.

Pollination is best defined as

a) Germination of pollen grains

b) Visiting flowers by insects

c) Transfer of pollen from anther to stigma

d) Growth of pollen tube in ovule

2. Pollinia are sac like structures

a) In which anther lobes are present

b) Which are present in megasporangia

c) in which pollen grains are present in mass

d) which secrete yellow substance called pollenkit material

3. Intine of pollen grain composed of

a) Lipid and protein

b) Cellulose and pectin

c) pectin and lignin

d) lignin and cutin

4. The exine of a pollen grain is made of

a) Pectin and cellulose

b)sporopollenin

c) pollenkit

d) lignocellulose

5. Pollination which occurs in closed flower is known as

a) Allogamy

b) Cleistogamy

c) Protogyny

d) None of the above

6. Insect pollinated flowers usually possess

a) Dry pollens with smooth surface

b) Sticky pollens with rough surface

c) Large quantities of pollen

d) Brightly coloured pollens

7. Pollen grains of flowers pollinated by insects or wind are not

a) Large and showy

b) Rough and sticky

c) Smooth and dry

d) Rough and dry

8. The deposition of pollen on the stigma of another flower of the same plant is known as

a) Homogamy

b) Dichogamy

c) Geitonogamy

d) Xenogamy

9. Self pollination occurs between stamens and carpels of the

a) Same flower
b) Different flowers

c) Same flower or the different flowers of the same plant

d) Different flowers of the same plant

10. If a pollen of a flower falls on the stigma of another flower belonging to the same plant it is

a) Genetically self pollination and ecologically cross pollination

b) Ecologically cross pollination

c) Genetically and ecologically cross pollination

d) None of these

11. A typical example of self pollination is

a) Wheat

b) Rice

c) Cotton

d) Maize

12. Pollenkit is present in the pollen wall of

a) Anemophilous flowers

b)Entomophilous flowers

c) Zoophilous flowers

d) Malacophilous flowers

13. Wind pollinated plants differ from insect pollinated plants in having

a) small petals and sticky pollen

b) small coloured petals and heavy pollen

c) Coloured petal and large pollens

d) No petals and light pollen

Pollination by bats

14. Pollination by bats is called

a) Ornithophily

b) Entomophily

c) Malacophily

d) Cheiropterophily

15. Pollination is characteristic of

a) Gymnosperms

b) Fungi

c) Angiospems

d) Pteridophytes

A fruit is best defined as

fruits

a) ripened ovule enclosing one or more seeds

b) ripened ovary enclosing one or more seeds

c) ripened endosperm enclosing one or more seeds

d) ripened nucellus enclosing one or more seeds

2. A true fruit is the one where

a) only ovary of the flower develops into fruit

b) ovary and calyx of the flower develops into fruit

c) ovary, calyx and thalamus of the flower develops into fruit

d) all floral whorls of the flower develops into fruit

3. Arrange the following in correct order

1. apple----A) drupe

2. pea----B) hespiridium

3. orange----C) legume

4. mango---- D) pome

a) 1-A, 2-C, 3-D, 4-B

b) 1-D, 2-B, 3-A, 4-C

c) 1-D, 2-C, 3-B, 4-A

d) 1-B, 2-C, 3-A, 4-C

4. The edible fleshy part of mango is called

a) pericarp

b) mesocarp

c) endocarp

d) epicarp

5. Ovary wall gives rise to

a) fruit wall

b) seed coat

c) mesocarp

d) endocarp
6. Development of fruits without fertilization is called

a) apospory

b) parthenogenesis

c) parthenocarpy

d) polygamy

7. The water of coconut is

a) liquid mesocarp

b) liquid endocarp

c) degenerated liquid endosperm

