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JYOTHISHMATHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & SCIENCE
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
Topics Beyond Syllabus
Design of the 11011 Sequence Detector

Design of Sequential Circuits
We now do the 11011 sequence detector as an example. We begin with the formal
problem statement, repeat the design rules, and then apply them.
A sequence detector accepts as input a string of bits: either 0 or 1. Its output goes to 1
when a target sequence has been detected. There are two basic types: overlap and non-
overlap. In a sequence detector that allows overlap, the final bits of one sequence can be
the start of another sequence. Our example will be a 11011 sequence detector. It raises
an output of 1 when the last 5 binary bits received are 11011. At this point, a detector
with overlap will allow the last two 1 bits to serve at the first of a next sequence. By
example we show the difference between the two detectors. Suppose an input string
11011011011.
11011 detector with overlap X 11011011011

Z 00001001001
11011 detector with no overlap Z 00001000001
The sequence detector with no overlap allowed resets itself to the start state when the
sequence has been detected. Write the input sequence as 11011 011011. After the initial
sequence 11011 has been detected, the detector with no overlap resets and starts searching
for the initial 1 of the next sequence. The detector with overlap allowed begins with the
final 11 of the previous sequence as ready to be applied as the first 11 of the next
sequence; the next bit it is looking for is the 0.
Here is an overview of the design procedure for a sequential circuit.

1) Derive the state diagram and state table for the circuit.
2) Count the number of states in the state diagram (call it N) and calculate the
number of flip-flops needed (call it P) by solving the equation
2P-1< N  2P. This is best solved by guessing the value of P.
3) Assign a unique P-bit binary number (state vector) to each state.
Often, the first state = 0, the next state = 1, etc.
4) Derive the state transition table and the output table.
5) Separate the state transition table into P tables, one for each flip-flop.
WARNING: Things can get messy here; neatness counts.
6) Decide on the types of flip-flops to use. When in doubt, use all JK’s.
7) Derive the input table for each flip-flop using the excitation tables for the type.
8) Derive the input equations for each flip-flop based as functions of the input
and current state of all flip-flops.
9) Summarize the equations by writing them in one place.
10) Draw the circuit diagram. Most homework assignments will not go this far,
as the circuit diagrams are hard to draw neatly.
Problem: Design a 11011 sequence detector using JK flip-flops. Allow overlap.
Step 1 – Derive the State Diagram and State Table for the Problem
The method to be used for deriving the state diagram depends on the problem. I show the method for a sequence
detector. At this point in the problem, the states are usually labeled by a letter, with the initial state being labeled
“A”, etc.
Step 1a – Determine the Number of States

It can be proven that an N-bit sequence detector requires at least N states to function correctly. It can also be shown
that a circuit with more than N states is unnecessarily complicated and a waste of hardware; thus, an N-bit sequence
detector has N states.
We are designing a sequence detector for a 5-bit sequence, so we need 5 states. We label these states A, B, C, D,
and E. State A is the initial state.
Step 1b – Characterize Each State by What has been Input and What is Expected
State Has Awaiting
A -- 11011
B 1 1011
C 11 011
D 110 11
E 1101 1
Step 1c – Do the Transitions for the Expected Sequence

Here is a partial drawing of the state diagram. It has only the sequence expected. Note that the diagram returns to
state C after a successful detection; the final 11 are used again.
Note the labeling of the transitions: X / Z. Thus

B the expected transition from A to B has an input
1/0 of 1 and an output of 0.
1/0
The transition from E to C has an output of 1
A C denoting that the desired sequence has been
detected.
1/1 0/0
E D
1/0
Step 1d – Insert the Inputs That Break the Sequence
Each state has two lines out of it –

one line for a 1 and another line for
a 0.
The notes below explain how to

handle the bits that break the
sequence.
A State A is the initial state. It is

waiting on a 1. If it gets a 0, the
machine remains
in state A and continues to
remain there while 0’s are input.
B If state B gets a 0, the last two
bits input were “10”. This does not begin the
sequence, so the machine goes back to state A and waits on the next 1.
C If state C gets a 1, the last three bits input were “111”. It can use the last two
of these 1’s to be the first two 1’s of the sequence 11011, so the machine stays
in state C awaiting a 0. We might have something like 1111011, etc.
D If state D gets a 0, the last four bits input were 1100. These 4 bits are not part of
the sequence, so we start over.
E If state E gets a 0, the last five bits input were 11010. These five bits are not part of the
sequence, so start over.
More precisely we should be discussing prefixes and suffixes. At state C with input 111, the two bit suffix to the
sequence input is 11 which is a two bit prefix of the desired sequence, so we stay at C. At E, getting a sequence
11010, we note that the 1–bit suffix is a 0, which is not a prefix of the desired sequence; the 2–bit suffix is 10, also
not a prefix, etc.
Step 1e – Generate the State Table with Output
PresentState NextState / Output

X=0 X=1
A A/0 B/0
B A/0 C/0
C D/0 C/0
D A/0 E/0
E A/0 C/1
Information related to the main websites to that students are advised to visit
1. https://nptel.ac.in/courses
2. https://www.btechguru.com
3. https://www.nptel.ac.in
4. https://www.cs.nmt.edu
Power point Presentations
SR Latch with Enable (SR Flip-Flop)

Flip Flop
It is a type of logic circuit
whose output depends not
A basic sequential circuit is a flip-flop only on the present input
Flip-flop has two stable states of output values signals but on the sequence
of past inputs. SR Latch (NAND version)
SR Latch
0 S’ S’ R’ Q Q’
Q 1 • TheS and R inputs only effect the output states when the enable
0 0
0 1
input C is high.
1 0 Set ◦ This controls when the latch responds to its inputs.
1 0
1 R’
Q’ 0 • The latch holds (stores) its value while the enable input is low —
1 1
latches it!
X Y NAND • Any changes in the inputs during the time when enable is high will
00 1 affect the output immediately: the circuit is said to be transparent.
01 1 • This circuit still has a major problem: the stored value is indeterminate
10 1 if S = R = 1 when the clock goes low
11 0
D Flip-Flop
D C Qn Qn+1 description D Q
0 0 0
Clear
0 1 0 (reset) JK Flip-Flop BCD-to-Excess-3 Code converter
1 0 1 Q J K Qn Qn+1 description
J Q  BCD is a code for the decimal digits 0-9
Set 0 0 0 0 hold
1 1 1
0 0 1 1  Excess-3 is also a code for the decimal
input output output 0 1 0 0 clear (reset) digits
at before after Qn+1 = D 0 1 1 0
K Q
clock clock clock 1 0 0 1 set
A D flip-flop simply stores the value on its D input at the clock transition. 1 0 1 1 Qn+1 = J Qn + K Qn
1 1 0 1 toggle
The previous value stored, Qn, has no effect, unlike other flip-flops.
1 1 1 0
It therefore acts as a simple memory or ‘latch’.
The excitation table for a JK flip-flop is similar to SR flip-flop but doesn’t have the
The most widely used flip-flops: simple to build and design with. problem of S = R = 1. It can perform all the operations of the simpler types of flip-flop.
However, the design of the circuit internal to the flip-flop makes it more expensive to
A register comprises several D flip-flops, one for each bit to be stored. manufacture than a number of other flip-flops so JK flip-flops are now rarely used. 9/15/09 - L12 Combinational Copyright 2009 - Joanne DeGroat, ECE,
Logic Design OSU 6
Sequential Circuits
Create the digital circuit Example (continued)
Circuits that we Information Storing
have learned Circuits  Boolean equations
 Implementing the so far for the functions: x
second set of ◦ A(t+1) = A(t)x(t)
D Q A
equations where + B(t)x(t) Next State

C Q A’
T=C+D results ◦ B(t+1) = A’(t)x(t)

in a lower gate ◦ y(t) = x’(t)(B(t) + A(t)) D Q B
count. CP C Q'
 This gate has a y

fanout of 3 Timed “States” Output
9/15/09 - L12 Combinational Copyright 2009 - Joanne DeGroat, ECE, PJF PJF
Logic Design OSU 17 2020/1/2 Sequential Circuits -2 2020/1/2 Sequential Circuits -9
Example: State Diagram

x=0/y=0 x=0/y=1 x=1/y=0
State Diagrams
 Diagram gets
 The sequential circuit function can be represented in
confusing for AB graphical form as a state diagram with the following
large circuits 00 x=0/y=1 1 0 components:
 For small circuits, x=1/y=0 ◦ A circle with the state name in it for each state
usually easier to x=1/y=0
◦ A directed arc from the Present State to the Next State for each
state transition
understand than x=0/y=1 ◦ A label on each directed arc with the Input values which causes
the state table the state transition, and
11 ◦ A label:
01
 On each circle with the output value produced, or
x=1/y=0
 On each directed arc with the output value produced.
PJF PJF
2020/1/2 Sequential Circuits - 13 2020/1/2 Sequential Circuits - 12
Contents
1. Programme Educational Objectives (PEOs)

