Gasification Technology Conference 2013

Oct.13-16, Colorado Spring

Innovativeness and Development of

Tsinghua Gasification Technology

Zhang Jiansheng
Email: zhang-jsh@tsinghua.edu.cn
Thermal Engineering Department, Tsinghua University
Beijing 100084, P.R.China
Outline

1. Typical Entrained Flow Gasification Technology

2. Research Abilities at Tsinghua University
3. First Generation TU gasifier: Refractory structure
4. Secondary Generation TU gasifier: Membrane Wall
5. Conclusions and remarks

Gasification Technology Conference 2013, Oct.13-16, Colorado Spring

1.1 Typical Entrained Flow Gasification Technology

Shell GE Texaco Siemens GSP E-Gas

All the O2 is injected into

chamber at same level

Prenflo PDQ Multi-burner HT-L Two stage dry feed

Courtesy to: Henry Wang, Robert Rigdon, Harry Morehead, Phil Amick, Karsten Radtke, Zhou Zhijie, Jiang
Congbin, Xu Shisen

Gasification Technology Conference 2013, Oct.13-16, Colorado Spring

1.2 Combination of section technology of entrained
flow gasification

Feedstock Lining Heat Recovery

Refractory GE
slurry HRSG
Bricks Shell, Prenflo,
Two stage dry

？ Cooling Direct
feed

GE, Multi-burner
Dry Feed
Screen Quench GSP, HT-L

Gasification Technology Conference 2013, Oct.13-16, Colorado Spring

2 Research facilities
• Well established research and technology development method
• Fundamental studies, gasification kinetics, simulation, cold and hot experimental facilities
• Patent technology related to the whole gasification process, including feedstock preparation,
transportation, gasification, grey/black treatment, energy recovery
• Successfully demoed two generation gasification technology
3D velocity Operation Flow pattern Process Velocity field
Local concentration technology Resistance Key parameters Temperature field
RTD Operation manual
Key parameters Coal test Concentration field
Nozzle evaluation Safety
…… …… Optimization
…… ……
……

Support the application study and the successful of industrial application

3 First Generation TU gasifier: Refractory structure
Key idea Demo project: 500tons/day(Jan., 2006)
 The concept of air staging was  The temperature near the process nozzle is about
introduced into coal gasification 50℃ lower than that of GE technology, double
 Improve the temperature distribution service life
and material mixing
 1~2% higher of CO and H2, lower coal and oxygen
 The only oxygen staging gasification
consumption
process
 Got the Appraisal Certificate of scientific and
technological achievements in 2007
 International advanced level
Awards and application
2009, the support technology of industry revitalization by China
Nitrogen Fertilizer Industry Association (CNFA)
2009, The Science and Technology progress award (First class)
of China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Association (CPCIA)
Oxygen staging Tsinghua gasifier 2010, the Technology Progress Award(First Class) of China
Nitrogen Fertilizer Industry Association (CNFA)
2009, Selected as one of the advanced gasification technology
with energy saving in the popularization list of the national key
energy saving technology issued by NDRC
2010, Selected as one of the pressurized gasification technology
in the popularization list clean of the clean production technology
of nitrogenous fertilizer industry issued by Ministry of Industry and
Information Technology of China 6
Secondary oxygen nozzle after 88 days
4.1 Secondary Generation TU gasifier: Membrane Wall

Key idea Demo project: 600tons/day(Nov., 2011)

 The natural circulation
 With the advantage of slurry feed gasifier
hydrodynamics and molten slag and membrane wall gasifier
protection are introduced into the  Outstanding overall performance
design of membrane wall of gasifier  Got the Appraisal Certificate of scientific
 Better coal adaptability, low cost and and technological achievements in 2012
fast startup  International leading level
 The world first slurry feed
membrane wall gasifier Advantages
 Successful gasification of coal with 1520℃, coal
covers from lignite to anthracite
 140 days operation in the first startup
 Only 2 hours from normal status to full load

(which is 3 days of GE technology), save 90%

energy during startup
 Long life membrane, low capital cost and
maintenance cost
 Lower pressurized shell temperature, domestic
steel can be used instead of imported steel
Slurry feed membrane wall gasifier 7
4.2 Structure of TU membrane wall
 Vertical pipe, hanging
from top flange
 Free expansion down
 Natural circulation water
system
 No superheated steam
generation

Gasification Technology Conference 2013, Oct.13-16, Colorado Spring

4.3 Features of TU membrane wall gasifier

4.3.1 Intrinsically safe water circulation system

The water circulation is designed based on natural
circulation, which is intrinsic safe even without forced
circulating pump.
Even distribution of cooling water, low resistance
No stratified flow in the pipe

The water flow rate during the period of power loss of the whole plant
Gasification Technology Conference 2013, Oct.13-16, Colorado Spring
4.3 Features of TU membrane wall gasifier
4.3.2 High coal adaptability
As membrane wall is used and the water screen is cooled by cooling
water, the temperature in the gasification is no longer limited by the
refractory bricks. The coal with high ash fusion point can be used.
There is no change of the original SiC layer after 2 years operation.

