Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Section A
Bahagian A
[60 marks]
[60 markah]
Answer all questions in this section
Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini
1. Diagram 1.1 shows the structure of a pancreas cell as seen under an electron microscope.
Rajah 1.1menunjukkan struktur satu sel pankreas yang dilihat di bawah mikroskop
elektron.
P
Q: ………………..
S :……………..
R:……………….
Diagram 1/ Rajah1
...............………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark/1markah]
.………………………………………………………..………………………………
[1 mark/1markah]
(b) If structure P is removed from a cell. Explain what would happen to the growth of
the cell.
Jika struktur P dibuang daripada sel. Terangkan apakah yang akan berlaku kepada
tumbesaran sel.
………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………
[2 marks/2 markah]
(c) Give one example of cells which contain abundance of organelle Q. Explain your
answer
Berikan satu contoh sel yang mengandungi banyak organel A. Terangkan jawapan
Anda.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
[2marks /2 markah]
(d) Explain what would happen to the production of insulin if structure R is absent in the
cell of pancreas?
Terangkan apakah yang akan berlaku kepada penghasilan insulin sekiranya struktur
R tiada dalam sel pankreas?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
[3marks /3 markah]
2. Diagram 2.1 shows the movement of molecule X across plasma membrane through structure
Y.
Rajah 2.1 menunjukkan pergerakan molekul X merentasi membran plasma melalui struktur Y.
Y : ………………………………………………………………………………….
Z :………………………………………………………………………….……….
[2 marks / 2 markah ]
An experiment has been carried out on plant cell, S which is soaked in solution T. The result is
shown in Diagram 2.2.
Satu eksperimen telah dijalankan terhadap sel tumbuhan S yang direndam ke dalam larutan T.
Keputusannya ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 2.2
………………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 mark/ 1 markah]
…………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark/ 1 markah]
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
[2 marks/ 2 markah]
(d)(i) Draw the shape of the plant cell after it is soaked in distilled water in the space provided
below.
Lukiskan bentuk sel tumbuhan itu selepas direndam semula dalam air suling pada
ruangan di bawah
[1 mark/ 1 markah]
………………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark/ 1 markah]
(e) The erythrocytes cellare put into distilled water. Explain the phenomenon that occurs to the
cell.
Sel-sel eritrosit di masukkan ke dalam air suling. Terangkan fenomena yang berlaku
Pada sel tersebut.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
[2 marks/ 2 markah]
(f) A farmer sprayed the excess fertiliser to the vegetables in his farm. Explain the effects to
the vegetables.
Seorang petani menyembur baja secara berlebihan pada tanaman sayur-sayurannya.
Terangkan kesan kepada sayur-sayuran tersebut.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
[2 marks/2 markah]
3. Diagram 3.1 shows an animal cell undergoes mitosis at stage X and produce two
daughter cells.
Rajah 3.1 menunjukkan satu sel haiwan yang sedang mitosis pada peringkat X dan
menghasilkan dua sel anak.
Stage X
Stage X
Mitosis
process
Mitosis
process
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 mark/1 markah]
(ii) Draw the chromosomes in daughter cell 1 and daughter cell II produced
through mitosis in Diagram 3.
Lukis kromosom dalam sel anak I dan sel anak II yang dihasilkan melalui
mitosis dalam Rajah 3.
[2 marks/2 markah]
Diagram 3.2
Rajah 3.2
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
[3 marks/ 3markah]
(iii) The knowledge of mitosis through the cloning process has been applied in the
modern orchid industry in Malaysia so that it can be produced in large
quantities and within a short period of time. Due to the needs of the modern
orchid market in Malaysia, suggest techniques that can be used in cloning
process of orchid flowers to produce a large number of modern orchids to meet
the market demand of the modern orchid industry in Malaysia.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
[3 marks/ 3markah]
4. Sazali has blood group A while his wife, Hayani has blood group B. Allele IA and IB
are codominant allele while allele Io is the recessive allele. Diagram 4 shows the
inheritance of blood group of the family.
Sazali mempunyai kumpulan darah A manakala isterinya Hayani mempunyai
kumpulan darah B. Alel IA dan IB adalah alel kodominan manakala alel I0 adalah alel
resesif. Rajah 4 menunjukkan ringkasan pewarisan kumpulan darah bagi keluarga
itu.
Gamete
Gamet
Diagram 4
Rajah 4
(a) (i) Write the parent’s genotype in the spaces provided in Diagram 4.
Tuliskan genotip induk dalam ruang yang disediakan dalam rajah 4.
[2marks/2 markah]
……………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
[3marks/3 markah]
(c) Hayani lost lots of blood during surgery. She needs to undergo blood transfusion from
her husband but Ali is not a compatible donor.
Explain why.
Hayani kehilangan banyak darah semasa pembedahan. Dia memerlukan pemindahan
darah daripada suaminya tetapi Sazali bukan penderma darah yang sesuai.
Terangkan mengapa.
……………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
[3marks/3 markah]
(d) There is a genetic disease caused blood does not clot normally due to the lack of
protein which controlled by sex-linked genes.
Name the genetic disease.
Terdapat sejenis penyakit genetik yang menyebabkan darah tidak membeku secara
normal kerana kekurangan protein yang dikawal oleh gen terangkai seks.