2. Programme Outcomes (POs)
3. Course Objectives
4. Course Outcomes & Mapping with POs & PSOs
5. Syllabus Prescribed by University
6. Lesson Plan/Lecture Schedule with methodology being used / adopted
7. Question Bank
8. University question papers of present and previous two years
9. GATE Questions
10. Unit Wise Assignment Questions
11. Tutorial Questions
12. Seminar Topics
13. Academic Calendar
14. Departmental Time Table
15. Individual Time Table
16. Mid Question Papers with Scheme of Evaluation
17. Marks List
18. Information Related to the slow Learners and Remedial Classes Planning & Improvements
19. Attendance Register
20. Results Analysis Information
21. Lecture Notes/Handouts and additional material.
22. Power point Presentations
23. Topics Beyond Syllabus
24. Information related to the main websites to that students are advised to visit
25. Class Test & Sample copies with award list
26. Sample Copies of Assignment sheets Conducted & evaluated
27. Evaluated Sample copies of answer booklets.
28. CO attainments
PSOs - ECE
PSO1: Analysis and design of electronic circuits and Communication systems to enhance the quality of human life
PSO2: Development of innovative and environment-conscious technologies to sustain human life
Course Objectives:
 To understand basic number systems, codes and logical gates.
 To understand the concepts of Boolean algebra.
 To understand the use of minimization logic to solve the Boolean logic expressions..
 To understand the design of combinational and sequential circuits.
 To understand the state reduction methods for Sequential circuits.
 To understand the basics of various types of memories.
Course Outcomes:
CO 1: Able to understand number systems and codes.
CO 2: Able to solve Boolean expressions using Minimization methods.
CO 3: Able to design combinational circuits.
CO 4: Able to design the sequential circuits.
CO 5: Able to apply state reduction methods to solve sequential circuits.
CO 6: Student will understand and design the memory organization.
Mapping of Course Outcomes with Program Outcomes:

Name of the Subject: DIGIATL LOGIC DESIGN
Regulation: R-16
CO a b c d e f g h i j k l Pso Pso
1 2
A30401.1 3 2 1 1
A30401.2 2 2 2 1 2
A30401.3 2 2 3 2 2 1
A30401.4 2 2 3 2 2 1
A30401.5 3 3 2 2 1
A30401.6 1 3 2 2 1

(Approved by AICTE, New Delhi & Affiliated to JNTUH)
LESSION PLAN FOR THE DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
SUBJECT: DIGITAL LOGIC DESIGN
NAME OF THE FACULTY: S. MANOJ YEAR / SEMESTER: II - I CSE-A
Method of Teaching
No.
UnitNo
S.no.
Topic SubTopic of
Hours
Chalk &
1 1 Digital Systems Introduction 1 Talk
Chalk &
2 1 Digital Systems Binary Numbers 1 Talk
Number base conversions, Chalk &
3 1 Digital Systems
Octal,Hexadecimal
1 Talk
4 1 Digital Systems other base numbers , complements 1 SEMINARS
Chalk &
5 1 Digital Systems signed binary numbers 1 Talk
Chalk &
6 1 Digital Systems Floating point number representation 1 Talk
binary codes,Error detection and Chalk &
7 1 Digital Systems
correction
1 Talk
Chalk &
8 1 Digital Systems binary storage and registers,binary logic 1 Talk
Chalk &
9 1 Digital Systems Boolean algebra and logic 1 Talk
Basic theorems and properties of Boolean Chalk &
10 1 Digital Systems
Algebra
1 Talk
Chalk &
11 1 Digital Systems Boolean functions 1 Talk
canonical and standard forms,Digital Logic Chalk &
12 1 Digital Systems
Gates
1 Talk
Chalk &
13 1 Digital Systems Assignment ,Revision & Test 1 Talk
Chalk &
14 2 Gate–Level Minimization The K-Map Method 1 Talk
Chalk &
15 2 Gate–Level Minimization Three-Variable Map 1 Talk
Chalk &
16 2 Gate–Level Minimization Four-Variable Map 1 Talk
Chalk &
17 2 Gate–Level Minimization Five-Variable Map 1 Talk
Chalk &
18 2 Gate–Level Minimization sum of products 1 Talk
PROBLEM
19 2 Gate–Level Minimization product of sums simplification 1 SOLVING
Chalk &
20 2 Gate–Level Minimization Don’t care conditions 1 Talk
Chalk &
21 2 Gate–Level Minimization NAND and NOR implementation 1 Talk
Chalk &
22 2 Gate–Level Minimization other two level implementations 1 Talk
Chalk &
23 2 Gate–Level Minimization Exclusive-OR function 1 Talk
Chalk &
24 2 Gate–Level Minimization Assignment ,Revision & Test 1 Talk
Chalk &
25 3 Combinational Circuits Analysis procedure 1 Talk
Chalk &
26 3 Combinational Circuits Design procedure 1 Talk
combinational circuit for different code
27 3 Combinational Circuits
converters
1 PPT
Chalk &
28 3 Combinational Circuits Binary adder ,subtractor 1 Talk
Chalk &
29 3 Combinational Circuits Decimal adder 1 Talk
Chalk &
30 3 Combinational Circuits Binary multiplier 1 Talk
Chalk &
31 3 Combinational Circuits Magnitude Comparator 1 Talk
32 3 Combinational Circuits Decoders encoders 1 SEMINARS
33 3 Combinational Circuits multiplexers 1 SEMINARS
Chalk &
34 3 Combinational Circuits demultiplexers 1 Talk
Chalk &
35 3 Combinational Circuits Assignment ,Revision & Test 1 Talk
Synchronous Sequential
36 4
Circuits
Latches, Flip-flops 1 PPT
Synchronous Sequential
37 4
Circuits
analysis of clocked sequential circuits 1 PPT
Synchronous Sequential Chalk &

38 4
Circuits
Registers,Shift registers 1 Talk
39 4
Circuits
Ripple counters 1 Talk
40 4
Circuits
Synchronous counters 1 Talk
41 4
Circuits
other counters 1 Talk
Asynchronous Sequential Chalk &
42 4
Circuits
Analysis procedure 1 Talk
43 4
Circuits
Circuits with latches 1 Talk
Asynchronous Sequential Design procedure, Reduction of state and Chalk &
44 4
Circuits follow tables
1 Talk
45 4
Circuits
Race- free state assignment 1 Talk
46 4
Circuits
Hazards 1 Talk
47 4
Circuits
Assignment ,Revision & Test 1 Talk
Chalk &
48 5 Memory Introduction 1 Talk
Chalk &
49 5 Memory Random-Access memory 1 Talk
Chalk &
50 5 Memory Memory decoding,ROM 1 Talk
GROUP
51 5 Memory Programmable Logic Array,PAL 1 DISCUSSION
Chalk &
52 5 Memory Sequential programmable devices 1 Talk
Register Transfer and Chalk &
53 5
Microoperations
Register Transfer Language 1 Talk
Register Transfer and Register Transfer,Bus and Memory GROUP
54 5
Microoperations Transfers
1 DISCUSSION

55 5
Microoperations
Arithmetic Microoperations 1 Talk
56 5
Microoperations
Logic Microoperations, 1 Talk
57 5
Microoperations
Shift Microoperations 1 Talk
58 5
Microoperations
Arithmetic Logic Shift Unit. 1 Talk
59 5
Microoperations
Assignment ,Revision & Test 1 Talk
60
Microoperations
Revision & Test 1 Talk
GATE
1. X = 01110 and Y = 11001 are two 5-bit binary numbers represented in two’s complement format. The sum
of X and Y represen... ------------ GATE ECE 2007
2. The range of signed decimal numbers that can be represented by 6-bite 1’s complement number is ------
------ GATE ECE 2004
3. A new Binary Coded Pentary (BCP) number system is proposed in which every digit of a base-5 number is
represented by its... GATE ECE 2006
4. For an n - variable Boolean function maximum number of prime implicants is GATE ECE 2014 Set 2
5. Two 2' s complement numbers having sign bits x and y added and the sign bit of the result is z. Then, the
occurrence of overflow is indicated by the Boolean function. GATE ECE 1998
6. The number of Boolean functions that can be generated by n variable is equal to: GATE ECE 1990
7. The minimum number of 2-input NAND gates required to implement a 2-input XOR gate is GATE ECE
2016 Set 3
8. In a half-subtractor circuit with X and Y as inputs, the Borrow (M) and Difference (N = X - Y) are given by
GATE ECE 2014 Set 2
9. In the latch circuit shown, the NAND gates have non-zero, but unequal propagation delays. The present
input condition is: P = Q = "0‟. If the input condition is changed simultaneously to P = Q = "1", the outputs
X and Y are
Unit Wise Assignment Questions

UNIT-I ASSIGNMENT-1
Assignment Questions
1. Convert the following to require form. ( Applying)
i) (163.789)10 = ( )8
ii) (1011011101)2 = ( )8
iii) (292)16 = ( )2
3. Explain about r’s complement and r-1’s complement with example. (Understand)
4.Explain About Binary,octal,decimal,Hexadecimal Number Systems. (Understand)
UNIT-II ASSIGNMENT-2
1. Implement the following Boolean function. ( Applying)
F(A,B,C,D)=∑(0,1,2,9,11) + d(8,10,14,15)
2. Convert BCD to Ex -3 code . ( Applying)
3. Obtain the minimal POS expression for the Boolean function. ( Applying)
F(A,B,CD) = ∏(0,1,2,3,4,6,9,10) + d(7,11,13,15)
UNIT-III ASSIGNMENT-3
1. Draw the circuit of a Full adder using two Half adders and OR gate. .( Applying)
2. Draw the circuit diagram of adder - Subtractor for 4-bit and explain operation. .( Applying)
3. Design a 4-bit carry look ahead adder circuit.( Applying)
UNIT-IV ASSIGNMENT-4
1. Draw the circuit diagram of J-K flip flop with NAND gates with positive edge triggering and explain its
operation with the help of truth table. How race around condition is eliminated? ( Applying)
2. Distinguish between synchronous and asynchronous sequential circuits and explain latches, flip-
flops.(Analysing)
3. Explain master slave flip-flop. (Understand)
4. Explain all Flip Flops. (Understand)
UNIT-V ASSIGNMENT-5
1. Explain about RAM & ROM. (Understand)
2. Implement PLA with example. ( Applying)
3. Explain about sequential programmable devices. (Understand)
SEMINARS BY STUDENTS
Year, Branch, Name of the students/Hall Seminar

