BHT-412-MM-10

CHAPTER 95 — INSTRUMENT SYSTEM

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Paragraph Chapter/Section Page

Number Title Number Number

INSTRUMENT SYSTEM

95-1 Instrument System ......................................................................... 95-00-00 5

95-2 Panel Mounted Instruments ........................................................... 95-00-00 5
95-3 Removal.................................................................................... 95-00-00 5
95-4 Installation................................................................................. 95-00-00 5
95-5 Inspection ................................................................................. 95-00-00 6
95-6 Cleaning.................................................................................... 95-00-00 6
95-7 Repair or Replacement — Instruments .................................... 95-00-00 6
95-8 Instrument Panel............................................................................ 95-00-00 6
95-9 Removal.................................................................................... 95-00-00 6
95-10 Installation................................................................................. 95-00-00 6
95-11 Adjustment................................................................................ 95-00-00 7
95-12 Non-Panel Mounted Instruments ................................................... 95-00-00 7

FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS

95-13 Flight Instruments .......................................................................... 95-00-00 15

95-14 Attitude Director Indicator (ADI) ..................................................... 95-00-00 15
95-14A Electronic Attitude Director Indicator (EADI).................................. 95-00-00 15
95-15 Standby Attitude Indicator (When Installed)................................... 95-00-00 16C
95-16 Radar Altimeter Indicator ............................................................... 95-00-00 16C
95-17 Pitot-Static System......................................................................... 95-00-00 16C
95-18 Pilot Pitot-Static System ........................................................... 95-00-00 16C
95-19 Copilot Pitot-Static System (When Installed) ............................ 95-00-00 16F
95-20 Leak Check — Pitot-Static System........................................... 95-00-00 16F
95-21 Leak Check — Pitot System ............................................. 95-00-00 16F
95-22 Leak Check — Static System ........................................... 95-00-00 18
95-23 Operational Check — Pitot-Static System ................................ 95-00-00 18
95-24 Pitot-Static System — Inspection ............................................. 95-00-00 23
95-25 Pitot-Static System Hardware — Repair or Replacement ........ 95-00-00 23
95-26 Pitot and Static Lines — Draining Instructions.......................... 95-00-00 23
95-27 Pitot Tube....................................................................................... 95-00-00 23
95-28 Pitot Tube — Removal.............................................................. 95-00-00 23
95-29 Pitot Tube — Installation........................................................... 95-00-00 23
95-30 Cleaning.................................................................................... 95-00-00 24
95-31 Pitot Tube and Static Port Heaters ................................................ 95-00-00 24
95-32 Description................................................................................ 95-00-00 24
95-33 Operational Check .................................................................... 95-00-00 24
95-34 Removal — Static Port Heater Elements.................................. 95-00-00 24
95-35 Installation — Static Port Heater Elements............................... 95-00-00 25
95-36 Inspection — Static Port Heater System .................................. 95-00-00 25
95-37 Cleaning — Static Port Heater System..................................... 95-00-00 26
95-38 Repair or Replacement — Static Port
Heater System .......................................................................... 95-00-00 26

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BHT-412-MM-10

TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONT)

Paragraph Chapter/Section Page

Number Title Number Number

95-39 Pitot-Static Instruments.................................................................. 95-00-00 26

95-40 Airspeed Indicator..................................................................... 95-00-00 26
95-41 Troubleshooting Airspeed Indicator .................................. 95-00-00 26
95-42 Altimeter.................................................................................... 95-00-00 27
95-43 Troubleshooting Altimeter ................................................. 95-00-00 27
95-44 Vertical Speed Indicator............................................................ 95-00-00 27
95-45 Troubleshooting Vertical Speed Indicator ......................... 95-00-00 27

NAVIGATION INSTRUMENTS

95-46 Navigation Instruments .................................................................. 95-00-00 29

95-47 Horizontal Situation Indicator (HSI)................................................ 95-00-00 29
95-47A Electronic Horizontal Situation Indicator (EHSI) ............................ 95-00-00 29
95-48 Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) Indicator........................... 95-00-00 30E
95-49 Course Select Indicator (CSI) (When Installed) ............................. 95-00-00 30E
95-50 Marker Beacon Indicators (When Installed)................................... 95-00-00 30E
95-51 Standby Magnetic Compass .......................................................... 95-00-00 30E
95-52 Inspection ................................................................................. 95-00-00 30E
95-53 Removal.................................................................................... 95-00-00 30E
95-54 Installation................................................................................. 95-00-00 30E
95-55 Calibration................................................................................. 95-00-00 31
95-56 Initial Setup — Compass Swing........................................ 95-00-00 31
95-57 Index Error Check ............................................................. 95-00-00 31
95-58 One-Cycle Error Check..................................................... 95-00-00 31
95-59 Troubleshooting ........................................................................ 95-00-00 31

PROPULSION AND HYDRAULIC INSTRUMENTS

95-60 Propulsion and Hydraulic Instruments ........................................... 95-00-00 33

95-61 Dual Torque Pressure Indicator
(S/N 33001 Through 36019) .......................................................... 95-00-00 33
95-62 Triple Torque Pressure Indicator (S/N 36020 Through 36086,
36087 and Subsequent, and Helicopters Modified by
412-570-001-103 or Post BHT-412-SI-74
(412SP to 412HP Upgrade) ........................................................... 95-00-00 33
95-63 Engine Oil Pressure and Temperature Indicators.......................... 95-00-00 33
95-64 Fuel Pressure Indicators ................................................................ 95-00-00 33
95-65 Fuel Quantity Indicator................................................................... 95-00-00 33
95-66 Gas Producer Tachometer Indicators ............................................ 95-00-00 33
95-67 Gearbox Oil Pressure and Temperature Indicator ......................... 95-00-00 33
95-68 Hydraulic Pressure and Temperature Indicators ........................... 95-00-00 34
95-69 Transmission Oil Pressure and Temperature Indicator ................. 95-00-00 34
95-70 Triple Tachometer Indicator ........................................................... 95-00-00 34
95-71 Interturbine Temperature (ITT) Indicators...................................... 95-00-00 34

MISCELLANEOUS INSTRUMENTS

95-72 Miscellaneous Instruments ............................................................ 95-00-00 35

95-73 Digital Clock (S/N 36087 and Subsequent) ................................... 95-00-00 35

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TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONT)

Paragraph Chapter/Section Page

Number Title Number Number

95-74 Functional Clock ....................................................................... 95-00-00 35

95-75 Operation ....................................................................................... 95-00-00 35
95-76 GMT (Greenwich Mean Time) ....................................................... 95-00-00 35
95-77 LT (Local Time).............................................................................. 95-00-00 35
95-78 ET (Elapsed Time) Count-Up......................................................... 95-00-00 36
95-79 ET (Elapsed Time) Countdown...................................................... 95-00-00 36
95-80 Troubleshooting ............................................................................. 95-00-00 36
95-81 Dual AC and DC Voltmeters .......................................................... 95-00-00 37
95-82 Dual DC Ammeter.......................................................................... 95-00-00 37
95-83 Free Air Temperature Indicator...................................................... 95-00-00 37
95-84 Engine Hourmeter.......................................................................... 95-00-00 37
95-85 Air Data Command Display (DAFCS) ............................................ 95-00-00 37
95-86 Flight Director Mode Selector (P/O DAFCS Flight Director Kit) ..... 95-00-00 38

FIGURES

Figure Page
Number Title Number

95-1 Instrument Panel (S/N 33001 through 33107) .................................................... 8

95-2 Instrument Panel (S/N 33108 through 36086) .................................................... 10
95-3 Instrument Panel (S/N 36087 through 36247 and S/N 36248 and Subsequent) 11
95-3A Instrument Panel (Typical) 4-Axis/EFIS Configuration (36087 and Subsequent) 14
95-3B EADI Displays and Annunciators........................................................................ 16
95-3C EADI Cautions and Failure Annunciations (Amber)............................................ 16B
95-3D EADI Failure Annunciations (Red)...................................................................... 16D
95-3E Internal System Failure (Red)............................................................................. 16E
95-4 Pitot-static System Schematic ............................................................................ 17
95-5 Pitot-static System ............................................................................................. 19
95-5A EHSI Full Compass Displays and Annunciators................................................. 30
95-5B EHSI Full Compass Cautions and Failure Annunciations (Amber)..................... 30C
95-5C EHSI Full Compass Display Annunciations (Red) .............................................. 30D
95-6 Free Air Temperature Indicator .......................................................................... 38

