VEHICLE DESIGN

&
CAD
Işık University - AUE 421

Week #8

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Today ?

Automotive Brake Systems

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Disc Brakes

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Disc Brakes

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 Disc Brake Types
CALIPER FIXED SLIDING FIXED

DISK SLIDING FIXED FIXED

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Drum Brakes

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Drum Brakes

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Drum Brakes

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 Disc Brake Types

a) simplex, b) duplex, c) servo, d) duo duplex, e) duo servo

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Simplex and Duplex Design

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Hydraulic Cylinder for Force
Generation (Drum Brake)

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Cam Mechanism for Force
Generation (Drum Brake)

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The Hydraulic Brake System

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 Differential Equation
for Calculating Wheel Speed

Reference: Rajamani, R., Vehicle Dynamics and Control, Springer, 2006.

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Differential Equation of a Rotating Tire
& Longitudinal Tire Slip

j!!wheel =
(M traction - M braking ) - Fx × r - FR × r
J wheel ,equivalent _ powertrain

R0 × j! wheel
S = 1- Tire slip during braking
v
v
S = 1- Tire slip during traction
R0 × j! wheel

R0 : dynamic radius (calculated from the tire circumference)

v : longitudinal velocity of the wheel carrier

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System Principle - Hydraulic Brake System

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Internal Ratio – Disc Brake
UB
C =
*
= µz
SB

UB : Tangential force
SB : Normal force
µ : Friction coefficient
z : Number of friction surfaces

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Internal Ratio – Drum Brake

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System Principle - Hydraulic Brake System

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Master Cylinder

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Master Cylinder + Booster
SERVO
FREN

AR-GE
GE

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Master Cylinder + Booster

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The Brake System

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The Brake Pedal

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System Principle

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System Principle

FP = ( 1/ iP ) ph AA

SBÖ = ph ATÖ , SBA = ph ATA

BÖ = 2 (U/S)Ö SBÖ rBÖ/r,

BA = 2 (U/S)A SBA rBA/r

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 System Principle
B = 2 ph ((U/S)Ö ATÖ rBÖ/r + (U/S)A ATA rBA/r)
B = (2 FP iP/AA) ((U/S)Ö ATÖ rBÖ/r + (U/S)A ATA rBA/r)

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 System Principle

rBÖ = rBA = rB, ATÖ = ATA ve sÖ = sA = s

z = (FP/G).(sP/4s).(rB/r).[(U/S)Ö + (U/S)A]
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Deceleration vs. Brake Pedal Force

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The Air Brake System

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Air Brake Systems

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Air Brake Systems

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System Failure

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Failure – Master Cylinder

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Failure – Brake Fluid Level

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 Brake Circuits - Safety
1 2 3
ˆn arka ˆn arka ˆn arka

4 5
ˆn arka ˆn arka

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