S.No. Subject
sem Section ticket No. Topics
Number
II Convertions
17271A0505/M.CHETHANA.
1 B.TECH CSE-A DLD (binary,octal,
17271A0520/P.NAVYASRI
ISEM decimal,
hexadecimal)
II
2 B.TECH CSE-A DLD 17271A0526/CH.RAGAMAI Multiplexers
ISEM
II
3 B.TECH CSE-A DLD 17271A0545/D.SNIGDHA Decoders
ISEM
Type of
Branch, Name of the
S.No. Year, sem Subject Lecture/ Topic ICT(PPT/NPTEL/GOOGLE
Section teacher
CLASS)
II Combinational
1 B.TECH CSE-A DLD S.MANOJ Circuits for code PPT
ISEM converters
II
2 B.TECH CSE-A DLD S.MANOJ Flip-flops PPT
ISEM
II
3 B.TECH CSE-A DLD S.MANOJ Sequential Circuits PPT
ISEM
SR Latch with Enable (SR Flip-Flop)

Flip Flop
It is a type of logic circuit
whose output depends not
A basic sequential circuit is a flip-flop only on the present input
Flip-flop has two stable states of output values signals but on the sequence
of past inputs. SR Latch (NAND version)
SR Latch
0 S’ S’ R’ Q Q’
Q 1 • TheS and R inputs only effect the output states when the enable
0 0
0 1
input C is high.
1 0 Set ◦ This controls when the latch responds to its inputs.
1 0
1 R’
Q’ 0 • The latch holds (stores) its value while the enable input is low —
1 1
latches it!
X Y NAND • Any changes in the inputs during the time when enable is high will
00 1 affect the output immediately: the circuit is said to be transparent.
01 1 • This circuit still has a major problem: the stored value is indeterminate
10 1 if S = R = 1 when the clock goes low
11 0
D Flip-Flop
D C Qn Qn+1 description D Q
0 0 0
Clear
0 1 0 (reset) JK Flip-Flop BCD-to-Excess-3 Code converter
1 0 1 Q J K Qn Qn+1 description
J Q  BCD is a code for the decimal digits 0-9
Set 0 0 0 0 hold
1 1 1
0 0 1 1  Excess-3 is also a code for the decimal
input output output 0 1 0 0 clear (reset) digits
at before after Qn+1 = D 0 1 1 0
K Q
clock clock clock 1 0 0 1 set
A D flip-flop simply stores the value on its D input at the clock transition. 1 0 1 1 Qn+1 = J Qn + K Qn
1 1 0 1 toggle
The previous value stored, Qn, has no effect, unlike other flip-flops.
1 1 1 0
It therefore acts as a simple memory or ‘latch’.
The excitation table for a JK flip-flop is similar to SR flip-flop but doesn’t have the
The most widely used flip-flops: simple to build and design with. problem of S = R = 1. It can perform all the operations of the simpler types of flip-flop.
However, the design of the circuit internal to the flip-flop makes it more expensive to
A register comprises several D flip-flops, one for each bit to be stored. manufacture than a number of other flip-flops so JK flip-flops are now rarely used. 9/15/09 - L12 Combinational Copyright 2009 - Joanne DeGroat, ECE,
Logic Design OSU 6
Sequential Circuits
Create the digital circuit Example (continued)
Circuits that we Information Storing
have learned Circuits  Boolean equations
 Implementing the so far for the functions: x
second set of ◦ A(t+1) = A(t)x(t)
D Q A
equations where + B(t)x(t) Next State

C Q A’
T=C+D results ◦ B(t+1) = A’(t)x(t)

in a lower gate ◦ y(t) = x’(t)(B(t) + A(t)) D Q B
count. CP C Q'
 This gate has a y

fanout of 3 Timed “States” Output
9/15/09 - L12 Combinational Copyright 2009 - Joanne DeGroat, ECE, PJF PJF
Logic Design OSU 17 2020/1/2 Sequential Circuits -2 2020/1/2 Sequential Circuits -9
Example: State Diagram

x=0/y=0 x=0/y=1 x=1/y=0
State Diagrams
 Diagram gets
 The sequential circuit function can be represented in
confusing for AB graphical form as a state diagram with the following
large circuits 00 x=0/y=1 1 0 components:
 For small circuits, x=1/y=0 ◦ A circle with the state name in it for each state
usually easier to x=1/y=0
◦ A directed arc from the Present State to the Next State for each
state transition
understand than x=0/y=1 ◦ A label on each directed arc with the Input values which causes
the state table the state transition, and
11 ◦ A label:
01
 On each circle with the output value produced, or
x=1/y=0
 On each directed arc with the output value produced.
PJF PJF
2020/1/2 Sequential Circuits - 13 2020/1/2 Sequential Circuits - 12
Academic Time Table

Information Related to the slow Learners

and Remedial Classes Planning.
SLOW LEARNERS
The Slow learners are identified by following the normal procedures adopted in the Department and also
with my observation. The following students are identified in this class and remedial measures are being taken up
for them.
S.No. Hall Ticket Student Name

Number
MID-1 MID-II
1 17271A0520 P.Navya sri 5 23
2 17271A0559 K.Vijay 14 14
Remedial Schedule
REMEDIAL CLASSES SCHEDULE FOR SLOW LEARNERS
Academic Year: 2018-2019 Class/Sem: II-I CSE-A
Name of The Faculty: S.MANOJ

Subject: DIGITAL LOGIC DESIGN
(AFTER I-MID EXAM)
DATE
Information related to the main websites to that students are advised to visit
Contents

7. Question Bank
9. GATE Questions
12. Seminar Topics
17. Marks List
28. CO attainments
Contents

7. Question Bank
9. GATE Questions
12. Seminar Topics
17. Marks List
28. CO attainments
PSOs - ECE
PSO1: Analysis and design of electronic circuits and Communication systems to enhance the quality of human life
PSO2: Development of innovative and environment-conscious technologies to sustain human life
Programme Educational Objectives (PEOs)

PEO1- Fundamental Knowledge: To provide the learners with fundamental knowledge of applied mathematics,
applied sciences and basic engineering subjects to analyze and solve the problems in Electronics & Communication
Engineering and its allied fields
PEO2 - Core Competence: To prepare the learners professionally deft and intellectually adept in the Core areas of
Electronics & Communication Engineering
PEO3 – Breadth: To nurture the learners with breadth subjects knowledge and competence in the areas computers,
electrical & management by understanding the value of efficient design and development of solutions with
multidisciplinary approach catering to the real time requirements
PEO4 – Professionalism: To inculcate the learners with advanced subjects knowledge, professional practice,
entrepreneurial skills, team work, leadership, project management, personal and professional growth with ethics and
character in developing effective communication, interpersonal and multidisciplinary skills
PEO5 - Learning Environment: To prepare the learners for higher education, innovative ECE program specific
areas of global technological appliances, research and service attitude by providing advanced methods of teaching
and learning with effective communication & lifelong learning skills.
PROGRAM OUTCOMES
PO1. Engineering knowledge: Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science, engineering fundamentals, and an
engineering specialization to the solution of complex engineering problems.
PO2. Problem analysis: Identify, formulate, research literature, and analyze complex engineering problems
reaching substantiated conclusions using first principles of mathematics, natural sciences, and engineering sciences.
PO3. Design/development of solutions: Design solutions for complex engineering problems and design system
components or processes that meet the specified needs with appropriate consideration for the public health and
safety, and the cultural, societal, and environmental considerations.
PO4. Conduct investigations of complex problems: Use research-based knowledge and research methods
including design of experiments, analysis and interpretation of data, and synthesis of the information to provide
valid conclusions.
PO5. Modern tool usage: Create, select, and apply appropriate techniques, resources, and modern engineering and
IT tools including prediction and modeling to complex engineering activities with an understanding of the
limitations.
PO6. The engineer and society: Apply reasoning informed by the contextual knowledge to assess societal, health,
safety, legal and cultural issues and the consequent responsibilities relevant to the professional engineering practice.
PO7. Environment and sustainability: Understand the impact of the professional engineering solutions in societal
and environmental contexts, and demonstrate the knowledge of, and need for sustainable development.
PO8. Ethics: Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and responsibilities and norms of the
engineering practice.
PO9. Individual and team work: Function effectively as an individual, and as a member or leader in diverse teams,
and in multidisciplinary settings.
PO10. Communication: Communicate effectively on complex engineering activities with the engineering
community and with society at large, such as, being able to comprehend and write effective reports and design
documentation, make effective presentations, and give and receive clear instructions.
PO11. Project management and finance: Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the engineering and
management principles and apply these to one’s own work, as a member and leader in a team, to manage projects
and in multidisciplinary environments.
PO12. Life-long learning: Recognize the need for, and have the preparation and ability to engage in independent
and life-long learning in the broadest context of technological change.
SYLLABUS
UNIT I: Basics of Radar: Introduction, Maximum Unambiguous Range, simple form of Radar Equation, Radar
Block Diagram and Operation, Radar Frequencies and Applications. Prediction of Range Performance, Minimum
Detectable Signal, Receiver Noise, Modified Radar Range Equation, Illustrative Problems.
Radar Equation: SNR, Envelope Detector-False Alarm time and Probability, Integration of Radar Pulses, Radar
cross section of Targets (simple targets- sphere, cone-sphere), Transmitter power, PRF and Range Ambiguities,
System Losses (qualitative treatment), Illustrative Problems
UNIT II: CW and Frequency Modulated Radar: Doppler Effect, CW Radar - Block Diagram, Isolation between
Transmitter and Receiver, Non-zero IF Receiver, Receiver Bandwidth Requirements, Applications of CW radar.
Illustrative Problems.
FM-CW Radar, Range and Doppler Measurement, Block Diagram and Characteristics, (Approaching/ Receding
Targets), FM-CW altimeter, Multiple Frequency CW Radar.
UNIT III: MTI and Pulse Doppler Radar: Introduction, Principle, MTI Radar with - Power Amplifier
Transmitter and Power Oscillator Transmitter, Delay Line Cancellers - Filter characteristics, Blind Speeds, Double
Cancellation, Staggered PRFs. Range Gated Doppler Filters.MTI Radar Parameters, Limitations to MTI
Performance, MTI versus Pulse Doppler Radar.
UNIT IV: Tracking Radar: Tracking with Radar, Sequential Lobing, Conical Scan, Monopulse Tracking Radar -
Amplitude Comparison Monopulse (one- and two- coordinates), Phase Comparison Monopulse, Tracking in Range,
Acquisition and Scanning Patterns. Comparison of Trackers.
UNIT V: Detection of Radar Signals in Noise: Introduction, Matched Filter Receiver - Response Characteristics
and Derivation, Correlation Function and Cross-correlation Receiver, Efficiency of Non-matched Filters, Matched
Filter with Non-white Noise.
Radar Receivers: Noise Figure and Noise Temperature. Displays - types. Duplexers - Branch type and Balanced
type, Circulators as Duplexers. Introduction to Phased Array Antennas - Basic Concepts, Radiation Pattern, Beam
Steering and Beam Width changes, Applications, Advantages and Limitations.
SYLLABUS
UNIT I: Basics of Radar: Introduction, Maximum Unambiguous Range, simple form of Radar Equation, Radar
Block Diagram and Operation, Radar Frequencies and Applications. Prediction of Range Performance, Minimum
Detectable Signal, Receiver Noise, Modified Radar Range Equation, Illustrative Problems.
Radar Equation: SNR, Envelope Detector-False Alarm time and Probability, Integration of Radar Pulses, Radar
cross section of Targets (simple targets- sphere, cone-sphere), Transmitter power, PRF and Range Ambiguities,
System Losses (qualitative treatment), Illustrative Problems
UNIT II: CW and Frequency Modulated Radar: Doppler Effect, CW Radar - Block Diagram, Isolation between
Transmitter and Receiver, Non-zero IF Receiver, Receiver Bandwidth Requirements, Applications of CW radar.
Illustrative Problems.
FM-CW Radar, Range and Doppler Measurement, Block Diagram and Characteristics, (Approaching/ Receding
Targets), FM-CW altimeter, Multiple Frequency CW Radar.
UNIT III: MTI and Pulse Doppler Radar: Introduction, Principle, MTI Radar with - Power Amplifier
Transmitter and Power Oscillator Transmitter, Delay Line Cancellers - Filter characteristics, Blind Speeds, Double
Cancellation, Staggered PRFs. Range Gated Doppler Filters.MTI Radar Parameters, Limitations to MTI
Performance, MTI versus Pulse Doppler Radar.
UNIT IV: Tracking Radar: Tracking with Radar, Sequential Lobing, Conical Scan, Monopulse Tracking Radar -
Amplitude Comparison Monopulse (one- and two- coordinates), Phase Comparison Monopulse, Tracking in Range,
Acquisition and Scanning Patterns. Comparison of Trackers.
UNIT V: Detection of Radar Signals in Noise: Introduction, Matched Filter Receiver - Response Characteristics
and Derivation, Correlation Function and Cross-correlation Receiver, Efficiency of Non-matched Filters, Matched
Filter with Non-white Noise.
Radar Receivers: Noise Figure and Noise Temperature. Displays - types. Duplexers - Branch type and Balanced
type, Circulators as Duplexers. Introduction to Phased Array Antennas - Basic Concepts, Radiation Pattern, Beam
Steering and Beam Width changes, Applications, Advantages and Limitations.
Type of
Branch, Name of the
S.No. Year, sem Subject Lecture/ Topic ICT(PPT/NPTEL/GOOGLE
Section teacher
CLASS)
IV
1 B.Tech II ECE-B RS S.MANOJ MTI RADAR PPT
Sem
IV
2 B.Tech II ECE-B RS S.MANOJ CONICAL SCAN PPT
Sem
IV AMPLITUDE
3 B.Tech II ECE-B RS S.MANOJ COMPARISION PPT
Sem MONOPULSE
Power Point Presentation