d) liquid nucellus

8. The fruit of rice and wheat is called

a) achene

b) siliqua

c) follicle

d) caryopsis

9. In tomato, fruit is a

a) drupe

b) berry

c) pepo

d) pome
10. Arrange the following in correct order

1. lometum ----A)fig

2. regma -----B)groundnut

3. sorosis-----C)castor

4. syconus---D)pine apple

a) 1-A, 2-C, 3-D, 4-B

b) 1-B, 2-D, 3-A, 4-C

c) 1-C, 2-A, 3-D, 4-B

d) 1-B, 2-C, 3-D, 4-A

A seed is a

a) ripened ovule

b) ripened ovary

c) ripened endosperm

d) fused carpel

2. All the following structures are present in dicot seed except

a) radicle

b) endosperm

c) coleoptile

d) seed coat

3. Fruits are mature--------whereas seeds are mature--------

a) ovaries and stamens

b) ovules and carpels

c) ovules and ovaries

d) ovaries and ovules

4. The seed coat is formed from

a) integuments

b) ovary

c) endosperm

d) pericarp

5. A seed contains

a) stored food

b) embryo

c) seed coat

d) all of these

6. Cotyledons are formed from

a) embryos

b) seeds

c) ovaries

d) ovules

7. All are dicotyledonous seeds except

rice

a) mango

b) castor
c) rice

d) pea

8. Which of the following is a non-endospermic seed

a) cereals

b) millets

c) orchids

d) custard apple

9. The endosperm formed as a part of double fertilization is

a) haploid

b) diploid

c) triploid

d) polyploid

10. Seed dormancy may be due to

a) immature embryo

b) hard seed coat

c) presence of germination inhibitors

d) all of these

During seed germination, seed coat ruptures due to

a) Differentiation of cotyledons

b) Massive glycolysis in endosperm and cotyledons

c) Sudden increase in cell division

d) Massive imbibitions of water

2. Seed develops from

a) ovary

b) Embryo

c) Ovule

d) Embryo sac

3. An albuminous seed showing hypogeal germination is

a) castor

b) Bean

c) Gram

d) Maize

4. Proteinaceous part of maize endosperm is

a) Apophysis

b) scutellum

c) Aleurone layer

d) Peripheral layer

5.Vivipary is

a) Seed germination with subterranean cotyledons

b) Seed germination with epiterranean cotyledons

c) Fruit development without pollination

d) seed germination inside the fruit the fruit while attached to the plant

6. A gas required for germination of pea seed is

a) Nitrogen

b) Oxygen
c) Hydrogen

d) Water vapours

7. Seed dormancy allows the plants to

a) Overcome unfavourable climate conditions

b) Develop healthy seeds

c) Reduce viability

d) Prevent deterioration of seeds

8. Among the following which compound can induce seed dormancy?

a) ABA

b) Potassium nitrate

c) Gibberelllins

d) Ethylene

9. Protective covering over radical during seed germination is

a) Suspensor

b) coleorhiza

c) Epithelium

d) Coleoptile

10. Germination is epigeal in

Epigeal seed germination

a) Rice

b) Wheat

c) Zea mays

d) Helianthus

. A characteristic of angiosperm is
a) root

b) seed

c) flower

d) all of the above

2. A flower with essential and non-essential whorls

a) incomplete

b) irregular

c) sessile

d) complete

3. A bisexual flowers which never open in its life span is called

a) homogamous

b) heterogamous

c) polygamous

d) cleistogamous

4. Which of the following is not a single flower

a) China rose

b) Petunia

c) Sun flower

d) holy hope

5. Plants which flower only once in their life is

a) Polycarpic

b) monocarpic

c) cleistocarpic

d) pericarpic

6. Third whorl in flower is of

a) petal

b) sepal

c) stamen

d) pistil

7. Flower is a modified shoot because

a) in some flowers thalamus become elongated and shows distinct nodes and internodes