TABLES

Table Page
Number Title Number

95-1 Troubleshooting — Airspeed Indicator .................................................................... 26

95-2 Troubleshooting — Altimeter ................................................................................... 27
95-3 Troubleshooting — Vertical Speed Indicator ........................................................... 28
95-4 Troubleshooting — Standby Magnetic Compass .................................................... 32
95-5 Troubleshooting — Digital Clock ............................................................................. 37

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INSTRUMENT SYSTEM
95-1. INSTRUMENT SYSTEM
Maintenance information for flight, navigation,
propulsion, hydraulic, and miscellaneous instruments
installed in Models 412/412EP helicopter is presented
in following sections. All instruments except standby
magnetic compass, engine hourmeter, and free air
temperature indicator are mounted in instrument
panel.
95-2. PANEL MOUNTED INSTRUMENTS
1. The following maintenance procedures are
applicable to all panel mounted instruments.
2. There are three types of instrument mountings
used in this helicopter:
a. Front-mounted instruments that are secured
by screws to instrument panel face with screws
through front flange of instrument.
b. Front-mounted instruments that are secured
with clamps, with clamp adjusting screws accessible
on instrument panel face.
c. Back-mounted instruments that are secured to
back of instrument panel with screws that mount
through instrument panel face.
95-3. REMOVAL
ENSURE ALL ELECTRICAL POWER IS
OFF.
BHT-412-MM
A GYRO MAY BE DAMAGED BY MOVING
I T A FT E R E L E C T R I C A L P O W E R I S
REMOVED BU T BEFORE THE GYRO
ROTOR STOPS. ALLOW
AP PR O XI MATE LY 1 5 M IN UTE S FO R
I N T E R N A L G Y R O I N S TA N D B Y
ATTITUDE INDICATOR TO WIND DOWN
A FT E R E L E C T R I C A L P O W E R I S
REMOVED. WHEN REMOVING OR
I N S TA L L I N G S TA N D B Y AT T I T U D E
INDICATOR, DO SO GENTLY WITH NO
QUICK MOTION.
1. Disconnect electrical leads and/or instrument
piping, as applicable, from back of instrument.
Necessary access may be gained through nose
access door.
2. Protect ends with electrical tape and cap open
piping, if applicable, and cap opening(s) on instrument.
3. Remove mounting screws or loosen mounting
clamp screw. Carefully remove instrument from panel.
95-4. INSTALLATION
ENSURE ALL ELECTRICAL POWER IS
OFF.
DO NOT TIGHTEN CLAMPS MORE THAN
NECESSARY TO HOLD INSTRUMENT,
AS EXCESSIVE TENSION MAY DEFORM
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BHT-412-MM
INSTRUMENT CASE AND CAUSE
ERRONEOUS READING OR CRACKED
GLASS.
THE STANDBY ATTITUDE INDICATOR
INCLUDES AN INTERNAL GYRO. WHEN
I N S TA L L I N G S TA N D B Y AT T I T U D E
INDICATOR, DO SO GENTLY WITH NO
QUICK MOTION.
1. Carefully position instrument in panel and install
mounting screws or tighten screw of mounting clamp.
2. Remove protective tape, caps and covers from
electrical leads, piping and opening(s) on instruments.
NOTE
Leak check of pitot-static system
(paragraph 95-20) shall be performed, as
applicable, whenever pitot/static piping is
disconnected, then reconnected.
3. Connect electrical leads and/or instrument piping,
as applicable, to back of instrument.
95-5. INSPECTION
1. Inspect for loose, missing, or improperly installed
hardware, loose or cracked cover glasses, and proper
mounting.
2. Inspect instrument for legibility of range markings
and faulty decals.
95-6. CLEANING
Wipe off dust and clean instrument cover glasses with
clean, soft, lint-free cloth.
95-7. REPAIR OR REPLACEMENT
INSTRUMENTS
NOTE
All repairs must be conducted by an
authorized instrument repair station.
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1. Replace any inoperative, defective, or damaged
instrument.
2. Replace instrument range markings as follows:
a. Refer to Flight Manual for range. Index cover
glass to case with stripe of white lacquer.
b. Use prepared decals, suitable lacquer, or tape
for markings and apply accurately to cover glass.
Protect markings with a light coat of clear adhesive
varnish or lacquer.
95-8. INSTRUMENT PANEL
The instrument panel (figure 95-1, 95-2, or 95-3)
contains all flight, propulsion, navigation, and
miscellaneous instruments except magnetic compass,
engine hourmeter, and free air temperature indicator.
For information on various switches, warning lights,
and fire pull handles, refer to Chapter 96.
95-9. REMOVAL
1. Disconnect battery quick-disconnect.
2. Disconnect instrument piping and all electrical
connectors from back of panel and protect ends of
electrical leads with electrical tape; and cap open
piping, if applicable, and cap openings on instrument.
3. Disconnect instrument panel stabilizing braces
from lower right and lower left corners of instrument
panel.
4. Disconnect two adjustment tube assemblies from
behind right side of panel.
5. Remove remaining mounting screws from panel
—
and remove instrument panel.
95-10. INSTALLATION
1. Position instrument panel in place and install
mounting screws.
 BHT-412-MM

2. Connect instrument panel stabilizing braces to of instrument panel may be adjusted to eliminate or
instrument panel. minimize instrument panel vibration.

3. Connect two adjustment tube assemblies to right

95-12. NON-PANEL MOUNTED INSTRU-
side of panel.
MENTS

NOTE
NOTE
Leak check of pitot-static system
(paragraph 95-20) shall be performed, as Maintenance procedures are same as for
applicable, whenever pitot/static piping is panel mounted instruments.
disconnected, then reconnected.
1. The pilot standby magnetic compass is centered
4. Remove protective caps, covers, and tape and
above right windshield.
connect instrument piping and all electrical
connectors, as applicable.
2. The engine hourmeter is mounted on right side of
5. Connect battery quick-disconnect. pedestal near floor.

95-11. ADJUSTMENT
3. The bimetallic probe-type free air temperature
Instrument panel stabilizing braces and two indicator is mounted in the left forward portion of the
adjustment tube assemblies located behind right side upper right cabin roof window assembly.

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Figure 95-1. Instrument Panel (S/N 33001 through 33107) (Sheet 1 of 2)

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Figure 95-1. Instrument Panel (S/N 33001 through 33107) (Sheet 2)

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Figure 95-2. Instrument Panel (S/N 33108 through 36086)

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Figure 95-3. Instrument panel (S/N 36087 through 36247 and S/N 36248 and subsequent) (Sheet 1 of 3)

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(typical)

412_MM_95_0003

Figure 95-3. Instrument Panel (S/N 36087 through 36247 and S/N 36248 and Subsequent) (Sheet 2 of 2)

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Figure 95-3. Instrument Panel (S/N 36087 through 36247 and S/N 36248 and Subsequent) (Sheet 3 of 3)

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412_MM_95_0005

Figure 95-3A. Instrument Panel (Typical) 4-Axis/EFIS Configuration (36087 and Subsequent)

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FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS

95-13. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2. Operational check of ADI is contained in Chapter

