Image reference:

https://www.letsnurture.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Smart-farming-
LetsNurture.jpg.

PROJECT 1:

AN INTERNET OF THINGS BASED (SMART) VEGETABLE

FARM CONTROLLED SYSTEM.
Name :Mensah Paul Fiifi .
 1. INTRODUCTION

Agriculture is one of the important businesses activity that mainly affects the mankind.
From the ancient to the agricultural revolution in Ghana, farming is the way that human
used to harvest plants and consumed them in their daily life. Farming has been improved
by many technologies supporting cropping system. In addition to the technologies in the
agricultural revolution era, there have been many technologies that have impacts on
agriculture such as harvest machine, seed drill machine, reaper machine, and the others
that can reduce manpower and waste time. Recently, there are few research works on
smart farming. A wireless sensor network is used in potato fields in Egypt. The proposed
system was used to monitor the potato fields such as looking for diseases and harmful
fungi and record useful information for improving future planting and managing
resources such as water and soil. To increase the crop yield, the smart farming technology
would help. In this work, a smart farming system is proposed. Smart farming is the
technology that uses the concepts of Internet Of Things (IOT) to help farmers to monitor
and sense useful information from their farms in order to help in the quality improvement
and product quantity as well as controlling systems on the farm remotely.

2. BENEFITS

Several works have been carried out which aimed at making agriculture smart by
including automation and IoT technologies as follows:
 A smart GPS based remote controlled robot was programmed in order to perform
the actions like weeding, spraying etc.
 It covered smart irrigation along with smart control. Another work included
intelligent decision making based on accurate real-time field data and also smart
warehouse management.
 Temperature and humidity monitoring along with warehouse safety by theft
detection with sensors remotely.
 Another benefit include the use of a Wireless Sensor Network. The network
performed three activities like acquisition, collection, and analysis of the data.
The temperature of the environment and soil moisture level was the area of
interest. Benefits of irrigation process in agriculture are decreasing water
consumption and good water management.

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 3.DESIGN STRATEGY:
This projects is made up of an ATMEGA microcontroller that has been
programmed to various sensors to collect data from the farm lands and display as
well as controlling systems through the cloud or internet.

4.BLOCK DIAGAM:

5.WAYS TO ENGAGE THE YOUTH IN AGRICULTURE

 Link social media to agriculture.

 Improve agriculture's image.
 Strengthen higher education in agriculture.
 Greater use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) .
 Empower young people to speak up.
 Facilitate access to land and credit.
 Put agriculture on the school curricula.

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 AGRICULTURAL IN GHANA

The picture which normally comes to mind when you hear the word "farmer" in
Ghana, usually is that of a person who spent most of their time in the field or in the
bush, sweating profusely whiles he swings his cutlass back and forth in his tattered
and torn clothes. Right?, well you are wrong because in the grand scheme of things
the modern day Ghanaian farmer utilizing modern agricultural techniques and
technologies is fostering the development of a successful farm in Ghana and making
millions of money in the process. In this tutorial i will show how you can farm
whiles you are not on the farm.

Rural youth recently reported that access to information, lack of credit and negative
perceptions around farming are the leading reasons why African young people are
leaving small farming at such alarming rates.

During the conference, which was co-organized by IFAD alongside the Government
of Senegal and GYIN, IFAD hosted a number of sessions on agribusiness and
entrepreneurship practices, as well as shared agribusiness and entrepreneurial
know-how for over 250 African youth.

“High youth unemployment is one of the biggest problems currently affecting

African youth,” said Moses Abukari, IFAD’s Country Programmed Manager and
Youth Focal Point for West and Central Africa.

“When youth can’t find viable jobs in their communities, they begin to migrate from
rural areas in search of opportunities in bigger cities or different countries where
they face an uncertain future,” he continued.

“Young people have many innovative ideas but are often excluded from planning
and policy processes relating to the future of rural areas,” said Abukari.

With 200 million people aged between 15 and 24, Africa has the youngest
population in the world.

Unemployment for youth is a growing concern. Youth account for 60 per cent of all
African unemployed, according to the World Bank. In North Africa, the youth
unemployment rate is 30 per cent. It is even worse in Botswana, the Republic of the
Congo, Senegal, South Africa, Nigeria and several other countries.

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The ability of rural youth to engage in productive agricultural and non-agricultural
activities has social and economic benefits for both the young people and the
economy.

However, many youths in developing and transition countries have negative

perceptions of farming.

“Young people are usually not interested in this field of work, in large part due to
their perception of farming being antiquated and unprofitable,” said Abukari.

“The image of agriculture traditionally has been more about subsistence; you
produce enough for you to eat. It is not seen as a business,” he said.

Lack of scientific advancements in agricultural field is also one of the main reasons
for youth to not take up agriculture as their occupation.

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