Signals & Systems (Sampling)

Sampling

1. A signal x(t) with F.T X(f)  u(f  2 f0 )  u(f  2 f0 ) and f0 =400Hz. it under goes impulse
sampling. What is the Nyquist rate of signal in Hz

2. A signal x(t) is with Nyquist rate ‘ 0 ’. Then what is the Nyquist rate of x(t) cos 0 t is

(a) 0 (b) 20

(c) 30 (d) 40

3. The Nyquist rate of sampling of an analog signal s(t) for an aliasing free reconstruction is
2
5000 samples/rec. For a signal x(t)  s(t) , the corresponding Nyquist rate is
______sample/sec

sin(600 t). sin(800 t)

4. The Nyquist sampling rate for the signal m(t) = is ___________ KHz?
(  t)2

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 Signals & Systems (Sampling)

Solutions
1. Ans: 1600
Solution: fm  2f0  800Hz
(fs )min  2fm  1600Hz

2. Ans: (c)
0
Solution: 2m  0 => m 
2

1 1
FT  x(t)cos 0 t   X(  0 )  X(  0 )
2 2

30
m 
2
s  2m  30

3. Ans: 1000
Solution: Multiplication in time domain result convolution is frequency domain.
Maximum frequency component present is s(t) is 5000 samples/sec. Thus for s2 (t) is will be
2  5000  10000 samples./sec.

4. Ans: 1.40
Solution: Multiplication in time domain becomes convolution in frequency domain, thus
individual frequency will add up.
Thus fnet  f1  f2
f1  300Hz, f2  400Hz
fnet  700Hz
Now sampling frequency fs  2fnet  2  700  1.4KHz

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 Signals & Systems (Sampling)

We recommend you to take the Chapter Test first and then

check the Solutions.

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 Signals & Systems (Sampling)

Chapter Test Solutions

1. Ans: 8
1  cos(8000 t)
Solution: x(t) 
2(  t)2
fm  4KHz
Nyquist rate = (fs )min  2fm  8KHz

2. Ans: (d)
Solution: fm1  300Hz , fm2  320Hz
n=0 0-300,0+ 300,0-320,0+320 = -300, 300, -320, -320
n=1 500-300,500+300,500-320,500+320 = 200,800,180, 820
n=-1 -500-300, -500+300, -500-320, -500+320 = -800,-200,-820,-180
n=2 1000-300, 1000+300, 1000-320, 1000+320 = 700,1300,680,1320
n=-2 -1000-300, -1000+300, -1000-320, -1000+320 = -1300,-700,-1320,-680
Output frequencies are 180,200,300,320

3. Ans: (b)
sin(100 t) 3sin2 (60 t)
Solution: x(t)  
100 t (60 t)2
3
1  cos(120 t)
sin(100t) 2 
x(t)  
100t (60t)2
fm  60Hz

Nyquist rate (fs )min  2fm  120Hz

4. Ans: (a)
Solution: fm1  200 Hz, fm2  320 Hz
fs =400 Hz

n=0 0+200,0-200,0+320,0-320 =200,-200,320,-320

n=1 400+200,400-200,400+320,400-320 =600,200,720,80
n=-1 -400+200,-400-200,-400+320,-400-320 =-200,-600,-80,-720
n=2 800+200,800-200,800+320,800-320 =1000,600,1120,480
n=-2 -800+200,-800-200,-800+320,-800-320 =-400,-1000,-480,-1120
the output frequencies are
80,200,320,400,480

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 Signals & Systems (Sampling)

5. Ans: (d)
Solution: m  0
1 1
Y()   (  20 )   (  20 )
2j 2j
Maximum frequency of Y() is “3 0 ”
Nyquist rate= 2  30  60

6. Ans: (c)
1  
Solution: x  at  
F.T.
 X 
a a

 t  F.T. 1   
y     2Y  2 , y(t) 
F.T.
 Y   , F.T.
y(2 t)    Y  
2 2  2 

So, Maximum band limit for z(t), 2 fm Hz

Nyquist sampling rate fs =2x2 fm =4 fm

7. Ans: 600
Solution: x(t) has frequency max=100kHz
y(t)=x(2t) will have maximum frequency=200kHz

The sampling frequency is 2  300  600 kHz

8. Ans: (b)
Solution: Let x(t) be considered as combination of three signals
i.e. x(t)  x1 (t). x2 (t)  x3 (t)
sin( )
sinc() 


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 Signals & Systems (Sampling)

 t  F.T.   
Arect     ASinc  
  2 
By duality property
 t  F.T.   
ASinc     2Arect  
 2    
For   a2 , A=1

 f  1,   a / 2
Sinc  at  
F.T.
 rect    
 a  0,   a / 2
a
maximum frequency component in Sinc  at  is (Hz)
2
80
fmax of signal sinc(80t) f1   40Hz
2
120
fmax of signal sinc(120t) f2   60Hz
2
1 50
fmax of signal sinc(50t) f3   25Hz
2 2
x1 (t) and x2 (t) are multiplied in time domain, thus their frequencies will add up since there
will be convoluted.
fmax of sinc(80t).sinc(120t) is f1  f2  40  60  100Hz
 fmax of x(t) is fm =maximum f1  f2 , f3 
Then, fs  2fm
fs  2  100  200Hz

9. Ans: 40
Solution: Since output y depends on input, such as no delay, delay by 1 unit, delay by 2 unit.
Delay by 4 unit. So it will sum all the sample after 4Ts (maximum delay), to get one sample of
y[n]
4 4
 t  4Ts    40msec
fs 100

10. Ans: 0.5

Solution: 1.5  1  k  2.5k or 0.5k
LPF has fc  0.8k
only 0.5k will appear at output.

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 Signals & Systems (Sampling)

11. Ans: 900

Solution: Minimum sampling frequency=2  highest frequency
To know highest frequency we can neglect the amplitudes
x1 (t) * x2 (t)  X1 (s)  X 2 (s)
x1 (t)  Sinc3 (300t)  Sinc(300t) * Sinc2(300t)
x1 (t)  Sinc2 (600 t)
Using multiplication theorem

1
x3 (t)  x 4 (t)  X () * X 4 ()
2 3

X(s)  X1 (s)  X 2 (s)

fs=2x450=900 Hz

12. Ans: (c)

Solution:

Hence output frequency will be 20 & 30 KHz

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 Signals & Systems (Sampling)

13. Ans: (a)

Solution: h(t)  e2tu(t)
Ts=0.5 After sampling
h[nTs ]  enu[n]

14. Ans: (c)

Solution: h(t)  e2tu(t)
Ts=0.5 After sampling
h[nTs ]  enu[n]

1
H(z)   enu[n] z n 
 1  e1 z 1

15. Ans: (b)

Solution:

Output=1KHz

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