, KOjli Eajasuma.
je 3aje,n:Ho C OBHM CBOjHM 3eTOM :lKliBeO y MHpy ca CBliM
CBOjHM cyce,n:liMa, Tj. C KpaJheM BocHe li C BaAlIlHnHMa,
3a,n:oBolbaBajynH ce CBOjliM noce,n:HMa li lIe Tpa:lKenH nyTeM
paTa Tyl:)e. TaKa je TIOCTynao HajBHlIle H3 cTpaxa KOjH ra je
6HO 06y3eo npe,n: Typu,liMa. 3Hao je, TaKODe, ,n:a o,n:p:lKaBa
BpAO ,n:06pe o,n:Hoce C yrapcKliM KpaJheM i\y,n:OBHKOM, nOKa­
3yjynH,n:a lherOB cAyra li ,n:a My je nOKopaH, Kao H no­
KAalhajynH My BHlIle nyTa BeAliKe ,n:apOBe y 3AaTy H cpe­
6py. TaKa je HCTO nocTynao li ca CBOjHM BeAHKalIlHMa, a
noe6Ho C HHKOAOM [opjaHcKHM, KOjH je paHHje 6liO cpeM­
CKH 6aH, a 3aTliM KHe3 naAaTHH YrapCKe. }beroBoM CliHY
,n:a,n:e 3a :lKeHY CBOjy JeAeHY. BHO je, nope,n: Tora,
oKpeTaH, na Ka,n: je KPaJh i\y,n:OBHK BHlIle nyTa CAao BOjCKY
Ha lherOBe rpaHliu,e, OH 6li ce YBeK TaKO CHalIlao ,n:a
HliKa,n:a HHje CTpa,n:ao. I10cTynajyrm Ha oBaj Ha'iHH, HHje
npecTajao ,n:a 06,n:apyje KpaJheBCKe MliHHCTpe, o,n:HocenH ce
npeMa lhHMa C BeAHKoM CKpoMHolIlny li CMepHolIlny. AAH
Ee02paa
Ka,n: je YMpo KPaJh i\y,n:OBHK, O,n:Max 3aY3eo 6eorpa,n:cKY nOmnaaHe noa
TBpl:)aBY KOjy je nOMeHyTH KPaJh no,n:Hrao Ha ,llyHaBY y f3.!Lacm /cHesa
BpeMe u,apa CTecpaHa, na jy nopylIlHO,n:O TeMelba. lIasapa.
OCBOjHO je TaKol:)e Ma'iBY na rpaHHu,H YrapCKe H 'iHTaB
Kpaj KOjH ce rpaHH'iH C peKOM CaBOM H CB. ,llHMHTpHjeM y
CpeMy. Y TO BpeMe 6HO je ,n:OlIlao H3 AHaToAHje TypCKH
u,ap, CYATaH MypaT. Bo,n:enH ca C060M TpH,n:eceT XHlba,n:a
60pau,a, 6HO je npo,n:po y TIOKpajHHe Koje cy 6HAe no,n:
, BAalIlny KHe3a i\a3apa H lheroBa 3eTa ByKa. 11 i\a3ap H ByK
caKYTIHAH cy TaKol:)e MHoro nelIlaKa H KOlhaHHKa ,n:a My ce
cynpoTCTaBe. AAH YBH,n:eBlllH nOCAe ,n:a ce He MOl)' C IbHMe
orAe,n:aTH, HHCY ce YCy,n:HAH H3HhH Ha 60jHO nOlbe, Ben cy
KHe3 i\a3ap 6HO je CliH I1pH6u,a Xpe6elbaHOBHna, BAa­ HlIlAH Ha,n:OMaK HenpHjaTelbcKe BojcKe no 6p,n:OBHTHM H
CTeAHHa H BeAHKalIla y BpeMe u,apa CTecpaHa. OH je y MAa­ cHrypHHM MeCHMa. Ka,n: je, ,n:aKAe, MypaT BH,n:eo ,n:a HX He
,n:OCTH 6HO ,n:BopjaHliH nOMeHyTOr u,apa, a noCAe je (KaKO MO:lKe n06e,n:HTH, ,n:OlIlao je no,n: I1PHlIlTHHy. I10lIlTO je Imje
peKOCMO) 3aY3eo 3eMlbY KPaJha CTecpaHa CBe ,n:o ,llyHaBa, Morao 3aY3eTH Ha jYPHlIl, 3a,n:p:lKaO ce y THM CTpaHaMa OT­
nOKopHBlIlH PaCHCAaBHna H ,n:pyry BAaCTeAY Koja je ,n:p:lKa­ npHAHKe Meceu, ,n:aHa 6e3 Bene lIlTeTe 3a olIaj Kpaj. 3aTHM
Aa pe'ieHe nOKpajHHe: je,n:He je 3aTBopHO y TaMHHUY, ,n:pyre ce BpaTHO y cBoje nOKpajHHe. To je 6HAO Meceu,a anpHAa
npOTepao, a HeKe nYTeM pa3HHX yroBopa TIOT'iHHHO CBOjOj 1385. ro,n:HHe. I10cAe Tora cy ce KHe3 i\a3ap H lherOB 3eT 313
KHesilasap ByK TIpeKO nOKAHcapa Haro,n:HAH C MypaToM. I1PHCTaAH cy U By/C
say3Me BAaCTH. Ka,n: yMpO KPaJh BYKalIlliH, 0,ny3eo je BeAHKli ,n:eo aaa/C
ilpUULmuHYu lherOBe 3eMlbe, Tj. I1PHlIlTHHy, HOBO Bp,n:o H ,n:pyre :lKYTIe, ,n:a MypaTy ,n:ajy H3BeCTaH ,n:aHaK, a y cAyqajy TIoTpe6e H Mypamy.
HOBO Eprio, 'iliMe ce OH MHOro Y3BeAH'iao. CeM Tora y'iHHHO cTBap xHlba,ny 0pY:lKaHHX lby,n:H. 11 TaKO cy nOCAe YBeK :lKHBeAH y
,n:OCTOjHY ycnoMeHe Ka,n: ce OCBeTHO (KaKo CMO Ka3aAH) HH­ MHpy H 6e3 HKaKBor Y3HeMHpaBaIba Ha CBOjHM TIo,n:pyq­
312 jHMa, Ha KojHMa cy ce, a HapO'iHTO y HOBOM Bp,n:y, 3a
KOAH AATOMaHoBHny, 'iOBeKY HeMlipHa ,n:yxa. l1Mao je je,n:­
Hor CHHa no HMeHY CTecpaHa H TIeT KnepH: MHAeBY, Mapy,
378 379
 ..".,.
:iKHBOTa l\a3apa H lberOBOra 3eTa BJKa, 3a,z::(P:i:KaBaAH MHO­
rH ..uy6pOBa'lKH TproBu,H. OBa cy rocrro,n:a He caMO Aerro c
ITpujameJbU cy lbHMa rrocTYrraAa, Ben cy MHoro BOAeAa H rpa,z::( )ly6pOBHHK,
,ll,y6p0fJ'ial-la. b. . 1\'
H3Aa3ellH My pa,n:o y cycpeT y cBaKOJ rrpHAHu,H. a3ap Je
6HO, IllTO ce TH'le HMOBHHe, BeOMa 60raT rocrro,n:HH, jep je
,n:p)Kao cBe py,n:HHKe cpe6pa y PaIllKoj H H3 lbHX je H3­
BAa'IHO BeAHKO 6Aaro KOjHM je YBeK cy36Hjao pa3japeHocr
Yrpa, rrAanao ,n:aHaK Typu,HMa H o,n:p)KaBaO ce Ha BAaCTH,
KOjy je HacTojao Ca'lyaaTH pa,n:Hje Ha oBaj Ha'lHH Hero
opY)KjeM. A,n:a 6H ce oCHrypao ca CBHX crpaHa H jOIll BHIlle
oja'lao, ycrrocraBH PO,n:6HHcKe Be3e ca CHHOM CTpau,HMHpa
BaAIllHna, 1)yp1)eM, KOjH je rrOCAe CMPTH rroMeHYTor BaA­
Ille, Kojera cy (KaKo peKocMo) y6HAH TYPU,H, HaCAe,n:HO
BAaCT y 06e H ,n:a,n:e My 3a )KeHY CBOjy Tpeny Knep,
L{ecrrHHY, Koja je rrpe Tora 6HAa )KeHa MOMaBCKor KHe3a
illHIllMaHa. Ka,n: cy TyPU,H ,n:OBeAH Ha rrpeCTO MeCTO Op­
xaHa lberOBora CHHa CYAejMaHa, CYAejMaH je 3aKlhyqHo
Cy.nejMaH npo MHp ca CBOjHM cyce,n:HMa y A3HjH, rra ca CBOM BOjCKOM Kojy
oupe y Eepony. je Morao caKYrrHTH rrpeIllao XeAecrrOHT, ,n:aHac 3BaH faAH­
rrOlbCKH TecHau" ,n:a 6H paTOBao C fpu,HMa. Ma,n:a je C lbHMa
,n:yro BO,n:HO 60p6y, HrraK je 'leIllne 6HO rr06e,n:HHK Hero rro-
HerrpeKH,n:HHM rrlha'lKaIllKHM rroxo,n:HMa Ben je 6HO
H3HypHO CHare fpKa H Tpa'laHa, a H HHKO ce o,n: cyce,n:HHx
Hapo,n:a HHje Morao orAe,n:aTH C lbHM Y op~jy. CMaTpajy­
nH, ,n:aKAe, ,n:a je ,n:OBOlbHO crrpeMaH ,n:a Y3HeMHpaBa, IllTa­
BHIlle ,n:a Harra,z::(a cyce,n:He xpHIllnaHe, KOjH cy Ben Ta,z::(a
. 6HAH caCBHM cAa6H, orrce,n:e rpa,z::( Je,n:peHe H 3a KpaTKo
Oceo)u
2paiJ XaiJpuja- BpeMe ~arocrro,n:apH lbHMe..fla . KaKO My ce lberoB AerrH
Hono.nuc. rrOAO)KaJ H BpAO rrAo,n:aH KPa.l KOJH ce HaAa3H H3Me1)y peKe
Xe6pa H MeAaHTea H3Ha,n: CBera CBH,n:eo, rrpeHece cBoje ce­
ITpece.nu ceojy ,n:HIllTe H3 Bpyce Ha OBO Mecro. flocAe CYAejMaHoBe CMpTH
npecmoHuyy U3 . 315
Epyce. rrpey3eo Je BAaCT lberoB 6paT MypaT, rrpBH OBor HMeHa,'
.iKeAerm ,n:a rrpOIllHpH rpaHHu,e u,apcTBa y EBporrH, OH je
npeIllao nOMeHYTY peKY H ,n:OIllao ,n:o peKe CTpYMHu,e C Ha­
MepOM ,n:a Harra,n:He 3eMlhe KHe3a l\a3apa, jep l\a3ap (Ka­
KO H3BeIllTaBa JOBaH l\eYHKAaBHje) rrOMarao YrpHMa H
no,n:CTHu,ao HX ,n:a y,n:ape Ha TypKe. Ka,z::( TO ,n:03Hao l\a3ap
314 H ,n:pyrH KHe30BH H rocno,n:a paIllKa H 60caHCKa, 6e3 HKa­
PeKP- I':.ojy KBor O.llAaralba cpe,n:HIlle BojcKe H rro1)oIlle y cycpeT
C.noeeHu 30ey TYPu,HMa KOjH cy Ben 6HAH npeIllAH peKY CTPYMHU,y, rra ce
CmpYMuya, yTa60pHIlle He,n:aAeKO o,n: TypaKa. KHe3 l\a3ap je 6HO BP­
30ee ce mal':.oOe .
u CmpUM0He. XOBHH 3arroBe,n:HHK xpHIllnaHcKor Ta60pa. OH Je 6HO y,n:ao
(KaKO je pe'leHO) CBOjy Mapy 3a BJKa BpaHKOBHna, a
K06~u.;:~~em BYKocaBY 3a MHAOIlla K06HAHna, KOjH ce PO,n:HO y TjeH­
KHe3a IW.3apa, THIllTy 6AH3Y HOBora fla3apa H 6HO o,n:rojeH Ha l\a3apeBOM
pov eH y ,n:BOpy. 113Me1)y OBe Jl:Be cecrpe ,n:OIllAO je je,n:HOM ,n:o cBa1)e.
1]eHmUw.my. BYKocaBa je, HaHMe, XBaAHAa H rrpeTrrOCTaBlhaAa Bpe,n:HOCT
cBora MyLKa BYKy BpaHKoBHny, a TO je BYKOBY LKeHY Mapy
380
jaKo yape,n:HAO, na je OIllaMapHAa CBOjy cecTpy. Ka,z::( Je OHa
TO HCnpH'laAa cBOMe M~, OH cMecra nOTpaLKHO BYKa
H cacyo Ha lbera MHoro yBpe,n:a, Te ra rr03Bao Ha Mer,n:aH, 113abe Ha
oeo6oj c
,n:a ce BH,n:H je AH HCTHHa OHO IllTO je 6HAa Ka3aAa lberoBa ByKoM
)KeHa 11 Ma,z::(a l\a3ap rrOKYIllao ,n:a HX H3MHpH, EpaHKOeuheM.
HnaK HHje ycneo Crrpe'lHTH ,n:a ce Me1)yc06HO rrOTYKY KaKO
6H H je,n:aH H ,n:pyrH nOKa3aAH CBOjy Bpe,n:HOCT.
MHAOIll y ,n:Bo60jy 36au,HO BYKa c KOlba, BeAHKaIllH KOjH cy
crajaAH YHaOKOAO HHCY ,n:03BOAHAH ,n:a ra ,n:albe y,n:apa. flo­
CAe Tora cy HX KHe3 l\a3ap H ,n:pyrH BeAHKaIllH H3MHpHAH,
HO TO H3MHpelbe 6eIlle BHIlle AaLKHO Hero o,n: cpu,a. 3aTo
ByK HHje nponyIllTao HHje,n:HY rrpHAHKY ,n:a MHAoIlla OU,pHH
KO,n: Tacra. flOIllTO ce Ta,n:a l\a3ap HaMepHo y,n:apHTH Ha
lberOB 3eT BYK ra je yn030pHo ,n:a rra3H Ha MHAOIlla,
Tpe6a ,n:a 3Ha ,n:a OH y TajHocTH Illypyje C TYPu,HMa KaKO
6H ra H3,n:ao. .iKeAenH ,n:a TO rrpOBepH, l\a3ap n03Ba Ha Be­
'lepy H3BecraH 6poj BeAHKaIlla H KaneTaHe BojcKe y Ha­
MepH ,n:a y TOKY Be'lepe rrpeKopH MHAOIlla 3a Ty Ka­
KO 6H ra, aKO ce yBepH 0 3Ao,n:eAY, Morao Ka3HHTH Uep KaKo C.noeeHU
U3MIUfJbyjy
CAOBeHH HMajy 06H'laj BHHOM, a He MyqelbeM OTKpHBaTH majlle.
TajHej, HAH, aKO Ha1)e ,n:a je HeBHH, ,n:a ce caM OCA060,n:H
cyMlbe Koja ra je Ben. 6HAa rrO'leAa My'lHTH. ,LI,aKAe, 3a
BpeMe Be'lepe KHe3 l\a3ap ce OKpeHe npeMa MHAOIllY, na
,n:pLKenH y ,n:eCHoj PyU,H rryH nexap BHHa, pe'le: MH­
AOIlle, ,n:apyjeM OBO BHHO 3aje,n:HO C rrexapOM, H nope,n: Tora
IllTO cre KO,n: MeHe OKpHBlheHH 3a H3,n:ajcrBO." MHAOIll,
Me1)YTHM, He nOKa3a Ha AHU,y HHKaKaB 3HaK KOjH 6H o,n:a­
Bao TaKaB rpex H HcrrH npHMlheHH rrexap. 3aTHM YCTaBIllH
rrO'le OBaKO 6ece,n:HTH: "HHje ca,z::(a BpeMe, KHeLKe H rocrro­ MUJlow.ee
,n:apy MOj l\a3ape, ,n:a ce npenHpeMo, jep je HenpHjaTelh Ben o02oeop I':.He3Y
y 60jHOM pe,n:y. CyTpa yjYTPO rroKa3any ,n:eAOM ,n:a je MOj ll.a3apy.
T~HTelh KAeBeTHHK H AaLKOB H ,n:a caM YBeK 6HO BepaH
CBOMe rocno,n:apy." l\a3ap My HHIllTa He O,n:roBOPH, Hero ra
rr03Ba ,n:a rrOHOBO ce,n:He. Ho MHAOIll 'lHTaBY Ty Hon HHje
yonIllTe 3acrrao, rra y OCBHT 30pe, a ,n:a TO HHKO HHje rrpH­
MUJlOw. no6ec­
MeTHO, y3jaxa KOlba H C KorrlheM OKpeHyTHM YHa3a,z::( (IllTO He y mypcl\U
je KO,n: CAOBeHa 3HaK 6eryHu,a) ,n:01)e y Ta60p TypaKa, KO,n: ma6op.
KojHX je 6HO Ha BeAHKoj u,eHH. CTOra je CMeCTa 6HO yae,n:eH
no,n: IllaTop TypcKor u,apa, KOjH ce jaKO 06pa,n:oBao lber­ MUJlOw. y6uje
Mypama_
OBOM ,n:oAacKy. 11 TY, 6au,HBIllH ce Ha 3eMlhy (KaKO je 06H'laj
KO,n: TypaKa) nOKAOHH ce u,apy, H ,n:OK cTajaIlle norHYTe
rAase ,n:a My nOlhy6H PYKY, KPa,z::(OM H3Byqe 60,n:e)K KOjH je
,n:p)Kao CKpHBeH y He,n:pHMa, H 3a6Hja ra MypaTY y Tp6yx.
11 ,n:OK je H3 rreTHHX )KHAa HacTojao ,n:a rro6erHe H3 IllaTopa,
paHH ra, Ha Hecpeny, u,apeBa TeAeCHa CTpa)Ka, H Ty
rrOCAe norH6e. OB,n:e l\aoHHK H3paLKasa MaAY CYMlbY KaKO
je MHAOIll ,n:OXBaTHO Korrlhe ,n:a CMPTHO paHH MypaTa a ,n:a
6HO 3a,n:pLKaH o,n: jaHH'lapa. Me1)YTHM, KaKO je pe'leHO,
381
 r
MHAOili HHje HOCHO KOrrlhe ,l1,a I-hHMe y6Hje Typ'-lHHa, Ben ,l1,a
rrOKruKe ,l1,a ce O,l1,MeTHYO 0,l1, xpHilinaHa, HHTH je KorrlheM
(KaKO HeKH Bepyjy) CMPTHO paHHO BapBapHHa, Ben 60,l1,e­
)KOM. CTora 0,l1, OHor BpeMeHa (KaKO H3BeiliTaBajy i\aoHHK
H i\eYHKAaBHje) KO,l1, TypaKa BruKH 3aKOH Ka,lJ, HeKO ,l1,OAa3H
,l1,a rrolby6H PYKY lhHXOBOM BAa,lJ,apy, ,l1,a Tora ,l1,BojHua O,l1,
CTpa)Kapa ,l1,p)Ke 3a pYKe KaKO He 6H Morao HaHeTH KaKBO
3AO I-heroEoj AH'-IHOCTH, KaKO je TO y'lHHHO MHAOili Mypary.