b) flowers aggregate to form inflorescence

c) epicalyx is present in some flowers

d) essential organs are present in some flowers

8. In monoecious plants

Monoecious plants

a) male and female parts are borne by the same plant but not by the same flower

b) male and female parts are borne by the same flower

c) male and female parts are borne by the different plant

d) none of the above

9. A flower is said to be complete when it has

Complete Flower

a) corolla

b) androecium and gynoecium

c) calyx and corolla only

d) all the four whorls

10. The perianth is the term used when

a) androecium and gynoecium are similar

b) calyx and corolla are similar

c) androecium and calyx are similar

d) gynoecium and corolla are similar

11. A flower is brightly coloured, scented and secrete nectar. It is most probably

a) pollinated by insects

b) sterile

c) pollinated by wind

d) an insectivorous plant

12. Protandry is the situation when

a) anthers and stigma mature at the same time

b) anthers mature later than the stigma of the same flower

c) anthers mature earlier than the stigma of the same flower

d) anthers of the flower pollinate the stigma of the same flower

13. In a bisexual flowers when the gynoecium matures earlier than the androecium it is called

a) protogyny

b) Protandry

c) autogamy

d) heterogamy

14. In which of the following plants do the male and female flowers occur in the same individual

a) pumpkin

b) gram

c) rose

d) hibiscus
15. In a flower, when the ovary is situated on the torus above all other floral whorls, the flower is said to
be

a) perigynous

b) epigynous

c) inferior

d) hypogynous

. Which of the following constituents the best definition of a fruit?

A fruit is

a) A product of the flower

b) A product of ovary

c) Post fertilization product of pistil

d) A body that contains seed

2. A fruit which develops from a condensed inflorescence is called

a) A simple fruit

b) An eaterio of fruit

c) An aggaregate fruit

d) A composite fruit

3. Multiple fruits are those which are produced by

a) Several ripened ovaries of a single flower

b) Several ripened ovaries of several flowers of an inflorescence

c) Part other than ovary

d) Fusion of calyx with ovary

4. Drupe is recognized by

a) Fleshy seed coat

b) Stony endocarp

c) Thin seed coat

d) Stony mesocarp

5. The edible portion of mango is

a) Endocarp

b) Mesocarp

c) Epicarp

d) Pericarp

6. The edible portion of coconut is

Coconut

a) Endosperm

b)Mesocarp

c) Seed coat

d) Pericarp
7. A simple one seeded fruit with pericarp fused with the seed coat is known as

