ChE 603 – Chemical Engineering Principles

Refresher Exam 9

1. A 1000-lb pile of mixture of 20% sand and 80% KCl is to be heap leached at constant temperature with 1000 lbs of
a 5% solution of KCl in water. The pile is drained to a moisture content of 1 lb solution per lb dry solids. A second
leach is made with an amount of pure water equal to the weight of drained solids. The remaining solids are drained
and then dried. The solubility at the temperature of the leaching process is 32% KCl. What is the weight of the
drained solids after the first leach?
a. 603 lb b. 1206 lb c. 1397 lb d. 2000 lb
2. From data in #1, what is the weight of the drained dried solids after the second leach?
a. 200 lb b. 253.9 lb c. 400 lb d. 2212 lb
3. From the data in #1, what is the weight percent of KCl in the drained dried solids after the second leach?
a. 21.2% b. 42.3% c. 49.6% d. 55.1%
4. From the data in #1, what is the total weight of the collective drained solutions?
a. 794 lb b. 2012 lb c. 2806 lb d. 4818 lb
5. From the data in #1, what is the percent KCl of the collective drained solution?
a. 71.6% b. 64.5% c. 50.8% d. 28.4%
6. A solid B contains a soluble component A of mass fraction xa = 0.3 and is to be treated to recover A by solvent
extraction with C. Solid B and solvent C are mutually totally insoluble. The extracted solid is to be screw pressed to
a 1 lb of solution per lb of B in the underflow. The entrainment of B in the overflow can be neglected. Calculate the
pounds of solvent C (A-free) that must be fed per pound of A+B feed solid to obtain 90% of the A in the extract
overflow.
a. 6.7 b. 5.1 c. 4.3 d. 3.5
7. From the data in the above problem, calculate the percent A in the extract overflow solution.
a. 4.28% b. 8.95% c. 12.4% d. 16.8%
8. A countercurrent extraction battery is used to extract NaOH from a feed of NaOH and CaCO3 produced by the
causticization of lime, but with 4 lb H2O/ lb CaCO3. The final extract solution is to contain 10% NaOH on recovery
of 98% of the NaOH. The underflow may be assumed constant at 2 lb solution/lb CaCO3. How much wash water is
required?
a. 10.8 lb b. 18.4 lb c. 288 lb d. 504 lb
9. From the data in #8, how many theoretical stages will be required?
a. 3.24 b. 5.44 c. 7.12 d. 9.44
10. From the data in #8, if the operation of the extraction units could be improved so that the underflow contained only
1lb solution/lb CaCO3, how much wash is required?
a. 404 lb b. 524 lb c. 275 lb d. 320 lb
11. From the data in #10, how many stages will be required?
a. 6.55 b. 1.74 c. 4.77 d. 2.14
12. A liquid that has percolated through solid waste and has extracted dissolved or suspended materials from it.
a. Permeate b. leachate c. filtrate d. seepage
13. In leaching, for constant underflow, when the equilibrium curve is linear, the number of ideal stages may be
determined using the
a. Tiller-Tour Equation c. Triangular Diagram Method
b. McCabe-Smith Method d. McCabe-Savarit Equation
14. In liquid extraction, if selectivity is unity, then
a. Solvent flow rate should be very low c. no separation will occur
b. Amount of solvent required will be minimum d. separation is most effective
15. To provide efficient mass transfer, a ________ is often used to provide intimate contact of the two liquid phases.
One phase is usually dispersed into the other in the form of small droplets.
a. Mixer-settler extractor c. pulsed extractor
b. Centrifugal extractor d. packed extraction tower
16. Liquid-liquid extraction is based on the differences in
 a. Solubility b. specific volume c. partial pressure d. viscosity
17. What are the two contacting phases in liquid-liquid extraction?
a. Extract phase and raffinate phase c. solvent phase and solute phase
b. Feed phase and solvent phase d. overflow and underflow
18. What is the main advantage of liquid-liquid extraction over distillation?
a. Flexibility in choice of operating conditions c. recovery of solvent used
b. Efficiency of the method d. none of these
19. The following are properties of a good solvent for extraction except
a. High selectivity c. large distribution coefficient
b. Low viscosity d. low interfacial tension
20. Nicotine has to be extracted with kerosene from a water solution containing 1% nicotine at 20⁰C. Water and
kerosene are essentially immiscible. Equilibrium data: Y [lb nicotine/lb kerosene] = 0.90X [lb nicotine/lb water].