I10IlITO je, ,l1,aKAe, MHAOili Ha rrOMeHYTH Ha'-lHH rr06erao H
BeC'T ce rrpOIlIHpHAa y xpHIlInaHcKoM Ta60py, He 3HajynH
jOili YBeK IlITa ce ,l1,eCHAO C TYP'-lHHOM, HeKH 3arrOBe,l1,HHUH
XpuwhaHcx:u
3anoecdHUlJu
ce rrO'-leilie 60jaTH 3a HCXO,l1, CTBapH H rOBopHTH ,l1,a He BH,l1,e
ce o6ccxpa6pe. MorynHoCTH 3a crracelhe. OHH cy HarOBapaAH OCTaAe,l1,a 6H
6HAO H36enH 6op6y H rrOAO)KHTH op~je, Te ce rro-
KOpHTH HerrPHj aTelbY· Ka,lJ, je TO BH,l1,eO KHe3 rr03Ba
Beceda KHC3a K Ce6H CBe cBoje lhY,l1,e, Te HM CTa,lJ,e OBaKO roBoPHTH:
/lruapa ,l1,a, KY,l1,a cy HIlI'-Ie3Ae, xpa6pH ,l1,PYTOBH MOjH, OHe BaIlIe
eojHUlJu.Ma. peTKe BpAHHe, '-IBpCTHHa H O,l1,Ba)KHOCT C rrpe3HpOM caMe
CMPTH, BpAHHe Koje cy Bac ,l1,0 ,l1,aHaC, Ha orpoMHy CAaBY
'-IHTaBe Cp6Hje (CAaBoHHje, tutta Slauonia), Y3,l1,HrAe H3Ha,lJ,
lllTa MO)KeMO Y'fHHHTH? MO)KeMO yMpeTH, aAH Kao
lhY,l1,H. MO)KeMO H3ry6HTH )KHBOT, aAH ce6H Ha '-IaCT, a Ha
316 IlITeTY rrpOTHBHHKa. MO)KeMO Y'fHHHTH ,l1,a HaM rrpe ,l1,ol)e
CMpm oHaj KOHa'-lHH Kpaj ,l1,0 Kojera CBH pol)eHH ,l1,OAa3e, aAH Ha
cepwemKa HaIlIY KOPHCT, a Ha nponaCT HerrpHjaTelha. 3ap HHje MHoro
ceux 3Q.Jla. 6 Olhe CAaBHO yMpeTH Hero cpaMOTHO )KHBeTH.? 3 ap ce HKa,lJ,
MO)Ke 60lhe yMpeTH Hero rrpe HO IIlTO ce )KeAH CMpT?
KruKHTe MH, aKO npHCTaHeTe ,l1,a 6Y,l1,eTe lhHXOBH P060BH,
3ap HeneTe yMpeTH Kao H ,l1,pyrH, Ka,lJ, CBH Mopajy YMpeTH?
YMpeneTe CBaKaKO, aAH y3 6ecKpajHo MY'feILe, rrpeKOp,
CTH,l1, H cpaMOTY He caMO BaIIlY Hero '-IHTaBe BaIIle 3eMAae.
3ap HHje 60lbe, Ka,l1, ce Ben je,l1,HOM Mopa yMpeTH, YMpeTH'
Haop~aH H Kao '-IaCTaH 'lOBeK Hero yMpeTH H ro, H y
AaHUHMa, H rrpeKAaH Kao )KHBOTHlha? AKO CTe YBepeHH ,l1,a
CBaKaKO MopaTe yMpeTH, KaKBa je TO HaHBHOCT BaIIla
60jaTH ce He'lera IIlTO HHKO He MO)Ke H36enH. CMpT ce He
H36eraBa O,lJ,AaralheM, aAH ce 3aTO MHoro yMalhyje CAaBa
Ka,l1, ce HaCTojH ,l1,a ce H36erHe. 3ap je CMpT ,l1,pyro Hero
CBpIIleTaK H CBHX 3aAa? OHa, KOAHKO Haili pa3YM
Ka)Ke, He MO)Ke 6HTH TeIlIKa, jep 6HBa y je,l1,HOM 'lacy; HH
ropKa, C lhOM CBe MYKe H naTlhe; a 3aueAO HH
HH ,l1,OCa,l1,Ha, jep 6HBa caMO je,l1,HOM. AKO je, ,l1,aKAe,
CMpT TaKBa, 3aIIlTO je ce TOAHKO 60jHMO? 3aIlITo ,l1,a
H36erHeMo CMPT, MHCAHMO AH yMHpaTH XHlba,lJ,y nyTa
Ha '-lac? HeKa HeKa 6e)KH H3 BaIlIe naMeTH, H3
CAOBeHCKe KpBH rrOMHcao Ha npe,l1,ajy H
PorrCTBO. AKO ce ,l1,albe He MO)Ke )KHBeTH, YMPHMO Mel)y
CBOjHM H TO yMpHMO HaopY)KaHH npOTHB
382
Haop~aHHX. ,llpyrH Hap0,l1,H yMHpy Ha rrepjy, 06pBaHH
rO,l1,HHaMa, HCTpOIlIeHH BpeMeHOM, MY'feHH rp03HHUOM H
XHlba,l1,aMa pa3HHX HeBOlba: CAOBeHH yMHpy 0,l1,
Ma'-la, O,l1, Ma'la yMHpy je,l1,HHO CAOBeHH. AAH y6HjajynH ,l1,eo
HerrpHjaTelha H oCBenyjynH ce6e TaKO ,l1,a H caMH HenpH­
jaTelbH, na MaKap 6HAH YBeK OnAaKYjy lhHXOBY
CMpT. A KO 3Ha, aKO ce O,lJ,AY'fHMO ,l1,a 6Y,l1,eMO CAOBeHH, TO
3Ha'lH CAaBHH H n06e,l1,HHUH ,l1,0 ca,lJ,a y 6op6H 3a CBa MeCTa
Koja ra3HMO MH H Koja cy ra3HAH HaIIlH npeUH, HAH,l1,a 6ap
6Y,l1,eMO lbY,l1,H KOjH MOry PYKoBaTH Ma'-leM H 3Hajy xpa6po
H 6HTH y6HjeHH, KO 3Ha, peKox, ,l1,a MH HeneMo
y6HjaTH ILHX HCTO TaKO ,l1,o6po Kao H OHH Hac? Cpena rro­
Cpeha no­
MruKe CMeAe, a He ,l1,OHOCH 6poj, Ben xpa6poCT BOj­ MG.JKe xpa6pe.
HHKa H MY,l1,POCT 3arrOBe,l1,HHKa. Ha HaIlIoj je cTpaHH CBa
npaB,l1,a, jep je HerrpHjaTelb YIIlao y HaIlIY 3eMlbY H 3aY3eo
MHora MeCTa. Y Hy)K,l1,H CMO Koja 06H'-IHO 'lHHH CMeAHM H 317
HajBene KYKaBHue; HMaMO TOAHKO op~ja ,l1,a ne HaM, aKO
ra 6Y,l1,eMO xpa6po ynoTpe6HAH, HAH OTBOPHTH nyT CBY,l1,a,
HAll CTBOPHTH TaKO BeAHKO ,l1,PYiliTBO ,l1,a ne caMH HerrpH­
jaTelhH H OCTaAH onAaKHBaTH HaIlIY CMpT. AKo, ,l1,aKAe, MH
CTaBHMO CBe Ha KOUKY H, roTOBO y o'-lajalhY 3a CBOj crrac,
cynpoTCTaBHMO ce H xpa6po Harra,l1,HeMO HerrpHjaTelba,
YBepHneTe ce KaKO o'-lajaILe YBeK H3BAa'-lH '"IOBeKa H3 He­
BOlba H ,l1,OBO,l1,H Haj'leiline ,l1,0 HajBHIlIer CTeneHa 3a,lJ,OBOlb­
CTBa 0 KojeM je je,l1,Ba H calhao." He nycTHilie ra ,l1,a Ha­
CTaBH, HHTH Ca'-leKailie ,l1,pyre pa3Aore Ka,lJ,a HX rrOHOBO
3aXBaTH rrpel)aIlIlhH 3aHOC, na CBH ,l1,0 je,l1,HOr H ca CBHX
cTpaHa, paCrralbeHH ,l1,peBHHM CAOBeHCKHM 6ecoM, nOBHKa­
IlIe: "Y 60j, y 60j!" I1aIlIe H ,l1,pyrH TypCKH 3arrOBe,l1,HHUH,
Ma,lJ,a cy cMpny CBora rocrro,l1,apa 6HAH BeOMa PruKaAOIlI­
neHH, HnaK ce He npe,l1,a,lJ,OIlIe Ty3H, Ben cy C MHoro pa3­
60PHTOCTH ,l1,P)KaAH Y TajHocTH lheroBY CMpT, KaKO npe,l1,
HenpHjaTelbHMa TaKO H npe,l1,
TyP1&U
6HO n03HaT cAy'laj. OBaj je HapO,l1, BeOMa nocTojaH y nocmojaHo
TalhY H y '-IyBalhy TajHH Koje cy 3a lhHX HenOBOlbHe, Te HM t{yeajy majHe.
HeMoryne HH 3aCTpaIlIHBalheM HH 06enalhHMa
H3 YCTa pe'-l KOjOM 6H HaroBecTHAH OHO IlITO lhHXOBH
rOCrrO,l1,apH )KeAe ,l1,a OCTaHe y TajHoCTH. CTora rrpe Hero
IlITO ce rrpOIIlHpHAa BeCT Koja 6H 3a lhHX MorAa 6HTH Beo­ [Jawe 3aOpJKe
Ma onaCHa, TypCKH 3anOBe,l1,HHUH cy rroCTpojHAH Typx:c
na OHO IlITO je Tpe6aAo Pa,lJ,HTH 3a cAaBY CBora rocno,l1,apa, cnpeMHe Ha
6CKcmeo.
CBaKO Pa,lJ,HO 3a BAaCTHTH cnac. TaKo C BeAHKOM cp'-la­
Hana,lJ,ajy HenpHjaTelba, a HH HM ce He
onHpy C MaI-hOM xpa6poiliny. Bop6a ce, ,l1,aKAe, BO,l1,H )Kec­
TOKO C 06e cTpaHe: cBY,l1,a na,l1,ajy, OB,l1,e xpHIlInaHH, TaMO
TYPUH, KOjH cy je,l1,Ba O,l1,OAeBaAH )KeCTHHH PailiaHa H: ,l1,py­
rHX CAoBeHa. HeKH cy 0,l1, TypaKa 6HAH HanYCTHAH nOAO)Kaj
H rroBYKAH ce HaTpar y HaMepH,l1,a rro6eI'liy. Ta,l1,a TypCKH
383
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3arrOBe,n:HI'W:H CTa,n:OIIle y CaB rAac BHKaTH: "Ky,n:a 6e)KHTe,
MyxaMe,n:aHU:H? TI03a,n:H peKa CTPYMHu:a, 3,n:eCHa HerrpHja­
Telh, a CAeBa JerejcKo Mope CrrpeqaBajy HaM 6eKCTBO. 3ap
HHje qaCHHje yMpeTH y 60p6H Kao lhy,n:H Hero 6e)Ketm rrpe,n:
HerrpHjaTelheM YTorrHTH ce Y BaAOBHMa rrorrYT CTOKe? Ky,n:a
ce ,n:e,n:e, 0, TYPU:H, oHaj .n:yx H OHa xpa6pOCT KOjOM cTe,
rrpeAa3enH XeAecrrOHT, )KJ,n:eAH 3a u:apcTBoM y EBporrH?
&H CTe MO)K.ll:a ,n:OIIlAH ,n:oB,n:e caMO 3aTO ,n:a H3 HaIIle cpa­
MOTe rrpOH3Hbe Bena CAaBa H yrAe,n: CAOBeHCKor Hapo,n:a?"
He caMO OBa 60,n:pelDa H peqH 3arrOBe,n:HHKa Ben H (KaKO
qeCTO 6HBa) OqajHHqKa rrOMHcao Ha BAaCTHTH crrac pacrra-
318
AHAH cy .n:yxOBe TypaKa TaKO ,n:a, rrOBpaTHBIIlH xpa6pOCT H
cHary, rrOqHlDY ca JOIIl BenOM )KeCTHHOM ,n:a Harra,n:ajy rro­
HOBO, rra y3 rrOKAHqe H 6YKY ,n:a jypHIIlajy Ha HerrpHjaTelha.
Ka,n: TO BH,n:e KHe3 Aa3ap, KOjH ce HeIIlTe,n:HMHu:e 60PHO, H
Ka,n: rrpHMeTH ,n:a My je KOlD rrpeMopeH, rrOIIlTO je 60p6a
TpajaAa o,n: H3AaCKa cyHu:a ,n:o rrOCAe ocaM qaCOBa, OCTaBH
Tora KOlDa, a y3jaxa ,n:pyrora, O,n:MOPHOr. lherOBH lhy,n:H, Me­
bYTHM, KOjH cy ra BH,n:eAH KaKO ce CMeAO 60PH y rrpBHM pe­
KHe3/lQ.3ap ,n:OBHMa CBera YMplhaHor KpBlhy, H CBOjOM H HerrpHjaTelh­
CICPU6U nopQ.3 CKOM, H3ry6HBIIlH ra H3 BH,n:a y OHO KpaTKo BpeMe ,n:OK je
xpuw.rtaHa Ha
rrpOMeHHO KOlDa, rrOMHCAHIIle ,n:a je rrao MpTaB Ha 3eMlhY,
Kocoey IIoJby.
Te CBH y3HeMHpeHH rrOqeIIle Y3MHu:aTH H pacTpojaBaTH ceo
YrrpKOC TOMe IIlTO ce Aa3ap rrOKa3HBao H HacTojao ,n:a HX
rrOBe)Ke H CaKJrrH, OHH cy H ,n:alhe 6e)Ka.AH. 3aTO 6H H OH
6HO rrpHCHlheH ,n:a KpeHe 3a rAaBHHHOM BojcKe H ,n:a 6e)KH
KaKO 6H ce crracao. 1136eraBajynH rAaBHH ,n:pyM ,n:a He 6H
Ha6acao Ha HerrpHjaTelha, yrra,n:e 3aje,n:HO C KOlDeM y je,n:HY
HeBH.ll:lhHBY pyrry rroKpHBeHY 3eMlhOM H rpalDeM KOjy cy ce­
lhaU:H 6HAH HCKOrraAH,n:a 6H YXBaTHAH HeKY 3Bep. Ty ra cy­
PQ.3Ha CTHrOIIle H y6HIIle HerrpHjaTelhH KOjH cy ra rOHHAH. Ho
MUWJbe1ba 0 rrpeMa Ka3HBalDY ¢HAHrra AeOHHu:epa y I. KlDH3H H KaK<Y'
CMpmu ICHe3a rrHIIle y TypCKHM aHaAHMa, Aa3ap je 6HO YXBaneH )KHB, Te
/la3apa.
My je y HerrpHjaTelhcKOM Ta60py 0,n:py6lheHa rAaBa. 3aTHM
/la3ap nOliuea je rrOKorraH y PaBaHHU:H (PecaBH), y je,n:Hoj BpAO Aerroj u:p­
y PaeaHUl&U. KBH, Koja je CBa ca3H,n:aHa o,n: MeIIlaHor MepMepa, H Ty ce
JOIIl H ,n:aHac BH,n:H lDeroBo TeAO y je,n:HOM 3AaTOM H3Be3e­
HOM rrOKpOBY KOjH je, K~, H3Be3Aa lDerOBa )KeHa MHAH­
Kocoeo IIoJbe. u:a. MecTo r,n:e ce o,n:HrpaAa OBa 6HTKa 30Be ce KOCOBO TIo­
lhe. OHO ce (KaKO rrHIIle EOHcPHHH) HaAa3H Ha rpaHHu:aMa
PaIIlKe H EyrapCKe. YrpH ra 30BY Rigomezev, a AaTHHH
Campo Merulo. ¢paHqeCKO CaHCOBHHO ra 30Be HCKBapeHO
Campo Cassovino. Cpe,n:HHOM OBora rrOlha rrpOTHqe peKa
CHTHHu:a, Koja H3BHpe H3 HAHPCKHX rrAaHHHa a YTHqe y
LIYHaB. Ha TOM Mecry 6eIIle pacrropeHO MypaToBo TeAO,
H3BabeHa YTp06a H Ty rrOKorraHa. TaKO ce JOIIl H ,n:aHac
Mypamoee
zp06HUl&e. BH,n:H OH,n:e je,n:Ha KYAa KOjy Ha3HBajy MypaToBHM rp060M H
rrHpaMH,n:OM. TIOTOM je lDerOBO TeAO rrpeHeTO, He y COcPHjy
384
(KaKO HeKH peKOIIle), Ben y Epycy, rra Ty rrOAO)KeHO y rp06
lDerOBHX rrpe,n:aKa KOjH ce HaAa3H 6AH3Y EalDe Epyce, a 3a MUJwweea
ycrroMeHY, Ha rp06 je 06eIIleHa MHAOIIleBa pYKa OKOBaHa y pYlCa o6eweHa
Ha Mypamoe
cpe6po. Y OBOj 6HU:H rraAe cy MHore AHqHOCTH H3 PaIIlKe H zpo6.
EocHe. KaKO je 60caHcKH 6aH TBpTKO 6HO Y caBe3Y C KHe­ BocaHclCU
30M Aa3apOM, 6eIIle My rrOCAao y rrOMon CBOjy BOjCKY rro,n: 3anoeeoHuIC
BJtamlCo
3arrOBe,n:HHIIlTBOM BojBo,n:e BAaTKa BYKOBHna. BYKOBHn je
BYlCoeun.
C MaAO CBOjHX lhy,n:H rr06erao rrOCAe rrOMeHYTe 6HTKe, Koja 319
ce 36HAa Ha KOCOBY 15. jYHa 1389. ro,n:HHe. MebyrHM, 3eT
KHe3a Aa3apa BYK EpaHKoBHn crracao ce rOTOBO ca CBHM /lQ.3apa u30a
1bezoe 3em
CBOjHM lhy,n:HMa, rrOIIlTO je (KaKo HeKH K~) HMao TajHe
BylC.
rrperoBope C MypaToM ,n:a H3,n:a (KaKo je H yqHHHO) CBora
TaCTa ,n:a 6H ce ,n:oKorrao lDerOBe ,n:p)KaBe. TaKo je rrOCAe
lDerOBe CMpTH H OCTao rocrro,n:ap je,n:Hor ,n:eAa PaIIlKe, ,n:OK
je ,n:pyrH ,n:eo ,n:06HAa Aa3apeBa )KeHa MHAHu:a H Aa3apeBa
.n:Ba HejaKa CHHa, CTecPaH H BYK. HeIIlTO KacHHje Meby
lDHMa je ,n:OIIlAO ,n:o BeAHKHX H TeIIlKHX pa3MHpHu:a. MHAH­ TYPl&U nOMOZ­
u:a ce CTora 06paTHAa TypqHHY, rra je OH 0.n:y3eo 3eMlhY Hy /la3apeeoj
JlCeHU MUJ!ul&u
ByKY EpaHKoBHny H rrpe,n:ao je lDeroBHM IIlypaU:HMa, CHHO­
npomue3ema
BHMa KHe3a Aa3apa, pYIIlenH yje,n:HO rpa,n:OBe H TBpbaBe BYlCa.