96.
Flight instruments include electrically operated attitude
director indicator (ADI) and pilot standby attitude 95-14A.ELECTRONIC ATTITUDE DIRECTOR
indicator. Also included are the pitot-static instruments. INDICATOR (EADI)
When the optional 4-axis AFCS/Flight Director Kit is
installed, the electromechanical ADI is replaced by an Refer to Honeywell, SPZ-7600 Integrated Flight
electronic attitude director indicator (EADI) as part of Control System Bell 412 System Maintenance Manual,
the electronic flight instrument system (EFIS). Publication Number A09-1169-024 for component
description and operation.
95-14. ATTITUDE DIRECTOR INDICATOR
(ADI) The EADI provides the traditional sphere-type attitude
display with lateral and vertical steering signals to
1. The attitude director indicator (ADI) provides assist the pilot in intercepting and maintaining a
overall flight attitude information with the following desired flight path.
displays:
The EADI (Figure 95-3B) displays the following
information:
a. The spheroid, which is gyro stabilized and is
appropriately painted, provides an artificial horizon • Attitude
display. A miniature airplane symbol is provided to
indicate helicopter position. Position of miniature • Pitch and Roll
aircraft with respect to artificial horizon provides an
indication of pitch attitude when read against a dive/
• Command Bars
climb scale in degrees painted on spheroid.
• Collective Command Cues
b. A pitch trim knob provides for manual
adjustment of position of miniature airplane to • Glidescope Deviation
correspond with normal flight attitude of helicopter. A
roll index pointer indicates roll, in degrees, when read • Expanded Localizer Deviation
against a roll scale provided on top part of indicator
display.
• Marker Beacon Annunciator

c. The glide slope pointer displays helicopter • Radio Altitude

deviation from glide slope beam center. Pointer
represents position of beam center in relation to • — Rising Runway
helicopter.
• — Digital Readout
d. The rate-of-turn pointer indicates in which
direction and at what rate helicopter is turning. • Decision Height Setting/Warning

e. The inclinometer indicates when helicopter is • Flight Director and SAR Mode Annunciators
in balance, either in a turn or in straight and level flight.
If helicopter is yawing or slipping, ball will be off center. • Rate-of-Turn

f. The warning flags — attitude (ATT), glide
slope (GS) and rate-of-turn (RT) provide visual
indication of system malfunctions. A warning flag
comes into view when a malfunction occurs in
respective system circuit.
In addition to the familiar ADI information, the EADI
displays the following amber caution and failure
annunciations (Figure 95-3C):
• Attitude Source Annunciator

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BHT-412-MM-10

Figure 95-3B. EADI Displays and Annunciators (Sheet 1 of 2)

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Figure 95-3B. EADI Displays and Annunciators (Sheet 2 of 2)

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Figure 95-3C. EADI Cautions and Failure Annunciations (Amber)

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• Flight Director Failure Annunciator
• Decision Height Warning Annunciator
• Flight Management System Message
Annunciator
• Radio Altitude Failure Annunciator
• Comparison Monitor Annunciator
• Decision Height Failure Annunciator
• Common Symbol Generator Annunciator
The EADI also displays the following red failure
annunciations (Figure 95-3D):
• Attitude Failure
• Glidescope, Glidepath or VNAV, Expanded
Localizer, or Rate-of-Turn
• Internal Failure
1. Failure of the attitude source results in the pitch
scale and roll pointer being removed, the sphere will
be displayed blue, and a red ATT FAIL annunciator
being displayed.
2. Failure of the glidescope, glidepath or VNAV,
expanded localizer or azimuth, or rate-of-turn will
result in the pointer being removed and a red X drawn
through the scale. The letter G or V at the zero
deviation position identifies the invalid information.
3. An extended failure of the symbol generator will
cause the EADI to go blank. A failure of the input/
processor results in a red X centered on the display,
with annunciation SG FAIL.
For additional information on component displays/
annunciation and operation of the EADI, refer to
Honeywell, SPZ-7600 Integrated Flight Control
System Bell 412 System Maintenance Manual,
Publication Number A09-1169-024.
95-15. STANDBY ATTITUDE INDICATOR
(WHEN INSTALLED)
The standby attitude indicator is a self-contained
instrument which comprises a vertical gyro and motor,
a spheroid to indicate pitch and roll, a bank scale and
BHT-412-MM-10
index pointer to indicate roll, a miniature airplane
symbol, a PULL TO CAGE (quick erect) knob and a
striped power off flag. It serves as a backup for the
attitude director indicator (ADI) and is required for IFR
flight.
The standby attitude indicator provides backup pitch
and roll information in the event of a multiple power
failure which disables emergency bus 2. In normal
inflight and ground operating conditions the standby
attitude indicator is powered by input from emergency
bus 2. Under emergency conditions (no generator and
battery output), the standby battery can be selected to
power the standby attitude indicator by positioning
STBY ATTD switch on overhead console to ON. A fully
charged standby battery will operate the standby
attitude indicator for approximately 90 minutes. Refer
to DC Indicator Systems, Chapter 96 for standby
attitude indicator system operational check and
maintenance.
95-16. RADAR ALTIMETER INDICATOR
The radar altimeter indicator provides altitude display
of 0 to 1500 feet. The indicator has, in addition to the
altitude display, a red power OFF warning flag, a TEST
switch (button) for confidence testing, a decision
height (DH) knob for setting a DH index, and a DH
warning annunciator. Operational check and
troubleshooting functions are performed in Radar
Altimeter System (Chapter 97).
95-17. PITOT-STATIC SYSTEM
95-18. PILOT PITOT-STATIC SYSTEM
1. The pilot pitot-static system (Figure 95-4) consists
of right pitot tube, right and left static ports, roof
mounted static port, alternate static air source, pilot
airspeed indicator, barometric altimeter, vertical speed
indicator, and appropriate tubing and hardware for
interconnection of system components.
2. The right pitot tube supplies pitot pressure
(impact air) directly to pilot airspeed indicator and air
data sensor (P/O Flight Director kit). Right and left
static ports are connected together and supply
equalized static pressure to pilot airspeed indicator,
altimeter, vertical speed indicator and air data sensor
(P/O Flight Director kit). Right pitot tube and both static
ports are equipped with electric heaters (optional for
static ports) to provide all-weather capability.
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BHT-412-MM-10

Figure 95-3D. EADI Failure Annunciations (Red)

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 BHT-412-MM-10

Figure 95-3E. Internal System Failure (Red)

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3. An alternate static air source is provided by a 95-20. LEAK CHECK — PITOT-STATIC SYSTEM
pneumatic valve installed below the pilot instrument
panel. Tubing and fittings are included to connect
pneumatic valve to pilot static ports and instruments. SPECIAL TEST EQUIPMENT
With the toggle of the pneumatic valve set to PRI,
static air is supplied to instruments from outside pilot TYPE OR MODEL NOMENCLATURE
static air ports. With the toggle set to ALTN, an
alternate static air source (inside cabin air) is selected Tactair Type MB-1 Static Field Tester
and outside static ports are shut off. or Equivalent

Alternate:
95-19. COPILOT PITOT-STATIC SYSTEM (WHEN
INSTALLED) Barfield Model Pitot-Static Tester
1811F-D
1. The copilot pitot-static system (Figure 95-4) or Equivalent
consists of left pitot tube, left and right static ports, left
roof-mounted static port, airspeed indicator,
95-21. Leak Check — Pitot System
barometric altimeter, vertical airspeed indicator, and
appropriate tubing and hardware for interconnection of
1. Connect appropriate hose of Static Field Tester to
system components.
pitot tube of system being checked, using appropriate
adapter. Seal drain line(s) of system being checked
2. The left pitot tube supplies pitot pressure (impact and check all connections for tightness.
air) directly to copilot airspeed indicator, air data
sensor (P/O Flight Director kit), and air data computer
2. Open both vent valves to allow pressure in lines
(P/O Flight Data Recorder kit). Upper left, lower right,
to equalize. Close all five valves securely on test set.
and left roof-mounted static ports are connected
together and supply equalized static pressure to
copilot airspeed indicator, barometric altimeter, vertical 3. Pump pressure into pressure tank on test set until
speed indicator, air data sensor (P/O Flight Director sufficient pressure for test is indicated on pressure dial
kit) and air data computer (P/O Flight Data Recorder (approximately 50 inches Hg or 170 kPa).
kit). Pitot tube and static ports are equipped with
electric heaters (optional for static ports) to provide
all-weather capability. CAUTION

VALVES ON TEST SET ARE SENSITIVE

AND SHOULD BE OPERATED SLOWLY
AND WITH CARE TO AVOID POSSIBLE
DAMAGE TO INSTRUMENTS.THESE
INSTRUMENTS ARE EASILY "PEGGED"

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 BHT-412-MM-10

NOTES
1 Applicable to helicopters with flight director kit installed.

