UNDERSTANDING OF WORD-TYPE ROAD SIGNS OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT

VEHICLE DRIVERS IN MAMBUSAO, CAPIZ

PETER JHON O. ALIDO

MARK CHRISTIAN GAYOMA
MA. VICTORIA V. VALAD-ON

A Thesis
Presented to the Faculty
of the Bachelor of Arts Department
Capiz State University-Mambusao Satellite College
in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for the Degree of

BACHELOR OF ARTS
Major: English

March 2019

i
 Republic of the Philippines
CAPIZ STATE UNIVERSITY
Mambusao Satellite College
Mambusao, Capiz

BACHELOR OF ARTS DEPARTMENT

APPROVAL SHEET

Thesis Title : Understanding of Word-Type Road Signs of Public Transport

Vehicle Drivers

Students : Peter Jhon O. Alido

Mark Christian Gayoma
Ma. Victoria V. Valad-on

Course : Bachelor of Arts

Major : English

Advisory Committee:

FREDEN S. DELGADO _______________

Adviser Date

JULIE V. DALIDA,EdD _______________

Member Date

FELYN MAE G. YAP ______________

Member Date

Recommending Approval:

RHODORA L. TICAR,MAEd _______________

Research Coordinator Date

JULIE V. DALIDA, EdD _______________

Program Coordinator, AB Date

Approved:

ADELFO Z. VIRTUDAZO, DPA _______________

Satellite College Director Date

Research No:SSR-UF-278-19

ii
 Republic of the Philippines
CAPIZ STATE UNIVERSITY
Mambusao Satellite College
Mambusao, Capiz

BACHELOR OF ARTS DEPARTMENT

ACCEPTANCE SHEET

In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Arts, major
in English, this thesis entitled “Understanding of Word-Type Road Signs of Public
Transport Vehicle Drivers in Mambusao, Capiz,” prepared and submitted byPeter
Jhon O. Alido, Mark Christian Gayoma, and Ma. Victoria V. Valad-on, has been
recommended for final oral examination.

FREDEN S. DELGADO
Adviser

Approved by the Advisory/Examining Committee with a grade of __________ on

______________.

JULIE V. DALIDA, EdD FELYN MAE G. YAP

Member Member

FREDEN S. DELGADO
Adviser

Accepted as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of

Arts, major in English.

ADELFO Z. VIRTUDAZO, DPA

Satellite College Director

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 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES

Ma. Victoria V. Valad-on was born on July 9, 1998 in Brgy. Malinao,

Libmanan, Camarines Sur to Mr. Fructuso V. Valad-on, Jr. and Mrs. Marivic V. Valad-

on. She is the elderbetween the two children of the couple.

She graduated her elementary education at Pintong Gubat Elementary School,

Dasmariñas, Cavite and enrolled at Jamindan National High School for her secondary

education. She was a consistent honor student from elementary to high school and

graduated belonging to the cream of the crop.

With her earnest desire to hold a degree, she enrolled at Capiz State University-

Mambusao Satellite College, Mambusao, Capiz, taking up Bachelor of Arts, major in

English.She has been a consistent Promising Student. While in college, she affiliated

herself in different school organizations. She has served in the Supreme Student Council

as President from 2017 to 2019. Since first year up to fourth year in college, she also

served as one of the staff writers in The Courier, the official student publication of Capiz

State University-Mambusao Satellite College.

Presently, she is the President of the Federation of Supreme Student Council and

one of the members of the Board of Regents of the University. She hopes to graduate this

March 2019. Her dream is to become a politician, public servant and a lawyer for the

poor.

Mark Christian Gayoma was born on March 29, 1995 in Brgy. Canumay West,

Valenzuela City,Metro Manila. He is the elder between the two children born to Mr.

Roger V. Luces and Mrs. Belma G. Gayoma.

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 He finished his elementary education at Canumay West Elementary School,

Valenzuela City, Metro Manila in the year 2007 and obtained his secondary education at

North Fairview High School, North Fairview, Valenzuela City, Metro Manila in the year

2013.With his earnest desire to hold a degree, he enrolled at Capiz State University-

Mambusao Satellite College, Mambusao, Capiz, taking up Bachelor of Arts, major in

English. During his second year in college, he served as President of the Kapisanan ng

mga Kabataang maka-Pilipino (KKP) and as President of the Linguists Society of the

Bachelor of Arts Department during his last year.