……………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 marks/ 1 markah]
(d)(i) State one type of mineral that is essential for the strength of this vertebra.
Nyatakan satu jenis mineral yang diperlukan untuk menguatkan vertebra ini.
……………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 mark/ 1 markah]
(d)(iii) Suggest one way on how to reduce the risk of this disease.
Cadangkan satu cara bagaimana untuk mengurangkan risiko mendapat
penyakit ini.
…………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark/ 1 markah]
(e) Diagram 5.2 shows two vertebrae in the human spine.
Rajah 5.2 menunjukkan dua jenis vertebra dalam tulang belakang manusia.
Diagram 5.2
Rajah 5.2
State two differences structural for vertebral P and Q
[2 marks/ 2 markah]
Section B
Bahagian B
[40 marks]
[40 markah]
Answer any two questions from this this section
Jawab mana-mana dua soalan daripada bahagian ini
6 (a)Diagram 8.3 shows the hormonal secretion and regulation during the menstrual
cycle of a woman.
Rajah 8.3 menunjukkan perembesan dan pengawalaturan hormon semasa kitar haid
seorand wanita
Ovarian cycle
Kitar ovari
Endometrium wall
Dinding endometrium
1 7 14 21 28 /
Day
Diagram 8.3 Hari
Rajah 8.3
6(b)
Technology in human reproduction has give great contribution to fmily planning.
Contraceptive pills, intrauterine device (IUD) and vasectomy are examples of birth control
methods in family planning.
Teknologi dalam pembiakan manusia telah banyak menyumbang dalam perancangan
keluarga. Pil peancang keuarga, alat intruterus (IUD) dan vasektomi adalah conoh kaedah
pencegahan kehamilan yang digunakan dlam perancangan keluarga.
Explain the advantages of the following birth control methods in family planning
Terangkan kelebihan kaedah pencegahan kehamilan yang berikut dalam perancangan
keluarga.
(i) Contraceptive pill
Pil perancang keluarga
(iii) Vasectomy
Vasektomi
[10 marks/10 markah]
(a) A teenager boy frequently consumes the fast food for a long period of time.
Explain the effects of consuming the above meal for a long period of time compared
to consuming a balanced diet for the same period of time.
Seorang remaja lelaki sering kali mengambil makanan segera dalam tempoh jangka
masa yang panjang.
Terangkan kesan pengambilan makanan di atas dalam tempoh jangka masa yang
panjang berbanding dengan pengambilan diet seimbang.
(b) Two individuals took two different types of meal. Individual X consumed the meal as
shown in Table 1 and individual Y consumed the meal as shown in Table 2.
Dua individu mengambil dua jenis hidangan yang berbeza.Individu X mengambil
hidangan seperti dalam Jadual 1 di atas manakala individu Y mengambil makanan
seperti dalam Jadual 2.
Table 2
Jadual2
Amount of urine produced by individual X and Y is collected after two hours. The
result shows that the amount of urine produced by individual X is less and more
concentrated compared to individual Y.
Jumlah air kencing yang dihasilkan oleh individu X dan Y diambil selepas dua jam.
Hasilnya menunjukkan bahawa jumlah air kencing yang dihasilkan oleh individu X
adalah sedikit dan lebih pekat berbanding dengan individu Y.
8 (a) Diagram 8.1 shows how the respiratory gases are transported in the human body.
Rajah 8.1 menunjukkan bagaimana gas respirasi diangkut dalam badan manusia.
(i) Based on Diagram 8.1, explain how the transport of oxygen and carbon
dioxide takes place in the body cells
Berdasarkan Rajah 8.1, terangkan bagaimanakah pengangkutanoksigen dan
karbon dioksida berlaku di dalam sel-sel badan.
[6 marks/6 markah]
(b) Emphysema is a condition that can cause a person with shortness of breath. For
individuals with emphysema, their alveolus has been destroyed. Based on the diagram,
explain what happens to the alveolus with emphysema and elaborate the factors that can
cause emphysema.
Emfisema ialah suatu keadaan peparu yang boleh mengakibatkan seseoraang itu sesak nafas.
Bagi individu yang menghidap emfisema, alveolus mereka telah musnah. Berdasarkan rajah,
terangkan apakah yang berlaku kepada alveolus dengan emfisema dan huraikan faktor yang
boleh menyebabkan emfisema.
9(a) Diagram 9.2 shows the relationship between concentration of carbon dioxide and the
global temperature.
Rajah 9.2 menunjukkan hubungan antara kepekatan gas karbon dioksida dan suhu
global.
(i) Explain the causes which contribute to the increasing of carbon dioxide
concentration in the atmosphere and its effects to the environment.
Terangkan sebab-sebab yang menyumbang kepada peningkatan kepekatan karbon
dioksida dalam atmosfera dan kesan-kesannya ke atas alam sekitar.
[5 marks/5 markah]
Rajah 9.3
(ii) Based on the Diagram 9.3, explain the impact of ozone depletion and global
warming to the ecosystem.
Berdasarkan Rajah 9.3, terangkan kesan penipisan lapisan ozon dan pemanasan
global kepada ekosistem.
[5 marks /5 markah]