ULTRASONIC TESTING QUESTIONS:

1) What are Ultrasonic sound waves?

Ans: Sound waves with frequency more than 20,000 hertz

2) What is the frequency of sound waves used in UT?

Ans: In UT we use sound of the frequency 0.5MHz to 50 MHz

3) What is the frequency of probes used in UT?

Ans: Normal Probe- 4Mhz
Shear Probe – 4 Mhz
Twin Crystal probe – 5Mhz

4) What are the angles in the shear probe?

Ans: 30,45,60,70 & 80 degrees.

5) How to select a shear probe?

Ans: Shear probe is selected as per the formula 90-T, where T is the thickness of
material.

6) What is the block used for normal probe and shear probe calibration?
Ans: V1 block is used for normal probe calibration and V2 block for shear probe
calibration.

7) Which type of UT machine did we use in the practical?

Ans: We used a pulse- echo machine, type A-scan made by Modsonic Company.

8) What is the velocity we take during probe calibration?

Ans: While calibrating normal probe on V1 block (mild steel) we take
longitudinal velocity as 5920m/s.
While calibrating shear probe on V2 block, we take Shear velocity as 3250m/s.

9) What is DAC curve?

Ans: Distance to Amplitude Correction Curve is used to check wether to accept or
reject a defect based on the DAC graph.

10) Which block is used to draw DAC curve?

Ans: We use Double –V notch block, but we can use other blocks like Side Drilled
Hole block, Single –V notch block.

11) What is the smallest defect we can find in UT?

Ans: Smallest defect we can find is half of the wavelenth.

12) What are the steps in machine calibration?

Ans: Horizontal Linearity, Vertical Linearity, Resolution, and Sensitivity

13) What is half skip distance?

Ans: The position of the probe, where the sound hits exactly at the root of the
welded area. It is “T tan”.
14) What is full skip distance?
Ans: The position of the probe, where the sound hits at the cap. It is “2T tan”

15) Can we find near surface defects in UT?

Ans: We can find it by using shear probe or twin crystal probe.