Conical Scan
In sequential lobing four horns and RF switches are use to rotate the
squint beam left, right, up and down.
This may be replaced by a single feed that radiated a single beam

squinted off axis.
The squinted feed could be continuously rotated to obtain angle

measurements in two coordinates. This a conical scan radar.
Tracking Radar.
A radar not only recognizes the presence of a target, but it determines the targets
location in range and in one or two angle coordinates.
As it continues to observe a target over time, the radar can provide the target’s
trajectory or track-and predict where it will be in the future.
These are at least four types of radar that can provide the tracks of targets:
Single target Tracker (STT)
This tracker is designed to continuously track a single target at a relatively rapid data
rate.
The antenna beam of a single-target tracker follows the target by obtaining an angle-
error signal and employing a closed loop servo system to keep the error signal small.
AN/FPQ-6 C-band long range precision tracking used for instrumentation ranges.
Automatic detection and track (ADT).
This performs tracking as part of an air surveillance radar.
The rate at which the observations are mode depends on the time for the antenna to
make one rotation.
Amplitude comparison Monopulse
1) In this, two overlapping antenna patterns with their main beams pointed in slightly in
different directions are used the two beams are said to be squinted or offset.
They might be generated by using two feeds slightly displaced in opposite directions
form focus of a parabolic reflector.
2) Here both sum and difference of the two squinted antenna patterns are taken.
The sum pattern is used in transmission and both sum and difference patterns are used
on reception
.
3) The signal received with the difference pattern propend the magnitude of the angle
error.
4) The direction of the angle error is found by comparing the phase of the difference
signal with the phase of sum signal.
Signals received from the sum and difference patterns are amplified separately and
combined the angle error signal.
5) The sum signal also provides target detection and range measurement as will as
act as a reference for determining the sign of the angle measurement.
Moving Target Indicator Radar (MTI)

Clutter is the term used for radar targets which are not of
interest to the user.
Clutter is usually caused by static objects near the radar
but sometimes far away as well:
n
n

Sometimes clutter can be caused by sidelobes in the
antenna pattern or a poorly adjusted antenna
n
n
n
In any case it is desirable to eliminate as much
clutter as possible n
ELEC4600 Radar and Navigation

1/2/2020 Engineering 3
This is done by using the fact that the desired target

is usually moving relative to the radar and thus
causes a Doppler shift in the return signal.
The Doppler shift can also be used
n to determine the
relative speed of the target. n


The simple CW example can be modified to
incorporate pulse modulation
n
n
n
Note that the same oscillator is used transmission
and demodulation of the return
Thus the return is processed coherently
i.e. the phase of the signal is preserved

MTI Radar Block Diagrams
MOPA (master oscillator, power amplifier)
Power amplifiers:
Klystron n
TWT (Travelling wave tube) n
Solid State (Parallel) n

If the first blind speed is to be greater than the highest

expected radial speed the λfp must be large
large λ means larger antennas for a given beamwidth

n
n
large fp means that the unambiguous range will be quite small
n
n
So there has to be a compromise in the design of an MTI radar

Year, Branch, Name of the students/Hall Seminar

.No. Subject
sem Section ticket No. Topics
IV Prediction of
A.NITHISH/15271A0479
1 B.Tech ECE-B RS range & CW
15271A0494/B.SAI SRI
II Sem Radar
IV minimum
15271A0466/K.BHAGYA
2 B.Tech ECE-B RS detectable
SREE
II Sem signal
IV
3 B.Tech ECE-B RS 15271A04A8/V.SUSHMITHA Conical Scan
II Sem
DEPARTMENT OF ECE
LESSON PLAN
SUBJECT:RADAR SYSTEMS
NAME OF THE FACULTY: S.MANOJ YEAR / SEMESTER: IV- II (ECE- B )
No. of Hours
Method of
Serial No.
teaching
UnitNo
Topic SubTopic
CHALK AND
1 1 Basics of Radar Introduction, 1 TALK
CHALK AND
2 1 Basics of Radar Maximum Unambiguous Range, 1 TALK
CHALK AND
3 1 Basics of Radar simple form of Radar Equation, 1 TALK
CHALK AND
4 1 Basics of Radar Radar Block Diagram and Operation, 1 TALK
CHALK AND
5 1 Basics of Radar Radar Frequencies and Applications. 1 TALK
6 1 Basics of Radar Prediction of Range Performance, 1 SEMINARS
7 1 Basics of Radar Minimum Detectable Signal, 1 SEMINARS
CHALK AND
8 1 Basics of Radar Receiver Noise 1 TALK
CHALK AND
CHALK AND
10 1 Basics of Radar Modified Radar radar range equation 1 TALK
CHALK AND
11 1 Basics of Radar Illustrative Problems. 1 TALK
CHALK AND
12 1 Radar Equation: SNR, Envelope Detector 1 TALK
CHALK AND
13 1 Radar Equation: False Alarm time and Probability 1 TALK
CHALK AND
14 1 Radar Equation: Integration of Radar Pulses 1 TALK
CHALK AND
15 1 Radar Equation: Radar cross section of Targets 1 TALK
CHALK AND
16 1 Radar Equation: Transmitter power, 1 TALK
CHALK AND
17 1 Radar Equation: PRF and Range Ambiguities, 1 TALK
CHALK AND
18 1 Radar Equation: System Losses ,A/T/Q-1 1 TALK
CHALK AND
19 1 Radar Equation: Illustrative Problems 1 TALK
CW and Frequency CHALK AND
20 2 Doppler Effect, CW Radar - Block Diagram, 1 TALK
Modulated Radar
CW and Frequency Isolation between Transmitter and CHALK AND
21 2 1 TALK
Modulated Radar Receiver, Non-zero IF Receiver
CW and Frequency GROUP
22 2 Receiver Bandwidth Requirements 1 DISCUSSION
Modulated Radar
23 2 Applications of CW radar. 1 TALK
Modulated Radar