Koje je BYK ,n:p)Kao y PaIIlKoj. lheroBoj rraK )KeHH MapH H
lDeroBHM CHHOBHMa, Tj. rprypy, 1)ypby H Aa3apy, 6HAO je
o,n:BojeHo TOAHKO 3eMlhe ,n:a cy MorAH HeKaKO )KHBeTH. Typ­
U:H cy 3a,n:P)KaAH 3a ce6e ,n:Ba YTBpbeHa rpa,n:a. A BYK Epa­
HKoBHn, Kora je rypCKH u:ap 6HO 6aU:Ho y TaMHHU:Y, YCKOPO
je 6HO rryrnTeH, Te rOTOBO O,n:Max rrOCAe Tora ce H yrroKojHo. Pa3Ha
MUWJbe1ba 0
CYMlDaAO ce ,n:a ra je OTpOBaAa TaIIlTa . .llpyrH BeAe ,n:a ra je
CMpmu BylCa
3aTBopHo y TaMHHU:Y y TIAOB,n:HBY Eaja3HToB CHH Myca, KO­ BpaHIC06Una.
jH je KacHHje y6HO lDerOBor CHHa Aa3apa, rra ,n:a je BYK
rroTKYrrHo HOBu:eM TaMHHqKe CTpa)Kape Te o,n:aTAe rr06erao.
Ka,n: ce BpaTHo KYnH, rrOIIlao je y 3eMlhY 1)ypba EaAIIlHna,
,n:pyror 3eTa KHe3a Aa3apa. 1)ypab ra je rr03Bao rrpe,n:a ce H
rrpeKopHo 360r H3,n:aje TaCTa, a 3aTHM je Hape,n:Ho ,n:a MY
0,n:py6e rAaBy. 0 TOMe HHje HHIIlTa 3HaAa lDeroBa TaIIlTa
MHAHu:a . .lla 6H IIlTO 60lhe cpe,n:HAa cBoje o,n:Hoce C TyPU:H -
Ma, MHAHu:a je ,n:aAa 3a )KeHY Eaja3HTy TIPBOM, u:apy Typ­
CKOM, CBOjy Khep MHAeBY, KaKO rrHIIle JOBaH AeYHKAaBHje
y I1CTOPHjH TypaKa. lhy je rrOCAe 3aje,n:HO C MJ)KeM 3ap06HO
TaMepAaH. Ka,n: ce TaMepAaH BpaTHo y CKHTHjy, rrpHpe,n:Ho
je pacKoIIlHY r036y CBOj rocrro,n:H H KHe30BHMa CKHTHje. Ha
Ty r036y je 6HO ,n:orrpeMlheH KaBe3 y KojeM je 6HO 3aTBopeH
Eaja3HT. TaMepAaH je Hape,n:Ho ,n:a ,n:oBe.n:y H Eaja3HTOBY
)KeHY, Te ,n:a joj o,n:ceKY XalhHHe CBe ,n:o rryrrKa, TaKO ,n:a cy
joj ce BH,n:eAH CTH,n:HH ,n:eAoBH, rra ,n:a TaKBa pa3HocH jeAa
3BaHHU:HMa Ha r036H. TIpHcHlheH ,n:a rAe,n:a TO, lDeH MJ)K
Eaja3HT je 6HO 6ecKpajHo Ty)KaH 360r lDeHe ra,n:He K06H. CaMoy6ucmeo
CTora OMyqH ,n:a ce y6Hje, HO KaKO HHje HMao qHMe ,n:a TO TypliuHa
H3Be,n:e, y,n:apao je rAaBOM 0 rrpeqKe KaBe3a ,n:OK ce HHje Baja3uma.
385
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320 HeBOlbHO H 6e,n;HO Ha Kpajy y6HO. I::beroBa )KeHa MHAeBa
ynoKojHAa ce ,n;pyrH ,n;aH rrOCAe I:beroBe CMpTH. j],aKAe, rro­
lIITO je Aa3apeBa ,n;p)KaBa 6HAa rrO,n;elbeHa (KaKO peKOCMO)
3ael.{aH U Ha BHIlIe ,n;eAOBa, HHje rrpoIllAO MHoro a BYKOBa )KeHa
Je.llal.{ npu­
Mapa je 3aje,n;Ho ca CBOjHM CHHOBHMa rroBpaTHAa 3eMlbe
naiJaxy Byx:y
CBora ~a, ceM ,n;Ba YTBpl)eHa rpa,n;a 3Be'laHa H JeAe'la,
BpaHx:oauny.
Koje cy ,n;P)KaAH TyPU;H. )ly6pOB'laHH cy ce y TO BpeMe rro­
3axaa.J1.HOCm u Ka3aAH BeOMa 6Aaro,n;apHH H BepHH jep cy rrOBpaTH­
odwtOcm/Zy- AH I:beroBoj )KeHH BeAHKe Bpe,n;HOCTH Koje je OH 6HO OCTa­
6po€ftl.alia Byx:y
BpaHx:oauny. BHO KO,n; I:bHX Ha "lYBaI:be. OCTaAO rraK, IllTO ce HaAa3HAO
KO,n; ,n;pyrHx, HHKa,n; HHje ,n;o6HAa. BYK BpaHKOBHh, 0 KOMe
je pe'l, 6HO je 6ecrrpeKopaH H rrpaBe,n;HO rroCTynao, a rrpe­
Ma )ly6pOB'laHHMa ce YBeK O,n;HOCHO Kao rrpaBH rrpHjaTelb
H BeOMa 'lOBe'lHO rrocTyrrao rrpeMa If,HXOBHM TprOBU;HMa y
CBOjOj 3eMlbH, y KOjOj je BHIlle rryTa YKa3ao rrO'laCT HeKHM
,n;y6pOBa'lKHM rrAeMHhHMa. Ka,n; je I:berOBa )KeHa Mapa rro­
BpaTHAa If,eroBY ,n;p)KaBY (KaKO je pe'leHo), rrO'leAa je ,n;a
Illalbe cBoje CHHOBe C BOjCKOM Y cA~6y TyP'lHHY, 3a,n;p)Ka­
BajyhH YBeK KO,n; ce6e HajMAal)er pa,n;H ynpaBlbaI:ba ,n;p)Ka­
BOM. MeI)YTHM, KaKO cy ce CTecpaH H BYK, CHHOBH KHe3a
Aa3apa, HaIllAH ca cBoja ,n;Ba cecTpHha, CHHOBHMa BYKa
BpaHKoBHha, Tj. c fprypOM H 1)ypl)eM, KO,n; Baja3HTa rrpH­
AHKOM If,eroBe 6HTKe C TaMepAaHoM, rrOCAe Baja3HToBa
rropa3a CBH no6eroIlle y UapHrpa,n;, H3y3eB fprypa, Kora cy
TaTapH 6HAH 3apo6HAH, aAH ce rrOCAe oTKYnHo. j],OK cy ce
1} pa1) OHH, ,n;aKAe, HaAa3HAH y UapHrpa,n;y, 1)ypal) BpaHKoBHh je
Bpa~x:oeu1i Ha 3axTeB CBOjHX yjaKa CTecpaHa H BYKa 6HO 6a'leH y TaM­
gamOl.{eH. HHU;Y, jep cy OHH Mel)yco6Ho 6HAH HenpHjaTelbH. OBa cy ce,
HaHMe, ,n;Ba 6paTa npH60jaBaAa ,n;a OH He o,n;e y POMaHHjy
MYCAOMaHY QeAe6HjH, CHHY TypCKor u;apa, na,n;a He CTHrHe
npe If,HX y If,HXOBY rroKpajHHY. j],OK je paHHje rrOMeHYTH
CTecpaH 60paBHO y UapHrpa,n;y (KOHCTaHTHHonOlbY), ,n;06HO .,
je THTyAy ,n;ecrrOTa. OH ce ca CBOjHM 6paTOM yKpu;ao Ha
Ila~apea CUH je,n;HY MHTHAeHCKY raAHjy H ,n;orrAOBHO Hajrrpe no,n; YAU;HIf"
CmecpaH do6u a 3aTHM ce HCKpu;ao 6AH3Y Bapa. Haro)J;Ho ce ca CBOjHM
y KOliCmaHmu- 3eTOM 1)ypl)eM CTpaU;HMHpa BaAIllHha, rocno,n;apOM 3eTe,
HOnOJbY mumy- KojH My je ,n;ao MHOrO lby,n;H C KojHMa je ,n;OIllaO y PaIllKY. Y
.lly decnoma. Mel)YBpeMeHY je If,HXOB ceCTpHh 1)ypal) Ae)KaO y TaMHHU;H
y UapHrpa,n;y (KOHCTaHTHHOrrOlbY). j],ecnOT ra je TaMO 6HO
rrOBepHO HeKOM CBOM BAaCTeAHHY KOjH ra je, npHByqeH,
TyPl.{UH iJapyje MO)K)J;a, KaKBHM BeAHKHM o6ehaIf,eM, oCAo6o,n;HO, rrpOHa­
oC.l10601)eHoz . '11. t..
" ' ' 'a IllaBIllH KlbyqeBe TaMHHu;e. Ka,n; Je IJypalJ ,n;OIllaO TypCKOM
uypu . •.
u;apy, OBaJ ra Je AenO npHMHO H O,n;Max My ,n;ao ,n;a o6yqe
cBoje BAa,n;apCKO O,n;eAO, Te ra ,n;apOBao MHOrHM Bpe,n;HHM
CTBapHMa. II3Mel)y OCTaAOr ,n;apOBaO My je cBoje opy)Kje y
321 y6 . .
3HaK BeAHKe lb aBH H rrOBepeI:ba KOJe Je HMao y I:bera.
nomYl.{e 3aTHM MY ,n;a,n;e CBOjy BOjCKY, 'lHjHM je je,n;HHM ,n;eAOM KO-
Byx:a. Mp.H,n;OBaO l1ypal), a ,n;pyrHM TyPCKH 3anOBe,n;HHU;H. C ,n;pyre
386
CTpaHe, HH ,n;ecrrOT CTecpaH HHje nponycTHO ,n;a cnpeMH
,n;o6py BOjCKY, na jy je rro,n;eAHO Ha ,n;Ba ,n;eAa: je,n;HHM ,n;eAOM
je 3arrOBe,n;ao OH caM, a ,n;pyrHM ,n;eAOM If,erOB 6paT BYK.
Ka,n; je ,n;OIllAO ,n;o 6op6e H3Mel)y BYKa H 1)ypl)a, BYK ce
1}ypa1)
jYHa'lKH 60PHO Kao npaBH KarreTaH, aAH HrraK 6HO nopa­
nomYl.{e Byx:a.
)KeH H crracao ce c MaAO BojHHKa. To je 6HAO 25. HOBeM6pa
1402. ro,n;HHe. 3aMeTHYBllIH 6HTKY C TypCKHM KaneTaHH­
Ma, I:beroB 6paT CTecpaH HX je nopa3Ho H H3BojeBao no6e,n;y CmecpaH Had­
npe CTpaTerHjoM Hero xpa6poIIIhy CBOjHX BojHHKa. BHO je,
jal.{a Typx:e.
HaHMe, HeKH BAaCTeAHH no HMeHY YrlbeIllHu;a, Ba3aA H
caBe3HHK TypCKH, KOjH ce Ta,n;a HaAa3HO y TyPCKOj BOjCU;H.
Ka,n; je yrrpaBo Tpe6aAo ,n;a OTrrO'lHe 6HTKa, OH je YBepHo
TypKe ,n;a He rrpHXBaTe 6op6y, rrOIIITO Hehe MohH H3,n;p)Ka­
TH npBH HaAeT H Hana,n; xpHIIIhaHa. CTora, 'lHM je HaCTaAa
6HTKa, TypU;H ce CKOPO O,n;Max ,n;a,n;OIlle y 6eKCTBo. To je
6HO pa3Aor IIITO cy HX ,n;ecnOTOBH lby,n;H MHore noy6HjaAH.
j],ecrroT ce BpaTHo rtyT TpHrrolba, rrOY3,n;aHO BepyjyhH ,n;a he
3aTehH CBora 6paTa Kao rro6e,n;HHKa, HO 6HAO je caCBHM
CynPOTHO. Cycpeo ra je, HaHMe, rrYTeM Y rrpaTIf,H o,n; je,n;Ba
,n;Ba,n;eceTaK KOIf,aHHKa. CTecpaH ce 360r Tora BeOMa rrpe­
CTpaIllHO H CMeCTa cKpeHyo rrpeMa HOBOM Bp,n;y, a o,n;aTAe
rrpO)J;Y)KHO y CBOjy 3eMlbY, 'lHjH My je BeAHKH ,n;eo 1)ypal) 3a­
Y3eo rrOCAe KpaTKor BpeMeHa. Aim HH ,n;ecrrOT, ca cBoje
CTpaHe, HHje rrporrycTHo ,n;a My ce 3a TO ,n;eAHMH'lHO He oc­
BeTH. YIIIaBIIIH, HaHMe, c YrpHMa y 1)ypl)eBY 3eMlbY, TeIIIKO YZpu
je orrYCTOIIIHO. II TaKO je PaIIIKa 3a HeKO BpeMe 6HAa H3AO­ onycmow.e
)KeHa MHorHM pa3apaI:bHMa. Ha Kpajy je ,n;ecrrOT 3aKlhyqHO Paw.x:y.
C TYPU;HMa rrpHMHpje KaKO je If,HMa 6HAO no BOlbH. ByK
rraK, BH,n;ehH ,n;a ,n;ecrrOT He rrocTyrra c If,HM Kao rrpaBH 6paT
H ,n;a MY He ,n;a ,n;eo O'leBe ,n;p)KaBe, KpeHe C MHoro BAaCTeAe
Koja je 6HAa y If,eroBoj CA~6H rrpaBO Ha ,n;BOP TypCKor
u;apa. Uap My YKa)Ke BeAHKe rrO'laCTH H ycrynH ,n;o6ap KO­
Ma,n; 3eMlbe y POMaHHjH KaKO 6H Morao y,n;06HO )KHBeTH c
nOMeHYTOM CBOjOM BAaCTeAOM. Ka,n;je rrpOIllAO HeKO BpeMe, 322
BYK je yrropHo MOAHO H KYMHO o,n; 6paTa CBOj ,n;eo
rroKpajHHe, aAH My je oBaj HH rro KaKBY U;eHY HHje XTeo
yCTyrrHTH. 360r Tora je BYK, ,n;06HBIIIH o,n; Typ'lHHa BOjCKY
o,n; OKO TpH,n;eceT XHlba,n;a 6opau;a rro,n; 3arrOBe,n;HHIllTBOM
ABpaHo3a, y rrpaTIf,H 1)ypl)a BYKoBHha ,n;OIllao y PaIllKY,
Meceu;a MapTa 1409. ro,n;HHe H rryHHX IIIeCT MeceU;H OCTao
y PaIllKoj, rrycToIllehH H IIAeHehH OHa MeCTa Koja My ce
HHCY XTeAa rrpe,n;aTH. Ha Kpajy, rrOCAe MHoror CTpa,n;aI:ba
PaIIIKe, pe'leHa rocrro,n;a cy ce Haro,n;HAa, Te je ,n;ecnOT ,n;ao
,n;eo ,n;p)KaBe CBOM 6paTy 3a,n;p)KaBIIIH 3a ce6e 3eMlbY rrpeMa
)lyHaBY H HOBOM Bp,n;y. IIope,n; TOra, ,n;aBao je rrOAOBHHY
rrpHxo,n;a OBe 3eMlbe CBOM 6paTY BYKY, KOjH OCTa,n;e rocrro­
,n;ap ,n;pyror ,n;eAa 3eMlbe, o,n; MopaBe Ha 3ana,n;. Y paTy KOjH
387
 .,......
cy MeOYCOOHO BO,ll,Hllli Eaja3HToBH CHHOBH Myca H Myc­
AOMaH, ,ll,eClIOT je lIpHCTaO y3 HOBOr uapa Mycy, lIa lIOIllao
K lbeMY y POMaHHjy ca CBOjHM opaTOM BYKOM. TIpe ThH­
XOBor ,ll,OAaCKa lIao je y MYCHHe PYKe BYKOB ceCTpHh. 1\a­
3ap, KOjH je OHO 3aTO'leH y raAHlIOlbY, a KacHHje lIYllITeH.
YBe'le, yO'lH ,ll,aHa Ka.n.a he ce 3aMeTHYTH oHTKa, CBa CAO­
BeHCKa roclIO,ll,a oHAa cy KO,ll, Myce H 3aKAeAa My ce Ha Bep­
HOCT. MH, YlIPKOC TOMe, lIpe lIO'leTKa OHTKe BYK H TherOB
ceCTpHh 1\a3ap lIooeroIlle O,ll, Myce H lIpeOOIlle Ha CTpaHy
MYCJ!OMaH
nomytte y 60jy MYCAOMaHa. Y OHUH H3MeOY OBa ABa opaTa OCTa lIOOe,ll,HHK
6pamaMycy. MYCAOMaH, a MYCHHa BojcKa oeIlle pa30HjeHa H lIOp8.2KeHa.
Ka.n. je TO BH,ll,eO ,ll,eClIOT, lIooerao je y UapHrpa.n. (OBa
OHTKa O,ll,HrpaAa ce Ollli3Y pe'leHOra rpa.n.a 1410. rO,ll,HHe), a
O,ll,aTAe lIOCAe O,ll,e Ha BellliKO Mope. ,1l.olIlaBlIlH Ha ,llyHaB,
lIpeoe y BAaIllKj' KaKO OH CTHrao y CBOjy OOAaCT. BYK ca
CBojHM cecTpHheM 1\a3apeM OlIPOCTH ce O,ll, MycAoMaHa ,ll,a
OH ce BpaTHo Kj'hH H lIpe.nyxHTpHo ,ll,OAa3aK ,ll,eOlIOTa, 'lHjy
je oOAacT MycAoMaH lIpe,ll,aO ThHMa. MeOYTHM, lIyTeM cy
Myca nozy6u HaOaCaAH Ha TypKe MycHHe lIpHCTaAHue. OBH HX 3apooe H
aecnomoeo2
lIpHBe,ny MYCH, KOjH CMeCTa Hape,ll,H,ll,a ByKj' o,ll,pyoe rAaBY
6pama ByICa.
y je,ll,Hoj wyMH, a ,ll,a J\a3apa lIOlIlTe,ll,e. To je yqHHHO y
Ha,ll,H ,ll,a he Ha Taj Ha'lHH lIpHByhH Ha CBOjy CTpaHY 1\a3a­
peBa opaTa 1)YPoa, KOjH ce je Ta,ll,a HaAa3HO KO,ll, Myc­
AOMaHa. AAH 1)ypao HHKa.n. He lIpeoe Ha MYCHHY CTpaHy.