2 Applicable to helicopters with flight data recorder installed.

412_MM_95_0004

Figure 95-4. Pitot-static System Schematic

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BHT-412-MM
AND DAMAGED BY IMPR OPER
MANIPULATION OF THE VALVES O N
TEST SET.
4. Open pressure vent valve approximately 1/4 turn.
Slowly open pressure source valve. Close pressure
vent valve.
5. Close pressure source valve with helicopter
airspeed indicator(s) reading 130 ±4 knots. After 1
minute, check airspeed indication has not dropped
more than 10 knots. Refer to troubleshooting
paragraph 95-41 if limits are exceeded.
6. Slowly open pressure vent valve. Check airspeed
indication returns to minimum limit of indicator.
7. Remove test set from helicopter. Remove seal
from drain line(s).
95-22. Leak Check — Static System
NOTE
Ensure pilot STATIC SOURCE valve toggle
is set to PRI when checking static system.
1. Connect appropriate hose of Pitot-Static Tester to
one static port of system being checked, using
appropriate adapter. Seal all drain lines and remaining
static ports of system being checked and check all
connections for tightness.
2. Open both vent valves to allow pressure in lines
to equalize. Close all five valves securely on test set.
3. Pump vacuum side until sufficient vacuum for test
is indicated on vacuum dial (approximately 20 inches
Hg or 68 kPa).
CLOSELY MONITOR BOTH HELICOPTER
A N D T E S T S E T I N S T R U M E N T S TO
EN SU R E N O I ND IC ATOR S BE C O ME
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"PEGGED OUT". VALVES OF TEST SET
MUST BE MANIPULATED SLOWLY AND
C A R E F U L LY T O AV O I D P O S S I B L E
INSTRUMENT DAMAGE.
4. Gradually open vacuum source valve. Check
altimeter indicator reading increases.
5. When helicopter altimeter reads 1000 ft. above
helicopter elevation, close vacuum source valve. Tap
gently on altitude indicator and check that, after 1
minute, loss in indicated altitude does not exceed 100
ft. Refer to troubleshooting paragraph 95-43 if limit is
exceeded.
6. Open vacuum vent valve and observe the
helicopter and test set altitude indicators return to
approximate ground level readings.
7. Remove test set from helicopter. Remove seals
from all drain lines and static ports.
95-23. OPERATIONAL CHECK — PITOT-STATIC
SYSTEM
SPECIAL TEST EQUIPMENT
TYPE OR MODEL NOMENCLATURE
Tactair Type MB-1 Static Field Tester
or Equivalent
Alternate:
Barfield Model Pitot-Static Tester
1811F-D
or Equivalent
NOTE
Perform following procedure for pilot pitot-
static system. Repeat procedure for copilot
pitot-static system, when installed.
1. Connect appropriate hoses of Static Field Tester
to pitot tube and one static port (figure 95-5), using
appropriate adapters. Seal all drain lines and
remaining static ports and check all connections for
tightness.
 BHT-412-MM

Figure 95-5. Pitot-Static System (Sheet 1 of 3)

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Page 19
BHT-412-MM

Figure 95-5. Pitot-Static System (Sheet 2)

95-00-00
Page 20
 BHT-412-MM

Figure 95-1. Pitot-Static System (Sheet 3)

95-00-00
Page 21
BHT-412-MM-10
2. Open both vent valves to allow pressure in lines
to equalize. Close all five valves securely on test set.
3. Set barometric pressure dials on helicopter and
test set altitude indicators to 29.92 inches HG. Gently
tap on altimeters and check barometric altimeter
installed in helicopter indicates within parameters of
FAR 43, Appendix E of test set altitude indicator. If
readings do not agree within this tolerance, replace
barometric altimeter.
NOTE
Pressure in tank may be replenished as
required for test.
4. Pump pressure into pressure tank on test set until
sufficient pressure for test is indicated on pressure dial
(approximately 50 inches HG or 170 kPa).
CAUTION
VALVES ON TEST SET ARE SENSITIVE
AND SHOULD BE OPERATED SLOWLY
AND WITH CARE TO AVOID POSSIBLE
DAMAGE TO INSTRUMENTS. THESE
INSTRUMENTS ARE EASILY PEGGED
AND DAMAGED BY IMPROPER
MANIPULATION OF THE VALVES ON
TEST SET.
5. Open pressure vent valve approximately 1/4 turn.
Slowly open pressure source valve. Close pressure
vent valve. Leave pressure source valve open until
airspeed indicator on test set reads 130 knots, then
close pressure source valve. Maintain this pressure by
manipulation of pressure source valve as required.
Gently tap on test set airspeed indicators and check
that airspeed indicator reads 130 ±4 knots.
6. Close pressure source valve with helicopter
airspeed indicator(s) reading 130 ±4 knots. After
1 minute, check airspeed indication has not dropped
more than 10 knots. Refer to troubleshooting
paragraph 95-35 if limit is exceeded.
95-00-00
Page 22 Rev. 15 1 MAY 2012
7. Slowly open pressure vent valve. Check airspeed
indication returns to minimum limit of indicator.
NOTE
Tank vacuum may be replenished as
required for test.
8. Pump vacuum side until sufficient vacuum for test
is indicated on vacuum dial (approximately 20 inches
HG or 68 kPa).
CAUTION
CLOSELY MONITOR BOTH HELICOPTER
A N D T E S T S E T I N S T R U M E N T S TO
ENSURE NO INDICATORS BECOME
"PEGGED" OUT. VALVES OF TEST SET
MUST BE MANIPULATED SLOWLY AND
C A R E F U L LY T O AV O I D P O S S I B L E
INSTRUMENT DAMAGE.
9. Gradually open vacuum source valve. Check
altimeter and airspeed indicator readings increase and
Vertical Speed Indicator (VSI) shows a positive rate of
climb.
10. Bring airspeed to approximately 130 knots and
close vacuum source valve and pressure vent valve.
Hold airspeed at 130 knots and increase altitude
indications by manipulation of cross bleed and vacuum
source valves. When helicopter altimeter reads
1000 feet above helicopter elevation, close cross
bleed and vacuum source valves. Tap gently on test
set altitude indicators and check that, after 1 minute,
loss in indicated altitude does not exceed 100 feet.
Check VSI indication, if not zero, is negative and does
not exceed 100 FPM.
11. Open vacuum vent valve momentarily to
gradually decrease vacuum. Check VSI indicates a
negative rate of climb.
12. Continue to decrease vacuum until test set
altitude indicator reads 1000 feet. Maintain this
reading by manipulation of vacuum source valve as
required. Gently tap on altimeters and check
barometric altimeter installed in helicopter indicates
within 40 feet of test set indicator. If readings do not
ECCN EAR99
 BHT-412-MM-10

agree within this tolerance, replace barometric 95-27. PITOT TUBE

altimeter.
95-28. PITOT TUBE — REMOVAL
13. Open vacuum vent valve and observe helicopter
and test set altitude indicators return to approximate
ground level readings. CAUTION

14. Open both pressure and vacuum vent valves.

After system pressures are equalized, remove test set MAKE SURE ALL ELECTRICAL POWER
from helicopter. Remove seal placed on static port. IS OFF.

1. Disconnect pitot line from airspeed indicator

95-24. PITOT-STATIC SYSTEM — INSPECTION
1. Inspect pitot tube for clogged or obstructed inlet
opening.
2. Inspect pitot tube for clogged drain hole on
bottom of tube.
(Figure 95-1). Cap opening on indicator and cap open
piping.
2. Open clamps securing pitot line and create slack
at base of pitot support by pulling line through
grommet and clamps until connector is within 1 or
2 inches from grommet.

3. Inspect pitot and static lines for leaks and chafing.
4. Visually inspect parts, pitot and static lines,
accessories and instruments of pitot static system and
replace defective components.
3. Remove screws and lockwashers attaching pitot
tube (Detail A) to support and carefully pull tube from
support until electrical connector is exposed.
Disconnect and tape ends of connector to prevent
entrance of foreign material.