24 2 FM-CW Radar, 1 TALK
Modulated Radar
25 2 Range and Doppler Measurement, 1 TALK
Modulated Radar
26 2 Block Diagram and Characteristics 1 TALK
Modulated Radar
27 2 FM-CW altimeter, 1 TALK
Modulated Radar
28 2 Multiple Frequency CW Radar. 1 TALK
Modulated Radar
MTI and Pulse CHALK AND
29 3 Introduction, Principle, 1 TALK
Doppler Radar
MTI and Pulse MTI Radar with - Power Amplifier
30 3 1 PPT
Doppler Radar Transmitter
MTI and Pulse MTI Radar with - Power Oscillator
31 3 1 PPT
Doppler Radar Transmitter,
MTI and Pulse Delay Line Cancellers - Filter CHALK AND
32 3 1 TALK
Doppler Radar characteristics,
33 3 Blind Speeds, 1 TALK
Doppler Radar
34 3 Double Cancellation, Staggered PRFs 1 TALK
Doppler Radar
35 3 Range Gated Doppler Filters 1 TALK
Doppler Radar
36 3 MTI Radar Parameters,A/T/Q-2 1 TALK
Doppler Radar
37 3 Limitations to MTI Performance 1 TALK
Doppler Radar
38 3 MTI versus Pulse Doppler Radar. 1 TALK
Doppler Radar
GROUP
39 4 Tracking Radar Tracking with Radar, 1 DISCUSSION
CHALK AND
40 4 Tracking Radar Sequential Lobing, 1 TALK
PPT &
41 4 Tracking Radar Conical Scan, 1 SEMINARS
CHALK AND
42 4 Tracking Radar Monopulse Tracking Radar - 1 TALK
Amplitude Comparison Monopulse (one-
43 4 Tracking Radar 1 PPT
and two- coordinates),
CHALK AND
44 4 Tracking Radar Phase Comparison Monopulse, 1 TALK
CHALK AND
45 4 Tracking Radar Tracking in Range, A/T/Q-3 1 TALK
CHALK AND
46 4 Tracking Radar Acquisition and Scanning Patterns. 1 TALK
CHALK AND
47 4 Tracking Radar Comparison of Trackers. 1 TALK
Detection of Radar CHALK AND
48 5 Introduction, 1 TALK
Signals in Noise
49 5 matched filter 1 TALK
Signals in Noise
50 5 Matched Filter Receiver - 1 TALK
Signals in Noise
51 5 Response Characteristics and Derivation, 1 TALK
Signals in Noise
Detection of Radar Correlation Function and Cross-correlation CHALK AND
52 5 1 TALK
Signals in Noise Receiver,
53 5 Efficiency of Non-matched Filters,A/T/Q-4 1 TALK
Signals in Noise
Detection of Radar PROBLEM

54 5 Matched Filter with Non-white Noise. 1 SOLVING
Signals in Noise
Noise Figure and Noise Temperature. CHALK AND
55 5 Radar Receivers 1 TALK
Displays - types.
CHALK AND
56 5 Radar Receivers Duplexers - Branch type and Balanced type, 1 TALK
CHALK AND
57 5 Radar Receivers Circulators as Duplexers. 1 TALK
Introduction to Phased array CHALK AND
antennas,A/T/Q-5
Array Antennas - Basic Concepts, Radiation CHALK AND
Pattern,
CHALK AND
60 5 Radar Receivers Beam Steering and Beam Width changes, 1 TALK
CHALK AND
61 5 Radar Receivers Applications, Advantages and Limitations. 1 TALK
Year, Branch, Name of the students/Hall

S.No. Subject Seminar Topics
sem Section ticket No.
IV Prediction of
1 B.Tech I ECE-A RS range & CW
Sem Radar
IV
minimum
2 B.Tech I ECE-A RS
detectable signal
Sem
IV
3 B.Tech I ECE-A RS Conical Scan
Sem
Year, Branch, Name of the students/Hall

S.No. Subject Seminar Topics
sem Section ticket No.
IV Prediction of
1 B.Tech I ECE- C RS range & CW
Sem Radar
IV
ECE- C minimum
2 B.Tech I RS
detectable signal
Sem
IV
3 B.Tech I ECE- C RS Conical Scan
Sem
DEPARTMENT OF ECE
LESSON PLAN
NAME OF THE FACULTY: S.MANOJ YEAR / SEMESTER: IV- I (ECE- A&C )
No. of Hours
Method of
Serial No.
teaching
UnitNo
Topic SubTopic
CHALK AND
1 1 Basics of Radar Introduction, 1 TALK
CHALK AND
2 1 Basics of Radar Maximum Unambiguous Range, 1 TALK
CHALK AND
3 1 Basics of Radar simple form of Radar Equation, 1 TALK
CHALK AND
4 1 Basics of Radar Radar Block Diagram and Operation, 1 TALK
CHALK AND
5 1 Basics of Radar Radar Frequencies and Applications. 1 TALK
6 1 Basics of Radar Prediction of Range Performance, 1 SEMINARS
7 1 Basics of Radar Minimum Detectable Signal, 1 SEMINARS
CHALK AND
CHALK AND
CHALK AND
10 1 Basics of Radar Modified Radar radar range equation 1 TALK
CHALK AND
11 1 Basics of Radar Illustrative Problems. 1 TALK
CHALK AND
12 1 Radar Equation: SNR, Envelope Detector 1 TALK
CHALK AND
13 1 Radar Equation: False Alarm time and Probability 1 TALK
CHALK AND
14 1 Radar Equation: Integration of Radar Pulses 1 TALK
CHALK AND
15 1 Radar Equation: Radar cross section of Targets 1 TALK
CHALK AND
16 1 Radar Equation: Transmitter power, 1 TALK
CHALK AND
17 1 Radar Equation: PRF and Range Ambiguities, 1 TALK
CHALK AND
18 1 Radar Equation: System Losses ,A/T/Q-1 1 TALK
CHALK AND
19 1 Radar Equation: Illustrative Problems 1 TALK
20 2 Doppler Effect, CW Radar - Block Diagram, 1 TALK
Modulated Radar
CW and Frequency Isolation between Transmitter and CHALK AND
21 2 1 TALK
Modulated Radar Receiver, Non-zero IF Receiver
CW and Frequency GROUP
22 2 Receiver Bandwidth Requirements 1 DISCUSSION
Modulated Radar

23 2 Applications of CW radar. 1 TALK
Modulated Radar
24 2 FM-CW Radar, 1 TALK
Modulated Radar
25 2 Range and Doppler Measurement, 1 TALK
Modulated Radar
26 2 Block Diagram and Characteristics 1 TALK
Modulated Radar
27 2 FM-CW altimeter, 1 TALK
Modulated Radar
28 2 Multiple Frequency CW Radar. 1 TALK
Modulated Radar
29 3 Introduction, Principle, 1 TALK
Doppler Radar
MTI and Pulse MTI Radar with - Power Amplifier
30 3 1 PPT
Doppler Radar Transmitter
MTI and Pulse MTI Radar with - Power Oscillator
31 3 1 PPT
Doppler Radar Transmitter,
MTI and Pulse Delay Line Cancellers - Filter CHALK AND
32 3 1 TALK
Doppler Radar characteristics,
33 3 Blind Speeds, 1 TALK
Doppler Radar
34 3 Double Cancellation, Staggered PRFs 1 TALK
Doppler Radar
35 3 Range Gated Doppler Filters 1 TALK
Doppler Radar
36 3 MTI Radar Parameters,A/T/Q-2 1 TALK
Doppler Radar
37 3 Limitations to MTI Performance 1 TALK
Doppler Radar
38 3 MTI versus Pulse Doppler Radar. 1 TALK
Doppler Radar
GROUP
39 4 Tracking Radar Tracking with Radar, 1 DISCUSSION
CHALK AND
40 4 Tracking Radar Sequential Lobing, 1 TALK
PPT &
41 4 Tracking Radar Conical Scan, 1 SEMINARS
CHALK AND
42 4 Tracking Radar Monopulse Tracking Radar - 1 TALK
Amplitude Comparison Monopulse (one-
43 4 Tracking Radar 1 PPT
and two- coordinates),
CHALK AND
44 4 Tracking Radar Phase Comparison Monopulse, 1 TALK
CHALK AND
45 4 Tracking Radar Tracking in Range, A/T/Q-3 1 TALK
CHALK AND
46 4 Tracking Radar Acquisition and Scanning Patterns. 1 TALK
CHALK AND
47 4 Tracking Radar Comparison of Trackers. 1 TALK
48 5 Introduction, 1 TALK
Signals in Noise
49 5 matched filter 1 TALK
Signals in Noise
50 5 Matched Filter Receiver - 1 TALK
Signals in Noise
51 5 Response Characteristics and Derivation, 1 TALK
Signals in Noise
Detection of Radar Correlation Function and Cross-correlation CHALK AND
52 5 1 TALK
Signals in Noise Receiver,

53 5 Efficiency of Non-matched Filters,A/T/Q-4 1 TALK
Signals in Noise
Detection of Radar PROBLEM
54 5 Matched Filter with Non-white Noise. 1 SOLVING
Signals in Noise
Noise Figure and Noise Temperature. CHALK AND
Displays - types.
CHALK AND
56 5 Radar Receivers Duplexers - Branch type and Balanced type, 1 TALK
CHALK AND
57 5 Radar Receivers Circulators as Duplexers. 1 TALK
Introduction to Phased array CHALK AND
antennas,A/T/Q-5
Array Antennas - Basic Concepts, Radiation CHALK AND
Pattern,
CHALK AND
60 5 Radar Receivers Beam Steering and Beam Width changes, 1 TALK
CHALK AND
61 5 Radar Receivers Applications, Advantages and Limitations. 1 TALK
RADAR SYSTEMS
COURSE FILE