CTora, Ka,ll, ce HCTe rO,ll,HHe O,ll,HrpaAa ,ll,pyra OHTKa H3MeOY
OBa ABa opaTa lIpe,ll, rpa,ll,OM Je,ll,peHOM, MYCAOMaH je lIO­
HOBO lIopa3HO Mycy, lIa je OBaj Hape,ll,HO ,ll,a ce oe3 HKaKBa
Myca oapy6u y6 . lIpe,ll, O'lH ,ll,eClIOTY MHora ,ll,OOPO'lMHCTBa Koja cy My ,lly­
Z.1laey fla3apy. O)l.l\araH>a o~p H rAaBa H 1\a3apy, IllTO Je. OHAO H H3BpIlle­
HO. Ho Ka.n. Je XHlba.n.y 'leTHpH CTOTHHe H Je,ll,aHaeCTe ro,ll,H­
He YMpo MYCAOMaH, Myca je OCTao je,ll,HHH TypCKH roClIO­
,ll,ap y POMaHHjH. ,1l.0K je Myca OlICe,ll,aO CHAHBPHjy, rpa.n. y
POMaHHjH, 1)ypao, KOjH ce C lbHMe OHO H3MHpHO H OOPaBHO'
KO,ll, lbera, OHO je OOaBeIllTeH ,ll,a he ra TyP'lHH y lIPBOj lIpH­
AHUH lIOryOHTH. CTora ce OH lIO'leO lIpeTBapaTH ,ll,a 1KeAH
3aje,ll,HO C TYPUHMa ,ll,a y,ll,apH Ha lIoMeHYTH rpa.n., lIa, lIOIll­
TO ce lIpeTXO,ll,HO OHO ,ll,OrOBOpHO C OHHMa yHyTpa, YIllao je
323 y rpa.n. H TaKO ce ClIacao. OBH ,ll,OraoajH OHAH cy pa3Aor
13ypao ce no- IllTO ce 1)ypaO ClIopa3YMeo c ,ll,eClIOTM H IllTO cy ,ll,OUHHje
MUpU c yjarwM 1KHBellli Kao lIpHjaTelbH. 1)ypao je lIOIllTOBao yjaKa Kao
aecnomoM. oua. Ca.n.a, ,ll,aKAe, lIOIllTO je (KaKO je pe'leHO) Myca OCTao
Ha BAaCTH KO,ll, TypaKa, ,ll,OIllaO je 1415. rO,ll,HHe C BOjCKOM Y
PaIllKj', r,ll,e je 3aY3eo HeKe yTBpoeHe rpa.n.oBe H lIOKa3ao
BellliKj' OKPyTHOCT y ,ll,eClIoTOBoj 3eMlbH. ,1l.eclIOTY je ,ll,OIllaO
CaHaWb
XpaHuh
y lIOMOh H3 BocHe CaH,ll,alb XpaHHh H B~BO,ll,a TIeTap C
npumeICHe y MHoro BojHHKa, a H3 YrapCKe My je HCTO TaKO ,ll,OIllaO y lIO­
nOMoh Moh oaH MBaHHIll MOpOBHh. Ho Ma.n.a je ,ll,eClIOT HMao Y3a
ce TOAHKj' BOjCKj', HlIaK ce HHje YCY,ll,HO 3aMeTHYTH OHTKj' C
MYCOM, Kora je lberoB opaT KHPH:UH qeAeoHja, HaHIllaBlIlH
388
H3HeHa,ll,a C HeIllTO TaTapa, lIPHCHllliO ,ll,a HalIyCTH PalIlKj'.
Te HCTe ro,ll,HHe, 14. jYAa, OBa cy ,ll,Ba opaTa 3aMeTHYAa
OHTKj' y EyrapcKoj Ha Mecry 3BaHOM MCKpa, H Ty je Myca Mycy nopasu
u y6uje 6pam.
OHO lIOp8.2KeH H YXBaheH 1KHB, Te je CMeCTa YMopeH ra.n.­
HOM CMphy. 1)ypao, KOjH je OHO OTHIllao y lIOMOh KHPH:UH
qeAeoHjH, BpaTHo ce Kj'hH ca CBOjHM H ,ll,eClIOToBHM lby­
,ll,HMa. MlIaK cy OBa ,ll,Ba rOClIO,ll,apa OCTaAa TYPCKH Ba3aAH.
CaH,ll,alb H BojBO,ll,a TIeTap C YrpHMa oexy OTHIllllli Kj'hH
MHoro paHHje, He 3aA01KHBlIlH ce y paTy H3Meoy Myce H
MycAoMaHa HH 3a je,ll,HOra HH 3a ,ll,pyrora. rO,ll,HHe 1419.
,ll,eClIOT CTeBaH je lIOCAao Ha ylIpaBy CpeopeHHue je,ll,HOr
&aauCJ!aea.
CBor BAaCTellliHa lIO HMeHY BAa.n.HCAaB. A KaKO je OH lIpeKo HaMeCHUKa y
CBaKe Mepe TAa'lHO TaMOIlllbH HapO,ll" lbY,ll,H cy ce je,ll,HOr Cpe6peHUl/,U ,
,ll,aHa, lIOIllTO BHIlle HHCy Morllli lIO,ll,HOCHTH lberOBO Ha­ y6ujy lbe20BU
CHlbe, lIOOYHHllli H YOHAH ra. ,1l.a OH OCBeTHO lberOBy CMPT, Jbyau.
,ll,eClIOT je ,ll,OIllaO 1420. ro,ll,HHe C BeAHKOM BOjCKOM y Cpe­
opeHHUY, lIa je TY lIOXBaTao HeKe BAa,ll,HCAaBlbeBe YOHue H
Hape,ll,HO,ll,a HX lIOOHjy, MyqehH HX Ha pa3He Ha'lHHe. MHO­
rHM, lIaK, TproBUHMa H BAaCTellli .n.y6poBa'lKoj KOjH cy ce JJ:ecnom Cme­
cpaH nOKWKe
Ta,ll,a HaIllllli y CpeopeHHUH 0,ny3eo je CBY HMOBHHY, lIlTa­ ce O1cpymHUM
BHIlle, oaUHo HX je y TaMHH:u.y. HeKHMa je HCKOlIao lIO je,ll,­ npeMaJJ:y­
HO OKO, a ,ll,pyrHMa O,ll,CeKaO lIO pyKj', H CBe TO 3aTO 6pOettaHUMa.
IllTO je OHO lIOCYMlbaO ,ll,a cy OHH OHAH YMeIllaHH y 3aBepy H
YOHCTBO lIOMeHYTor BAa.n.HCAaBa. 300r Tora My je ,nyopo­
Ba'lKa BAa,ll,a CMeCTa lIOCAaAa lIOKAHCapa TIacKa PaCTHha.
M lIOpe,ll, Tora IllTO ce 3a lbera 3aA01KH0 ,ll,eClIOTOB CHHOBau
1)ypao, M lIlTO je AM'lHO M3Aarao M C lIpeKopOM CTaBlbao
OpOB'laHM yqHHHllli, a HapO'lMTO HaIIOpe Koje cy H3,n;P1KaAll
lIpH O,ll,OpaHM TBpoaBe CpeopeHHue Ka,ll, je Ha Thy jYPMlIlao
oocaHCKH Kpalb TBpTKO, PaCTMh MlIaK HMje M3,ll,ejcTBoBao
,ll,a ,ll,eClIOT OCAOOO,ll,M lIOMeHYTe ,llyopOB'laHe. CTOra lIO lIpa­
Be,ll,Hoj 001Kjoj OCY,ll,M, ,ll,OK je je,n;Hor ,n;aHa jaxao Ha KOlbY
OAM3Y CpeopeHHue, y,n;apHAa ra je KalI M Ty je lIao MpTaB. 324
BMO je lIOKOlIaH y PaBaHMUM 1421. ro,n;MHe. Ka.n. je lberoB YMpe
U3HeHaaHOM
cecTpMh 1)ypaO 'lyo 3a lberoBY CMpT, MCTor 'laca je KpeHyo c.M.phy.
C HeKOllliUHHOM CBOjHX lbY,ll,M lIpeMa Beorpa.n.y M CMeCTa
Hape,n;Mo ,ll,a ce OCAOOO,ll,e CBM ,1l.y6pOB'laHM KOjH cy OMAM Y HaCJ!eau 2a
TaMHMUH. PaIllaHM cy ra lIpHXBaTHAH Kao roclIO,ll,apa. 3aTo cecmpuh
13ypaO.
My,llyopOB'laHH 1428. ro,ll,HHe yIIyTMIlle ABa lIOKAMCapa,
MapMHa PacTHha M UMBa rYH,nyllliha, ,ll,a lIOTBP,ll,H lbMXOBe
lIOBAaCTMue, IllTO je OH lbyoa3Ho yqMHHO.
Ka.n. je ca3Hao 3a CMpT ,ll,eClIOTa CTecpaHa, TYPCKH uap
je ,ll,OIllaO lIoMeHYTe rO,ll,HHe C BOjCKOM Y PaIllKj' lIO,ll, Kpy­
IlleBau. MCTO TaKO ,ll,OIllaO je yrapcKM Kpalb, lIO,ll, Beorpa,ll,.
,1l.oAa3aK yrapcKor Kpalba OMO je O,ll, BellliKe KOPMCTM, jep ,ll,a TypttUH
OH Ta.n.a HHje lIPHCKO'lMO y lIOMOh PalIlKoj, TYP'lMH OM 3a­ 3aY3Me
Y3eo CBY OOAaCT Koja je OMAa lIO,ll, ,ll,eClIOTOM. Ka,ll, je 3aY3eo Kpyweeal/,
389

rpa,n: KpYIIleBau: H HeKe ,n:pyre 3eMlhe, ,n:OIIlaO je C BeAHKOM
BOjCKOM rro,n: HOBO Bp,n:o. TaMO je 6HO CTHrao rrpe lhera, 3.
cerrTeM6pa, HcaK-rraIIla. Y,n:P)QKHBIIlH cBoje lhy,n:CTBO C
lheroBHM, rroqeo je C qHTaBOM BOjCKOM ,n:a Harra,n:a HOBO
Bp,n:o. H TaKO je rryHHx 48 ,n:aHa jYPHIIlao Ha peqeHO MeCTO,
qHje je 3H,n:HHe TYKao BeOMa TeIIlKHM apTHlhepHjcKHM opy­
OHMa. HarrOcAeTKY, Ka,n: ra HHje Morao OCBOjHTH, rrOByqe ce
BOJlt{o (ByK:) C qHTaBOM BOjCKOM. Meoy OCTaAHMa KOjH cy Ta,n:a 6paHHAH
S06a.JbeBUn oBaj rpa,n: 6HAO je MHoro )ly6pOBqaHa, rrope,n: OCTaAHX BYK
3ajeoHo C (BOAqO) BAaxOB B06alheBHh, KOjH, Kao HCKYCHHjH o,n: ,n:py­
opy2U.M.,l!y­ rHX y BOjHHM cTBapHMa, HHje rrpecTajao ,n:aHoHohHO ,n:a ce
6poBt{aHUMa
006paHu HOBO
3aAIDKe Kao rrpaBH BOjHHK H H3BpcTaH KarreTaH. OH je
Spoo 00 qeCTO rro,n:CTHu:ao cBoje 3eMlhaKe ,n:a 6paHe oBaj rpa,n: H
TypaK:a. rOBopHo HM ,n:a ce ceTe ,n:a cy)ly6pOBqaHH H ,n:a cy, Kao Ta-
KBH, YBeK rrOKa3HBaAH rryHY BepHocT CBOMe rocrro,n:apy.
CTora je TO MeCTO (KaKO je CaM 1)ypaO qeCTO 3Hao Ka3HBa­
TH) OCTaAO Y PYKaMa xpHIIlhaHa 3axBalhyjyhH je,n:HHO B06a­
lheBHheBoj BepHOCTH H jYHaIIlTBY. TIocAe Tora 1)ypao je
HacTojao ,n:a ce Haro,n:H C TypqHHOM. TIocTa,n:e My Ba3aA H
15ypa o
nocmaHe 06aBe3a ce ,n:a he My IIAahaTH xapaq H ,n:aBaTH lhy,n:e 3a paT
mypcK:u B(l3aJt. aKO 6y,n:e TPIDKHO, Kao IIlTO je 6HAO Beh y BpeMe ,n:ecrrOTa
CTecpaHa; caMO IIlTO je rrAahao OHOAHKO Malhe xapaqa KO­
AHKO cy My 3eMlhe 6HAH 0,n:y3eAH TYPU:H. Cpe,n:HBIIlH TO, 1)y­
Yoa K:nep 3a pao je y,n:ao CBOjy Khep KaTapHHY 3a YApHxa II, u:elhCKor
IJ eJbC K:022porjJa rpocpa, Kora cy KacHHje y6HAH CHHOBH JaHKa XYlha,n:Hja,
YJlpuxa. BAa,n:HcAaB H MaTHja. Ho, HaKO je Ha rope H3HeT HaqHH
325 6HO rrOCTHrHYT MHp H3MeOY TypaKa H ,n:ecrrOTa 1)ypoa, My­
paT je HrraK, BH,n:ehH ,n:a 1)ypao He H3BpIIlaBa ,n:aTO 06eha­
lhe, rrOHOBO 3apaTHO C lhHMe 1435. ro,n:HHe H yrrYTHO BOj­
cKY ,n:a MY rropyIIlH 3eMlhy. ,lla 6H ra YMHAOCTHBHO H C lhH­
Me ce H3MHPHO, 1)ypao My je rrOCAao rrOKAHcapa C 06eha­
lheM ,n:a he My ,n:aTH xapaq KOAHKH 6y,n:e XTeo H ,n:a he<
H3BpIIlHTH CBe IIlTO My Hape,n:H. Ha TO MypaT rrOCAa 1)ypoy
Mypam mpQJKU Capal,IH-rraIIlY ca CBora ,n:Bopa ,n:a TpIDKH pe,n:OBaH xapaq,
3aJ/WHY K:nep Kao H CYATaHY 3a )KeHY ,n:ecrrOTOBY Khep MapHjy. To je jaKo
oecnoma . 6
"'..
uypua .
PIDKaAOCTHAO 1)ypoa: HHJe My HAO KpHBO ,n:a rrAaTH xapaq,
aAH My je 6HAO BeOMa TeIIlKO ,n:a My,n:a,n:e mep 3a )KeHy. Ha
Kpajy, CBAa,n:aH peqHMa cBoje )KeHe JepHHe, HAH (KaKO je
,n:pyrH 30BY) HpeHe, ,n:a,n:e My je y Ha,n:H ,n:a he ce THM cpo,n:­
CTBOM caCBHM rroMHpHTH C MypaToM, aAH Hcrra,n:e ,n:pyra­
qHje, KaKO heMo OB,n:e ,n:alhe pehH. Ka,n: je, ,n:aKAe, MypaT
rrpHMHO 1)ypoeB o,n:rOBOp, rrOCAao je XaAHAa, CBor BpAO rro­
3a6.n. yo c: PajHe- BeplhHBor qOBeKa, ,n:a My,n:OBe,n:e KYhH rrOMeHyTy lherOBY
K:a Pa)Hepa. TI . .
,l!0K:a3U oa 3apyqHHU:Y. peMa TOMe, BapaJY ce OHH KOJH BeAe ,n:a Je
15ypoeBa K:nu OBa ,n:ecrrOTOBa KhH 6HAa 3ap06lheHa y BpeMe 3aY3HMalha
He poOu oelJY CMe,n:epeBa, jep je MypaT 3aY3eO CMe,n:epeBO TpH rO,n:HHe
CBOMe MyJK:y rrOCAe CKAarralha OBora 6paKa. TaKooe, OHa HHje HMaAa
Mypamy. ,n:eu:e C MypaToM, HaKO HeKH, MeOY lhHMa PajHep PajHeKe,
390
r
BeAe ,n:a je 1)ypoeBa KhH MapHja po,n:HAa MeXMe,n:a II. To je
HeTaqHO, KaKO jacHo rrpoH3Aa3H H3 TypCKHX aHaAa H rrpe­
paqYHaBalha ro,n:HHa. MexMe,n: ce, HaHMe, PO,n:HO HCAaMCKe
ro,n:HHe 833, a MypaT ce O)KeHHO ,n:ecrrOTHU:oM MapHjoM
rreT ro,n:HHa KacHHje (KaKO rrHIIle i\.eyHKAaBHje), Tj. HCAaM­
CKe ro,n:HHe 838. TIpeMa TOMe, MeXMe,n: HHje Morao 6HTH
lhe3HH CHH. CeM Tora, ,n:a ra je po,n:HAa MapHja, OH 6H Ka,n:a
je CTyrrHO Ha rrpeCTO HMao je,n:Ba 15 ro,n:HHa, a HrraK je
rroY3,n:aHo ,n:a je rroqeo BAa,n:aTH C 21 ro,n:HHOM. Xai\KOKOH­
,n:HA H3PHqHTO KIDKe ,n:a je 1)ypoeBa mH MexMe,n:oBa Ma­
hexa. If CrraH,n:yOHH BpAO y6e,n:lhHBHM qHlheHHu:aMa ,n:o­
Ka3yje ,n:a MypaT HHje HMao HHje,n:Hor CHHa C ,n:ecrrOTHU:OM
MapHjoM, KOjy HeKH Ha3HBajy HpeHa. Meoy lhHMa je AH­
ToaH )Kecppoa, 3a KHM ce rrOBo,n:H H PajHeKe. OH je 30Be
HpeHa H ,n:aje joj rrpe3HMe KaHTaKY3HHa, aAH ce OHH Ba­
pajy. Jep je ,n:06po HarrHcao Teo,n:op CrraH,n:yOHH ,n:a ce OHa
3BaAa MapHja, a ,n:a HHje 6HAa pooeHa KaHTaKY3HHa, Beh
,n:a joj je OTau: 6HO ,n:ecrrOT 1)ypaO, a MajKa HpeHa KaHTa­
KY3HHa, ceCTpa 1)ypoa KaHTaKY3HHa. A 1)ypao je 6HO (IIlTO
326
je rrpoTrycTHo ,n:a Ka)Ke CrraH,n:yOHH) CHHOBau: u:apa JOBaHa
KaHTaKY3HHa, pooeHH CHH MaTeja, KHe3a AA6aHHje. TIpe­
Ma TOMe, H OBa MapHja 6HAa je yHyKa u:apa JOBaHa. C
lhOM je lheH M)QK MypaT rrpOBeo MHpHO caMO TpH ro,n:HHe
He Y3HeMHpaBajyhH 3eMlhY CBora TaCTa ,n:ecrrOTa 1)ypOa.
AAH 1439. ro,n:HHe, Ka,n: je MypaT BH,n:eo ,n:a je yrapcKH
Kpalh AA6epT 3aY3eT paToBalheM C TIOlhCKOM, CHAHO ce oc­
MeAHO, rra He 063HpyhH ce Ha PO,n:6HHCKe Be3e, peIIlH ce ,n:a
MypamHa­
Harra,n:He 1)ypoeBY ,n:p)KaBY, y Ha,n:H ,n:a he 6p30 3arocrro­ naoHe PaWK:Y.