a) Caryopsis

b) Achene

c) Nut

d) Cypsela

8. In pomegranate the edible part is

a) Juice epicarp

b) Mesocarp

c) Juice hairs

d) Juice testa

9. Aggregate fruit is defined as the one which develops from

a) Multicarpellary apocarpus gynoecium

b) Multicarpellary syncarpous gynoecium

c) Multicarpellary superior ovary

d) Complete inflorescence

10. Lotus fruit is

a) Capsule

b) Berry

c) Etaerio of berries

d) Etaerio of achenes

11. Betelnut is
a) Drupe

b) Berry

c) Nut

d) Caryopsis

12. A fruit developed from a spikate inflorescence is called

a) Syconium

b)Sorosis

c) Elaterio of achenes

d) Elaterio of berries

13. A fruit which is monocarpellary, superior and dehisces by one suture only is

a) Legume

b) Regma

c) Follicle

d) Siliqua

14. A fruit which develops from a condensed inflorescence is called

a) A simple fruit

b) An etaerio of fruit

c) An aggregrate fruit

d) A composite fruit

15. The fruit of gramineae is

a) Caruncle
b)Caryopsis

c) Achene

d) Nut

1. Angiosperms differ from gymnosperms in having

a) fruits

b) cotyledon

c) tracheids

d) broad leaves

2. If seed is defined as an ovule modified as a result of fertilization, one may expect to find seed in

a) all vascular plants

b) angiopsperm only

c) gymnosperm only

d) phanerogams

3. The branch of botany that deals with the form of the plant is known as

a) physiology

b) anatomy

c) morphology

d) cytology

4. The roots which develop from any portion of the plant except the radical are known as

a) tap roots

b) stilt roots
c) fibrous roots

d) adventitious roots

5. The arrangement of leaves on branches

a) Phyllotaxy

b) vernation

c) venation

d) phytotaxy

6. Red root is another name of

a) beet root

b) sugar cane root

c) potato root

d) none of the above

7. Branches of stem are

a) exogenous in origin

b) endogenous in origin

c) partially endogenous and partially exogenous

d) superficial

8. Leaf less stem of onion which is produce to bear flowers is called

a) peduncle

b) rachis
c) floral axis

d) scap

9. Phyllode is nothing but a leaf modification meant for photosynthesis is an adaptation

a) xerophytic

b) hydrophytic

c) mesophytic

d) thallophytic

Phyllode

10. Thick and woody climbers are called as

a) suckers

b) climbers

c) lianas

d) creepers

11. Parallel venation are found in

Parallel Venation

a) monocots

b) dicot stem

c) dicot root

d) none of these

12. Angiosperm differ from the gymnosperms

a) in having compound leaves

b) being evergreen

c) being smaller in size

d) in having ovules enclosed in ovary

13. Which of the following feature distinguish a monocot from a dicot plant

a) phyllotaxy

b) venation

c) vernation

d) aestivation

14. The axillary buds arise

a) endogenously from the pericycle

b) endogenously from the main growing point

c) exogenously from the inner cortical layers

d) exogenously from the epidermis

15. Bulb is a modification of

Bulb

a) root

b) stem

c) radicle

d) plumule
1.An inflorescence in which flowers arise from different point but reach at same point is known as