NOTE
95-25. PITOT-STATIC SYSTEM HARDWARE —
REPAIR OR REPLACEMENT Make sure there is adequate slack in
electrical wire before pulling pitot tube.
Tighten, install, or correct any loose, missing, or
improperly installed hardware. 4. Continue pulling pitot tube until pitot line coupling
is exposed. Disconnect and cap or cover openings in
line.
95-26. PITOT AND STATIC LINES — DRAINING
INSTRUCTIONS
95-29. PITOT TUBE — INSTALLATION
1. Disconnect pitot and static lines from airspeed,
altimeter, and vertical speed indicators and from air
data sensors and computer, if installed. Cap openings CAUTION
in indicators, sensors, and computer.

2. Blow static lines clean with filtered, compressed MAKE SURE ALL ELECTRICAL POWER
air. IS OFF.

1. Remove caps or covers from pitot lines and

3. Uncap openings and reconnect lines. connect coupling.

4. Perform leak check of pitot-static system, as 2. Remove tape and connect electrical connector.
applicable (paragraph 95-21 and/or paragraph 95-22). While guiding pitot line and electrical wire through pitot

95-00-00
ECCN EAR99 1 MAY 2012 Rev. 15 Page 23
BHT-412-MM

base from inside of nose compartment, place pitot 95-33. OPERATIONAL CHECK
tube in pitot support.

3. Install screws and lockwashers that attach pitot WARNING

tube to pitot support.

4. Pull pitot line through grommet and open clamps CHECKING PITOT TUBE FO R HEAT
to connect line to airspeed indicator. WITH BARE HANDS CAN CAUSE
SERIOUS BURNS.

5. Remove caps on airspeed indicator and connect

pitot line to indicator.
6. Adjust pitot line through grommet and open
clamps to ensure adequate slack with no binding.
Close and secure clamps to pitot line.
7. Perform leak check of pitot system (paragraph
95-21).
1. Close PITOT HTR PILOT circuit breaker. Place
PITOT HEATERS switch on overhead console to ON.
Check pilot pitot tube heater and static port heaters
are energized and beginning to heat.
2. Set PITOT HEATERS switch to OFF. Check pilot
pitot tube heater and static port heaters are
deenergized and cooling. Open PITOT HTR PILOT
circuit breaker.

95-30. CLEANING 3. Close PITOT HTR CPLT circuit breaker. Place

PITOT HEATERS switch on overhead console to ON.
MATERIALS REQUIRED Check copilot pitot tube heater and static port heaters
are energized and beginning to heat.
NUMBER NOMENCLATURE
4. Set PITOT HEATERS switch to OFF. Check
C-304 Solvent
copilot pitot tube heater and static port heaters are
deenergized and cooling. Open PITOT HTR CPLT
Clean pitot tube head and pitot support with a clean, circuit breaker.
lint-free cloth dampened with solvent (C-304).

95-31. PITOT TUBE AND STATIC PORT NOTE

HEATERS Keep pitot tube heaters and static port
heaters deenergized except for tests or
95-32. DESCRIPTION when usage is necessary.

Pitot tube heaters prevent pitot tube from icing over. 95-34. REMOVAL — STATIC PORT HEATER
Heating elements utilize 28 Vdc and are energized ELEMENTS
manually with PITOT HEATERS switch on overhead
console. Static port heater elements are wired in MATERIALS REQUIRED
parallel with respective pilot and copilot pitot heater
system at PITOT HEATERS switch. Static port heater
elements, designed to prevent static ports from icing NUMBER NOMENCLATURE
over, utilize 28 Vdc power and are also energized by
PITOT HEATERS switch. C-308 Adhesive

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Page 24
 BHT-412-MM

1. Align and position heat shield and static port

NOTE heater element on mounting surface of inside cabin
The following removal procedures are skin.
applicable to all four static port heater
elements. 2. Install with six rivets, MS20426AD3-6, with heads
flush outboard.
1. Disconnect ground wire terminal, adjacent to
static port.
NOTE
2. Disconnect positive lead at splice. Do not allow sealant to enter vent holes.

3. Disconnect static tube from static port union. 3. Seal around static port heater element and heat
shield with adhesive (C-308).

4. Protect open end of static tube fitting with

4. Remove protective tape from static port tube
electrical tape.
fitting.

5. Drill out two static port baffle rivets and remove 5. Connect to static port.
baffle.
6. Connect ground wire terminal, adjacent to static
6. Remove burrs and metal particles around holes. port.

7. Apply a thin coat of adhesive (C-308) to any bare 7. Connect positive lead at splice.
metal.
8. Align and position static port baffle on mounting
8. Drill out six attaching rivets. surface.

9. Remove static port heater element and heat 9. Install baffle with two rivets, MS20470AD3-6.
shield.
10. Perform leak check of static system (paragraph
10. Remove burrs and metal particles around holes. 95-22).

95-36. INSPECTION — STATIC PORT HEATER

11. Apply a thin coat of adhesive (C-308) to any bare
SYSTEM
metal.

95-35. INSTALLATION — STATIC PORT HEATER

ELEMENTS

MATERIALS REQUIRED
USE EXTREME CARE WHEN CHECKING
STATIC PORT HEATER ELEMENT WHILE
NUMBER NOMENCLATURE IN OPERATION.

C-308 Adhesive 1. Inspect static tubing for leaks and chafing.

2. Inspect static tubing fittings, connectors, and

NOTE hardware for proper installation.
The following installation procedures are
applicable to all four static port heater 3. Inspect wiring and leads for loose terminals,
elements. chafing, and damage.

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Page 25
BHT-412-MM

4. Inspect static port heater element to ensure 95-39. PITOT-STATIC INSTRUMENTS

proper heating.
Pilot pitot-static instruments are located on right side
of instrument panel. If copilot instrument kit is installed,
95-37. CLEANING — STATIC PORT HEATER
a duplicate set of instruments will be located on left
SYSTEM
side of instrument panel.

Clean static port heater elements with a clean, lint-free 95-40. AIRSPEED INDICATOR
cloth dampened with approved solvent.
The airspeed indicator is a standard pitot-static
instrument, single scaled and calibrated in knots. The
95-38. REPAIR OR REPLACEMENT — STATIC
indicator provides an indicated airspeed of helicopter
PORT HEATER SYSTEM
at any time during forward flight by measuring
difference between impact air pressure from pitot tube
1. Tighten or replace loose or defective tubing, and static air pressure from static ports.
fittings, connectors, or hardware.
95-41. Troubleshooting Airspeed Indicator
2. Repair or replace defective wiring.
Refer to Table 95-1 and perform checks as necessary
to isolate trouble.
3. Remove and replace defective static port heater
element (paragraphs 95-34 and 95-35).

Table 95-1. Troubleshooting — Airspeed Indicator

INDICATION OF TROUBLE PROBABLE CAUSE CORRECTIVE ACTION

Pointer fails to respond. Pitot line not connected. Connect line.

Pitot lines clogged. Disconnect pitot line(s) from air-

speed indicator, air data sensors
and/or air data computer, as
required, and blow line(s) clear
with clean, dry air.

Pointer indicates incorrectly. Leak in pitot or static line. Repair or replace line.

Defective or leaking indicator. Replace indicator.

Pointer vibrates. Instrument loose in panel. Tighten instrument mounting

screws.

Pointer oscillates. Leak in line. Repair or replace line.

Defective indicator. Replace indicator.

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Page 26
 BHT-412-MM

95-42. ALTIMETER the traffic control facilities. The encoding function of

pilot altimeter is checked in IFF Transponder System
The barometric altimeter furnishes direct reading of (Chapter 97).
helicopter height in feet above sea level. Altimeter is
connected by static lines to static pressure ports to 95-43. Troubleshooting Altimeter
sense atmospheric pressure. An external adjustment
knob is provided to make compensation for variations Refer to Table 95-2 and perform checks as necessary
of prevailing barometric pressure. Pilot altimeter to isolate trouble.
contains an altitude encoder that provides digitized
altitude signals to the transponder for transmission to

Table 95-2. Troubleshooting — Altimeter

INDICATION OF TROUBLE PROBABLE CAUSE CORRECTIVE ACTION

Incorrect reading. Leak in static pressure line. Correct leak.

Clogged static port or line. Clean port or line.

Defective indicator. Replace indicator.