,n:apHTH lhOM. TIOIIlTO je 1)ypao CXBaTHO ,n:a lheroBe CHare
HHCY ,n:OBOlhHe ,n:a ce o,n:yrrpe 3eTY, Haop)QKa ,n:06po rpa,n:
CMe,n:epeBo, OCTaBHBIIlH y lheMY 3a 0,n:6paHY je,n:Hor CBor 15ypa o
n06e2He y
CHHa, a CaM rrpeoe YrpHMa ca CBOjHM ,n:pyrHM, MAaOHM CH­
Y2apCK:Y·
HOM H ca u:eAOM rropo,n:HU:OM, Bo,n:ehH ca C060M MHoro
CBeIIlTeHHKa. Ka,n: cy YrpH qyAH ,n:a je TypqHH Beh CTHrao
Ha rpaHHU:Y j)QKHe TIaHoHHje, Te ,n:a ra caMO peKa CaBa 15ypoeBa
JK:eHa JepuHa
,n:eAH o,n: lhHX, CAaAH cy qeCTO rrOCAaHCTBa KpalhY AA6epTY, CK:PUBU nao
MOAehH ra ,n:a He ,n:03BOAH ,n:a lherOBO KpalheBCTBO rrOCTaHe CMeoepeBa.
rrAeHOM HerrpHjaTelha H ,n:a He OCTaBH Ha u:e,n:HAy cBoje
rrpHjaTelhe H caBe3HHKe Koje je TypqHH rrpHTHcHyO orr­
Ca,n:OM. TIo,n:CTaKHYT OBOM Y36YHOM, AA6epT KpeHe IIlTO je
6p)Ke Morao C BOjCKOM rryT YrapCKe. Ka,n: je ,n:OIIlao H3MeOY
peKa THce H )lyHaBa, Ty ce YTa60pHO oqeKYjyhH ,n:pyre qe­
Te Koje cy My 6HAe 06ehaHe. Ka,n: cy TyPU:H Ca3HaAH 3a AA­
.
6epTOB ,n:OAa3aK, JOIIl cy ce yrropHHje 6aU:HAH Ha oCBajalhe
CMe,n:epeBa, rra HHCY rrpecTajaAH HH ,n:alhy HH Hohy KaKO
6H HerrpeKH,n:HHM Harra,n:HMa H3HypHAH lheroBe 6paHHou:e.
Ka,n: cy OBH YBH,n:eAH ,n:a ce BHIIle He Mory o,n:yrrHpaTH
(rrOIIlTO je oBaj rpa,n: 6HO AOIIle cHa6,n:eBeH HaMHpHHu:aMa
391
 .,...,
YCAe.n: TBp.ll.H'lAYKa 1:)ypl)eBe )KeHe I1peHe, Koja je, .n:a 6ll
.n:OlllAa .n:0 HOBr.:r,a, 6llAa npo.n:aAa CBe )KllTO), pelllllllle .n:a ce
cBojeBolbHo npe.n:a.n:y TyP'lllHY. Bll.n:ehll TO .n:eCnOTOB CllH
fpryp, y HeMoryhHoCTll .n:a lllllTa y'lllHll, II OH npllCTa.n:e y3
MllllllbeH>e OCTaAllX. nOlliTO je, .n:aKAe, MypaT 3aY3eO
CMe.n:epeBO, nOKAOHllO je fprypy Behll .n:eo 3eMlbe KOjy je
paHllje nOCe.n:OBaO lberOB .n:e.n: BYK BpaHKOBllh, aAll no.n:
YCAOBOM .n:a My nOCTaHe Ba3aA II .n:a My 6y.n:e BepaH. AAn, II
nope.n: TOra, 3a.n:p)KaO ra je KO.n: ce6e 3aje.n:HO C .n:pyrllM
lberoBllM 6paTOM, CTecpaHOM, KOjll je Beh O.n: nO'leTKa, Tj.
OTKa.n:a je MypaT CKAOnllO 6paK C lberOBOM CeCTpOM, )Kll­
BeO KO.n: H>era. 11 .n:OK cy OHH TaKO 60PaBHAH KO.n: CBOra 3e­
Ta, MypaT je 6HO 06aBelliTeH 0 npHnpeMaMa Koje je npe.n:y­
3HMaO 1:)ypal), KaO II 0 TOMe .n:a ra lberOBll CllHOBH nOTajHo
3auano Mypam 06aBelliTaBajy 0 CBeMY lllTO cy pa.n:llAH 1'ypr.:r,ll. 360r Tora
oc.nenu 1Jyp- 6 . '" . 06pHYTll nOCTynaK. AAll 1:)ypal) , Ka.n: cy ra HeKll H>erOBll
beae cul-wae. llX 0 OJllUY OCAenll noMOllY HeKaKBe y:m:apeHe 'lllHllJe a .n:a
3.27 TO 3Hao lbllXOB OTar.:r, 1:)ypal). nOCAe O)l,AaCKa y Yrap-
CKY, 1:)ypal) ce 3a.n:P)KaO HeKO BpeMe y CBOjllM 3eMlbaMa
Koje je llMao y OHOM KpalbeBCTBY. HallMe, OH je 6110 3aMe­
HHO C KpalbeM AA6ePTOM rpa.n: Beorpa.n: 3a HeKe .n:pyre 3eM­
lbe y YrapCKOM KpalbeBCTBY, KaKO ll3BelliTaBa AaOHllK, KO­
jll Ka:m:e OBaKO: "1:)ypal) je llMao y YrapcKoM KpalbeBCTBY
je.n:HY nOKpajllHY ll3BeCHor 3Ha'laja C BpAO 60raTllM rpa.n:o-
BllMa Koje je 6110 .n:06ll0 EAea3ap, ll3BplllllBlllll 3aMeHY ca
Kao Beozpao
nomnade noo )KllrMYH.n:OM 3a rpa.n: Beorpa.n:. OBaj ce rpa.n:, HallMe, ll3Ha.n:
yzapclCy CBera .n:ona.n:ao KpalbY 360r npllKAa.n:HoCTll cBoje AyKe II
aJl.acm. CBor nOAO)Kaja Ha .n:BeMa peKaMa. C je.n:He CTpaHe 3anlbyc­
KYje ra JIJrnaB, a C .n:pyre CaBa Koja ce Ty YAllBa y JIJrnaB."
Y OBOM Ka3llBaH>Y Tpe6a no.n:pa3YMeBaTll 1:)ypl)a YMeCTo
Aa3apa, a AA6ePTa YMeCTo )KllrMYH.n:a, Ha OCHOBY nllcalba
BOAcpaHra Aar.:r,a Kao II TOMe E6eH.n:opcpepa Xa3eA6axa, KO­
jll je )KHBeO y OHO BpeMe II OCTaBllO 3anllcaHO y aHaAllMa'
AyCTpllje .n:a OBa 3aMeHa Hllje 06aBlbeHa ll3Mel)y )KHrMYH.n:a
II Aa3apa Beh ll3Mel)y AA6epTa II. aYCTplljcKora II cpnCKor
BAa.n:apa 1:)ypl)a, Kora je OH n03HaBao ca .n:Bopa r.:r,apa <PPll­
.n:pllxa IV, r.n:e ce npeMa H>eMY, Kao nporHaHllKY H3 OTaI,l­
6llHe, nOCTynaAO C MHOro nOlliTOBaH>a. BOHCPllHH 'laK Ha­
6paja MeCTa Koja je 1:)ypal) 6HO .n:06ll0 y 3aMeHy 3a Beo­
floceau rpa.n:, a TO cy: TBp.n:ll rpa.n: CAaHKaMeH KOjll je CMelliTeH no­
oecnoma
BPX Beorpa.n:a Ha 06aAll JIJrnaBa npeMa Ylllhy Tllce, Koja Ty
1Jypba y
YzapclCoM yTll'le y ,llyHaB, II BeheH, KeAneH KOjll Yrpll 30BY KepneH II
ICPaJbeacmsy. BllAarolliBap. fpa.n:OBll cy: 3aTMap, Be3epMeH, ,lle6per.:r,eH,
1'yp, BaplllaH> II .n:pyrll, a y By.n:HMY My je 6HAO .n:aTO HeKO-
AllKO TaKO BeAll'laHCTBeHllX 3rpa.n:a .n:a cy ce MorAe MepllTll
C KpalbeBCKllM naAaTaMa. Ty ce, .n:aKAe, 1:)ypal) 3a.n:p)KaO
HeKO BpeMe, a 3aTllM je OTlllllao y 3arpe6. je 1:)ypal)
60paBllO y 3arpe6y, .n:03Hao je .n:a cy nOCAe CMpTH Kpalba
AA6ePTa HaCTaAll BeAHKll HeMllpH y H>eroBoM KpalbeBCTBy.
392
CKOPO O'lajaBajyhll 360r Tora 3a CBOj nOAO)Kaj, YCMepH
cBoja HaCTojalba He 6ll AH ce HeKaKO Haro.n:110 C TyP'lllHOM.
YnYTll, .n:aKAe, MOA6y y MAeTKe .n:a 6ll My Ha H>erOB TPOlliaK
.n:aAll je.n:HY raAlljy .n:a ra npeBe3e y Bap, je.n:llHll rpa.n: y 1Jypaa 00­
H>eroBoj .n:p)KaBll KOjll My je OCTao nOT'llllbeH. MAe'laHll My nJl.08U Y Bap.
CMeCTa y.n:OBOlbllllle MOA6ll, Te je OH npelliao C r.:r,eAOM no­
PO.n:ar.:r,OM y TO MeCTO. Ka.n: je TO .n:03Hao MypaT, nOCAao je
CMeCTa cBoje lby.n:e .n:a TajHo nperoBapajy C BapaHHMa .n:a Mypam
npezosapa c
6ll My ra ll3pyqllAH, Hy.n:ehll llM 6p.n:a II .n:OAHHe. 113Mel)y
BapaHUMaoa
OCTaAOr 06ehaBao je .n:a he llM rpa.n: OCTaTH cA060.n:aH II .n:a My npeoajy
he ra OH .n:p)KaTll no.n: CBOjOM 3alllTllTOM. Ka.n: je MypaT 1Jypba.
H3ll111ao C OBaKBHM je.n:HllM npeMoroM, BapaHH cy 6HAH y
He.n:oYMllr.:r,ll II HeoMyqHll: C je.n:He cTpaHe, BeAllKa 06ehaH>a 3.28
MaMllAa cy llX .n:a npllcTaHY, C .n:pyre cTpaHe, BepHocT KOjy
cy .n:yrOBaAH BAaCTllTOM roeno.n:apy n03llBaAa HX je Ha
nplljaTelbll yn03HaAll C OBOM CTBapll, CXBaTll .n:a je naMeT­
Hllje .n:a He 'leKa Ha Hell3BeCHY OMYKY BapaHa. 3aTO Ok
Max nOCAa y ,lly6pOBHllK je.n:Hor rAaCHllKa MOAehll TaMOlll­
H>ll ceHaT .n:a My npy:m:ll nOMoh, C 063HpOM Ha onaCHOCT y
J1.yl5pOOL(.(mu
KOjOj ce HaAa3ll. Y Ty CBPXY )ly6pOB'laHll llCTe Hohll ynyTll­
npumelCHy y
llle no.n: Bap je.n:HY .n:06po Haopy:m:aHY raAlljy. ,llpyrn Ka:>KY nOMoh 1Jypby.
.n:a Cy,lly6pOB'laHll Ha .n:ecnOTOBY MOA6y MHOro paHHje 6H­
AH nOCAaAH je.z:.tHY CBOjy raAlljy no.n: 3anOBe.z:.tHlllllTBOM nac­
Ka COpKO'leBllha II .n:a je OHa llMaAa HaAOr .n:a ce 3a CBaKY
CHryPHOCT 3a.n:P)Kll y Bo.n:aMa Bapa. ,llaKAe, no.n: ll3roBOPOM
.n:a )KeAH .n:a ll.n:e y AOB, 1:)ypal) ll3al)e paHO yjYTPO ca CBllMa
cBojllMa H C 'lllTaBllM CBOjllM HMeTKOM ll3BaH rpa.n:a, cny­
CTll ce Ha Mope, na ce YKPr.:r,a Ha rope nOMeHYTy raAlljy H
OTnAOBH y By.n:ay. Ty ce nOBYKao y TBpl)aBY, Bepyjyhll .n:a
he y H>oj 6llTll 6e36e.n:aH, aAll MY ce .n:eCH caCBllM 06pHYTO.
UpHojeBllhll, HallMe, HaBllKHyTll .n:a llrpajy Ha KapTy .n:BO­
CTpYKor ll3.n:ajcTBa, Beh 6ll ra rOTOBO 6HAH yxaaTllAH .n:a ce
OH, ona3llBlllll.n:aje y Kpajlboj onaCHOCTll, Hllje OHaKO 6p30
YKPr.:r,ao Ha je.z:.tHy .n:y6pOBa'lKY Aal)y. npe.n:oceTllBlllll Taj
cAyqaj, ,lly6pOB'laHll cy CMeCTa ynyTllAll je.n:HY CBOjy raAlljy
no.n: 3anOBe.n:HlllllTBOM Uopa f'yqeTllha, Te ra je OH cycpeo
Ha nyTy II .n:OBeo y )ly6POBHllK. To je 6HAO Mecer.:r,a anpllAa 1Jypa1) oobe y
1441. ro.n:llHe. 1:)ypal) je OCTao y ,lly6pOBHHKY rOTOBO .n:o J1.yI5POSHUIC.
Kpaja Mecer.:r,a jYAa. 11 Ma.n:a je MypaT, npe.n: KOjHM je y TO
Mypamsax­
BpeMe .n:pXTaAa 'lllTaBa EBpona, CAao Bllllle nOCAaHllKa,
mesa npeoajy
yqllHllO Bllllle nOHy.n:a, 06ehaBajyhH ,lly6pOB'laHllMa, ll3Me­ 1Jypba.
l)y OCTaAOr, .n:a he llM npe.n:aTll MHore TBp.n:e rpa.n:o Be y
BOCHll II r.:r,eAy 06AaCT 6All3y,lly6poBHllKa, Kao H CBe 6Aaro
Koje je 1:)ypal) .n:p)Kao KO.n: H>HX Ha 'lyBaH>y, H Ma.n:a je Bllllle
nYTa 3anpeTllO .n:y6poBa'lKOM ceHaTY .n:a o.n:yCTaHe o.n: npy­
)Kalba 3alllTllTe .n:ecnOTY II .n:a My ra ll3pyqll, )ly6pOB'laHll
llnaK HllnOlliTO He XTellie ll3HeBepllTH nOMeHYTor BAa.n:apa
393
 --
HM YCKpaTMTM My 3aIllTMTy. 360r OBaKBOr ,1l.p:~{alba ]Jy­
KOjH 6M Y u:eAoj lberoBoj ,1l.p:lKaBM MMao ,1l.Y:lKHMKa KOjM He
Mypam ce 6pOBqaHa M CaM MypaT je, rOTOBO 3arralbeH BeAHKOM lbM­
O,1l.rOBapa CBOjMM 06aBe3aMa MO:lKe caM 6e3 MKaKBor rrpM­
. aueu docmo- XOBOM rroCTojaHOIllhy, peKao (KaKO rrpMrrOBe,1l.a BOHClmHM y
3MBalba Ha cY,1l. M jaBHY rrpaB,1l.Y ,1l.a 3aTBopM TaKBOr ,1l.Y:lK­
jaHCmeeHocmu
J1.yopoet.taHa. V. KlbM3M 3. LleKa,1l.ej ,1l.a rpa,1l. ]Jy6pOBHMK He MO:lKe HMKa,1l.a
rrporraCTM Ka,1l. ce y lbeMY TOAHKO u:eHM ,1l.aTa Bepa M rrOMa­
ralbe 6AM:lKlbera. Ka,ll. ]Jy6pOBqaHM rrpMMeTMIlle ,1l.a je 1)y­
pal), ca3HaBIllM IllTa je MypaT TPa:lKMO, KAOHYO ,nyxOM, 0,1].­
Max cy ra rr03BaAM y ceHaT, xpa6pehM ra,1l.a 6Y,1l.e pacrrOAO­
:lKeH M ,1l.a ce HMqera He 60jM. ITocAe cy My caBeTOBaAM ,1l.a
ce 06paTM YrpMMa M ,1l.a HacTojM 6AaroM Koje ,1l.p:lKao KO,1l.
LlY6pOBqaHa ,1l.a rrOBpaTM ,1l.p:lKaBY Koje je HerrpaBe,1l.HO 6MO
329
AHIlleH. 0 rropaBMBIllM ce 3axBaLbYjYllM . ... lbMXOBOM xpa 6pelby,
1)ypal) O,1l.rOBOpM M 06eha ,1l.a he IllTO rrpe OTMhM KaKO Typ­
qMH 360r lbera He 6M 3apaTMO Ha lbMX. BpaTMBIllM ce KYhM,
rrocaBeTOBao ce ca CBOjOM :lKeHOM IllTa Tpe6a ,1l.a Pa,ll.M. OHa
ra je HaroBapaAa ,1l.a ce rroByqe KO,1l. u:aPMrpa,ll.CKOr u:apa.
fum je 1)ypal) OMyqMO ,1l.a ce pa,ll.Mje 06paTM YrpMMa, y qMjy
ce BepHOCT 6MO Beh OCBe,1l.0qMO. M3Aa3ehM y cycpeT 1)ypl)y,
LlY6pOBqaHM cy ra YKPU:aAM Ha cBoje BAaCTMTe raAMje rro,1l.
J1.yopOel{aHU J;;;
npeee3y 13ypba 3arrOBe,1l.HMIllTBOM HMKOAe 1)YfhJeBMha M 0,1l.Be3AM ra ,1l.0
y CrcpaduH. CKpa,1l.MHa, rpa,1l.a y LlaAMaU:MjM. O,1l.aTAe 3aTMM oTrry-
TOBao y YrapcKY Ha rroce,1l.e Koje je (KaKO peKocMO) MMao y
TOMe KpaLbeBcTBY. Yje,1l.HO je rrOCAaO rrOKAHcapa,1l.a qeCTMTa
BAa,1l.MCAaBY CTYrralbe Ha rrpeCTO YrapCKor KpaLbeBCTBa,
My y3 TO cBoje rrpMjaTelbcTBO M yCAyre. To ce BAa­
,1l.MCAaBY BeOMa ,1l.0rraAo. ITocAe HeKOAMKO ,1l.aHa, Ka,ll. je 1)y­
pal) CTMrao y BY,1l.MM, rrpMMMO ra je M Ty cy CKAO­
13 ab rrHAM M3Mel)y ce6e BeqHM caBe3. 3aTo je YCKOPO rrOCAe
3axe:!yjyhu Tora, 3aAaralbeM JaHKa XYlba,1l.Mja (ou:a KpaLba MaTMje), qO­
JaHrcy (JaHo- BeKa Kora cy y TO BpeMe CMaTpaAM je,1l.HMM 0,1l. rrpBMX BOj­
w.y) XY1-Qaaujy cKoBol)a y EBporrM, KOjM je qeCTO rr06e,1l.MO CaHJ,laKe M
3adoouje Ha- ....
mpaz dp?ICaey. ,1l.pyre TypcKe KarreTaHe, M rrOMOllY 6Aara KOje cy My ]Jy­
6pOBqaHM BepHO CaqYBaAH, 1)ypal) rrOBpaTMO BehM ,1l.eo
cBoje ,1l.p:lKaBe. Xylba)l.M My, HaMMe, HMje rrOBpaTMO CBe, jep
,1l.eo ,1l.apOBao CBOjMM KarreTaHMMa, a ,1l.eo 3a,ll.p:lKaO 3a
ce6e. To My ce yqMHMAO caCBMM rrpaBMqHO, jep OHO IllTO je
1)ypal) ,1l.06MO, ,1l.06MO je lberoBoM 3acAyroM M xpa6poIllhy.
