PROBABILITY (1)

Question 1:

An elementary school is offering 3 language classes: one in Spanish, one in French, and one in
German. The classes are open to any of the 100 students in the school. There are 28 students in
the Spanish class, 26 in the French class, and 16 in the German class. There are 12 students that
are in both Spanish and French, 4 that are in both Spanish and German, and 6 that are in both
French and German. In addition, there are 2 students taking all 3 classes.
a) If a student is chosen randomly, what is the probability that he or she is not in any of the
language classes?
b) If a student is chosen randomly, what is the probability that he or she is taking exactly
one language class? (Hint: Venn diagram)
c) If 2 students are chosen randomly, what is the probability that at least 1 is taking a
language class?
Question 2:

Suppose a gambler is playing a modified roulette game in a casino by betting money on a single
number each round (he can only select one and only number to bet on). If the roulette stops at
that number, he wins, otherwise, he loses. The roulette is known to have 25 numbers on it, and
each round is independent of all previous rounds played.

a) Find the probability that the gambler will win for the first time on 10th round.
b) Find the probability that it will take him more than 30 rounds to achieve his first win.
c) Find the probability that he will win at least once in 25 rounds.
Question 3:

Hikaru and Akira are two best friends who play GO chess at different schools. Unfortunately,
their schools have to battle each others in a GO chess tournament in a team match. Hikaru ‘s
school has total 7 players, while Akira ‘s school has total 11 players. Each school will form a
team of 3 players by selecting randomly, then the chosen players will be paired randomly to play
against each other.

a, What is the probability Hikaru and Akira will play against each other? (sed sed :”<)
 b, What is the probability Hikaru and Akira got chosen into the team, but will not play
against each other?

c, What is the probability that both of them are not selected into the team?
Question 4:

Suppose we have 12 married couples (let’s leave out gay marriage for now, only consider male –
female marriage). Now we want to pick out a group of 6 random people that doesn’t contain any
married couple

a) How many ways we have?

b) Re-do the experiment but the selected group must have 3 men and 3 women. How many
options we have?

Question 5:

Suppose we have 2 boxes. Box 1 contains 4 Black marbles and 4 White marbles, while box 2
contains 2 Black marbles and 5 White marbles.

a) If a marble is randomly selected from each box, what is the probability that 2 marbles
will have the same color?
b) If 2 marbles are randomly selected from each box, what is the probability that all of them
will have the same color?

Question 6:

Manchester United, Chelsea, and Manchester City are three English football teams that are
qualified for the quarter finals (Quarter finals means 8 participants) of Champion League this
year. UEFA will organize a draw event to identify the matches. There is no restriction in
drawing, and drawing is randomly. What is the probability that all three English football
teams will avoid meeting each others in the quarter finals ?