Presently, he is a fourth year college student and hopes to graduate this March

2019. His dream is to become a counsel/lawyer and an advocate to stop injustices and

abuses against the poor and helpless people.

Peter Jhon O. Alidowas born on May 23, 1999 and lives in Crossing Talaba,

Brgy. Maninang, Sapian, Capiz. He is the fifth child among seven children of Mr. Kobef

Montenegro Alido and Mrs. Marites Ocbeña Alido.

He started his early education at the age of six at Bangkal Elementary School,

Sapian, Capiz and enrolled at Sapian National High School, Sapian, Capiz for his

secondary education where he was at the top of his class. For the reason that he idolizes

his sister Atty. Kristell Ann Marie Ocbeña Alido, he enrolled at Capiz State University-

Mambusao Satellite College, Mambusao, Capiz which is the same University where his

sister graduated. When he took the admission test, he chose to enroll Bachelor of Arts,

major in Political Science, the same degree program his sister took. Unfortunately, the

degree program was dissolved. He just took the advice of his family to switch to English

major. He didn’t know he would enjoy much this degree program and it also opened

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more doors of opportunity for him. While in college, he was a consistent promising

student writer of The Courier which is the school’s official student publication and a

Regional PASUC VI folk dancer. With his ability in public speaking, he is doing hosting

gigs in weddings, debuts and formal events. To have an allowance in school, he is having

a part-time job every night at MelMar’s Bakeshop, his aunt’s small bakery.

Presently, he is the Governor of the Bachelor of Arts Department and the Mr.

CapSU Mambusao 2018. He hopes to graduate this March 2019. His dream is to become

a celebrity and a news anchor.

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 DEDICATION

This work is dedicated to

the the Almighty God,

the true Source of wisdom;

to the researchers’ parents and families;

and

to this Institution.

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 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The researchers would like to extend their heartfelt gratitude and sincere

appreciation to the following persons who shared their knowledge, ideas andexpertise

that made their research work a success.

Dr. Adelfo Z. Virtudazo, Satellite College Director, for giving his approval to

conduct the study;

Prof. Rhodora L. Ticar, Research Coordinator, for recommending the approval

of the study;

Prof. Freden S. Delgado, Thesis Adviser, for sharing his best advice, knowledge,

and valuable help during the conduct of the study;

Dr. Julie V. Dalida, AB Department Chairman and Member of the Advisory

Committe, for her indispensable aid in statistical analysis;

Prof. Felyn Mae G. Yap, Member of the Advisory Committee, for her comments

and suggestions for the improvement of the manuscript;

The Library Personnel of CapSU Mambusao Satellite College, for making all

the materials available to the researchers;

The Respondents of this study, for being hospitable, and for their cooperation,

time and willingness to participate in the study;

Their Beloved Parents, to whom they owe everything, for their hardships and

sacrifices which brought the researchers to where they are now; and

Their families, sisters and brothers, for their financial, moral and spiritual support;

without them, this piece of work would not have been possible; and

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 Finally, the Almighty God, for continuously providing them wisdom and strength

to overcome the challenges they encounter in life.

M.V.V.

M.C.G.