CeM Tora, XYlba,1l.M je BPAO ,1l.06po rr03HaBaO cAa6Y,1l.eCrrOTO­
By Bepy, Bepy qOBeKa KOjM je MaAO BMIlle u:eHMO xpMIllhaH­
CKY peAHrMjy Hero MCAaMCKY. HaAa3ehM ce M3Mel)y Yrpa M
TypqMHa, IllypyjyhM Ca,ll. C je,1l.HMM ca,1l. C ,1l.pyrHM, 1)ypali je
qeCTO rrpeBapMo M je,1l.HOr M ,1l.pyror, TaKO ,1l.a C lbMM HMCY
13ypab ce yearc 6MAH 3a,ll.OBOlbHM HM YrpM HM TyPU:M. ITa MrraK 1)ypal) ce
norca3ueao .
3axea.naHJ1.y- Ta,ll.a rrpaBMo ,1l.a He BO,1l.M 0 TOMe paqYHa, a HMKa,ll. HMje 3a­
Opoe1{aHttMa. 60paBMO YCAyre Koje cy My ]Jy6pOBqaHM yqMHMAH. IllTa­
BMIlle, YBeK ce TPY,1l.MO M HaCTojao ,1l.a rrpM3Ha M Harpa,ll.M
lbMXOBY BeAHKY lby6a3HOCT. TaKo je (Mel)y OCTaAMM yCAy­
raMa Koje MM je yqMHMO) Hape,1l.MO ,1l.a CBaKM ]Jy6pOBqaHHH
394
HMKa y BAaCTMTY KYhy M Ty ,1l.a ra ,1l.p:lKM CBe ,1l.0K My He
MCrrAaTM ,1l.Yr. 360r TOra cy ce MHorM ]Jy6pOBqaHM 060ra­
THAM, a lbRXOB rpa,1l. CTeKao BpAO BeAHKM MMeTaK M yrAe,1l.. 330
MCTO TaKO, ,1l.eCrrOT je 6MO 3axBaAaH rroje,1l.MHMM ,1l.Y6po­
BaqKMM rrAeMMhMMa KOjM cy rrOCAe lberoBa OMaCKa M3
]Jy6poBHMKa YBeK 6HAM C lbMMe. Mel)y TMMa cy 6MAM LlaM­ J1.Q.MjaH
13ypbeeuh u
jaH nypl)eBMh M ITaIllKo I,IoHa COpKOqeBMh, 3BaHM Bjelba. IIaw.rco
OBMMa je 1)ypal) ,1l.ao BMCOKe rrOAO:lKaje y CBOjOj ,1l.p:lKaBM, a Coporc1{eeuh,
rroce6HO COpKOqeBMhy, KOjM je KO,1l. lbera 3aY3MMao rrOAO­ caeemHUl,!,U
:lKaj rrpBor caBeTHMKa. 3aTO ce JOIll M ,1l.aHaC BM,1l.M Ha CMe­ 13ypbeeu.
,1l.epeBcKoj KYAH COpKOqeBMheB rp6 KOjM je 1)ypal) TaMO
rrOCTaBMO ,1l.a 6M rrOKa3ao O,1l.aHOCT KOjy je rrpeMa lbeMY oce­ Tonnul,!,a
hao; ,1l.apoBao My je 3aTMM 3eMlbe y TOIIAHU:M, Y cTapo Bpe­ dapoeaHa
Me 3BaHoj TpMKopHecMj (KaKo BeAH 1)aKoMo KaCTaA,1l.o). Ta Coporc1{eeuhy.
MeCTa je COpKOqeBMh, Ka,1l. ce XTeO BpaTMTM y oTaI,I6MHY,
rrpo,1l.ao 3a BeAHKY CBOTY HOBau:a HeKOM paIllKoM BeAHKa­
Illy. Ka,1l. je TO BM,1l.eO LlaMjaH 1)ypl)eBMh, rrpeKopMO ra je
rOBopehM ,1l.a TMMe rroKa3yje KaKO HMje ,1l.0BOlbHO rraMeTaH,
jep he TypqMH YCKOPO HarraCTM rpa,ll. ]Jy6pOBHMK. AAM My
je OH (Kao rrpaBM rpal)aHMH M pO,1l.Olby6) O,1l.roBOPMO ,1l.a Odii!Oeop doc­
oTaI,I6MHY Tpe6a rroMohM HapOqMTO OH,1l.a Ka,ll. joj rrpeTH mojaH npaeOi!
rrporraCT, Kao M ,1l.a OH cMaTpa HajBehoM qaIllhy yMpeTM i!pabaHuHa.
6paHehM CBOjy oTaI,I6MHY. OrrpOCTMBIllM ce, ,1l.aKAe, 0,1l. CBor
rocrro,1l.apa, ,1l.0IllaO je y ]Jy6pOBHMK HocehM cac060M Be­
AMKO 6Aaro, ,1l.0K je LlaMjaH OCTao y ParnKoj KO,1l. ,1l.eCrrOTa.
ITOIllTO je ,1l.eCrrOT 6MO y caBe3Y C YrpMMa, KpaLb BAa,ll.M­
CAaB, JaHKO M OH 3aje,1l.HMqKM cy HarraAH pOMa­
HMjcKor 6erAep6era XacaH-rrarny M TypaxaH-6era, rra HX,1l.0 llopa3 Typarca
HOry rrOTYKAH y rrO,1l.HO:lKjy 6p,1l.a XeMa. OBaj ,1l.0ral)aj je Ha nnaHUHU
Xe.MOC.
CTpaxOBMTO yrrAaIllMo MypaTa. Jep KapaMaH, ca3HaBIllM 3a
oBaj rropa3, CMeCTa je rrO,1l.MraO OPY:lKje rrpOTMB a3MjcKMX
rroKpajHHa IToHTa M BMTMHMje Koje cy ,1l.p:lKaAM TYPU:M. To
je McrrYHMAo Y:lKacoM MypaTa, KOjM je MHOro :lKeAeO ,1l.a 3a­
KlbyqM MMp C YrpMMa. OBY OKOAHOCT je MCKOPMCTMO 1)ypal)
M rropyqMo MypaTY ,1l.a he OH M3,1l.ejcTBoBaTM MMp C YrpMMa
M ,1l.aTM MY JOIll xapaqa y BHCMHM rrOAOBMHe rrpMXO,1l.a CBora
KpaLbeBCTBa, ,1l.a he My y3 TO 6MTM BeqHM rrpMjaTelb M ca­
Be3HMK, aKO rrpMCTaHe ,1l.a My rrOBpaTM CBe 3eMlbe Koje My
je 6MO 3aY3eo M OCA060,1l.M cMHoBe, Koje je ,1l.p:lKao KO,1l. ce6e y
3ap06lbeHMIllTBY. Ka,ll. je 1)ypl)eB rroKAHcap OBO M3AO:lKMO
MypaTy, oBaj CMeCTa rrpRXBaTMO rrOHY,1l.Y M 06ehao ,1l.a he
y,1l.0BOlbMTM CBMM 1)ypl)eBMM Tpa:lKelbMMa. ITPMMMBIllM 0
13ypab
TOMe 06aBeIllTelbe, 1)ypal) O,1l.Max rrpel)e Y YrapcKY, CTyrrH nOCmUi!He MUP
rrpe,1l. BAa,ll.MCAaBa M OBaKO My peqe: "ITpecBeTAH KpalbY, u3Meby Yi!apa
u:ap MypaT Te HarOBapa M MOAH ,1l.a 3aKlbyqHIll C lbMM MMp. uMypama.
395
 ..........
AKO ce TO OCTBapH, OH o6ehaBa JJ:a he MH BpaTHTH CBY
MOjy 3eMIbY KOjy JJ:P2KH H JJ:a he MH oCAo6oJJ:HTH CHHOBe.
CTora, aKO helli MeHe nocAYlliaTH, CHryPHo helli yqHHHTH
331 lliTO BapBapHH Tpa2KH. Ha Taj Ha'lHH, HaHMe, TBOj paTHH
nOA02Kaj 6Hhe JJ:aAeKO 60IbH. H aKO JJ:OUHHje 6YJJ:elli XTeo
YJJ:apHTH Ha lhera, MHOro AaKllie helli ra no6eJJ:HTH." KaJJ: je
BAaJJ:HcAaB 'lyo OBe 1)ypl)eBe pe'lH, o6eha My JJ:a he PaJJ:o
npHXBaTHTH npHMHpje, Te no 1)ypl)eBY caBeTy nOCAa no
TypcKor nOKAHCapa npeJJ: KOjHM je Tpe6aAo 3aKIbyqHTH no­
MeHyTo npHMHpje H yjeJJ:Ho nOBpahaj 1)ypl)eBe 3eMIbe. My­
paT, ca cBoje CTpaHe, CMeCTa ynyTH nOKAHCapa C OBAalli­
helheM 3a CKAanalbe npHMHpja H JJ:pyrHx CTBapH lliTO cy
6HAH Mel)yco6HO yroBOPHAH. TaKo ce (H3Mel)y OCTaAOr) 3a­
6palbHBaAO YrpHMa JJ:a nYCTOllie TypcKy 3eMIbY, a TypUHMa
JJ:a npeAa3e J]yHaB H DIba'lKajy YrapCKO KpaIbeBCTBO. llPH-
Mypam Bpamu MHpje je 6HAO nOTfmcaHO C o6e CTpaHe, a 1)ypl)y cy 6HAH
1Jyp1Jy CUI-LOBe. BpaheHH lheroBH CHHOBH. KaJJ: je 1)YPaQ yrAeJJ:ao CAene CH-
HOBe, 06Y3eAa ra je TaKBa Tyra JJ:a je (KaKO nHllie y Typ­
CKOM AeTOnHCY) CKOPO xTeO JJ:a ce CpylliH Ha 3eMIbY JJ:a ra
3a6.1!yoa HHCY npHJJ:p2KaAH. OBJJ:e, JJ:aKAe, Tpe6a 0JJ:6aUHTH Kypeyca,
Kypeyca. nHCua lliAeCKHX XpOHHKa, KOjH nHllie JJ:a je 1)ypal), nOMH­
pHBlliH ce C MypaToM nOCAe 6HTKe KOJJ: BapHe, JJ:06HO Ha-
Tpar JJ:p2KaBY, Tpehe roJJ:HHe nOCAe BAaJJ:HCAaBIbeBe no6eJJ:e
HaJJ: XaCaH-nalliOM. Jep O'fHTO je JJ:a je KpaIb BAaJJ:HCAaB
1443. roJJ:HHe, nOlliTO je y HHTepecy xpHllihaHCTBa npe­
KHHyO MHp C Typ'lHHOM, Tpa2KHO OJJ: 1)ypl)a JJ:a yl)e y caBe3
C JJ:pyrHM xpHllihaHHMa, Kao H JJ:a OH TO HHKaKO HHje XTeO,
HaBOJJ:ehH MHOre npHBHJJ:He pa3AOre KOjH cy ra OJJ: TOra OJJ:­
BpahaAH. 1)ypal) ce, Ha Kpajy, HaJJ:aO JJ:a he BAaJJ:HCAaBY
HaJJ:OKHaJJ:HTH HOBueM TO lliTO HHje C lhHM OTHlliao y oBaj
noxoJJ:. OH My je y3 TO 'leCTO nopyqHBao JJ:a na3H JJ:06po
1Jypafj ce lliTa PaJJ:H, jep JJ:a HHje AaKO KpeHYTH y paT npOTHB TyP7 <
npwuwHU Typ- 'lHHa, 'fHje cy CHare roTOBO Hen06eJJ:HBe. AAH KaJJ: je 1)ypal)
lJUJIW npomuB BHJJ:eo JJ:a BAaJJ:HCAaB ynpKoc CBeMY oCTaje npH CBOjOj Ha­
XpUw.naHa. MepH, npel)e Ha TypCKy CTpaHY, KOAHKO H3 Iby6aBH npeMa
KhepH, TOAHKO H3 Mp2Klbe npeMa JaHKy Xy:H,aJJ:Hjy 3aTO
lliTO je 3aJJ:p2Kao 3a ce6e lberoBa yTBpl)elha y Cp6HjH. Ca­
3HaBlliH, JJ:aKAe, 3a npHnpeMe Koje cy npe,ll"Y3HMaAH YrpH H
3anpe~u 3a JJ:OAa3aK CKeHJJ:ep6era y UHIbY npY2Kalba nOMohH BAaJJ:H­
npo.1!as 'R
CKeHoep6e2Y. CAaBY, 1)ypal) HM ca CBHX CTpaHa 3aTBopH npOAa3e KaKO
6H HM npenpe'lHO nyT. H Y3aAYJJ: ce CKeHJJ:ep6er TPYJJ:HO JJ:a
ra yno30paBa npeKO nOKAHcapa H JJ:a raMOAH Iby6a3HHM
pe'lHMa JJ:a My He npaBH TelliKOhe, jep HeMa 3a TO HHKaKBa
pa3Aora; HeKa He nOCTaHe OJJ: npHjaTeIba H cyceJJ:a HenpH­
jaTeIb, HeKa He H3a30Be npOTHB ce6e oPY2Kje 'lHTaBe Yrap­
CKe H AA6aHHje H He CTBOPH ce6H HenpHjaTeIbe H cnpeJJ:a H
332 CTpara, aKO ra caJJ:a cAyqajHo He nYCTH JJ:a CAo60JJ:HO npol)e
ca CBOjHM OJJ:peJJ:HMa JJ:a ce 3JJ:PY2KH C BAaJJ:HCAaBIbeBOM
396
BOjCKOM; HeKa He JJ:03BOAH JJ:a CKeHJJ:ep6eroBa BojcKa npe­
TpnH KaKBa TelliKa CTpaJJ:alha, lliTO Ha Kpajy, 6HAO Ha
lliTeTy H lheroBY H ueAor lherOBor KpaIbeBCTBa; JJ:a je OH y
npHjaTeIbCTBY C MypaToM jeJJ:HHO 360r Iby6aBH npeMa Khe­
pH, a JJ:a npeJJ:06po oceTHO 3eTOBY HeBepy, Te JJ:a He 3a­
60paBH yCAyre Koje cy My yqHHHAH YrpH. KaJJ: TO KOJJ: 1)yp­
l)a HHje HMaAO HHKaKBa JJ:ejCTBa, H KaJJ: KaCTpHOTY HHje
OCTaAa JJ:pyra HaJJ:a ceM HaJJ:e y OPY2Kje, HaKO My je TO 6HAO
HeyrOJJ:HO H H3rAeJJ:aAO onaCHO JJ:a Ty OTnO'lHY paTHH Ha­
nopH, jep je 'lYBao CBe2Ke CHare CBOjHX BojHHKa 3a 60p6y
npOTHB TYPCKe BojcKe, HnaK My ce yqHHH 'laCHHM JJ:a no­
Kyllia, YKOAHKO 6H ycneo, JJ:a npOKp'lH ce6H nyT OPY2KjeM.
AAH JJ:OK je Ap6aHac KaCHHO Ha rpaHH:U:Y Me3Hje, H JJ:OK
JJ:ecnOT npe 3aJJ:p2KaBallie Hero Cnpe'laBame CKeHJJ:ep6e­
rOBO KpeTalhe (nOlliTO 6H ynopHa xpa6poCT KaneTaHa Ha
Kpajy npOKp'lHAa ce6H nyT H 6e3 KpBH BojHHKa H caBAa­
JJ:aAa CBe npenpeKe), BAaJJ:HCAaB, JJ:eAHMH'fHO 06ecxpa6peH
CKeHJJ:ep6erOBHM nHCMHMa, JJ:eAHMH'lHO Bol)eH CBOjOM Heo­
JJ:OIbHBOM CYJJ:6HHOM, npOlliaBlliH BAalliKy H npelliaBiliH
j]yHaB, 6HO je CTHrao C xpHIllnaHCKOM BOjCKOM JJ:O BapHe
JJ:a 6H OJJ:aTAe Kp03 paBHHue H AaKIIIHM nyTeM C paTHHM
OJJ:peJJ:HMa npelliao y POMaHHjy. To MeCTO npeJJ:cTaBIba Be­
B.1!aOuC.1!aB
AHKO nOIbe C OHe CTpaHe Me3Hje, Ben OJJ:aBHa CAaBHO no nopWICeH KOO
nponaCTH MHorHX BOjCKH. To je 3eMIba KOjy cy OMp3AH H BapHe.
HajBehH 60pUH. Ty je xpHIllhaHcKa BojcKa, 3aMeTHYBiliH
6HTKy C HenpHjaTeIbCKHM MypaToBHM oJJ:peJJ:HMa, 6HAa
CKeHoep6e2
6eJJ:Ho nOpa2KeHa H YHHiliTeHa. KaJJ: je TO ca3Hao CKeHJJ:ep­ onycmow.u
6er, KOjH ce jOlli HaAa3HO y Me3HjH, oceTHO je roAeM 60A. 1JypfjeBY
HnaK, KaJJ: je 60Ibe pa3MHCAHO, O,llAyqHO je JJ:a ce BpaTH Ha­ SeMlby.
