STRUCTURAL DESIGN CALCULATION

FOR STEEL CHIMNEY

01 ISSUED FOR REVIEW 17/11/2019 ACP UMS PDM

REV STATUS DATE OF PREPARED CHECKED APPROVED BY
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SD-CAL-001
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 INTRODUCTION 3

1.1 Purpose 3

1.2 Abbreviation 4

2.0 CODES, STANDARDS AND REFERENCES 5

2.1 Codes and Standards 5

2.2 Reference 5

3.0 UNITS 6

3.1 General 6

3.2 Computer Software 6

4.0 MATERIALS 7

5.0 DESIGN LOADS 8

5.1 Dead Load 8

5.3 Wind Load 8

5.4 Earthquake Loads 10

5.5 Load Combinations 10

6 DESIGN CHECKS 12

6.1 Allowable Stresses 12

6.2 Displacement Check 14

6.3 Base Plate & Anchor Bolt Check 15

6.4 Flange Thickness Check 19

1.0 INTRODUCTION
The Structure design of the slender structure like chimney is governed mainly the lateral
deflections from various environmental loads. The wind and seismic effects need to be
evaluated for strength as well as serviceability.
In view of above, Finite Element Analysis approach has been considered as prudent for
design of Chimney. The stresses have been simulated and analyzed in STAAD by using
plate elements.

Following section describes design, methodologies and results.

Fig. 1.1 Steel chimney

1.1 Purpose
This document describes and demonstrates the structural adequacy of the Steel
Chimney.

1.2 Abbreviation

COG Centre of Gravity

TOS Top of Steel

WSD Working Stress Design

FOS Factor of Safety

UC Unity Check

Fy Minimum Specified Yield Stress

g Acceleration due to gravity

2.0 CODES, STANDARDS AND REFERENCES
The design shall be carried out in accordance with the following codes and standards.

2.1 Codes and Standards

1 ASME STS-1 , 2006 Steel Stacks

Code of practice for design loads Part 1,2,4,5, (Part 3
2 IS:875, 1987
Rev. 03 2015)
Criteria for earthquake resistant design of structures
3 IS:1893, 2016
Part 1
Criteria for earthquake resistant design of structures
4 IS:1893, 2005
Part 4
Code of practice for design and Construction of steel
5 IS:6533, 1989
chimney Part 2

2.2 Reference

1 V45-A2-0320 610 Diameter self-Supported Chimney Fabrication-

14.54 Meters Height
3.0 Units
3.1 General
SI units shall be used in all design calculations, except in special circumstances such as
when using nomography or similar. The basic units for quantities of length, mass, time
and force are:

Measurement Unit
Length Meter (m)
Mass Kilogram (kg) or Tonne Metric (MT)
Velocity Metre / Second (m/sec)
Acceleration Metre / Second2 (m/sec2)
Time Second (s)
Force Kilo newton (kN)
Moment Kilo newton-meter (kN-m)
Stress Mega Pascal (MPa) or Newton per millimetre square (N/mm 2)

3.2 Computer Software

The stack design check is carried out to relevant codes, project specifications as listed
in below sections respectively. Structural analysis are carried out using a “STAAD”
program of Bentley Systems.
4.0 MATERIALS

The following steel properties summarized in Table 4(a) and Table 4(b) are used in the
design.

Table 4a : Steel Material Properties

Material Property Value
Steel Density 7850 kg/m³
Modulus of elasticity 210000 MPa
Shear modulus 80000 MPa
Poisson’s ratio 0.3
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion 12 x 10-6 /oC
Tensile Strength 400-550 MPa
Yield Strength 250 MPa
Elongation >20%
Brinell Hardness 119-162

Table 4b : Steel Properties

Steel Type Description Form Specification &
Grade
I Primary Tubular ASTM A36
II Bolts Anchor Bolts Grade 4.6
III Bolts Connection Bolts Grade 4.6
5.0 DESIGN LOADS
Loads acting on the structure may be classified into the following categories.

5.1 Dead Load

The weight of the structural members is generated directly by software.

5.2 Live Loads

0.1 KN/M2

5.3 Wind Load

The site location has 55 m/s of Basic wind speed which is based on peak gust
velocity averaged over a short time interval of about 3 sec and corresponds to
mean heights above ground level in an open terrain.
Also, as the chimneys are significant in height and having considerable wind
projected area, it is a wind sensitive structure.
The Detailed wind analysis for the chimney is checked with two different
approaches:
1. STATIC WIND RESPONSE
2. DYNAMIC WIND RESPONSE
The governing design pressure is used for load calculation and the chimney is
designed to withstand the forces of wind pressure in different lateral directions.
5.4 Earthquake Loads

The seismic analysis of the structure is done using Response spectral analysis
methodology. A Linear (structural Linearity) Response Spectrum analysis is performed
using the model Superposition method (CQC method) along all the three directions and
results is combined. Sufficiently 100 modes are used for response spectrum analysis.

5.5 Load Combinations

STRENGTH LOAD COMBINATION

LOAD COMB 101 (+1.5DL+1.5LL)

2 1.5 3 1.5
LOAD COMB 102 (+0.6EQ+1.2DL+1.2LL)
1 0.6 2 1.2 3 1.2
LOAD COMB 103 (+1.2DL+1.2LL+0.6WL)
2 1.2 3 1.2 4 0.6
LOAD COMB 104 (+1.2EQ+1.2DL+1.2LL)
1 1.2 2 1.2 3 1.2
LOAD COMB 105 (+1.2DL+1.2LL+1.2WL)
2 1.2 3 1.2 4 1.2
LOAD COMB 106 (+1.5EQ+1.5DL)
1 1.5 2 1.5
LOAD COMB 107 (+1.5DL+1.5WL)
2 1.5 4 1.5
LOAD COMB 108 (+1.5EQ+0.6DL)
1 1.5 2 0.6
LOAD COMB 109 (+0.6DL+1.5WL)
2 0.6 4 1.5

SERVICEABILITY LOAD COMBINATION

LOAD COMB 201 (+DL+LL)

2 1.0 3 1.0
LOAD COMB 202 (+0.8EQ+DL+0.8LL)
1 0.8 2 1.0 3 0.8
LOAD COMB 203 (+DL+0.8LL+0.8WL)
2 1.0 3 0.8 4 0.8
LOAD COMB 204 (+EQ+DL)
1 1.0 2 1.0
LOAD COMB 205 (+DL+WL)
3 1.0 4 1.0
6 DESIGN CHECKS

6.1 Allowable Stresses

Calculated Design Stress is less than 125 N/mm2 (0.5fy).
Hence, safe for operating.
6.2 Displacement Check

Deflections is maintained within acceptable limits consistent with the

required function. Deflections of primary and secondary structure are
limited to 1:200 of the free span where as for cantilever beams limited to
1:120.

Maximum displacement = 26.431 mm

Allowable displacement = 14540/200 = 72.7 mm
Maximum displacement is less than allowable displacement.
Hence, safe in deflection
6.3 Base Plate & Anchor Bolt Check