P.J.A

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER PAGE

I INTRODUCTION 1

Background of the Study 1

Statement of the Problem 3

Hypotheses of the Study 3

Theoretical Framework 3

Conceptual Model 4

Significance of the Study 4

Scope and Delimitations of the Study 6

Definition of Terms 8

II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 9

Traffic Signs 9

How to Get People to Stop Ignoring Traffic Signs 14

Deaths Resulting from Abuse of Road Signs 15

Top Causes of Road Accidents in the Philippines 15

Understanding of Word-Type Road Signs in Terms of

Socio-demographic Profile of the Respondents 17

III METHODOLOGY 24

Research Design 24

Locale of the Study 24

Respondents of the Study 24

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CHAPTER PAGE

Sampling Procedure 25

Sampling Techniques 26

Research Instrument 26

Data Gathering Procedure 26

Data Analysis Procedure 27

IV PRESENTATION, ANALYSES AND INTERPRETATION

OF DATA 28

Profile of the Respondents 28

Age 28

Highest Educational Attainment 28

Estimated Monthly Family Income 28

Number of Years of Driving 30

Type of Vehicle Used 30

Level of Understanding of Word-Type Road Signs of Public

Transport Vehicle Drivers as an Entire Group 31

Level of Understanding of Word-Type Road Signs of Public

Transport Vehicle Drivers when Grouped
According to Variables 32

Age 32

Highest Educational Attainment 32

Estimated Monthly Family Income 32

Number of Years of Driving 34

Type of Vehicle Used 34

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CHAPTER PAGE

Differences in the Level of Understanding when Grouped

According to Variables 35

Age 35

Highest Educational Attainment 35

Estimated Monthly Family Income 36

Number of Years of Driving 36

Type of Vehicle Used 37

V SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 38

Summary 38

Conclusions 39

Recommendations 40

REFERENCES 41

APPENDICES 47

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 LIST OF TABLES

TABLE TITLE PAGE

1 Distribution of the respondents by type of vehicle used 25

2 Socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents 29

3 Distribution of public transport vehicle drivers in Mambusao,

Capiz in terms of level of understanding
of word-type road signs 31

4 Level of understanding of word-type road signs of public

transport vehicle drivers in Mambusao, Capiz when
grouped according to variables 33

5 Differences in the level of understanding when grouped

according to variables. 37

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 LIST OF FIGURE

FIGURE TITLE PAGE

1 Conceptual model showing drivers’ personal characteristics

in relation to understanding of word-type road signs of
public transport vehicle drivers 4

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 LIST OF APPENDICES

APPENDIX TITLE PAGE

1 Communication to the Presidents of Drivers’ Association 48

2 Instrument of the study 55

3 Filipino version of the research instrument 65

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 ABSTRACT

Valad-on, Ma. Victoria V., Gayoma, Mark Christianand Alido, Peter Jhon

O. Capiz State University, Mambusao Satellite College, Mambusao, Capiz, March 2019.

Understanding of Word-Type Road Signs of Public Transport Vehicle Drivers in

Mambusao, Capiz.

Adviser: Prof. Freden S. Delgado

The study was conducted at Mambusao, Capiz during academic year 2018-2019

to find answers to the following questions: 1) What is the level of understanding of

word-type road signs of public transport vehicle drivers as an entire group and when

classified according to age, highest educational attainment, estimated monthly family

income, number of years of driving, and type of vehicle used?; and 2) Are there

significant differences in the level of understanding of word-type road signs when

classified according to selected variables?

The researchers gathered the data from 145 public transport vehicle drivers during

the school year 2018-2019 using a research questionnaire.

Data were analyzed using both descriptive statistics and inferential statistics.

Results were interpreted at both 5 percent alpha levels of significance.

As to the personal characteristics of the respondents, the largest percentage of the

respondents were tricycle drivers, within the age of 36 to 45 years old, driving for 5 years

and below, earning Php5,000 and below, and attained secondary education.

xvi
 Most of the respondents were found to have “high” level of understanding of

word-type road signs.

When classified according to variables, public transport vehicle drivers within the

age of 46 years old and above and 26 to 35 years old had “high” level of understanding

while respondents within the age of 36 to 45 years old and 25 years old and below had an

“average” level of understanding. As to highest educational attainment, driverswho

attained secondary education had “high” level of understanding while those respondents

who attained tertiary, elementary and vocational had “average” level of understanding. In

terms of estimated monthly family income, drivers who were earning Php5001 and above

had “high” level of understanding while those who were earning Php5000 and below had

“average” level of understanding. In terms of number of years of driving, drivers who had

been for driving 11 years and above had “high” level of understanding while those

driving for 5 years and below and 6 to 10 years had “average” level of understanding. As

to type of vehicle used, drivers who were driving jeepney had “high” level of

understanding while those driving tricycle had “average” level of understanding.

Finally, there was a significant difference in the level of understanding of word-

type road signs when respondents were grouped according to age.

xvii