Nustulapur, Karimnagar - 505481
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
Programme UG
Branch ECE
Name of the Subject RADAR SYSTEMS
Year & Semester IV B.Tech II - Sem
Section B
S.MANOJ
Prepared by Asst Professor
ECE
Verified by :
Approved by:
HOD-ECE

Nustulapur, Karimnagar - 505481
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
Programme UG
Branch ECE
Name of the Subject RADAR SYSTEMS
Year & Semester IV B.Tech I - Sem
Section A&C
S.MANOJ
Prepared by Asst Professor
ECE
Verified by :
Approved by:
HOD-ECE
RADAR SYSTEMS
COURSE FILE
RADAR SYSTEMS COURSE OUTCOMES

CO1. Demonstrate the factors affecting the Radar performance using RadarRange Equation.
CO2. Analyze the principle of FM-CW radar and apply it in FM- CW Altimeter.
CO3. Differentiate between a MTI Radar and a Pulse Doppler Radar based on their working principle.
CO4. Analyze the different Tracking Radar principles for tracking the targets.
CO5. Demonstrate the basic principle of Receiver and also extraction of signal in Noise.
Course Objectives:
For RADAR SYSTEMS, the course will enable the students to:
 Radar fundamental and analysis of the radar signals
 To understand various technologies involved in the design of radar transmitters and receivers.
 To learn various radars like MTI, Doppler and tracking radars and their comparison.
Course Objectives:
For RADAR SYSTEMS, the course will enable the students to:
 Radar fundamental and analysis of the radar signals
 To understand various technologies involved in the design of radar transmitters and receivers.
 To learn various radars like MTI, Doppler and tracking radars and their comparison.

DEPARTMENT OF ECE
LESSON PLAN
NAME OF THE FACULTY: S.MANOJ YEAR / SEMESTER: IV-I ECE-A & C
Question Bank
UNIT- I:BASICS OF RADAR

1. Derive radar range equation and discuss about its limitations?
2. A radar operates at aPRF of 1000Hz with a pulse of 2us and at an average power of 100w.Find Peak power
and duty cycle?
3. Draw the block diagram of a basic radar system and explain the operation of each block?
4. What is the significance of radar ambiguity function explain?
5. Discuss the parameters on which maximum detectable range of a radar system depends?
6. Compute the maximum detectable range of a radar system specified below:
Operating wavelength=3.2cm
Peak transmitted power=500kw
Pmin=10^-13 w
Capture area of antenna= 5sqm
Radar cross section area of target =20sqm.
7. For the specifications of a radar listed below compute Power received at 50km distance from radar antenna,
operating wavelength=3.0cm;Pt=320kw;G=9.6x10^4; Ae=5sqm; cross section area=12sqm.
8. Describe a pulsed radar system. Discuss how the direction and range of an object is determined using this
system>
9. Derive the maximum range for a radar range equation system from basic principles?
10. What are the desirable pulse characteristics and the factors govern them in a radar system?
11. Draw the block diagram of Pulsed radar and explain its operation
12. Write the relative factors between the radar’s cross section of the target and its true cross sections
13. Derive basic radar’s equation
14 Explain about the frequencies used for radar
15. Discuss in detail the choice of various parameters that are affecting the radar range
UNIT- II:RADAR EQUATION
1. Explain the significance of probability of false alarm and probability of miss?
2. Explain about the integration of radar pulses?
3. Discuss the factors of pulse repetition frequency and range ambiguities?
4. Define and explain transmitted power in radar equation and express the radar equation in terms of the energy
contained in the transmitted waveform?
5. Discuss in detail the effect of radar cross section of targets by considering different shapes of the targets?
6. Briefly discuss about prediction of range performance?
7. Discuss in detail the quantitative analysis of receiver noise and hence derive the expression for minimum
detectable signal?
8. By applying statistical noise theory, derive expressions for probability of detection and probability of false
alarm?
9. Discuss in detail about system losses?
10. What do you mean by false alarm? What are the design precautions to be taken to minimize it?
11 .What is the difference between pulse radar & pulse Doppler radar.
12. Explain basic principle of MTI radar.
13. Draw & explain block diagram of MTI radar.
14. What do you understand by blind speed? How to eliminate it?
15. Explain non coherent MTI radar.
UNIT- III:CW AND FREQUENCY MODULATED RADAR
1. Draw the block diagram and explain the operation of CW radar with sideband superhetrodyne receiver?
2. Discuss the limitations of simple CW radar with zero IF?
3. What is Doppler Effect?
4. Explain with necessary block schematics and analysis how Doppler direction is identified with CW radar?
5. What is receiver BW Requirements? Discuss?
6. Distinguish between CW radar and Pulsed radar?
7. Calculate Doppler frequency of stationary CW radar transmitting at 6 MHz frequency when a moving target
approaches the radar with a radial velocity of 100km/hour?
8. What is Doppler frequency shift? Discuss the effect of receiver bandwidth on the efficiency of detection and
performance of CW radar?
9. Explain operation of CW tracker illuminator of the missile system?
10. What is the purpose of filter banks in CW radar receivers? Draw the block diagram of IF Doppler filter bank
and draw its frequency response?
11. Explain working of two cavity klystron.
12. Explain reflex klystron with circuit diagram.
13. What is difference between two cavity klystron & reflex klystron
14. Explain construction of 8 cavity magnetron
15. How oscillations are generated in a magnetron.
UNIT- IV:FMCW RADAR
1. Differentiate CW and FMCW Radars.
2. Draw the block diagram of FMCW Radar and explain each and every block clearly.
3. With the help of suitable block diagram explain the operation of FM-CW altimeter?
4. Write short notes on unwanted signals and measurement errors in FM altimeter?
5. Determine the acceleration of a target if the received signal bandwidth is 40Hz and the operating wave length is
9cms?
6. Draw the block diagram of FM CW Radar and explain its operation with triangular modulation?
7. Write about Multiple Frequency CW Radar?

8. Explain how extraction of 3rd harmonic is possible by using a block diagram
9. Write short notes on Range and Doppler measurement of a target using FMCW radar.
10. Determine the operating frequency if the target is moving with acceleration as same as acceleration
of gravity and the received signal band width is 50Hz?
11. Explain different properties of antenna.
12. Explain parabolic reflector antenna.
13. Explain cassegrain antenna.
14. Explain lens antenna.
15. Explain scanning feed reflector antenna.
UNIT- V:MTI AND PULSE DOPPLER RADAR

1) A simple MTI delay line canceller is an example of time domain filter .Why? Explain.
2) Enumerate the advantage of the time delay line canceller as compared to the convention frequency domain
filter.
3) Draw the bloc diagram of four pulse canceller and find the weight for the same.
4) Differentiate three- pulse canceller from four pulse canceller.
5) Description of Range gate Doppler filters.
6) Differentiate blind phases from blind speeds.
7) Explain the effect of Doppler frequency ‘fd’ for the stationary objects and moving targets
8) Explain the butterfly effect that is produced by MTI.
9) Draw and explain frequency response characteristics of a MTI using range gates and filters.
10) How does MTI radar differ from CW radar?
11) How does MTI radar differ from pulse Doppler radar?
12) What is the distinctive feature that makes the MTI radar and Pulse Doppler to differ?
13) What is the principle of MTI radar?
14) Write about delay line canceller.
15) Explain in detail the Filter characteristics of the delay-line canceller

University question papers of present and

previous two years (regular & Supplementary)
Code No: 118EA R13

JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
B. Tech IV Year II Semester Examinations, June - 2018
RADAR SYSTEMS
(Electronics and Communication Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 75

Note: This question paper contains two parts A and B.
Part A is compulsory which carries 25 marks. Answer all questions in Part A. Part B consists of 5
Units. Answer any one full question from each unit. Each question carries 10 marks and may have
a, b, c as sub questions.
PART - A (25 Marks)
1.a) List the applications of Radar. [2]
b) Discuss in brief about Pulse Repetition Frequency(PRF) and range ambiguities.[3]
c) List the characteristics of FM-CW Radar. [2] c) List the characteristics of FM-CW Radar. [2]
d) Give the principle of Doppler effect. [3]
e) What is Staggered PRF? [2] f) Explain the operation of MTI Radar. [3]
g) Explain about sequential lobing. [2
h) Give the principle of operation of conical scan. [3]
i) What are the different types of antennas used in Radar? [2] j) Draw the block diagram of cross
correlation receiver. [3]
PART - B PART - B
(50 Marks) (50 Marks)
2.a) Obtain the Radar equation in terms of minimum detectable power and gains of transmitting
and receiving antenna? and receiving antenna?
b) Explain about integration of Radar pulses in detail. [5+5
OR
3.a) Calculate the minimum pulse interval and pulse repetition frequency required for Radar to
detect unambiguous targets up to a range of 125miles? b) Explain the terms integration loss and
Radar cross section of a target. [5+5]
4.a) Explain range and Doppler measurement in FM-CW Radar. b) What is the major limitation of
CW Radar and how it can be overcome? [5+5] OR OR
5.a) Explain the principle of operation of FM-CW Radar with using side band super heterodyne
Receiver.
b) Briefly discuss the FM-CW altimeter. [5+5] 6.a) Give the
principle operation of MTI Radar and pulse Doppler Radar.
b) List and explain MTI Radar Parameters. [5+5]
OR
7.a) With the aid of the block diagram, explain fully operation of an MTI system using a power
amplifier in the transmitter?
b) How moving target is distinguish from stationary target? [5+5]
8.a) Differentiate single -delay-line canceller and double-delay-line canceller.
b) Explain the concept of conical scan. [5+5]
OR
9. Describe different Radar tracking techniques. [10]
10.a) Discuss Matched filter receiver and derive Matched filter characteristics.
b) Distinguish series feeds and parallel feeds. [5+5]
OR
11. List and explain the applications, advantages and limitations of phased array antennas.
[10]
Course Outcomes