a) catkin

b) spadix

c) umbel

d) cymose

2. In raceme the flowers are

a) arranged in basipetal succession

b) arranged in acropetal succession

c) of separate sexes

d) of the same sexes

3. A spike of unisexual flower is found in

a) wheat

b) onion

c) mulberry

d) fig

4. In onion the inflorescence is

a) raceme

b) corymb

c) catkin

d) umbel

5. In musaceae the inflorescence is

a) spadix

b) spike

c) head

d) none of these

6. The inflorescence in Mimosa pudica (touch me not plant) is

Mimosa pudica

a) umbel

b) corymb

c) spike

d) globose head

7. Hypanthodium is a characteristic inflorescence of

a) mulberry

b) Ficus

c) Poinsetia

d) pine apple

8. The inflorescence in Dorstenia

a) amentum

b) coenaanthium

c) anthodium

d) rhiphodium

9. When dichasial cyme ends into monochasial cyme the inflorescence is

a) uniparous

b) biparous

c) cincissus

d) vericillaster

10. Dichasial cyme is seen in

a) Ixora

b) Begonia

c) Calotropis

d) Bignonia

11. Cyathium is found in

a) Ficus

b) Morus

c) Euphorbia

d) Dorstenia

12. Helicoid cyme is found in

Helicoid Cyme

a) Dianthus

b) Hamelia

c) Leucas

d) Hibiscus
Sunflower

13. The characteristic inflorescence of the family compositae

a) head or capitulam

b) cymose

c) racemose

d) verticillaster

14. The inflorescence of Anthurium

a) spike

b) racemose

c) hypanthodium

d) spadix

15. The most important function of an inflorescence is to help in

a) dispersal of seeds

b) release of pollen grains

c) attracting insects for cross pollination

d) forming large number of fruits

. Double fertilization is characteristic of

a) Gymnosperms

b) Angiosperms

c) Monocots
d) Bryophytes

2. In angiosperm endosperm is

a) Haploid

b) Diploid

c) Triploid

d) None of the above

Porogamy

3. Porogamy is

a) Fertilization in which pollen tube enters the ovule through integument

b) Fertilization without pollen grain

c) Fertilization in which pollen tube enters the ovule through chalaza

d) Fertilization in which pollen tube enters the ovule through micropyle

4. Monosporic eight nucleated female gametophyte is found in

a) Adoxa

b) Onion

c) Fritillaria

d) Polygonum

5. In angiosperm the free nuclear divisions take place during

a) gamete formation

b) flower formation
c) endosperm formation

d) embryo formation

6. The name perisperm is given to the

a) remnant of the nucellus

b) peripheral nucellus

c) disintegrated antipodals

d) disintegrated synergids

7. An embryo may sometimes develop from a cell of an embryo sac other than the egg. This is called

a)Apospory

b)Parthenogenesis

c) Parthenocarpy

d) Apogamy

8. Double fertilization was discovered by

Double fertilization

a) Hofmeister

b)Leenuwenhoeck

c) Nawaschin

d) Hooke

9. After fertlilization the seed coat develop from

a) Chalaza
b)Ovule

c) Embryosac

d) Integuments

10. Amphimixis in plants means development not a plant

a) From fusion of two gametes

b) without fusion of gametes

c) from stem cuttings

d) from root cuttings

11. One of the following shows one celled suspensor

a) Wheat

b) Petunia

c) Hedera

d) Solanum

12. Which of the following statements is true for the pollen tube?

a) It shows only tip growth

b) it is composed of three non cellular zones

c) it shows chemostatic movements

d) it shows radial cytoplasmic streaming

13. In the anther wall

a) Tapetum lies just inner to the endothecium

b)endothecium lies inner to the middle layers

c) tapetum lies next to the epidermis

d) middle layers lie between endothecium and tapeum

14. Fertilization is the process of

a) Transfer the pollen from anther to stigma

b) Fusion of one male gamete with the egg

c) Formation of seed from ovule

d)Fusion of male nucleus with polar nuclei

15. In flowering plants meiosis occurs at the time of

a) germination of seed

b) formation of buds

c) formation of root primerdia

d) Formatation of pollen grains

Major food crops of the world belongs to the family

a) Leguminosae

b) Solanaceae

c) Cruciferae

d) Gramineae

Economic botany

2. Saffron is produced from

a) roots of Indigofera

b) petals of Rosa
c) stamens of Hibiscus

d) Style and stigma of Crocus

3. One of the following is a plant of great medicinal value:

a) Brassica oleraceae

b) Rauwolfia serpentina

c) Coffea robusta

d) Cryptostegia grandiflora

4. Resrpine, s drug is extracted from

a) Brassica oleraceae

b) Atropa belladonna

c) Rauwolfia serpentina

d) Digitalis purpurea

5. Fibre of great commercial importance derived from epidermis is

a) Flax

b) Hemp

c) Coir

d) Cotton

6. A milk like preparation can be made from the seeds of

a) Gram

b) Grapes

c) Soybean
d) Barley

7. Coir of commerce comes from which part of coconut?

a) Epicarp

b) Mesocarp

c) Seed coat

d) Endocarp

8. One of the following is a source of rubber:

a) Hevea brasilensis

b) Tectona grandis

c) Cedrus depdara

d) Michelia champaca

9. Which of the most important source of food and fodder?

a) Algae

b) Fungi

c) Lichen

d) Cereal

10. A drug which reduces high blood pressure is obtained from

a) Aconitum chasmanthum

b) Centella asiatica

c) Rouwolfia serpentina
d) Solanum nigrum

11. One of the following plants is a rich variety of timber:

a) Cassia fistula

b) Dalbergia sissoo

c) Acacia arabica

d) Morus alba

12. The chicory powder which is mixed with coffee powder is obtained from

a) seeds

b) leaves

c) roots

d) stems

Ricinus communis

13. Castor oil is obtained from

