NEURAL NETWORKS AND SOCIAL for storing experimental knowledge and making it
NETWORKS available use.”
Social networks and neural networks are interrelated
concepts because both deal with identifying and tracing
patterns, trends, connection and relations. Social network
looks into the relations of a group of social entities and
any information with regard to each actor including the
relations within the network while neural networks
develop meaning from complex or inaccurate patterns.
Neural networks can be considered as an application of
the social network analysis because neural networks can
be used to effectively identify connections and relations.
It can be utilized to extract patterns and trace trends and
connections that are very complicated for human to
process.
CHARACTERISTICS OF NEURAL NETWORK
Neural Network have three major characteristics. It
processes information like the human brain. It is a
connectional computer system and it has the ability to
learn.
1. Process information like the human brain - Neural
networks process information like the human brain. It is
composed of " a large number of highly interconnected
processing elements (neurons) working in parallel to
solve a specific problem. "
2. "Connectionist" computational system - The
computational systems are procedural. A program starts
at the first line of the code, then executes it, and it goes
on to the next, following instructions in a linear manner.
However, a neutral network does not follow a linear
direction.
3. How the ability to learn - One of the key elements of a
neural network is its ability to learn. A neural network is
not just a composite system but a complex adaptive
system that can alter its internal structure based on the
information flowing through it. Usually, this is done
through the adjustment of weights.
THE BRAIN AND THE NERVOUS SYSTEM AS A
NEURAL NETWORK
Simon Haykin (1999, 2) defines neural network as “A
massively parallel distributed processor made up of
simple processing units, which has a natural propensity
Neural Network can be likened in two ways:
First, knowledge is acquired by the network from its
environment through a learning process.
Second, interneuron connection strengths, known as
synaptic weights, the human brain as a biological neural
network which is made up of a signal. The basic
computing units of the nervous system are called
neurons or nerve cells. The most common of these
classes of cells which are intermixed with neurons in the
central nervous system are the glia or glue cells.
THE PERCEPTRON
The perceptron is invented by Frank Rosenblatt at the
Cornell Aeronautical Laboratory in 1957. A perceptron
is the simplest neural network. It is a computational
model of a single neuron. A perceptron is made up of
one or more inputs, a professor, and a single output. A
perceptron follows the "feed-forward" model.
In this model the inputs are sent into the neuron. Then
they are processed and the result are shown in an output
(Shiftman,2012). In the diagram below, this means the
network or one neuron reads from left to right: inputs
come in: output goes out.
THE DENDRITE AND THE AXON
The basic computing units of the nervous system are
called neurons or nerve cells. In understanding neural
networks, connection is necessary. Each neuron in the
human brain contain hundreds and even thousands of
connections to other neurons whose total number could
reach up to times 1014 or 1015. Neurons are very
sensitive that is way they readily respond to any form of
pressure. this characteristic of the neuron serves as the
basis for a number of sensory receptors.
There are other types of cells in the nervous system. The
most common of these classes of cells which are
intermixed with neurons in the central nervous system
are the glia or glue cells. These cells serve as an
important support function for neurons, both metabolic
and physical, because they form a matrix in which
neurons grow. (Anderson 199,5-6.)