95-44. VERTICAL SPEED INDICATOR 95-45. Troubleshooting Vertical Speed Indicator

The vertical speed indicator registers ascent and Refer to Table 95-3 and perform checks as necessary
descent speed of helicopter in feet per minute. Vertical to isolate trouble.
speed indicator is connected to static air system to
sense rate of atmospheric pressure change.

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Page 27
BHT-412-MM

Table 95-3. Troubleshooting — Vertical Speed Indicator

INDICATION OF TROUBLE PROBABLE CAUSE CORRECTIVE ACTION

Pointer off zero. Mechanism shifted. Return pointer to zero by turning

adjustment screw on face of
instrument; tap bezel of indicator
lightly while adjusting.

Inaccurate readings. Loose connections in static line. Tighten connections.

Indicator case leaks. Replace indicator.

Defective indicator. Replace indicator.

Excessive pointer oscillation. Leak in static line. Tighten connections; replace

leaky lines.

Defective indicator. Replace indicator.

95-00-00
Page 28

NAVIGATION INSTRUMENTS
95-46. NAVIGATION INSTRUMENTS
Navigation instruments are electrically powered,
except for the standby magnetic compass. Navigation
instruments include electromechanical horizontal
situation indicator (HSI). When the optional 4-axis
AFCS/Flight Director Kit is installed, the
electromechanical HSI is replaced by an electronic
horizontal situation indicator (EHSI) as part of the
electronic flight instrument system (EFIS).
95-47. HORIZONTAL SITUATION INDICATOR
(HSI)
The horizontal situation indicator provides overall
navigational information by means of the following
individual displays:
The rotating azimuth dial (compass card) presents
heading data received from either the Tarsyn
Three-Axis Reference Sensor (S/N 33001 36247) or
the Attitude Heading Reference System (AHRS) (S/N
36248 and subsequent). Helicopter heading is read
under upper lubber line.
The command heading marker is a movable reference
point which indicates selected command heading. It is
set to a selected heading by heading set knob. When
the helicopter is flying selected heading, command
heading marker will be aligned on lubber line. The
marker moves with azimuth dial except when being
mechanically positioned by heading set knob.
The command course pointer is a movable reference
point indicating selected command radio course. It is
set to a selected course with course set knob. When
the helicopter is flying selected course, course pointer
will be aligned on lubber line.
The digital course readout presented in course
window is set by course set knob and corresponds to
setting of command course pointer.
The deviation bar depicts relationship of selected radio
beam centerline with respect to present navigation
situation. Fixed aircraft symbol represents helicopter,
and deviation bar depicts radio beam position with
respect to helicopter. When helicopter is on selected
radio course, deviation bar will be aligned with course
pointer and fixed aircraft symbol.
BHT-412-MM-10
The TO-FROM pointer depicts location of selected
VOR station with respect to helicopter position. TO
pointer is displayed at the nose of fixed aircraft
symbol, and FROM pointer is displayed at tail of fixed
aircraft symbol.
The glide slope pointer displays helicopter deviation
from glide slope beam center. Pointer represents
position of beam center in relation to helicopter.
Bearing pointer No. 1 indicates relative bearing of
selected VOR radio station as determined by either
VOR/LOC No. 1 receiver or VOR/LOC No. 2 receiver,
depending upon selection of AFCS/HSI COMD and
BRG PTR NO. 1 switches. The pointer is read against
azimuth dial.
Bearing pointer No. 2 indicates relative bearing of
received VOR radio station. Pointer is read/displays
ADF information against azimuth dial.
Two warning flags — VOR/LOC warning flag and
glideslope warning flag — provide a visual indication
when the received signal is unreliably weak or the
system is malfunctioning. Warning flag comes into
view whenever the received signal is weak or a
system malfunction occurs.
The OFF flag comes into view to provide a visual
indication that the HSI or applicable compass system
is not supplied with input power from respective buses.
95-47A.ELECTRONIC HORIZONTAL
SITUATION INDICATOR (EHSI)
Refer to Honeywell, SPZ-7600 Integrated Flight
Control System Bell 412 System Maintenance Manual,
Publication Number A09-1169-024 for component
description and operation.
The EHSI provides compass displays and a map-like
display of the helicopter position relative to VOR
radials, localizer, glidescope beam, or FMS waypoints.
The EHSI (Figure 95-5A) provides the following
displays and annunciators:
• Course select/desired
• Drift angle bug
95-00-00
27 FEB 2009 Rev. 12 Page 29
BHT-412-MM-10

Figure 95-5A. EHSI Full Compass Displays and Annunciators (Sheet 1 of 2)

95-00-00
Page 30 Rev. 12 27 FEB 2009
 BHT-412-MM-10

Figure 95-5A. EHSI Full Compass Displays and Annunciators (Sheet 2 of 2)

95-00-00
27 FEB 2009 Rev. 12 Page 30A
BHT-412-MM-10
• FMS approach message
• Heading source annunciator
• Heading select bug and heading select
display
• Navigation source annunciators
• Distance display
• Preselected Nav source annunciator
• Course preselect pointer
• Compass card and fore and aft lubber lines
• Glideslope deviation pointer
• Groundspeed, time-to-go, or elapsed time
display
• Bearing pointers and source annunciators
• Reciprocal course pointer
• Aircraft symbol
• Course deviation bar
• Weather radar mode and tilt annunciator
• To-From arrow
• Course select pointer
• Compass sync annunciator
In addition to the standard displays and annunciators,
the EHSI also displays the following amber caution
and failure annunciations (Figure 95-5B):
• Waypoint alert annunciator
• Same heading or navigation source
• DME hold annunciator
• Weather radar (WX) failure
95-00-00
Page 30B Rev. 12 27 FEB 2009
• Displays failures
— amber dashes replace the digital display for
the following systems when they fail:
• — Groundspeed (GSPD)
• — Time-to-Go (TTG)
• — Elapsed Time (ET)
• — Distance Measuring Equipment (DME)
• — Heading Select (HDG)
• — Course Select (CRS)
• — Desired Track (DTRK)
The EHSI also displays the following red failure
annunciations (Figure 95-5C):
• Heading failure
• Course deviation
• Glidescope deviation
1. Failure of the heading system is indicated by the
removal of the bearing pointers, TO/FROM arrow,
select course pointer, course deviation bar, and course
scale. The digital select course and digital heading
select readouts are dashed and a red HDG FAIL is
displayed. The heading source annunciator changes
to a white HDG 1 through HDG 4 to include which
heading source has failed.
2. A failure of the course deviation, or glidescope
deviation results in the removal of the deviation
pointer, and red X drawn through the scale.
3. An internal failure of the symbol generator will
cause the EHSI to go blank. A failure of the input/
processor results in a red X centered on the display,
with annunciation SG FAIL.
For additional information on EHSI displays/
annunciations and operation, refer to Honeywell,
SPZ-7600 Integrated Flight Control System Bell 412
System Maintenance Manual, Publication Number
A09-1169-024.
 BHT-412-MM-10

Figure 95-5B. EHSI Full Compass Cautions and Failure Annunciations (Amber)

95-00-00
27 FEB 2009 Rev. 12 Page 30C
BHT-412-MM-10

Figure 95-5C. EHSI Full Compass Display Annunciations (Red)

95-00-00
Page 30D Rev. 12 27 FEB 2009
 BHT-412-MM-10

95-48. DISTANCE MEASURING EQUIPMENT the helicopter passes over middle marker beacon
(DME) INDICATOR during ILS approach.

The distance measuring equipment (DME) indicator,
used with DME navigation set, presents slant distance
digital readout of helicopter to selected VOR station in
nautical miles, groundspeed in knots, and
time-to-station in minutes.
95-49. COURSE SELECT INDICATOR (CSI)
(WHEN INSTALLED)
95-51. STANDBY MAGNETIC COMPASS
The pilot standby magnetic compass is mounted
above windshield on center of panel. A second
magnetic compass may be provided for copilot.
Magnetic compass is used in conjunction with a
magnetic compass correction card located on
windshield center post.

The indicator provides navigation information by NOTE

means of the following displays:
Standby magnetic compass (or compasses)
can be aligned simultaneously with
The course card with the use of the OBS knob selects compass system/compensation swing
the desired course beneath the course index. (Chapter 97).