Name of the Subject: RADAR SYSTEMS
Regulation: R-1
Subj
Ye Se Subject ect CO P P P P P P P P P
ar m Name Cod PO O O O O O O O O O PO PO PO PS PS
e 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 O1 O2
CO1
CO2
1 1 1
RADAR
A804 CO3
IV I SYSTE 50 1 1 2 1 2
MS
CO4
2 1
CO5
1 1
Course Outcomes

Name of the Subject: RADAR SYSTEMS
Regulation: R-1
Subj
Ye Se Subject ect CO P P P P P P P P P
ar m Name Cod PO O O O O O O O O O PO PO PO PS PS
e 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 O1 O2
CO1
CO2
1 1 1
RADAR
A804 CO3
IV I SYSTE 50 1 1 2 1 2
MS
CO4
2 1
CO5
1 1

UNIT-I ASSIGNMENT-1
1. Derive radar range equation and discuss about its limitations? (Analyse)
and duty cycle? (Remember)
3. Draw the block diagram of a basic radar system and explain the operation of each block?(Remember)
4. What is the significance of radar ambiguity function explain? (UNDERSTAND)
5. Discuss the parameters on which maximum detectable range of a radar system depends? (UNDERSTAND)
1.Explain the significance of probability of false alarm and probability of miss?(UNDERSTAND)
2.Explain about Doppler Effect? (UNDERSTAND)
3.Explain About FMCW radar(UNDERSTAND)
contained in the transmitted waveform? (Remember) (UNDERSTAND)
(UNDERSTAND)
1. Draw the block diagram and explain the operation of CW radar with sideband superhetrodyne receiver?
(Remember)
2. Explain about MTI RADAR? (UNDERSTAND)
3. What is receiver BW Requirements? Discuss? (Remember)
1. Explain about displays. (UNDERSTAND)
2. Draw the block diagram of FMCW Radar and explain each and every block clearly. (Remember)
3. With the help of suitable block diagram explain the operation of FM-CW altimeter? (Remember)
4. Write short notes on unwanted signals and measurement errors in FM altimeter? (UNDERSTAND)
9cms? (Analyse)
(UNDERSTAND)
UNIT-V ASSIGNMENT-5
1) A simple MTI delay line canceller is an example of time domain filter .Why? Explain. (Remember)
2) Enumerate the advantage of the time delay line canceller as compared to the convention frequency domain filter.
(Analyse)
3) Draw the bloc diagram of four pulse canceller and find the weight for the same. (Remember)
4) Differentiate three- pulse canceller from four pulse canceller. (Analyse)
5) Explain About CRT SCREENS. (UNDERSTAND)
6) Differentiate blind phases from blind speeds. (Analyse)
7) Explain about cross correlations (UNDERSTAND)


UNIT-I ASSIGNMENT-1
1.Derive radar range equation and discuss about its limitations? (Analyse)
and duty cycle? (Remember)
3. Draw the block diagram of a basic radar system and explain the operation of each block?(Remember)
4. What is the significance of radar ambiguity function explain? (UNDERSTAND)
5. Discuss the parameters on which maximum detectable range of a radar system depends? (UNDERSTAND)
1.Explain the significance of probability of false alarm and probability of miss?(UNDERSTAND)
2.Explain about Doppler Effect? (UNDERSTAND)
3.Explain About FMCW radar(UNDERSTAND)
contained in the transmitted waveform? (Remember) (UNDERSTAND)
(UNDERSTAND)
1.Draw the block diagram and explain the operation of CW radar with sideband superhetrodyne receiver?
(Remember)
2.Explain about MTI RADAR? (UNDERSTAND)
3.What is receiver BW Requirements? Discuss? (Remember)
1. Explain about displays. (UNDERSTAND)
2. Draw the block diagram of FMCW Radar and explain each and every block clearly. (Remember)
3. With the help of suitable block diagram explain the operation of FM-CW altimeter? (Remember)
4. Write short notes on unwanted signals and measurement errors in FM altimeter? (UNDERSTAND)
9cms? (Analyse)
(UNDERSTAND)
UNIT-V ASSIGNMENT-5
1) A simple MTI delay line canceller is an example of time domain filter .Why? Explain. (Remember)
2) Enumerate the advantage of the time delay line canceller as compared to the convention frequency domain filter.
(Analyse)
3) Draw the bloc diagram of four pulse canceller and find the weight for the same. (Remember)
4) Differentiate three- pulse canceller from four pulse canceller. (Analyse)
5) Explain About CRT SCREENS. (UNDERSTAND)
6) Differentiate blind phases from blind speeds. (Analyse)
7) Explain about cross correlations (UNDERSTAND)

JYOTHISHMATHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & SCIENCE,KARIMNAGAR

DEPARTMENT OF ECE
FACULTY INDIVIDUAL TIME TABLE W.E.F:16-12-2018
NAME OF THE STAFF
S.MANOJ CLASS: IV ECE C (RS)
MEMBER:
8.45AM 9.45AM 10.45AM 11.45AM 12.30 PM 1.30PM 2.30PM
DAY 9.45AM 10.45AM 11.45PM 12.30 PM 1.30PM 2.30PM 3.30PM
1 2 3 4 5 6
MON RS-B
TUE L
WED RS-B U
BS LAB III ECE-A
N
THURS RS-B C
RS-B H
FRI
SAT BS LAB III ECE-B RS-B
*T-TUTORIAL
SIGN OF STAFF MEMBER VERIFIED BY CO -ORDINATOR HOD PRINCIPAL

JYOTHISHMATHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & SCIENCE,KARIMNAGAR

DEPARTMENT OF ECE
FACULTY INDIVIDUAL TIME TABLE W.E.F:16-07-2019
NAME OF THE STAFF
S.MANOJ CLASS: IV ECE C (RS)
MEMBER:
8.45AM 9.45AM 10.45AM 11.45AM 12.30 PM 1.30PM 2.30PM
DAY 9.45AM 10.45AM 11.45PM 12.30 PM 1.30PM 2.30PM 3.30PM
1 2 3 4 5 6
MON RS-A RS-C
TUE RS-C L
WED RS-A U
RS-C DSP LAB III ECE-A
N
THURS RS-A C
RS-A H
FRI RS-C RS-C
SAT DSP LAB III ECE-B RS-A
*T-TUTORIAL
SIGN OF STAFF MEMBER VERIFIED BY CO -ORDINATOR HOD PRINCIPAL

Internal Assessment as prescribed by University

(Two Exams per semester)
INTERNAL EXAM EVALUATION PROCEDURE
 The performance of a student in each semester shall be evaluated subject – wise with a
maximum of 100 marks for theory.
 For theory subjects the distribution shall be 25 marks for Internal Evaluation.
 Out of 25 internal marks – 10 marks are assigned for subjective exam, 10 marks for objective
exam (Questions set by the University) and 5 marks for “Assignment”.
 For theory subjects, during the semester there shall be 2 tests conducted.
 Each test consists of 30 minutes duration for objective exam (Questions set by the University)
of 10 marks and 60 minutes duration for subjective exam of 10 marks.
 The Objective exam marks of 10, subjective exam marks of 10 and assignment marks of 5
to be added to get test marks for 25.
 The average of the two tests will be taken for internal marks. The first test to be conducted for 1
to 2.5 units and second test conducted for 2.5-5 units of each semester.
 Each Objective question paper shall contain 20 objective type questions for 10 marks. This
examination is conducted based on the questions set by the university to train the student for on
line examinations such as GATE, GRE, GMAT etc.
 Each subjective type test question paper shall contain 4 questions and out of 4 questions only 2
questions need to be answered. The subjective type question paper should be for 10 marks.
 The objective type questions are evaluated based on the answer keys sent by the University.
SET-2
NUSTULAPUR, KARIMNAGAR
IV B. Tech. (Electronics and Communication Engineering)
II Semester 2019
RADAR SYSTEMS
I MID EXAM
Time: 1 Hour Max. Marks: 10
Note: Answer any TWO Questions
All Questions carry Equal Marks
Q1) Draw the block diagram of basic radar system and explain its operation.
Q2) Write short notes on Minimum Detectable Signal and list major applications of radar.
Q3) Draw the block diagram of simple CW radar and explain its working.
Q4) Write short notes on MTI radar with power oscillator transmitter.
SET-2
II Semester 2019
RADAR SYSTEMS-OBJECTIVE PAPER
I MID EXAM
Choose the correct answer
1) MTI stands for [ ]
(a) Moving Transmitter Indicator (b) Moving target interval
(c) Moving target indication (d) Modulation Transmitting Interval
2) Echoes from fixed targets [ ]
(a) Vary in amplitude (b) Vary in frequency (c) Vary in pulse interval (d) Remains constant.
3) The doppler shift is given by [ ] (a)
2Vr/λ (b) 2Vr (c) 5Vr/λ (d) Vr/λ
4) Large isolation can be achieved between transmitter and receiver [ ] (a)
Single antenna (b) two antennas (c) both (d) none
5) Name of the receiver used in simple CW radar [ ]
(a) Homodyne receiver (b) sideband super heterodyne receiver
(c) Non zero IF receiver (d) none
6) The spectrum of CW transmission can be broaden by [ ]
(a) Demodulation (b) Modulation (c) Detection (d) none
7) A widely used technique to broaden the spectrum of CW radar [ ]
(a) AM (b) FM (c) PM (d) none
8) If the target is approaching the radar the beat frequency fb(up) [ ]
(a) fr+fd (b) 3fr+fd (c) fr-fd (d) 5fr-fd
9) What is the reserved band for radio altimeter? [ ]
(a) 4.4 to 4.6GHZ (b) 4.2 to 4.4GHZ (c) 4.4 to 10GHZ (d) 10 to 25GHZ
10) If the target is receding the radar the beat frequency fb (down) [ ]
(a) fr+fd (b) fr-fd (c) 2fr+fd (d) fr-3fd
Fill in the Blanks
1. Second time around echoes are caused by __________________

2. In case of radar receiver the IF bandwidth is inversely proportional to _______________
3. The maximum range of radar depends on ________________________
4. Most of the aircraft surveillance radars operate in which frequency band_____________________
5. Which radar unit permits single antenna for both transmit and receive function _________________
6. Flicker noise occurs in which devices __________________

7. What is main advantage of CW radar_______________
8. If target approaches radar what is the doppler frequency shift________________________
9. Side band super heterodyne receivers are also called_____________________
10. What is need of providing isolation between the transmitter and receiver _________________
SET-1

II Semester 2019
RADAR SYSTEMS
II MID EXAM
Q1) Explain Double cancellation and staggerd PRF.