The water flow rate during the period of power loss of the whole plant

Gasification Technology Conference 2013, Oct.13-16, Colorado Spring

4.3 Features of TU membrane wall gasifier
4.3.3 High flexibility, fast startup
Only one combined nozzle is used for heating up and normal
operation, less than 3 hours is necessary from normal
temperature to full load.
Auto ignition of fuel gas → heating up → slurry feed and
ignition → fuel gas switching → normal operation
SOE recorder Ignition: 6:20 Slurry feed: 8:49

The water flow rate during the period of power loss of the whole plant
4.3 Features of TU membrane wall gasifier
4.3.4 High availability
As the gasifier can be startup fast, also there no refractory bricks
change which need two months at least.
The service life of the process nozzle is much longer than that of
refractory gasifier.
The running hours of single gasifier is expected to 8000 hours.

The combined process nozzle after 140 days operation, the service life
is expected as long as 180 days
4.3 Features of TU membrane wall gasifier
4.3.6 low capital cost and low operation cost
The out surface temperature of pressure shell is 120℃ lower
than that of refractory gasifier, 15CrMoR is used instead of SA387)
Membrane wall with simple structure instead of refractory
bricks(saved several millions RMB)
100% domestic device
Higher operation pressure, the capital cost for downstream shift
unit, cleanup unit and synthesis unit decrease.
4.3 Features of TU membrane wall gasifier
4.3.6 low capital cost and low operation cost
The out surface temperature of pressure shell is 120℃ lower
than that of refractory gasifier, 15CrMoR is used instead of SA387)
Membrane wall with simple structure instead of refractory
bricks(saved several millions RMB)
100% domestic device
Higher operation pressure, the capital cost for downstream shift
unit, cleanup unit and synthesis unit decrease.
4.4 TU-licensed gasification plant(water cooled)
New projects of 2013
No. Customer Parameters of gasifier Coal type CO+H2 rate Final product

Ammonia,
1 China Offshore Oil Tianye Chemical Co., Ltd φ2800mm/6.5MPa Bituminous 159000
Methanol
Description of the contents
Hebei Yangmei Zhengyuan Chemical Co. Ltd Bituminous,
2 φ2800mm/3.5MPa 90000 Ammonia
(Pingshan) Anthracite
3 Xinjiang Tianzhi Chenye Chemical Co. Ltd. φ2800mm/6.5MPa Bituminous, 120000 ethylene glycol,
Anthracite Mechanol
4 Xinganmeng Wulan Taian Energy Chemical Co. φ3200mm/6.5MPa Lignite 193900 Ammonia
Ltd.
5 Yangquan Coal Industry (Group) Co. Ltd. φ2800mm/4.5MPa Bituminous 69000 ethylene glycol
(Pingding)
Describe a vision
6 Xinjiang Guotai Xinhua Mining Co. Ltd. φ2800mm/4.0MPa Bituminous of85000
company or Methanol
strategic
7 Jinmen oil refining plant φ2800mm/6.5MPa Bituminous 200000
contents. H2
8 Jishan sub-company of Shanxi Yangmei φ2800mm/4.0MPa Bituminous 50000 Ammonia
Fengxi Fertilizer Industry (Group) Co., Ltd
Describe a vision
Hebei Qian’an Fertilizer Co., Ltd. bituminous
9 φ2800mm/6.5MPa
of110000
company orAmmonia
strategic
From Sep. 2012 to now, total licensing project is 16, more contents.
than the
total number of all the other gasification technology providers
Retrofitting projects: 1. Guizhou Xincheng Coal chemistry Co. (NWRICI technology)
Change existing refractory gasifier 2. Hilongjiang Beidahuang AgricultureCo. (GE technology)
to TU membrane wall gasifier

Gasification Technology Conference 2013, Oct.13-16, Colorado Spring

5. Conclusions and remarks

 R&D of coal gasification are very active in China

because of market driven.
 It looks like original gasification technologies
invented by advanced country still have space to
improve.
 The contribution of Tsinghua on gasification is
somehow engineering innovation but not science
invention. While such innovation is welcomed by
Chinese industry or by the world.

Gasification Technology Conference 2013, Oct.13-16, Colorado Spring

 Welcome to Tsingua Park
Zhang Jiansheng
Tel: +86-10-62795930
Fax: 86-10-62795930
Email: zhag-jsh@tsinghua.edu.cn