The TO-FR indicator depicts location of VOR station 95-52. INSPECTION

with respect to the helicopters position.
1. Inspect for loose, missing, or improperly installed
The vertical pointer indicates deviation from the hardware.
selected VOR radial. When the helicopter is on the
selected VOR course, the pointer will be aligned with 2. Inspect for loose, scratched, or cracked glass.
the course index.

3. Inspect for legibility of markings.

The horizontal pointer indicates deviation above or
below the glidepath. The pointer represents the
position of the beam center in relation to the helicopter. 4. Inspect compass card for excessive oscillation,
sluggishness, or out-of-level condition.
Two warning flags — NAV warning flag and GS flag —
provide a visual indication of an unreliably weak VOR/ 95-53. REMOVAL
localizer or glideslope signal, or a system malfunction.
1. Remove the four screws that attach compass to
95-50. MARKER BEACON INDICATORS hinged bracket.
(WHEN INSTALLED)
2. Carefully pull compass from hinged bracket far
The pilot and copilot marker beacon indicators (when enough to disconnect light wire connector from
installed), used with glide slope-marker beacon set, compass.
provide visual indication, in addition to audio tones, of
passage over beacon stations located on airways and 3. Carefully remove compass from hinged bracket.
ILS approach courses.
95-54. INSTALLATION
Each indicator consists of three indicator lights (white,
blue and amber). White indicator light (airways
1. Position compass in hinged bracket and connect
indicator) illuminates steady while helicopter is over
light wire connector.
fan marker beacon station. During ILS operation, blue
indicator light will flash "on/off" at rate of two flashes
per second when helicopter passes over outer marker 2. Install the four screws that attach compass to
beacon station. Amber light flashes "dot/dash" when hinged bracket.

95-00-00
27 FEB 2009 Rev. 12 Page 30E/30F

95-55. CALIBRATION
95-56. Initial Setup — Compass Swing
1. Before taking helicopter to compass rose, inspect
compass in accordance with paragraph 95-52.
2. Secure any loose helicopter equipment
constructed of magnetic material in the position it
occupies in normal flight.
3. Position helicopter on compass rose.
95-57. Index Error Check
NOTE
Any magnetic objects such as trucks, power
carts, or other aircraft shall be removed
from the compass rose swinging area to a
point at which they will have no magnetic
effect on the compass system.
1. Start the helicopter engines and operate at flight
rpm. Turn on all electrical/avionics equipment normally
used during flight, except landing lights and pitot-static
heaters. Simulate actual flight conditions to the extent
practical during compass calibration.
2. Rotate helicopter to the four cardinal headings:
North, East, South, and West. At each heading record
the difference in reading between standby compass
card and compass rose. The difference will be plus if
compass card reading is greater than that of compass
rose, and minus if compass card reading is less than
that of compass rose. Add the errors algebraically and
divide by four. Using a nonmetallic screwdriver, align
standby compass by adjusting position of the hinged
bracket of compass mounting to satisfy resultant error.
BHT-412-MM
95-58. One-Cycle Error Check
NOTE
All corrections shall be made using a
nonmetallic screwdriver. The compass
should be lightly tapped after each
adjustment and allowed to settle before
taking readings.
1. With helicopter positioned to magnetic North
heading on compass rose, compensate for all
compass error by turning appropriate N-S screw.
2. With helicopter positioned to magnetic East
heading on compass rose, compensate for all
compass error by turning appropriate E-W screw.
3. With helicopter positioned to magnetic South
heading on compass rose, take out one-half of the
compass error by turning appropriate N-S screw.
4. With helicopter positioned to magnetic West
heading on compass rose, take out one-half of the
compass error by turning appropriate E-W screw.
5. Swing helicopter on 30 degree increments and
note each indication. Correct errors on standby
magnetic compass until error is 2 degrees or less at
cardinal headings (0°, 90°, 180°, 270°) and 5 degrees
or less at all other 30 degree points.
6. Record deviation errors on compass correction
card.
95-59. TROUBLESHOOTING
Refer to Table 95-4 and perform checks as necessary
to isolate trouble.
95-00-00
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BHT-412-MM

Table 95-4. Troubleshooting — Standby Magnetic Compass

INDICATION OF TROUBLE PROBABLE CAUSE CORRECTIVE ACTION

Excessive card error. Improper compensation. Compensate compass.

External magnetic interference. Locate magnetic influence and

eliminate if possible.

Air in bowl. Replace compass.

Insufficient liquid in bowl. Replace compass.

Card element not level. Leaking float chamber. Replace compass.

Card magnet is detached. Replace compass.

Card sluggish. Dirty pivots or jewels restricting Replace compass.

rotation.

Weak magnetic card. Replace compass.

95-00-00
Page 32
 BHT-412-MM

PROPULSION AND HYDRAULIC INSTRUMENTS

95-60. PROPULSION AND HYDRAULIC resistance-type bulb, and pressure portion receives
INSTRUMENTS pressure indications from engine oil pressure
transmitter. Temperature portion is powered from 28
VDC emergency buses 1 and 2. Pressure portion is
The propulsion and hydraulic instruments are
powered from 26 VAC buses 1 and 2.
electrically powered by AC or DC current. Operational
checks for these instruments are provided in
Chapter 96. 95-64. FUEL PRESSURE INDICATORS

95-61. DUAL TORQUE PRESSURE Engine No. 1 and No. 2 fuel pressure indicators
INDICATOR (S/N 33001 THROUGH register fuel pressure from indications received from
36019) fuel pressure transmitters. System is powered from
26 VAC buses 1 and 2.

The dual torque pressure indicator simultaneously

displays torque output of each engine on inner dial and 95-65. FUEL QUANTITY INDICATOR
torque to transmission (combined torque of both
engines) on outer dial. Indicator receives torque The fuel quantity indicator provides readings of fuel
indications from engine No. 1 and engine No. 2 torque supply quantity in pounds as determined by position of
pressure transmitters. All indications are in percent of fuel quantity selector switch (FWD TANK, TOTAL, or
allowable torque. MID TANK). System is powered from 28 VDC
emergency buses 1 and 2.
95-62. TRIPLE TORQUE PRESSURE
INDICATOR (S/N 36020 THROUGH 95-66. GAS PRODUCER TACHOMETER
36086, 36087 AND SUBSEQUENT, AND INDICATORS
HELICOPTERS MODIFIED BY
412-570-001-103 OR POST The engine No. 1 and No. 2 gas producer tachometer
BHT-412-SI-74 (412SP TO 412HP indicators register percent of RPM of engine No. 1 and
UPGRADE) No. 2 gas producer speeds. Gas producer tachometer
generators, one on each engine, send voltage signals
The triple torque pressure indicator simultaneously to respective indicator proportional to engine No. 1
displays torque output of each engine on right side of and No. 2 gas producer speed. Gas producer
indicator dial and mast torque on left side of indicator. tachometer indicator system is self-generating.
The indicator receives signals from engine No. 1 and
engine No. 2 torque sensors and a mast torque signal 95-67. GEARBOX OIL PRESSURE AND
is generated by mast torque monopole sensor, located
TEMPERATURE INDICATOR
inside transmission. Indications are in percent of
allowable torque.
The gearbox oil pressure and temperature indicator is
a dual-type indicator registering temperature in
95-63. ENGINE OIL PRESSURE AND degrees Celsius and pressure in PSI of oil in
TEMPERATURE INDICATORS combining gearbox. Temperature portion receives
temperature indications from an electrical
No. 1 and No. 2 engine oil pressure and temperature resistance-type bulb, and pressure portion receives
indicators are dual-type indicators registering pressure indications from oil pressure transmitter.
temperature in degrees Celsius and pressure in PSI Temperature portion is powered from 28 VDC
for each engine. Temperature portion receives emergency bus 1 and pressure portion is powered by
temperature indications from an electrical 28 VAC bus 2.

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95-68. HYDRAULIC PRESSURE AND emergency bus No. 2, and pressure portion is
TEMPERATURE INDICATORS powered by 26 Vac bus No. 1.