Calculate the percentage extraction of nicotine if 100 kg of feed solution is extracted once with 150 kg solvent.
a. 60% b. 62% c. 57.7% d. 67.7%
21. Benzoic acid is 9 times more soluble in chloroform than in water. The percent benzoic acid that will remain from a
water solution of benzoic acid if equal quantity of chloroform and water is used is
a. 10% b. 20% c. 15% d. 30%
22. Benzoic acid is 9 times more soluble in chloroform than in water. The percent benzoic acid that will remain from a
water solution of benzoic acid if twice as much chloroform as water is used is
a. 2.6% b. 5.3% c. 3.5% d. 6%
23. A solution of 5 percent acetaldehyde in toluene is to be extracted with water in a five stage cross-current unit. If 25
kg water/100 kg feed is used, what is the mass of acetaldehyde extracted? The equilibrium relation is given by: (kg
acetaldehyde/kg water) = 2.20 (kg acetaldehyde/kg toluene).
a. 4.489 kg b. 7.224 kg c. 11.446 kg d. 14.118 kg
24. From the data in #23, what is the percentage of acetaldehyde in the final raffinate?
a. 0.102% b. 0.765% c. 0.312% d. 0.533%
25. From the data in #23, what is the percent recovery of the process?
a. 78% b. 875 c. 95% d. 90%
26. In case of an absorber, the operating line
a. Always lies above the equilibrium curve
b. Always lies below the equilibrium curve
c. Can be either above or below the equilibrium curve
d. Cannot be determined
27. Operating velocity in a packed tower is usually
a. Half the flooding velocity c. twice the flooding velocity
b. Equal to flooding velocity d. more than the flooding velocity
28. At the same gas flow rate, the pressure drop in a packed tower being irrigated with liquid
a. Is lower than that in dry packing c. is greater than that in dry packing
b. Is same as that in dry packing d. cannot be predicted
29. Poor performance in large packed towers is due mainly to
a. Poor packing b. inefficient heat transfer c. cavitation d. channeling
30. In gas absorption, tower packings are used
a. To reinforce the absorption tower due to drag created by the liquid and gas
b. To disseminate the heat generated to maintain isothermal conditions
c. To increase the area of contact between the gas and the liquid
d. To reduce the pressure drop created by the flowing gas
31. It is a unit operation which involves mass transfer of soluble materials from liquid phase to the gas phase.
a. Absorption b. drying c. desorption d. humidification
32. If Kx > Ky, then the controlling phase is
a. The liquid phase b. the gas phase c. the interface d. either (a) or (b)
33. Which is not true at the interface of a gas scrubbing operation?
 a. The solute concentration of the gas is greater than the liquid
b. The solute concentration of both phases are equal
c. The solute concentration of the liquid is less than that of the bulk
d. The solute concentration of the gas is less than that of the bulk
34. In a gas absorption operation, when the operating line crosses the equilibrium curve
a. The NTU is zero c. the liquid flow rate is maximum
b. The gas flow rate is maximum d. the number of stages is infinite
35. In a two-phase mass transfer, equilibrium may exist at the
a. Gas phase b. interface c. liquid phase d. either film
36. For packed column, the main purpose of packing is to
a. Strengthen the column c. increase the surface area
b. Increase the pressure drop in the tower d. reduce the flow rate across the column
37. Air from a solvent plant contains 2% n-pentane. The n-pentane concentration is to be reduced to 0.1% by contacting
gas at 90⁰F and 147 psia, with 6950 lb per hour of absorption oil that contains 0.05% pentane by weight; 1000 ft3 of
the gas measured at 60⁰F and 1atm is handled per hour. The MW of oil is 220. The vapor pressure of pentane at
90⁰F is 532 mmHg. Raoult’s law and Dalton’s law are assumed to be valid at these conditions. Calculate the number
of perfect plates required.
a. 4 b. 6 c. 8 d. 10
38. These supercentrifuges are often used to separate liquid-liquid emulsions.
a. Tubular b. disk bowl c. sparkler d. batch basket
39. These centrifuges are used in concentration of rubber latex and cream separation.
a. Tubular b. disk bowl c. sparkler d. batch basket
40. When the difference in density between the two liquid phases to be separated is very small, the most suitable
separator is
a. Disc bond centrifuge c. Batch basket centrifuge
b. Sharples supercentrifuge d. Sparkler filter
41. Moisture can be removed from lubricating oil using
a. Sparkler filter c. plate and frame filter
b. Tubular centrifuge d. rotary drum vacuum filter
42. If the radius of a basket centrifuge is halved and the rpm is doubled, then the
a. Linear speed of the basket is doubled c. centrifugal force is doubled
b. Linear speed of the basket is halved d. capacity is increased
43. For the separation of sugar solution from settled out mud, we use
a. Sparkler filter c. plate and frame filter
b. Centrifugal filter d. rotary drum vacuum filter
44. Which of the following can be most effectively used for clarification of tube oil and printing ink?
a. Sharples supercentrifuge
b. Sparkler filter
c. Disk bowl centrifuge
d. Precoat filter
45. For separation of small liquid particles or mist from gases, the most widely used type of equipment is
a. Bag filter
b. Electrostatic precipitator
c. Cyclone separator
d. Gravity settler