Q2) Explain Conical Scan in detail.
Q3) Explain about Amplitude Comparision Monopulse(two coordinates) method.
Q4) Write short notes on Branch type and Balanced type Duplexers.
SET-2
II Semester 2019
RADAR SYSTEMS
II MID EXAM
Q1) Explain about Range Gated Doppler Filters.

Q2) Explain Sequential Scan in detail.
Q3) Explain about Amplitude Comparision Monopulse(one coordinate) method.
Q4) Write short notes on Correlation Function and Cross-correlation Receiver.
Set No. 1
IV B.Tech. II Sem., II Mid-Term Examinations, April-

2019 RADAR SYSTEMS
Objective
Exam Name: Hall Ticket A
No.
Answer All Questions. All Questions Carry Equal Marks. Time: 20 Min. Marks: 10.
I. Choose the correct alternative:
1. Blind speeds are limitation of …………………….. radar [ ]

A) CW B) FM-CW C) MTI D) none
2. The MTI radar operates with ………………..doppler measurement. [ ]

A) Ambiguous B) unambiguous C) both a&b D) none
3. Moving objects may be distinguished from stationary targets by observing video output on
………………….. [ ]
A) A scope B) PPI C) B scope D) C scope
4. Radar used to determine the target path and to predict the future position is …………… [ ]
A) CW B) FM-CW C) MTI D) tracking radar
5. The difference between the target position and the reference direction is……………. [ ]
A) amplitude error B) frequency error C) angular error D) none
6. Method of switching alternately between two positions to obtain angular error is called [ ]
A) monopulse B) sequential lobing C) conical scan D) none
7. Many radar super heterodyne receivers do not employ …………………………….. [ ]

A) Mixer B) RF amplifier C) IF amplifier D) local oscillator
8, Noise that degrade the tracking accuracy is called …………. [ ]

A) shot noise B) jitter C) flicker noise D) thermal noise
9. To maximize the signal to noise ratio the receiver must be designed as a……………… [ ]
A) low pass filter B) high pass filter C) matched filter D) band reject filter
10 …………………. acts as a balanced mixer [ ]

A) E plane Tee B) H plane Tee C) Circulator D) Magic Tee
:2: Set No. 1

Code
II Fill in the Blanks:
11. Tracking radar employ a… ..................... antenna.
12 …………………………. Is the measure of receiver internal noise.
13. A tracking radar which operates with phase information is called… .............................. radar.
14. The mixer is used to convert……………into…………………………
15 ……………………..is the advantage of super heterodyne receiver.
16 …………………………on the CRT is limited by the phosphor characteristics.
17. PPI stands for …………………………………
18. ……………………. Limits the capability of radar.
19. Flicker noise is ............................. proportional to the frequency.
20. Image frequency in terms of fRF and fL is ………………………..
-oOo-
Set No.
2
IV B.Tech. II Sem., II Mid-Term Examinations,

April-2019
RADAR SYSTEMS
Objective Exam
Name: ______________________________ Hall Ticket No. A
Answer All Questions. All Questions Carry Equal Marks. Time: 20
Min. Marks: 10.
I. Choose the correct alternative:
1. The difference between target position and the reference direction is called____
A) Lobe error B) Tracking error C) Angular error D) Sequential error
2. Transversal filter is also called as

A) Feed forward filter B) no recursive filter C)finite memory filter D)all
3. The coherent detector is uses both __________and___________

A) Frequency, amplitude B) phase, amplitude C) frequency, phase D)none
4. In PPI display objects in plan position with ____________and ________________

A) Range, azimuth B) in polar (rho, theta) C) range, time D) a&b
5. The amplitude spectrum of a matched filter is

A) Obtained by its frequency response B) negative of amplitude spectrum of input signal
C) Same as amplitude spectrum of signal D) depends on phase of the signal
6. The universally used radar display is ___________

A) PPI B)CRT C)A Scope D)none
7. AN M×N two dimensional parallel feed array requires _______control signals

A) M+N+2 B)M+N C)M+N-2 D)none
8. In MTI radar which of the following is produced with time and butterfly effect on the ‘a’ scope
A) Fixed Targets B) Noise C) Moving Targets D)Phase Detectors
9. Delay line canceller causes _______speeds in MTI radar

A) Low B) high C) blind D) none
10. The range gating is necessary to perform automatic tracking offers several advantages. One of them is
A) Power enhancement B)S/N improvement C)accuracy is tracking D)none
:2: Set N
II Fill in the Blanks:
11. _________________ radar determines the path and predicts the future position of the
tangent
12. MOPA stands for_________________
13. The Doppler tracking filter is called as_________________
14. A three or four port device that provides a separation between transmitter and receiver
without using duplexer is called___________________
15. Effective noise temperature Te=__________________
16. The random wandering of apparent radar reflecting centre gives rise to
____________
17. An expression for phase difference =Δφ for phase comparison monopulse is given
by____________
18. Matched filter forms the cross correlation between the received signal corrupted by
noise and a replica of the
______________ signal.
19. The delay line produces a time delay equal to ___________
20. The relative target velocities which results in zero MTI response are called
_____________
SCHEME OF EVALUATION
SET-1
II Semester 2019
RADAR SYSTEMS
II MID EXAM-Scheme of Evaluation
Q1) Explain Double cancellation and staggerd PRF.
Sol:- Block diagram-2 marks

Explanation -3 marks
Q2) Explain Conical Scan in detail.

Q3) Explain about Amplitude Comparision Monopulse(two coordinates) method.

Q4) Write short notes on Branch type and Balanced type Duplexers.
Sol:- Block diagram of Branch type and Balanced type Duplexers -3 marks

SLOW LEARNERS
The Slow learners are identified by following the normal procedures adopted in
the Department and also with my observation. The following students are identified in
this class and remedial measures are being taken up for them.

Number
MID-1 MID-II
1
2
Remedial Schedule
Academic Year: Class/Sem:

Subject:
(AFTER I-MID EXAM)
DATE

SLOW LEARNERS
The Slow learners are identified by following the normal procedures adopted in
the Department and also with my observation. The following students are identified in
this class and remedial measures are being taken up for them.

Number
MID-1 MID-II
1
2
Remedial Schedule
Academic Year: Class/Sem:

Subject:
(AFTER I-MID EXAM)
DATE
Information related to the main websites to that students

are advised to visit
Information related to the main websites to that students

are advised to visit

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JYOTHISHMATHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & SCIENCE

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

Topics Beyond Syllabus

Design of the 11011 Sequence Detector

11011 detector with overlap X 11011011011

Here is an overview of the design procedure for a sequential circuit.

Problem: Design a 11011 sequence detector using JK flip-flops. Allow overlap.

Step 1a – Determine the Number of States

Step 1c – Do the Transitions for the Expected Sequence

Note the labeling of the transitions: X / Z. Thus

Step 1d – Insert the Inputs That Break the Sequence

Each state has two lines out of it –

The notes below explain how to

A State A is the initial state. It is

Step 1e – Generate the State Table with Output

PresentState NextState / Output

Power point Presentations

SR Latch with Enable (SR Flip-Flop)

equations where + B(t)x(t) Next State

T=C+D results ◦ B(t+1) = A’(t)x(t)

 This gate has a y

Example: State Diagram

1. Programme Educational Objectives (PEOs)

Mapping of Course Outcomes with Program Outcomes:

JYOTHISHMATHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & SCIENCE

SUBJECT: DIGITAL LOGIC DESIGN

NAME OF THE FACULTY: S. MANOJ YEAR / SEMESTER: II - I CSE-A

32 3 Combinational Circuits Decoders encoders 1 SEMINARS

33 3 Combinational Circuits multiplexers 1 SEMINARS

Synchronous Sequential Chalk &

Register Transfer and Chalk &

Unit Wise Assignment Questions

3. Design a 4-bit carry look ahead adder circuit.( Applying)

Year, Branch, Name of the students/Hall Seminar

Power point Presentations

Power point Presentations

SR Latch with Enable (SR Flip-Flop)

equations where + B(t)x(t) Next State

T=C+D results ◦ B(t+1) = A’(t)x(t)

 This gate has a y

Example: State Diagram

Academic Time Table

Information Related to the slow Learners

S.No. Hall Ticket Student Name

Name of The Faculty: S.MANOJ

1. Programme Educational Objectives (PEOs)

1. Programme Educational Objectives (PEOs)

Programme Educational Objectives (PEOs)

Power Point Presentation

This may be replaced by a single feed that radiated a single beam

The squinted feed could be continuously rotated to obtain angle

Single target Tracker (STT)

Automatic detection and track (ADT).

This performs tracking as part of an air surveillance radar.

Amplitude comparison Monopulse

Moving Target Indicator Radar (MTI)

Moving Target Indicator Radar (MTI)

ELEC4600 Radar and Navigation

Moving Target Indicator Radar (MTI)

This is done by using the fact that the desired target

ELEC4600 Radar and Navigation

Moving Target Indicator Radar (MTI)

Moving Target Indicator Radar (MTI)