95-70. TRIPLE TACHOMETER INDICATOR

The system No. 1 and system No. 2 hydraulic
pressure and temperature indicators are dual type
The triple tachometer indicator contains three pointers
indicators registering hydraulic oil temperature in
and simultaneously registers engine No. 1 and engine
degrees Celsius and hydraulic pressure in psi.
No. 2 power turbine and main rotor rpm in percent.
Pressure portion is powered from 26 Vac buses 1 and
Power is provided by three tachometer generators,
2, and registers indications received from two
mounted on engine No. 1, No. 2, and transmission
hydraulic pressure transmitters. Temperature portion is
respectively. These systems are self-generating.
powered from 28 Vdc essential buses 1 and 2, and
registers indications received from two electrical
95-71. INTERTURBINE TEMPERATURE (ITT)
resistance-type temperature bulbs.
INDICATORS

95-69. TRANSMISSION OIL PRESSURE AND
TEMPERATURE INDICATOR
The transmission oil pressure and temperature
indicator is a dual type indicator registering
temperature in degrees Celsius and pressure in psi.
Temperature portion receives temperature indications
from an electrical resistance-type bulb, and pressure
portion receives pressure indications from oil pressure
transmitter. Temperature portion is powered by 28 Vdc
The engine No. 1 and No. 2 ITT indicators register
power turbine inlet air temperature received from
bayonet-type thermocouples mounted between gas
producer turbine and power turbine in center engine
compartments. Temperature indications are in degrees
Celsius.

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MISCELLANEOUS INSTRUMENTS
95-72. MISCELLANEOUS INSTRUMENTS
The miscellaneous instruments consist of the digital
clock, dual ac and dc voltmeters, dual dc ammeter,
free air temperature indicator, and engine hourmeter.
Also included in this section are the air data command
display (DAFCS) and flight director mode selector
(DAFCS).
95-73. DIGITAL CLOCK (S/N 36087 AND
SUBSEQUENT)
The clock has a liquid crystal display, lighting system,
and ultraviolet filter to provide uniform night
illumination and protection from sunlight. The clocks
two pushbuttons control the four displays. •GMT —
Greenwich Mean Time (24 hour format) •LT — Local
Time (12 or 24 hour format) •ET — Elapsed Time (1
second to 99 hours and 59 minutes range) •ET —
Elapsed Time Countdown Timer (1 second to 1 hour
range)
95-74. FUNCTIONAL CHECK
Press and hold down SELECT button for 3 seconds.
The display will read ’88.88' and GMT, LT, and ET will
be illuminated.
95-75. OPERATION
1. SELECT Button. The SELECT button
sequentially pressed will illuminate GMT (Greenwich
mean time), LT (local time), and ET (elapsed time).
2. CONTROL Button. The CONTROL button
sequentially pressed (after pressing the SELECT and
CONTROL button simultaneously) will change the
display. Pressing the button momentarily will start and
reset ET (elapsed time).
BHT-412-MM-10
95-76. GMT (Greenwich Mean Time)
1. Press SELECT button momentarily until GMT is
illuminated.
2. Press SELECT and CONTROL buttons once
simultaneously to enter set mode (tens of hours digit
starts flashing).
3. Press CONTROL button once to display first digit
to be set.
4. Press CONTROL button momentarily to set digit.
Each button push advances the digit.
5. Press SELECT button once to select the next
digit to be set.
6. Perform steps 3, 4, and 5 above until remaining
digits are set.
7. Press SELECT button once to exit the set mode
(flashing display indicates clock is running).
95-77. LT (Local Time)
1. Press SELECT button momentarily until LT is
illuminated.
2. Press SELECT and CONTROL buttons once
simultaneously to enter set mode (tens of hours digit
starts flashing).
3. Press CONTROL button once to display first digit
to be set.
4. Press CONTROL button momentarily to set digit.
Each button push advances the digit.
5. Press SELECT button once to select the next
digit to be set.
NOTE
Minutes are synchronized with GMT and
can not be changed in the LT (local time)
setting mode.
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If minutes require changing, follow GMT 3. Press CONTROL button once to display first digit
procedures for setting minutes. to be set.

6. Perform steps 3, 4, and 5 above until remaining
digits are set.
7. Press SELECT button once to exit the set mode
(flashing display indicates clock is running).
4. Press CONTROL button momentarily to set digit.
Each button push advances the digit up from 1 second
to 59 minutes and 59 seconds.
5. Press SELECT button once to select the next
digit to be set.

95-78. ET (Elapsed Time) Count-Up
1. Press SELECT button momentarily until ET is
illuminated.
6. Perform steps 3, 4, and 5 above until remaining
digits are set.
7. Press SELECT button once to exit the set mode.

2. Press CONTROL button once to start count-up.
Counter will start counting in minutes and seconds up
to 59 minutes and 59 seconds. Then the counter will
start counting in hours and minutes up to 99 hours and
59 minutes.
3. Press CONTROL button once to reset the ET
count-up setting to zero.
8. Press CONTROL button once to start the
countdown. Display will flash and an external alarm
will be activated when the counter reaches zero.
9. Press SELECT or CONTROL button to deactivate
the flashing display and external alarm.
95-80. TROUBLESHOOTING

Refer to Table 95-5 for troubleshooting.

95-79. ET (Elapsed Time) Countdown

1. Press SELECT button momentarily until ET is

illuminated.

2. Press SELECT and CONTROL buttons once

simultaneously to enter set mode.

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Table 95-5. Troubleshooting — Digital Clock

INDICATION OF TROUBLE PROBABLE CAUSE CORRECTIVE ACTION

Clock does not display time. Defective instrument. Replace clock.

Defective wiring. Repair wiring.

Clock does not illuminate GMT, SELECT button, or instrument Replace clock.
LT, and ET when SELECT button defective.
is pressed.

Clock display does not change CONTROL button, or instrument Replace clock.
when CONTROL button is defective.
pressed (after SELECT and
CONTROL buttons were simulta-
neously pressed).

95-81. DUAL AC AND DC VOLTMETERS
The dual ac and dc voltmeters monitor and
simultaneously indicate ac and dc bus voltage. No. 1
dual voltmeter indicates voltage present on 115 Vac
and 28 Vdc No. 1 buses, and No. 2 dual voltmeter
indicates voltage present on the 115 Vac and 28 Vdc
No. 2 buses. For additional information and
troubleshooting, refer to dc and ac power systems in
Chapter 96.
95-82. DUAL DC AMMETER
The dual dc ammeter indicates current output in
amperes of starter-generators No. 1 and No. 2 by
monitoring current flow at each respective shunt.
Troubleshooting is covered as a portion of generator
system in Chapter 96.
95-83. FREE AIR TEMPERATURE INDICATOR
The bimetallic probe-type free air temperature
indicator (figure 95-6) is mounted in the left forward
portion of the upper right cabin roof window assembly.
The indicator probe is exposed to outside
temperatures through the window assembly and is
protected by a sunshield. Indicator provides a direct
reading of outside air temperature in degrees Celsius.
95-84. ENGINE HOURMETER
The engine hourmeter is mounted on right side of
pedestal near floor. Hourmeter clock mechanism is
calibrated in hours and registers engine operating
hours under flight power. Troubleshooting is covered
as a portion of engine hourmeter electrical system in
Chapter 96.
95-85. AIR DATA COMMAND DISPLAY
(DAFCS)
The air data command display is used to display air
data parameter references. It also displays fault codes
during DAFCS test cycle. The display decodes data
from the digital flight control computer to illuminate the
incandescent display. System is powered from 28 Vdc
essential bus 1. Refer to digital automatic flight control
system (DAFCS), Chapter 96 for operational check
and troubleshooting procedures.

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Figure 95-6. Free Air Temperature Indicator

95-86. FLIGHT DIRECTOR MODE SELECTOR
(P/O DAFCS FLIGHT DIRECTOR KIT)
The mode selector is used to select and annunciate
the various flight modes of the digital automatic flight
control system (DAFCS). The mode selector display
consists of illuminated pushbutton switches for
selecting DAFCS standby, roll axis, or pitch axis
modes of operation. When a mode is selected, that
mode is annunciated by a bright light level. The SBY
switch, when held, tests all lamps in the mode selector
and autopilot controller. Refer to DAFCS, Chapter 96
for operational check and troubleshooting.

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