a) Sesamum indicum

b) Linum spp

c) Brassica campestris

d) Ricinus communis

14. The flax fibres are obtained from

a) Cannabis sativa

b) Crotolaria juncea

c) Cocos nucifera
d) Linum ustistissimum

15. One of the following is an oil seed crop:

a) Marigold

b) Sunflower

c) Roses

d) Crysanthemum

. Collenchyma are characterized by the presence of

a) elongated cells with deposits of cellulose and pectin all over the wall

b) isodiametric cells with deposits of cellulose and pectin at the corners

c) elongated cells with thickening at the corners

d) isodiametric cells with thickening all over the wall

2. The waxy substance associated with the wall of cork cells is

a) Cutin

b)Lignin

c) Hemicellulose

d) Suberin

3. A simple mechanical tissue devoid of lignin is

a) parenchyma

b) sclerenchyma

c) collenchyma
d) chlorenchyma

4. Vascular bundles in a dicot stem are

Dicot Stem

a) open,collateral,exaarch

b)closed, collateral, endarch

c) closed, collateral,exarch

d) open, collateral, endarch

5. Abnormal secondary growth is found in

a) Dracaena

b) Triticum

c) Helianthus

d) Cucurbita

6. Presence of casparian strips is characteristic feature of

a) Endodermis

b) Exodermis

c) Epidermis

d) Pericycle

7. External protective tissue of plants are

a) cork and cortex

b) cortex and epidermis

c) Epidermis and cork

d) pericycle and cortex

8. Annual rings are distinct in plants growing in

Annual rings

a) Temperate regions

b) Tropical regions

c) Grasslands

d) Arctric region

9. The lateral roots generally originate in

a) cork cambium

b) cortex

c) pericycle cells lying against protoxylem

d) endodermal cells lying against protoxylem

10. Velamen cells are found in epiphytes

a) below the epidermis

b) just outside the cortex

c) below the endodermis

d) just outside the exodermis

11. Sclerenchymatous bundle sheath is present in

a) Grass

b) Mango

c) Banyan

d) Mango

12. Intercalary meristem results in

a) secondary growth

b) apical growth

c) primary growth

d) none of the above

13. The best method to determine the age of tree is

a) to count the number of leaves

b) to count the number of annual rings

c) to measure it’s diameter

d) to find out the number of branches

14. The bark of a tree comprises

a) all the tissues outside the cork cambium

b) all the tissues outside the vascular camboim

c) only the cork

d) just inside the cork cambium

15. Which of the following give rise to the cork tissue?

a) phellogen
b) periblem

c) periderm

d) phelloderm

Answers:

1-c

2-d

3-c

4-d

5-a

6-a

7-c

8-a

9-c

10-d

11-a

12-c

13-b

14-a

15-a
. The system of plant classification proposed by Carolus Linnaeus was artificial because

a) It was based on evolutionary relationship of plants

b) It was based on similarities and differences in floral and other morphological characters only

c) It took into account the physiological facts along with the morphological characters

d) None of the above

2. Linnaeus is credited with introducing

a) The concept of inheritance

b) Law of limiting factor

c) Theory of heredity

d) Binomial nomenclature

3. Out of the 4 widely known systems of classification one remains less phylogenetic and more natural
and that is of

a) Engler and Prantl

b) Hutchinson

c) Bentham and Hooker

d) Rendle

4. The chief merit of Bentham and Hookers classification is that

a) it is a natural system of classification of all group of plants

b) a system based on evolutionary concept

c) it also considered the phylogenetic aspect

d) The description of taxa are based on actual examination of the specimens

5. ‘Systema Naturae’ written by Linnaeus contains a list of

a) 4000 species of plants

b) 2000 species of plants

c) 4200 species of plants

d) 4200 species of animals

6. Natural system of classification of plants differs from artificial system of classification in

a) taking into account only one vegetative character

b) taking into account only one floral character

c) taking into account all the similarities between plants

d) all of these

7. One of the best methods for understanding general relationships of plants is

a) Cytotaxonomy

b) Experimental Taxonomy

c) Numerical Taxonomy

d) Chemotaxonomy

8. Systematics deals with

a) Identification of Organism

b) Classification of organisms

c) the kinds and diversity of all organisms and the existing relationships amongst themselves

d) identification, naming and classification of both plants and animals

9. α- taxonomy deals with

a) Classical taxonomy

b) Chemotaxonomy

c) phylogeny

d) experimental taxonomy

10. Classical taxonomy is also termed

a) β taxonomy

b) systematics

c) descriptive taxonomy

d) experimental taxonomy

11. The advantage of Systematics is that it

a) gives an idea of organic diversity, its origin and evolution in the plant and animal kingdom

b) is complementary to other branches of biology

c) provides correct information needed in agriculture, medical, veterinary sciences etc.

d) All of these

Syngenesious

12. Syngenesious anthers and epipetalous stamens are found in

a) Liliaceae

b) Malvaceae

c) Solanaceae

d) Compositae
13. Indefinite stamens are characteristic of family

a) Malvaceae

b) Gramineae

c) Labiatae

d) Cruciferae

14. Synandrous condition is common in the family

a) Umbelliferae

b) Rosaceae

c) Malvaceae

d) Cucurbitaceae

15. Polyadelphous condition is found in

a) Leguminosae

b) Rutaceae

c) Compositae

d) Liliaceae