Tpar ca CBOjHM oJJ:peJJ:HMa. A JJ:a MY 2KaAOCT He 6H 6HAa ca­
CBHM HeOCBeheHa H JJ:a 6H 6ap JJ:eAHMH'"'IHO Ka3HHO 1)yp­
l)eBY naKOCT, OJJ:Max ce AaTH OPY2Kja, na YIIIaBiliH y JJ:ecno­
TOBY 3eMIbY, noxapa CBe Y3,ll"Y2K H nonpeKO. Y TOMe cy ra
CAeJJ:HAH H OCTaAH xpHllihaHH, lberoBH caBe3HHUH. 1)ypal),
1Jypafj
Mel)YTHM, HaAa3ehH ce Ha BeAHKoj MYUH, 3aTpa2KH nOMoh sampWICu
OJJ: 3eTa MypaTa, roBopehH KaKO OH HHje HHKaJJ:a nponyc­ nOMonoo
THO JJ:a YKa2Ke nOMoh TypUHMa, 'laK H y 6e3HaJJ:e2KHHM sema.
npHAHKaMa; OH HM je y3 BAaCTHTy onaCHOCT H CBOjOM KPB­
Iby npHTeKaO y nOMoh y BpeMe KaJJ: cy jeJJ:HHO 60roBH MO­
rAH nOMohH; OH je TeAOM cBoje JJ:p2KaBe 3anpe'lHO nponaCT
333
Koja je npeTHAa OCMaHoBoj JJ:p2KaBH; OH je y3 HajBene He­
npHAHKe CBOjHX 3eMIbaKa ,ll"Yro 3aJJ:p2KaO ap6aHailiKe OJJ:­
peJJ:e npeHocehH Ha ce6e paT, KaKO ce TH OJJ:peJJ:H He 6H
3JJ:PY2KHAH C yrapcKHM KOjH cy 6HAH C OHe CTpaHe Me3Hje H
KOjH cy HX C HajBehoM 2KeIbOM O'leKHBaAH; OH je nOCTaBHO
TeAeca CBOjHX IbYJJ:H YMecTO 6eJJ:eMa npOTHB CKeHJJ:ep6era;
MypaT 6H Mopao npOMHCAHTH KaKO 6H H3rAeJJ:ao lheroB
397
 r
I
nOAO)Kaj ,n:a OH HHje YAO)KHO CBe HanOpe H TaKO Cnpe'lHO
,n:a ce ap6aHaIlIKa BojcKa 3,n:PJ)KH C yrapcKoM, jep Tpe6a,n:a
3Ha ,n:a je OH O,n:HeO OHaKO KpBaBY no6e.n:y caMO Ha,n: BOj­
CKOM BAa,n:HcAaBa; OH je, HaCTaBlbaIlIe ,n:albe 1JypalJ, H3
CaMHAOCTH npeMa IberoBoj Cy,n:6HHH H3a3Bao npoTHB ce6e
MP)KlbY Yrpa H cTapa HenpHjaTelbcTBa CKeH,n:ep6era, na H
opy)Kje CBHX cyce,n:a, Te ca,n:a, 360r Tora IlITO My je yqHHHO
YCAYry, Mopa HcnaIlITaTH Ka3HY; ,n:a ce, no CKeH,n:ep6ery,
He 6H peKAo ,n:a je MypaT OCTao no6e,n:HHK y 6HIJ;H npOTHB
Yrpa, jep ca CBOjHM cpelJeHHM o,n:pe,n:HMa yna,n:a 'lac y
IberOBY 3eMlbY, a 'lac y 3eMlbY IberOBHX npHjaTelba, TaKO ,n:a
je ca CBHX CTpaHa OKpJ)KeH HenpHjaTelbcKHM opY)KjeM, C
je,n:He CTpaHe yrapcKHM, C ,n:pyre CTpaHe ap6aHaIlIKHM, Te
,n:a OH Hehe MohH ,n:albe ,n:a ce o.n:ynHpe, nOIlITO cy IberOBe
CHare npecAa6e y nopelJelby C HenpHjaTelbcKHM, aKO My
3eT, KOMe je OH Ka,n: je 6HO y HeBOlbH yqHHHO TOAHKe yCAy­
re, He npJ)KH 3aIlITHry. OBe ,n:ecnOTOBe ja,n:HKOBKe, a Hapo­
'lHTO IberoBa nOCAe,n:lba YCAyra, raHYAe cy MypaTa, KOjH je
HHa'le 6HO CKAOH paTOBalby, Te 6H OH O,n:Max Mo6HAHCaO
lby,n:CTBO H npHnpeMHo opJ)Kje ,n:a HHje y paTY C YrpHMa
Beh H3ry6HO orpoMaH 6poj BojHHKa, a HCTO TaKO H y He­
,n:aBHoM paTY C Ap6aHaCHMa, Kao H ,n:a HHje Beh 6HO OC­
Tapeo, na je )KeAeO ,n:a y MHpy npO)KHBH OCTaTaK )KHBOTa.
Ho HnaK HHje nponycTHo ,n:a YTeIlIH 1JyplJa. 06ehao My je
,n:a he AH'lHO ,n:OhH H OCBeTHTH cpaMoTY KOjy cy My HaHeAH
IberoBH HenpHjaTelbH. AAH, Ha Kpajy, HHje HHIlITa npe-
Jalirco XYH>aau .n:y3eO. JaHKO XYlba,n:H, ca cBoje CTpaHe, ,n:a 6H ce OCBeTHO
oceenYJe ce t-..
T a TypIJ;HMa 360r nOpa3a xpHIlIllaHCKe BOjCKe KO,n: BapHe,
yp~UM . . . .. C KOCMO) HaAa3H Ha rpaHHIJ;H PaIlIKe H ByrapcKe, r,n:e je
CaKynHO je HOBY BOjCKY, C KOjOM je CTHraO ,n:O rpa,n:a eBe­
pHHa. 3aYCTaBHBIlIH ce Ha 06aAH ilyHaBa, nOCAaO je cBoje
nOKAHCape 1JyplJy, HaroBapajyhH ra H MOAehH (KaKO je H
paHHje BHIlIe nyTa 'lHHHO) ,n:a My ce npH,n:pJ)KH y OBOM 'lac-' .,
HOM H CBeTOM noxo.n:y. CTaBlbaO My je npe,n: O'lH KaKBe je
334 CBe YCAyre npHMHO O,n: Yrpa H KaKO 6H 6HAO CTpaxOBHTO
HenOIlITeHO Ka,n: 6H ce nOKa3ao He3axBaAHHM npeMa IbHMa.
YBepaBao ra je ,n:a paT MO)Ke 6HTH caMO ycneIlIaH, jep HMa
,n:OBOlbHO H HOBIJ;a H lby,n:CTBa; OH je HMao y CBOjOj BOjCIJ;H
,n:Ba,n:eceT XHlba,n:a BojHHKa, He pa'lYHajyhH ry BAaIlIKe o,n:­
pe,n:e; ,n:a ce, npeMa TOMe, 3a oBaj noxo,n: TPa)KH H ,n:a He,n:o­
cTaje caMO OH, BAa,n:ap PaIlIKe; aKO OH CBOjHM caBeTOM H
CBOjOM MohH nOMorHe oBaj no,n:yxBaT, HHIlITa ce BHIlIe He
13ypao ce MO)Ke nO)KeAeTH. CTora ra je YCp,n:HO MOAHO ,n:a nocTpojH
norcCVK:e cBoje o,n:pe,n:e AaKe KOlbHIJ;e H ,n:a KpeHe 3a IbHM. AAH KaKO
lie3axeaJlliUM 1JypalJ HHje 6HO HH CKAOH, a KaMOAH o.n:yIlIeBlbeH ,n:a yqec­
npe.Ma YlpUMa. . t-.
TByje y OBOMe pary, H3BHlbaBao ce Ha CBe Morylle Ha'lHHe,
HaBo,n:ehH npe CBera MHpOBHH yroBOP KOjH ra je o6aBe3H­
Bao npeMa Mypary, Kora HHnOIlITO He 6H XTeo 03AOBOlbH­
TH, Te ,n:a ra AH'lHO nOHOBO He cHalJe paHHja HeBOlba. OBe H
398
MHore ,n:pyre pa3Aore HCTHIJ;aO je 1JypalJ KaKO He 6H YIlIao y
caBe3 C JaHKOM, KOMe je, y CTBapH, MHOro 3aBH,n:eo. Ha­ 3aeuau
HMe, 11.ypaIJ HHje Morao no,n:HeTH IlITO My je JaHKO 6HO XYH>aoujy lia
cp'ialiocmu.
npeTnocTaBlbeH y ynpaBH YrapCKor KpalbeBCTBa, a, ceM
Tora, cTH,n:eo ce ,n:a Kao ,n:ecnoT H BAa,n:ap Me3Hje, nOTOMaK
IJ;apCKe A03e, paryje no,n: 3aCTaBOM XYlba,n:Hja. Ka,n: je Xy­
Iba,n:H TO ca3Hao, MHoro ce yBpe,n:HO H pacp,n:HO. rIpeTHo je
,n:a he OH AH'lHO, aKO MY 60r ,n:a,n:e no6e.n:y y pary, CBOjHM
PYKaMa (KaKo je 06H'laj KO,n: I1H,n:HjaIJ;a) 3aBpHYTH IlIHjy XYH>aau
HeBepHoM H He3axBaAHOM 1JyplJy, na IberOBO KpalbeBCTBO 3anpemu
npe,n:aTH ,n:pyroMe, ,n:OCTojHHjeM o,n: Ibera. XYlba,n:H, ,n:aKAe, 13ypoy.
KpeHe CMeCTa nyT ByrapcKe. rIpoAa3ehH Kp03 PaIlIKY no­
xapao jy je Kao ,n:a je TO 6HAa HenpHjaTelbcKa 3eMlba. qHM
je XYlba,n:H KpeHyo, 1JypalJ je npeKO BHIlIe rAaCHHKa o6a­
BeCTHO MypaTa 0 noxo.n:y Yrpa H 6pojy IberoBe BojcKe. To
13ypao U3ee­
je 'lHHHO ,n:eAOM 360r 3aBHCTH KOjy je (KaKo je pe'leHo) oce­ cmuMypama
hao npeMa JaHKY, a ,n:eAoM ,n:a 6H yro,n:Ho Mypary, Ha,n:ajy­ o norcpemUMa
hH ce ,n:a he Ha Taj Ha'lHH .n:yro BpeMeHa OCTaTH C IbHM Y xpuw.nalia.
npHjaTelbcTBY. 1JypalJ ra je o6aBecTHo 3aTHM ,n:a je XYlba,n:H
npeIlIao ilyHaB C He3HaTHOM BOjCKOM H ,n:a He Tpe6a yon­
IlITe ,n:a ra ce 60jH, Beh HeKa ra nycTH ,n:a npolJe ,n:albe, a
oH,n:a HeKa My n03a,n:H 3aTBopH npOAa3e, jep aKO TaKO yqH­
HH, HHKO o,n: IbHX Hehe MohH ,n:a YMaKHe. MypaT je pa,n:o
nOCAYIlIao oBaj ,n:ecnOTOB caBeT H HHje O,n:Max y,n:apHO Ha
HenpHjaTelba, Beh ra je nYCTHO ,n:a npolJe ,n:albe cAe,n:ehH ra
,n:Ba H TpH ,n:aHa xo,n:a n03a,n:H, Te My je C AelJa 3aTBopHO
npOAa3e KaKO ce He 6H Morao nOByhH HaTpar. 11 Beh cy 335
o6e BojcKe 6HAe CTHrAe Ha KOCOBO nOlbe, Koje ce (KaKO pe­
XYlba,n:H O'leKHBaO CKeH,n:ep6erOBe 'leTe. Typ'lHH, KOjH je 0
TOMe 6HO 06aBeIlITeH, npHcHAHO ra je ,n:a npHXBaTH 6HTKY
y KOjOj cy YrpH, Ma,n:a cy ce jYHa'lKH H xpa6po 60PHAH, Ha
Kpajy HnaK 6HAH nOpa)KeHH, He TOAHKO xpa6poIlIhy, KOAH­ YH>aaujee
nopa3lia
KO 6POjHOM Ha,n:MohHoIlIhy HenpHjaTelba. Ty je naAO caMO Kocoey [JOJbY.
ocaM XHlba,n:a xpHIlIhaHa, a TypaKa TpH,n:eceT H 'leTHpH XH­
lba,n:e. rIpHMeTHBIlIH XYlba,n:H ,n:a je JOBaH 3eKep, CHH je,n:He
IberOBe ceCTpe, norHHYO y 6HIJ;H, ,n:a cy 3apo6lbeHe MHore XYH>aau
6eJICU CaM
paTHe 3aCTaBe, ,n:a je BojcKa HaTepaHa y 6eKCTBO Hany­ nycmopaMa.
CTHAa CBe, H OH CTa,n:e 6e)KaTH H AYTaTH caM Ha KOlbY no
nYCTapaMa, H 6e3 jeAa H 6e3 nHha. Ka,n: je BH,n:eo ,n:a My je
KOlb Beh CYCTao, HanYCTH ra H H.n:yhH TaKO caM ,n:olJe ,n:o HanaoliY la
Paw.aliu.
je,n:Hora 6pe)KJlbKa. Ona3HBIlIH ry ,n:a HeKH Typ'lHH Tp'lH 3a
IbHM C KonlbeM y PYIJ;H, no6e)Ke H CKAOHH ce y je,n:HY MO­
'lBapy. 113aIlIaBIlIH KacHHje o,n:aTAe, ylJe y 3eMlbY ,n:ecnOTa
1JyplJa. TaMo je cycpeo ,n:Ba PaIlIaHHHa Koje je y3 BeAHKa
o6ehalba MOAHO ,n:a ra nOBe.n:y y Beorpa,n:. OHH cy ra Hajnpe
HaxpaHHAH, a 3aTHM, o6ehaBIlIH My ,n:a he ra o,n:BeCTH KY,n:a
)KeAH, KpeHyIlIe C IbHM Ha nyT HaKO cy 'lBPCTO HaMepaBaAH
399
 -.".-­
,l:(a ra y3 nyT y6Mjy. I10IIITO cy, ,l:(aKAe, rrpeBaAHAM MaAM ,l:(eO
1Jypal) JK:eJl.U nyTa, HacpHyllie Ha lbera ,l:(a BM,I:(e MMa AM IIITO Y3a ceo
oayxaamu HaIlIaBIlIM je,l:(aH 3AaTHH KpCT KOjM My je BMCMO 0 BpaTy,
Xyfbaauja.
OTeIlIe MY ra. MeOYTMM, ,l:(OK cy ce OHM CBaOaAM OKO KpCTa,
JaHKO yrAe,l:(a y 6AM3MHM je,l:(aH lbMXOB Ma'-l, 3rpa6M ra
XMTpO M je,l:(HOra 0,1:( lbMX CMPTHO paHM, ,l:(OK ce ,l:(pyrM crrace
6eKCTBOM. Ka,I:( je ,l:(eCrrOT oypaO '-lyo 3a rropa3 xpMIlIhaHa,
rrOCAao je TeAaAa rro '-lMTaBoj CBOjOj ,l:(p2KaBM M HarrMcao
yrrpaBHMIJ:MMa CBOjMX 3eMaJba ,l:(a He cMejy rrporrYCTMTM
HMje,l:(HOra Yrpa Kp03 lberoBY 3eMlhY rrpe Hero IIITO McrrMTa­
jy KO je M OTKY,I:(a je, a ,l:(a CBe OCTaAe rrpMrra,l:(HMKe ,l:(pyrMx
HaIJ:Hja CA060,l:(HO rrporryCTe. Y CAY'-lajy, rraK, ,l:(a rrpoHaoy
JaHKa XYlba,l:(Mja, ,l:(a ra ,l:(OBeJl.Y rrpe,l:(a lbera. I10rAaBapM
rrOKpajMHa, ca cBoje CTpaHe, M3,1:(a,I:(OIlIe rrporAaC CBMM CBO-
rrO,l:(aHMIJ:MMa ,l:(a CBaKor Yrpa Kora HaOY CMeCTa rrpH­
BeJl.Y K lbMMa. Ko ro,l:( 6M ce orpeIlIMO 0 OBO Hapeoelbe, MO­
pao je YMpeTM Ha MYKaMa. XYlba,l:(M, cas M3rAa,I:(HeO, HMje
3Hao IlITa ,l:(a Pa,l:(M. CTMraBIlIM y je,l:(HO MeCTO y PaIlIKoj r,l:(e
cy HeKM CeIbaIJ:M pa,l:(llAM Ha rrOIbY, yrryTM ce K lbMMa M 3a­
336 MOAM ,l:(a MY ,l:(aJl.Y MaAO XAe6a. Ka,l:( cy OBM pa3a6paAM ):(a je
YrpMH M ,l:(a Tpa2KM XAe6a, O,l:(rOBopMIlIe: "I1pMjaTeIby HaIlI,
XAe6a MMaMO M ,l:(alleMO BaM KOAMKO ro,l:( xoheTe, aAM rrpo­
rrMC Tpa2KM M CHAM Hac Hapeoelbe BAa,I:(apa ,l:(a Bac CBaKaKO
paxlllaH.u...ca.eJK Y MOpaMO rrpMBeCTM rpa,l:(CKoj yrrpaBM ,l:(a ce BM,I:(M KO CTe.
yfbauUja.
Ka,I:( yrrpaBa YTBp,l:(M KO CTe, CMeCTa he Bac M 6e3 MKaKBHX
CMeTlbH rrYCTHTM Y Barny 3eMlhy. Jep Tpa2Ke (KaKO MMCAM­
MO) CaMO JaHKa XYlba,l:(Mja." PeKaBIlIM TO, rrOMeHYTM ceIba­
IJ:M ra He nycTMIIIe ,l:(a O,l:(e, Beh ra '-lBpCTO Be3aIlIe M rrpMCH­
AMIlIe ,l:(a Ka2Ke M rrpM3Ha HajCTapMjeM H3MeOY lbMX ,l:(a je OH
XYlba,l:(H. XYIba,l:(H HM je MHOro 06ehaBao aKO ra O,l:(BeJl.Y y
Beorpa,l:(, a He rrpHBeJl.Y npe,l:( rpa,l:(cKY yrrpasy. OHaj, ,l:(a­
KAe, HajcTapHjM Meoy lbMMa rr03Hao ra je M 06ehao ,l:(a My
ce Hehe HMIlITa ,l:(Oro,l:(HTM M ,l:(a he ra rrOBeCTH KYhH. OH je
OTKPHO CBOjOj 6pahM ,l:(a je TO XYlba,l:(M, M Hape,l:(Mo MM ,l:(a
cTBap ,l:(p2Ke y TajHoCTM. KaCHO y Hoh O,l:(Be,l:(Ollie ra y je,l:(HY
,aoaeOeH. npeo • . 'to. •
" ''' rroJaTy r,l:(e cy ,l:(p2KaAM ceHO H CTOK}', O'-leKYJYllM JYTPO ,l:(a C
uypua .
lbHM KpeHy rryT Beorpa,l:(a. Ho cAe,l:(eher ,l:(aHa nOMeHYTa
6paha ce rrOCBaOaIlIe H je,l:(aH 0,1:( lbMX, paCp,l:(HBIlIM ce, rrooe
,l:(a oTKpMje CTBap rpa,l:(CKoj yrrpaBM. OBa ynyTM cBoje CY,l:(­
CKe '-lMHOBHHKe, KOjM cy yxsaTMAM Xylba,l:(Hja H Be3aHor OT­
npeMMAM ,l:(ecnoTy y3 06aBeIlITelbe r,l:(e je 6MO rrpOHaOeH.
