LESSON 16
REPORTING AND SHARING
THE FINDINGS
 It adheres a certain standard and
format or structure. Made up of
various components reflecting
exhaustive acquisition of
declarative and procedural
knowledge.
Structure or Format of
the Research Report
 Title – gives information and
description of the subject matter of
the research.
 Abstract – concisely discusses the
essential aspects of your paper such
as the background of the problem,
objectives, significance, research
design, data collection, technique,
data analysis method, discussion of
the findings of the salient parts of
the research.
 Introduction – explains the
background of the research
problem, states a set of specific
research questions, and optional
hypothesis or assumptions.
 Method – explains the types and
sources of data as well as the
method you used in collecting and
analyzing the data you have
gathered.
 Findings – present as findings of
your study those that you have
analyzed and commented on.
 Discussion and conclusion – finding
results from thematically or
theoretically gathered and analyzed
data with the capacity of leading you
to a valid conclusion are explained in
this section.
 Recommendation – to broaden the
readers’ knowledge and
understanding of the area covered
by the research, recommend or let
the readers positively consider some
activities they can possible extend,
modify, replicate, or validate
findings of your research work.
 References – follow a standard
documentary style. Alphabetize,
identify, and list down in this
section all sources of knowledge you
used in carrying out your study.
 Appendix – this contains copies of
table, questionnaires, interview
rates, observation, checklist, and
other materials that are
indispensable or necessary in
completing your research study.
Referencing Your
Research
• Means directing your readers to the
exact sources of data or information
stated in your report, particularly
those stated in the review of related
literature.
• There are several types of
referencing your research, namely,
Harvardian, Vancouver, Turibian,
APA, and MLA.
LESSON 16

Educational System. Manila: Abaya

Publishing Co. 2017, pp 78-90)
MLA Style
Example of End Notes
• Stands for Modern Language
Association and it has this other • P. 20 3.89 Fredo Gomez, Language
name. Humanities style. and Culture, in “On Intercultural
Competence,” p.68
• Often used in literature, history, and
arts.

• It provides bibliographic citation in Example of MLA

notes that correspond to reference
number in the body of the paper.
• In using footnotes or notes, you
number the notes consecutively
from number 1 throughout each
chapter or article.
• Notes to charts, tables, and graphs
make use of symbols, letters, and
sometimes numbers.
Referencing Style
• Citation or In-text Citation
• (Lizardo 257)
• Documentary Notes – the same as
the entries in a bibliography or
references, except that, here, the
first name precedes the family name
of the author

• Notes consisting of explanations or • Josie Cruz, G Mt.Pinatubo Quezon

elaborations of the discussions in City: GB Press. 2016.
the text are called substantive or
• Bibliography/ References – One
discursive notes.
Author

• Cruz, Josie A. Mt. Pinatubo Lahar

Example of Discursive (Quezon City: GB Press. 2016.)
Notes
• The CAS of U.P Diliman has a
different version of K-12 Curriculum,
(Jaime Tamayo. Globalization vs K-
12 Curriculum. Quezon City: U.P
Press, 2016, pp. 56-65) Find an
expanded discussion of this in (Luis
Hizon. Changes in the Philippine