Ka,I:( je oypao ,l:(06MO y PYKe XYIba,l:(Mja, 3a,l:(p2KaO ra je HeKO
BpeMe Kao 3ap06IbeHHKa y KYAM. ,llOK je XYlba,l:(M Ty 60pa­
BMO, HaroBopMo je KarreTaHa KYAe M OCTaAY rrocaJl.Y ,l:(a ce
3,1:(PY2Ke C lbMM M ,l:(a 3aje,l:(HM'-lKH Harra,l:(HY AM'-lHO ,l:(eCrrOTa, rrpMjaTeIba, rrO'-leo je p06HTM H nIba'-lKaTH Y3Jl.Y2K H norrpeKo
Te 3ay3My rpa,l:(. &\H CTBap, Ha Kpajy, He ycrre, jep je,l:(aH 0,1:(
3aBepeHMKa OTKpM oYPOY OBY 3aBepy. OypaO Hape,l:(M,I:(a ce
nory6e CBM 3aBepeHMIJ:M, a rrOCAe HeKOAMKO ,l:(aHa je nYCTHO
400
XylbMMja rro,l:( YCAOBOM ,l:(a ce lberOB CMH MaTMja 02KeHM 1Jypal) nycmu
je,l:(HOM lberOBOM YHYKOM, KhepM IJ:eIbCKor rpoQ:>a YApMxa, M Xyfbaouja H.a
JOIlI ,l:(a My Mopa BpaTMTM CBe TBpoaBe Koje je XYIba,l:(M CJW6ooy.
,l:(p2Kao y ParnKoj. ,lla 6M, rraK, 6HO cHrypaH 3a OHO IlITO je
yroBOPMO C XylbMHjeM, oypao je 3aTpa2KH0 ,l:(a My ,l:(a 3a
TaOIJ:a CBora CMHa i\a,I:(MCAaBa. KM je TO rrOCTMrao, nYCTHO
je XYlba,l:(Hja ,l:(a O,l:(e Y YrapcK}'. XYIbMH ce y YrapcKoj HeKO
BpeMe O,l:(MapaO H orropaBIbao 0,1:( TOAMKllX Harropa, a OH,I:(a
je pelliMO ,l:(a ce OCBeTM oYPOY, '-lHjy je He3axBaAHOCT Te2Ke
rrO,l:(HOCMO Hero Mp2KlbY TypaKa, a H3Ha,l:( CBera My je 6HAO
MY'-lHO cehalbe Ha porrCTBo rrpOBe,l:(eHO y PaIlIKoj. CTora je 337
caKYrrMO BOjCK}' M Harrao OYPoeBe 3eMIbe. I1orraAMo je ceAa, Xyfbaau
noxapao rrOIba, 3aY3eo rpMoBe H Ha Kpajy 3a KpaTKo Bpe­ H.anaoH.e 1)yp­
I)eay 3eMJby.
Me OCBOjHO IlITO je OypaO rrOCe,l:(OBao y OHOM KpaJbeBCTBY.
Ka,l:( je XTeo npehM rrpeKO ,l:(a pyIlIH PaIlIKY, M3HOOIlIe My y
cycpeT oypoeBM nOKAMCapM, Te My CaMM ,l:(06POBOIbHO rro­
BpaTHIlIe CHHa i\a,I:(HCAaBa, Kojera je oypao KpaJbeBCKll
,l:(apOBao. 3aTHM cy ra 3aMOAHAM ,l:(a OJl.YCTaHe 0,1:( ,l:(aJber
YHMIlITaBalba M orrpOCTM HaHeTe My YBpe,l:(e, jep je oypao
cnpeMaH ,l:(a y6YJl.Yhe PMM rrpeMa lberoBMM 2KeIbaMa.
XYlba,l:(M je 3aCTao '-laCaK ,l:(a npOMHCAM IlITO he YPa,l:(MTH,
aAM je, Ha Kpajy, 6MO CBAa,l:(aH MOA6aMa CBOjMX yrapcKMx Xyfbaou u
BeAMKallia KOjM cy ce 6HAM 3aA02KHAM ,l:(a ra M3MMpe C oyp­ 1Jypal) clUlone
oeM. O,l:(06POBOIbMO ce H 3aKIbY'-lHO rrOBOIbaH MMp C oyp­ MUp.
oeM, Te ce BpaTMO y YrapcKY. To je 6HAO 1448. ro,l:(HHe, a
'-leTBPTe rO,l:(MHe XYlbMMjeBa BAa,I:(alba. CAe,l:(ehe rO,l:(HHe Mypam
MypaT rrOHOBO rrOBe,l:(e paT rrpOTHB OypOa. Ka,l:( je, HaMMe, 3apamu npo­
,l:(03Hao ,l:(a je HMao y pYKaMa XYlba,l:(Mja M ,l:(a ra je rrYCTHO mua 1)ypl)a.
Ha CA060Jl.Y, BeOMa ce paCp,l:(Ho M OMY'-lHO ,l:(a ra 3a TO Ka3­
HM. I10CAaO je <l>pMOM6era (Frigibergo, <l>epM36er) C BOjCKOM
0,1:( '-leTp,l:(eCeT ce,l:(aM XHIba,l:(a 6opaIJ:a Ha rpaHMU:Y PaIlIKe M Mypam
Hape,l:(MO My ,l:(a HaCTOjM ,l:(a IlITO rrpe rrOHOBO H3rpa,l:(M Kpy­ o6H.oeu
IlIeaaIJ:, rpa,l:( KOjM je Ae2KaO Ha peIJ:M MopaBH, M paHMje 6MO KpYllleaal/,.
rropyrneH y BeAMKOM paTy, a 3aTMM ,l:(a C TOr MeCTa H3BpIlIH
HarrM Ha OYPoeBY 3eMIbY, Te rroxapa rrOIba M CBe yHMIlITM
orlbeM M Ma'-leM. <l>pMOM6er je H3BpIlIMO IIITO MY 6HAO IPpul)u6ez
HapeOeHO. Ha npBOM MeCTY, Hape,l:(MO je ,l:(a ce ,l:(OBe,l:(e M3 H.anaOH.e
1Jypl)a.
cyce,l:(HHX MeCTa BeAHKM 6poj 3H,I:(apa M ,l:(pyrMx 3aHaTAMja
Pa,l:(M rrOHOBHe M3rpMlbe M yTBpOMBalba KpYIlIeBIJ:a. I1ope,l:(
Tora, M3,1:(aO je 3a6paHy ,l:(a y TO BpeMe HHKO 0,1:( lberoBHx
Iby,l:(H He CMe Ha 6MAO KOjM HR'IHH Harra,l:(aTH cyce,l:(e, KaKO
PaIlIaHM He 6M rrOMpCHAM lberoBe rrAaHOBe. I10IlITO je OCM­
rypao oBaj rpM HacHrrHMa, japIJ:HMa M KYAaMa, TaKO ,l:(a je
lberOBa rroca,I:(a AaKO MOrAa O,l:(oAeTM CBaKOM HanaJl.Y He­
rro oypoeBoj 3eMIbM. oypao ce 360r TOra BeOMa ynAaIlIMo M
HMje 3Hao IlITa ,l:(a pa,l:(H: rroMMpMTM ce C TyP'-lHHOM HHje
Morao ceM rro IJ:eHY BeAMKllX 3AO'-lMHa M orpoMHy IIITeTy a
401
 r
aKO ce XTeO O.lJY11peTH, HHje HHnOlliTO MOraO pa"I)'HaTH Ha
nOMoh XYlba,z:(Hja, Kojera je, 3HaO je ,lJ,06po, YBpe,lJ,HO, ,lJ,OK
,lJ,pyrora, naK, HHje 6HAO KOMe 6H ce MOraO 06paTHTH. Ho H
nope,lJ, TOra, 6HO je npe CnpeMaH ,lJ,a TpnH CBe HeBOlbe Hero
,lJ,a ce nOKopH OKPYTHOM po60BalbY TypqHHY. KOHaqHO,
HnaK ce 06paTH 3a nOMoh XYlba,D,Hjy, Ma,lJ,a je TO yqHHHO C
MHOro 063Hpa. JaHKo MY Ta,lJ,a BeOMa Pa,D,O nOHY,lJ,H CBOjy
nOMoh, jep je yBHtiao ,lJ,a he YrpH, aKO BapBapHH 3aY3Me
338 PaIIIKY, HMaTH TOra BapBapHHa HenpeKH,lJ,HO Ha nparOBH­
Ma CBOjHX ,lJ,OMoBa. XYlba,D,H ce, ,lJ,aKAe, caKYnHBIIIH BeAHKY
XYlbaiJu BOjCKY, cnYCTHO ce Y PalliKY. 3a6opaBHO je H onpOCTHo y
npume1CHe Y . HHTepecy xpHIIIhaHCTBa CBe HenpaB,lJ,e H YBpe,lJ,e, na HHje
nOMol'i PaU1.1CO) nOCAao ,lJ,pyre KaneTaHe, Beh je AHqHO ,lJ,OIIIao ,lJ,a nOMorHe
He3axBaAHOM ,lJ,eCnoTy. Ilpelliao je ,llyHaB KO,lJ, CMe,lJ,epeBa,
H Ka,D, je Ylliao y PaIIIKY, npH,lJ,pYJKHO je cBoje qeTe 1)yptie­
BHM qeTaMa, Te KpeHyo YCHlbeHHM MapIIIeM KaKO 6H H3He­
Ha,lJ,a Hanao HenpHjaTelba. qeTBpTor ,lJ,aHa npH6AillKHAH cy
ce TypU.HMa, H ynpaBO ce pa3,lJ,aHHAO Ka,D, cy YAa3HAH y
nO,lJ,pyqje. Ty ce H3Metiy ,lJ,Be BojcKe nO,lJ,HrOllie (KaKO ce
06HqHO ,lJ,eIIIaBa) 06Aau.H KOjH 3aKAOHHIIIe nOrAe,lJ, je,lJ,Hoj Ha
,lJ,pyry. Ho Ha Kpajy CYHqeBH 3pau.H pa3arHaIlle 06AaKe, Te
npe,lJ, HenpHjaTelbeM 3acjaIlle HaopYJKaHe qeTe y KojHMa cy
ce H3,lJ,aAeKa MorAe pacn03HaTH XYlba,lJ,HjeBe 3aCTaBe. Typ­
U.H ce YCAe,lJ, OBor H3HeHa,D,HOr HaHAaCKa xpHIllhaHa TOAHKO
o6ecxpa6pHIIIe ,lJ,a BHIIIe HHCY nOMHIIIlbaAH HH Ha Haopy­
MaBalbe 'leTa, HH Ha pacnopetiHBalbe CTpaJKa, HH Ha npH­
XBaTalbe 6HTKe C HenpHjaTelbeM, Beh je CBaKO HaCTojao ,lJ,a
nOTpaJKH cnac y 6eKCTBY. CTBOPHBIIIH, ,lJ,aKAe, O,lJ,Max y no­
qeTKY nOMeTlbY, CBH cy CTaAH 6eMaTH. 3a lbHMa je nOIIIAa
y nOTepy AaKa KOlbHu.a, Koja je MHore noy6HjaAa, a 3HaTaH
6poj 3apo6HAa. Ka,D, je, MetiYTHM, HacTynHAa Hoh, XPHIll­
haHH cy ce BpaTHAH HaTpar, a TYPU.H cy ce nOCaKpHBaAli:
"'~ '" no IIIyMaMa. cppHtiH6er H MHore ,lJ,pyre AHqHOCTH 6HAH cy
....-.:!pusvea
nopWICeH u 3apo6lbeHH. O,lJ,HeBIIIH OBY no6e,D,y, XyH:.a,D,H notie y BHAHH,
yxeal'ieHJKUe. rpa,D, y ByrapcKoj, KOjH ce HaAa3H Ha ,llyHaBY, Te ra cnaAH
Kao rpa.n KOjH je BHIIIe nyra 6HO Y3POK MHornx paToBa.
XYIb;~~aJtu O,lJ,aTAe ce ~MeCTa BpaTH y PaIIIKY, nOKAOHH ,lJ,ecnoTy po­
6lbe, Te TPHJYMq,aAHO ytie y Beorpa,D,. 1)ypati je MHBeo no,lJ,
MeXMeo yrapcKoM 3aIIITHTOM BeOMa MHpHO. HH Typu.H ce HHCY ycy-
HanaOHe 15yp- tiHBaAH ,lJ,a ra TaKO qeCTO Hana,D,ajy. TeK MeXMe,lJ" KOjH je
oeey SeMJby. HaCAe,lJ,HO CBora ou.a MypaTa, nOCAe oCBajalba rpa,D,a UapH­
MeXMeo08 rpa,D,a KpeHYo je y paT npOTHB ,lJ,pMaBe PaIIIKe. Iloqeo je,lJ,a
USyM H,,~oa Ha- once,lJ,a HOBO Bp,lJ,O, Koje je TyKao apTHlbepHjoM, H KYrAe cy
'Lama ue)cmea .
apm'U.lbepuje. Y napa60AaMa na,D,aAe y rpa,D,. OBaJ HaqHH nyu.alba H3 ap-
Hoeo Bpoo, THlbepHje npBH je (nHIlle AaoHHK y VII. KlbH3H) npOHaIIIaO
Tpentta u MeXMe,lJ,. 3anpenaIllheHH 6paHHOu.H npe,lJ,a,D,OIIIe ceo To
l}PUSPeH HCTO cy yqHHHAH noCAe H OHH Y TpenqH H IlpH3peHY. OBO
nauHY y pyl\.e
TuOttUHU. je 6HAO 1454. ro,lJ,HHe, KaKO nHIIIe BOHq,HHH y VIII. KlbH3H
402
3. ,n:eKa,lJ,e. )(13 HOBor Bp,lJ,a MeXMe,lJ, je O,lJ,HeO Haj,lJ,parou.e­ 339
HHje CTBapH H nOBeo ca C060M HajyrAe,lJ,HHje AHqHOCTH, a
OCTaAe je OCTaBHO Ty pa,lJ,H HCKopHIIIhaBalba MHOro6pojHHX
Maj,lJ,aHa H3 KOjHX je ,lJ,eCnOT 1)ypati u.pneo BeAHKe npHXO,lJ,e.
Ka,lJ, je 1)ypati ca3Hao 3a npHnpeMe Koje je TypqHH npe.ny­
3HMao, ynAalliHo ce 3a CBOjy ,lJ,pMaBY H 3a CBOjy AHqHOCT.
CTora je HaopYJKao cBoje 3eMlbe H npelliao nOHOBO y Yrap­
cKY ,lJ,a TpaJKH nOMoh. KaKO TaMO HHje 6HAO Aa,lJ,HCAaBa, Pasaoeop
nOlliao je K lbeMY y Beq. TaMO je 6HO TaKotie q,paTap )(IBaH HeaHa
KanHcTpaH H3 Pe,lJ,a CBeTora cppalbe. To je 6HO qOBeK CBeTa KanucmpaHa
MHBOTa H BeOMa peBHoCTaH npOnOBe,lJ,HHK. IlOlliTO je u oecnoma
15ypOa.
MHOro MeAeo ,lJ,a pa3roBapa C ,lJ,eCnOTOM, nopyqHo My ,lJ,a
6H ce Pa,D,O C lbHMe caCTao, YKOAHKO My TO He 6H 6HAO He­
npHjaTHo. ,n:ecnoT je O,lJ,rOBOpHO ,lJ,a npHCTaje ,lJ,a ce je,lJ,HOr
,lJ,aHa caCTaHY. Ka,D, cy 6HAH y pa3roBOpy, KanHCTpaH je no­
'leo YBeplbHBHM pa3A03HMa ,lJ,OKa3HBaTH ,lJ,a je CTaHOBHIIITe
KaTOAHqKe u.pKBe y norAe.ny peAHrHje HajcBeTHje, H lbero­
BHM pa3A03HMa HHje ce MorAO HHIIITa npHroBopHTH. 360r 15ypoee
Tora je HaroBapao H MOAHO ,lJ,eCnOTa ,lJ,a ce ca CBHM CBOjHM ooaoeop
KanucmpaHY·
HapO,lJ,OM cje,lJ,HHH C pHMOKaTOAH'IKOM U.PKBOM. 1)ypati My
O,lJ,roBOPH: "Ja CaM ,lJ,eBe,lJ,eCeT ro,lJ,HHa JKHBeO y OBOM yse­
pelby Koje cy MH yAHAH Y .nyIIIy MOjH npeu.H, Te caM ja KO,lJ,
CBor HapO,lJ,a (Ma,D,a HecpehaH) yseK 6HO CMaTpaH naMeT­
HHM. Ca,D,a 6H TH XTeo ,lJ,a nOMHCAe, Ka,D, 6H Me BH,lJ,eAH ,lJ,a
caM ce H3MeHHO, ,lJ,a caM 360r cTapocTH H3Aaneo H,lJ,a caM
(KaKO npOCT HapO,lJ, BeAH) nO,lJ,eTHlbHO. Ja 6HX npe npHCTao
,lJ,a YMpeM Hero ,lJ,a H3HeBepHM npe,lJ,alba CBOjHX npe,lJ,aKa."
IlpeKHHYBIIIH THM peqHMa pa3roBop C KanHCTpaHOM, a H
KaKO HHje Morao HHIIITa HcnOCAOBaTH KO,lJ, Kpalba Aa,D,HCAa­
Ba, KOjH ce CTpaxOBHTO 6HO Ha lbera paCp,lJ,HO Ka,D, je BH,lJ,eO
TOAHKY lberoBY HeBepy, onpOCTH ce H BpaTH He3a,D,OBOlbaH
y PaIIIKY, npYJKHBIIIH OqHTH ,lJ,OKa3 KOAHKO je onaCHa
CTBap CaJKHBeTH ce C AaJKHHM YBepelbHMa TaKO ,lJ,a TO no­
CTaHe ,lJ,pyra HapaB. Ka,D, ce, ,lJ,aKAe, 1)ypati BpaTHO KYhH, H
qyo ,lJ,a MHxaHAO CHAatiH, qHjy je ceCTpy XYlba,lJ,H HMao 3a
MeHY H KOjH je Ta,D,a 6HO O,lJ,petieH 3a O,lJ,6paHY rpa.na AA6e,
HOBHM HMeHOM 3BaHor Beorpa,lJ" ca CBOjHM 6paTOM Aa,D,H­
CAaBOM npOAa3H Ha KOAHMa 6AH3Y lberOBe rpaHHu.e, nOCAao
je npeMa lbHMa H3BeCTaH 6poj HaopYJKaHHX lbY,lJ,H ca 3a­
Paw.aHU Ha­
,lJ,aTKOM ,lJ,a My HX ,lJ,OBe,D,y MHBe HAH MpTBe. Ka.n je MHxa­ naoHY U
HAO BH,lJ,eO ,lJ,a he ra PaIllaHH HanaCTH, 6au.H ce CMeCTa C AaiJuc.naaa
KOAa H y3jaxa Beh cnpeMHor KOlba, Te ce cnace 6eKcTBoM, CUJ!aOuja.
npOKpqHBIIIH ce6H nyT OpYJKjeM y pYU.H. MetiYTHM, lberoB
6paT Aa,z:(HCAaB, Kora cy PaIIIaHH 3aTeKAH Ha KOAHMa, 6HO
je palbeH Ha BHIIIe MeCTa H Ty je yMpO. MHXaHAO O,ll.t\yqH ,lJ,a
OCBeTH HaHeceHY HenpaB.ny H 6paTOBlbeBY CMPT, Te 3aTO 340
nOCAa 1)yptiy MHOro yxo,lJ,a npeKO KOjHX je C HajBehoM naJK­
lbOM npaTHo lberoBo KpeTalbe. Ka,D, My je 6HAO caonIIITeHO
403